query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
How do loading bars know how far they are, and why do they rarely give a very accurate time on when it will be completed? | [
"Progressbars show how much data to move and how much remains; To calculate the time it will take to finish it uses the speed of which you move a certain amount of data and divides that by how much data theres left. If the rate you move data changes the time to finish will also change."
] | [
"I'm guessing you are talking about Youtube? If so, then here's why: Youtube processes video and audio separately. This means that one is always loaded more quickly than the other, and the quicker one is usually the audio. The gray bar on the Youtube player shows whichever one is loaded farther, for some odd reason... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why is perpetual motion an impossibility? | [
"Energy is an abstract concept, so lets assume it's toy cars. Timmy has 10 toy cars in his toy box. He plays with them and you leave the room. When you return there are only 6 cars left. It turns out one car is under the bed, other is in a drawer, and one in Timmys pocket. There is one missing, so you search and lo... | [
"Gnostic theist = I know there is a god. Agnostic theist = I think there is a god. Agnostic atheist = I don't think there is a god. Gnostic atheist = I know there is no god"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why do we gasp when we're surprised/scared? | [
"It's a fight or flight thing. Gets as much air in to the lungs/oxygen in the blood as possible in to react to danger."
] | [
"What's that scared feeling called, when you don't even know what you scared about?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
what is the premise of the 'shadow' that Carl Jung wrote about? | [
"The idea is that we look at ourselves in a good light, and this casts a shadow that hides from us our true selves. He believed that we had to face that shadow in our journey to self realization. Facing that shadow means recognizing that all the worst parts of humanity are in you too. If you were born in Nazi Germa... | [
"what are the two meanings you think it has?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How do anti-nausea patches administer medicine to the body? | [
"The skin is pretty good at stopping things from getting into your body, but it isn't perfect. If molecules are small enough they can slip between gaps in your cells (and a few types of substance go directly through the cells). The patch you were given likely contained a drug called hyoscine (aka scopolamine). Hyo... | [
"Adding caffeine to a regular dose of common ingredients found pain relievers (aspirin and acetaminophen) makes them relieve tension-type headache pain about 40% better than they do without caffeine. Caffeine also helps your body absorb these medications, allowing you to get back to your daily life faster. It opens... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Do animals get cramps if they swim right after eating like humans do? | [
"It's just as much of a problem for animals as it is for humans. Meaning: it's not a problem at all. This is a myth."
] | [
"They use less energy because they do not move around or are cold blooded. Or they have a lot of fat stored up. Fat humans can easily survive not eating for a months. Give them vitamins and supplements and they'll be perfectly healthy as well."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
how to predict trajectory angle and power to shoot a target at known distance (for games like Bowmasters and pocket tanks). | [
"The range formula allows you to calculate the horizontal distance from the initial velocity (Vi) of a projectile at a certain angle (theta): R = Vi^2 * sin ( 2 * theta) / gravity"
] | [
"The object moves according to a vector. Upon hitting a boundary the direction of the vector is adjusted while magnitude stays constant. Eli5 version: Throw a ball against a wall like handball. Programmers recreated that motion in software with the added property that the ball bounces forever."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why 30 fps and 60 fps? | [
"It has to do with the frequency of mains electricity. In Europe we generally have 50 hertz, which is why PAL is 25fps. The US has 60 hertz therefor NTSC is 30 FPS. Now this is rather a big oversimplification, but that is basically where the frame rates for non film media came from. 30/60/90 also is a much nicer nu... | [
"1080p is a resolution, 1920x1080 pixels. 1080p60 is the same resolution + 60 frames per second."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about videogame development:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer about videogame development:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Is the difference between deadweight loss and wealth fare loss? | [
"A \"wealth fare loss\" seems to be something you just pulled from your nether regions. A [dead weight loss] (_URL_0_) is an actual concept actually existing in modern economic thought."
] | [
"There would be another triangle on the other side with the tip being at the equilibrium point and the base being the line Q=25, but the area enclosed in that triangle would be counted as a negative rather a positive area. It would be an area of destruction, rather an area of surplus."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why is N.W.A. being inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame? | [
"Contrary to its name, it's more of a \"popular music\" hall of fame. Lots of artists are in it that are not strictly rock, like Public Enemy, Run-DMC, Michael Jackson, Madonna, and a plethora of funk and soul acts: James Brown, Marvin Gaye, Parliament-Funkadelic, etc."
] | [
"He was a talent like the world had never seen. He played many instruments, had an amazing voice, was a brilliant songwriter, and had one of the greatest stage presences ever seen. He's one of the most successful recording artists in history. He won 7 Grammys, a Golden Globe, and an Academy award for Purple Rain's... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
What are food stamps and how exactly do they work (German with no clue here) | [
"Please tell me Germany doesn't get Honey Boo Boo."
] | [
"In Canada we have SIN numbers. Social insurance number, same idea as in the US"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Social Credit System:"
} |
The difference between right and left brain/ Also is handedness an indicator to physiological strengths or weaknesses to a certain aspect of human life? | [
"Historically, The right brain was associated with creativity, spatial, and abstract thinking. Things like art and music. The left brain is associated with language, logic, and mathematics. You can think of the left brain as a stuffy politician obsessed with categorization and order and the left brain as a kind of ... | [
"Scientists don't know for sure but there are many possible theories. Here's a couple. **Genetic** - it's possible that its hereditary as there is a 26% chance of a child being left handed if both parents are left handed **Division of labor** - the two hemispheres of the brain specialize in different tasks. It's po... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why do female praying mantises eat their mates? | [
"There are two different strategies for reproduction: have very few offspring and invest in them a lot (elephant, human, rhino, gorilla, etc.), or have numerous kids and don't invest in them very much (most reptiles, insects). Neither strategy is objectively \"better\", they both have their definite benefits in dif... | [
"Girl monkeys' butts blush and get more colorful to show the boy monkeys that the girls want to make baby monkeys."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Diluting Shares in Stock | [
"It's fair because if you have $50 worth of shares and the stock gets diluted, you still have $50 worth of shares, you just may have more shares because the price of the shares may go down. At least that's what happened to me with AIG."
] | [
"Sleep - Shake Unconscious - Splash Coma - Wait and Hope Vegetative State - Wait and Bury"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
What's the evolutionary advantage of pimples? | [
"No advantage. Not a big enough disadvantage to be selected against."
] | [
"First, not all of them do. Elephants and crocodiles can live to be 100. Second, it has a lot to do with metabolism rates."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why does a broken neck which causes full body paralysis not cause the heart to stop beating, or the diaphragm to stop pulling air into the lungs? | [
"Paralysis of the voluntary muscles below the neck due to this type of trauma would be a result of a severed spinal cord. The heart is innervated by the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) and the diaphragm is innervated by the phrenic nerve. These split off from the brain higher than the spinal cord damage here and run ... | [
"Getting the 'wind knocked out of you' is often the result of a sharp blow to the mid-abdomenal region. What happens is there is a large bundle of nerves in that region called the 'solar plexus', and one of the areas that it innervates is the diaphragm - the big muscle that constitutes the majority of the control o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Medical Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment about Medical Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why is dead weight (unconscious person) so heavy when the person's weight doesn't change? | [
"When a person is alive and with-it, they \"participate\" in being held by making sure weight is distributed to your core. Getting a floppy body to have its weight distributed to your core muscles is hard and this makes balancing difficult and causes you to engage relatively weak muscles."
] | [
"If they tense their body, they will shift their weight close to you. All the muscles that your body uses to carry your own weight, can then be used to carry this other person. If the person will just hang onto you, a lot of their weight will be shifted away from your body. It puts you out of balance, which your mu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about Physics:"
} |
What happens if Edward Snowden is granted asylum by another country? Are the US powerless to extradite him at this point? | [
"If he's in another country that is unwilling to hand him over, then he is indeed untouchable *(edit: by legal means anyway...only by methods that would constitute an act of war against the host nation)*. That said, he's betting on that host country never, ever having a more pro-American government in the future. T... | [
"The US hasn't done anything, it was the Swedish that wanted to charge him with rape. Assange is being investigated by the US but the US doesn't have any charges to press right now. As for why any country hasn't forced Ecuador to give him up? Because what are they going to do? Attack the embassy? Enact embargoes? W... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
What are veins, arteries, and capillaries made from? Are they some sort of live cells, and if so, what kind? | [
"There's a few different layers, capilaries are only one layer, the most inner layer that makes the inner wall of the vein is endothelium, capilaries are a single cell layer of endothelial cells. then there's a layer called tunica intima, which is mostly just connective tissue, then tunica media which is smooth mus... | [
"Under a microscope, your bone is a hollow lattice like structure. There are all sorts of spaces between the tiny archways of calcium for cells and small vessels to be. The guy who designed the Eiffel Tower actually drew inspiration from a human femur bone under magnification. So yes there are blood vessels that ru... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
The Observer Effect (quantum Physics) | [
"Say you are in a room that's pitch black. There's an object in the middle of the room and you are trying to figure out what it is by shooting glow-in-the-dark paintballs at it. Classically, the object is large like an elephant or something so the paintballs don't affect the object as you hit it. As the object gets... | [
"Good video that will explain it and other phenomenon What is Déjà vu?: _URL_0_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Language and cognition:"
} |
why is pink treated as it's own colour when light blue and light green don't? | [
"Because it's named after the flower called 'pink', and it's a pale red, as opposed to a light red."
] | [
"Red blue and yellow are the primary colors for paint and the such, red blue and green are the primary colors of light. Edit: I suppose technically magenta cyan and yellow"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post about Computer Science:"
} |
What is happening when certain people experience anxiety when they smoke weed? | [
"Scientifically? Couldn't tell ya. But.. I got over it by giving it a name, The Weird 😅\". -- \"I don't like smoking in public. I get all anxious and self-conscious.\" \"Oh dude. That's just The Weird, man.\" \"The what?\" \"The Weird! You know, the first 20-25 minutes after you smoke- When your thoughts are all ... | [
"A follow-up question: Why do some people love that feeling while others detest it?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
I keep hearing about this dogecoin, what is it and how does it differ from, say, bitcoin? And there's a dogecar too or something? | [
"A day ago I went to /r/dogecoin and asked what it was about. A day later I have: Figured out how to tip others like this +/u/dogetipbot 9.8 doge verify Figured out how to make a wallet and xfer dogecoins from here in reddit to the wallet and from the wallet back here. Found a place to play poker online with dogeco... | [
"the value of anything is the amount of money others are willing to pay for. Bitcoins cost $200 a piece (or whatever it is now) because someone is out there willing to give you $200 for a bitcoin. If there wasn't, then it wouldn't be worth that much."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is it possible for there to be underwater lake beds, underwater? | [
"Mineral content as well as salt content can change water density. Denser water can pool at the bottom if a lake and be visually distinct from the water above it."
] | [
"The 'ice cubes' are sitting on land, not in the ocean."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:"
} |
Why do people treat Beef Wellington as some special "showstopper" of a dish? Pigs in a blanket isn't consider so much more fancy than regular hotdogs? | [
"Beef Wellington isn't just meat wrapped in bread. If made traditionally, it also has layers of pate, usually foie gras, and duxelles (a very fine mince of mushrooms, onions, shallots, and herbs, cooked down in butter). It's expensive, making a proper duxelles is time-consuming, and a completely different thing tha... | [
"Because it's a fruit. Fruits are sometimes not popular when there is a lot of meat around. When there is an abundance of salami or sausage in the house, fruits are frowned upon by some. Personally, I like a fruit by my salami. Sweet and salty all the way!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why can't I seem to sing or hum between two half-notes? | [
"You can sing quarter tones as well, but your ear and voice are trained to move in semitones, so this is what you hear and sing most of the time."
] | [
"It refers to the first two notes in each song. An interval is the jump between 2 notes. A scale has 8 notes, with a total of 12 half-note steps. If you want to be mathematical, the frequency doubles every 8 notes, i.e. octave. It's also where the piano keys repeat in their pattern. The list is really just a way to... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do Americans seem to constantly believe that it's illegal to record or take photos in public? | [
"There are times that it is illegal to video record or take pictures. When you have expectation of privacy (private meeting, bathrooms, changing rooms) or when you are on private property and not visible from public property are examples. But you are correct that if the person doing the recording is in a public spa... | [
"What country do you live in where privacy invasion is a crime? From what I understand they just use public databases and legal surveillance methods. Some might be shadier than that, but for the most part you can find out a whole lot about someone without breaking any laws."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is building a Mars colony the next big space mission? Why not a colony on our very own moon? | [
"There is actually a lot of discussion about having a jumping off point on the moon. The main reason is for the science. There has not likely ever been life on the moon, but we know that at one point mars had a lot of liquid water which we know to be incredibly important for life as we know it. Possibly even meanin... | [
"> So why seek to settle on another planet? Because it's there. To explore space. To develop and refine the technology of off-Earth living. To give the human race a lifeboat. Why colonize the Sahara or Antarctica? We aren't running out of room in more livable places."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What are the pros and cons of having shared currency like Euro? | [
"Pros: It's much easier to conduct transactions across national borders which lowers prices. It's much easier to write contracts and do lots of legal work which reduces confusion and lowers prices. It may forge a sense of regional accountability that increases civility between cultures and reduces the risk of war. ... | [
"It's a big system. It also carries a bit from state to state. Are you interested in the application process? Policy? Logistics?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why do governments or businesses commit to policy/plastic waste changes 2-5+ years in the future? Why not sooner? | [
"It takes a while to implement the changes. How would you like it if the law changed overnight and you had to pay fees/go to jail next day without having a chance to adapt yet."
] | [
"Insiders have to publicly announce their intentions to buy and sell stock well in advance (3 or 6 months?)."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why Jurassic Park 3 failed to attract viewers but all of a sudden every one got hyped for Jurassic World? | [
"2 was pretty bad and burnt a lot of fans who had enjoyed the original, and 3 came four years after without much advertising or hype and was even worse. It looked like, and felt like, a cash-in sequel to a lame sequel. World came 14 years later, after people had plenty of time to forget how bad 2 & 3 were, and peop... | [
"Avatar would probably still win because there are more people on the planet now from when Gone With the Wind was originally in theaters."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why do women live longer than men? | [
"First, the hormones in female bodies protect them better from coronary and heart diseases and several other health factors which affect men more often. I won't get all sciency here, partly because I don't know all the details and partly because the details I do know are simply too boring for me to write out. Next,... | [
"Asian men are far less attractive to White women than Asian women are to White men."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why is it that in the southern states, they say sir and ma'am but nowhere else is it proper in the US? | [
"You're partially wrong. \"Sir/ma'am\" are proper forms of address throughout the US, however they are far more common in the South than elsewhere. This is because southern culture places far more importance on propriety."
] | [
"They are interchangeable. \"finna\" is a southern US idiom, everywhere else says \"gonna\". edit: Since you are not a native speaker, I would suggest you never say \"finna\" because it is solely used by US southerners and sounds very unusual when anyone else says it. Unless, of course, you are saying it as a joke... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is it that when you get certain shots from the doctor it makes you really sore while others don't. | [
"Shots typically come in two forms: Intravenous - Injected into your veins Intramuscular - Injected into your muscle fibers Typically a shot in the muscle fibers will induce soreness more often than an intravenous shot. However, the size (\"bore\") of the needle and the medicine being administered also play a facto... | [
"Yes, they are called phantom pains. And of course when you cut it off it's going to hurt obviously."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Can anybody ELIF what the hell metaphysics is? | [
"Metaphysics is a branch of philosophy. It covers a lot of ground and is not easily definied, but it generally encompasses all the \"big questions\" - the nature of matter, or *substance*, time, the nature of reality, cause and effect and those types of things."
] | [
"Bitch grade or non bitch grade, Poseidon decides."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What good do wasps & mosquitoes do? | [
"I think the same case can be made for humans. At least insects aren't in the midst if intentionally killing the planet."
] | [
"Mosquitos and flies are 'bottom of the food chain'. Yes they bite us and annoy us. But mosquito larvae are amazing fish-food. They take tiny bits of algae, that are useless to most aquatic organisms, eat it, and convert it into a nice high protein snack for fish/fish-fry (Baby fish). MANY frogs rely on fly larvae ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What are the benefits of ice baths? | [
"It reduces inflammation in muscles, which is why someone would do it after a race. Like putting ice on a sprained muscle, except you put it everywhere to treat minor soreness. Some of these athletes probably believe that activating the body's adaptations to cold has wider ranging benefits; they probably take ice ... | [
"They are more effective than not having one at all."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
What are free trade agreements | [
"Free trade agreements are contracts between countries that allow goods to be imported without tarrifs or with reduced tarrifs. In the case of two countries with similar economies they allow goods to be imported cheaper and the cost savings are theoretically passed onto the consumer increasing purchasing power and ... | [
"Trade agreements, negotiation of travel between boarders, military cooperation, cultural study, national security advisory...."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
When Obama enters another country, do they stamp his passport? More generally, how do visiting heads of state (or lesser bureaucrats) cross borders? | [
"Yes but he isn't responsible for it. Instead it is usually a team from the State Department who is in charge of all the paperwork for his team that holds onto it for him. His passport has a black cover, and he doesn't have to pay any fees for it. His immediate family, certain top White House officials, and about 8... | [
"It's a misconception than embassies and consulates are territory controlled by the ambassador's country. Certain provisions are generally given to the diplomatic mission that let them have a reasonable degree of control, but it's well within the rights of the host nation to expel the diplomatic mission and take th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why do bees become less aggressive/fall asleep when beekeepers pour smoke into their hives? | [
"Bees communicate using chemicals called pheromones. The smoke blocks the pheromones so communications between bees are essentially cut. While it does calm the bees, it can also set hive production back a day or two until the smoke wears off and communications are restored. For this reason, some beekeepers prefer t... | [
"If you're a beekeeper, you basically just can't be severely allergic to bees. I have been stung through my suit or have had bees fly up and unsecured opening at the bottom of my pants leg. I'm pretty sure a lethal/dangerous amount of bee stings if you're not badly effected is about 100. The smoke is used to put th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
EPLI5: Why is the shape called a trapezoid in the US and Trapezium in the UK? | [
"back in the day american english deliberately tried to make itself more standardized and recognized (or standardised and recognised, heh) to distinguish themselves from the english. a big part of this was releasing new 'standard american' dictionaries. trapezium and trapezoid were already two different definition... | [
"Why do some parts of the world call gasoline petrol?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why won't technological advances in the near future make giant atmospheric carbon sequestration machines to balance out global warming? | [
"No one is saying that's not a possibility, but it's not a good idea to count on it."
] | [
"For one, electricity *can* be produced in a green way. And as time progresses, I hope that the amount of green energy will continue to rise. But even if it never happens, big industrial plants can be outfitted with way better filters to make energy production from fossil fuels cleaner. Many such filters are too bi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why did the bronze age come first? | [
"It did not, everywhere. Some places had an iron age and no intervening bronze age. Bronze has some advantages, it's easier to smelt, it can be worked cold, it can be melted down in a relatively simple fire and it can be cast. Iron is harder to smelt, needs furnaces designed to achieve substantially greater temper... | [
"Was any Asian country capable of helping the United States during the revolutionary war?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How do life insurers make a profit? | [
"They invest the money you give them and earn interest on it. And they don't always pay out so they keep that money too."
] | [
"Banks are a business like any other, and want to make money. Why give all your profits to consumers?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How do things like medicine or vinegar just crystallize? | [
"I will attempt an explanation here even though I'm no expert. Some medicines have an active ingredient that, by itself, is in a crystalline state but it needs an inert component to make it a liquid to aid in application. When the liquid evaporates all that is left is the active (crystalline) ingredient. A popular ... | [
"Iron supplements are in powder form, made for digestion purposes. Iron shavings will rip your stomach and intestines before they'll dissolve."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The effect that The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act will have on doctors. | [
"Is it possible that the doctors you talked to just happen to be conservatives? \"44% of the 551 doctors that participated in the survey said that PPACA was a “good start,” while an identical percentage said it was “a step in the wrong direction.” The remaining 12% of the total said they “don’t know.” from here: _U... | [
"Pregnant women qualify for Medicaid, which is paid for by the government, if they do not have insurance. The Medicaid cuts off for the woman after the child is born, but will continue to cover the child until it's 18 years old if the mother cannot get health insurance for the family from a private insurance compan... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why is there so much variation in Caucasian people's eye and hair colour but not in other races? | [
"We only make brown pigment biologically. Red hair and green/blue eyes area all formed from a varying lack of full pigmentation. If you have a lot of pigment you are brown-skinned and brown-haired to varying degrees."
] | [
"They're not different races, they just have different skin colors, not unlike people who have a different hair or eye color or are a different height than their sibling. If anything their case shows the absurdity of using skin color as defining factor for race."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What is so bad about Ayn Rand, and what exactly is objectivism? | [
"Objectivism is a form of ethical egoism which advocates total economic freedom, minimizing the role of the state to an institution which provides defense and protection of property. It idolizes individualism while vehemently detracting 'collectivism' and people who advocate or take advantage of it. Objectivism in ... | [
"Being a liberal I am disturbed by this level of self censorship. It almost seems like we are setting ourselves up for a future environment in which Fascism is OK as long as it is politically correct. This is not liberalism at all, it is adherence to a doctrine that is not at all liberal. Edit: Maybe fascism wasn'... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do homeless people always seem to end up with a dog? | [
"Companionship, warmth on cold nights and first line of defense. Homeless people are quite often set upon at night, a dog serves as early warning and protection."
] | [
"Just because they're homeless doesn't mean they have somehow abstained from the concept of money. Let's say you were 18 and suddenly your parents decided they were tired of you and were no longer legally obligated to take care of you so they stuffed some clothes in your school bag and tossed you on to the street. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do illegal immigrants get into the US? | [
"Some enter illegally, by crossing the border or sneaking in on container ships. Others enter legally then stay past what their visa allows j"
] | [
"It's illegal in a huge number of jurisdictions already. Where do you live?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is the difference between a migraine and a headache and what is the primary cause of them? | [
"A migraine feels like a hangover with a throbbing headache thrown in for good measure. When having one I have a lot of trouble focusing on anything and just want to shut myself in a dark room and sleep. It can last anywhere from a few hours to a few days and vary in intensity from a minor annoyance to truly debili... | [
"It's not exactly known. Plus pain isn't necessary in a migraine. It's usual but there are those who suffer migraines who don't get a headache with it. This is because the headache is just one of quite a few symptoms that may be present during a migraine."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Health:"
} |
Why is learning a 2nd language so much more difficult than your first? | [
"Learning anything, especially languages becomes more difficult with *age*. Learning two (or maybe even more) languages as a child is not a lot more difficult than learning one. Another factor is that learning a foreign language is difficult if you don't have to use it constantly. Even adults learn a new language s... | [
"Consider this: what language did you speak when you were born? Unless you were a very special baby, you eventually learned to understand and speak a language that was totally foreign to you, without the aid of translations or grammar laws. Humans don't need translations to learn a language. It makes things faster,... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do barcodes work? | [
"[This picture](_URL_0_) will probably shed some light. There are different coding formats, but a common one (Code 39) simply uses a bar code \"font\" with a start & stop character. You can download the font for free on your computer and print your own bar codes."
] | [
"Are you asking how a wheel works ?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Colgate says their "Opti-White" toothpaste will whiten my teeth in 3 days?! What?! How? Do I have to brush 19 times an hour? | [
"Whitening toothpaste only works to a degree. As a topical bleaching agent, the longer it's in contact with the teeth, the deeper it penetrates into the enamel. When they say things like \"whitens in 3 days\", there's an implied asterisk of \"whitening the surface enamel\". If you have at any point used whitening t... | [
"Would you want all the food and sugar to sit and decay your teeth for those 12+ hours? Also, who sleeps 12+ hours a night?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why do high schools test you on every chapter when colleges/universities only give two exams? | [
"> you might be studying a lot for something that doesn't show up on the test The goal is not to pass tests: the goal is to acquire knowledge. Tests and exams are just there to prove you've actually studied to the required standard, but you're not supposed to ignore stuff in the course that doesn't come up in the t... | [
"I think it's because these standardized exams are tied to the school's financial benefits, and so the schools are resorting to just \"teaching the exam\" and not a wider curriculum. Also there are many news articles out there about teachers giving answers to the exams, and even school districts proposing to move s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why can I play online games with zero lag with 11 other online players in a 1080p game at 60fps but a webpage is often very slow to load? | [
"There's relatively little data being passed around for the game, it's not like streaming a 1080p 60fps video. The computers are just exchanging information about who has moved, fired their gun, etc, and all the rendering of the images happens on your computer based on that information."
] | [
"Err. I haven't noticed this to happen in any online game so thought I'd start with that. Video games online don't use much bandwidth so getting a faster connection doesn't really impact them that much. (Unless it comes with better latency) Games are mostly impacted by latency or ping, this is how long it takes fo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why do some people get seasick and others do not? | [
"SciShow did an episode on motion sickness last month, you can find it [here](_URL_0_) Personally, I am not well versed enough in it to answer your question directly. Edit: Adding to the comment since I believe I have violated the rules of ELI5. My understanding is that 30% of the population is immune to motion sic... | [
"There are about a thousand different reasons why someone might sweat while they are asleep. i.e. the answer is going to vary from person to person."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment about Sleep and fatigue:"
} |
What is the biological purpose of fingerprints? | [
"For gripping things of course. Their particular pattern is basically random because it hardly matters."
] | [
"Everybody's veins are a little bit different. The same can be said for iris and retina patterns, and for prints from the nose, lips, tongue, and ears besides fingers and feet."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How is tea made into different flavours? | [
"While there are different cultivars of tea, the difference between different tea \"colors\" is processing. In order to make green tea, the leaves are heated to stop oxidation immediatelly after harvesting. For white tea, the leaves are let to wilt and then dried or baked. Yellow tea is similar to green tea, only t... | [
"After visiting Celestial Seasonings in Boulder Colorado I now understand tea like a 5 year old. Tea all comes from the same plant. Black tea: bottom of the plant, mature leaves, bruised before drying: Highest caffeine content. Green tea: new growth, mid plant, younger leaves, sun dried, no bruising of the leaves... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
The Rotherham child sex scandal, specifically the facts and figures | [
"It happened over the course of 16 years, and frequently girls were brought in and out of the town. It wouldnt be 5% of the population unless it happened all at once."
] | [
"Documents that were not released at the time of the original inquiry were made public, which have evidence to malpractice and cause the formation of another inquiry."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why is listening to sad music when sad so comforting? | [
"Because it’s a relatable feeling. When you listen to sad music it’s like someone else is feeling the way you do. Your not alone."
] | [
"I think it depends on many factors. Some of them might be: The compatibility of the emotion of the music with your mood at the time Your personal liking for that style of music The artists' skill The quality of reproduction, if recorded The feelings of people around you For music to affect you as you describe, unl... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Science:"
} |
Why do people lump LBGTQ all in one group? Are these people not very different? | [
"They are different, but have one important thing in common...their sexuality is not accepted by a large segment of society. In that regard, they make common cause, because gaining acceptable for one will likely mean more acceptance for all."
] | [
"There are thousands of cases of transgendered people, doctors agreeing that it's a real condition that requires treatment, scientific studies suggesting that trans people have different brain chemistry, and organized groups working to promote transgendered rights. Vs one woman who is lying about her ethnicity for ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do TVs and monitors need a refresh rate? | [
"A TV or monitor draws an image on the screen. A static, non-moving image. It produces the illusion of motion by redrawing the image over and over. The number of times per second that it draws the image is the refresh rate. The slower the refresh rate, the \"jerkier\" the display is. An oil painting has a refresh r... | [
"Some parameters that might be different: * Brightness. A TV that's not bright enough will be difficult to watch in brightly lit environments, like a sunlit room. * Contrast. The difference between the brightest and darkest color the TV can display. Higher contrast means deeper blacks and brighter whites. * Color r... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
In parts of India where cows are worshipped, what do they think about milk? | [
"As an offering from the animal that is partaken with respect, after first offering some to the gods."
] | [
"Most of beef in India that exports comes from water buffaloes. Since in Indian dairy products are very much part of everyday consumption there many cows and buffaloes to support, But since Many Indians dont eat beef, its natural to export it . Many states in India have ban on killing cows and punishable by 5 yea... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why do most buses have to stop on train tracks and open their doors? | [
"For safety. Stopping gives a chance to see the train, and opening the doors gives an opportunity to hear the train. Pretty much every state passed laws requiring this almost 80 years ago when a [freight train hit a school bus](_URL_0_) killing the driver and 25 children."
] | [
"Most of them simply reverse and go the opposite direction. On light rail the front and back are often the same. On the heavy rail line the trains go in reverse and there is a little cabin at the rear that the engineer moves into and remote controls the engine from."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Who or what is ISIS? | [
"They want to create a Sunni state out of Iraq and Syria. They are localized to that region, but they are a particularly nasty group. If they don't like you, expect to be ziptied on the floor and then executed. Either by beheading or as seen on liveleak with surpressed pistols. They also have no qualms about doing ... | [
"What's to explain? Why we have it? How it works?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
What is Memorial Day about and why is it a federal holiday? | [
"Memorial Day is a federal holiday in the United States for remembering the people who died while serving in the country's armed forces. I imagine most countries have something similar."
] | [
"Why is election on weekdays instead of weekends?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Where does the SA node gets (or creates?) its electricity from? | [
"> does the electrical conduction system of the heart generates electricity before transferring it? It seems there are some misconceptions behind this question. First, the heart does not run off of electricity. It is commonly taught that the nerves within the body operate via electricity like wires in our electrica... | [
"The heart starts pumping around the 6th week after conception, and it starts pumping spontaneously based on its own group of timekeeping cells called the sinoatrial node. These cells initiate the action potentials that cause the heart to pump."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why I should not be scared shitless on commercial flights. | [
"Statistically, you should be scared sh*tless in your car, not on airplanes."
] | [
"Wow. I can't believe how many incorrect answers there are here. No wonder most of the US is scared shitless of socialism."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How does manufacturer pricing work? Can a business charge more than the price on the item packaging? | [
"Unless the store has signed a contract stating otherwise, they are free to sell for whatever price they want to. There may be some jurisdictions in which this doesn't apply, but I'm not aware of them."
] | [
"They don't make them, just buy them at a distributor for a lower price and put their name on it. They can afford to do so because they don't have to advertise or spend money on packaging or placement. They already have a place on their shelf to sell the product for lower than the competition. At least that's my 5 ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
That sensation of falling that occurs sometimes when you're trying to fall asleep. | [
"A hypnic jerk is when the deeper parts of your brain make your body twitch when you're deeply asleep. It's why you end up in a different place when you wake up. Normally, your muscles are kept fairly rigid. The falling sensation? Well, most people say that they are still 'awake' during the lightest stage of sleep.... | [
"The jolt of adrenaline that rushes through our body wakes us up. Falling or dying feels very real, and our brains and emotions work overtime. *It's that feeling of falling you get that jolts you awake. It snaps you out of a dream.* The \"Kick\". Most times, it feels like Inception. That feeling of falling or near ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Psychology:"
} |
How/why do grain silos randomly explode? | [
"You spot that comment on the cinnamon video? Dry things have a habit of igniting. Not all of them, but a large portion. Dust, like cinnamon or makeup powder, or fine micro-particles of grains (usually pieces of stems or leaves of the grain plant) can ignite very easily. One particle burns up, which burns another a... | [
"Why do I feel as though my bottles of water don't do this but instead just freeze normally in the freezer?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
On day 1, I search for picnic blankets on a website. On day 2, that website is advertising picnic blankets to me on my Facebook. Are they somehow spying on me? | [
"Yup. Google takes your search history and uses it to tailor advertisements for you. Facebook is also known to sink its hooks into your browser and record what you are looking at in other tabs. I noticed it recently when an add for Cafepress showed a shirt based on a very specific game I played, one that is in no... | [
"Show you ads, mostly. With your personal information, they can show ads that are more relevant to you. If Google knows you're a 16 year old Canadian male living in Toronto, you may get ads for things like the hockey hall of fame, Canada Wonderland, and Tim Hortons. You won't be seeing ads for tea sets and barbie d... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why is it considered okay for people in Alcoholics Anonymous to smoke cigarettes while smoking marijuana isn't considered a "sober" alternative? | [
"People generally start to become alcoholics because alcohol changes their mental state. They start to drink it to get \"high\" (we use the word 'drunk' in this case, but it's still an altered state of mind) and over time it creates a mental and physical dependency. Tobacco also creates a physical addiction but the... | [
"Think of it like this. Alcoholics don't stop drinking all fluids, just ones with alcohol in them. Drug addicts don't stop taking their Coumadin or insulin, just the drugs that they have a problem with. Sex addicts have to avoid the sexual activity that negatively affects their life."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do companies who make products run a review with weird numbers? E.g. 87% of 152 people agree. | [
"Well they sent out a survey to 1000 people and got 152 responses. 87% agreed. They can keep pummeling more people until they get a nice round number, but for advertising purposes they can just put the **87%** in bold and the ^152 in the small print. Getting *exactly* 200 responses would be difficult."
] | [
"If it has less than 5 calories, they can call it 0."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do so many things smell much better than they taste? | [
"This should be an interesting one. I don’t believe that I’d agree that things smell better than they taste more often than not. In fact, I’d probably go the opposite way. However, it’s my understanding that we don’t all smell, and taste in the exact same way. Or at least it’s not a given that we do. I’ll hang aro... | [
"Burn a candle all day in your house, the smell isn't as strong because you become used to it. Walk into a house with a candle burning and you smell it right away. Works the same with body odor."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why is there such a large amount of apathy towards the Snowden leaks? | [
"It doesn't affect the population in a noticiable way."
] | [
"There is no such thing as guilt by association in the USA."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Law and Entertainment:"
} |
How are measurements kept exact (do they prevent small changes from completely changing a millimeter over time) | [
"Well the millimeter is based on the meter. The meter is **defined as** > \"the length of the path travelled by light in vacuum during a time interval of 1/299,792,458 of a second\" And the second is defined as: > duration of 9192631770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyp... | [
"Theoretically you could but \"one inch from the highest point\" is a very very small error margin. Small differences in the strength of the moon's gravity (for example, places with denser rock have stronger gravity) would be more than enough to deviate the trajectory enough to cause a crash."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Physics:"
} |
What is the texture called on these keys? (Keyboard) | [
"Hello I am a tool maker from germany and I will try to help you to answer that question (Im sorry about my english). So what we do , is to produce molding tools made of steel, with different shapes, to be able to produce different plastic parts with it later on. Looks like this _URL_1_ You can then take those tool... | [
"It is most likely number 1. It's like a scaled up and computerized version of \"Guess Who!\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:"
} |
How did cartographers accurately map things before the advent of GPS tracking and satellite imaging? | [
"Sextant and compass and a measure of distance (land) or estimate (at sea). Once pocket watch technology was demonstrated (quite an epic event, actually, read up if you get a chance) that allowed maps that rival all but the most accurate maps/charts available today. The biggest difference is that takes a lot of wor... | [
"Several reasons: * Better technology. Many chambers were detected by sonar or radar. They would send a signal through the stones and listen for irregular echoes. Today's sonar and radar imaging techniques are better than they were in the past. The equipment is more sensitive, uses different frequencies, and with d... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is horse manure considered a good natural fertiliser? Why doesn't the horse make use of the nutrients in it? | [
"Manure is rich is Nitrogen which plants require for creating amino acids which are in turn used for growth and repair. If the soil the plant was grown in had a lack of nitrogen then the plant would display deficiency symptoms of poor growth and yellow leaves. As for why the horse doesn't make use of the nutrients ... | [
"Whether or not a specific type of poop is beneficial to plants depends mainly on the pooper's diet. So, generally speaking, for feces to make a good plant fertilizer it has to contain digested plant matter. That's why cow manure (herbivore) makes an excellent plant fertilizer, while dog poop (carnivore) doesn't wo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why are so many of the old buildings in the UK to the north, wouldn't it have been much colder and harder to live in? | [
"The north of UK may be colder, but the south (and by south I mean London) has all the money with which it can knock down and build new buildings. But now we're at a point where old buildings are protected. Plus there's the fact that the south is closer to Europe, and got bombed in WWII pretty bad. And anyway, ther... | [
"Most of the fault lines are near or run along the coastlines. People liked building cities on the coastlines because of the water access was necessary for transport and travel. All of New Zealand pretty much sits on a fault line so they're hooped regardless. But people didn't know this two, three hundred years ago... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does a company know that a hack had occurred? | [
"Systems that process logins and billing are typically built with logging that tracks logon attempts and IP addresses. Most likely someone phoned in to say that their account got hacked. Sony reviewed the logs, found that an unusual IP address was accessing the account, and they did a look up to find out what other... | [
"If I can ask a follow-up: How did these companies respond to being targeted?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is a game like WoW so addicting, yet doing "quests" in real life for real gold/experience/muscles so boring? | [
"MMOs are [Skinner boxes](_URL_0_) where you do something and have the chance for an immediate reward. If somehow working out was like an MMO quest, then you'd work out a hundred times for the chance to get buff with no results, then on the 101st time you'd get one bulge on a six-pack. Then you gotta complete the s... | [
"I think as a gamer it's the feeling of accomplishment like beating a tough boss or leveling up. The grinding between levels or for better items is addictive and can consume your gaming. So let it be exclusive to having fun."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
The Difference Between the Senate and the House of Representatives. | [
"Although people here are doing a nice job of summarizing, you can also take a look at the part of the Constitution that creates the two bodies and see for yourself some of the more nuanced differences: _URL_0_"
] | [
"Next Week's Theme: 'Royalty, Nobility, and the Exercise of Power' To be followed by: \"Eastern Europe\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
In swimming, how can the world record for an individual event be slower than a single leg of a relay? | [
"Competitive swimmer here. So part of that particular example was that Lezak's swim was an unreal performance spurred on by some serious trash talking by the French. But in general, it has to do with the difference in the start. The individual events start how you imagine. The starter says \"take your mark\" and th... | [
"There are four different types of swimming strokes as well. If there were separate 100m and 200m dashes for regular sprinting, running backwards, crawling on all fours and hopping like a rabbit as well as relays for each type of running you'd eventually see a sprinter win a mountain of gold like Phelps'."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Do slow-growing plants, such as cacti, produce less oxygen and clean up CO2 slower than a fast-growing plant, such as grass? | [
"Yes, all plants with a slower metabolic rate will consume less carbon-dioxide and will produce less oxygen. It should also be noted that roughly 80% of atmospheric oxygen is made from ocean algae and plankton, not land plants as is often assumed."
] | [
"There are certain elements plants need in order to grow, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur etc. The more of those are found in the soil, the better faster plants are going to grow."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How Babe Ruth managed to hit 714 homers | [
"Do you want to know the terrifying truth, or do you want to see me sock a few dingers?"
] | [
"If you’re doing bad, you’ll eventually go back to your average. If you’re doing really good, you’ll also tend to go back to your average eventually. Let’s say it’s baseball My average is 1 home run Some days I’ll hit 0, some I’ll hit 3, eventually my performance will always go back to 1 most of the time"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why and how does alcohol make people do things they normally wouldn't do? | [
"Let's try it like you're five! You want a cookie right now, right? You know you're going to get in trouble if you take it, so even you _want_ the cookie _now_ you stop yourself from taking it and don't get in trouble. When people drink, the part that says _no_ doesn't work as hard. He's like a guard. If he's doin... | [
"Men socialize by insulting each other but they really don't mean it. Women socialize by complimenting each other, they don't mean it either."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does my iPhone struggle to load a 2 min youtube video, but streams Netflix seamlessly? | [
"There are differences between Netflix and Google/YouTube. One is a paid subscription one is a free ad sponsored site. The subscription based Netflix has all the episodes spooled up and ready to go on each server - they know exactly what to anticipate prior to release. That being said, even their House of Cards and... | [
"So, I've read a lot of the answers, most of them are saying similar things. Where does it save the vide on your computer? For example, if I have less than a GB of space left on my computer, why can I still watch a several-minute HD video on YouTube without running out of space?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why can I buy an extremely tiny micro SD card with 32 GB on it, but SSD's with 120 GB are huge? | [
"Employee of a Big Data Storage vendor here: The SSDs are designed for higher sustained throughput. This requires space and materials for cooling, among other details I'm not going to address, such as error correction. If you tried to drive your SD card at the sustained rates that SSDs are designed to handle normal... | [
"Capacity is what you really want, that's how much total storage the drive provides Density is about how much storage we can fit in one flash chip. Higher density chips enable higher capacity drives in the same size, or drives with the same capacity but fewer chips Density matters in the long run, it's what has ena... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does the American government want to control the Internet and eliminate privacy? | [
"I do not think the government wants to control the internet as much as certain business interests want to control the internet. If ISPs, Studios, Publishers, etc. can control the amount and quality of content available to the consumer per $$$ paid, they can charge you more for the content some individuals desire."... | [
"Because believe it or not it affects what goes on around you. The amount of tax you pay, the amount of social assistance, whether or not wars both foreign and domestic occur. Look at what just happened with net neutrality. Had that not passed your Internet could be slowed down considerably while giving corporation... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Government and politics:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Government and politics:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
why are most pears not sprayed with wax, while most apples are sprayed? | [
"Apples are a cut-throat business. There can be dozens of different kinds in one store, and most people buy based on looks. Pears don't have that kind of competition, so they can relax and not worry about appearance as much."
] | [
"Agricultural Crop Specialist in training here! The black dots you see on the apples are totally fine to eat and are just a common fungus that grows on the skin of apples. This is caused by prolonged exposure to wetness, mostly from the apples being in the supermarket and being sprayed with water by the workers. It... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do antibiotics and alcohol not mix well? | [
"For almost all of them, it makes zero difference. Drinking alcohol and using classic antibiotics like penicillin has no adverse effects. Some classes of drugs, like the imidazole class (Flagyl, etc.) can have a very unpleasant effect when combined with alcohol. I had to take Flagyl, once - I did not believe the d... | [
"Tylenol is metabolized in the liver when it goes through your system. If your liver is already working on getting the alcohol out of your body, adding Tylenol on top of that will overwork and damage it. Ibuprofin or NSAIDs are broken down in the digestive system so they are a little safer to take with alcohol. How... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why are nuclear bombs detonated in the air instead of on impact? | [
"Because it has a wider impact range. Detonating on the ground has quite a bit of energy absorbed into the ground below it, instead of on the target location. Detonating in air allows it to spread out more, dealing more damage."
] | [
"Those nuclear weapons weren't all detonated at the same time, which would put massive amount of dirt and debris into the atmosphere and block the sun, which causes the nuclear winter. Also, the nuclear weapons were of varying sizes, detonated in different areas of the world (including underground and under the oce... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does something like Alzheimer's lead to death? | [
"The disease itself doesn't directly cause death, however it slowly causes the affected person to lose the ability to take care of themselves - they lose motor functions and the ability to speak, and end up spending their days bedridden, which also results in lack of proper diet and weakening of the immune system. ... | [
"The brain loses the ability to form memories. I’m not sure about the similarity to roofies."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
The No Child Left Behind Act and how it is effecting our education system. | [
"No Child Left Behind makes the funding of schools depend on how well the students do on tests. The effects are: - Teachers will concentrate on having the students do well on tests rather than making sure the students learn something - Once your school gets behind and you receive less money, it's hard to improve be... | [
"In a lot of states, all high school students have to pass a battery of tests in order to receive credit for graduating high school. The following are its theoretical pros and cons. Pros: Allows a standard measure for the quality of a school district and can highlight districts or schools that are severely underper... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How does internet cookies work, exactly? | [
"When you have cookies enabled, a website can save \"variables\" to your browser that only that same website can access. Like: * account_id = 4 * name = Frank * last_visit = 2015 Then when you visit that website again, your browser sends all those values back to the website."
] | [
"Why can't you? What type of internet do you have?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Is there a reason or purpose for having fingerprints? | [
"All those grooves and ridges help our fingers achieve a better grip. It's as simple as that, really. As an example, take a cellphone and place it screen-side down on the back of your hand and then slowly rotate your wrist. You should find that fairly quickly the phone slides off. Now take the same phone and place ... | [
"Do you have a link that contains examples of these images?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can lawyers get things like drug charges and DUIs talked down to things like trespassing and littering? | [
"Trials are expensive and time consuming. Rather than everyone spending the money and the time to prepare and go to trial, the defendant agrees to plead guilty to a lesser charge. Taxpayers don't have to pay as much for the trial, the guilty party still gets some form of punishment, and for the most part everyone's... | [
"There are things you can get a fine for (like parking after the meter expires) that are not \"criminal\". That is, they are not a felony or misdemeanor. Sometimes they are called \"infractions\" or \"civil violations\". They are still illegal, but you can't get arrested for them, and paying the fine doesn't make y... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
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