query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
what is the biological purpose of the female orgasm? | [
"Well, with evolution, there was never an \"intended result\". At least, unless you subscribe to creationism, you assume that nobody \"built in\" the feature with a purpose in mind. The basic evolutionary logic on biological phenomena is that they helped us reproduce more / survive long enough to reproduce more, s... | [
"Your teacher is an idiot. Talk to a doctor about the best way to beat a type of cancer. That being said, a diet high in vegetables and low in red meat would lower your chances of getting cancer in the first place."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why are most of the pictures coming back from space now a days in black & white? | [
"The majority of pictures from outer space have always been in black an white. Most color photos of space have been edited to add the color."
] | [
"I think it is a picture of the screen, not a screenshot. The camera got the white balance off resulting in the off white color."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Computer Science:"
} |
Why to spacecraft reach outer space by launching straight up instead of taking off like an airplane and increasing altitude until out of the atmosphere | [
"Airplanes need air underneath the wings to work properly. The higher you go, the less air there is, so it's physically impossibly to leave the atmosphere this way."
] | [
"Airplanes have a ceiling above which they cannot fly. It depends on their engine power and the amount of lift generated by their wings. Yes they could overshoot this ceiling but would falter, stall, and descend. The pilot could regain control and fly at the highest possible altitude. Airplanes use the air to burn ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What are the most concrete pieces of evidence for man made climate change? | [
"The simplest explanation is that there is an observable relationship between *current* climate change and anthropomorphic emissions. If you'd like more information, I really don't think an ELI5 would be appropriate. Check out these links: - _URL_3_ - _URL_0_ - _URL_4_ - _URL_2_ - _URL_7_ - _URL_6_ - _URL_1_ - _URL... | [
"higher CO2 will lead to increased temperatures, among other problems. This will lead to may issues including melting of ice caps and ocean levels rising. This is the whole basis behind concerns about climate change, if you're unaware of the current terminology."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
; Why can't I describe the 'voice' of my inner monologue? | [
"might be different depending on the person, my inner monologue can be any voice i want it to be. even in spanish. but any other time when im reading or thinking to myself its generally my own voice i hear in my head"
] | [
"Your question doesn't quite make sense. Are you referring to something specific? What makes you think that a computer is built for a specific programming language?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What exactly is autism? | [
"So i may not be able to explain throughly but something that helped with my understanding was this video. _URL_0_ It gives me chills everytime"
] | [
"What do you want to know about them exactly?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why do I have to wear bowling shoes at a bowling alley? | [
"The approach is sanded and lacquered smooth. Any sort of small rocks and such can scratch the surface. Additionally, if you look at bowling shoes, they have a smooth surface. This helps them glide over the sanded wood. You can purchase bowling shoes for about $100, and they last a long time."
] | [
"Because they're not allowed to use chewing tobacco in the dugouts anymore"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How come you never see baby crows? | [
"You undoubtedly see very young crows, but don't realize it. The tiny ones are still in their nests, and by the time they are able to fly/explore, they are about the size of an adult. They are a bit duller and their beaks are a bit stubbier, but they are easy to recognise if you know what to look for. Baby for anim... | [
"It's not just humans. Have you ever seen that turtle sex video?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The difference between shame and guilt | [
"Shame is external, guilt is internal. Shame is focussing on other people/society/norms and the rule you have broken, whereas guilt has its focus on your own experience and what you feel about your action."
] | [
"The answer you are looking for and the answer the others are ignoring is; yes, there is a psychological element to thirst satiation."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
If these cases seem so obvious to most rational people (OJ, Casey Anthony, kid with "afluenza") how do they not get convicted? | [
"Because the burden of proof for people sitting in their living rooms, drinking beer and yelling \"fuck yeah\" every time Nancy Grace slams someone on live TV actually has very little resemblance to the burden of proof required in a court of law."
] | [
"You are given a public defender. That lawyer is shit out of luck as far as the public is concerned. Ethically it's a lawyers job to best represent their client. Serial rapist/murder/baby killer a public defender has to do everything within their power to defend the accused. \"Innocent until proven guilty\" Most p... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Is the universe a fractal? | [
"I'd say no. It appears there is some limit to how much things can be divided. Our current understanding of physics is that quarks (which make up protons and neutrons) and electrons are generally the bottom of the system, and they can't be divided further."
] | [
"Theory that the whole universe could be explained via 2D mathematical explanatory mechanisms. Much like the hologram."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why is it that defecation occasionally results in a "no wipe" scenario, but other times results in an "infinity wipe" scenario? | [
"Even if you have a no wipe scenario you still wipe just to make sure you don't have to wipe."
] | [
"Your bowels can feel gas versus a solid log. But sometimes when poo decides to enter the third in between state of matter known as liquid, your ass gets confused. Hence the term 'sharting, ( mixture of shit + farting). This is the result of your colon and spincter sensors (nerves) think there is a gas build up (to... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
TVs & cellphones both use radio waves. TVs to display HD channels and Phone for data. So how can TVs show HD channels instantaneously and for free (OTA), yet mobile data is expensive and capped? | [
"TV is a one-way signal (your TV doesn't have to reply), so the transmission antennas only have to send, and not receive. Plus, TV transmission is not free. It's free *to you*, because advertisers pay the TV station to show advertisements to viewers. Further, each station only has to broadcast from one, high-powere... | [
"Analog radio technologies require no buffer at all. The only radio part of the internet is probably your WiFi - but the rest travels a long distance through several nodes (computer servers / devices) and data packets can get lost, also you may be streaming something that requires a lot of bandwidth and your connec... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can I get fruit flies on an old banana I have laying out, if there haven't been fruit flies for weeks, and they only have a lifespan of a day? | [
"I read an article a few years ago that answered that: Most fruit that we buy in the grocery store already has fruit fly eggs on it. After a day or so, they hatch- in our kitchen. You can prevent this by always washing fruit-even bananas- when you bring it home."
] | [
"I have dyson which is bagless and you can see into the container where the dirt goes. I have seen a few spider crawling around in there, so they survive the suction. I can't imagine there is an easy way out though, and the only food would be other bugs that got sucked up, so I doubt they live long in there."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are the medical and dental communities kept so separate? Shouldn't dental be part of general well-being? | [
"There was a decent thread on this a few months back, it might have some answers you're looking for: _URL_0_"
] | [
"What a pharmacist can do varies widely from state to state. In some states, a pharmacist can prescribe medications, etc. If you go to the VA, you'll find a lot of medications are managed by pharmacists. Most of the time, states have allowed pharmacists to give most vaccines because it is an important public health... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
If the metric system is designed to make for easy calculations and conversions, why wasn't the 60 minute hour changed to a base 10 unit? | [
"time is always expressed in seconds in the metric system. or multiples, like milliseconds, kiloseconds, etc. \"Other units of time, the minute, hour, and day, are accepted for use with the modern metric system, but are not part of it.\" _URL_0_"
] | [
"Days in a year is fairly obvious; a day and a year are natural phenomena, so they were observed. Seconds per minute and minutes per hour came from the Babylonians, who used a base-60 counting system. I'm not sure where 24 hours per day came from."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Mathematics:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Mathematics:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why is the body of a 400-lb person able to carry around 200 lbs extra day after day, but a healthy 200-lb person who weight trains extensively would be exhausted carrying 200 lbs for an hour? | [
"A 400lb man's weight is centralized to his frame, spread throughout his entire body. There would probably be excess around his mid frame, which causes a lot of overweight men to have back problems. because of this increase in mass, the overweight person has more blood with which to oxygenate his muscles, making it... | [
"With almost no amounts of daily exercise, you need about 11x your body weight in calories to maintain your weight, and you need to consume 3500 calories less to loose 1 pound. So your average 180lb man eats around 1980 calories a day, your average 350lb man eats 3850 calories daily. So, if a 350lb man starts only ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why doesn't tinfoil get hot in the oven? | [
"It does get hot in the oven. However its thermal conductivity to air is very high - i.e. once its out of the hot oven it radiates its heat to the ambient air very quickly. Also, it can't retain a lot of thermal energy simply because its so thin... there's not a lot of metal atoms to store it. The pan that it's cov... | [
"Why can't you reheat things in the microwave twice?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How Exactly Does Electrocution Kill You? | [
"The majority of the time the electricity messes with your heart as it passes through the body (your heart runs off of electric signals from the nervous system so all that extra electrical input can clearly cause complications, usually in the form of a stopped heart) causing it to stop pumping. Then from that point... | [
"Being Black Does Actually Have (Relatively Minor) Health Consequences, It's Just That They're Obviated By Modern Life. There's An Energy Cost To Have Extra Melanin, Even A Small One, So If You Don't Need It It Won't Be Selected For. Melanin Reduces Vitamin-D Uptake From The Sun If Sunlight Is Lower Than You're Ada... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why are smoke and fire so inherently intriguing to watch? | [
"We have an inherent fascination with chaos and destruction. Why? Because in general, our lives are very orderly and humans have survived well due to our ability to recognize patterns. When we see something chaotic like the random turbulent flow of smoke or destructive like the licks of flame from a fire, it stimul... | [
"Cursed images are pictures the beg the five Ws: Who, what, when, where and why. They are usually creepy or downright disturbing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why are oranges sweet and lemons aren't? | [
"Just as all dogs are descendants of the wolf and (almost?) all the Brassica (broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, etc.) species descended from three ancestors, all the citrus fruits are descendants of hybridization of three or four ancestors, which in turn were selectively bred over centuries by humans or inbred throug... | [
"Just because something is made from vegetables doesn't automatically make it healthy. Heroin is made from vegetables."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How do physics , palm - readers and people who claim to be able to tell you your future work? | [
"Those kind of fortune telling/horoscope thingys are usually formulated in a very inaccurate way. Things such as \"You will meet an important person tomorrow\" can be twisted to fit in just about any situation you find yourself in, if you believe in that sort of stuff, you will interpert it as a phropecy coming tru... | [
"It would be very easy, and we would no longer call them \"supernatural\" because it would mean they were in fact a newly proven part of \"nature.\" We would set up experiments in which people are asked to do things that \"should be impossible.\" For example, reliably tell what someone in another room is looking at... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do outlets have 2 live terminals and 1 ground and not 1 live terminal and 1 ground (+ and -) like batteries and other things? | [
"The ground on a 3 prong outlet is a \"safety ground\". The terminals on the outlet are \"hot\" and \"neutral\", much like the two poles of a battery. In general, neutral and ground are bonded together at the circuit panel. But the 3rd ground wire is there in case something goes wrong with the device and there's a ... | [
"They are polarized to prevent the hot wire from being swapped with the neutral. The neutral is bonded to ground so it is basically at zero volts. Some devices only have a switch or fuse in the hot line so they need polarization to maintain safety. Light bulb sockets need to have the threads connected to neutral fo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If ancient civilizations are buried so far under ground, is the Earth getting bigger with each year? | [
"Things are moving around the surface. Take a bottle of sand, put an action figure on top of it, and shake the bottle. You're not adding sand, but the figure will settle below the lighter particles."
] | [
"The rock that makes up the earth acts a lot like a liquid (and is a liquid at certain levels) as you get below the crust. The hole would quickly fill up with the molten rock. Honestly, if something punched a hole through the Earth, I'd be way more concerned about what did it than the hole itself."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about writing:"
} |
How can you explain that intelligent people are usually more depressed/sad, and vice versa? | [
"There is a phrase: \"Ignorance is bliss\". When intelligent people become more learned, there is a tendency to have this \"pull the curtain and look behind\" view on the world, and those individuals can often lose the wonder of the world we all have as children. Like the guy who goes to the magician's show, and in... | [
"Yes there actually have been studies showing that people in positions of power often are more submissive in bed, and vice versa."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What lead to the crash of 1929, and the Great Depression overall? | [
"You might be interested in [Milton Friedman's explanation of the reasons for the Great Depression](_URL_0_), or why it was as bad as it was."
] | [
"A \"depression\" is an economic term that means there is a long-term downturn in the economy. The Great Depression was the worst depressions in modern history. Also, note that the Great Depression happened *before* WWII. In fact WWII was one of the things that stopped the Great Depression and got the world economy... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How and when did society come to be almost entirely financially dependent on the stock markets? | [
"what makes you think society is fiscally dependent on the stock market?"
] | [
"Currently, most of the Gross Domestic Product (the value of services and goods sold by a country) of the US is financial services; which are banks doing what banks do: making loans, investing in companies, charging their clients fees, and so on. For the past 30 years or so, banks have been allowed to do virtually ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does a RADAR dish spin? | [
"Why does your head turn? So you can see more of your surroundings. It's the same for a radar dish. If it was fixed, it could only 'look' in that direction."
] | [
"It works, and the best part is that you don't have to rotate the station to see the effect. If you move around a stationary circular station the result is pretty similar; NASA played around with this during Skylab: _URL_0_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why do invertebrates curl their legs in when they die? (Exception: Splatting them) | [
"A number of invertebrates use a pressure system to control their legs - essentially increasing and decreasing blood pressure in their legs in order to control them. When they die, they obviously lose the ability to control that pressure and their legs curl inwards (the natural position without any blood pressure).... | [
"Swallow head first and all the fins, spines and scales lie flat. They don't do it randomly. Most fishing birds turn the catch lengthwise before swallowing. Video of a Kingfisher turning a minnow headfirst before swallowing it. (Plus a bash on the branch to stop it wriggling.) _URL_0_ Many birds regurgitate bones, ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
what's the difference between popcorn and regular corn? Also, microwave popcorn and regular popcorn. | [
"What makes popcorn pop is the result of a few things: The outer hull(Paracarp) is unusually thicker than other corn varieties, as well as being water tight. Popcorn has a higher concentration of hard starch, its basically the only kind of starch. This means when pop-corn is heated, it heats the small amount of ... | [
"Amount of time differs for popcorn buttons. And I don't think I've ever owned or used a microwave that had a popcorn button that popped my popcorn to the standards I look for in a popped/unpopped kernel ratio."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does my brain automatically read closed captioning while watching a movie instead of actually watching the movie? | [
"It's less reading, and more \"noticing\". The human eye is drawn to movement. Before a subtitle appears, there is a void of text in that space. The sudden appearance of a new line isn't processed by the brain as \"appearing\", but rather \"hey that thing over there moved really really REALLY FAST!\" and your eyes ... | [
"Closed captioning is when the audio (dialogue and incidental music and side effects) is transcribed, usually intended for use by Deaf and Hard of Hearing people. If I'm not mistaken, \"closed\" means that it is already written as opposed to live captioning you might see on the news."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
With all the amazing advances in power generation, like nuclear and focused solar, why do they still ultimately rely on steam for the final output? | [
"Because it's pretty much the most efficient way we have of converting heat into usable energy."
] | [
"The pools would have to be huge in order to have a useful output. In theory you could scale up the technology, but like solar power plants, a very large amount of surface area would be required to input enough energy into the system. In short, it is cheaper and easier to use traditional desalination plants."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why does written Vietnamese use the Latin alphabet? What did they use before it was introduced? | [
"Vietnam, before it was Vietnam, was called \"French Indo-China\", because it was owned and run by the French. The Vietnamese got their alphabet from them. Before that, they used a variation on Chinese characters called \"Chũ-Nom\". [Here's a manual on how to read Chu-Nom in Chu Nom](_URL_0_)."
] | [
"Western influence. Some languages have independently invented their own versions of various punctuation. For example, there are several different variations of the period. However, Western influence is causing some cultures to forego their traditional full-stop mark for the period as we know it in English. For som... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Language and Translation:"
} |
Why is it pronounced "Gubernatorial?" It's not like they're running for "Gubernor." | [
"Both words derived from Latin word \"*gubernare*\", but gubernatorial is a much newer word and was a direct derivation of the original Latin word while the word *governor* is much older and made a detour at Old French's *governeor* before becoming English *governor*."
] | [
"There are a few regional variations in pronunciation. WA sounds the weirdest to my Newsouthwelshman ears, every rounded... Melbournians pronounce \"Castle\", C'aa'stle, we pronounce it C'ar'stle... Northern Queenslanders 'drawl' ELI5: Australia is a big place. regional variations in pronunciation are normal."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How do Starbucks pay it forward chains work? | [
"By the time you get to the window, the guy behind you has most likely already made his order. So you say to the barista \"Hey, can you actually add his order to my check?\" The barista complies with your request, and then you pay for it. When the guy pulls up to the window, the barista tells him the check has alr... | [
"After you respond, be sure to ask, \"How do you see the company changing over that timespan?\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how come after orgasm, I'm not horny anymore? | [
"Hormones! This is commonly referred to as the refractory period. _URL_0_ The amount of oxytocin your body creates will determine how long that period is (Some men have a nonexistent refractory period)"
] | [
"I'm the same way. Even when I masturbate- when I finish, I don't want anything to do with me."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How can I convince people that Beats headphones aren't what they're cracked up to be, without sounding like a pompous know-it-all? When in reality, you can get a pair of 60 dollar headphones equal to, or better quality. | [
"The easiest way ive explained this to people is to have them try the beats, and then try the comparable headphones, they wont be able to tell the difference."
] | [
"Any pair of studio monitors will sound better than most headphones. If your headphones sounds better than your speakers, you probably don't have very nice speakers. That's just me though, I'm sure there are folks that prefer headphones."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What exactly is the FBI trying to find in the raid on Michael Cohen's office and what are they going to do with what they find? | [
"The news that's come out about the raid indicate that the FBI is investigating campaign finance violations relating to payments made to Stormy Daniels and possibly others. That's all the detail we have that's been reported so far; the FBI doesn't usually reveal a whole lot of information until an investigation con... | [
"Mueller investigation is into any potential ties between Donald trump or his campaign and Russia. Its important because the absolute worst case scenario trump enlisted the help of Russia to put him in the oval office. This would mean he is compromised and could not be acting in the best interest of the American pe... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How are Vicks Vaporub and Methamphetamine the same chemical formula, but one clears your sinuses while the other clears your bank account? | [
"This happens for a lot of complex molecules, it's not the chemical formula that matter, it's the *shape* of the molecule. And when you're talking about proteins, the shape is often the only thing that matters. Look up protein folding for example. As an example, cells have receptors that match a specific shape (a \... | [
"If you drink coffee every day to wake yourself up in the morning, you will eventually become addicted. How would this contribute to you becoming addicted to alcohol, tobacco or methamphetamines? They're completely different drugs with different effects, different feelings and, most importantly, different chemistry... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why if I go to bed a 2am do I have an easier time getting up than if I go to bed at 10? | [
"You're probably hitting your sleep cycles correctly at wakeup time. You may find going to bed at 11 instead of 10 may be helpful, as most tend to have a 3 hour sleep cycle"
] | [
"In my experience going to bed early and laying awake till the time I would normally go to sleep causes me to have a less restful sleep. When I go to bed at my regular time and fall asleep at my regular time I feel more rested Assume I fell asleep at 11 p.m. in both cases but wen to bed at 8 p.m. and tossed for two... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Sleep and its effects on the body:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Sleep and its effects on the body:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is antialiasing graphically intensive? | [
"I'm no expert and AFAIK there are some different types of AA, but it's not as simple as adding a blur (and either ways, a blur is still an extra filter that you'd be applying over the image, so it would be more intensive than no AA) The one kind of AA that I know is that it samples the pixels around the edges of s... | [
"How do you pour water from a big bucket to a small bottle? With a funnel. Funnel is a software or hardware scaler. Scaler remaps pixels to different resolution so content fits on your display. When you downscale the scaler could use for example pixel binning or line skipping (both bad for quality but fast) or sup... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is a mortgage? A reverse mortgage? | [
"A mortage is just a loan for a house or other piece of real estate. It is similar to a car loan except that it is usually for a much higher amount. They are generally for 15 or 30 years (because they are often for hundreds of thousands of dollars) and have an interest rate between 3% and 6%. A reverse mortage is s... | [
"Fees By loaning out the money that customers invest By establishing a relationship that may lead to a car loan, mortgage, or wealth management services later on."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How were the laser effects done in the original Star Wars trilogy? | [
"Rotoscoping is the correct answer. Rotoscoping is defined as any technique whereby animation is created on top of live footage, either with the intention to replace it entirely or to integrate it into the original shot. The technology we use to achieve this in modern day filmmaking is different from the techniques... | [
"Personally, my question would be more along the lines of \"why were the original Star Wars movies considered to be so good?\" They had awful scenes and dumb humor throughout. The greatest thing about Star Wars IMO was the universe it created. Jedi, lightsabers, space travel, all amazing. However, breaking it down... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why do China and India have such large populations compared to the rest of the world? | [
"short answer, because birth rate > > > > > death rate. long answer, china and indian are very rural/poor in many areas, and rural/poor people tend to have more children. it also could be due to historical factors such as china having 4000 years of recorded history. and/or no signifcant diseases that wiped out a l... | [
"Because our country is so wealthy even the poor are pretty well off compared to the middle class in most other countries."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
why do so many people hate Obama? The economy is back up and unemployment is down? What has he done wrong? | [
"I live in the south. While I can see many of us (Gen X'ers and younger mostly, myself included) are making a real effort to make up for our horribly racist past, let's face it...some of the \"old guard\" ideas are still very much in play. I heard way too many times after Obama was first elected \"that ______ is go... | [
"President Obama has done the best he can with what he has been given. Truthfully any democrat would have done about as well as him in the 1st 100 days. But Americans are impatient, so he has been struggling with a republican congress. He gets high marks for getting bin laden, come on, who saw that one coming? But... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
- Why are sporting events such as boxing matches on Pay Per View while events such as the NBA Finals and the Super Bowl widely televised? | [
"Fans of a team in a team sport can watch it play dozens of times per season, but fans of a professional boxer can only see him fight a few times a year. So boxing has to make *all* its viewership money on a few big-ticket fights per year while team sports can have seasonal TV packages. Even the big fights don't at... | [
"I believe that it is because this weekend was the first weekend of the NFL playoffs. With Nfl playoff games on both Saturday and Sunday afternoon and evening that they didn't want to compete with that. Placing the game on a Monday night does not compete with the Nfl. Also many football fans are used to watching Mo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How private prisons make money. | [
"They charge the government a set rate per inmate for the cost of running the prison, which includes a profit margin."
] | [
"Crony capitalism allows internet providers to jack up prices."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
If I have an eyelash in my eye and blink and it's gone where does it go? Do I have a build up of junk behind my eyeballs? | [
"Junk can't get behind your eyeballs barring trauma, there's a membrane preventing that. In general material is flushed from your eyes by tears and/or blinking action."
] | [
"Because our eyelids are thin. Pull your t-shirt over your head and stare at a light bulb. Now drop a phone book on your face and look at the same light bulb. Phone book thicker than t-shirt, hand thicker than eyelid. If my 5 year old ever asks me this I'll send him back."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Science:"
} |
How I can hate my appearance and current health state at night before bed, and think of all the ways I can change, and then literally the next day, not care until the following night. | [
"you might not get this, and other people have very valid explanations of what to do, but what i'd strongly suggest is setting some time aside to meditate. self-hatred feeds on itself and its a slippery slope all the way down. try to focus on things that made you feel good on a particular day, small or big doesn't ... | [
"Part of it probably has to do with how easy it is to get amped about doing something that you don't want to do, later. You know you're going to sleep, and you don't have to change you're life just quite yet or at least till the morning. So it's easier to get motivated to \"do something tomorrow\" than it is to mot... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Sleep and its effects on the body:"
} |
Why should I hate the 1%? | [
"You shouldn't hate them, people who do are just jealous. I'm not saying they don't have unfair advantages; I'm just saying if you were given the choice you'd be rich too."
] | [
"Why in God's name would a 5 year old want to know about Quantum Gravity?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
What happens when a heroin addict is shot and goes into kidney failure/coma/something like that? Assuming no one knows he is a heroin addict. Will he go through withdrawal? How do doctors diagnose something like that? How do they treat it along with treating the gunshot wound? | [
"Heroin and other opiate withdrawals are not deadly (such as alcohol or benzodiazepines). I assume the massive amount of either painkillers or benzodiazapines the hospital would have you on following a serious gunshot wound would completely satisfy your body's craving for any heroin/opiates"
] | [
"The Doctor's essentially give you anesthesia to make you go to sleep and keep you asleep. This is generally done for people who have suffered severe trauma; such as severe burns, several broken bones, head injuries, etc. In order to reduce pain, aid healing and just make everything more smooth. There are many of t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What happens when system32 is deleted? | [
"> what happens to the computer Nothing at all will happen to the computer, your installation of windows may stop working though and you'll need to either repair or reinstall it."
] | [
"It does not load services and non critical drivers. If something with one of them is broken, corrupt, or infected with a virus, it allows the computer to function so you can fix it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How do insurance companies gain profit? | [
"By giving away less money than they charge. It's as simple as that. They charge you for the risk you wish to cover, and it's reasonably certain that over a long period you will spend more on insurance than you will ever receive in payouts. Obviously some people will go the other way, but they'll be in the minority... | [
"Benefits to a private insurance company: * Everyone must enroll Downsides to a private insurance company: * At least 80% of all premiums in the individual market (85% in small group) must be paid to medical providers (leaving only 20%/15% for admin/profit) * New taxes on the insurance companies * Earlier filing de... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
When hackers steal money, where do they send the money? | [
"Different hackers will do different things, I'm sure, but the cases I hear about are more about credit card fraud than redirecting funds. Hackers will get credit card numbers with codes and use those to purchase things. The cases I know about involved buying sporting goods and gift cards, presumably because they a... | [
"Laws in Switzerland mean banks do not have to give personal information to police or government upon request. So a lot of criminals put their illegally made money into a Swiss bank account knowing the Police will never be able to find out who owns the account or how much money is in it or where the money came from... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If protests rarely work why do thousands of people protest? | [
"The idea that \"protests never work\" is flawed. Hell, civil rights in America came largely from \"protests\". Sometimes it's the only option people have to fight entrenched systems"
] | [
"If they didn't block streets or highways, would you ever pay attention to them??? It gets them noticed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does older furniture hold up so well when modern furniture seems to break in a few years? | [
"The modern furniture you're seeing is cheap modern furniture. There's modern furniture that holds up well, but it costs a lot more. Why wasn't there cheap furniture years ago? There was. But you don't see it any more, because none of it survived to this day -- *because it was cheap*."
] | [
"There are a couple reasons. Furniture in general has a large profit margin. As far as furniture goes mattresses are probably the easiest to sell as just about everyone has one, and they get replaced more frequently than other furniture items, and mattresses are always one of the top comments when a thread comes up... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why do people ask for advice, yet get angry when it's given? | [
"Many times the advice isn't what we want to hear, and humans have a strong bias in favor of information that agrees with what we already know. That's also why politics and religion can be so divisive."
] | [
"Just because it isn't next month, does that mean that I can't ask for honest help on this right now? Also, neither of these responses are helpful in any way, shape, or form, which is the purpose of this subreddit. People ask questions; other people give answers. If you don't want to be helpful, then don't respond.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does China feel the need to censor the internet? | [
"The CCP is ultra sensitive to criticism and the power of technology to cause disruption. They pragmatically understand that they need to keep a lid on dissent. The lesson they learned form Tiananmen Square was that free association and unfettered access to information would be bad for their regime - and in their v... | [
"Why do people in Western countries use forks?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What would happen if the president divorced the first lady? | [
"The First Lady is not a legally-defined position, so it would in theory be just like any other divorce. Under the law as it currently stands, she would not be automatically entitled to Secret Service protection though the President could and probably would request it for her just as a security measure. In terms of... | [
"They contact the president and he puts it up on the fridge."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Abductive, Inductive and Deductive Reasoning? | [
"**Deductive reasoning** is where you draw specific conclusions from a set of general principles. If I know that all dogs have tails, and my friend has a dog, I can deduce that my friend's dog has a tail. **Inductive reasoning** is sort of the opposite, where you come to a general conclusion based on a set of facts... | [
"Side 1 - For Vaccines: -Science Side 2 - Against Vaccines: -Paranoid idiocy"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is it that we laugh more when we watch a movie with others than we do when we watch the movie alone? | [
"Laughing is primarily a social signal that is used to indicate solidarity with others. If we are laughing along with other people, it indicates to them that we are similar to them (because the laugh shows that we like the same things). Robert Provines is a psychologist who has studied laughter and found that peopl... | [
"That sounds like a personal issue. I know many people who watch movies repeatedly. What you may be getting at though is the fact that for a movie or a TV show you essentially have to shut out the rest of the world to watch it. Listening to music takes less of your attention and it's easier to do other things while... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Psychology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Psychology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is "scientific whaling" | [
"The big data point collected has to do with whale feeding habits, and whale ecology in general. By sampling the population, Japanese researchers have collected a large amount of data about whale feeding, and more broadly about the availability of krill and where the line is between underpopulation and overpopulati... | [
"You might need to define what you mean by \"informal empire\"."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does the cuban government tolerate guantanamo on their territory? Especially if one considers their bad relations in the past. | [
"Cuba had been trying to get independence from Spain for most of the late 19th Century. As part of the Spanish-American War, the US encouraged them to rebel. After the war, the US controlled Cuba and considered annexing it, but instead installed a government and constitution friendly to the US. One of the early agr... | [
"This is the reason there is such a debate surrounding the cuban embargo. On one hand it hurts both countries (well the cigar smoking demographic of the US, which is me). But on the other hand weakening against Cuba, make america look like we no longer are a very anti-communist country. Also while they are making... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how do we know the taste of highly poisonous substances? Or do we have no idea about it? | [
"\"Highly poisonous\" is a broad category. If it's so poisonous that once you taste it, even if you spit it out, you're dead, then the taste wouldn't matter to help prevent you from dying. On the other hand, if it's deadly only if swallowed, but you won't die if you taste it and spit it out, then standard evolution... | [
"Ugh, water always makes such off-color jokes! In all seriousness, because our taste buds don't need to taste it. Or, to look at it another way, because water is a carrier of taste, so if it's pure enough, there's nothing *to* taste."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
The Occupy Wall Street protests. | [
"Have you tried searching before posting this? This has been asked a dozen times, and some of those answers might be helpful."
] | [
"Because curfew happens when State of emergency declared."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Isn't lobbying just a legalized form of corruption? | [
"Lobbying is trying to convince elected officials to change the laws (or not change them) in a way that is beneficial to your interests. Not only is that not corruption, but the right to petition for a redress of grievances is so important that it's right there in the First Amendment, along with freedom of the pres... | [
"Donations to a politician's election campaign are not kickbacks, bribes, or any other sort of illegal transaction."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How come mosquitoes are useless to the ecosystem as a whole? | [
"No, eliminating anything could have potential impact. What has been found with mosquitos so far is that we don't know of any serious impact on any ecosystem that wouldn't be filled by other species. That doesn't mean there isn't one, just that we don't know of one. As far as other parasites go, some very peacefull... | [
"Yes, it teaches you to stay the hell away from mosquitoes, the single deadliest animal on Earth for humans."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How does oil lubricate an engine without combusting or contaminating the fuel? | [
"The fuel is sprayed into the cylinders, where it mixes with air, is compressed, combusted and then evacuated out. Engine oil is not put directly into the cylinders. It gets pumped and directed to just about all of the other internal components though. What separates the inside of the cylinder from the rest of th... | [
"If you have some petrol in your car and put diesel in it, it will start but smoke heavily through the exhaust. Damage will not be great to the engine though. However, if you fill in an empty tank of a petrol car with diesel fuel it will never start. If you've ever compared gasoline to diesel fuel, you know that th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why doesn't everybody come together and vote third party? | [
"People are afraid of wasting their vote on a candidate who won't get many votes, and thus cannot win. It's one of those situations where everyone stands in a circle and says \"I'll vote 3rd party if you do\", and the other person says \"I promise I will. Together we can make a difference!\" Then everyone secretly ... | [
"They won't, that's why they're bringing them back online amid protests."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How do scientists make wildlife population estimates? | [
"They'll take a certain environment that an animal exists in. Then they'll take a section of that environment and try to track/record the number of that animal that exists in that section. They'll multiply that recorded number in the section by how that section compares to the total area of that environment (the se... | [
"What they eat, how active they are, where they live and millions of other factors go into the texture and taste of meat."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do Americans feel the need to remake British TV shows? | [
"The same reason British television tries to adapt American tv shows. For example: In With The Flynn's(Grounded For life), Brighton Belle's(Golden Girls), Love By You(Mad About You), Nobody's Perfect(Maude), Upper Hand(Who's The Boss), Days like These(That 70's Show), Married for Life(Married with Children) and so ... | [
"Because they're different. Why do UK late night talk shows only air once a week?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How do cranes get up to higher floors when tall buildings? And then how do they get down? | [
"_URL_0_ Simply put, the crane builds itself as it needs to, and tears itself apart as it needs to. It is immensely fascinating to watch (hence why the link is in the beginning). To give it more like an ELI5. The crane is modular, so you can add pieces to the tower as you need, or remove pieces from the tower. As ... | [
"Because engineers have anchored it. They drove a ton of steel piles into the ground and connected them to the tower with steel cables. It won't fall any time soon. With enough money, material and care, anything can stand forever."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are chemicals in glowsticks considered harmful, but the ones in a glow in the dark wristband are not? | [
"To say it in one breath: Glow-in-the-dark items react against previous exposure to light, whereas glow sticks rely on the chemical reaction of mixing two prepackaged chemicals. That's why you have to \"break\" glow sticks in order to mix the two otherwise separately stored chemicals."
] | [
"Think of the dye they use to turn beer green for St. Patrick’s Day. It’s food grade, safe for consumption. They don’t dye the River using industrial textile dyes that are toxic."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How can some criminals show their face on television, and then still come back for a second season? | [
"I believe it's because you cannot prove that what they're doing is actually creating illegal products. It's similar to how you see videos of famous musicians or artists smoking marijuana but they never get prosecuted for doing it. It's also similar to when you watch true life on MTV and those people do harder drug... | [
"There are probably more... but if you committed a crime, why would you want to broadcast your crime all over the internet?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Law and Entertainment:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Law and Entertainment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why do different colors evoke certain emotions in people? (e.g. red and anger, yellow and hunger) | [
"They don't, by-and-large. It's a cultural myth that colors alter moods or cognitive function in any meaningful way outside of the placebo effect. Red is \"anger and hate\" in the USA (due to anti-communist propaganda, most likely), \"joy and luck\" in China, \"love and passion\" in Russia (and many cultures that ... | [
"Because they either use hues (digital editing) or colored lights. Some hues like sepia tells the viewer that it's situated in old times. I've also noticed that it's for some reason used a lot when something is located in Mexico. Color is an easy way to convey emotion like blue giving cold and unwelcoming vibes, re... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does hot water soothe a bug bite? | [
"It seems to be linked to the nervous response. There are a number of different ideas out there. One claims that it's a process of denaturing proteins that would cause the itch. But that explanation wouldn't portray very good proteins. We would have proteins failing every time we take a shower. Another c... | [
"It will cause water to try and leave the bacterial cell. If the cell loses too much water too quickly, it will die. This is also why it hurts so damn bad to get salt in an open cut."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
What makes people lazy? Were people lazy while living in the wild? | [
"I think there is a HUGE distinction between \"lazy\" and conservation of energy. My dogs lay around the house all day and do very little. That is nature's conservation of energy. In nature, the animal conserves energy for the sudden bursts needed for self defense or capturing food. Lazy, IMO, is a more developed c... | [
"Natives. Literally. If we look at the bible as a semi-historical text, it goes back a few thousand years. People started migrating over the Land Bridge into North America from Asia before that. Meaning that while David fought Goliath, Geronima was chasing the buffalo. While Moses led the Jews out of Egypt, Sacagaw... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Do different Satan names mean different things? | [
"Some of them have been mashed together into one generalized \"bad guy\". In older versions of the Old Testament there were passages that described them as gods worshiped by tribes in conflict with Israel."
] | [
"It has a few different meanings in different contexts. What setting are we talking about?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about finance:"
} |
How do stomach acids & enzymes break down foods exactly enough to be useful nutrients and amino acids, but not enough to break *those* down into unusable molecules and elements? | [
"Because although acid is necessary for the reactions to take place efficiently, food digestion is actually driven by enzymes, catalysts that facilitate specific reactions and not others. Digestive enzymes facilitate the breakdown of proteins to amino acids and complex carbohydrates to sugars, but they do not facil... | [
"Hot food is more nutritious and healthy to eat. There's two reasons for this. It kills bacteria, minimizing the risk of infection. Cooking food also denatures proteins or breaks down macromolecules into components that are easier for our body to break down and use. We aren't able to digest everything due to our bo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
What happens to deceased soldiers that are left behind after a battle? | [
"For Marines we are trained to leave no man behind and many Marines have gone back and drug the bodies of the fallen into friendly territory. Also there is some respect paid to the dead and allowing retirval from both side, not always the case and some never return. This is what the POW/MIA is about. Since there is... | [
"It's mainly just a respect thing. War leaves a lot of dead bodies that no one can identify. I think the British or the French started the tradition around WW1."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are there faces carved into Mount Rushmore? Who are these figures and what must they have achieved in order to be put on there? | [
"Washington - first president Jefferson - drafted the Declaration of Independence Roosevelt - major reformist, set up national parks and other big deals Lincoln - freed the slaves All four were very significant presidents. *edit-* Theodore (Teddy) Roosevelt also set up the country to come out of the great depressio... | [
"Currency used to be an indicator of a region's sovereignty, and asking the people of that region to use the currency used by another region was akin to telling them they'd been conquered. Only important people had their faces on coins, to remind you who was in charge. Using someone else's coins with someone else's... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why are there different names being used for ISIS (e.g. ISIS, ISIL, or IS)? | [
"Because ISIS stands for Islamic State of Iraq and Syria. ISIL stands for Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. And IS just means Islamic State. Different ways of saying the same thing."
] | [
"The entire campaign (over 10 years or so) in Iraq cost the us around $1.7 Trillion. $5.6 billion is comparatively small for a mission there. The troops are going to be sent in to help fight against ISIS (or IS, or ISIL, take your pick) which has taken over parts of Iraq."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is P2P network? I know it has already been answered here but I still don't get some basic things. Details below. | [
"What you're asking for is called [IP routing](_URL_0_) and is one of the fundamental structure of the internet as we know it today. The basics of it is everything with an ethernet or WiFi adapter keeps a routing table which tells them if I want to access X address, send the packet to Y because he know how to get t... | [
"First, I want to say it is refreshing to see a true ELI5 worthy question, ELI5 is for discussion of complex ideas at a lower level, not a general \"I wonder\" forum. I, for one, cannot answer your question directly, but since it has been asked before, please take a look at this thread and let us know if that expl... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage about Mathematics:"
} |
How is The Pirate Bay still up and running when all the founders are in prison? | [
"To answer the latter part of your question: a little while back TPB moved to a highly distributed cloud architecture. You can't confiscate a server that doesn't physically exist, and thanks to the way they designed the system nobody knows which cloud providers are actually hosting the servers (not even the provide... | [
"Any authority is much, much more likely to go after the host of the stream rather than an individual user who watches it. Legal? No, it's not. Going to get you into trouble? Unlikely."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is the purpose of pre-cum? | [
"It also \"cleans the tubes\" before sex, adjusts the PH for the little swimmers, and keeps them from gumming things up on the way."
] | [
"What do you mean by the 'earliest breeds'?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do baseball players catch an inbounded ball with their ungloved hand without breaking their hand? | [
"I don't know anything about baseball, but I can answer in terms of cricket, where the ball is slightly heavier, harder and fielders don't have any gloves. Essentially when you catch the ball, you're not (supposed to be) stopping the ball dead, you allow the momentum to carry your hand(s) back slightly, or you alre... | [
"Lefties wear their gloves on their right hand. When you're standing on first base facing home plate, your right hand is on the second base side, and your left hand is near the foul line. If you're a lefty, that means any throw coming from the field is slightly quicker - because they don't have to throw quite as fa... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do most musicians wear black when performing? | [
"I think the idea is so that you focus on the music, and not what the artist is wearing. This makes particular sense for backup performers because you don't want the audience's attention drawn away from the main performer."
] | [
"Different, but not too different. That's the golden rule. That's why you aren't attracted to trees, for example."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about biology:"
} |
What is ShadowBanning | [
"Shadow banning in general means someone is banned in a way that either other people can't verify/notice someone is banned, or the subject of the ban won't ever be notified/notice. Or both. On reddit it means the former as far as I know, though I could be wrong."
] | [
"Using reddit search I found: ELI5: Jehovah's Witnesses _URL_0_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
The difference between mass and weight | [
"Your mass is a given quantity regardless of where you are. Its how much \"stuff\" you are made of. Weight is how gravity acts on your mass so you weigh less on the moon because there is less gravity but your mass is the same anywhere you go in the universe."
] | [
"Because it has nothing to do with mass. It is the curvature of spacetime"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Does anyone actually work "9 to 5"? If so, why doesn't the company require the employee to put in 40 hours of work each week? | [
"Paid lunches are a real thing you know."
] | [
"Saves the company money by paying people 8 hours when they actually clocked in at 7:57 and out at 4:03. It's only 6 minutes a day, but that's over 26 *hours* a year. Per employee. Also removes the incentive for employees to intentionally do this to game the clock."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What is wifi and how does it magically give my device access to the internet? | [
"Electronic waves. According to the frequency (high or low) your computer interprets it as an open or closed signal (1 or 0). From then on it's just binary programming."
] | [
"Bluetooth and WiFi both use radio waves to communicate between devices. Bluetooth doesn't go very far and it tends to be used to connect two devices that are both yours. WiFi goes farther and it tends to be used to give portable devices access to the Internet. So you'd more likely use Bluetooth to connect your ear... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If you lose one of your five senses, do the others actually grow stronger, and if they do how is that possible? | [
"It's not that the senses get stronger in an absolute sense. Someone who is blind doesn't gain the ability to hear sounds that would be too soft for a sighted person. It's a matter of attention and processing in the brain. A blind person may notice the soft sound that a sighted person would ignore because of how so... | [
"There is a complex, scientific way to explain it, but I'll just go the simple route. Essentially, your heightened sense of awareness makes you take in more information than you normally would, hence creating the illusion that time is actually slowing down."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does carbon and isotopic dating work? | [
"Carbon dating works for things that were once alive, but then died. There is a special kind of carbon called Carbon-14 that is short lived (in historical terms) but gets constantly created in our atmosphere. Basically as long as something is alive and breathing it keeps a constant level of this carbon-14. Once it ... | [
"Well, that show was wrong. Dinosaurs died out 65 million years ago. But they use a combination of techniques, including radiometric dating, examination of geological position, and comparisons to other fossils. One common radiometric dating method is to check the levels of Uranium and Lead in a sample, which can gi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Astronomy:"
} |
What is the Bilderberg? | [
"It's a group of some of the most infuental people in the world (bankers, politics, CEOs, etc) that pretty much nothing is known about publicly. It supposedly works like a club, with occasional meetings with discussions covering various crucial economical and sociological issues. The lack of media coverage for the ... | [
"Only if the federal government let it. See: American Civil War"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is SARS that killed 299 people an epidemic and a new type of flue that can kill up to 500 not an epidemic? | [
"An epidemic is when it effects more people than usual. That's all the word means."
] | [
"It has a very high kill rate (above 70%?), but it's also pretty hard to spread (mostly just through bodily fluids). So it's far more containable. I wouldn't lose any sleep over it at the moment. I'm much more afraid of something airborn, like a 1918-esque strain of the flu. Ebola will kill a few Americans here and... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about News and current events:"
} |
How/Why does curling ribbon with scissors work? | [
"According to /r/askscience, you're deforming the polymers. _URL_0_ _URL_2_ _URL_1_"
] | [
"Not an expert, but my wild guess would be that metal and ceramics absorb heat, plastics don't."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is there little to no homeless belonging to Asian descent in the US? | [
"You may not be in an area with a large Asian population. I live in the Bay Area in California and I see many homeless Asian people."
] | [
"> cultural differences There are plenty of cultural differences between the East coast and the West coast."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How does the religious-right in the U.S. reconcile the peaceful teachings of Jesus vs. supporting pro-war candidates? | [
"Clearly you missed the Old Testament where God was positively genocidal. But more importantly, religion is typically more of a justification than a motivation for such behaviors. Religious teachings are nearly infinitely mutable to match the desired position. \"Do not suppose that I have come to bring peace to the... | [
"The Democratic and Republican parties are often described as the \"left\" and the \"right\", respectively. One of the major factions in the Republican party are socially conservative Christians who believe the government should follow religion-based morals such as no gay rights, no abortion and no scientific \"the... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do dehumidifiers work | [
"Humidity is moisture (water vapor) in the air. The amount of water that the air can hold is related to temperature—hotter air can hold more water. If you cool down the air, it can't hold as much water, so the water has to turn back into a liquid and condense out of the air. If you've ever seen water condensing on ... | [
"It's often dry, and dusty because nobody cleans the vents. Both problems can be alleviated with a humidifier."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do animals avoid inbreeding in the wild? | [
"Exact way varies by species. For example lions, elephants, and others often drive away the males from the family group. Then during breeding time, generally only the dominant male in the area has the opportunity to breed with the group. This reduces the odds of inbreeding. More importantly, it reduces the odds of ... | [
"From the standpoint of evolution, the more you can diversify DNA in reproduction, the better. The opposite of inbreds, so to speak."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
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