query
stringlengths 19
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|---|---|---|---|---|
Why does it seem as though as I grow older, time and life speeds up?
|
[
"Dude I am 30 and still raving like mad! Bring your self together!"
] |
[
"Can't tell if trolling...! Time does not pass any more swiftly - it ticks away as it ever did. But our perception of time only exists when we are awake and aware of time."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
}
|
Why are PC digital downloads cheaper than console digital downloads?
|
[
"Console downloads are a closed market. You have exactly one source for your downloads. PC digital downloads have competition, so there are more market forces at play."
] |
[
"Simply a convenience fee. Also, movie companies charge a lot more for digital rights, as more people will stream/download them than buy the physical copy, that's why Netflix's physical library is much larger than their digital library."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why can you stream from Netflix/Hulu/HBOGo with no problem, but your laptop heats up and the video lags if you try to watch from the AMC/CBS/NBC website?
|
[
"Netflix' player is based on HTML5, I can't say anything about the others. But I'm assuming that AMC, etc. have Flash-based players... and Flash has terrible performance when it comes to video decoding."
] |
[
"I have a cell phone, but no cable tv. Everything I want to watch is on Hulu, Netflix, or... shall we say *other*."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why do big game developers and publishers not listen to their community and continue making mistakes?
|
[
"Because they still make money regardless of how many mistakes they make. Despite all the disappointment with those games, they still sold millions of copies."
] |
[
"Several factors. #1, with these tight release schedules, the game gets released when marketing says so, not when the developers approve it. Also, and this is a big one, if people still buy the buggy games, there isn't much incentive to fix the bugs."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
}
|
Why is cyber-bullying such a problem? Can't people just step away from their computers?
|
[
"I imagine that for lots of people, social networking has become an integral part of their life. In fact, it is part of their social circle. I hang out with dudes over Teamspeak that I play games with. Sometimes we meet IRL and hang out, it is also great when you can drive to another country and have a place to sleep etc. So basically, someone is bullying you in your social circle, and it is not easy to step away from all that and the connections you have through it."
] |
[
"Maybe they're stereotyped as being more gullible or they're seen as more likely to be bored with nothing to do but look at their phones all day. Just a guess. Not meant to be offensive."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
}
|
Where do cranes come from?
|
[
"[A big crane is assembled using ground level, flexible length cranes that are mobile but can't carry as big a load as the main crane](_URL_0_)"
] |
[
"Because most people don't live where penguins live."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
}
|
Pornography censorship in Japan.
|
[
"It comes from an old Japanese law that came from the Meiji Era (1868-1912) where content \"injurious to public morals\" was forbidden. This law was influenced by Western Victorian morals. Over time the law was relaxed in other cultures but Japan was more conservative and kept the law around. The law was eventually reinterpreted to allow you to show breasts and pixelated genitals, but fully uncensored genitals is still illegal under the old law."
] |
[
"Advertising, selling info, and premium versions of the free stuff."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Technology:"
}
|
How does a computer keep track of the date/time while unplugged from power and the internet?
|
[
"Theres a flat battery on motherboards. You gotta change em like every 6 or 7 years."
] |
[
"Your phone only runs off of its battery. So there has to be sufficient charge on the battery for it to do anything. Your laptop only runs on battery when there's no AC power available. So the battery state doesn't matter when it's plugged in; it's operational immediately."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage about Technology:"
}
|
Why do neon signs have a buzzing noise to them?
|
[
"I think the most likely culprit is the transformer for the neon sign. The transformer takes the 120V or 240V 60Hz from the outlet and steps it up to several kV. The way it works is by running current through a coil of wire to create a magnetic field, and then converting that field back to a current in a secondary coil of wire with a different number of turns. The oscillating magnetic field can cause vibrations of any magnetic material in the vicinity (casing, core, etc)."
] |
[
"If it is an incandescent bulb (the kind you see in cartoons over a characters head when they get an idea) it is usually caused by a dimmer switch. The dimmer switch turns the bulb on and off very quickly and causes the filament to vibrate. That makes the hum. Turn the dimmer switch to full light or remove it entirely. If it is a fluorescent bulb, it is caused by the transformer on the bulb, or by dust or particles on the little prongs where the bulb plugs in. Make sure it is plugged in correctly and clean, and if that is not it you have a old magnetic transformer. Newer electric transformers are much quieter. TLDR: bad vibrations caused by dimmer switch, dust, or the light not being fully plugged in."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Electrical engineering:"
}
|
What is a "trigger" on Reddit, and is it a term used outside of Reddit?
|
[
"When some people undergo severe psychological trauma, like rape victims or soldiers, they're left with something called PTSD. Sometimes, things that remind them of the traumatic event can give them a panic attack or other unpleasant things. In some online communities, it's considered polite to warn people if you might be talking about sexual abuse/violence. On Reddit, it's almost always used in a way that's meant to be condescending or insulting to those communities. The implication is that the communities are too sensitive to offending people and label everything as a \"trigger\". They say it's a \"joke\". It really falls flat on that point - it's a no effort, content free bit of circlejerkery."
] |
[
"As a person who frequently visits \"the internet\", this is the first I've heard of this. What are your sources?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
}
|
How do non profit companies make money?
|
[
"This was explained a few days ago on reddit, so let me see if i can reguritate it. Non profit means the company isn't making profit. That still means they need qualified persons to fill their jobs. These people are paid, sometimes very competitively, to keep this organization afloat. What Non-Profit means is that the extra money that's not spent at the end of the fiscal year is invested into their cause, and not divided among the shareholders. So a profit organization would give dividends, but a non-profit would, for example, use the money to build another theatre/stage if the organization was helping the mute and deaf perform on stage. Just because they're non-profit doesn't mean they're a charity."
] |
[
"Sometimes its fraud. Other times its because: * It costs a lot of money to fundraise * Charity workers need to make money too. * You need top-level salaries to attract people to run big charities."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
}
|
What happens when you call into a talk radio station?
|
[
"You call the station and someone answers, they ask you what you're planning to say. If they decide your story is acceptable they will usually put you through to a point where you say your thing and it's recorded. The recording will then be played on-air and the hosts will talk about it. If it's a conversation type show you'll instead talk to the hosts and then the recording of that conversation will be played. I've only ever had a 'live' conversation happen once, and I was asked to turn my radio off because the slight delay between speaking and the broadcast would have made an echo. I assume they delay it a bit so they can bleep you if you swear. Either way it's not that bad. Go for it next time."
] |
[
"In the real world why would anyone want to be a politician?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why do most dish sets come with mugs instead of drinking glasses?
|
[
"Dishes are sold as a set so that the patterns all match. But they're mostly opaque while glasses are transparent or translucent. The glasses won't be able to match, so why bother selling them as a set? When you say mug, do you really mean cup? I haven't looked at dish sets recently, but I'd expect cups, not mugs. And cups are proper for serving coffee or tea at the dinner table. You generally wouldn't serve a hot beverage in a glass. So is the reason you don't see them being used because you're not used to ending dinner with a hot drink?"
] |
[
"Because those glass mugs are made of tempered glass that is designed to withstand the heat. Normal drinking glasses are not. Glass mugs are basically the same material as measuring cups or pyrex bakeware."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Language and culture:"
}
|
What's happening, physically, when a computer starts overheating and becomes laggy?
|
[
"Usually the CPU underclocking itself. In rare cases functions might fail or bits could change because the material wasnt designed to operate at those temperatures. When the CPU cant reduce the heat enough it will simply shut itself down."
] |
[
"This is assuming that your PC is properly maintained and cooled. Leaving it on at all times will wear out some parts faster, but in most PC's it's not fast enough to really matter. You'll probably end up upgrading parts or buying a new PC before it really matters. Some people leave their computers on all the time and a part wears out. Once they reboot it the computer won't come on because of the worn out part and they assume that shutting it down did damage. This happens a lot with servers."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
}
|
what exactly is a "resource based economy" and how would/could it work?
|
[
"A resource based economy is one that gets most of its wealth from natural resources, like oil, lumber, or mining. Let's say a small island nation with 100 people discovers a massive copper deposit. Up until that point, they had a few tourists per year, but generally had to sustain themselves. Suddenly, 90 people are working on mining the copper, which they sell to other countries, and can afford to buy food instead of farming. Every economy needs to have some money flowing in, because there is always money flowing out for things like medical supplies, clothing, taxes, and resources that can't be produced locally. Having natural resources to sell brings in the money the society needs, much like tourism or manufacturing."
] |
[
"A 'true' communist state (under the marxist definition) never has and never will exist. The states currently existing and that have existed that are commonly labeled communist countries are not actually communist. In layman's terms: in a true communist society, there IS NO government at all. Im on my phone so I can't type a more elaborate response at the moment but that's the gist of it."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
}
|
What are the beads in hand sanitizers, and why do they float?
|
[
"They're [microbeads:](_URL_0_) > Microbeads are plastic microspheres that are widely used in cosmetics as exfoliating agents and personal care products such as toothpaste, as well as biomedical and health science research, microscopy techniques, fluid visualization and fluid flow analysis, and process troubleshooting.[1] They are most frequently made of polyethylene but can be of other petrochemical plastics such as polypropylene and polystyrene.[2][3] They float because they are less dense than the liquid in which they are situated. They have been banned in the US under the Obama administration since 2015 because they fuck with the environment."
] |
[
"For: wash off pesticides, dirt. Against: why the hell would there be anything against washing your fruit."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why does it feel so good to scratch an itch?
|
[
"Insects cause itch. Insects are sometimes bad for you. Scratching removes said insects. It's an evolutionary thing, scratching removes irritants."
] |
[
"EIL5: Why can't I stop sitting with my legs crossed, even though it hurts my knees, and why does it hurt my knees?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
}
|
Why does the body need carbon dioxide?
|
[
"CO2 plays a vital role in maintaining the acid-base balance of your blood. The more CO2 in your blood, the more acidic it is. When you hyperventilate, you expel much of the CO2 in your blood, making it more alkaline. This is known as [respiratory alkalosis](_URL_0_). Respiratory alkalosis leads to light-headedness, tingling and loss of sensation in your extremities, muscle spasms and stiffness, and loss of consciousness. Once you lose consciousness, you should stop hyperventilating and your CO2 levels will return to normal. If there's some reason *other* than hyperventilation that you're losing blood CO2, though (example: you're at high altitude and have to breathe more to get more O2), it can eventually lead to death."
] |
[
"The equation of life is: sugar + oxygen = water + carbon dioxide + energy So most of this weight is lost as exhaled carbon dioxide and water."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
}
|
Why did the people of Toronto vote for Rob Ford?
|
[
"His base is primarily in the suburban areas which felt under-represented by past candidates. He has a man-of-the-people image that he has worked hard to cultivate, in truth he is from the wealthy elite. Ford would personally return his constituents calls, small town style. His buffoonery is genuine. Despite the media circus that he generates, very little is said of his actual work. Ford's civic record is decent."
] |
[
"What's a Tory, and why do so many people seem to hate them?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
}
|
easing yourself into hot/cold water to acclimate your body
|
[
"Brains are cool and are able to adapt to any constant/repetitive stimulus such that you no longer realize you percieve it. (clocks ticking, your own footsteps). This might be why you stop feeling it, since your vrain is like \"okay i get it, its hot. lets move on\""
] |
[
"Hot water causes vasodilatation which feed into two systems while in hot water - it helps to disappate heat but also, water warms up the blood in our body, raising core body temperature. After you get out of the hot water your body is not giving away all the heat you have accumulated at once, but body is disappating it at normal rate via physiological mechanisms, thus lower blood pressure after the bath for a bit of time."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
}
|
Where is all accepted scientific knowledge kept?
|
[
"There is no single gatekeeper, who decides what is and is not \"accepted scientific knowledge\". Nor is science like mathematics, where a proof can be self-evidently correct. It depends on evidence, which may be inaccurately or unreliably collected or interpreted. As such, scientific knowledge is provisional, based on evidence as it accumulates and is confirmed by repetition. One might draw up a vague scale of theories, from \"totally inconsistent with available evidence\" near the bottom to \"conjectural, without any evidence as yet\" in the middle, up to to \"well-confirmed, makes predictions that are borne out by repeated experiments under reliable circumstances\" near the top. But any given theory will have its adherents and detractors, who doubt or trust specific points of data as they relate to the theory. It's not a satisfying answer, but it's the truth."
] |
[
"There would be urine in the ocean. What kind of information are you looking to have explained?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
}
|
SSH clients ? What are they used for ? And how can I get started ?
|
[
"So you could just being up a terminal on a box you're sitting right next to, or you can ssh into that box from elsewhere and use a terminal as if you were sitting at that box. It's like remote desktop for a terminal. Also, you can do things like set up x-sessions through ssh. I guess it's like a secure remote desktop session."
] |
[
"They are probably meaning that you should set up an ssh tunnel to an external computer (such as a rented server space, or in principle your home computer), and route all your traffic through it. I don't know how to do this offhand, and to be honest nobody is likely to walk you through the process on ELI5, it's a technical task that needs you to involve yourself and understand what's going on. As a starting point, do you have two or more computers at home? Assuming so, a good way to begin would be to set up an ssh server on one of them then look up how to create a tunnel and use it for your web traffic. Neither task is difficult, they just need you to look up what to do and play with it. If you get that going, you can continue from there. Also, don't surf reddit all day at the office."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
How does a turning a faucet change the temperature of water
|
[
"There are two tubes running into your faucet. One straight from the mains, and the other from your water heater. When you open the faucet, the tap itself opens to allow water to flow out. When you turn the faucet, you are changing the amount of water coming through each of the pipes. All the way to the hot side opens only the hot water pipe and not the cold one. Same for the cold water side. In the middle should ideally be half and half, but since the water heater heats the water to uncomfortable temperatures, the middle generally allows more cold water so you don't burn yourself."
] |
[
"Has nothing to do with kitchen or bathroom, only depends on the distance the water has to travel from the heater to the output."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
if certain viruses need a living host to survive, why haven't they adapted to a point where they don't ultimately kill their host?
|
[
"Most viruses probably are benign or even beneficial to the host, but two things can happen: 1) A virus can jump species and have new effects on the new species it didn't on the prior one 2) As long as it stay alive long enough to spread again it won't die off. It's at an evolutionary disadvantage compared to an infection but benign virus, but that doesn't mean it'll get removed from the world immediately, it just means it might stay a smaller population or die off over many generations."
] |
[
"It uses your cells to produce more of itself, which then go on to infect others. They continue to exist because they do this well enough that not all of the viruses are wiped out by your body before spreading elsewhere. If you're asking \"what do they get\" in a sort of \"what are their goals\" sense, they don't have one. They simply continue to exist as a result of continuing to reproduce themselves."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title about Microbiology:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about Microbiology:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Medical:"
}
|
how muscles get stronger.
|
[
"Imagine a village that has a very valuable treasure in it and the villagers build a big wall around it to protect the treasure! Well lets say someone comes along and tears down the wall to get to the treasure. The villagers are really upset by this and after the wall is torn down they decide to build it back up even bigger than before to keep people out and away from their treasure! After all, the wall didn't do a good enough job the first time so they need a bigger, better wall to hopefully make it work the next time! Of course, the villagers need really great materials to make a really great wall but as long as they have those great materials they'll keep building the wall back a little bit bigger and better each time it gets torn down. After all, they have to protect that treasure! Now think of muscle growth that way except that the wall is your muscle, the tearing down is your weight training, the materials for the wall are your diet, and the villagers are your body."
] |
[
"Taking bkood from your body lowers your blood pressure, and triggers your bone marrow to start making more. Its more complicated than that.. But.."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why did the Allies attack the most fortified place in Europe at Normandy rather than landing the bulk of their armies on a less dangerous coastline?
|
[
"It wasn't the most fortified place in France at the time. That would be the Pas de Calais, the most obvious place to invade (you can see England from there). The point of allied deception operations was to convince the OKW that the landings in Normandy were actually a feint, and that the real push would come with General Patton landing a (completely fictitious) First US Army Group near Calais. A lot of effort went into this. Historians are sort of divided on how much the Germans actually bought it, but in any event the precious German armoured divisions stayed out of the fight long enough to allow a real beachhead to be established, and the rest is, as they say, history."
] |
[
"Marines would have been more successful at a beach landing, but there was only one beach landing on D-Day (more or less, if you group it together). After D-Day the Allied forces had to fight inland, which was more suited towards the Army. In the Pacific, the troops had to go \"Island Hopping.\" They would deploy from ships and land on the beaches, fight to the death over little scraps of sand for a few days, then board the ships again and move on to the next island. There were a lot more beach landings in the Pacific Theater than the European."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
}
|
What would the repercussions be IRL for someone who did what Jack Black did in "School of Rock"?
|
[
"Trespassing at school. And most likely a couple dozen counts of kid napping for taking them off campus."
] |
[
"It's not unheard of at all, it happens all the time. Ever see *The Lord of the Rings*? Elijah Wood, Viggo Mortensen, Sean Astin, Liv Tyler, Hugo Weaving (Australian) all playing vaguely British-sounding characters. How about Natalie Portman in *V For Vendetta*? RDJ in *Sherlock Holmes*? *Bridget Jones’ Diary*? The cast of *This Is Spinal Tap?* Johnny Depp in every other movie he's in?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
}
|
What is a pocket veto? Why is it legal?
|
[
"It's a legal maneuver. If congress passes a bill, the president has 10 days to decide to sign or veto. If he does nothing, then the bill automatically passes. However, if, during that 10 day period, congress adjourns, then if the president takes no action, the bill is automatically vetoed. This is the pocket veto. It's legal because the constitution says it's legal."
] |
[
"Why is election on weekdays instead of weekends?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why do banks offer interest? What’s in it for them?
|
[
"They get your money. Would you give money to a bank if you didn't get anything in return? The interest is a payment to you so you'll give them your money."
] |
[
"The rate of the central bank is going to be very different from the rates offered to individuals by commercial banks. The Federal Reserve (US) kept its interest rate in a range of 0% to 0.25% for years, but commercial rates for, say, mortgages was in the range of ~3-6% during that period. But yes, you've got the basic idea of how negative interest works. In such a situation, everything is flipped from what we're used to. A lender will pay you to borrow money, not the other way around. And it will cost you a small percentage to keep your money in the bank. That's how a negative interest rate encourages spending which will hopefully lead to economic growth."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
}
|
how does garbage always smell the same when it is composed of innumerable different smelly objects?
|
[
"Because it mostly only smells when there's rotting food waste in it and it is the same types of bacteria breaking it down and emitting the same types of by products that smell. You don't get that smell if it's just wood or paper or plastic or metal etc."
] |
[
"its feces, cocaine, sweat, body oils and a bunch of other stuff all mixed together."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why does combination of smoking cigarette and drinking alcohol gives an overwhelming feeling of drunk-ness?
|
[
"Because the nicotine gives you a headrush while the alcohol also similarily gives you that light headed euphoric feeling also then you now have nicotine and alcohol in your blood. Nicotine causes nausea and so does alcohol so you probably have a combined worsening nausea. But.. aww thats cute you still notice the feelings when you smoke. Those were the good days"
] |
[
"Alcohol although a depressant, spikes your blood sugar which gives you energy. Consuming nicotine reduces anxiety making it easier to fall asleep."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post about Health and lifestyle:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Health and lifestyle:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
}
|
What happens with the surplus energy of my bike dynamo?
|
[
"It is dissipated as heat. When an electric device fails to \"use\" more energy, generally it's because resistance is increasing -- often by design. Pumping more electricity through resistors causes them to turn it into heat, which then goes out into the atmosphere."
] |
[
"They sell it back by measuring the flow thru their electric meter, the electric company pays the market rate for the electricity you provide back."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
}
|
Why do children like to draw so much?
|
[
"I think everyone likes to draw. We have a natural-born desire to create and to express ourselves through visual art. Unfortunately many of us lose that desire due to laziness, lack of time, distractions, and/or discouragement from adults. Kids haven't experienced those pressures to the same degree yet. Personally, I think bringing drawing back into the curriculum would be one of the best things we could do to shape a positive society."
] |
[
"A follow-up question: Why do some people love that feeling while others detest it?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
}
|
Why do children's stomachs look bloated when they are malnourished?
|
[
"It's called kwashiorkor, and is caused by a protein deficiency. In normal conditions, we have proteins floating around in the blood, which causes fluid to be retained due to osmotic forces. However, this protein needs to be replenished. When it isn't, fluids will pool in the soft tissues of the body, and will cause the bloating effect in malnourished children."
] |
[
"Because you have so much mucus flowing into your stomach you feel full and don't produce the hormones that make you feel hungry."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Health and Wellness:"
}
|
Where does skin allergy come from?
|
[
"Allergy is a very complex proces even for specialist, but if explain it in general allergy is a defect of immune system when immune cells thinks that some safe substances are dangerous (like some food, pollen or animal fur) Immune cells are located almost everywhere in organism, also there a lot of them in skin, so if even allergen came thorough stomach or nose it still affect all the organism and make cells produce inflammatory markers which couse high temperature, swollen, redness and itching. Since skin is visible to us we can see consequences of allergy there. Also there are some autoimmune diseases that aren't connected to special allergen, just immune system goes crazy and start local inflammation with no reason (dermatosis, eczema and others)"
] |
[
"They're usually caused by a virus or infection. Takes some time for your body to fight it off."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
}
|
How do pilots know ahead of time when turbulance is going to occur?
|
[
"Meteorological information can be used to predict turbulence with reasonable precision. Also, aircraft will report when encountering turbulence and air traffic control will relay that to other aircraft in the area."
] |
[
"A pothole in an airport Runway would have catastrophic results for a plane that strikes it while Landing. The runways are regularly checked year-round to make sure that there are no obstructions or surface damage that could potentially impact a plane as it takes off or lands"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
}
|
Why medical establishments can charge outrageously high prices for their services, when the identical procedure can be done somewhere else for a fraction of the price? On the same note, how is it even legal for them to hide the price until they give you the bill?
|
[
"> Can someone please explain to me what in the hell is going on here? What is going on is that the American healthcare system is a sad joke."
] |
[
"Hospitals overcharge insurance companies because most people don't directly deal with the cost of medical treatment in the United States. This is part of the reason why the United States healthcare costs twice that of similarly developed countries yet delivers similar or worse results. If you did not have insurance you would pay full price provided you had that amount of money. If you did not, you would likely declare medical bankruptcy and the hospital would likely just take whatever it can get from you. Whole departments exist in hospitals to deal with situations like this."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why do Lithium Ion batteries lose their ability to maintain charge after many cycles of charging?
|
[
"It is due to several things. The most important is physical. During charging/discharging lithium atoms move from one electrode to the other. The lithium goes into tiny pores in a sponge like electrode, but when this happens the sponge swells up. Repeated swelling and shrinking eventually causes cracking and fractures in the electrode, degrading it. The other main effect is chemical reaction in the electrolyte. During charging, tiny amounts of electrolyte material undergo unwanted chemical reactions with the electrode chemicals. Eventually the electrolyte gets polluted with all the byproducts of these reactions degrading it."
] |
[
"Only for old, NiCd batteries, otherwise they can develop the \"memory effect\" and wind up with less capacity. For anything newer you do not want to fully discharge the battery as it can damage the cell. For new Li-Ion batteries you ideally want to keep it at around 80% charge as much as possible."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why is the burden of proof on the defendant instead of the accuser in the case of patent trolls?
|
[
"You're a little mistaken on the burden of proof. Because it's a civil case the burden of proof is more balanced than in a criminal case but that doesn't mean the defendant is \"guilty until proven innocent\" it just means they have to present a case that is more likely to be true than the accuser. If you think of it in % terms, in a civil case you have to prove that there is a 51% chance that you're right, whether you're the accuser or the defendant. The difference is, in criminal cases you only need to prove that there is a 1% chance you're right as the defendant (obviously I'm oversimplifying)."
] |
[
"The notion of Innocent until proven guilty isn't a principle that prevents you from being detained (that right is addressed by the constitution) rather it is a concept of \"Burden of Proof\". Innocent until proven guilty is a term that simplifies the concept of presumption of innocence. When charged with a crime, the burden of proof falls with those that have accused you of the crime, and they must prove beyond a reasonable doubt that you are guilty of said crime. Otherwise you in the eye of the law are assumed to be innocent."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Law and Criminal Justice:"
}
|
Why do unplugging things and plugging them back in cause them to start working again?
|
[
"Basically software can have small errors in it. Or hardware can occasionally error. One common problem is memory leaks. But basically the longer something runs the more likely it will have minor errors. The longer it runs the more those errors accumulate. So turning it off, and turning it back on resets the system and will usually clear out any accumulated errors."
] |
[
"Many computers do momentarily power off when restarting. However the capacitors on the motherboard have not been lacking power for long enough to completely discharge their power and so can still hold some things in memory. Sort of like when you unplug a power adapter from the wall but the little light on the brick stays lit for a few seconds. Those capacitors store power much like batteries do. That's why sometimes a restart won't fix a problem where a full power off and power on will."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why do some people say, 'on accident,' and others say, 'by accident'?
|
[
"Someone said \"on accident\" by accident, never owned up to the mistake and it caught on"
] |
[
"For to/too, I say that if you're talking about someone doing a similar thing, it's too, and if you're talking about a destination/journey it's to. e.g. 'I'm going to the shops.' 'Me too.' For effect/affect, I use RAVEN (Remember, affect verb, effect noun). For who/whom, if you can replace it with 'he' or 'she' it's who. Replacing 'him' or 'her' would be whom. Hope this helps! :)"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
}
|
Static vs dynamic IP address, and how an IP address differs from a Mac address
|
[
"Mac address is an identifying number hard coded onto the hardware by the manufacturer. Dynamic addresses are IP addresses automatically assigned and re-assigned by a DHCP server. Static addresses are IP addresses assigned by the person installing the system in the IP configuration options and do not change unless some one changes them."
] |
[
"A 169.254.x.x is an APIPA IP address. This generally occurs because there was a breakdown in communication/response with a DHCP server. The usual fix is to correct any network configuration issues to ensure access to DHCP server or correct any DHCP server configuration issues. Quick and basic things to check on the network: ensure an IP-Helper command is available on all needed subnets that do not have a DHCP server on them. Make sure the default gateway can contact the DHCP server. Quick and basic things to check on the DHCP server: make sure the service is running and you have enough available IP addresses to be assigned. If this is a home network, make sure you have enough available IP addresses in your pool. If you have too much wireless congestion interfering with the DHCP process you can try a different channel."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
if diseases like hiv are blood/vector borne, why don't humans and animals in western society contract it, via mosquitoes from one person to the next?
|
[
"Mosquitos (and other insects) have two tubes they pierce you with - one for injecting saliva, and another for withdrawing blood. It's basically a one-way system - fluid goes out of the insect through the saliva tube, and in through the blood tube. This means that any viruses sucked up through the blood tube won't directly get injected into another person, because nothing comes out of that tube and goes into another person. The way mosquitos pass on diseases such as malaria is because malaria reproduces inside the mosquito - thus it also gets into the saliva tube. HIV doesn't do this. Because HIV doesn't get into the saliva tube, you would only receive a tiny, tiny amount if bitten after an HIV-carrier. HIV needs quite a high dose to infect someone, which is another reason why you won't get infect by mosquitos. If you did happen to get bitten just after an HIV-carrier, you'd receive about one ten-millionth of the dose needed to actually infect you."
] |
[
"originally they were just some other disease. they mutated into something which was able to be more effectively spread and live longer by mutating in such a way as to transmit via intercourse, rather than some other method, (ex via ingestion.) now they are pretty much exclusively spread via intercourse. they don't just suddenly appear in otherwise healthy people."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Can someone explain why Jesus is often one in the same as God, and why do people pray to both?
|
[
"Christian doctrine describes [The Trinity](_URL_0_): - The Father - The Son - The Holy Spirit (or Holy Ghost) They are separate but one. While Jesus was distinct Jesus was, in their theology, literally God on Earth. So, praying to Jesus is the same as praying to God. They are the same entity. If this leads you to wonder about some other questions I am not surprised. Thinking the ramifications of that through leads to some...interesting...conclusions but I guess that is another topic."
] |
[
"From a Christian: Yes, our gods come from the same cultural origin (Abraham). What differs is out ideas of His manifestation. Christians believe in a personal God who sent his own son in human form, etc, you've heard the story. Islam and Judaism disregards Jesus as the son of God. Islam regards him as a prophet lesser than Mohammed, and say that Mohammed's writings are the ones that trump all others. So basically, yes, but we disagree about what they say and do"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
}
|
Why does your stomach 'drop' when your in an elevator?
|
[
"Because that's literally what happens. Your stomach has inertia, it wants to stay where it is. Your body suddenly starts moving up, it has to exert a force on your insides to get them to also move up. Same thing coming back down."
] |
[
"The butterflies sensation is caused by a lack of blood flow to your stomach. It is a result of adrenaline being released because you are nervous. Different people have different nervous reactions. I dont get butterflies, but my legs get shaky. Some people get sweaty palms. Everyone is a bit different in their response to adrenaline, and not everyone gets adrenaline from being around a romantic interest."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
}
|
What is ETH Ethereum cryptocurrency, why it has value and what are "smart contracts"?
|
[
"[This is a great explanation video](_URL_0_) from a programming point of view - explained in layman's' terms. It helped me to distinguish the difference between BTC and ETH."
] |
[
"Crypto is hot right now. An ICO is an initial coin offering. They allow you to buy some of the initial release of their country for a value they all but arbitrarily picked. Few are actually work the value they post. Most are worthless."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
}
|
A couple days ago, a 300 year old Stradivarius violin was stolen (and later found.) What would be the point of stealing something so famous that anyone who can afford the million-dollar price tag would recognize as a stolen item?
|
[
"Theft by contract. A millionaire decides that he wants something his money can't buy in a conventional way, so he pays someone to steal it for him. He doesn't care if people know that he has it or not; the satisfaction of possession alone is worth the price he pays to have it stolen."
] |
[
"The easiest way is to sell it. If the painting sells for $100, it's a $100 painting, but if it sells for $90 million, it's a $90 million painting. If actually selling the painting is impractical, there are alternatives. The value of most paintings actually has very little to do with the painting itself - even Picasso's cast offs are worth serious money. The value generally lies in provenance - who made the painting, and is the chain of ownership verifiable? If you have a painting that looks like it was made by a famous painter, but you can't prove that it was made by the famous painter, it won't be as valuable."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
}
|
Is drinking only carbonated water (no added sodium or anything in it) just as good as drinking regular water?
|
[
"it's marginally worse. your body has to spend other resources like calcium to fight he acidity."
] |
[
"Okay, there's a problem with the premise. There is a common misconception that we must drink a specific amount of water each day to meet a \"daily requirement\". Not true. So long as you are peeing regularly, you're getting enough water. And that water comes from all sources that contain it, including other beverages and foods. If there *were* a daily water quota (and is stress that there is NOT), the concern is typically the amount of sugars or stimulants in other beverages. Some can be beneficial - drinks like Gatorade or Powerade have electrolytes in them that can replenish lost salts due to sweating, in addition to sugars. Basically, your body lets you know if you need more water, and drinking pure water ensures you're not drinking calories as well."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Science:"
}
|
If home electronics in USA is working at 110V, why do we use 220V electric current in Europe. Isn't 110V more energy efficient?
|
[
"Higher voltages are generally more efficient because they reduce the current needed to deliver a required number of watts, and lower current means less power lost to heat in the wires. That's why pylons carry thousands of volts rather than 110V or 220V. On the other hand, lower voltages are safer because a smaller current will pass through your body if you get a shock."
] |
[
"Current can be changed using step up or step down transformers. V2/V1 = I1/I2 So in your case, V1 is 120 V and I1 is 20A, V2 is ? and I2 is 90A... V2 = I1V1/I2 = 20 * 120 / 90 = 26.67 V All sorts of consumer electronics use transformers. Most of the things you have that run off of mains power actually have transformers on them, to deliver the current or potential that the device needs."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
why do people say that we are violating the constitutional rights of illegal immigrants? Don't the constitutional rights only apply to U.S. citizens??
|
[
"Often described as a \"living document,\" the Constitution has repeatedly been interpreted by the U.S. Supreme Court, federal appeals courts and Congress in order to address the ever-changing needs and demands of the people. While many argue that \"We the People of the United States,\" refers only to legal citizens, the Supreme Court has consistently disagreed. Edit: far back as 1896, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that: * “The Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution is not confined to the protection of citizens. It says: ’Nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty or property without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the law.’ These provisions are universal in their application to all persons within the territorial jurisdiction, without regard to any differences of race, of color, or nationality; and the equal protection of the laws is a pledge of the protection of equal laws.”*"
] |
[
"The 10th amendment says \"if it's not in the Constitution, the states are in charge\". The 14th Amendment says \"No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States\" and the Supreme Court ruled that refusing to issue marriage licenses to gay couples infringes on their Constitutional rights. Therefore the 10th amendment doesn't come into play at all."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
}
|
Can someone explain the physical pain I experience when I accompany my wife on a long shopping day? It's different from normal headaches but I wonder why. And IT'S REAL! (Does anyone get this?)
|
[
"I wonder of its exposure to certain fluorescent lights. I get that, too. Not every florescent light does it. I'm not really willing to do the trial and error to figure it out. :) I would have never realized it was the lights if I hadn't known others with the same problem. Anecdotal story time: I was taking an evening class for funsies, a few weeks in they changed the lighting in the room, the first class with new lights, the gentleman teaching got a crazy headache, the sweats, went pale, and passed out. He thought he was getting sick, let us out early, no big deal. It kept happening to him in that room. Finally he asked them to use some floor lamps instead of the new fluorescent lights in the ceiling, and he was fine. I had no idea it was a thing before that."
] |
[
"I get these too. Anyone saying that this could be some underlying condition just doesn't properly understand. For me, it's not like it's associated with anything in particular. I can't say that the pain is my muscle or my bone. It just hurts really bad for a couple of seconds and then it's gone, just like you described. I've been getting this for as long as I can remember. I am glad that I am not the only who gets them!"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
}
|
Nasa want to send a wind-powered robot to Jupiter. How does this work when there's no wind in space?
|
[
"There's no wind in space, but there's wind in Jupiter's atmosphere, just like there's wind here on Earth. The probe will reach Jupiter the same way that other probes have been sent to planets before."
] |
[
"Venus's surface temperature is 800 degrees, the atmosphere is beyond toxic, and it rains metal. We're not going there any time soon. Same goes for Mercury, too hot. Mars itself is a six month trip away, a trip to Jupiter would take years, same with Saturn or any of its moons. It took Voyager nearly 40 years just to get out of the solar system. Anywhere further than Mars you're looking at like a 10-year-long mission, at a minimum. We're not ready for that, not even close."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
}
|
The feeling in my throat when im holding back tears
|
[
"When you're about to cry, your brain detects that your body is under stress. It automatically sends signals out into your nervous system, including one to **increase air intake**. The opening in your throat that leads down to your lungs gets wider, to accommodate deeper breathing and so on. The shaking feeling is possibly down to your swallowing muscles spasming against the opening muscles."
] |
[
"Because you have tears in your eyes and it's first passing through them to get to your eyes."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
}
|
how can animated shows, like the simpsons, be cranked out episode after episode so fast?
|
[
"They're all being worked on simultaneously. This way, every episode is in the same stage of production at the same time which greatly cuts down the amount of chaos and time spent in total. How do you think shows that are Netflix originals can release all the episodes at once? It's kind of the same thing but on TV, they spread the episodes out weekly. I understand why they use to do it but now I feel like a week is too long to wait inbetween episodes. I guess that's why traditional TV is failing...."
] |
[
"This is my opinion, not sure if it is shared with others. Simpsons used to have good plots. Even without the jokes, the plot made it interesting. The jokes, they were often witty and always fresh. Celebrities made appearances once in a while and it enhanced the experience. After season 12 or so, the writers just got tired it seemed. The jokes have all been done. Now the writers were relying mostly on slapstick. They were also changing the personalities and histories of time-tested characters we've gotten to know to fit each episode. Then the episodes began to revolve around celebrities. It seemed they were round-peg-into-square-holing-celebrity roles with just terrible terrible voice acting. I don't believe people have changed, because to this day I watch Simpsons episodes every night before I sleep. I still find seasons 3-12 hilarious, but don't find much appeal in subsequent seasons. Try it for yourself, piratebay season 6 or so and compare it to season 18. You'll see."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
}
|
Why is there such a huge gender gap among Wikipedia editors?
|
[
"I had no idea this was true. It suggests a problematic bias in Wikipedia."
] |
[
"The article addresses gender, but I don't see where it addresses race at all. That's a bit surprising, considering the ongoing effective segregation in the US education system."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Sociology:"
}
|
The proper technique for caring for your teeth.
|
[
"> However, it seems like whenever I go to the dentist there's problem x with my gums. What is the proper technique for caring for your teeth so that I can ace every dentist visit? Next time you go for a cleaning, the last thing they usually do is floss you. At this time ask the technician which areas of your teeth are the most troublesome spots and pay attention to how *they* floss those areas. Everyone has a spot or two more prone to plaque buildup, and knowing where those spots are means you can pay special attention to them. Often something as simple as the angle of the floss can make all the difference."
] |
[
"Because you have a significant amount of iron in your blood."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
The legality of marijuana in US states.
|
[
"The federal constitution clearly states that states cannot override federal law. States can be more restrictive, but cannot allow something the federal government says is illegal. The decriminalization of marijuana by the states is illegal. The federal government has marched their forces in to arrest and shut down operations, but so far on a very small scale. Public opinion is clearly in favor of decriminalization and limiting resources spent on the \"war on drugs\". States are slowly telling the federal government to fuck off, illegally decriminalizing, and not wasting resources on john doe pot smoker. It's a protest. The federal government lacks the resources to enforce the law no one but the lobbyists want. Yep. Our federal government is so fucked that nearly equally fucked state governments are protesting."
] |
[
"It is depending on who you ask, and that's why it's completely legal in some jurisdictions."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Law and Politics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Law and Politics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
when someone has a higher alcohol tolerance than someone else, what’s the difference on a molecular level?
|
[
"There's these tiny little molecules in your body that break alcohol down into not-alcohol (alcohol dehydrogenase). some people have more of these little worker buddies than others. A lot of it is genetic. Old people have less."
] |
[
"Heart beat speed is a common factor, faster heart beat tends to equal shorter life expectancy while slower heart beats equal longer life expectancy. I read this once so take with a grain of salt."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about biology:"
}
|
How is it possible for Cam Newton to pay a 198.8% tax rate, as claimed by Forbes?
|
[
"He's not paying all of those taxes on his Super Bowl winnings. He's paying taxes on his normal salary too. And his normal salary is about $20 million a year, so even a small fraction of that is more than what winning the Super Bowl pays. The article's point is that, if he *weren't* playing in the Super Bowl in California, he wouldn't have to pay California state taxes."
] |
[
"Someone is willing to pay $50,000 for it."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
}
|
The difference between the processor and memory of a computer?
|
[
"**Like you're 5**: Processor - does the sums. Memory - is the paper on which the sums are written."
] |
[
"Because it has a smaller percentage of the initial total market compared to IE in windows."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Climate change, how is the earth warming, and making some parts colder at the same time?
|
[
"Climate change can, among other things, alter prevailing trends in global wind currents. For instance, some studies in Europe have suggested that the loss of sea ice could contribute to a phenomenon where artic air currents predominate more steadfastly over Northern Europe than they do now. So even though the Earth as a whole is getting warmer, the immediate consequence for Britain, for instance, is that they'd be getting 'slightly warmer arctic air' which is still a heck of a lot colder than the 'slightly warmer temperate air' they currently get."
] |
[
"higher CO2 will lead to increased temperatures, among other problems. This will lead to may issues including melting of ice caps and ocean levels rising. This is the whole basis behind concerns about climate change, if you're unaware of the current terminology."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
How come the British colonization of Ireland was able to spread the English language but not religion?
|
[
"It did spread religion. England was originally Catholic, and they spread that Catholicism to Ireland. Then, during the rule of Henry the 8th, England split from the Catholic church, so that Henry could get divorced and remarried. That's how you get the Church of England."
] |
[
"For one thing, the American revolution happened relatively early on in the history of the British Empire, so American culture has had more time to diverge from British culture. Where as Canada had continued British influence, even to the present day to some extent. Other colonies such as Australia and New Zealand didn't even exist at the time of the American revolution. I assume you are only really talking about places which were settled by large numbers of British people. India is a former British colony, but obviously very different as the vast majority of the population are natives."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
why does a coke machine sometimes give me 2 cans instead of one?
|
[
"It's just a basic cost-risk trade-off. A more accurate machine costs more money than a less accurate machine. Soda is cheap, so giving one out for free every once in a while is less costly than buying the expensive machine. That being said, If you are regularly getting 20 cokes from the machine it is likely in a state of disrepair."
] |
[
"If you really wanted cola and orange you would buy both. If manufacturers mixed the packs people may only buy one 6 pack of mixed instead of 2 packs of 6. This would lead to people buying and drinking less soda which the big corporations couldn't allow."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
}
|
How do UV lamps dry nail polish?
|
[
"There are groups of materials that react in a specific way to certain circumstances. Sometimes it's water, sometimes it's air, sometimes its light etc. It's mostly related to the way the material is built, internal structure, how particles are arranged and connected. In this case, there is a substance called photoinitiator added to the gel. Photoinitiators react when exposed to certain wavelengths of UV lights. This means that when just a right type of light come in, it fiddles with particles inside the materials and forces them to throw out a part of them called electrons(or putting it more simply just emiting a certain type of energy). When those electrons are thrown out, they start to react with actual gel, causing what is called a polymerization rection. Thanks to that additional energy, the molecules(the very small parts in the material) start to form chains. So instead of just floating around, molecules start to connect together in large groups, which makes the material solid instead of liquid."
] |
[
"Why not just paint it with clear nail polish?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
}
|
Why if our body temperature is 98.6* do we sweat and feel hot if it is 90* outside?
|
[
"Your body is constantly producing heat, but it needs to stay at around 98.6* (or whatever your default temperature is! Mine's 97.9*!) to maintain homeostasis. That means that everything is most likely to function as intended at that temperature. The hotter your environment, the harder it is for your body to shed that excess heat. Cold air pulls it away from you like it pulls the heat from your hot cocoa. However, as the heat difference between your body and the environment decreases, your heat leaves you in a manner that's less... urgent. Think of that mug of cocoa sitting out in the summer sun. So, your body starts working to cool itself before it totally overheats. This might help: _URL_0_"
] |
[
"98.6 degrees F is the human average. Indeed, 99 degrees is usually considered the beginning of a fever and anything over 100 degrees is certainly a fever. This of course varies from person to person so it cannot be applied to every human. Much lower than 98.6 degrees and you're prolly dead, right 💁♂️"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
}
|
The difference between 4WD HI and 4WD LO.
|
[
"4 Low is a lower gear set, for when you need more power. You're using a gear set that moves more pulling power to the tires, in exchange for extremely limited speed. 4 high is a higher gear set, for when you want power to all 4 tires, but don't want to be as limited in your speed. It's the 4WD equivalent of first and second gear vs drive or higher gears."
] |
[
"FWD Front wheel drive RWD Rear wheel drive. 4WD 4 wheel drive usually has a switch that activates the two front wheels. AWD symetrical all wheel drive all the time."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
If there isn't such thing as a sugar high, then what causes you to act hyper after eating candy or drinking a can of coke?
|
[
"[Peer pressure and placebo, mostly.](_URL_0_) Similar experiment involving non-alcoholic beer produced \"tipsy\" people even though the drinks contained absolutely no alcohol. Look at people who drink vitamin water/fruit juices which contain almost as much sugar yet don't act hyper since they believe they aren't drinking sugar."
] |
[
"Almost everything will make *someone* nauseous, or vomit. Will that be you? Probably not, but there's a chance. I myself can't have too much caffeine or it makes me feel nauseous. Other people, my parents for example, drink Starbucks or energy drinks like water. Instead of water, would probably be more appropriate."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
}
|
Why do computers, as they get older, slow down even if there are no viruses/spyware on them?
|
[
"As time goes on, software is written to take advantage of the fact that newer computers have more processing power. That is, computers get faster, so software adds more features because they're now feasible with the additional processing power. But if your computer continues to be the same speed, the perceived speed of the updated software is slower, since it's trying to do more. (This is not to imply that the other answers are wrong. It's just an element of why computers seem to get slower.)"
] |
[
"Computers have two types of memory. RAM is like short term memory which is very fast, but everything in RAM is deleted when the computer shuts down. The hard drive is slower, but holds a lot more and will not be deleted on shutdown. Whatever programs you have running store most of their data in RAM. If that data gets messed up somehow, restarting the computer will erase all the RAM, giving all the programs a \"clean slate\" and often the problem will go away."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why do movie studios disclose everything about their movies' budgets and revenue but game studios don't do the same for their games?
|
[
"Movie studios generally don't disclose everything about their budgets. The stuff you see is just a publicly releasable number regarding an approximation of the production cost of the movie. Thats just one aspect of the overall process, and its a fundamental part of the movie processes, so its often a pretty well known number, its not secret. Now, the rest of the money involved in making the movie, marketing it, distributing it, paying people out, all of that... well, you *never* see that publicly, ever. Game studios are unrelated. Movies are unique beasts. Asking why a game studio doesn't do this is like why asking the grocery store how much it costs to sell you milk."
] |
[
"One factor is that film producers take on bigger risks and are therefore more cautious. It's no trouble for NBC to try out a bunch of different show ideas - If a show doesn't make money, they cancel it and cut their losses. Feature films are a much bigger investment, and if they don't make money, there's not much you can do about it after the fact, so film producers have a stronger incentive to fall back on tried-and-true pitches (established franchises, sequels, remakes) in order to reduce risk."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
}
|
How does Hand Sanitizer work, and how effective is it?
|
[
"The active ingredient in most hand sanitizers is is isopropyl alcohol, which works by disrupting the lipid structure in cell membranes. It's also quite effective against common viruses since they are usually enveloped in a phospholipid shell as well. It's [quite effective](_URL_0_) with some caveats."
] |
[
"Keeping our eyes moist is a lot easier this way."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Biology:"
}
|
Why do phones need SIM cards? Do they actually allow connection or are they just data storages?
|
[
"Well 'need' is a strong word. Technically they don't need one, and they can make a 911/999/112 call just fine without one if they're in range of a tower. Your carrier requires it because it's a means of authentication. It's reasonably secure for use as an identification. The SIM is how the network knows your phone from the others, and how it knows to bill your account for the usage. They could move to other means of doing the same thing, but I don't really see the point. It's really convenient for some people that you can just take one SIM out and put in another at-will. People that are regularly in different countries could just keep an account open with two carriers and swap their SIM to use the account for their current country for example."
] |
[
"SIM cards on their own cannot be tracked but once inserted in a phone it can be tracked through the SIM's serial number and the phone's IMEI number. These details are automatically sent to the nearest network tower. GSM phones can be located using the signal information pretty accurately without even GPS. Each phone has a unique IMEI number so you'll have to use new phone for each SIM for complete anonymity. To answer the second part of your question- it is very hard to get complete anonymity online though using VPN's or the Tor browser help you in that to a large extent. Please ask if you need any further clarification"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
}
|
why planets rotate on a flat plain?
|
[
"The solar system was developed from a cloud of gas. That cloud of gas condensed and started to spin for whatever reason (gravimetrics are very interesting.) The condensing and spinning flattened out the cloud. The center became the sun, and the remainder of the cloud that wasn't taken into the sun became the 8 major planets of the solar system, all in the same plane that the original gas cloud condensed and spun into. Now, interestingly enough, Uranus, the 7th planet, is tilted almost 90 degrees to the plane of it's orbit. It sort of 'rolls' around the solar system, instead of spinning like a top. This is due to some event in it's history. It is suspected some sort of collision, but we really don't actually know. We can only theorize. It still orbits similar to the other 7 planets."
] |
[
"there is no example of a perfect circle anywhere on earth, let alone around its circumference."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why is Indonesia's lung cancer rate so low (58th) despite the incredibly high smoking rate there (80.2% of males)
|
[
"The average life expectancy in Indonesia is about 70 to 71 years, according to Google. Also, according to google, the average age of diagnosing Cancer is about 70. Also, 2 out of 3 People that are diagnosed with lung cancer are above 65 years old, according to google. People in Indonesia just die earlier, before they get lung cancer. Edit: As many people said, they don't die before they get lung cancer, they die before they are diagnosed with lung cancer, a bad wording on my part. Of course there are many factors that come into play, like the actual rate of diagnosing lung cancer. But much of it simply comes down to the age of death."
] |
[
"There's [virtually no difference](_URL_0_) in cigarette consumption between the US and Germany (1028 vs. 1045 per year per capita). Maybe it's just more visible to you because of where you're spending most of your time in both countries."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why are electric cars and hybrids, which have more powerful motors, quieter than power drills and blenders?
|
[
"The power tools and such might be using brushed motors which are notoriously louder than the brushless design I would imagine a serious car would use."
] |
[
"Tesla car engines have precisely zero in common with conventional car engines. They are electric motors - similar to the motor that makes your washing machine go round, only much, much more powerful. And most of the space that is normally taken up by an engine is actually taken up by the batteries in electric cars. Other parts of the car - brakes, suspension, steering, etc, is no different to a normal car though."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
}
|
For this year's U.S. election, why are some states considered "battleground" states?
|
[
"Others have talked about how many states are either strongly republican or strongly democratic, making the few that could go either way more important. But what's alluded to but understated is the significance of the \"winner take all\" approach that applies to all but two states. If a state is likely to be 60% democratic and 40% republican, and there's little or no chance to change that to 50/50, then that means the 60% democrats will result in 100% of the electoral votes going to the democratic candidate. There's simply no value in the republicans investing time or money there if it's clear that the best they'll be able to do might be 45% of the vote. And likewise for a state that's 60% republican. Thus they put the most effort into the state's that are close to 50/50."
] |
[
"Having a national popular vote would force candidates to try to court voters in all states, not just swing states. In the last election cycle, something like 80% of money and 70% of trips were in just 15 states - including Florida, Ohio, Iowa, and other swing states. States like California, Texas, Massachusetts, and New York hardly got any, even though they make up close to a third of the population of the US. So the argument certainly goes the other way, too - why should a president ignore the voters in \"safe\" states (where the state result is known ahead of time) in favor of smaller states?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
}
|
Why do classic arcade machines have players look at the screen through a mirror rather than looking directly at the monitor?
|
[
"Those monitors were HUGE. If they had put them facing you, the back of the machine would have poked out really far, so they put them in the bottom, reversed the image (so everything wouldn't be backwards), aimed them up and have you look at the reflection. Basically, they did it to save space."
] |
[
"The term \"frontlit\" screen is somewhat of a misnomer....but I'll try to answer: Simply, a frontlit display is lit from in front of the display, as opposed to from behind. That sounds pretty straightforward, until you realize that the backlit screens on our phones and laptops and TVs display light by shining a bunch of LED lights directly into your eyes. It's beautiful, but the light coming directly at your eyes gets uncomfortable after a while. By directing the light at the display itself—instead of at your face—frontlit devices save your eyes from a lot of unnecessary strain. Think about it this way: Would you rather read a paragraph by shining a light at a piece of paper, or by having a spotlight shined at your face with cutouts of the letters blacking out the words you're supposed to read?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
How come prisoners in supermax prisons where they're not allowed to talk to anybody don't all go crazy?
|
[
"They do. It's a real issue, solitary confinement causes massive mental trauma on those inflicted by it."
] |
[
"It's not allowed... But say you're in prison and a gang rapes you. You tell on that gang. Where are they going to go? Another prison? No, they just get some privilege taken away... and now there you are... mere feet away from them. You think they're going to just leave you alone now because you might tell on them? So most rapes go unreported."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
}
|
What is adrenaline and why does it do what it does?
|
[
"I'll defer to Wikipedia for a good explanation of all the hormonal goodness of epinephrine/adrenaline: _URL_0_ But in terms of the average human not being able to flip cars for fun, think of your body just like any other machine, a car for instance. You can get great performance out of your car by driving it unsafely and pushing it past its design specifications. After a while, you'll see the engine start to break down after being revved too much. The fact that your body MAY be able to lift a car indicates the exact 100% physical capacity of that machine (just like trying to drag race in your Toyota Corolla). There are many mechanisms in your body that prevent your muscles from developing this maximum force in order to prevent your body from tearing itself apart. In true \"fight or flight\" situations, your body releases more of this reserve since the options are between ripping apart your joints (which gives you a chance at survival) or certain death."
] |
[
"A lot of nerves in your ear canal link to most of your body. Tickling them makes your blood pressure drop and thus leads to pleasure. At least that's what I read. Correct me if I'm wrong."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health and wellness:"
}
|
Why does putting salt on a slug kill it?
|
[
"> I'm comfortable with the idea of diffusion (by which I understand that, due to the continued random movement of particles, a given substance will spread out in a fluid until there is no concentration gradient in the container). This is the key to understanding osmosis, along with the idea that **water is no exception to this rule**. The salt ions will try to move from one side of the slug's skin to the other until they're evenly distributed ... but they can't, because the slug's skin doesn't allow salt to cross. But the skin doesn't block the movement of water molecules, and they behave just like the salt: they move from one side of the slug's skin to the other until they're equal in concentration. The salty slime on the skin has a *lower concentration* of water than the inside of the slug, so water moves outward to make the concentrations equal."
] |
[
"It will cause water to try and leave the bacterial cell. If the cell loses too much water too quickly, it will die. This is also why it hurts so damn bad to get salt in an open cut."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why do stars twinkle if the light we're seeing is from thousands of years ago and most things aren't big enough to block its light?
|
[
"Stars twinkle due to atmospheric interference. If you've ever seen \"heat waves\" shimmering above a road, you're seeing a similar principle at work. Gasses can cause interference with light passing through them. In the case of a twinkling star, you're seeing the atmosphere scattering the light as it passes through."
] |
[
"Light is made up of particles. Those particles have to travel quite some distance in order to reach us. Since we know how fast light travels we can deduct how far away the source is and how long it took that light to reach us. In fact, there are parts of space we can't see because the light particles simply haven't reached us yet."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title about astronomy:",
"pos": "Represent the document about astronomy:",
"neg": "Represent the document about astronomy:"
}
|
If person A saves person B's life through CPR but person B's rib gets broken during chest compressions, why is person B able to sue person A? Why doesn't the judge through the case out of court?
|
[
"Person B can sue, but the judge will always throw the case out. Except in rare circumstances where evidence proves beyond a reasonable doubt that there was gross negligence or malicious intent. Which, let's be honest, if someone wanted someone dead all they'd have to do is NOT perform cpr. Source:EMT"
] |
[
"Good Samaritan laws are special laws that protect someone who is responding to an emergency situation attempting to help. So doing something like breaking a window to rescue a child in a closed car, breaking someone's arm when you try to pull them out of a wreck, etc which technically involves criminal acts such as destruction of property or assault are non-prosecutable. China for the most part does not have these protections so a person or their family can sue you for any damages that may occur in your attempt to help."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
}
|
How are professional rugby players able to tolerate such physical punishment seemingly with little injury where as soccer, basketball and protected American football players seem to have devastating injuries quite frequently?
|
[
"As a rugby player I'll give my thoughts but they aren't science backed or anything. When you play rugby you learn how to take an impact without getting injured. You learn how to fall correctly and brace before you get hit. If you watch some \"big hit compilations\" on YouTube you will see that there is plenty of injuries, mostly stemming from the recipient of the tackle not being prepared to be tackled. football is similar but i think the injuries occur because the pads allow you to lose some of the fear of being hit, or hitting someone, at high speed. So the collisions are at a higher speed."
] |
[
"I don't understand your question. Professional fighting is a legitimate sport and the necessary precautions are taken so the fighters don't get seriously injured. Sometimes they do, but that's no different from other sports. In fact, fighting is a relatively safe sport. Basketball, soccer, ice hockey and football cause way way more injuries on average."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
}
|
Why do companies trap the back button? How can making it very difficult to get off a page be good for their site?
|
[
"without running such a site, I assume that these overtly obtrusive sites are only in it to make a dime once. They dont expect you to return (atleast not intentionally) but they will get as many page loads as they can while you are there."
] |
[
"Some do. However, instead of encouraging the users to disable adblock, it usually just guarantees that the user will never return to that site. That's not a winning solution."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
}
|
Why did Russia invade Ukraine?
|
[
"Ukraine had a pro-Russian president Viktor Yanukovych who sparked massive protests when he turned down a deal that would have brought Ukraine closer to the EU in favor of closer ties with Russia. After he fled the country, a new, more pro-Western government was elected that promptly signed that deal. Putin's regime, seeing Ukraine as a necessary buffer and viewing Ukraine not entering NATO and the EU as a vital national interest, launched a covert war of aggression in the East of the country (where there are lot's of Russian speakers and pro-Russian sentiment is higher) and engineering the annexation of Crimea. The goal was essentially to throw Ukraine into chaos and prevent it from being able to get its shit together and be able to join NATO or the EU. Putin has done this kind of thing in other places like Georgia and Moldova as well."
] |
[
"Most Likely the US and European Countries in NATO will conduct air raids on Syrian military and government positions like what happened in Libya."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
}
|
Our cell phones update our pictures and contacts to the cloud, why can't a planes black box do the same?
|
[
"Because it lost contact. The point of the black box is to store information *after* the plane loses contact. All of the pertinent information prior to losing contact is already transmitted."
] |
[
"It's where everything you own would be connected to the internet. For instance your fridge or your fruit bowl. Each device would behave differently and post data to the internet. For instance your fridge would relay its temperature and allow you to adjust it. Maybe your fruit bowl would send you a text when there's been nothing in it for a few days. That way you could theoretically control everything you own from anywhere in the world."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post about aviation:",
"pos": "Represent the document about aviation:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Public vs. Private Citizenship in America
|
[
"If you're talking about the sovereign citizen types, who claim that you aren't bound by tax or other laws, there **isn't** a way to do it, and trying it will get you fined or sent to jail when you break one of those laws they supposedly aren't bound by. It's a scam, pure and simple. Up here in Canada, they call themselves 'freemen on the land', but the claims are pretty much the same as in the US, and they tie the courts up with ridiculous litigation and paperwork here too. A judge in Alberta actually used a decision a couple of years ago [to write a hugely detailed explanation](_URL_0_) of how they work, what their arguments are, etc, in an effort to educate other judges in Canada and the US in how to deal with these...er...odd people (I'm trying to be charitable here). Anyway, the takeaway is that they are scammers, and should be ignored."
] |
[
"Next Week's Theme: 'Royalty, Nobility, and the Exercise of Power' To be followed by: \"Eastern Europe\""
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
Why do humans think other sentient beings would use radio signals to communicate with other intelligent life?
|
[
"Most of scientists who are looking for other species, accept that other species might use other methods of communication but since WE don't have access to those methods, radio is our best option. The scientists looking for radio waves aren't expecting all other life to use radio waves but they are hoping that if we stumbled upon radio as one of the best ways to transmit long distances, then it's logical to assume that someone else might have stumbled upon it as well. Additionally radio is a relatively low tech solutions so they are also hoping that, even if this imaginary race moved beyond radio waves to something else, they might recognize that others haven't advanced that far and still use radio to send a message. There's no denying that it could all be a waste of time though but until we are able to detect other signals that are capable of traveling hundreds of light years it's the best option we have to find other life."
] |
[
"When NASA talks about the SETI (search for extra-terrestrial intelligence) project, what they are talking about is detecting signs of life that has advanced far enough in terms of intelligence to be able to send signs of their existence (e.g. radiowaves) far enough into space for us to be able to detect them. As opposed to life we need to go out and find ourselves. At this point in our history though a single celled organism would be a **MASSIVE** discovery. We need to find life first, before arguing semantics over whether or not it counts as intelligent."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why are so many people dying building in Qatar?
|
[
"Largely because it is really really hot and while local regulations state that workers shouldn't work during the hottest hours of the day that has been forgotten regarding the workers from abroad. That combined with long hours and general hard labour is leading to lots of people dying of exhaustion."
] |
[
"If you think treatment of animals is bad in China, you have to seriously look at the treatment of people in The Republic Of China."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
What happens to our social media accounts when we die?
|
[
"I can't speak for the others, but Facebook actually has a feature where you can have your account 'memorialized' or permanently deactivated in the event of death. With a memorialized account you can link another account, friend, relative, whatever, and they're given some control of your account; they can't read your messages or delete anything you've already posted, but they can change your profile picture, respond to friend requests, and change your profile/cover photo."
] |
[
"When a company goes bankrupt, or is bought by another company, the promises they made to you often are no longer valid or honored. This is one of the concerns that people have about Facebook. What happens when something better comes along and Facebook becomes the next MySpace?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
}
|
Why doesn't taxidermied animals rot like other dead animals?
|
[
"A) Because the gut is removed, which contains the bacteria that cause the body to rot in the first place and B) because the skin is embalmed to prevent it from rotting."
] |
[
"Animals don't save their meat to be eaten later. You could eat a freshly-killed deer or something raw as well, provided it doesn't have parasites. But when you bring it home to eat later, bacteria start growing on it. You have to cook it to make it safe again."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
}
|
How do phones like the Nokia Lumia charge wirelessly?
|
[
"Not an expert, but I believe it's called induction charging. It's not new technology, electric toothbrushes (for example) have been using this for years. Rather than having to make a solid electrical contact (plugging it in), the charging base creates an electromagnetic field and you just have to place the battery into that field."
] |
[
"The original USB plug was made asymmetrical because the computer wouldn't understand the data if it was coming in backwards. The most recent version of USB fixes this, and there's a new cable (USB type-C) that can be plugged in either way. A number of devices are starting to use this new plug, like the current generation of Nexus phones (5X and 6P), the LG G5, and the Apple Macbook."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Electrical plugs and their design:"
}
|
Why aren't more electronics waterproof?
|
[
"It is significant extra expense and engineering challenge for something most users don't need. Most of your life is in a dry environment, why spend a lot of work so you can dunk your laptop in the tub?"
] |
[
"Why do some parts of the world call gasoline petrol?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
}
|
why is it more instinctual to hold our breaths while lifting something heavy, than it is to breath properly?
|
[
"when lifting an heavy object, your body needs to become rigid enough to lift such object. So you start tensing your muscles to create a strong enough structure capable to lift. Breathing involve the diaphragm to expand and retract the rib cage. in order to do so, the upper chest needs to be \"soft\" enough to allow the contraction and expansion. This goes against the \"rigid\" stance that is needed to lift the heavy object and this is why we stop breathing while lifting."
] |
[
"As far as I know, it has to do with the jolt of your right leg hitting the ground when you walk or run or work out. The jolt smacks into your diaphragm, which retaliates by cramping up. I think. With this in mind and with personal experience in mind, it helps to lean over a little and breathe deeply until it passes, then try to change your breathing patterns, trying to coordinate your exhale with your left foot hitting the ground, rather than the right. And I'm really sorry if this is completely wrong. It's just what I've read a couple of times."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title about Psychology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Psychology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
How can animals tell the difference between play and attacking?
|
[
"I think they learn each other's body language, like we did with dogs and like dogs did with us."
] |
[
"In college I was told that certain kinds of monkeys make similar sounding screeches to warn others in their group. Not sure if that's true."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
}
|
Why does it seem like all of Africa is politically unstable?
|
[
"Many African countries are quite stable, but there are a lot of African countries so the number of unstable ones in Africa can seem high. Much of Africa was also under colonial rule at some point until this century; as a result their borders got drawn somewhat arbitrarily, artificially dividing and grouping cultures and religions, and they had to create new governments after the colonial rulers pulled out. All that combined means that, in some sense, Africa today is politically in the spot where Europe was a few hundred years ago."
] |
[
"Have you been paying attention to the news at all this past year? FIFA is astonishingly corrupt."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
}
|
What happens--physiologically-speaking--when someone returning to riding a bicycle builds up immunity(?) to being saddle-sore?
|
[
"A few things. Just like you form calluses on your toes, heals, hands, etc. Your tissue also toughens in response to the added stress targeted in that area. Your sensory also becomes a bit dulled as use goes on just like you get used to wearing glasses for example."
] |
[
"There's a theory that the mechanoreceptors (pressure receptors) can overpower the nociceptors (pain receptors) in your skin. Hence the scientific fact that we all want someone to give kissy kissies our boo boos wah wahs."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about Biology:"
}
|
Facebook application request limit reached
|
[
"Welp, i was just directed here after a search, glad to know, this is more of a widespread issue. Hoping it'll get fixed"
] |
[
"This sums it up nicely for you. _URL_0_ It's basically to prevent view rigging."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
}
|
Why does a broken mirror show many tiny images instead of one image with lots of cracks?
|
[
"The glass is all pointing in slightly different directions, and so the light reflected off of each little surface is coming from a different place before being reflected to your eye."
] |
[
"Shine a flashlight through a toilet paper roll. Of course you can see the light clearly when you look directly into the roll. But when you look at it from the side, you can only see the illuminated inner side of the roll, not the light itself. So the light you now see is different, dimmer and probably a bit distorted. Your screen is very basically millions of tiny rolls next to each other. When you look at the screen directly, you see the light through the rolls. When you look at the screen from the side, you see only inner sides of the rolls."
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Physics:"
}
|
How do those gel heatpack work?
|
[
"They use a compound called sodium acetate - also sometimes known as 'hot ice'. It is a material that can easily be supercooled - taken well below it's melting point without solidifying again. When you click the disc on the handwarmer, this starts the gel crystallising/solidifying. At temperatures colder than 50-somethingºC it wants to be solid. As the bonds break and form to move from liquid to solid, they give off an excess of energy as heat (an exothermic process). When you boil the gel pack in water, the heat takes it back past its melting point to turn it from crystal back to liquid and the heat from the boiling is what provides that energy (endothermic process)."
] |
[
"Actually, ELI5, how the fuck are you relieving ear itches with your tongue?"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
How solar panels work
|
[
"2 layers of silicon crystals are laid on top of each other. One layer likes having extra electrons, the other layer likes giving up electrons. The sun's energy bounces electrons all over but in general they move towards the top layer causing a negative charge to build up and since it took those from the bottom, the bottom is positively charged. At that point its like a weak battery and just needs some metal leads to go to a motor our light or DC to AC inverter."
] |
[
"Solar cells, while the operating principle is simple, are very expensive and difficult to manufacture because of the ceramic materials required. (source: studying materials science and advanced functional materials at university.)"
] |
eli5_question_answer
|
{
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
}
|
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