query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
When it smells like rain, what am I actually smelling? | [
"Most likely [petrichor](_URL_0_), the smell of rain on dry soil. If it's a thunderstorm, it could also be ozone, which forms when the lightning essentially fuses oxygen together."
] | [
"Molecules from it break off and float around in the air. Your nose picks them up, and your olfactory center \"reads\" them. Yes this means exactly what you think it means, when you smell poo."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How cloud storage systems (email, Google drive, Onedrive) don't run out of storage | [
"The very simple answer is that they can always add mode storage as usage grows. Same way you can add storage to your home system."
] | [
"An online application can easily have its features restricted in various ways while a desktop application is (mostly) an all-or-nothing affair. They want to sell businesses on the professional versions of the online service that give people more space to store documents & better abilities to share & collaborate wi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
If planets like Neptune emit light, why do they have a "dark side" facing away from the Sun? | [
"The amount of light they emit is incredibly small, compared to what comes in from the sun. It's also primarily in the infra-red part of the spectrum, so human eyes can't detect it."
] | [
"The moon probably used to rotate more independently, but the gravity of earth has tidally locked it so that it only rotates once per revolution. The Earth could become tidally locked to the moon, but it would take so much time, the sun would burn out before that happened. It's also mostly referred to as the far si... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why don't we visit the Moon any more? | [
"There's not all that much on the moon. Even originally, a big driving force behind the manned landings was the political race against the Soviet Union. Without that, the massive cost would have been much harder to bear. Nowadays, if we wanted to go back we'd almost certainly send robotic probes. This is vastly che... | [
"If there had been, we probably wouldn't know about it, would we?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What does "Installing" on a computer actually do? | [
"1. It copies the files to the correct location. Sometimes, different files for the same program have to be in different locations. 2. It checks if all of the shared components it needs are installed, copies the files over if they aren't, and registers the ones it copied over with the operating system so it knows i... | [
"> Is there anything more to it? Turn left."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do we have to get a commercial driver license to drive a bus or semi, but not motor homes, which are almost just as large? | [
"1. You don't have paying customers on a motor home (typically, your family won't sue you if you're in an accident like a load of paying customers on a bus). 2. It's the \"almost\" part that makes it legal. There has to be some size limit, and so they build right up to that limit, which I believe is something like ... | [
"They're required to be under a certain weight so they don't damage the roads, which are only rated to carry a certain amount of weight. Weight limits also apply for safety of the truck and other drivers on the road. If they're overweight, they're likely fined."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How do so many airlines stay afloat in America? | [
"The country is very large, with the cities so far apart that train service is too slow. So people want to fly a lot. The country is immensely wealthy, with a GDP per person of well over $50,000 per year, and hundreds of million of people. So a lot of people can afford to fly."
] | [
"They are cheap, they save the airline money. They are light, they save the airline money. They keep for a long time, they save the airline money. Seeing a pattern here?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When I use my debit card at McDonald's, I don't need to enter my pin or sign. Why do I sometimes have to enter my pin and sometimes have to sign? | [
"If they run your debit card as if it were a credit card transaction, they don't need you to enter your pin. And often, for smaller transactions, stores feel that the time spent on getting the customer's signature on a credit card transaction isn't worth it, since while the customer could protest the charge and go ... | [
"Where do you live? I've had two chip credit cards for probably three years now. They work the same way as a debit card does. Rarely if the teller machine is old they might require a signature."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
What has happened in Syria the past ten years? | [
"This may get buried, but I really hope it gets noticed. This is an answer to your question posted on Reddit a month ago by a person living in Syria _URL_0_"
] | [
"Going back in time and preventing the Libyan Revolution is probably the only way to create peace within the next decade."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Cologne, After shave, deodorant? ? | [
"Cologne is how perfume is marketed for men. Aftershave is for preventing infections after shaving. It may have ingredients that numb skin a bit (so it doesn't hurt that much) and almost all have some fragrance. Deodorant is for killing body odour caused by bacteria that eats sweat. Antiperspirant is a type of deo... | [
"Coke: Can Dr Pepper: Bottle Barq's (Root Beer): Bottle Mountain Dew: Can Source- Caffeine Addict"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why have humans evolved to need omega fats from fish if not all previous civilizations had access to fish? | [
"Omega fats are not derived just from fish. While fish definitely has a lot of omega fats, they're also found in other foods. _URL_0_"
] | [
"Pure carnivores, like cats, typically eat the stomachs of their prey, contents and all. Also, humans don't need to eat vegetables if they are willing to eat organ meat as well as muscles. For example, the liver of animals is typically rich in vitamin C (as well as A). Raw calf liver has about the same vitamin C co... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how does the new internet bill that Reddit hates so much work? Will I actually be able to call and request any person's web history? How will companies take advantage of this? | [
"No, definitely not. Basically, companies can collect data on you either to sell or for their own use. Other companies can buy this data. It helps them get insight in trends for their users. While good for the business, that means your personal life is being used for monetary gain. That's what happens with grocery ... | [
"Well if they do not comply to what the government wants, the Country can just block that ISP, and no one will be able to access that site, without a form of a proxy. I believe Google, as a search engine, is not in China for that exact reason."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How is it large herbivores such as cattle, moose and deer can grow so large on a diet of only grass? | [
"Hervibores have a specialized digestive system that helps them acquire much more nutrients from those food sources that would just pass through our own digestive tract untouched. Also, all they do while they're awake is either eat or look for stuff to eat."
] | [
"They have much larger intestinal systems, which let them break down cellulose in plant cells and use the proteins inside. There's still not massive amounts of protein, which is why they have to spend so much of their time eating"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
why do flies rub their front legs together? | [
"Flies really really want their feet to stay clean. They're wiping dust and gunk off of their legs."
] | [
"Here are a few ways to tell the two apart: 1. When butterflies land on something, their wings will be up vertically; moth wings will be flat horizontally 2. Butterflies are usually active during the day, while moths are more active at night There are some exceptions to this rule, but for the most part it works"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What differs when looking at an untrained runner compared to a well trained one? | [
"As for stamina, there are a couple things I can point out: heart and lung conversion efficiency, as those who do aerobic exercise more often will get more oxygen into their blood per breath, and for long-distance runners, the mental fortitude to pass \"the wall,\" which is the burning sensation you get in your mus... | [
"So what is it about human physiology that makes this work differently for us?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
What raw materials/ingredients are used to make antidepressants. | [
"The process of synthesizing a medication starts with some commercially available reagent which is acted on in various ways to create the desired molecule. What that initial reagent depends entirely on the drug in question. For example, citalopram, a widely used antidepressant, can be synthesized out of 5-bromoptha... | [
"* the expiration date usually reflect the time it takes for the contents of the bottle to go bad, sometimes due to the breakdown of the plastic * recycling plastics aren't always suitable for their original purposes, plastic in bottles is often used to make synthetic fibers..."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why DON'T we kill off mosquitos? | [
"Here's an idea. When we remove an organism from an ecosystem, we don't know what will show up to fill that niche. What if it's something worse than mosquitoes?"
] | [
"Are you saying we should be more racist towards cats?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What is Bio Chemistry, and what do Bio Chemists do? | [
"Biochemistry is, simply put, the study of the chemical reactions that underlie biological systems. Think of the way proteins are formed, or how glucose is broken down into ATP. Besides academic study and aid of related fields like pharmacology, biochemistry has a lot of industrial applications nowadays, such as th... | [
"People that fund research: A Company looking to make a product, Universities, The Government in General, The Military in Specific, NASA in Specific, and people who donate to research funds."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How do distressing events or trauma lead to PTSD and other disorders? | [
"I’ll use my personal situation as an example. After you see something horrible something just clicks in your head. For me it was seeing a 12 year old burned beyond recognition, dragging a man out of a fire and putting my mask on his face to breathe and his face come off in my mask, doing cpr on a 1 month old baby ... | [
"Not diagnostically. You’re depressed if you meet all the criteria in the diagnostic and statistic manual of depression. However if you have a traumatic even occur a good therapist or doctor will conduct a differential diagnosis to see if you have what is called an acute stress disorder, adjustment disorder, or pos... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
ELI 5 the plot of Inception | [
"Explained in 1 minute using [folders](_URL_0_). HD for best results."
] | [
"And to hijack this in a related way, what were the alternatives to \"America.\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do purchases made on the deep web work? | [
"They use bitcoin or similar untraceable methods to pay for things."
] | [
"How much do they cost vs how much will they generate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why is it safe to put some chemicals like hydrogen peroxide on open wounds, but not to ingest them? | [
"I was under the impression that hydrogen peroxide is no longer recommended for open wounds because it delays the healing process. Regardless, ingestion and topical use are different. Getting into the blood stream from a cut on the surface is much more difficult than going through your stomach and intestines."
] | [
"You can drink a small amount of rubbing alcohol and it's not going to hurt you. You shouldn't get into the habit of drinking rubbing alcohol, but a small amount won't do much. Alternatively, if you were to dunk an open wound into a container of alcohol and let it absorb a bottle's worth of it, you might see some ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How exactly could the Mexican Supreme Court ruling over marijuana help fight the cartels? | [
"Cartels make their money, and thereby get power, by selling illegal drugs. If the drugs become legal, then anyone can sell them, draining money from the cartels. Further, the legal sales can be taxed, bringing money back to the government, improving their situation. Further, if things like the growing and selling ... | [
"* most of the marijuana grown in Mexico is smuggled abroad, so legalization in Mexico wouldn't change much * the US really doesn't want Mexico to do that, and would use diplomatic and economic pressure to try to stop them * Mexico gets a lot of US aid for \"fighting\" drug smuggling, and doesn't want that to dry u... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What made marijuana illegal in the first place? | [
"Paper, cotton, and tobacco owners lobbied to the government to make it illegal. They did this because marijuana/hemp single handedly is better than all of the other three combined. And the owners of those businesses wanted to remain rich and powerful."
] | [
"What drugs were popular in 19th century Britain?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What makes the new credit card "chips" so much more secure if the numbers are still posted on the card as well as a magnetic strip and what prevents cloning such a card? | [
"If you simply copy the chip's output you'll find it doesn't work in the near future or ever again. The magstrip is a fixed value every time, but the chip uses a nonce to produce one-time values that the bank can verify as being the correct one, but not the rest of the world. (Well hopefully, some issuers have used... | [
"Credit cards can be \"reprogrammed\", so you could change the data that is on the magnetic stripe to anything else, you could change it from a credit card number to a message should you desire. Since it is very easy to alter the data, scammers would use any old credit card, change the data to yours, then spend it ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why, after I masturbate or have sex, do I get an extremely uncomfortable feeling in my groin that seems to last about 10-20 minutes? | [
"Yep. Know what you mean. Only seemed to happen the most after drinking. No idea what was or why it did it. 1 out of every 4 to 8 times it would happen and I had the same tube switching thought as well. Felt kinda like passing a tiny warm stone starting at the base? Sucked."
] | [
"A migraine feels like a hangover with a throbbing headache thrown in for good measure. When having one I have a lot of trouble focusing on anything and just want to shut myself in a dark room and sleep. It can last anywhere from a few hours to a few days and vary in intensity from a minor annoyance to truly debili... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why is it that when I'm suddenly tired my eyes begin to cross? | [
"For the same reason you're more likely to begin feeling cold, too. You're body is basically trying to force you to find a warm, comfortable spot and close your eyes so it can fall asleep."
] | [
"I can't speak for everyone, but in my case, when the rest of me is comfortable, my feet are freezing, and I can't sleep if my feet are cold."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How were the point amounts determined for the NFL? | [
"As far as to why extra points exist: Football and Rugby evolved from an earlier game in which what is now the \"extra point\" was the only actual point-scoring play. The team was required to touch the ball to the ground inside the end zone (which is why a \"touchdown\" is called a \"touchdown\") in order to try fo... | [
"Just a follow-up question to the original question - what about the reverse. What was Napoleon's view of the United States?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why does the jolly fat man dressed who delivers presents at Christmas get referred to as 'Santa Claus' by some, and 'Saint Nick' and 'Father Christmas' etc. by others? | [
"The Santa Claus character is based on Saint Nicholas, who was a real person. He was known for delivering gifts to less fortunate children. The name Santa Claus is derived from translations of Saint Nicholas' name in different languages. Sinterklaas (Dutch) and Sankt Nikolaus (German) show some similarity."
] | [
"In England they do say Happy Christmas. Which is odd since you'd think the word \"merry\" would have originated in Merry Olde England."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why do some countries call 911 while others call 999, 000, etc? | [
"Back when rotary phones were a thing, higher numbers took longer to dial. 999 was chosen as an emergency numbwr, but could easily be misdialed during stressful situations. When it was adopted here 911 was decided as easier number to dial. All largely irrelevant now that those phones barely exist outside of museums... | [
"Flying across Canada or the US is a greater distance than flying places within Europe. For instance New York City is 2,789 miles ( ~4488 km) from Los Angeles while London, England is only 1158 miles (~1864 km) from Rome. Another way to look at is London is closer to Newfoundland Canada than New York City is to Los... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Telecommunications:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Telecommunications:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Economics:"
} |
How can video games produce sounds from specific areas in the game? | [
"Science.meme But seriously, it’s all in just using the right balance between left and right to mimic what he hear and how we perceive direction in real life. We experience the sounds we hear all the time in stereo (i.e. out of each of our 2 ears), so it’s *relatively* straightforward to create this same effect by ... | [
"A computer can track the movements of objects in the frame and add color to them, particularly when overseen by a human operator."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do american high schools teach advanced calculus and complex numbers, but still manage to be behind countries like germany in PISA or similar tests? | [
"A big part of it is probably that the US school system may not be anywhere near as standardized as you may think. Even with a single state, school quality can vary dramatically, especially as they tend to be funded largely at the local level - so poor areas have less funding for schools than richer areas. Perform... | [
"This question seems to get asked about once a week in one form or another. To answer, the US has an education system on par with other top nations, however they also have a small number of extremely poor performing schools, mostly in poor and minority areas, which so drastically affects the overall statistics of s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
When did drinking warm milk to help sleep become popular, and why if it doesn't work? | [
"Ask any newborn if drinking warm milk help them to sleep :) They won't answer because they can't talk *but if they could* they'd probably say that it does. The oldest mention of this practice that I am aware of is in the old testament in the story of [Jael](_URL_0_). I'm sure there are probably even older referen... | [
"Why doesn't wearing blue socks make me fart? If the research says it doesn't, it doesn't. There doesn't need to be a \"why\" to explain why two things aren't related. A much better question would be, if sugar doesn't cause a rush, why have we thought it did for so long?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
why does our Brain get attached to people, things, places etc, and why do we have a strong need to find the one we love | [
"Probably all to do with our survival instincts. We can get attached to places as a way to demonstrate that it's \"our area\", and to produce offspring we adore the person that is deemed by our brain as the best mate, for healthier and stronger children. This is my biased idea, so take it for what it is."
] | [
"That is a bit biased as not everyone does. But we are a social species who have evolved to survive together and a good way to do that is to encourage individuals to seek out friends/lovers whatever you mean and to hang out with them. IT increases your chance of survival since we humans cant really survive alone in... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If lottery money goes to 'education' then why are school so bad? | [
"Not all lottery money goes to education, lotteries by themselves don't cover all the costs of schools, and the major problems with school systems have little to do with funding."
] | [
"We could. However, since as a country we already spend in excess of 950 billion a year on public education in america, and additional billion would be a drop in the bucket. It just happens that most of school funding doesn't come from the federal budget."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how is the weight that we lose excreted out of our body's? | [
"We exhale it. The fat is metabolized for energy, leaving water and CO2 as waste."
] | [
"Lets break this down a bit because the main problem is duplicate names Fats in foods are lipids, fats on you are adipose tissue. Everything you eat gets broken down into its basic blocks which get used for energy(calories). If you're consuming more calories than you burn then your body will pack some away in adipo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Trolling and troll accounts on Reddit. | [
"Trolling is making a disingenuous post design to provoke a response. It is like going to a friend and saying, \"oops, I accidentally scratched up your new car in the parking lot, sorry dude.\" then laughing at his reaction when he get upset. Trolling can be funny when it is clever, especially if you can push someo... | [
"Reddit, why do people put Reddit in the title, Reddit?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:"
} |
How did China become a permanent member of the UN Security Council? | [
"The countries considered \"victors\" of World War II were included in the permanent member. China actually played a rather significant part in World War II."
] | [
"Could the rebuilding of Japan after WWII be considered a partial colonization by the United States?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do antidepressants work? If I'm depressed about my student loan debt, how is a pill gonna make me forget about it? | [
"They're... not? You're mixing up clinical depression and being sad. Clinical depression requires being 'depressed' for an extended period of time (minimum a month, usually closer to 3) without a reasonable cause. You have a huge amount of debt and your mom died? That's not clinical depression, it's being depressed... | [
"It's a chemical imbalance. Some people just don't have enough of the right amount of chemicals in their brain so it's nearly impossible to over come that without medication to help you produce those chemicals. I've lived my entire life with depression and i don't see me just overcoming it, more just living with it... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How to navigate 4Chan | [
"If you're 5 then you probably don't want to go anywhere near 4chan..."
] | [
"How are you going to change the filter?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Joel Tenenbaum has to pay 675,000 to the RIAA for pirating 31 songs. How does an average dude pay for this kind of fine? | [
"He's not. That's the point. The RIAA is sending a message. Albeit, it's falling of deaf ears."
] | [
"Artists who sign with companies get contracts, and they get that flat fee for recording the album no matter how many/little records they sell. So no, artists don't get any of the money. Record companies are both the backbone and the bane of the music industry. Countless artists have publicly criticized their gree... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When jumpstarting your car, why do you connect the black cable to the engine block instead of the black/negative terminal? | [
"Sparks near the battery can cause hydrogen fires. Sparks near the engine block are much safer. That said, modern batteries are sealed and pretty safe, but safer is always better."
] | [
"The entire case on your battery is a ground/negative. Only the top is a positive terminal. The contact on your mod only touches the positive terminal. A coin can bridge between the positive and the case."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why does re-heating something in the microwave make it soggy, vs the oven or toaster oven? | [
"When you heat something in the oven or toaster you are directly exposing the food to heating elements that give off intense radiation and heat which stimulate all kinds of chemical reactions in the upper layers of the food, usually causing a toasting and hardening of the outermost layer. Microwaves do not work by ... | [
"The microwave doesn't heat them as evenly as the steamer in the hotdog stand does. In order to heat them enough in the microwave, some parts tend to get over-cooked."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why can we heal broken major bones? | [
"It's the same trait that allows us to heal minor bones, just on a larger scale. Healing broken bones is just a single act, healing the bone, it doesn't depend on if the bone is someone small like a finger bone, or a rib, or something large like a femur or tibia."
] | [
"Cracking the bones but not moving them far enough to cut the nerves will not kill you."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What happens to light beams when the source has been "turned off" or extinguished? | [
"Think of a beam of light as being similar to a stream of water being sprayed from a hose. Except instead of water molecules moving relatively slowly, you have photons moving at the speed of light. When you shut off the hose, the stream stops spraying more water, and all of the existing water molecules keep traveli... | [
"Because there is atmospheric gas that is always present. When light passes through a gas, it looks like it's twinkling/dancing but it really isn't."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How does each part(RAM, CPU, and GPU) of a computer work. | [
"Analogy I use for people at my office: CPU = a worker. A faster CPU (measured in Ghz and now in multiple cores) is like a more skilled/experienced worker who can analyze and calculate data faster. RAM = the worker's desk. A larger desk (more RAM) allows him to spread more paperwork out and have related documents ... | [
"Mostly due to your computer has a much faster CPU/data bus and a computer SSD is much faster than flash memory in a phone."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Computer Science:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Computer Science:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Technology:"
} |
Why do Canadians use bags for milk but not other beverages? | [
"I live in Ontario and I remember seeing juice in those bags when I was younger (maybe ~20 years ago?) It was the same exact bags that the milk comes in, and you would put it in the same exact milk jug thing and it just worked. I remember my mom would freeze them, and as they thawed she would turn them into some so... | [
"Efficiency. Boxes are easier to stack and store and when pasteurized the juice can last for years in the boxes. Drink companies would pack everything in them if they could. Milk will spoil unless it's UHT pasteurized, the boxes aren't strong enough for carbonated drinks. Generally if it's carbonated or needs to be... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
When two black holes merge who attracts who? | [
"When any two massively dense (or small) objects get near to each other they both attract one another."
] | [
"They become part of the black hole. We're a little short on specifics because the known laws of physics break down when trying to describe exactly what blackholes are and how they behave."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why was Cherice Moralez reported as being raped? | [
"Statutory rape is rape. Media in particular is cautious about not referring to things like rape as what they are, as it can be seen as extremely offensive otherwise."
] | [
"Is there any evidence she was raped in prison? I was under the impression her attackers were never successful."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
My tongue at the end of a USB cable attached to my laptop counts as an unrecognized device | [
"Yes: the port can detect *something* is attached, but can't tell what it is, because your tongue doesn't communicate via the USB standard :-P"
] | [
"I like to picture an 80's style tape player is playing there in front of a microphone because no one at the office knows how to do it any other way."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:"
} |
How is a spider's silk stronger than steel? | [
"It is by relative strength, yes. If you had a string of steel as thin as a thread of [spider silk](_URL_0_), the silk would be stronger."
] | [
"They make it themselves with their spinnerets. It's not like they have a storehouse of web inside their body. They have silk glands that create the web on demand. The web itself weighs VERY little. One strand stretching across the entire Earth would weigh less than a bar of soap."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why does it hurt to wash my nostrils with pure water while salty water is fine? | [
"The insides of your nostrils (sinuses) are lined with mucous membranes, which are made of cells which are filled with slightly salty water. Water can flow through cell walls through osmosis, and in such a situation the water flows in a way that equalizes the cell's salinity (salt level) with the water around it. S... | [
"It is better at freeing up oils. Imagine trying to wash butter off a plate using cold water. If you tried it with hot water, it would melt right off. The same goes for oils in your hands and your clothes. The oils can trap bacteria, which is why washing with warm water and soap is important."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
What is holding treaties or deals between countries accountable? | [
"Well there's the UN... but even then, nothing actually stops a country from breaking a treaty. Their motivation to keep them are the terms of the treaty. E.g. if you and I have a trade deal, it's in both our interests (otherwise one of us wouldn't have signed) to keep up trade. If you back out on the deal, your \"... | [
"No. There are treaties and agreements that countries promise to follow when they sign them. Whether they actually do that is entirely up to them."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why do we stretch? And does it feel so good to stretch? | [
"Stretching tenses the muscles which helps pump blood back to the heart, which is part of the cardiac cycle. The 'feel so good' part of has to do with the sudden rush of rich oxygenated blood, which feels good. Hope that helps."
] | [
"Because many people forget to breathe when they are doing this kind of exercise. That's really all there is to it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
does vacuuming slower really pick up more dirt, why or why not? | [
"It gives the vacuum more time to pick up debris. There is a point of diminishing returns, where more time spent on one spot does not significantly increase debris picked up, but you will get more stuff off your floor if you spend 5 seconds/meter versus 1 second/meter."
] | [
"Because they've been treated to remove bacteria, which can grow by feeding on the material. Once you open it, you've exposed it to bacteria again. You can't get the cat out of the bag again.. wait is that how that goes?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
why do we have to take flu shot every year? | [
"The flu is not one virus, it is a bunch of them. The flu shot is formulated to protect against those that are considered to be most likely to be prominent in a given year. Sometimes they are right (or mostly right) and sometimes a unexpected strain gains steak."
] | [
"whats the point of hospitals if we are all going to die anyway"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does a bad smell become unnoticeable after spending a short while next to it? | [
"Our senses are designed to emphasize new information. Once information is stale, it's less useful to us, so we tune it out. Smell is just the same as our other senses in this regard. Our eyes adjust to light or dark. Our ears adjust to loud or quiet. Our noses adjust to smells."
] | [
"This is probably more likely your taste receptors becoming less sensitized to the flavors in the food, similar to how your nose becomes used to a particular odor after a while and you can no longer smell it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If pain occurs when something is going wrong in my body, why doesn't losing feeling in a limb (limb falling asleep) hurt? | [
"The nerves have blocked, your body is trying, but the telephone lines have been cut. The tingling after is the nerves comming back online"
] | [
"There are different ways to be \"paralyzed.\" 1. You can't move the affected area, but you can still feel sensations. 2. You can't feel any sensations in the affected area, but you can still move it. 3. You can't move or feel anything in the affected area. Each of these can have different levels. For #2 and #3... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Medical Science:"
} |
Why aren't we constantly terrified about dying or knowing how insignificant we are? | [
"Some of us are, this is a very real & common problem. It keeps the anti-anxiety med makers & the shrinks in business."
] | [
"There is no way to answer this in a way that wouldn't horribly traumatize a 5 year old. Suffice it to say bad things would happen."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why are the Japanese dying at 110 when southern Utah Summers easily hit 115-120 and everybody's fine? | [
"1) Acclimatization. They are not used to the weather and so the abnormality of it can cause their body to overreact. They also do not know what to do to handle it, such as drink extra water. 2) Much of Japan is far enough north that they do not use AC in their homes or buildings. Many literally have no place they... | [
"In most cases \"hot in winter\" in far colder that \"hot in summer\" With the heater on and the fireplace on, the temperature will be between 25 and 30°C. In summer at 2AM, you're fine if it's only 25°C you have a problem when it's 40°C"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
- The problems with economy/business regulation or: the advantages of deregulation | [
"regulation is corrupting. regulation reduces competition. regulation enshrines obsolete business practices in law. regulation is expensive."
] | [
"Their employment was largely due to government support and subsidy. Not only did they need to stop spending on non-profitable industry, but they needed to create a jobs-market for realistic industries. She accomplished the first much easier than the latter. Not taking sides; i'm a libertarian who thinks most liber... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If the Taliban has spokespeople and twitter accounts, why doesn't we just track them down and end them? | [
"Press confidentiality. A journalist who meets with the Taliban is both blindfolded so as not to reveal their location and can't reveal their sources."
] | [
"Air strikes are really expensive, and it would not get rid of the ideology of hate that ISIS embodies. This isn't a fight against people, it's a fight against ideas. Start bombing them daily, and ISIS says they're being killed because the enemies of god want them dead."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Current events:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Current events:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about current affairs:"
} |
If cooler conductors transfer electricity better, why would cold on a sore muscle block pain receptors? | [
"Because pain receptors work mainly on chemical reactions, with electricity playing a secondary role. Cold slows chemical reactions."
] | [
"We feel the sensation of cold because of how much heat is being lost from our body. The faster we loose heat the colder we feel. You must have know that when you blow air on a hot piece of pizza its cools faster. This is precisely the wind chill factor. For more information google convective heat transfer"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Physics:"
} |
What is the point of a "smart" credit card (with the chip)? | [
"The main benefit is that in order to clone the chip, you need to get access to the private encryption keys on the chip itself. Short of breaking into the bank/credit union's computer systems, you're not getting those. Meanwhile, cloning the magnetic stripe on the back is a simple matter of buying $150 worth of equ... | [
"Advantage: your NFC device or card never leaves your hands. Almost zero chance of theft or duplication. Another layer of security, if you fully trust Google and Apple, is that the merchant has no access to your credit/debit/bank account info. Annoying, though: take phone out, unlock it, (in my case: activate app ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why can I eat salt and drink water, but not drink saltwater? | [
"You can drink salt water. There's no law against it. You don't die if you drink it. It's just that salt water (at least ocean water) has enough salt in it that it doesn't hydrate you. In fact, it dehydrates you. (and can make you sick for other reasons). If you drank nothing but salt water, you'd get too much salt... | [
"Pour a bunch of sugar on a piece of paper. Put the sugar and paper in your mouth and chew it. Once you don't taste any more sugar, spit the paper out. Do you think you just consumed some calories even though you didn't eat any paper? The answer is yes. Same concept applies to gum."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How do animals such as chameleons and some squid know which colour to change to? | [
"I can't answer for squid, but chameleons don't know what colour they're changing into: it's more of a signalling of mood, temperature and probably a few other things I'm forgetting"
] | [
"The only reason reptiles like snakes are brightly colored is to alert predators that they are poisonous. Birds are brightly colored to attract mates. Fish are brightly colored to attract mates and alert predators they are poisonous. Amphibians like frogs are brightly colored to alert predators they are poisonous. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
why do we have a crack underneath the skin on our chins | [
"Because it is the tendon site for two facial muscles, which are symmetrical across the face _URL_0_"
] | [
"I think because in public you dont want to accidentaly touch the fron of the toilet with your penis so they just removed the front"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
why whites are excluded from being able to have race specific media and events when other races do the same without being called out as racist. | [
"Because everything that is not explicitly minority media or event, is by definition white media or event. That is what it means to be a majority."
] | [
"The 'regressive left' is a very small but very vocal group that could best be described as a \"liberal\" equivalent to the alt right. I put liberal in quotes because they really aren't that liberal. This question is loaded and will probably be removed, but here's what most people have a problem with. First is that... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Social Issues:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Social Issues:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why are American police generally despised while the military is very highly regarded? | [
"The military don't take actions against the citizens of the country, they're regarded as protecting the interests of the nation as a whole. The police are active in the community to serve and protect, this leads them to having more contact with the individual citizens and the perception that they're the enemy beca... | [
"Most European cops don't carry guns because there's a lot less guns there compared to America, where the citizenry are armed to the teeth. Also American cops are just generally more aggressive here. It's not just shootings. There's more police brutality of all kinds in America than in Europe."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does heat hurt more than cold? | [
"I think it's just personal experience. Cold hurts me more than heat. It hurts my body parts like my nose and hands, whereas heat doesn't hurt me, it's just annoying and bothers me"
] | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why does YouTube buffer but TV doesn't? | [
"Cable sends the exact signal you need for a tv show and has been optimized for that functionality. The show actually comes through the cable in a direct signal and is pretty much a direct line to your cable provider. Each channel has its own signal coming from the provider so all you have to do is tune to that sig... | [
"I used to be able to watch longer videos on my phone via LTE. Apparently this changed sometime earlier this week. Now when trying to watch, say, a 3-hour podcast on YouTube, it says that the video is only available on WiFi. This is very new and I'm wondering why YouTube would do this. Anyone?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How/Why do dryer balls work? | [
"Theoretically, the dryer ball stops the fabric from sticking to itself, so when you run it through the dryer, it fluffs up instead of just flopping around stuck together. Whether it actually does lead to softer clothes is still under debate. Popular Mechanics ran an article on this that you can read here: _URL_0_"... | [
"How much do they cost vs how much will they generate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
If we breathe in O2, and breathe out CO2, why can't we find a way to pull the Carbon from the O2 to eliminate the need to carry extra air in space or underwater? | [
"The problem is the energy required to break the C from the 02. This is essentially what photosynthesis does and we don't have a more efficient system than \"grow a plant\". Because the energy required is so high it's not practical to do it on a scale big enough to produce breathable air."
] | [
"Note that there are a ton of waste products released by the lungs and only one gas it craves, oxygen gas. Most of this comes out in the form of carbon dioxide, or CO^2. Added carbon in there increases the mass of the carbon dioxide significantly. Over the course of several hours, without intake of food or water, y... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why Argentina wants the Falkland Islands so badly? | [
"Argentinian desire for the Falklands is inversely proportional to how well their economy is doing."
] | [
"North Korea is on a whole 'nother level compared to Saudi Arabia and Qatar."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
The current drought situation in California. | [
"California is naturally susceptible to droughts and has its history of droughts. Actions taken are that we 'steal' other regions' water and ration our usage."
] | [
"The planned location right over the country's largest river probably has something to do with it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Environment:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Environment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
why is it, that when you take any body part out from underneath a blanket, you become freezing. But when you have your head out the whole night, your fine? | [
"Your temperature sensors can only measure change in temperature. That is why metal feels cold (or hot if it is out of an oven), you are feeling the rate in which that heat is transferred to or from your body. Your body under the covers would be warmer, so when you remove the blanket, it cools quickly, feeling cold... | [
"The prank is, you put the sleeping person's hand in warm water, then pee on them, and when they wake up you tell them they pissed themselves. Just putting a sleeping person's hand in water does nothing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can I wipe 30-times after taking a dump and it just never gets clean? | [
"I would imagine the composition of your feces has something to do with it. A normal, healthy, and regular bowel movement should be one or possibly two solid masses that hold themselves together in such a way that smearing does not occur. Those optimal turds that result in the one-and-done wipe with the toilet pape... | [
"You don't need to. Just makes it easy to clean out when it snows."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
When an insect or similar gets stuck in a fast moving vehicle, do they just have to start a new life or would they try and find where they were previously? | [
"Insects do not know where they are to begin with, so it doesn't bother them. Insects don't really *know* anything. They simply don't have a complex enough nervous system for that sort of thing."
] | [
"It's the same reason as why you don't often find humans dead at the kitchen table, it happens sometimes but not often. There are a lot of things in a bug's life besides just eating. Many bugs die because their 'brain' breaks down and they can't coordinate to flip themselves off their backs, so unless you find a bu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why when we squint our eyes do we see a squiggly line? | [
"Sweet. I love this question. I used to tell my doctors I could see these but he always said they were 'floaters' I was like no! they are cells, I can not directly look at them.. Okay.. So.. This is a thing known quite commonly as the [Blue Field Entoptic phenomenon](_URL_0_). You can click the link there and see a... | [
"It's like the afterimage that appears after staring at any light. The sunlight tires your red cones so your green cones are used instead. Stare at a green light for a while and you'll start seeing a red afterimage."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why do headphones label each earbud? | [
"There are two reasons: Reason 1: Some ear buds are designed to fit a specific ear. They might be shaped such that they only really fit in the proper ear. Reason 2: Most audio is mixed in stereo so that the audio isn't exactly the same going to each ear. For music it doesn't really matter if you mix up the left and... | [
"It's not up to the earbuds. The recording has a left track and a right track, and the earbuds send one track to one ear."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is the term "God-fearing people" seen as a compliment? Why not replace it with something like "God-loving"? | [
"In this case, \"fear\" is being used in it's older, more general sense, referring to showing respect or awe. So, God-fearing people aren't afraid of God, they respect him."
] | [
"I don't know about everyone, but when I was religious we had numerous sermons about how awful nonbelievers are. They're anti-american, addicted to all kinds of drugs, rape and murder anyone they can, they're all gay but still have abortions all the time somehow, they're communists and satanists who hate God and go... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What do modern Russian spies sent to live in the west, actually spy on? | [
"Defense contractors. Getting the designs for missiles, submarines, and similar weapons of strategic importance can help a spying country in two ways: (1) copy the ideas rather than doing their own R & D, (2) figuring out how to defend against or defeat those weapons in a war."
] | [
"It's so bad that the most intelligent people from all over the world fight tooth and claw to get here to be educated."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How do film actors do two films at once? | [
"Voice acting and on-camera acting are usually handled differently. Generally, for a feature-length Hollywood film, there will be a chunk of time (days, weeks) where the actors are full time dedicated to this movie. This approach usually is the most cost-effective when it comes to crew (easier to keep everyone on-s... | [
"In those two cases, if you film the climax of the movie first, you have time to do it right, and fix anything that may go wrong in the process. Wait and do it last, you might have to delay the movie if any issues come up. Also, cost and simplicity come into play. If you have a bunch of scenes in your movie that al... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why do I and professional athletes pull hamstrings all the time but you never see a cheetah or a gazelle pull up lame with a strained calf or something? | [
"You know, if I was a cheetah, I'd probably enjoy a little strained calf every once in a while. I'm not a cheetah, but it still sounds pretty good. Maybe with some sourdough toast?"
] | [
"When you stretch, you create micro tears in your muscles. Your brain releases endorphins, the feel good stuff, to cover it. As long as the tears are small, you feel good. When the tears are big, like when you tear a pectoral muscle, sorry bud, them endorphins just won't cut it and you scream bloody murder."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why do people walk in a circle when they're in a fistfight? | [
"I'm no professional boxer, but I spar once a week. Constantly moving is good for three things: * It makes you harder to hit * It makes looking for openings of your opponent easier, since people can only protect their front and not their side * It hides your attack movements. Good power comes from low in the body, ... | [
"Because it helps to take your mind off of the embarrassing thought. I do that a lot when I'm hung over."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do gas stoves start at the highest heat setting instead of the lowest? | [
"For lighting. The gas comes out at maximum so it will reach the pilot flame and ignite right away."
] | [
"There are 2 pipes: heated and cold/unheated. The manufacturer has no way of knowing how hot your water heater is or how much of each pipe is being used by other faucets at any given time. The pipe temperature can also change seasonally. The cold pipes in my house are extra cold in the winter and room temperature i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If my son is highly allergic to eggs, why is he not allergic to chicken? | [
"Egg is made out of egg stuff, which you can be allergic to. As the chicken grows, it eats the egg stuff and turns it into chicken stuff. Once the chicken is ready to hatch, the egg stuff has been completely used up. All that remains is delicious chicken stuff."
] | [
"Ok, I can't speak for anything other than my own specific food allergy, and even that has yet to be proven outright. I am allergic to peanuts. Not tree nuts or any other nut, just peanuts. I've been hospitalized for ingesting all forms, peanuts, peanut butter, peanut oil, and peanut flour. When I was a kid my gran... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health:"
} |
Why does one aching tooth cause other teeth that are healthy to hurt as well. | [
"Referred pain. Basically, pain in one area causes nerves to fire, and the chemical and biological processes from that can spread slightly, causing other, unaffected nerves to fire."
] | [
"Distraction and in some cases pain prioritization. You don't feel pain in one place when it hurts a hell of a lot more somewhere else."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
what's the difference between a psychiatrist and a psychologist? | [
"Psychiatrists can prescribe medication and a psychologist cannot"
] | [
"This isn't a normal thing. If this is happening to you you should seek a professional psychiatrist or medical advice."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how does dry heat cause nose bleeds? | [
"I believe that since the skin inside of your nostril is usually kept wet with lubricating mucus to at least some degree, drying it out would cause it to contract and crack more easily, causing a nosebleed."
] | [
"I know what youre talking about, and its not an allergic reaction. Not sure why, but maybe your body thinks you ingested a poison and is trying to sweat it out? Source: my imagination"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Biology:"
} |
How can a small amount of medicine (like a pill) affect my whole body? | [
"It's not unreasonable that small amounts of things can have a dramatic effect on the body. A tiny thorn only effects a very small number of nerves (compared to your entire body) which sends a small number of signals to your brain. Yet it can overwhelm your senses. A small amount of poison from a sting can effect y... | [
"Because you have a significant amount of iron in your blood."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do nut packages display the warning "May contain nuts" instead "Do contain nuts"? | [
"I assume you mean packets of peanuts. Peanuts [aren't actually nuts](_URL_0_). Someone with a nut allergy may not be allergic to peanuts, and vice versa. So if you had an allergy to nuts, but could eat peanuts fine, it is important to know if the packet may contain traces of nuts."
] | [
"Nothing about the \"Organic\" certification has anything to do with nutrition. Some brands of peanut butter may contain added sugar or other sweeteners. \"Homemade\" style peanut butters generally contain less sugar."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
why did UK sign up to the China’s Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and USA was so object to it? | [
"Because there is soft movement in Europe to attempt to remove some of the influence that the US government and corporations are abusing in the world.."
] | [
"The USA gives the country a lot of money to be a strategic partner. So as a US taxpayer you have to ask if that is the best use of the money. Many countries have partnerships like this example all over the world. So those citizens must start to ask that question to their own governments."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What exactly is it in water that we need to live? | [
"Water is used as a solution fluid, lubrication, as a cooling agent, and many others. It is not broken down."
] | [
"Almost everything put into it are things that the human body cannot break down to obtain energy. So it is useless to us as food."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do we bite our nails? It is a completely useless function, but is still embarassingly addictive. | [
"Humans also pick our noses and scrape wax from our ears. It's not useless, it's grooming, and despite being gross it's essential for hygiene. Imagine if you NEVER picked your nose. Tissues don't do much for really stubborn dried blobs."
] | [
"It isn't chemically addictive. However, anything can become psychologically addictive."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about health:"
} |
Why is it that when I'm under mental duress, physical pain helps it go away? | [
"Pain causes your brain to release dopamine. It's why cutters cut etc. Also physical pain can be a pretty good distraction from stress so you momentarily change focus as well."
] | [
"When I get high, I get very easily distracted, have moments where I basically turn into a statue because a thought is holding me down, and my reaction time dips considerably. All things that hurt for driving safely."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why does the concept of 'urban gentrification' typically seem to have a negative connotation? | [
"If a neighborhood gains a higher standard of living, then it will generally displace the lower economic strata that were already there. A neighborhood that had a certain economic class of people will often lose those people in order to gentrify. To some, this looks like a reshuffling of the problem. Rather than f... | [
"How simple differences in language make huge differences in context. Basically, during the segregation era, 'colored person' was abused to tell people who could and who could not go into a restaurant, ride a bus, apply for a job or otherwise live in liberty. So, it has negative and racist connotations. Meanwhile, ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Gentrification:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Gentrification:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What happens if you listen to a looped song all night while sleeping? | [
"You have to be awake to learn things like songs, languages, or new skills. [But you might be able to learn smells while sleeping](_URL_0_)."
] | [
"So people can choose to repeat a single song, or repeat an entire album, library, playlist, whatever. Some people like to just listen to the same song over and over again, I guess."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
E: Is it theoretically possible to manipulate genes in their early stages to produce an endomorph, mesomorph or ectomorph? | [
"First off, it's worth mentioning that Sheldon defined discrete somatotypes for the purpose of using them to draw conclusions about personality. Nowadays it's pretty widely accepted that body type isn't a reliable gauge of personality. Could you **theoretically** manipulate genes *In utero* to control bone structur... | [
"Many of the functions that cells account for are structure based and occur without your nervous system. Although you correctly believe male and female brains have fundamentally different compositions, since sperm production is structure dependent, the body in your hypothetical scenario would likely continue to pro... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
how does cloning animals work? | [
"Here's an analogy: Imagine every person has an apple which define them (*46 chromosomes*) and sex cells (*sperm and eggs*) are half-apples (*23 chromosomes*). When sperm and eggs merge; there are now a whole apple (*fetus*). Now imagine the egg as a basket with a half-apple (*nucleus with 23 chromosomes*). The hal... | [
"Its not necessarly bad. Cons: - May Introduce Harmful Pathogens. - May Hamper Nutritional Value. - May Lead to Genetic Defects. - Detrimental to Genetic Diversity. Genetic engineering may work wonders but it is after all a process of manipulating the natural. It is altering something that is not originally create... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
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