query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
What do people without permanent addresses do during elections? | [
"The only people without a permanent address are the homeless or the tiny number of people caught between homes staying with a friend or at a hotel. Both groups are basically ignored. If you are talking about college students, their permanent address is with their parent/guardian legally."
] | [
"Why is this vote happening and why should I care/not care as someone who doesn't live in UK?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do some electronics have a 'maximum operating altitude' | [
"10 seconds on google Capacators (Breakdown voltage) is also affected by pressure, humidity and temperature"
] | [
"Follow up question, how do those little pressure areas on older AA batteries give a readout on the level??"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Technology:"
} |
Why do our ears "perk" up when we hear certain noises? | [
"Most other mammals have ears that swivel to turn towards sounds so that they can hear them better (like cats). Great Apes (which humans are descended from) have lost that ability. However, the muscles (as tiny as they now are) are still there and still instinctively respond. [Here are some other things we've lost ... | [
"Things do not go mute when you fall asleep. Nothing could be further from the truth. And your ears still function. You just don't remember them. The brain will often usually disregard all sounds but ones that could indicate danger, like babies crying, glass breaking, doors opening, very loud things, and the like."... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and Wellness:"
} |
Why does scurvy open old wounds? | [
"Yes, wounds are essentially stitched up with collagen, which forms scar tissue. Scurvy is a deficiency of vitamin C, and collagen formation requires vitamin C, so the collagen in your body gradually breaks down."
] | [
"Salt kills the bacteria/germs AND helps you heal, that's why some cultures rub salt on wounds."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why are there no regulations on how bright headlights can be? (And if there are, why so bright?) | [
"What you are talking about is people using HID bulbs in their headlights. This bulbs aren't designed to be used in most standard oem reflector headlight housings, they are supposed to be used in projector housings. The reflector housings scatters the light hence the blinding effect. Part of the problem is you can ... | [
"The Low Beam setting will often point the high-beams onto the road as opposed to straight in front of the car, and it is rare (except for rainy days where the road would be 'shiny') that the Low Beams would blind an oncoming driver. The high-beams, on the other hand, are meant to provide visibility in extremely da... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
If I am walking with a full glass of water and holding it in a normal grip the liquid would slosh and spill out but if I hold it from the top around the rim the sloshing effect lessens dramatically. | [
"it is inertia. The water doesn't move as fast as the cup (which is solid and doesn't have a choice). So the slower water builds up on the side opposite of the motion. this makes it slosh. Same way if you accelerate in a roller coaster you feel like you are being pushed back into the seat. The sloshing is the water... | [
"I haven't taken many physics classes, but I believe it relieves the stress on the bottom of the bottle when you squeeze it. This allows the bottle to be able to be squeezed easier and not have the bottom pop out. If the bottom pops out the bottle wouldn't be able to balance on a flat surface."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
The difference between techno, electro, dubstep, and drum & bass? | [
"For everything you ever wanted to know about electronic music (and probably much, MUCH more than you cared about) there is the excellent [Ishkur's Guide To Electronic Music](_URL_7_). It's just old enough to predate dubstep but otherwise it's absurdly complete. And now, some examples using well-known tracks from e... | [
"I made a quick check on wiki (sorry) and its explanation did make sense. The definitions are different depending on where you are. In the US Electronica isn't a separate genre but an unbrella term that encompasses all other genres that are based around electronic music such as Dance, Techno, Trance, etc. In the re... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why are solar powered desalination plants not widely used? | [
"We currently don't have the technology to make desalination plants that are cheap and effective. It takes a lot of energy to treat water, and solar energy isn't quite sufficient yet. We need better solar panels, and to make construction of solar panels to become cheaper. It'll likely happen in time, but not for at... | [
"Sure, you could use it to make bio-diesel and then use diesel generators to make electricity. It's more than possible, it could be engineered. However, there are less expensive ways to make electricity, like solar panels or wind generators. We have no shortage of energy, economic factors balance which sources are ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
When I pour a glass of water and it sits for a few days, small bubbles form inside the diameter of the glass. Why is this? | [
"There is air dissolved into the water, not enough to make it fizzy like soda but enough that if you give it time small bubbles will collect at nuclation(spots where the gas molecules can get stuck and collect) points in the glass"
] | [
"It has to do with what's around them while they freeze. Try this experiment. Place two trays next to each other on a shelf. The ice will pop out of both trays just fine. For the next batch place the trays on top of each other. The top tray's ice will come out just fine while the bottom tray's ice will stick and cr... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How did man discover smoking things like tobacco and marijuana? What made those plants special to give them the idea? | [
"They probably just started out by throwing random things in the fire as fuel or to create smoke (which is great for keeping bugs away). One day someone threw on the leaves of one particular plant and it was **awesome** so they did it again."
] | [
"Not every culture did. Some figured out that if you dip certain leaves in hot water, it tastes good, and some learned it from other cultures. The concept of tea is relatively simple. It's not much of a stretch for every culture to figure it out on their own."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
; what is a social worker and what kind of jobs do they do | [
"My mother was a social worker in a hospital. She helped the families when they needed help. Was kind of a resource directory for them to get help...ie rehab, public aid, AA, battered woman, etc. During her life also came along the psych wards of today. These include drug addicts, and the mentally unstable. She wo... | [
"psychologist. advanced degree in psychology. cannot prescribe meds. psychiatrist. degree in medicine. can prescribe meds. your results may vary."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why do short naps give you so much energy, yet long naps make you so tired when you wake up? | [
"Psychological point of view: Long naps confuse the body and disrupt your original sleeping schedule, which already decreases your quality of sleep, while a short sleep can give you a quick burst of energy without disrupting sleep pattern. The brain does understand that short naps are normal and don't directly inte... | [
"Absolutely take a 20 minute power nap, just make sure you don't sleep for too long. If you over do it, you'll feel groggy as all hell when you wake up. 20 minutes is enough that you'll feel refreshed afterwards, but short enough you won't fall into a deep sleep. I do it all the time at work (truck driver), it's f... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does a paused YouTube video not retain the same video quality as when its playing? | [
"YouTube compresses video fairly aggressively. One of the ways this manifests itself is blocky artefacts. Normally these artefacts will blur across frames, meaning when frames are viewed at the normal speed you generally don't notice the artefacting as much, but paused only artefacts on that individual frame are se... | [
"It could be a combination of several factors. - Ads are usually stored on a separate server, which may be faster than the actual video server - Ads could be of a lower resolution, or simply better compressed - If you have seen the same ad previously, your browser will likely have a \"cached\" copy stored on your h... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
What is hydrated salt, and how is it different from saltwater? | [
"Sort of. A hydrated salt has water molecules incorporated into its solid crystal structure. Each formula unit in a hydrated salt includes a certain number of water molecules squished in with it, so there is water there, but the whole thing is a solid crystal like dry table salt. Salt water is a fully dissolved sol... | [
"It isn't just water, there are trace minerals added to affect taste."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Science:"
} |
How does apple make money off of apple pay if there's no fee? | [
"there's no fee to the customer. there is a fee to the vendor."
] | [
"Way back in the day they were seperate companies. Ebay bought paypal because it was there best choice and they had the money. Now with so many other options of online billpay it makes perfect sense to split apart again. This is probably better for ebay than paypal since they will be able to use other services and ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why are our eyes extremely sensitive to foreign objects? (Shampoo, eyelashes, poolwater, etc.) | [
"Because your eyes are really important, they need to be hyper aware of when things threaten them, and they tear up to remove whatever is in them"
] | [
"Eyebrows keep the sweat from your brow out of your eyes. Eyelashes limit dust and whatnot getting into your eyes."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how people become left or right handed | [
"I believe it's predetermined at birth. I am right handed and my mother is left handed. She used to tell me that she'd watch which hand I used to pick up things as a baby to see if I'd be left or right handed and already from a very, very early age my right hand was dominant. This [article](_URL_0_) also suggests ... | [
"More time and energy spent on brain development, and we have so many cultural nuances to learn it's better to lean those before becoming independent."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Given that America has one of the most powerful armies. Why don't they use that power to stomp out Mexican cartels and the gang problems in and around the USA? | [
"The first one would mean the US is invading Mexico. You can't just take an army and go into another country and blow shit up and kill people. Mexico has their own police that should do that, and they partner with Americans and get support from Americans all the time. Similar thing with the second situation. State... | [
"I know that the US gives Colombia a lot of money to shut down cartels before they become powerful...and they are pushed out of major cities and into the jungle. Its kind of like a win win. They get major cities back for tourism and the production of drugs is out of sight out of mind in the jungle somewhere. Also a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why do 8 electrons form a stable shell? Why not 7? 6? 4? 2? | [
"It isn't quite as simple as that, and some heavier elements have more than 8 in their outer shell, but 8 is very common and I'll try to explain why. Electrons are organized into shapes called Orbitals. 2 electrons can share an orbital, each with opposite spin. The simplest orbital shape is a sphere (S orbital), so... | [
"Here is a possible way: What is the square root of 5? I don't know, but it's between 1 and 5! Maybe it's 2.5. Let's check. 2.5 squared is 6.25. Oh no, that's too big. So it's between 1 and 2.5. Maybe it's 1.25. Let's check. 1.25 squared is 1.5625. Oh no, that's too small. So it's between 1.25 and 2.5. Maybe it's ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why do some really popular reddit posts suddenly lose thousands of upvotes? | [
"There's an algorithm in place to equalize stupidly high karma scores; i imagine the intent is to prevent hugely popular posts from dominating the front page for more than a few hours. gotta keep the content cycling."
] | [
"I'm not entirely sure, but from what I remember reading a while back, it has to do with the way that Reddit's ranking algorithm sorts the frontpage. It's the reason why you aren't subscribed to every single subreddit by default; all of the smaller subreddits would dominate the front page. I guess the ranking algor... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why should the average American fear CISPA? | [
"Yes. It allows them to search without a warrant."
] | [
"In the real world why would anyone want to be a politician?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Government and politics:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Government and politics:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How can one city be the "turning point" of a war? | [
"A useful trade route could be broken, political hostages could be taken, large amounts of citizens could be killed, military outposts could be destroyed, or it could have been the first city attacked. For example Pearl Harbor or Nagasaki. Pearl Harbor was when the US joined the war, nagasaki was approximately when... | [
"Going back in time and preventing the Libyan Revolution is probably the only way to create peace within the next decade."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Whats a good way to think about the difference between amps and volts? | [
"I find [this image](_URL_0_) very useful! Amperage is what you are moving, voltage is what is pushing the amperage and resistance is changing the difficulty to push amperage."
] | [
"I think you will have to define your question a bit more. Are you generally asking us to explain correlation and translation of pressure and forces?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why can Windows delete a large number of files almost instantly but it takes a much longer time to restore them from the recycle bin? | [
"Resorting files from the bin has some additional overhead in dealing with conflicts (e.g. Checking that a file with that exact name isn't already in the same folder as the original file.)"
] | [
"The recycling bin is basically a folder in your computer that files end up in when you do a normal delete on them. Other than that there isn't much special about it. When you \"empty\" your recycling bin you're having the computer actually delete the files, which gives you more space on your harddrive."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How does NSDAP abbreviate to Nazi? | [
"yeah as said, it's just the pronunciation. national is pronounced 'nazi-o-nahl', the sozialismus bit doesnt even come into it."
] | [
"For the sake of the acronym, it's a good thing you didn't decide to create Cooking Like I'm Ten."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How did telephone operators work and how come we don't need them anymore? | [
"Before electronic switching, when you picked up the phone, nothing happened. You turned a crank and the operator saw a light come on. Then they (usually she) plugged a wire into your jack and asked you what you wanted. You said you wanted to talk to Aunt Sue, and she connected a wire to Aunt Sue's jack and sent a ... | [
"It may come as a surprise to redditors, but many (elderly) people don't use the internet at all or, even if they have access to it, don't want to boot their computers just to look up a phone number."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does snot change when you are sick? | [
"Your body is continually producing mucus but if you get sick (I'm presuming you mean a cold or similar), this irritates the tissues and causes mucus production firstly to increase, so you make more of it. Your immune system also floods the infected tissues with various white blood cells to control the infection an... | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do such large objects get lodged so deeply in the noses of sea turtles? | [
"When the turtle eats something too big, or non-digestible, it'll attempt to regurgitate it. Through some mistake in their anatomy, sometimes the object will not go through their mouths on the way out, but will instead attempt to go through the nose, lodging it in."
] | [
"Apparently the body releases a certain odor that is undetectable to humans, but not to dogs right before some types of seizures."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
where's the best place to position a fan to cool down | [
"Well, I suppose blowing directly on you? However, I have some other thoughts on this and you can't stop me from writing them here. To cool a house with a fan, open one window at one end of the house, and the doors of course, and then put a fan blowing out in a window at the other end of the house. As the warm air ... | [
"There are some large marks which will flash in a corner that indicate when to change the roll of film."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why we don't constantly feel "growing pains" at a young age? | [
"Research has been coming out suggesting that vitamin d is the cause of growing pains in children. [This study](_URL_0_) found that 86% of the children they studied had vitamin d deficiency, and after giving them supplements there was a drastic reduction of pain. What is implied then is that during this period of ... | [
"Because we get tired of the lack of empathy when we're honest about our feelings. We put on a mask that is a caricature of the world we hate Source: I'm the life of the party weekly, and contemplate suicide several times a year."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why are some things like Richter and Decibel measured in a non-linear scale? What benefit is there? | [
"Well, generally logarithmic scales are used because they are useful. In the case of hearing it is because our senses are designed in much the same way. It takes ten times the volume of sound for something to \"sound\" twice as loud to humans. Generally, the brain needs 10 times the sensory stimulus to sense someth... | [
"Units are arbitrary. Every value that has units is arbitrary, and the numbers themselves are used in order to relate the constant's value to our unit system. An example would be the planck length, whose value is roughly 1.616*10^-35 meters. In another unit system, say an alien's system even, the numerical value wo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Mathematics:"
} |
Why do you need to register to vote, shouldn't you automatically be registered when you are born and unregistered when you die? | [
"Registering to vote is about making sure that they know you are a citizen (something that is recorded from birth), and making sure that you vote in the proper district for where you live. Your physical house location is the most important part needed for the registration process as you could have a completely diff... | [
"Voting is one of the most hallowed rights of US citizens. Ideally there should be absolutely no requirement imposed to be able to vote. A homeless guy who can't afford an ID should be able to go into a polling place and vote, same as everyone else."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why Do We Tend To Notice Things in Pairs? Or, why does there seem to be a general consensus that even numbers are more, "attractive"? | [
"I've always looked at it as it has to do with being symmetrical. You can divide even numbers into two equal halves. When you look at someone and find them attractive their face is normally symmetrical. People without birth defects have symmetrical sides of the body, two arms, two legs, ten fingers and so on. This ... | [
"Different, but not too different. That's the golden rule. That's why you aren't attracted to trees, for example."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment about biology:"
} |
as a non-american, what are HOAs? Every story I've ever heard about HOAs in America makes them out to horrible, petty and just all around pointless. What is the point of a homeowners association? What do they do other than bother people? Are there non-horror stories? | [
"They're Homeowner's Associations. When you buy a house or condo, if an HOA has been established in the community, you're essentially contractually forced into paying some amount of money each month to fund the HOA, and you agree to follow the HOA's rules. The HOA then typically uses that money to maintain and upgr... | [
"Have you checked with the city code enforcement office to see if any of these things are actually allowed? You don't need an HOA to require basic maintenance or have noise ordinances. You're already paying taxes to a local government & police force to make sure that your community is safe and livable. A big reason... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do you feel tired after sleeping for too long? | [
"Two main reasons. One, the stages of your sleep happen in cycles. When you oversleep and go past that \"happy point\", it may mean that you're entering another version of deep sleep. If you wake up during this, you're more groggy because you've interrupted a primary \"rehabilitation\" phase. Two, the longer you sl... | [
"You can't fall asleep at night because you nap in the afternoon. Stop napping, as hard as it may be."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Sleep and its effects on the body:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment about Sleep and its effects on the body:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment about Sleep and boredom:"
} |
How do they get that footage of forming foetuses from inside the womb? | [
"I'm not the OP, but I came in here hoping to see the answer as it concerns actual photographs of developing fetuses. As in, full color actual pics, not sonograms or the like. I would link to a sample pic, but all the top google images appear to be on anti-abortion websites and fuck those guys."
] | [
"It is a seam left over from when you were formed in your mothers womb."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
If BOFA bought Countrywide after they sold defective mortgages, why is the US government suing them for it? | [
"When you buy a company, you also buy that company's past, both the good and the bad. Outstanding lawsuits and contracts are included in this. iirc, the cost to the government from the specific fraudulent actions this penalty is for was estimated at about $1billion, so the fine recovers about 84% of that. I wouldn... | [
"I'm confused? When you sue someone you don't take away all their assets in most cases. Just the amount needed to repair the damages. Also, Fannie and Freddie aren't the only lenders, and they aren't a traditional lender in the first place."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do towns have the population listed on road signs? | [
"Depending on where the town is located, that could be the law. It is also a point of civic pride. When the city I live in hit 100,000 people they made a big deal about it everywhere. It can also be helpful information for the traveling public. Town of 500, you'll be lucky they have a gas station. Town of 20,000, t... | [
"Does it matter if there is water instead of roads between a number of small towns? We have boats and bridges."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
What is Abstract methods/classes in Programming languages. | [
"So it's related to inheritance so I'll start there. So let's say you have a class, we'll call it \"animal\". Nothing is JUST an animal, we'll have a subclass for \"human\", \"monkey\" and \"turtle\" which inherit from animal. This is great because if there are things that we need to keep track of for all animals w... | [
"Avast ye! Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5 Object Oriented Programming Languages ](_URL_6_) ^(_16 comments_) 1. [ELI5: Objected oriented programming ](_URL_2_) ^(_ > 100 comments_) 1. [ELI5: The 4 major principles of Object Oriented Programming: Encapsulation, Abstraction, Inher... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
is the U.S actually thinking about taking in Syrian refugees? | [
"Nope they very much are. Back in September Secretary of State John Kerry announced a plan to take about 85k total from around the world in 2016, with another 100k in 2017. _URL_0_ The White House has also come out and said that the Paris attacks will not change the plans. The US has some MAJOR advantages when it c... | [
"This question is going to have to be put in the same status as Israel/Palestine questions. President Assad is the legitimate leader of Syria. He also used chemical weapons on his on people. President Obama said that crossed the line in the sand. President Assad should not be the leader of Syria. But president Oba... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
In my basement I can hear the squeaky floor from the footsteps above, how can I know that my house wont just collapse? Why are the floors squeaky? | [
"You could [theoretically] remove all the floors in your home and it will not collapse. Over time, nails loosen. They are still in there doing their job, but get a bit of wiggle room over time. It's nothing to be alarmed about."
] | [
"It seems to come as a surprise to my dog, every time he farts the noise spooks him. Also do you go sit on the toilet or go outside every time you fart?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why is water a liquid at room temperature, yet hydrogen and Oxygen, which are the elements water is made of, a gas at room temperature? | [
"Hydrogen and Oxygen are both positive, but oxygen is more positive. Therefore the oxygen atom in water holds onto the electrons most of the time. Because of this, the water molecule looks little bit like a magnet, with the oxygen side being more negative (as it holds onto more electrons) and the hydrogen side bein... | [
"Let's take water as an example here for a moment. Water is a liquid at room temperature, but if you heat it up it becomes a gas that we call steam. If you make water cold it becomes a solid which we call ice. These changes in state occur because of temperature. Nitrogen gas undergoes the same changes in state as w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why can't you see clearly underwater without goggles? | [
"Our eyes work by bending light so it focuses on our retina. The degree to which light bends is determined by the how fast light travels in both the medium we are looking through and our eyes. The greater the difference between these two numbers, the more the light bends. When we see things normally the light pass... | [
"They help keep sweat and moisture from going directly into your eyes. I wonder if they help with glare from the sun as well."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Black American accent/dialect | [
"Different groups develop different dialects if they don't intermingle much- it's why you'll find people in different social strata sound different. (The guy in the bleachers at Fenway and the Kennedys aren't exactly talking with the dialect.) Since African Americans have been pushed out of main (white) Society fo... | [
"Same difference between color and colour. Continent-based spelling differences."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Professional gaming? | [
"Prize pool comes from whatever company sponsors a particular event. If it is LCS, for example, it comes from Riot (the company that created League of Legends). If it is IEM (Intel Extreme Masters), then it's Intel. Cloud9 and CLG aren't very big. Until very recently they were only involved in League of Legends, ab... | [
"Relevant entertaining and informative youtube video Electrocution in Water: _URL_0_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does Iceland still use patronymic names (eg Magnus Samuelsson = Magnus son of Samuel)? Does this not cause any bureaucratic difficulties? | [
"If your system is set up to process it that system is no more problematic than any other naming system."
] | [
"Usually males also pass on their surnames, so there is a long western tradition of fathers passing their names down to their sons to show lineage. For example, can you guess the name of Henry VIII's father? This wouldn't normally work for females as their surname would change when married."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why are the Destiny load screens so long even though it's saved to my hard drive? | [
"Some of the loading is also synchronising with the network. Which pulls in the players you have on your team any randomers in the area and any random events that happen on the map. None of that is on the disc or your hard drive :)"
] | [
"So, I've read a lot of the answers, most of them are saying similar things. Where does it save the vide on your computer? For example, if I have less than a GB of space left on my computer, why can I still watch a several-minute HD video on YouTube without running out of space?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If a space elevator was built, would it get bent or flung out into space because of Earth's rotation? | [
"It can't be done with current materials. There isn't anything strong enough, that is light enough to use. As for the way it works, it would need a \"counter weight\" in a geosynchronous orbit. Meaning that it would be orbiting the earth in the same direction as the earth is spinning and at the same speed. This is ... | [
"The rope would snap. But if you are assuming the rope is indestructible and somehow locked in a position that wouldn't be ripped out, then it would be really, really bad. Since the moon orbits much slower than an earth day, the rotating earth would pull the moon towards earth until it came crashing through the atm... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post about writing:"
} |
how does acupunture work | [
"Broadly speaking, there's actually no scientific reason to think that it works at all. In particular, the idea of 'energy meridians' has been thoroughly debunked over the years. The best thing we can say about acupuncture right now is that there is a *possibility* that needle insertion *might* have *some* degree o... | [
"Okay is a true ELI5 because I'm going to simplify a bit. Depression happens when xertain areas of the brain have much less activity than they should and have imbalanced chemicals. Exercise works becaise endorohins make you feel good and tye sense of accomplishment from the risk/rewadd system releases dopamine, whi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do they ship tagliatelle as birds nests instead of boxed like spaghetti | [
"Its a marketing tactic. The bird nest layout makes it sell a lot more because its visually appealing."
] | [
"The shapes often have an actual purpose. * Thin strands like angel hair are better for light sauces like olive oil and garlic. * Thick strands like fettuccini are for thick sauces. If you used a pasta like angel hair in Alfredo sauce it would practically disappear in there. * Spaghetti is a middle ground between a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
how do they do background checks on refugees? | [
"I saw a special on the issue yesterday. They ask them where they're from, if they have family with them, how much money they have, what was their job and where they plan on going. that's it. They simply don't have the resources to do background checks, too many people."
] | [
"whats the point of hospitals if we are all going to die anyway"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do school grades work in America? Bart Simpson is in fourth grade. What "class" is that? | [
"For most children, first grade starts when you are six years old. You progress one grade per year, graduating at eighteen in twelfth grade."
] | [
"Periods are just what each class is called in some high schools. See you next period just means I'll see you in our next class."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What's the difference between wisdom and intelligence? | [
"“Knowledge (intelligence) is knowing that a tomato is a fruit, wisdom is not putting it in a fruit salad.” ― Miles Kington"
] | [
"It's not about the method but the motives."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What software do game developers use to put maps together? | [
"They make their own most of the time. There are way too many to list, so I'm going to list the 2 most popular ones (going to skip the ones from UE and Unity): - Radiant: used in every single id Tech 3+ game and games based on that engine (the most popular one being of course, Call of Duty) - Hammer: originated fro... | [
"A game engine is a program that provides many of the basic features of a game, such as graphics, realistic physics, sound, etc. Using a game engine saves game developers time, because they don't have to rewrite that code every time they make a game. Instead, they can focus on writing code that is unique to the gam... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are sage and salt used to keep "bad spirits" out? | [
"Centuries old connotations derived from folk lore and religion. Salt is used to purify and preserve food, so it is seen to do the same in a spiritual manner. Thus you can purify an area with the ritualistic casting of salt in some belief systems, and impure things (such as ghosts) cannot cross a boundary line dra... | [
"Before science, religious held the belief that a sneeze was your body expelling demons. So blessing you was the solution for the demon being able to find its way back in."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How does a horror movie scare everyone in general, when each people are afraid of different things? | [
"> Not everyone is scared of ghosts or zombies You're right. And the people who aren't scared of zombies don't feel (as much) horror from them as people who are terrified of zombies. But *everyone* is afraid of being eaten alive - or worse, being bitten and then slowly losing control of themselves and *becoming* a ... | [
"The thing is, even the most terrifying movie is fun to make for the actors. Most horror movies are creepy by sound fx, cgi monsters or practical effects. Their goal is to scare the viewers. The actors don't experience any effects, sound or visual. The atmosphere is in the camera. If that's what you're asking, I ha... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
(I know little about business.) What would have to happen for a massive and remarkably popular company like Starbucks or McDonald's to ever go out of business? | [
"These companies are so large and resilient they probably would never go out of business unless something completely revolutionary appeared on the market that ended the need for what they provided. These corporations are deadly efficient and extremely resilient, often able to take huge losses in customers and reven... | [
"People are speculating (perhaps right, perhaps wrong) that in the future they will be able to lower their costs or raise their prices, becoming suddenly very profitable. Amazon did that."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is meth commonly portrayed as a white drug, and crack is portrayed as a black drug? Is there any truth to those portrayals? | [
"If you're poor, crack is an alternative to freebase if you're interested in smoking cocaine. It can be purchased cheaply in small quantities and gives an instant and noticeable high. As a cocaine derivative, it is only practical in a drug market that is connected to overseas distribution (i.e. urban areas). So urb... | [
"Marijuana and alcohol are not stimulants. But to answer your question: this policy was aggressively pushed in the USA, especially by the Nixon administration, because African Americans at the time were greater users of marijuana than whites, and certain politicians were looking for ways to oppress them. I'm sad to... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How OJ Simpson was able to be proven not guilty | [
"He was not \"proven not guilty\", he was \"not proven guilty\". Big difference. Then again, he lost in civil court."
] | [
"It should be noted that OJ Simpson is in jail right now. He and some accomplices robbed a sports memorabilia dealer of what he claimed was his own property at gunpoint (which is totally insane). His trial was not nearly as widely publicized as the murder trial. He was sentenced to 33 years in jail, and isn't eligi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Einstein field equations | [
"Start with the simplest form of it. [here](_URL_1_). T*_ab_* is the stress-energy tensor. It contains things like energy, momentum, and pressure. G*_ab_* is the Einstein tensor. It's related to the curvature of spacetime. 8piG/c^(4) is just a unit conversion factor; you can choose to use units where this constant ... | [
"The use what is called noise, the most well known example is perlin noise. _URL_3_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how do ships "suck" water away from coastlines? | [
"The ship displaces a lot of water. It pushes a lot of water higher in front of it. It has a 'hole' in the water behind it. In this case the ship first pushed a lot of extra water into that cove when it approached, then the water rushed in behind the ship to fill the 'hole'. When the water went to go fill in behind... | [
"It is paint to help prevent the build up of algae and barnacles on the ship. If those build up, the ship no longer glides through the water as effectively. There's no point in painting the top part because it doesn't contact the water that much."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How do they actually figure out the nutrition values in food, such as calories, carbs, cholesterol.. Etc? | [
"Nobody has really answered this question yet. I am a food scientist and work at a large food company and we have a certified analytical lab that does testing on food samples. To get the fat% for instance, one popular method is to boil a sample of the food in a non-polar compound like ether. Since fat is also non-p... | [
"A lot of sugary foods that are high in calories are also high in fats/other carbs which is adds tremendously to the amount of calories in the food. Sugars are carbohydrates, so they have 4 calories per 1 gram. Fruits are mainly just water, fiber (both have no calories), sugar, and micronutrients (vitamins, mineral... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How does a seemingly unscripted show create cutscenes? | [
"When you say cutscenes, do you mean like how they switch from the action of a guy chopping salad, to the same guy in a chair going \"I felt terrible when I messed up the salad\"? Those are recorded after actual show's events complete, they sit down and ask the person TONNNNNS of questions, so they have lots of res... | [
"Because the questions and the question-askers are screened before being given a chance to ask. It's like going to the theater and watching a play that has been scripted to seem spontaneous."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
why do you have to jailbreak a smartphone to remove bloatware? | [
"They load it on as part of the OS so it's not removable. It's like how you aren't allowed to uninstall the default keyboard. If they just put on some default apps using the app store they'd be removable the standard way but some organizations go out of their way to be a bother with their bloatware. Someone can ma... | [
"Because Apple is all about control. They can't to keep control of what apps you can buy and so on. As they don't make money from your jailbreak apps. But if you don't like what Apple have to offer and what the freedom to do what you want with your phone; just buy an Android."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do eye tests work? What does all the dots, that machine + lenses and the other stuff do? | [
"My family optometrist does the visual field test every time we go, and my mom consistently would miss lights in one particular area. They checked a few times, and then recommended she get an MRI. Turns out she had a sizeable benign tumor pressing against her optic nerve. The visual field test is the only way they ... | [
"Sometimes their machines are wrong. I have a disease called keratoconus and as a result the prescription that their machines tell them I should need and what I actually see are way off from one another. We only figured out that I had the disease to begin with because he couldn't understand why the prescription I w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why would paramedics actively try to resuscitate someone who's dead? | [
"Sorry for your loss, mate. Hollywood, as usual, has it wrong when they use a defibrillator on someone who has no pulse. A defibrillator actually resets a heart that is pulsing erratically. If there is no pulse, the defibrillator just damages the heart unnecessarily - it can't restart it. However, hearts can restar... | [
"One of the less irrational reasons: The fear that if doctors know you're an organ donor, instead of doing everything to save your life if you're in an accident, they'll let you die to get your organs."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is buying insurance not a waste of money? | [
"In terms of the pure mathematics, you are correct, over the long run, you likely will pay more into insurance than you get out. That is the entire business model of the insurance industry. But insurance isn't an investment, it is about catastrophic loss. It is dumb to insurance something like a TV or cell phone, s... | [
"Because people are willing to pay it. That is quite literally all there is too it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What exactly happens when an animal imprints on a human? Does it understand that its new "mother" is not the same species? | [
"For true imprinting, they won't recognize their own species later on. You'll run into this a lot of rehab facilities where human-raised wildlife imprinted as babies and then can't integrate into a flock/herd/whatever. They won't be successful at breeding or parenting. There are other animals that become socialized... | [
"This is how the parent picks up and relocates the baby animal. This instinct causes the babies to cooperate when the parent feels the need to do so. In many cases the instinct outlasts the animal's youth, even though it's no longer needed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is it possible to cook while camping without being attacked by animals? | [
"Most animals are timid around humans. Even large predators like bears and mountain lions are usually hesitant to approach them. The reason being that any injury could very easily lead to infection or being too injured to catch prey and thus death. This is especially true of the people are in a group. However, bear... | [
"Because they have a better chance of not being eaten by birds, most of which sleep at night."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Explain the p=np problem LI5. | [
"The P=NP problem is basically asking \"Is it just as fast to solve a math problem as it is to check the answer?\" P and NP are a couple ways mathematicians talk about how fast certain kinds of math can be done. Some think these might be just as fast as each other, but they haven't managed to prove it one way or th... | [
"This is like... a sort of answer: _URL_11_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about computing:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about computing:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How do anti-discrimination employment rules affect states where you can be still be fired for no good reason? | [
"[At-Will Employment](_URL_0_) An employee who believes they were terminated unlawfully (be it a violation of public policy doctrine or a federal statute) would file an investigation."
] | [
"You don't need a card from a doctor. You can go to any of the licensed recreational marijuana dispensaries (which are different from the medical marijuana dispensaries) and buy some. And yes, jobs can still fire you for testing positive. The US is largely at-will employment: you can quit or be fired at any time wi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why exactly is Twitter considered to be going downhill despite it being in the top 3 of social media? | [
"Basically twitter is having less MAU (monthly active users) than they have in the past, they have been on a decline since Q4 2014. The biggest issue is that their MAU numbers are getting inflated from smart phone usage. Do you have a twitter account, have the twitter app installed on your phone even though you NEV... | [
"these engineer jobs are extremely competitive and require higher wages. It cannot be denied that twitter is possibly the most fluid, smooth and well made mobile networking app. This requires very good developers. 20 people could not run an app with as much traffic as twitter gets. On top of adding a new detailed s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How does the firefighters uniform let him go into burning buildings? | [
"Volunteer firefighter here. The other comments got fairly close. They are fire resistant, but not fire proof. The gear has two layers, separated slightly. (Think about wearing a winter coat with a liner.) The layers create an air pocket between them which protects us. If you are in a very hot environment and compr... | [
"Why do people get hurt in house fires? Can't they just walk out of the building?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
If banks simply pay me a small cut of the money they make with a mix of risky and "safe" investments, why should I put my money in a bank rather than investing it myself? | [
"The FDIC. If your attempts at investment go sour, you would lose all of your money. If a bank messes up, your money is insured by the Federal Government up to $250,000, so you lose nothing. There is zero risk with putting your money in a bank, but investing is always risky."
] | [
"It would be stupid to put it all in one bank because, for one, banks can fail, and two, it could be put to much better use. Ideally one would invest most of it in various forms of assets like stocks and bonds, real estate, etc."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
What happens when food goes down the "wrong tube"? | [
"You have a flap in your throat called your epiglottis. When food or drink goes down the wrong way this prevents you from inhaling it. You then cough to try and relocate any food that's down the wrong tube back into your mouth to be swallowed."
] | [
"Goes down your windpipe rather than your esophagus"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is it that deep sea animals aren't crushed by the pressure of the ocean? | [
"Because they're the same pressure inside as the ocean depth is outside. As a human, you're filled with gases at near 14.7psi and fluid in contained pockets. Add 1000psi to the outside of your body and those pockets like your lungs and eyeballs will squish."
] | [
"You'd think so. It's actually cheaper and safer to explore space than the ocean. Having to deal with no air pressure at all is easier than having to deal with the extreme pressures at the bottom of the ocean."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:"
} |
How does a hand drawn animation company keep drawings of people, places, and things consistent with a big animation team. | [
"You are touching the surface on why hand drawn movies are so difficult to make and why the Disney productions were so loved. They reuse the still after it is drawn once. If they need another angle the original still is used for reference. These stools are larger than the frame and you can move them with the shot t... | [
"It takes a highly skilled individual, or team of individuals, a long time and a lot of effort to create a realistic CGI replica of an everyday object. It's far more affordable to just have a photographer shoot a set."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is SQL? Is it one of the simpler programming languages? | [
"SQL = Structured Query Language. It is a language meant for getting/updating data in databases. An example command (so to speak) would be INSERT INTO table(col1, col2) VALUES(val1, val2)"
] | [
"API: Application programming interface - definitions, communication protocols, and tools for building software, mostly built by companies to allow 3rd party access REST: REpresentational State Transfer - standardised communication style SOAP: Simple Object Access Protocol - platform independent format for sending ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
how car insurance pricing works. I just switched companies and my price went from 201 dollars a month to 102 dollars a month for full coverage, how can such a large difference happen? | [
"I don't see the main correct answer here which is that apples to apples, a lot of companies give new customers really cheap rates, and then slowly raise them on you year to year. You can literally apply to the same company you are with, exact same info, and 90% of the time you will get a cheaper rate. Edit* to t... | [
"Your deductible is the amount of money that has to come out of your own pocket before the insurance company pays out anything. This keeps you from filing bogus and frivolous claims. Auto insurance: if you get in an accident, and the damage costs 2000 to fix, and you have a 500 deductible, the insurance company wi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why did/does the US hate communism so much? | [
"Every real world \"Communist\" government has been a brutal authoritarian regime that uses Communism as a dogmatic justification for its villainy. Even if you speculate about an idealized Communist utopia, you're still structured your society around the notion that people are merely fungible elements of a certain ... | [
"Just the US as far as I know. To the rest of the world he was just another dictator. Possibly something to do with the proximity of communism to the US."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do girls generally find it harder to achieve an orgasm despite having way more nerve ending than men in their privates? | [
"Female orgasms aren't necessary for reproduction. The man has to ejaculate sperm through an orgasm. The women doesn't have to ejaculate anything."
] | [
"They don't have exactly the same structure. Women's nipples have more nerve endings in order to facilitate nursing more efficiently. This increased sensitivity also makes them an erogenous zone for many if not most women. Though it should be said that many men find them to be an erogenous zone as well."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Biology:"
} |
How does an spacecraft engine blast cause movement if there is nothing for the ship to push off from? Like if space is nothing, what is the engine propelling from? | [
"Imagine you are standing on a skateboard carrying a bowling ball. Now, throw the bowling ball away from you with all your strength. What will happen?"
] | [
"Jets push air through them and out the back to go forward, kind of like how your car wheels push against the ground or an inflated balloon will fly around as the air is forced out. Also, the wings on an airplane use the air to translate forward motion into upward motion. When you go high enough, the air is too thi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why is it that in blooming season, bushes tend to grow their leaves and become green before the taller trees around them do? | [
"There's two factors at play. First, it takes taller trees longer to leaf out. Plants that lose their leaves in winter store nutrients in their stems and roots, and then break them down and move them to the tips of their branches in the spring. Naturally, this takes longer for taller plants. Second, bushes have an ... | [
"First, the flowers don't survive, they just take longer to die. Second, other plants can do the same thing; think of a Christmas tree."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What does it mean to identify as socially progressive, but fiscally conservative? Don't social values determine government spending (ie. social safety nets like welfare, military costs, abortion clinics, etc.)? | [
"Not every socially progressive value requires the government to spend money. For example, someone could consider themselves socially progressive because they are in favour of gay rights / gay marriage / gay adoption. Allowing that does not mean the government has to spend more money, so it is not at odds with thei... | [
"The fundamental difference is the role of the federal government. Democrats generally want a more involved federal government whereas Republicans prefer a smaller one. This results in a number of policy differences. Government programs benefit people, so they're great, but they also require money (usually from tax... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why do people on reddit have a need to have multiple accounts? | [
"Some people can't face the reality of their whole personality. Rather than take responsibility for *all* of what they're saying online by presenting and preserving the record of an integrated consciousness, they compartmentalize the different faces they show to different subcultures in real life, and assign each p... | [
"I think it has something to do with the fact that, instead of generating original and meaningful content, people go on ELI5 and ask why you get a fever when you're sick 1000 times a day. It just happens that 90% of people have NEVER heard of a search bar, have NEVER looked at the New page and NEVER contributed som... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Where does matter go once it goes through a black hole? | [
"The term 'hole' isn't accurate. A black hole isn't a 'hole' in any sense. Basically they're the remains of dead stars, that have collapsed under their own weight. The gravity they exert is strong that light can't move away from it so we can't directly see the object at the center of the Quantum singularity. Everyt... | [
"Yes, you answered your own question. Light cannot escape a black hole."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why does my ISP offer high download speeds but such low upload speeds? | [
"Your instincts are correct -- it's demand. Almost all residential Internet customers download far, far more than they upload. So, they could make it equal. But if the capacity of the connection was 20 Mbps, they could make it 10 up and 10 down. But what would happen is that people would very often max out the down... | [
"Because bandwidth isn't unlimited. The ISP has to pay for a certain amount of bandwidth that all of their customers will use. Often, a very small fraction of the customers will use a substantial percentage of the bandwidth, so sometimes caps are implemented to alleviate this. Where I live in the US, I can choose b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Internet speed and service:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument about Internet speed and service:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why when websites are finished loading, the page scrolls up/down slightly so that you end up clicking on the wrong thing | [
"The last thing that loads on the page changes the location of the rest of the page. For example it might be an image which is of unknown size and the final configuration of the entire page isn't known. Once it loads everything jumps down to accommodate it."
] | [
"there's a landing page that automatically redirects you to the page you see. so when you click back your browser is momentarily at the landing page again and gets forwarded back to the same page. sometimes you can counteract that by clicking back a few times rapidly (then you go \"backwards\" from the landing page... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do firefighters know when fires are started by cigarette butts? | [
"Generally, certain areas will have been on fire longer than others. Sometimes that's indicated by the spread of the fire over time, other times that's indicated by which areas are burnt more than others. If they can figure out roughly where the fire started, they can start looking at objects near there that plausi... | [
"There are many reasons they start, both natural and manmade. The current one in California was started by someone getting a flat tire and sparks from his rim on the road igniting the brush. Some are started by people tossing cigarette butts out of their windows. Some are arson. Lightning is a common natural source... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
When a US governor declares a state of emergency for their respective state what exactly happens? | [
"This allows the release of certain funds in the state budget to assist with recovery, and in some cases may allow for assistance from the federal government."
] | [
"When used appropriately, martial law means a certain portion of the country is under military control, but the country at large remains under civilian control. Those civilian authorities decide when it should end. As for value, it allows military resources to be better used it emergency situations, typically a war... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why is our saliva disgusting after we spit it out, though we swallow it all day? | [
"It's a natural mechanism. Once you have expelled something from your body you don't want it back in. You spit because you want to get rid of something that's bad for your or causing some discomfort. The same way that you stay away from the smell of feces, saliva, snot and any other excrements are considered not de... | [
"The bacteria in your mouth poos in your mouth all night long. It does this during the day, too, but when you're sleeping you don't have as much spit rinsing that poo off as you do during the day. When you wake up... you taste and feel the poo on your teeth."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Health:"
} |
If we somehow managed to cool the Earth's core down to room temperature, what would happen? | [
"the outer core would solidify and earth would lose its magnetic field. we would likely all die if not from the immense amount of solar radiation that would start to hit us in the oncoming years, Then it would be by solar winds stripping away the atmosphere over the next 100 years or so. Basically all life on the p... | [
"1. We'd all go flying, as we're currently rotating at 1,000 mph. So the human race would end and all of our cities would be instantly destroyed. 2. The part of the earth facing the sun would become extraordinarily hot; it would be uninhabitable for humans. 3. The part of the earth not facing the sun would freeze o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about writing:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about writing:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Climate science:"
} |
when a police officer commits a crime why is the police department in charge of the investigation? | [
"there is a division in law enforcement specifically for this. It's called internal affairs."
] | [
"Cop here: The FBI is federal law enforcement that operates under different rules than state or local law enforcement. In my state, lying to a police officer can be considered a crime under certain conditions, like giving a fake name. In my state it's the same as resisting arrest, which is a catch-all charge for ob... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How do parabolic maneuvers work to create a zero gravity environment? | [
"It's not actually zero gravity, it's just *free fall* which creates the illusion of gravity -- the parabolic arc of the vehicle is the same as the plummeting path of its occupants, so they all seem to be neutrally floating with respect to one another."
] | [
"It needs to fall into an orbit in a very specific direction (not necessarily the way they were originally going) and the sooner they make the turn, the less fuel they have to use and the more the air can help turn the shuttle."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do some products that are "made with real fruits and vegetables" seem to contain none of the nutrients of the fruit or vegetable according to their nutrition labels? | [
"> Is it because of the processing? Is \"real fruit\" one of those FDA phrases that doesn't really mean anything? Is a term like that even regulated by the FDA? Both, really. Processing takes some of the nutrients out of some foods. Your yogurt, for instance has blueberry jelly and syrup in it - which was made from... | [
"Although fruits and vegetables are both considered \"healthy\" options, eating more of one does not make up for eating less of the other. Most fruit is very high in sugar. It also contains different vitamins and nutrients than vegetables."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why/how did taxes become so complex, how come a simple tax, like 30% of income never took root? | [
"> There could still be tax breaks for families and such, for example each child is a few percent of each year. Let's say you drop it 2% per child. If you make $30k/year, that's a tax subsidy of $600 per child. If you make $1M/year, that's a tax subsidy of $20,000 per year per child. Does that seem right? If you an... | [
"[He says](_URL_0_) that the IRS is a massive burden and the US needs 'Fair Tax' instead. Fair Tax replaces most taxes with one consumption tax, aka sales tax, aka VAT. This makes tax collection very simple, no loop holes, no thousands of pages of tax law. Probably a long list of products subject to different level... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How does Google get the money to drive Google Map cars all around the world without getting anything in return? What do they get from doing all that work and from all those expenses? | [
"You have to remember that although Google has its finger in many technological pies, the vast majority of its income still comes through selling advertising. And to be a world-class multi-billion-dollar online advertising broker requires you to hold as much data as possible on the people who will be viewing your a... | [
"If a website has no advertising, then they have to get money by other sources, like being bought by another company (like when Instagram was acquired by Facebook) or by getting Venture Capital (people who think you have a good idea that can be made profitable, and they want in on the ground floor). It's the differ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Please eli5 why does it take my printer a full 5 minutes to cancel a scan when I push the cancel button? | [
"I'm sure there's a technical answer, but the long and short of it is printer software is terrible and that is because they sell the hardware for nothing and make their money on the ink."
] | [
"Adding to this if allowed; does it make a difference whether you restart a phone or turn it off and then on again"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why is there no truly reliable contraceptive for men? | [
"Condoms exist and are a pretty reliable contraceptive. What sort of 'reliable' are you going for?"
] | [
"There is no reasonable reason to stop people from having the contraceptive pill. The reason people are trying to stop people from using the contraceptive pill is because the church is against contraceptives."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does saving the receipts from all of my various transactions help me? | [
"If you do it correctly, you can use a lot of things you buy not just at home but also for your business, making their purchase a deductible business expense. From having a home office, to storing work materials in the garage, to purchasing stuff at Lowe's or Home Depot or Office Depot, to the miles you drive your... | [
"How much do they cost vs how much will they generate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
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