query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Could you separate an electron completely from an atom? | [
"Certainly. If you excite the atom enough, an electron flies off. If you pump enough electrons into metal they bunch up on the surface and start to fly off. This is the principle of the electron gun inside the cathode ray tube (that's a \"TV screen\", back in the day) - at one end of the tube is the gun, which fire... | [
"If the photon is permanently caught, it cannot make it to your eye."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How is my radio's reception affected by my physical position around it? | [
"Same way that when you stand in front of a light you make a shadow. When you stand between the radio source and the radio receiver, it blocks the signal. Hard mode: radio waves don't act like light and they actually bounce around a lot. As long as the antenna gets hit \"enough\", the signal is strong. So dependin... | [
"There are a lot of factors that can impact your data connection, anything from temperature and humidity to congestion on the tower, to a microwave running nearby. It's impossible to say exactly why your particular connection changed any time without a detailed analysis of your situation."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why can I "feel" things about to touch my skin without having actually made contact yet? | [
"1. hair. 2. it might be hot or cold (different than you) 3. it can block wind, draft. 4. you see it and your brain tricks you 5. you know it's there and your brain tricks you. Sorta related, I suggest you test this theory in a truly dark environment (underground cave or specially built room). I once thought I had ... | [
"I'm pretty sure there's no known physical explanation for that. Maybe when you put your phone next to your head, it's because you're anxious about getting an important call/text, or hearing your alarm in the morning, or checking something as soon as you wake up? In which case, could it be the anxiety causing your ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how do turbo diesel motors create such insane amounts of torque with such low horsepower whereas petrol/gas engines are pretty much within realm of each other in terms of hp/torque | [
"HP = torq * rpm / 5252 Diesels run at much lower RPMs than gasoline engines. Most diesels don't rev past 3k."
] | [
"Just to allow them to tug more weight. You would need an insane amount of power to tow those trailers if you only had say 5 gears. Either you wouldn't have enough power, or your top speed would be very slow. Having more gears allow the driver to start moving the weight using the gears to keep the engine in it's op... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why did the population of a lot of large cities decline between 1970 and 1980. | [
"The largest factor is that many of these cities were industrial giants. Manufacturing was huge. To save money, many of these jobs went overseas. Electronics, motor vehicles, steel, textiles - all started to be produced elsewhere. When these jobs left, so did the people. They moved to cheaper, less developed areas ... | [
"Premise is incorrect. US population in 1960 was about 180 million. It has not quite doubled since then. 300% increase is wrong."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why the venus project (or zeitgeist if they're both the same) is a bad thing | [
"The people that tell you the Venus project is a bad thing are people that are too happy making money off of others."
] | [
"from what I gather, they believe the government organizes them to drum up anti gun outrage to make the populace willfully disarm themselves so that it makes an armed uprising impossible when they implement the new world order. I realize this may be an over simplification if you happen to subscribe to this theory.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What makes 50 the magic number when it comes to the number of states in the US? Is there potential to add more someday? | [
"Mostly coincidence, the US happened to run out of territories suitable for statehood at 50 (Puerto Rico is still in the mix, but they don't really want to be a state). It is possible the desire to reach an even number accelerated the push for new states, and once reached, sapped enthusiasm for additional states. T... | [
"It's highly unlikely. Congress would need to approve it, and the Republicans would never support the addition of a state whose electoral votes would almost certainly go to the democrats in every presidential election. Then there's time money issue. If admitted to the US, Puerto Rico would be the poorest state in t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why is it it legal for a P.I. to do their job (follow, take photos, rummage through trash etc | [
"They are regulated by a branch of the state government. The process and requirements vary by state, usually requires relevant experience but not always, usually involves a testing process, always involves paperwork and fees paid. Not cops by any stretch, but licensed and given specific powers, with penalties if t... | [
"plenty of legal ways of obtaining information 1) ask people 2) ask pissed off former employees 3) dumpster diving 4) look thru published records, look for inconsistencies"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How a language like Japanese reads and is written | [
"Depends on the language, Chinese primarily uses characters to represent ideas, concepts, nouns, etc. which can be formed into sentences. Japanese uses three different writing systems Hirigana for spelling out their words and particles (mostly simple looking ones あいうえお), katakana for foreign words (square looking o... | [
"Because we read word shapes. Having all words starting with a capitalized letter or having the words written in all caps makes the word shape different than what we are used to, and therefor harder to read."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
eBay, Amazon (to name just two of many) make billions in the UK but pay hardly any tax in the UK, why doesn't any government do anything about it? | [
"Example: Company has to pay more taxes. Company pays more taxes for the first year. (time to relocate) Company relocates, 1000s of jobs lost. Company no longer in the country, so no longer paying taxes. The jobs are also source of tax money, as all employees would pay income tax, so the country would lose that too... | [
"Legal Tax Avoidance, to distinguish from things like just not paying, is not easy to do. It requires a degree of financial knowledge, wealth, and connections to achieve. The average person may not know how to set up a tax haven, or move money through companies to avoid paying income tax. The wealthy can afford to ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How can they "confirm" a Tornado and the intensity after the fact? | [
"> How can they know there was a tornado? I'm sure all of the visual sightings and reports and path of destruction is a big clue. Unless it was a tornado-shaped herd of rampaging elephants. > Then, how can they deduce the level from that? The basic tornado intensity scale - the Fujita scale - is measured based off... | [
"I've often wondered this (and i am far from an expert of any sort) but figured that 1. You can never know exactly where each strike will be and 2. We have no way of storing the massive amount of energy each strike produces. Good question but."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Science and Technology:"
} |
Why do I sweat so much at night? | [
"I don't want to alarm you but this was one of the symptoms I had before getting severely ill. Do you get quickly tired ? For example, after running for a bit ? Does your face seem a little fatter than before ? Do you cough without any apparent reason ?"
] | [
"EIL5: Why can't I stop sitting with my legs crossed, even though it hurts my knees, and why does it hurt my knees?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do some formerly obese people have a lot of skin to remove and some don't? | [
"It's all a matter of how fast you lose the weight. Gaining weight is a natural process. The body is meant to gain weight when it receives excess energy that it does not use. Just as gaining weight is natural, so is losing weight. When you lose weight in a healthy way (I believe it is supposed to be no more than 2 ... | [
"The above comments are why it’s better to develop healthy habits rather than use methods like surgery. There are plenty of people who get liposuction just to gain the weight right back because they didn’t do anything to keep it off."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why did we shift from calling computer "programs" to calling them "applications?" | [
"Mac OS had been calling them applications for a long time. Their application file type is .app while Windows uses .exe (which stands for executable). There are technical difference but I’d argue this is MOSTLY a tradition/preference. Maybe Apple liked that name since it reminds you of *Apple* and these *App*licati... | [
"Software is a general term that comes in contrast to hardware. While hardware is the physical, tangible parts of the computer, software is the logic and code that runs on the hardware. An application is a specific type of software, intended for a specific task (or tasks). The operating system (which \"runs\" your ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How long could the infrastructure (gas, water, power, internet) run on auto-pilot in a developed country, and what factors would influence it? | [
"Discovery did an interesting show called \"Life After Humans\" that discussed this in the event all humans just disappeared."
] | [
"These things aren't self-sustaining. They require a lot of work to keep working. Even in a medium company you need an IT department to keep everything from going down constantly. Power requires fuel, which needs to be managed. Not everything is automated, so fuel can run out. Additionally, during an apocalypse peo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Technology:"
} |
. Why is the term "tumblr feminist" being thrown around and what does it mean? | [
"The perception is that tumblr users are passionate but not very informed on gender issues, so the term is used derogatively."
] | [
"**In theory** - \"Let's find people on reddit who are spreading hate (racism, sexism, homophobia, discrimination of any kind), and expose them. Batman style.\" **In practice** - \"Let's find people on reddit who say things that don't align with our opinions and attack them, then make a crazy treehouse and say thin... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
What's the difference between animal fur and animal skin? | [
"Ultimately, there is no real ethical difference between using an animal skin and using animal fur. They both involve killing an animal and skinning it. The major argument I know of is that cowhide - the major animal skin used for fashion, which is converted into leather and suede - is more acceptable because cows ... | [
"Why do some parts of the world call gasoline petrol?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
"Nestlé wants to own all the water!" What's really going on? | [
"Nestle has purchased land rights to several water sources in Africa and denied access to the communities that previously relied on them. At one point the CEO of Nestle said water wasn't a [basic human right](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"What's so bad about having something made in Israel?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
how do small caves get explored ? | [
"In theory any place you can get inn you could also get out off as the hole is the same size. In practice though there is a reason why cave exploration is considered one of the most dangerous hobbies."
] | [
"The produce a type of oil in the tips of their legs that helps them not get caugth in their own webs"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why does 100% acetone nail polish remover feel cold to the touch? | [
"Acetone has a low boiling point so it evaporates easily. When things evaporate they require energy, and they acquire this energy by making whatever surface it used to be on colder. This is also how sweat cools you down."
] | [
"Dry erase markers contain a plastic-like binder that the dyes get stuck in as well as a solvent that dries really slowly. Sharpies contain dyes that only disolve in strong(ish) solvents like alcohol. So once the solvent in the sharpie dries, you need more of it to get it back off."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How does the cold weather rob a car battery of its charge? | [
"Chemical reactions typically slow as the temperature decreases. Cold weather, therefore, hampers a battery's ability to produce electricity. I have a hybrid car and I've noticed my mileage decrease in cold weather. It also decreases in hot weather when I use the air conditioning."
] | [
"Car batteries come in different types and some cars use power while not being on for things like an alarm or a light on a dash or something to that effect. Eventually the batteries die like this. Sometimes if a battery has been storing for a really long time it will simply lose its charge. third is due to the batt... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why do many R-rated movies only show quick flashes of nudity? | [
"Film rating and classification groups (like the MPAA) take into account the duration of nudity when establishing an appropriate rating for a movie. Extended nudity (especially if the nudity is sexualized or presented in a sexual context) may result in a higher film rating classification (e.g. NC-17 in the US). Th... | [
"According to what I have heard, rating systems are pretty arbitrary in the way that they score and categorize games/movies/TV. For example, films with intense violence can pass for PG-13, but an otherwise violence-free film with some swear words and/or a sex scene will be rated R."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Neither Cheddar Cheese or Butter is naturally Yellow. (In fact they're both white.) Why and when did they start adding food dye? | [
"Grass fed butter is yellow, actually. Grass fed milk has a yellowish tint, too. Cheese made with high quality grass fed milk has an orange tint. Annatto was added to cheddar as both a flavoring and a colorant so that inferior cheese could replicate the color of grass fed milk when using cheaper milk. This started ... | [
"What color is cheddar cheese where you come from? All cheese is naturally white, or off white, or even a golden yellow, depending on the type of milk used. But you'll never find a cow that gives orange milk. The color instead comes from the flavorless Annatto seed, which gives Wisconsin cheddar that pumpkin orange... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why are red, green and blue the primary light colours; but cyan, yellow and magenta are primary paint and ink colours? | [
"Red + Green + Blue = White light. None of them = black (absence of color) With printing you are using white paper. Which means you don't need to make white. I.E. most modern printers can't actually print white unless it is specialized to be able to do so. Cyan, yellow, magenta, and black (black is required for CYM... | [
"With pigments when you add colours together you subtract wavelengths from the light. This is known as subtractive colour and the pigments used to create the other colours are known as subtractive primaries. This is different to light where wavelengths get added together. This is known as additive colours and the ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Physics:"
} |
Why I'm so willing to spend $20 on a case of beer and $10 more for pizza, but have a hard time spending $30 bucks on a pair of jeans and a tshirt that will last me months or possibly years? | [
"Because the beer and pizza is instant gratification. You spend the money and you get the item and enjoy it. With the clothes, you spend the money but won't necessarily wear the items right away. So you put them in your closet and wait to wear them. Since there's no instant gratification you are subconsciously not ... | [
"You know you are going to enjoy that coffee, even if you are going to enjoy only once. Part of your brain is craving that coffee and telling you to buy it. It's going to fill a coffee-shaped hole in your life. The absence of that coffee is going to cause you considerable discomfort and mental stress, so you had be... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Does drinking cold water hydrate your body more then warmer water | [
"I don't think warming the cold water takes a significant amount of extra energy to \"dehydrate\" you at all. However, a simple law of diffusion is that substances with more kinetic energy (more heat/warmer) will flow and diffuse faster than those with less kinetic energy. Think of it like cold syrup vs hot syrup; ... | [
"You will be more hydrated if you drink it slowly. That will give your body more time to process and absorb the water as it passes through your system, as opposed to overwhelming it if you down it all in a rush."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why do electronic items (like headphones or laptops) slowly lose their charge when they're not being used? | [
"These devices are always \"waiting\" for the cue to turn on and be used, so they never really \"power off\" completely. Your laptop is waiting for the lid to open or the power button to get pressed, and your headphones are just waiting for a signal, so a tiny bit of power is getting used 100% of the time (unless t... | [
"It isn't anymore. Modern smartphones use lithium ion batteries that, when coupled with your phone, becomes a smart battery. Essentially, your phone will automatically stop drawing current. Some phones even start to draw less current ad charge levels reach 100. So it is okay to leave your charger on overnight. Rega... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
When you install a piece of software, why are you told to restart your computer even though it runs fine without restarting it? | [
"Sometimes that message is left as a precaution. If you didn't tell people to restart afterwards, and they happened to be in the set of circumstances that actually DOES require a reboot, they're as likely to call and complain as they are to think \"ok, I should reboot and see if that works.\" Some software, like vi... | [
"Firmware is a set of programs and routines that are built into the device running them. They are typically essential for the basic operation of the device and are not usually accessible by the user. Software is a program that the device runs such as an application or a printer driver. Software can usually be inst... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why does it feel so good to put my feet up after a long day of work? | [
"it's because your feet swell a little bit due to gravity causing blood/fluid to pool, so putting your feet up lets them drain, reversing the swelling."
] | [
"As someone who has to stand all day let me tell you its not much better."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why is it easier to carry a dead man than the same man alive? | [
"The opposite is true, a living person can actively hold on to you and situate themselves to make it easier for you to carry. A dead person offers you no aid. I suppose if the living person didn't WISH to be carried then a struggling alive person would be more difficult than a dead person."
] | [
"To keep them from noticing, so it takes longer before they come back with a new account."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How do two tablespoons of pure caffeine kill you? o_O | [
"Too much caffeine over-stimulates the nervous system, which leads to an irregular heart beat or cardiac arrest. Your heart gets too excited and forgets how to do its job."
] | [
"What on Earth are you talking about? 1. Humans can taste water. 2. How do you know that dogs can taste water?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Science:"
} |
In regards to all the talk of Universal Basic Income and Robots taking our jobs. How would the government continue to gather taxes from citizens? | [
"Simple, taxing corporations and producers. Though there would possibly be a \"purchase\" tax as well."
] | [
"Because believe it or not it affects what goes on around you. The amount of tax you pay, the amount of social assistance, whether or not wars both foreign and domestic occur. Look at what just happened with net neutrality. Had that not passed your Internet could be slowed down considerably while giving corporation... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do we use Celsius (or Fahrenheit) instead of Kelvin? | [
"Knowing where absolute zero is or how much actual heat is in something seldom has any meaningful value in day to day life outside of being unnecessarily pedantic, as you were with your colleague. Celsius, pegging to the freezing and boiling points of water, is just more reasonable and sensible for day-to-day use b... | [
"Kelvin is just the Celsius scale re-balanced so that 0 is absolute zero. The increment of Celsius is based on the temperatures that water freezes (0 Celsius) and boils (100 Celsius)."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why do our voices sound so odd/weird to us when we hear it? | [
"When you talk, you're not just hearing your voice through the air. The vibrations in your throat, which is what makes your voice, travel through your neck, into your ears. Since vibrations spread out and slow down as they pass through the solids of your body, the sound lowers in pitch, so we hear our voices as dee... | [
"When you speak, the 'voice box' in your neck area vibrates to make sound come out your mouth. While it does this, it also vibrates the rest of your head (ears and eardrums). So what you hear when you talk out loud sounds really rich compared to what you hear in a recording. When you talk, other people hear you as ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Language and Communication:"
} |
Why don’t we cook things at higher temperatures for less amount of time? | [
"I'm going to assume you mean in an oven and not a microwave. Think of it this way - when you lay out on the sun what warms first? Your skin. The same is true for cooking in an oven. It takes time for the heat to work its way into the food as it needs to warm on the outside before the inside will get warm. If it wa... | [
"Food heated in an oven is simply heated for much longer. This allows the heat to spread throughout the food. Put food in the microwave for 60 second, it'll probably be hot. Put it in the oven for 60 seconds and it will basically not have changed at all."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage about Science:"
} |
During hostage crises, why don't police just use sleeping gas to knock the perpetrators (and hostages) out? | [
"The Russians [tried that once](_URL_0_). The gas resulted in killing over a hundred of the hostages. There's a reason why there is a high-priced doctor to administer and monitor the use of anesthetics during medical procedures--because it requires precise amounts to avoid overdosing, otherwise it winds up suppress... | [
"In most cases it isn't worth the fight for the sailors on the cargo ships. The pirates don't want to kill anyone they want a ransom for the ship. If the sailors started opening fire the pirates would respond in kind and someone's going to end up dead. If the cargo ship just gives up they just have to wait for the ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How do guitar amps amplify the sound? | [
"A transistor! To answer the follow-up question of \"okay and what the hell is a transistor\".... A transistor is a lil' electronics part made of silicon. Silicon has some funny properties: it's a semiconductor, and different stuff can influence how well it carries electricity. So a transistor has 3 connections on ... | [
"No. Electrical musical instruments work by having magnetic pickups which output a signal based on the frequency of the vibrating metal string. This output current is then amplified and converted into sound by the amplifier."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What would it take for American and British English to actually be considered separate languages? | [
"A certain percentage of the vernacular must be distinct and not mutually intelligible between the 2 languages"
] | [
"And which language would that be? Yours? Mine? How would you coerce every country in the world to teach this language?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do we control our bladder? | [
"There are two muscles called urethral sphincters that control the release of urine from the bladder, similar to those in the anus. The internal sphincter is involuntarily controlled by the body and the external sphincter is voluntary controlled."
] | [
"The muscles used to have a bowel movement cause pressure on your bladder, causing you to release both. You're better able to isolate the muscles of your bladder."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What actually happens when we "die of old age"? | [
"That's a euphemism. There's always some underlying cause, but it's a cause that's associated with old age (e.g. heart failure, liver failure, etc.)"
] | [
"My doctor friends like to say \"The question isn't whether you'll die from cancer, it's whether something else will get you first.\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is the difference between irony and poetic justice? | [
"Irony has been mangled so badly you can't really get it wrong as the definitions these days include what would be considered wrong use (much like literally officially meaning figuratively now) In a nutshell though irony is something that has the opposite effect as intended. Example I'm in a car accident and my ai... | [
"There are three types of irony: & #x200B; Verbal irony: basically speaking sarcastically. Saying something that will be understood as something differently than what the words literally mean. & #x200B; Dramatic irony: occurs in movies, books and plays, when the audience is aware of something which the characters... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How protein is made inside a cell? | [
"It all starts with DNA in the nucleus. The cell makes a copy of a specific section of DNA that codes for the specific protein being made. The copy of the DNA is called RNA. The RNA gets modified into mRNA and leaves the nucleus and travels to a ribosome. The ribosome accepts the mRNA and, through a very complex pr... | [
"The chemicals of life only work well in very specific environments. If a chemical is forced too far outside of the environment it is meant to work in, they can break apart. The main chemical in bleach has the same effect on many of the chemicals of life as extreme heat, causing many of them to break down. This kil... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do your eyes tear up when laying on your side? | [
"I'm going to guess that because your tears are reabsorbed from the inner corner, when you're laying on your side gravity pulls the tears to the outer corner and they accumulate."
] | [
"Your face is swollen when you wake up from sleeping? You might want to stop sleeping hanging upside down, mate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why do websites and videos that are loading slow appear to play or load right after you click the refresh button | [
"The website is loading into a buffer, and won't be displayed until it's fully loaded (usually) when you click refresh or back it dumps the buffer to the screen before wiping it (which is just mean)"
] | [
"Some websites have a very fast redirect coded into them for ad purposes or whatever, so you have to click back (usually twice) very quickly to go back to the first page prior to the redirect, and then the page you actually thought was before."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why do you see individual pixels in small droplets of water on an LED screen? | [
"The droplets form a kind of lens which magnifies the screen under them, showing the colored segments which make up the pixels of the screen."
] | [
"The reflective material is on the back of the glass plate so you are seeing the distance between the front of the glass and the reflective material."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:"
} |
How do companies like walmart clearly breach contracts and then are able to hold up the court process for years to bankrupt the person who is suing them | [
"[They're not supposed to be able to](_URL_0_). > Also why do we not have laws in place like most other developed countries where the losing party in a lawsuit pays for the other sides legal fees as well? Because what ends up happening is people with legitimate complaints choose not to sue because the risk is too ... | [
"They can sue you if they feel like it. They have the right to sue you. It might get thrown out in court by a judge, but it doesn't mean they can't sue you, make you rack up legal bills in your defense or whatever until a judge sees the case and makes a decision. Simply suing someone is generally a bigger threat th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why do we tend to get headaches while reading in a moving vehicle? | [
"You get sensory information from your eyes but you also get them from your inner ears - that's where you also get a sense of balance and movement. When the input from your eyes (a stationary book) doesn't match up to the inner ear (it tells you that you're moving because inertia works on the fluid in your ear). No... | [
"I find that sometimes I get headaches from eye strain when I am using the computer for long periods of time without wearing my glasses. Other times I get headaches if I am very hungry and/or sleep deprived. Sleeping often fixes two of those, the third requires a good meal and maybe some time to rest."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
The school voucher system in America that the GOP is pushing for | [
"Parents of school-age children would have a choice between sending their kids to public school, or getting a \"voucher\" that they could use towards the tuition of a private school or religious school. It's controversial for a few reasons: -Many people worry that a voucher system would lead the better public schoo... | [
"Because the demographic that he most directly appeals to (white, middle class males) is also the demographic that Reddit most directly appeals to."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why does a lighter not explode when lit? | [
"There are two things at play: First: The butane which burns is pressurized inside the lighter, it is expelled at such a rate that it only mixes with enough oxygen that it can ignite a few milometers above the nozzle. Second: There is not enough oxygen inside the lighter for combustion to occur inside. Think about... | [
"It isn't. Those people are mentally ill, and water is surprisingly difficult to melt and will trap soot from incomplete combustion from a lighter. Try running a spoon through a candle flame and you will see how black it gets even though the spoon obviously isn't burning."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why are basic compounds (baking soda, toothpaste) such good universal cleaners? | [
"They're abrasives. Abrasion removes material by friction produced by pressure and movement."
] | [
"It does a couple of things pretty well. A lot of bleaches are made of sodium hypochlorite. The highly basic and oxidising nature of most bleach means that it kills microorganisms that might be harmful. It is also really great at cleaving bonds in proteins and fats, so organic material is very much vulnerable to b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do so many people support Bernie Sanders? What makes him different from all those presidents that said one thing before they were elected and did the opposite when they were elected? | [
"Look, it's simple. He makes the best-tasting chicken for the money, no one can argue with that"
] | [
"The left is disappointed in him because he hasn't been as liberal as he claimed to be during his campaigning. The right dislikes him because they think he's too liberal."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Will there be any sort of energy deficit caused by the Solar Eclipse next week? | [
"Technically yes, as blocking the sun will inevitably block some solar cells and the theoretical power they would have produced. However the duration of the eclipse in any given location, the relatively small amount of reliance on solar power, and the high variability of solar power in the first place will make thi... | [
"Why is election on weekdays instead of weekends?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Tony Abbott's political views and why his video got banned. | [
"Because Rupert Murdoch does not own youtube..... yet."
] | [
"Canada here - Because our Prime Minister is a complete tool who's all about prohibition."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is Greenpeace so vehemently against nuclear power? | [
"Because it uses potentially dangerous materials and because it obviates the need for more \"preferred\" forms of power like solar and wind. The problem is, of course, nuclear power is one of the cleanest and safest forms of power that exist. Even if you take into account the number of accidents and deaths from nuc... | [
"Context? What is a \"smart meter\", and where is this controversy based out of? Who is involved? Thanks!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How does a stalker change from "loving" someone to wanting to kill him/her? | [
"Stalking isn't actually about \"love\". It's about having a connection to a person, and in many cases, having influence or control over that person. The stalker places a lot of personal value on that interpersonal connection. (\"I need them in my life\") If a friendly or romantic connection is refused or ends, th... | [
"Most of us, including me, has it wrong; it's actually the other way around. Psycopaths are often seen by others has charming and trustworthy, with steady jobs, families, good relations with spouse, etc. When a psychopath wants to kill someone, they do so with lots of planning to minimize the risks. Sociopaths are ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about psychology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about psychology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is seafood safe to eat raw (ex: sushi, sashimi) while chicken and other farm animal produce can harm us when raw? | [
"Seafood can harm you too, it can have parasites. People do eat raw chicken, in Japan it's eaten like beef tartare. I imagine it's mostly about probabilities and how that food type is raised/cleaned/prepared in that country. Plus cultural history, hard to tell people they can't eat something their ancestors have be... | [
"It doesn't actually have to be. No solid cut of meat does. Bacteria grow on the outside of muscle tissue, but not *inside* the meat itself. So, as long as the very outside surface of the meat is cooked, it's safe to eat. In fact, if raised and handled properly, any meat can be eaten raw. There are places (like Jap... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What happens to our bodies when we faint? | [
"I've fainted a fair amount of times. It suuuuuuucks. Your body just shuts off. Only takes a few seconds but it feels like an eternity. Hearing goes, vision goes, then bam. I've never dreamt, but I've never been out for more than a few seconds. It really is horrible."
] | [
"Your brain is telling your body to make room."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does the whole "tax deductible donation" to churches work for the donator? | [
"Anything that is tax deductible means that the money you donate is subtracted from your income when calculating taxes. For simplicity sake, let's say you earn $100 in a year year. Let's assume a 20% tax rate, so you pay $20 in taxes. But if you had donated $10 that year, your 20% would be based as if you only earn... | [
"Non-profits are tax exempt, because most churches are run as non-profits, they don't pay taxes. It has nothing to do with the fact that they are religious institutions."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How can we tell the chemical compositions of far off planets, stars and other cosmic bodies simply by looking at them? | [
"When you shine a light through a gas or bounce it off an object, certain wavelengths are absorbed. By analyzing the spectrum of light coming from an object, we can match it against known spectrums from Hydrogen, Helium, Argon, etc, etc to figure out what it's made of. It's sort of like listening to a song and bein... | [
"We are able to detect planets much further away, yes. But we are not able to take a picture of them. We have no pictures what so ever of planets outside our solar system."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Astronomy:",
"pos": "Represent the post about Astronomy:",
"neg": "Represent the post about astronomy:"
} |
Can there be a law that prevent a bias/discrimination in the way criminal and victim are treated in our justice system based on their genders? Like a “No Gender Courtroom/reporting”? | [
"The only realistic way to eliminate sex from the equation is with one size fits all mandatory punishment for crimes. 5 years for burglary, 20 years for murder, etc. I really think that would cause the system to be less fair rather than more. The same argument can buy made for sex, race, age, education, financial ... | [
"Human rights extend to all humans Civil Rights extend to all people under a Government"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why does time seem to pass quicker as you get older? | [
"The brain condenses routine in memory. If your days are filled with similar and familiar activities, your memory of those times blur, and it seems in hindsight that not much has happened. When young, novel situations are the norm, and your memory from that time period seems to contain more...stuff. The older you ... | [
"I think it has more to do with psychology than physiology: adventure is more important to children than comfort. Our priorities shift as we get older."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How was segregation justified in the American South? | [
"Scientific racism. It was believed that white people and non-white people were fundamentally different, and the only way to protect white people from the genetically inferior non-white people was to segregate. This was further fueled by scare politics, which used lies and intimidation to tell white people that bla... | [
"Was any Asian country capable of helping the United States during the revolutionary war?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why are the words "how come" used to ask why? | [
"It is a shortened form of \"**how** did that **come** about?\" Just like when you ask *what's up*, you mean \"what is up (new) with you?\""
] | [
"It's a reciprocal pronoun! Historically, if we're talking about two people you say \"each other\" and the \"one another\" was when you had 3 or more in the mix. E.G. \"we love each other\" for a couple and \"the people in my family love one another\" for a family of 4. In practice they are used interchangeable, wh... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why are the atmospheres in Doha/Dubai always hazy and no clouds? | [
"It's all about dryness. Clouds are caused by moisture, which this area usually lacks. The haze is caused by particles of dust in the air: the ground is so dry, bits of sand and dry dirt are blown into the air. Smoke adds to it."
] | [
"Air is clear,not blue,red, or yellow. Are you actually trying to say why the sky appears blue ? Which intern will devolve why it can actually also appear yellow and red even green."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
When someone "smacks" some kind of electronics device, what happens inside of them that sometimes makes them start working again? | [
"Lots of chips have tens to hundreds of little pins that have to be soldered to the board. Any flexing can cause one or more of those pins to break loose. Now sometimes this won't cause it to stop working if pressure is still keeping the pin and the pad in contact. But sometimes, it doesn't, and when you hit the de... | [
"I can field this one. Electronics have a bunch of little tiny wires that carry electrical signals where they are supposed to go. When you dunk it in water, the electricity goes through the water instead of the tiny wires, gets where it isn't supposed to, and that breaks the device. It's not just water that ruins e... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why does alcohol kill them germs when you put it on your skin, but not when you drink it? | [
"Alcohol kills cells through direct contact. If you have an infection and you drink alcohol, its never going physically come in contact with the infectious germs. Its just going to enter your blood stream and make your body less efficient at fighting the disease."
] | [
"You can drink a small amount of rubbing alcohol and it's not going to hurt you. You shouldn't get into the habit of drinking rubbing alcohol, but a small amount won't do much. Alternatively, if you were to dunk an open wound into a container of alcohol and let it absorb a bottle's worth of it, you might see some ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Microbiology:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Microbiology:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How do Chinese people input their languages on a keyboard when they have over thousands of characters in their lexicon? | [
"There's 3 common methods I use. It's basically a variation of splitting the word in to smaller chunks. 1. 倉頡 - Basically, every alphabet on your [keyboard](_URL_4_) (a-z) is assigned to an element word (bottom left of a key). So in order to type the word 倉, you'll have to input 人(O) 戈 (I) 日 (A) 口 (R). [Also, shown... | [
"To put it very simply, it's because Chinese hanzi characters do not indicate a certain pronunciation, but a specific meaning. For example, a character means \"dog,\" but does not tell you how to pronounce it. So, \"dog\" has a different spoken word in Mandarin and Cantonese, but the same character. What complicate... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
rural communities often have one option for television. Like the company makes a monopoly and that is all you can get. Why? | [
"You're talking about cable TV, right? The problem is that it costs *shitloads* of money to run cable across a community. Even in large cities, you seldom have more than one provider to chose from because it's just not cost-effective to build a *second* cable system. When it's a rural community that doesn't have mu... | [
"you can only get 60 channels on cable. Without net neutrality you may eventually be limited to 60 websites."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why whistleblowing is dangerous to the whistleblower and in some cases illegal? | [
"It's not illegal to blow the whistle on illegal behavior. The problem in this case is that what the NSA is doing might actually be legal. As for support for Snowden vs Manning: Are you sure that's true? It might just appear that way because it's going on now and is fresh in everyone's memories. Time will tell if ... | [
"Giving legal advice without a license is a crime, and paying people to speak for you without disclosing it is a violation of legal ethics."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why is America so far behind other countries when it comes to things like PTO, maternity leave, etc? | [
"The wealthy have managed to convince the working class that the working class is evil and the cause of all their problems."
] | [
"You hire a temp. The same way you deal with someone who has to take medical leave or any other sort of extended absence. It's not just Scandinavian countries that offer extended parental leaves BTW. It's most of the world."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Pat Tillman, I feel like I'm missing something | [
"He was an atheist, and at his funeral John McCain had the audacity to say \"He's with god now\", to which his brother vocally objected. He stands as the poster boy for Atheists in Foxholes, because he was good-looking, charismatic, and genuinely a good person."
] | [
"I asked someone if they saw that too, once...they thought I was crazy. I've been confused ever since"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why does the space shuttle roll after launch? | [
"To keep the astronauts under positive g while headed up to orbit. The shuttle doesn't go just straight up, it curves out over the Atlantic. When they make the transition from up to over, they roll the shuttle on its back so the crew doesn't black out from g-loc."
] | [
"Because the rockets without fins can actually be steered by the rocket motor nozzle itself. Model rockets and even the old V2 German rockets were just fixed nozzles and needed fins to produce drag when the rocket attempted to \"tip\" thus keeping the bottom below the top. Also, model rockets do not leave the atmos... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does "loading" in video games work? | [
"Data is stored on a hard drive or disc. Both are really slow. Memory [RAM] is used as temporary data storage. RAM is quick. The processor only works with data stored in RAM. When a game needs to load something, it moves what it needs from the hard drive to the RAM."
] | [
"Could you clarify your question? What do you mean by work?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do really long exposure photos weigh more MB? Shouldn't every pixel have the same amount of information regardless of how many seconds it was exposed? | [
"The jpeg format we store photos in is designed to store a good photograph efficiently. A good photo has large areas of smooth, even gradients, and Jpeg does a great job of *compressing* these to take up less space. A long exposure photo will have more random 'roughness' in the picture. It will be much more *noisy*... | [
"Essentially, the camera is a light detector, and the more time the shutter stays open, the more light info it has. Then, using that info over time, the camera interpolates one image where the spots that were lit the most over time are the brightest and voila, more exposure. The problem with that, however, is that ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is 'I am.' a complete sentence while 'I'm.' is not? | [
"Although technically 'I'm' is a contraction of 'I am', there are differences in usage. 'I'm' is less formal, and is is universally followed with more words which describe what you are, usually an adjective (eg, 'I'm tall'). For instance, if I you asked me if I was a reddit poster, I could say 'I am', but I couldn'... | [
"A phrase is a group of words without a subject doing a verb, e.g. \"typing this phrase\". A clause is a group of words that includes a subject and a verb, e.g. \"while I was typing this clause\"."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why haven't we been back to the moon if we've already been? Why haven't we been back since then? | [
"It's really expensive, and not incredibly valuable scientifically to send humans to the moon. You are far better off spending those dollars on probes sent to other planets and moons in the solar system. The only justification for sending humans to the moon is to 1.) Prove you can do it, and 2.) One up the Soviet U... | [
"We aren't really trying to colonize Mars. We haven't even sent a single human there yet."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
where do rivers start? | [
"Technically, in the sky. Rainfall hits the ground in geographically delineate areas called 'catchment basins'. Basically these areas are divided by high ridges. All the rain falling on one side of a ridge may run down to the east, and all the rain falling on the other side to the west, for example. This rainfall f... | [
"Crashing in the ocean > crashing in populated areas."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why is Politics not a compulsory course from high school through college? | [
"A \"politics\" course sounds a lot like government indoctrination. In high school (Colorado, USA) we already have courses that cover the branches of government, how elections work, etc. How much further do you think it should go?"
] | [
"College and universities are both post-secondary education in the US. However, Universities tend to be larger institutions and more research-oriented than college with more advanced degrees offered, but the words are mostly interchangeable in everyday language. EDIT: In the US, it generally goes (and this is flexi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how do you install something on a hard drive that has nothing to install it onto (eg operating system onto a blank hard drive)? | [
"Computers have tiny computers inside them Caledonia the BIOS. It has just enough smarts to let you move files from some storage device onto the hard drive"
] | [
"Where else are you going to run it from? You're trying to delete your current OS essentially. You can't run something off an OS that's in the process of being deleted."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
What is a choke hold? | [
"Respiratory and vascular chokeholds restrict blood flow to the brain, depriving it of oxygen. In turn, somebody being \"choked out\" loses consciousness. If the brain is deprived of oxygen for prolonged periods, serious brain damage can occur. Chokeholds are used in a variety of martial arts. Either as a self-defe... | [
"What the heck is a parcel pick up?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why is self-harm such a relief? | [
"Sometimes the physical pain blocks out the mental pain"
] | [
"Is there something stressing you out that you can't stop thinking about? Alternatively, could be a sleep disorder."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Sleep and fatigue:"
} |
what we can expect IF Romney was elected. | [
"None really. Most people don't realize that our government is a little more skewed than originally designed. The vast majority of things people blame on the president are a result of Congress making poor/no decisions."
] | [
"He's not. He's seeking to be democratic presidential nominee. ELyou're5: he's hoping democrats will let him be leader of their club."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does a hypodermic needle not just get gummed up with a core sample of the flesh it pierced into? | [
"A needle is shaped so that the flesh goes around the needle, not through it. The front of a hypodermic needle is ['beveled'](_URL_0_), which means it has a slanted shape. You put the pointy side to the skin when you go in, and it separates the tissue so it doesn't go into the hollow part of the needle. It also (us... | [
"The needle isn't the issue, the liquid injected into your muscle capsule is. It can be a matter of some pressure or discomfort, bruising and the like, or it can be a localized reaction to the substances being injected, sometimes an immune response. If someone stuck you with a needle and injected nothing, it would... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are the Greek and Roman Gods, legends and myths so similar | [
"They are the same stories. The Romans adopted the Greek gods and myths because Greece was the most prestigious culture in the northern med."
] | [
"Mythology is the stories and tales of the origin of the universe and its peoples and other inhabitants. All religions have a mythology. Like the Bible in Christianity, the Torah in Judaism, or the Koran in Islam. However, because people are weird, if you believe in the mythology, you are likely to not believe it i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are Teslas super fast off the line and yet at a certain point a non-electric super car will catch up to it? | [
"It's pretty simple, they have instant full torque at any RPM (where most automatic cars are at ~4000RPM or 1500RPM-3000RPM if turbo boosted), however, they are not powerful motors, at least not as powerful as a Lambo, meaning their horsepower isn't enough, plus, Tesla's are damn heavy, over 1000lb heavier."
] | [
"How long do you want to take to accelerate? Merging onto the highway in a reasonable time takes far more power than maintaining a constant speed. There are plenty of 1.0 l cars for sale in Europe. They take about 17 +/- seconds to reach 100 kph, but they are very fuel efficient. No one would buy them here in the U... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why is there a split second between feeling an impact (eg, stubbing your toe) and feeling the pain? | [
"The time it takes for the feelings to reach your brain and your brain to process that as \"painful\""
] | [
"There is a theory that by creating another sensation to rival a painful one, you can block the nerve signals coming from the pain. E.g. when you bump your head or arm and then rub it to take the pain away. This is called the gate control theory. It’s possible that by creating a heat sensation, it dulls the transmi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
why many malls are closing across us? | [
"Because no one goes to them anymore. Why would we? We can get the best stuff online and not have to deal with a damn mall."
] | [
"because there are business owners and stockholders out there looking for different ways to do things The tv ads during Sunday morning news shows are even more obscure - defense contractors, food processing companies, etc."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can Hooters hire strictly female servers without getting into some kind of legal trouble concerning discrimination? | [
"There's a provision in the law which says > Notwithstanding any other provision... it shall not be an unlawful employment practice for an employer to hire and employ employees... on the basis of his religion, sex, or national origin in those certain instances where religion, sex, or national origin is a bona fide ... | [
"Because you have the right to refuse service as long as it isn't against a protected class, and being a Blackhawks fan isn't considered a protected class that requires legal assistance to defend."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why do public toilet seats have a gap in the front and household toilet seats don't? | [
"Taken from Wikipedia : The International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials' Uniform Plumbing Code, section 409.2.2, requires that \"all water closet seats, except those within dwelling units or for private use, shall be of the open front type\". There is an exception for toilets with an automatic to... | [
"Urinals don't require you to fully take your pants down. Using a toilet does."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Question about public women's toilets:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Question about public women's toilets:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How are firefighters able to determine what caused a fire to start? Ex. A fire was started by a match or a lit cigarette. Wouldn't the evidence be burned up by that point? | [
"Often fires burn away from the ignition point. Plus, fire forensics investigators study burn patterns, so they know from the scorch marks the location of the source of the fire and the likely ignition cause, based on the patterns they see in the burns. They might not, for example, know if the fire was started by a... | [
"If you're having a difficult time wrapping your head around u/cdb03b or u/WRSaunders answers, try thinking about it more abstractly. We use water to \"kill\" fire. If a building catches on fire, we call the firemen. The fireman puts out the fire with water. The fireman/water does not also repair the damage already... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about food safety:"
} |
I grew up thinking that turning off your engine for a short stop only uses more fuel. How are the current start-stop functions a good idea if this is true? | [
"This is still true. Cars with automatic start-stop function won't stop again if the last start was not long enough ago."
] | [
"Below a certain amount of time, it's more efficient to allow an engine to idle than switching it off, since restarting uses a small chunk of fuel. For a car, it's about three minutes of idling per start, so unless you're waiting longer than that, just leave it running. I don't know what the equivalent amount of ti... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why isn't the insurance industry lobbying heavily to stop climate change? | [
"NPR reported yesterday on the fact that many insurance agencies are, in fact, doing just this."
] | [
"He has twice tried to get it shut down completely but the senate blocked the action. In lieu of shutting it down- he now wants to de-power it by pretending that he wishes to make rooftop solar and wind stand on their own without government help. I believe this is because he is against anything that smacks of legit... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why are houses in older communities so spaced out in age, compared to newer neighborhoods?(US) | [
"Most neighborhoods built after the 1950s, ie subdivisions in the suburbs, are built all at once. Meaning they will all be built within a year of each other and use 1-5 building plans. Homes built in cities or on privately owned lots outside the city limits that are not a part of a subdivision are built as the owne... | [
"Suburbs were developed with housing additions specifically targeted to bring middle class families from the cities. As a result, the suburbs often have fewer poor people than the cities. And crime rates are usually a function of poverty rates."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What is stopping any one from dropping another A bomb? | [
"The knowledge that if they do, an A-bomb will be dropped on them. It's called MAD (Mutually Assured Destruction) and it's actually kind of worked so far. When many of the world's largest countries can fire within a few minutes, there's no guarantee that the person who orders a nuke won't be nuked themselves before... | [
"OP, how about a short explanation about how you know this?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why are ad videos shown without problem on my phone but when the video starts the internet becomes slow? | [
"Because ads are cached, because they are smaller and loaded more frequently than videos. Moreover, they doesn't come from the targeted site but from an API that is [probably geographically closer to you than the site server](_URL_0_)."
] | [
"It's fake, trust me. When I would try too watch a video, sometimes it suddenly buffers completely, but when it gets to the suddenly buffered part, it would just stop. Just a glitch."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why isn't America's massive debt being considered a larger problem? | [
"US debt is not the same as personal debt. US debt is sold as a point of investment in the form of government bonds. It is also one of the safest forms of investment as the US has never defaulted on any of its bonds when they have come due, and they do not all come due at once. We also have a better debt to GDP ra... | [
"I think a better question for this topic might be what is national debt and how does it translate into a monetary amount."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
why does being upset mentally cause physical symptoms of sickness? | [
"Mental upset causes your body to release stress hormone. Prolonged presence of stress hormone triggers shut down of digestive functions which causes the diarrhoea, loss of appetite, inappropriate reaction to certain foods, ect. It also alters brain functions which can cause headaches, brain fog, ect. The immune sy... | [
"Heart break can't cause the common cold, the common cold is a virus that attacks your immune system, whereas heart break is caused by emotional pain. It could have weakened your immune system enough for something to infect you otherwise. Hope you're alright and get better soon!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is there such a lack of the color blue in nature? | [
"Simply put: It's quite expensive, biologically speaking. This will probably get removed for not being specific enough or something, but that sums it up."
] | [
"There is no such thing as guilt by association in the USA."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Law and Entertainment:"
} |
When animals appear to be smiling, are they really doing so out of joy or is it just a human misinterpretation? | [
"Animal body language and signals are very different from ours. Apes for example, can be taught to smile as we do, but in the wild, displaying your teeth is a threat or sign of aggression. Their \"happy\" smile is an open mouth with no teeth showing."
] | [
"We are social creatures by nature. We are decent at determining emotion from facial expressions, as such we are prone to make those same expressions to show how we are feeling. I thought for a while it was learned behavior but blind people smile and deaf people laugh, so this is naturally ingrained in us to show o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why insane persons cannot be executed via capital punishment when the Americans with Disabilities Act (1990) prohibits discrimination? | [
"That's a hell of a cross-connection! The ADA prohibits _situational_ discrimination. It is not a thing that says \"you can't treat people differently\". So..thats part of it. There are five titled areas of the ADA, each covering these specific circumstances. The application of criminal justice isn't one of them. E... | [
"The 10th amendment says \"if it's not in the Constitution, the states are in charge\". The 14th Amendment says \"No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States\" and the Supreme Court ruled that refusing to issue marriage licenses to gay cou... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
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