query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Why doesn't it feel the same as a professional massage when you massage your own muscles? | [
"Touch your hand. Which do you feel more? Your hand or the sensation of the act of touching your own hand?"
] | [
"It's just a massage in a not-commonly massaged part of the body, so it feels special. Just like a foot massage at the end of the day can feel wonderful, a head massage can as well. It's usually unique because most people don't often get head massages. However, own one of these devices and use it often. You'll see ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How do you "colorize" an old black and white film/ T.V. show? | [
"Convert the film to digital. Color each frame individually."
] | [
"4 steps: 1. Shoot on film 2. Convert to digital format for editing (telecine) 3. Edit and insert effects and CGI 4. Convert back to film using a high-tech machine"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is it hard to photograph striped fabrics? | [
"It's called \"moiré\" (pronounced mwarray) and it's to do with the way your digital camera sensor takes in and processes an image signal. Take a piece of paper with black parallel lines close together on it and make a copy on transparent film. Placing the transparent one on top, move their orientation away from b... | [
"How do you even take a picture of the center of a tornado?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How do countries with nationalized health care deal with medical fraud and abuse? Does it take up a huge chunk of their medical budget? | [
"Well, in a country that has nationalized health care you have less fraud and abuse because if everyone has easy access to healthcare there is little reason to get fraudulent medical insurance information, and you cannot abuse something you are given free and near unlimited access to."
] | [
"Everyone, to some extent. A big chunk goes to insurance. A large part of the higher cost of healthcare in the states is due to administration: figuring out who exactly pays for the service, and how much to pay. Single payer systems are much simpler to administer. Beyond that, doctors at least tend to be paid bette... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why are all big trucks and tractors diesel? | [
"Diesel-powered engines produce a good bit more torque then gasoline-powered engines giving them the ability to handle towing much more weight then gasoline-powered engines. Diesel-powered engines also last much longer. A diesel engine can last a million miles or more if properly maintained and tractors can last de... | [
"Because there are still a lot of cars on the road that don't require higher octane fuel. Not to mention boats, lawnmowers, generators, etc."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Morals aside... Why do countries deploy aid and charity giving to other countries? Is there any economic advantages to this? | [
"It can help a country develop into a potential market for the UK. Right now, Sudan can't afford any UK products, but there is a chance that with aid, they can develop themselves, get a higher GDP and wealth across the population and then suddenly they can afford all those products from the UK. Not saying that is n... | [
"Not a foremost expert, but I know the basic issue. It's a twofold problem. Nearly all of the rudimentary African governments have a disgusting level of corruption and will take take aid money/food/whatever and say they're giving it to their people when they're hoarding it for themselves. Throw different tribes/eth... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about International relations:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer about International relations:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why do some people need 8 or 9 hours of sleep, while others get along fine with 5 or 6 hours? | [
"I used to be one of these people who could supposedly manage going through life with 6 hours of sleep per night. I changed my sleep pattern to include at least 8 hours per night, and noticed a significant improvement in my quality of life. I was more energetic during the day, less tired later at night, and I perfo... | [
"Sleep isn't so simple as \"missed 2 hours tonight, so I need 2 extra tomorrow night.\" Sleep is more about rhythm than anything else. Until and unless a rhythm is established, you will always feel tired. If you pull an all-nighter, generally you're going to need 3-5 nights of consistent, good sleep before your bod... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health:"
} |
How is it that dreams can almost predict when your alarm is going to go off? | [
"Memories of dreams can be misleading as to what really happened. If your alarm goes off, your dream may incorporate the sound into your dream. You didn't anticipate it, you reacted to it. But this doesn't last long before you actually start waking up and realizing that your alarm in real life is going off."
] | [
"Because you've made it all the way through to the other side of your cycle, and now the sun is shining, and the day is starting to fire up, so your brain gets into \"time to start our day\" mode, even though you never actually went to sleep. This will catch up with you eventually, however. The next cycle is going ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Sleep and its effects on the body:"
} |
Psychologists, especially, why do the super wealthy still want more? | [
"I believe Andrew Carnegie once answered the question in this way: \"How much is enough?\" AC: \"Just a little bit more.\""
] | [
"Because people think they are the best. Do you want to enumerate your concerns?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Economics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Economics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How albums get leaked weeks ahead of their official release date | [
"It could be people involved with the creation and distribution of the album. If they are working on the songs or creation of the discs, they obtain copies of the music. I imagine this makes up most of the people that leak songs before a full release. Some radio stations or certain individuals may receive advanced... | [
"Hype has a life span. If they announce it 2 years before it comes out everyone will forget about it by the time it comes out"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why have 10 ELI5 links shown up on my front page just now despite the fact I'm subscribed to 50 other subreddits including all the major default subreddits? | [
"I'm not entirely sure, but from what I remember reading a while back, it has to do with the way that Reddit's ranking algorithm sorts the frontpage. It's the reason why you aren't subscribed to every single subreddit by default; all of the smaller subreddits would dominate the front page. I guess the ranking algor... | [
"Someone can correct me if I'm wrong, but I'm pretty sure Front is the top posts of your subscribed subreddits, and all is the top posts of all subreddits."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
My doctor blames ObamaCare for my 10 minute appointment and lack of care. | [
"Doctor here. The primary reason for documentation is billing. Billing, billing, billing. If he is putting things in his notes that he did not do, that is fraud. Feel free to report him to the state medical board if you want. The reason his visits are so short is so he can see more patients and bill more. 10 minute... | [
"Also important to note that Medicare reimbursement is now tied in part to patient satisfaction, and it's planned to increase that portion of it over the years. Take everything that everyone mentioned here, and add to it the fact that a doctor will stand to possibly lose money by not giving in to a patient's deman... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why is it easy to close a jar, but sometimes incredibly hard to open? | [
"There's all sorts of things that make jars hard to open. * You can spill stuff on the rim & it dries up, glueing things in place. * Temperature changes can cause the metal lid to contract faster than the glass does, making it physically tighter * Temperature changes can make the air inside contract causing the lid... | [
"To let you know if the bottle has been opened. The ring is barely attached to the cap and it sits beneath the threads, so normally, it doesn't come off when you unscrew the cap. That way, if you grab a bottle at the store and see that the ring isn't attached, you know it's been opened."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
What's actually happening biologically when we get a brainfreeze? | [
"There's a nerve that runs along the roof of your mouth and when the roof of your mouth gets too cold the nerve sends a pain signal to your brain. _URL_0_"
] | [
"Related question: why does it feel so GOOD to crack a joint? There's like a palpable relief sensation, what causes that?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why is road rage so prevalent? | [
"People get angry when they are driving and can neither control the actions of other people or communicate their frustration with that lack of power. Especially when you know that an accident will at the least cause a headache and at the most take the lives of you/your family/etc. And just like the Internet we have... | [
"Have you been paying attention to the news at all this past year? FIFA is astonishingly corrupt."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
how do hot air balloons steer? | [
"> Up makes sense... Down sort of makes sense. But how do they steer beyond that? They don't. You have to go up or down (by heating air or venting out hot air, respectively), and try to find an air current going in the direction that you want. And if you can't tough luck, you're going the wrong way, and you have to... | [
"There are thousands of types of cancer each with different causes and different treatment mechanisms What causes tumors in the lungs and tumors in the liver and tumors in the skin are all very different and treatments for them are wildly different Yes, all cancer is tumors so they have that in common, but saying o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
What happens when a computer is turned on | [
"When a PC is first turned on, it runs a special program called BIOS (Basic Input/Ouput System) , a very simple program that let's the computer interact with the screen, keyboard, mouse, hard drive, USB ports, network, and other basic I/O components. After the BIOS finishes, it goes to a specific location on the h... | [
"The time is set at the factory where the motherboard is built. A battery on the motherboard keeps the clock running until you plug everything in."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do women live longer than men? I'd expect the opposite, since post-menopausal traits are the only traits that can never be subject to natural selection- and those are the years that make up the life expectancy difference. | [
"The \"grandmother hypothesis\" is one that has been put forward to explain why women go through menopause and spend a significant portion of their lives post--menopausally. That is, grandmothers do a lot to help raise their grandchildren, and in that fashion, reproductive success is increased through women living ... | [
"It seems to serve mostly as sexual fitness signalling function, as women with small breasts don't have problems feeding their offspring, generally. This goes well with the tendency of many males to attribute some sexual attraction to them. Breasts, outside pregnancy, do not have high metabolic demands, so there wo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about biology:"
} |
Why do we have urge to smoke, despite knowing it's not good for health | [
"We like putting things in our mouths, and we like the rush from nicotine, a highly addictive drug. We also like rituals associated with pleasurable activities."
] | [
"Inhaling anything but pure clean air has the potential to cause problems. Nobody knows if e-cig vapor causes any serious harm but it's not **good** for you. There's tons of shit you do every day that's not good for you - pick your battles & do what you enjoy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does a glass with water in it get bubbles if it sits over night? | [
"Dissolved oxygen conglomerates on itself and attaches to imperfections in the glass sides. Remember that the act of pouring and / or filling the glass is a process of oxygenation / aeration."
] | [
"It has to do with what's around them while they freeze. Try this experiment. Place two trays next to each other on a shelf. The ice will pop out of both trays just fine. For the next batch place the trays on top of each other. The top tray's ice will come out just fine while the bottom tray's ice will stick and cr... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is that sound you hear when you shut your eyes as hard as you can? | [
"You're activating the [tensor tympani muscle](_URL_1_), which pulls on the bones of the inner ear to damp sounds like chewing. The [rumbling noise](_URL_0_) is just what muscle fibers sound like under tension, but stronger than you'll often otherwise encounter it because the muscle is inside your ear."
] | [
"You never closed your eyes while being outside in the sun, did you?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Health and Physiology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Health and Physiology:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Biology:"
} |
How every single person on the planet is born with a unique thumbprint. | [
"They aren't. Humans do not have unique fingerprints. However, one person's fingerprints remain the same their entire life, and the very large number of potential fingerprints makes it extremely unlikely that two people who have anything to do with each other will share fingerprints. It has happened, but not often.... | [
"Congratulations on making it onto a watch list! Without saying anything too classified, density. Density of materials is almost like a finger print."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about Technology:"
} |
what's the big deal with broadcasting "illegally" on different freqencies? | [
"A lot of radio channels are reserved for military/emergency use. If you are broadcasting on a channel then they can't use it. It is illegal to broadcast on certain channels because you impede emergency services/military services, and that is generally frowned upon."
] | [
"radio stations put most songs through an equalizer in the hopes that it will sound better. radio isn't exactly the highest quality and they try to improve the sound quality that listeners recieve. this usually involves removing most bass frequencies except for the kick, either lowering or oversaturating mid freque... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do software installers recommend that you close all other programs? | [
"it's a safety net... if another program is running it may have a lock on some file or directory that the installer may try to access. This could lead the installer to fail, and the end user may report that as a problem which you might never be able to replicate. So, it's easier to tell everyone to shut down any ot... | [
"Not sure about phones but with computers if you install a lot of programs some of those programs add themselves to the start up queue which means each time you start your computer those programs will start and the more programs that are in your start up queue the more time your computer will take to start up. Exam... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
What is "Lake Effect" snow? | [
"Lake effect snow happens when a cold air mass moves over a relatively warm or unfrozen lake, picks up moisture, and then dumps it once it has passed over the lake. It is different from \"regular\" snow because the lake acts as a source of moisture needed to create snow. Normally, cold air isn't very wet - the cold... | [
"Check out Robert E. May's *Manifest Destiny's Underworld*."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
LI5: convince me that air travel is safe, based on the mechanics not the statistics | [
"If you haven't experienced this already, next time you go on a drive stick one of your hands out the window, put all your fingers flat and together like [this handshake](_URL_0_) [or like you're karate chopping the air] and rotate your hand swivels up and down like a wave. Super rudimentary diagram: Back of Car| ... | [
"They don't. It's all based on estimates. However, these are backed by reason and are not guesses."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why don't bleeding cracks in the rectum become severly infected ? | [
"They can. The body has some pretty efficient ways of fighting bacteria so a lot of times it is just neutralized before it can do much harm but every so often it will become infected. It's also important to note that bleeding is stopped pretty quickly by the body to the small tears don't stay 'open' for long before... | [
"If you get bleeding in the GI system ( stabbed or ulcer) or the respiratory system you can get blood coming through the oral cavity"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How am I able to scroll on my touch screen phone with a chewed piece of gum? | [
"Your phone screen uses the slight electrical conductivity of your finger to sense touch. The saliva in your chewed gum gives it enough electrical conductivity to register a touch on your screen."
] | [
"I want to know that too. Maybe i can add a question to that ELI5 topic: Why do i see lightning like things when closing my eyes and pushing/rolling them with my finger?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do I get the uncontrollable urge to slap my knee or hit nearby object when I'm laughing really really hard? | [
"Probably because is a learned behavior you picked up on as a kid. You saw your parents or other adults doing it. And like most kids wanting to be like their parents, or someone they admire, you likely copied them. Over time, it became a part of who you are. Source: some dude who does the same exact random little ... | [
"Because it helps to take your mind off of the embarrassing thought. I do that a lot when I'm hung over."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why that TV clip is not available in my country | [
"Because TV shows are licensed for use on a country by country basis. If some network in your country has paid for the right to air SNL there, they'd get pretty upset if someone could watch it for free somewhere else."
] | [
"They want you to subscribe to the TV channel, not be able to watch for free online."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Who is buying illegal ivory and what is it used for? | [
"Most of the ivory is going to China, where wealthy Chinese capitalists will prize it as a sign of their great wealth, or sometimes grind it down to dust and mix it with water to create a potion that they believe makes their dicks bigger. No joke."
] | [
"Poachers expect to benefit financially from the ivory. If it's destroyed, they can't ever benefit from sales of the ivory — it will never find its way to them to be sold. It is supposed to cause them to realise that their activities will not benefit them financially."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Please help me understand the difference between being sad and having depression. | [
"Being sad is usually a passing feeling and theres a reason behind it. Like, i was on my way to work and spilt my coffee down myself, broke up with my boyfriend, accidentally killed my dog and its Monday. That would make someone sad but they would get over it. Depression is feeling shit nearly all the time. Its fe... | [
"I'd like for you to consider the possibility you are in denial."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why does _URL_0_ say there is a 0% chance of rain right now, yet it is absolutely pouring outside? | [
"A big part of it is where the sensors are. I'm in DC, but my understanding is that all of the weather reports are based on measurements being picked up at Dulles which is an airport a few miles into Virginia, away from the city."
] | [
"> Does it just take a while to catch up? Exactly. This is why the hottest part of the day is after noon, just on a larger scale."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about weather:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about weather:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
what actions constitute collusion? is collusion inherently illegal or does the action need to be illegal? | [
"Collusion just means working together in secret or behind the scenes. It's not inherently a crime. It can be used loosely to describe the crime of conspiracy, which is committed when two or more people agree to commit some unlawful act, and then take some action toward committing the unlawful act. Conspiracies ar... | [
"It works the same way as buying fake drugs or hiring a fake hitman or prostitute. Intent to commit and belief you were committing an illegal act is sufficient to be guilty, even if it would not be possible for you to actually commit it. Also, just because an excuse is technically possible doesn't mean it gets you ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Since light takes time to travel from distant stars to earth, does this mean our night sky is consistently being "updated" with new stars? | [
"Yes, although it's not like they just \"turn on\" one night. Stars take many thousands of years to be born. > If so, would this mean that eventually (undoubtedly far into the future) the night sky would become so densely packed with stars that differentiating them from one another with the naked eye would be impo... | [
"No. The network of brain cells consists of cells which communicate during their lifetime at a speed which is really pretty fast although nowhere near light speed. So it is a network of communicating cells. The network you see consisting of the visible matter, (so much less of the universe now ) consists of stars w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about science:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about science:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Science:"
} |
If a human kills an animal with the use of guns, traps, or weapons, does that still fall under the idea of natural selection and survival of the fittest? | [
"Natural selection created a human with the intelligence, social skills and dexterity to work with others to design and create the tools that were used to kill the animal so yes it is still a case of natural selection and survival of the fittest."
] | [
"Most fish and hunted animals are prey animals - meaning that some other animal eats them for sustenance. No other animal cares that its meal is dispatched in the most pain free way possible. The primary role of prey is to die as food for another, so killing an animal for food isn't cruel. It's fulfilling its ultim... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do people become more awake after a certain point in the night? | [
"You have two systems that drive you to sleep (1) the homeostatic system that tallies your sleep debt and (2) the circadian system that makes sure you sleep at the right time by regulating both sleep drive and arousal (making sure you stay awake). If you wait long enough during the night the circadian drive to put ... | [
"Are you sure you are actually conscious of being in a dream rather than merely dreaming that you are conscious within a dream?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Sleep and fatigue:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Sleep and fatigue:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Psychology:"
} |
what happens if anyone were to successfully launch a missile at the US? | [
"the military would know in seconds of a hostile missile launch because there's satellites pointed at the areas of the world. whether or not they'll tell YOU as a civilian is a different matter. flight time for an intermediate range nuclear missile from a offcoast submarine launch would be under 30 minutes. so ca... | [
"Scroll down to the bottom, that site is not real. It also says Not over the whitehouse in the logo. Also it has parody written on the site header I dont think you would ever see a method of launching weapons like that on the public internet, it would be far far to tempting a target for international hacking teams.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What are those things that grow on old potatoes and what causes them to grow? | [
"Those things coming out are the sprouting roots and stem. So yes, that is how potatoes grow."
] | [
"Because the cold slows down the bacteria that is eating your food. Which is what's making it go bad in the first place."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
If you have a glass of ice and let it melt you get floaty white bits in the water, why is this? | [
"It seems to be coming from having rather hard water. Basically, when freezing, impurities (like dissolved salts) stay in the liquid part of your ice cube, while the forming ice is rather clean. In the end this leads to crystals forming. This effect is also used for creating highly clean silicon (zone melting), or ... | [
"Usually the sugary part and the water thaw at different rates. If you freeze say, Gatorade and start to drink it when there is still a giant ice block in the bottle, what you are drinking is mostly sugar."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:"
} |
At what distance does our eyes focus while we shut our eyes? Also, why, during eye fatigue, is it advised to look at distant object instead of simply shutting the eyes? | [
"Don't quote me on this, but I wanna say your eyes try to pick up on images or shapes in the dark rather than completely relaxing. Like how you can sorta hallucinate in the dark because your eyes want to make images out of it."
] | [
"I believe the alcohol affect your the area of you brain responsible for vision which affects your eyes ability to properly focus. While you might be trying to look at something near to you, your eyes may be focusing on something far away and vice-versa. It has happened to me on a few occasions. I'll be looking at... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why do journalists and producers have to ask for permission to use a tweet or a video, but they don't ask for permission to (famous) people (politicans, rappers, etc.)? | [
"In America, depending on the state, there are different rules for dealing with public figures lives and private citizen's lives. A media outlet could report any publicly available tweet, but why would it?"
] | [
"Talking about raping and killing isn't a crime. It also turns out that a lot of artists paint pictures that aren't real, a lot of writers write books that never actually happened, and a lot of rap lyrics aren't direct quotes from the rapper's autobiography."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Entertainment:"
} |
Why did the bubonic plague epidemoc come to an end? | [
"Two reasons: 1. There weren't enough people left alive to maintain the spread. 2. The people that survived the first round were far more resistant than those that did not."
] | [
"A pandemic is something that effects the whole world, think the Spanish Flu of 1928. An epidemic effects a more localized area. For example the outbreak of Smallpox that ravaged the Native American population was an epidemic."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Is a marriage performed in Las Vegas valid internationally, specifically in Norway? | [
"There is obviously a huge back story here. Cough it up."
] | [
"They are. Abandoning a child is a criminal offense in every state in the US and in every other Western nation that I'm aware of."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How a human being can be on a hunger strike for over a month but not lose any weight | [
"Her liquid only diet includes a lot of rich liquids, she's not really on a hunger strike."
] | [
"Because they are largely irrelevant except for a tiny minority of people neither gained sufficient weight in society for anyone to really care"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why do people with Autism have difficulty with emotions and empathy? What is going on in their brains that are different? | [
"Unfortunately, that is still unknown. Autism, while definitely existing, is very difficult to prove. There's no specific mechanism behind it. Some people with autism have some sorts of changes in how fast their brain develops, but not all. And when it does, it doesnt have any obvious physical effects. Since we can... | [
"ADD and ADHD have been collapsed into one diagnosis, ADHD, which now has subtypes: ADHD Inattentive type, and ADHD hyperactive type. There is also an ADHD: mixed type where you are both inattentive and hyperactive. The diagnosis of ADD has been removed from the DSM (the bible for psychiatrists and psychologists). ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
if we need to thoroughly wash our hands with soap, and many foods need to be cooked to kill bacteria, why is it enough to just wash the fruits and vegetables with water? | [
"I normally use white distilled vinegar diluted with water to wash most of my vegetables and fruits. There are a couple other ways too. Vinegar is used as a cleaner a lot, the acidity is suppose to kill a lot of the bad stuff and take off some pesticides left behind."
] | [
"Bacteria don't experience emotions, so they wouldn't be startled. They also stick to surfaces instantly, so they are all over that side of your food as soon as it hits the ground. Good news is, you can wash it well, cook it, or sterilize it with other methods, and it should be safe to eat as long as your floor doe... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
why is the skin on a bald/shaved head so shiny compared to the skin on the rest of your body? | [
"bald guy here. your hair normally soaks up most of the oils your head produces, thus giving your hair a shiny luster. its especially noticeable if you haven't washed your hair in a few days. if you have no hair the oils tend to just sit there and shine."
] | [
"Lips are red/pink ish due to the skin being extremely thin compared to the rest of the body"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are cartoons commonly made for children? | [
"It sort of evolved into a children's thing. Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies started out being for adults. That's why a lot of the comedy was related to sociological topics: WWII, Depression Era soup kitchens and bread lines, entertainment icons like Frank Sinatra/Bing Crosby, Vaudeville, etc. There was violence a... | [
"For the same reason they're socially acceptable in movies, television, advertising, video games and literature - because they sell."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Entertainment:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Entertainment:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Entertainment:"
} |
How do people get good at flying in wingsuits? Where/how do they practice? | [
"Most people get lessons from instructions. Places you can get instructions for this is called a Drop Zone. But to learn wingsuiting, you must first learn the basics of skydiving, and most places require you to have some amount of skydiving jumps before they will teach you wingsuiting. Skydiving/wingsuiting is an ... | [
"How do you get good at that game you've been playing? How do you solve that puzzle you've been working on? How do you get better at that job you can't seem to get right? ...Watch people. Get on Youtube, go out to busy areas, ask your confident friends, take risks and just, well, do it. Use the resources at your di... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How Boston Bomber Dzokhar Tsarnaev's defence team includes top attorneys who have defended people such as the Unabomber and Olympics Bomber. | [
"Why defend? As an American citizen he has the RIGHT to a fair trial with a defense. Even if he were not a citizen he would be given a fair trial because the constitution says he does. As for the death penalty, it is likely but not guaranteed. His lawyers will try to keep him alive. It is not about winning, it is a... | [
"One was a celebrity who pleaded innocent. One was a terrorist who pleaded guilty."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do we gag when we brush our tongue? | [
"You will not gag when you brush the front 2/3rd of the tongue. The back 1/3rd of the tongue, however, will cause you to gag. This is a reflex to stop unwanted foreign objects from entering your airways and choking you to death."
] | [
"I use both sides of my mouth when I chew. Why would you only use one?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Dentistry:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Dentistry:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why, when I have a cold, does one side of my nose get stuffy but then as soon as that side clears up the other side gets stuffy? | [
"It's a normal cycle that your nose goes through, even when you're not sick. You just notice it more when you're sick because it blocks off breathing in which ever nostril is currently active."
] | [
"I get my worst allergy symptoms at night. I go to lay down, roll over, and I can no longer breathe out of my nose. The struggle is real"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How are jobs and money spread and distributed in a communist society like within Russia? | [
"Russia stopped being communist around 1991. As for how they work, basically the central government creates a five year plan for all the businesses and then assign the work. Pay is set in a similar manner, so someone that drives a cab may make more than in other countries while a doctor makes far less money than ot... | [
"I sincerely doubt there's much difference in personal liberties between America and Western Europe."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why do they "need" to kill horses when they get a leg broken? | [
"They're not always killed, especially if it's a simple fracture in a non-racehorse. But horses have pretty poor circulation in their legs, so any more serious injury is unlikely to heal properly and can easily become infected. This means that the horse will go through a lot of pain and the owner will spend a lot o... | [
"Because they aren't being eaten, they are being carried by momma."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does female genitalia smell like fish? | [
"A bacteria called Gardnerella vaginalis that causes bacterial vaginosis has a fishy odor. Sanitary napkins are conducive to bacterial growth."
] | [
"Not everyone can smell it. So, to them, their pee doesn't smell. But to those who can smell it, everyone's pee smells when they eat asparagus. (Don't ask how this was discovered.)"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why did some ancient civilizations (i.e. Romans) seem to have more advancements in things like architecture than others (i.e. Native North Americans) | [
"There are a lot of different theories as to why this is. The one I think best explains it is that technological development comes about because of competition for resources, either because of overpopulation or environmental change. In North America and Africa the population was fairly sparse and the climate ideal ... | [
"\"ancient times\" is very broad. Are there any specific cultures you're interested in (e.g., Republican Rome, Old Kingdom Egypt, etc.)?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Since 68 million year old tissue of Tyrannosaurus rex was found, is the dream of live dinosaurs a possibility again? | [
"Not with existing technology. After about 1.5 million years, DNA breaks down too much to be readable."
] | [
"It's like finding a needle in a haystack. More specifically, a mosquito in some random place on earth. Also, DNA degrades over time. We've had problems with wooly mammoth DNA and that's far \"younger\" than dinosaur DNA."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Which is better for levitating heavy objects, acoustic levitation with sound waves or magnetic field levitation? Why? | [
"acoustic levitation is currently limited to a few kilograms, and creates noise pollution that can affect things that are sensitive to the frequencies used (you can use ultrasound so it doesnt bother humans) magnetic levitation can lift much more (entire trains, for example), but cant directly lift objects that don... | [
"Induction. A current within a conductor creates a magnetic field, and a changing magnetic field causes a current within a conductor. This is why electromagnets are a thing, how generators turn movement into electricity, how electric motors turn electricity into movement, how radios and antennas transmit and reciev... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How come Hulu has managed to bypass Adblock, yet YouTube and other websites haven't? | [
"Hulu streams all its ads from its own servers. AdBlock is designed to block ads from third party servers."
] | [
"IT can, why do you think it \"can't\" Youtube has purposefully changed their system to attempt to prevent you from doing this on mobile devices and making that \"feature\" available only to their YouTube Red subscribers as a benefit of subscribing. tl;dr: You gotta pay"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about Technology:"
} |
What is the actual difference between the three fuel grades found at gas stations? I understand many cars use premium fuel but I don't know exactly why. Also why unleaded plus is there a situation where regular or premium are not suitable (besides price of course) -thanks | [
"This has been asked about a thousand times, so for a more complete answer you should search. Short version: Higher octane rating means higher knock resistance. High compression engines need higher octane rated gas to avoid knocking, which can damage the engine and reduces fuel economy. Using plus or premium gas in... | [
"The types of gasoline are usually associated with an octane rating. The higher the octane rating, the harder the fuel is to ignite via compression. The efficiency of each will depend on the motor. My car is tuned for 93 octane, and using anything lower risks damaging my engine. When my car was stock, using any oct... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Difference between reboot and remake | [
"I think it would make a little more sense if we tossed in the concept of a \"sequel\" as well. And, of course, with more batman. Sequels - Think of these like the christopher nolan trilogy. Batman Begins, The Dark Knight, and The Dark Knight Rises. Three stories, following a specific instance of Batman. Same batma... | [
"> what happens to the computer Nothing at all will happen to the computer, your installation of windows may stop working though and you'll need to either repair or reinstall it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why do we take so much care to shelter our children from so many bad things, when we know they will grow up and do things such as: Cuss, have sex, drink, do stupid things? | [
"Because kids don't have the mental capacity to make choices about what is good or bad for them and need to be guided."
] | [
"There are many reasons: it provides a social group, an extra-curricular activity, and physical exercise. It requires the kid to maintain good grades to continue his participation. Kids can get injured in any sport, and get hurt all the time outside of sports. Preventing kids from doing the things they want to do, ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why don't Tablets have USB ports? | [
"because special ports like the apple one encourages brand loyalty"
] | [
"Are all of your electronic made by Apple?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Can the contributions of the ISS be quantified in scientific or economic terms? | [
"You can see [a list of all the experiments ran on the ISS](_URL_0_), which might be a start. I have no idea how you would quantify such a thing though."
] | [
"Because those are finite and don't really have a good connection to the economic value of a nation. By using the trust standard, you are valuing a nation's currency by valuing it's economic power. This also frees up valuable materials for other uses."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why do companies provide open source software? What is the benefit of providing free software when you could be making money? | [
"Open Source Software (OSS) is known for providing security advantages, because many more developers are working on and looking at the code at the same time, versus a proprietary software where the source code is closed source. Many companies will embrace this by releasing a \"Community\" version of their software,... | [
"It depends. Sometimes they make the language for a specific company. Sometimes they make the language, then charge people to use it. Sometimes they just make languages for free and don't make money. Other times they make the language for free and sell software for it, or charge for their expertise (if the language... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
When the media reports that the "FBI questioned x for ties to terrorism"- how does that work? Do they just knock on the door? | [
"Typically it means they've either been arrested for something similar, or that they've, indeed, just had the police/FBI etc around to ask some questions. Quite literally, knocking on the door and asking to come in. This usually means that there's some suspicious link, but not necessarily something that means you'r... | [
"Thinking isn't a crime, especially in the US. In the US, freedom of speech allows you to say \"I think the country would be better off if someone blew up the White House.\" Even saying \"I plan to blow up the White House\" could be taken to mean \"on Twitter\", and you'd get questioned, not SWATed. Hollywood blows... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why when obese people lose weight are they not super strong? | [
"They built those muscle to carry the heavy weight. When they work out to lose weight, they don't build or maintain that muscle. This means that as the fat burns off, the muscle goes away too, leaving them skinny, but only only averagely strong."
] | [
"What you suggest will absolutely caused you to lose weight. However it will not make you more *healthy*. Most people that are interested in losing weight want to do so to get healthier."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Can I see the Milkyway with my bare eyes like in the Link included? If yes: how? If no: why not? | [
"It's definitely a naked eye 'object,' but you have to be in an area of very low/no light pollution. The image in your link looks a bit bright to me, probably an extended camera exposure at least to some degree. Basically, the camera can let in more light to enhance the image in a way that your visual senses canno... | [
"I'm one of the \"some people\". Sometimes I don't even have to look at the sun, I just sneeze 3-4 or even 5 times when i go out into bright sun light. I consider this my allergic reaction to sun. Did I mention my name is Vlad and I live in Transylvania? true story!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why do rechargeable batteries fail or go bad? | [
"I don't know the scientific reason, but I can answer your question using an analogy. Imagine an elastic band. If you kept stretching it, eventually, it will lose it's elasticity. That's the same principle with rechargeable batteries."
] | [
"The battery holds charge like any other battery, it just lasts a long time because it uses so little electricity. You can open your key fob and change the battery if it runs out."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why do many coupons state the are worth .001 or some other fraction of a cent, rather than just saying they have no monetary value? | [
"Most states have a law stating they must be redeemable for face value if they have no stated monetary value. So they make the cash value so low that they're not worth redeeming."
] | [
"There are two types of coupons: Store Coupons, in which the store is running a promotion to entice people to come to the store, because most of the time people end up buying a bunch of other stuff in addition to the sale item. They usually still make a smaller profit off the sale item. Manufacturer Coupons, in whi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How does a spider form such a near perfectly angled and structured web? | [
"I did a little bit of research into it and it seems they are not as \"perfect\" as it seems. For a traditional web that most will imagine it starts with a single \"bridge thread\" where the spider throws a line of silk hoping to get it to connect. The spider would then work on creating a frame and finish off with ... | [
"It depends on the spider, but usually they just attach one end of the silk, then walk around to the other side and attach the other. Then they walk along the line and drop a vertical line to make a Y shape. Then they go back and tighten the horizontal line by eating the excess and reattaching. Then they set about ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Assuming weight loss is purely about "calories in vs. calories out," how is it possible for the body to go into "starvation mode" and temporarily prevent weight loss from occurring | [
"What people think is starvation mode is a myth. Starvation mode exists ONLY when you are so malnourished and underweight that your organs are going to start shutting down and you will die. So as a last clutch attempt your body tries to prevent any more weight loss to prevent death. Starvation mode is not something... | [
"The primary reason is psychological. People who crash diet look for a short term fix, never learn how to have a healthy, sustainable diet, and just don't choose to maintain. People also talk about how the body has a natural equilibrium it likes to hold to, which is also true. One example is, when you're at a sever... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why did the US Government have no trouble prosecuting Microsoft under antitrust law but doesn't consider the Comcast/TWC merger to be a similar antitrust violation? | [
"The US Government *did* have trouble prosecuting Microsoft. They investigated repeatedly throughout the 90's, but they only got a slap on the wrist by the European Union and nothing more than a finger waving by the US DoJ... if anti-trust laws still had any teeth they would have been split into a couple companies ... | [
"A monopoly isn't necessarily illegal and does not always have to be broken up. If it is discovered that they are using their position in order to suppress competition, there will be an antitrust investigation, and they would be punished accordingly."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Basic Question: What IS the "Superposition" in Physics? | [
"The basic idea of superposition is that something can hold multiple states simultaneously until it is observed/measured, in which case a single state is adopted (randomly). In the thought experiment example, this refers to the cat being both alive and dead at the same time... and when you open the box, the cat ei... | [
"From a more general perspective, there's this great video by Tom Scott - _URL_1_ - Why Computers Suck At Translation And enjoy the similarly brilliant - _URL_0_ - Adjectival Order: Why A \"Big Red Balloon\", not a \"Red Big Balloon\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how are memories stored in the brain? | [
"The best explanation we have is a thing called Long Term Potentiation. Basically when you create a memory a connection between cells in your brain is formed. Repeated experiences make that connection stronger and last longer and more likely to be activated again. When you remember something it's a result of that c... | [
"Different pathways in the brain are associated with different 'memories' as such. Someone with a brilliant long-term but rubbish short-term will have stronger brain pathways going from their long-term memories to everything else. Make sense? :)"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How can the batteries on Tesla vehicles manage to get fully charged within 15 mins; while latest smartphone batteries can take upwards of 1-2hrs minimum. | [
"In the Tesla, the batteries are cooled much like the engine in a normal car. This is because discharging and charging batteries is not 100% efficient, you will always lose some energy to heat - the faster you're (dis)charging, the more you lose. Since the batteries are cooled, the Tesla can charge the battery at a... | [
"Not really, most modern phones have a feature where they deactivate charging until they drop to like 97%. Since most phones have a decent standby time, it doesn't get charged for more than like 20min in 8hr."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
why did older TV show have laughing tracks. | [
"Because they were originally filmed in front of a live studio audience. Producers believed that audiences would miss laughing along with others and felt it would make for a better experience. Contagious laughter works but using the same track and tacking a laugh on every joke eventually backfired."
] | [
"Yup for the money. Older seem less annoyed by it. My gf dad love to play those health tip videos with robot voice."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are BBC produced nature documentaries like Planet Earth and Frozen Planet given a new narator for US audiences? Why not keep David Attenborough in the US version? | [
"Like every TV network decision, it's based on what they think will appeal to the widest audience and thus make them the most money. Maybe they think that having a British narrator will make the show be perceived as a \"stuffy\" documentary and therefore too boring. Maybe they just think that people will be more co... | [
"You’re obviously not watching any good documentaries. All the David Attenborough ones have a 10 minute segment at the end. Generally an insane amount of work, time and technology goes into it. But watch them."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How does "home field advantage" work? | [
"While these other factors certainly play a role, the vast majority of homefield advantage arises because officials tend to be subconsciously biased towards home teams. In the book \"Scorecasting\", by L. Jon Wertheim and Tobias Moskowitz, the authors studied home field advantage and found that officials in every s... | [
"How would you define \"winning\" a presidential debate?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
why are spinning objects more stable and balanced? | [
"Since there the velocity of any point is pointing tangential to its rotation, when you apply any force perpendicular to the plane of rotation of the disk (or ball or whatever) the two momenta add up and cause it to tilt 90º away from where the force acted. This way, the object precesses instead of falling straight... | [
"For the same reason that many depictions of Jesus Christ are of a white Italian esque guy rather than middle eastern, it's become mainstream. However, entertaining the question, some have argued that a UFO would need to spin or else it would risk tumbling around in the sky. Kind of like when you throw a frisbee a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How do the existing self driving car projects by Google and Tesla handle the ethical implications? | [
"You can't hit pedestrians on purpose. Any car that did that would subject its manufacturer to unacceptable liability. The car can do what human driver would do, blow the horn to frighten the pedestrians and perhaps warn the truck, and/or tighten the seatbelt pre-tensioners to better protect the occupants."
] | [
"How does a drivered car? Humans regularly get into car accidents every single time there is snow."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
can anyone give an insight on what is happening inside a computer, from the layer of logic gates up to the OS? Thanks | [
"If you literaly want someone to walk you down from the operation system down to the electronics you need a lot of time. Anyway, i will try to give a very vague explenation: all software today, including OS, are written in so called higher programming languages such as C, C++, Java, Python, whatever. This code is t... | [
"With great difficulty. You have to start with the hardware, will it run on regular modern computer hardware or its own custom thing? You write code that will communicate with the hardware in a structured predictable way (usually assembly/machine code). You write it in a way that it can store and manipulate data. O... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why does fat usually gather around the midsection/waist (lovehandles) instead elsewhere on the body? | [
"Because your core doesn't have the same range of motion and precision requirements as your arms and legs. They also don't house vital organs necessary for living, meaning the fat serves as protection and insulation. In a nutshell: it's the best place your body can store energy reserves without getting in the way."... | [
"A lot of it is genetic, but generally the biggest difference is hormones. Estrogen causes fat storage primarily below the waist, testosterone causes fat storage in the abdomen. This explains \"beer bellies\" being more prevalent in men, etc."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Question about my effect on world events. | [
"Its something thats hard to know. A small change usually has little to no effect, but sometimes it can make all the difference even though it shouldnt. Maybe by talking to a pretty woman/man on the street youve saved them from absentmindedly walking out in front of traffic 10minutes later, you'll never know."
] | [
"I need an ELI5 for whatever this question means."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why non-veterans and military get off from work ( & school?) on Veteran's Day. | [
"It's a federal holiday. Schools are off on most federal holidays. Most people also aren't Presidents, or Martin Luther King Jr, but schools also get off presidents day and MLK day. Some companies give people days off on veterans day as a benefit of employment, in general employees are happier when they have more v... | [
"Why is election on weekdays instead of weekends?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why are hotel bed sheets almost exclusively white? | [
"It's cheap and easy to clean white sheets even if they get stained - throw them in with some bleach at high heat in an industrial washer and they'll look pretty good. You can't bleach stains out of sheets of another color and they can fade, so you have to take more care when washing them. White also has the advant... | [
"I wonder this too, because 3-ply is apparently also the standard in Australia, but it's not even available here in the United States."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How can computers give random numbers? Please explain it from the transistor level too | [
"There are various levels of \"random\". Many programmers use the trick of using the elapsed microseconds in the clock, which is random enough for a lot of things. Numbers that are more truly random usually require dedicated hardware. There rely on a lot of different chaotic physical processes: static from radio ch... | [
"The problem is that this is a hard question to answer, as it is way too broad and a bit too vague. Do you want to know about how software works, or the operating system? The whole collection of memory, microprocessor, storage devices and other stuff that make up the hardware? Or do you want to know how a digital d... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Computer Science:"
} |
Are mental illnesses curable? | [
"Generally speaking, no. Technically speaking, it depends. A true mental illness (genetically predisposed to it) can’t be cured because it’s a chemical imbalance in the brain. Medications temporarily fix this, but as soon as medication is ceased, it comes back. My entire family is riddled with depression, ADHD, anx... | [
"It is a mental disorder just like depression, ADD, etc and mental disorders are considered diseases. There are chemical imbalances in the brain."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why are people against voter id laws in the US? | [
"In-person voter fraud doesn't actually happen in any statistically significant way. Getting state-issued ID takes money and time which a person may not have, and in many places there's an excessive amount of travel required to get to a place which issues ID. People disenfranchised by voter ID laws are overwhelming... | [
"ACLU possibly. Look them up. Support them if you care about freedom of speech, press, religion, etc. This assumes this happened in the US."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why is my hair brown but my beard is red? | [
"Your head hair is [Terminal hair](_URL_0_) and your face hair is [Androgenic hair](_URL_1_). While both are influenced by melanin genes, they're separate systems that can be affected by genetics separately, making their color able to vary. As to why? Our ancestors used body hair and facial hair to sense their env... | [
"As best as I know, different areas of hair growth have many different properties. Not just speed but in some cases color. I have a beard and while most of it is black a little bit on each side of my chin is orange. Some parts grow faster and its just coincidence that for you its neck thats faster. Joke answer, you... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
In the US, why do drugs that aren't addictive or highly-deadly (like birth control or blood pressure meds) still require a prescription? | [
"Because of what they are used for. Ibuprofen and other NSAIDs are for general pain relief and fever reduction. They are very general medicines. But blood pressure mess can be dangerous to people if they just use it because they think they may have a condition. It is all liability issues."
] | [
"APAP (acetaminiophen) kills pain in different ways than opiates & combining the two is far more effective than just taking the opiate alone. This means you can take a cocktail of the two and get better pain relief with lower cost/addiction potential. Another benefit - if you're concerned about law+order and preven... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why and how does our sense of touch sometimes register something cold as wet instead? | [
"Cold things often have water condensation on them (from the air) so they might just very well be wet."
] | [
"This is not an answer, but maybe a different way to ask the question: A smell is an experience that can be recorded by our brains. No different than the experience of looking at an image, or the sensation of feeling something with your fingers. So maybe a better question is, how do we remember things in general? H... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
What causes things to feel wet? | [
"Wetness is probably like color, meaning there is no objective color called blue. There is only our subjective experience of objective physical things. Wavelength is real, but on its own possesses no color. Our brains interpret that wavelength as what we call color. Similarly, our brains interpret the feeling of fl... | [
"Your brain is telling your body to get something off of itself."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why do cameras have a round lens to capture an image for a square/rectangular screen? | [
"lenses are round because it's easier to make them that way. It's a lot simpler to make a round lens and then \"square off\" the image than it would be to make a square lens and have the square image immediately. Also, a camera lens typically has many elements (separate, different, lenses) in order to establish ce... | [
"It's done with an axial adjustment inside the movie camera. If you shift the focal plane away from perpendicular to the axis of the lens, the scene is distorted in an effect called keystoning. It makes things like a rectangle look like a trapezoid. It turns out, this is the opposite of the effect you get by filmin... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Is drinking and 8% beer equivalent to drinking two 4% beers? | [
"Yes. At least, if you consume the same volume of drink. 12 oz of 8% beer is like drinking 24 oz of 4%."
] | [
"I would imagine it happens with spirits and not beer because of the alcohol content. Beer is averagely 4/5% whereas whiskey is around 40%."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How come when I rub my eyes hard, I start entering some galaxy of swirls and stars? | [
"You activate the vision cells of your eyes, so they bring random signals to the brain, normally caused by light. It is called Phosphene ."
] | [
"I think it's dangerous. I used to have mad insomnia. I had to take a pill to force me to pass out and fall asleep. I once didn't take it for 3 days. On the third night, I honestly had some crazy hallucinations. It looked like the chairs in the room were dripping sand, the books were made of snakes, the computer's ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Health and Physiology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and Physiology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do we say Mathematics, Chemistry and not Mathematology, Chemiology OR Psychology, Geology and not Psychics, Geologics? | [
"In the case of mathematics, it's etymological origins lie in the ancient Greek words \"Manthanein\" for learn, and \"Techne\" for something akin to \"craft\" - I believe. Effectively, mathcraft - you're handling it, manipulating it. Chemistry, I'd hypothesise comes from the word for \"Chemist\", denoting a chemis... | [
"Meta-Philosophy is philosophy about philosophy Meta-Films are films about films Meta-Cognition is cognition (thinking) about cognition (thinking) Meta-Threads are threads about threads"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
What are the legal constraints about letting child actors participate in R-rated scenes involving nude adults? | [
"The second one isn't sexual. France has some fairly lax laws (especially in the 70s-90s) so that wouldn't have even raised an eyebrow. \"PG13\" films had full nudity in them at the time. The first example is a little more difficult but I imagine they were never actually touching, other than kissing. There'd have b... | [
"The pornstars make an agreement of what they are/aren't OK with before they perform the deed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why Every Time I Consume Caffeine, I Always Get Sleepy? | [
"I have no source but a professor of mine said that in around ten percent of the population reacts to caffeine with drowsiness, the opposite reaction. I don't know how or why but my guess is you are in that 10 percent."
] | [
"Being Black Does Actually Have (Relatively Minor) Health Consequences, It's Just That They're Obviated By Modern Life. There's An Energy Cost To Have Extra Melanin, Even A Small One, So If You Don't Need It It Won't Be Selected For. Melanin Reduces Vitamin-D Uptake From The Sun If Sunlight Is Lower Than You're Ada... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
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