query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
District of Columbia | [
"The reason the District exists is that Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution permits for the establishment of a \"...District (not exceeding ten miles square) as may, by cession of particular states, and the acceptance of Congress, become the seat of the government of the United States.\" The District is a fede... | [
"Only if the federal government let it. See: American Civil War"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do tail numbers on planes work? | [
"The numbers afterward are like a license plate. There's an FAA registry where you could look up owner information from a tail number. Normally control towers refer to planes by the portion that follows the N (so 220SG). Some controlers will further reduce that to the last few letters (if they're unique). They alw... | [
"Why do some parts of the world call gasoline petrol?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What is the process that will happen when the current queen dies? | [
"The rule is that the monarch is never dead, because the crown instantly passes to the heir. This is also why the British flag (the Royal Standard) is never flown half-mast, because that would imply the monarch is dead. _URL_0_! There will be an official coronation, but that's a formality. Same as if the President ... | [
"It leaves the decision up to the gods."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why do most Asian cultures value age and seniority so highly, yet most European cultures do not? | [
"I think it's partly because most Eastern Asian cultures have strong Confucianism roots which values filial piety. Just like you said, these values are prevalent in the language as well where we use specific honourifics depending on one's status and relationship."
] | [
"No need for all this ancient biblical stuff. In modern society, the reasons that Jewish people tend to be affluent, is because as a culture, they value education, and encourage children to study hard, get an education and go into professional careers, like medicine, law, business. They also frown on having kids o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
What are automation tools in the context of IT and software development? | [
"You can make a case for any scripting language as being an \"automation tool.\" They can be used to automate unit testing code, and can be further used to drive automation for larger test efforts. The exact tools you use will vary depending on what you're testing, and sometimes the environment as determined by you... | [
"Computer science is not graphic design. Computer science is not user experience design. Computer science is not even directly involved with the building of complex websites."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Does it require an elevator more energy to go "down" empty than to go "up" full? | [
"Depends on the sizing of the counterweight If the counterweight is sized to be *exactly* car weight + 50.0% of the rated load then it will take the same amount of energy to go down with 0.0% load as it takes to go up with 100.0% load If it's not perfectly sized, then which ever involves lifting more weight will re... | [
"Water needs to flow out and air needs to flow in. When the bottle is diagonal, both can happen at the same time. When it's vertical, they happen one after another."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
The hate towards MadCatz controllers. | [
"They're cheaper and lower quality than the official controllers in almost all cases, frequently being made with less comfortable shapes, cheap plastic, and less responsive controls. Mad Catz controllers kind of suck."
] | [
"Should point out that it is only a fan theory that SA is about prostitution."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do we use Hitler as the figurehead for WW2 atrocities when Stalin was arguably worse? | [
"Our relationship with Hitler was very simple, he was the enemy. Our relationship with Stalin was a bit more complex, we needed him as an ally in the war, even though we knew there were serious ideological differences and he would be our biggest opponent once the war was over. But we needed the USSR as an ally..."
... | [
"Other deadlier events? The Holocaust killed 12 million people in a very intentional and systematic manner. They weren't \"collateral damage\" or anything like that, their deaths weren't side effects of war, people were methodically rounded up, arrested and sent to extermination camps to be shot or gassed to death,... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is America so known for slavery and racial inequality, while England (from where America originally came), is not? | [
"One aspect is how it got resolved. In the UK it was \"Hmmm, slavery is bad. We shouldn't be able to own slaves.\" \"Yeah ok, lets stop owning slaves.\" America had a whole civil war over it. Another aspect is simply the ratios. Blacks make up about 3% of the uk, closer to 15% of the US. Even if there are similar ... | [
"Because many of the settlers that landed in what is now the USA were puritans and other forms of Christian. And while there were Jews, Muslims, Atheists, etc the overwhelming majority were Christian. Not to mention many of the laws in the USA being based around (what many feel are) Christian religious values, such... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How can we know that we're all not seeing colors differently? | [
"This question has haunted me for years, and Vsauce has done a video on it [here](_URL_0_). He does a great job explaining your question."
] | [
"You're not making contact with a different universe, you're simply coming closer to the one we all know and love!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Airbus A380 vertical takeoff | [
"Not vertical, it's an optical illusion based on the distance and angle. The A380 at minimum (no seats, fuel, ect) weighs ~600,000lb, and has maximum thrust of about 300,000lb. If it were to pull even close to vertical during a take-off run it would stall out within 20 seconds and they wouldn't have the altitude to... | [
"It is to a large degree a technology experiment. They decided to try a large number of new technologies on the same ship, and over time it will become apparent which are most valuable. For example: - Stealthy design - Boat launching bay - Rocket-based cannon system - High electric generating capacity"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is the issue of forged tweets not used to suspend/ban people from Twitter (i.e. Milo Yiannopoulos, latest high-profile case)? | [
"I'm confused about how this relates to Milo Yiannapoulos at all. That article certainly doesn't mention him, and as far as I know they didn't have an overly good reason for banning him in the first place. I do agree that Twitter should institute a policy regarding forged tweets and hacking, I imagine that the reas... | [
"Because they have a long track record of misrepresenting the truth and frequently spreading baseless (right-wing) conspiracy theories (climate change is a hoax, Obamas' birther stuff, gamergate, pizzagate), knowingly using fake or debunked sources (_URL_0_), and occasionally lying outright. It is propaganda more t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What prevents plants from growing beyond a certain height? | [
"A pant usually grows taller so it can outgrow all other plants and catch the most sunlight, which it needs. However, growing and keeping all those leaves healthy and hydrated costs a lot of energy, which is why a tree loses its leaves in winter, when it's not energy efficient to keep its leaves alive. Now, the tal... | [
"It shifts to a different part of the earth causing a high tide in that region."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
The Sandy Hook Conspiracy | [
"A profound abundance of fucking morons. Sorry, like you're five: lots of darn poopy headed morons."
] | [
"Check out Robert E. May's *Manifest Destiny's Underworld*."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do young people need more sleep? | [
"This is because young brains consume much more energy. An adult brain uses about 20% of the total energy of the body, mostly to support mental activity and cell repair. Children's brains however, are not only doing this but in addition their neurons are growing and moving at incredible rates, creating new pathway... | [
"Because children also have access to the internet."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
did alligators exist the same time as dinosaurs and if so what makes them different from them? | [
"Alligators first appeared ~37 million years ago. Dinosaurs went extinct ~66 million years ago, so no, they didn't exist at the same time - well, if you don't count birds as dinosaurs. Alligators are standard lizards with a sprawling gait - their thighs are held basically horizontal. Dinosaurs are all descended fro... | [
"The largest animal that has ever lived is a blue whale, which still exists. People killed most of the megafauna that would otherwise live in Asia, Europe, and the Americas. There were many, many small dinosaurs, reptiles, and mammals millions of years ago, but only the big charismatic ones are popular. My point is... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post about biology:"
} |
how did battles in the midieval times really go down? In the movies, it seems like they have endless energy, and they never have to make pewpies lot urinate. Do they take breaks to eat? Or do they just fight for hours/days/decades until one side is dead or just retreats. | [
"Mortality in medieval battles was actually low. Most of the battles were purposed to conquer a territory or a fortified village (castle). The war \"doctrine\" wasn't to obliterate the enemy forces, but mainly to conquer land. This could mean really long sieges, but it doesn't mean the armies were fighting all the ... | [
"Beseiging? That would've meant you were most likely working the saps. That mean digging holes, trenches and tunnels to undermine the walls. Sometimes the enemy would break through your mine and pump it full of sulphur. It smelled bad and it ruined your lungs. Sometimes you'll hit a pocket of dead air and you'll ju... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why doesnt the EU just drop Greece from the Euro? | [
"If that were to happen, people would lose confidence in the EU. It would appear to 'not work' and lose credibility. Further, a lot of people have invested in Greece. Other people have given loans to Greece. Other countries have given loans to Greece. Greece leaving would lead to a lot of people losing a lot of mo... | [
"Please help me understand why this vote is occurring in the first place? Why would the Scottish people want to separate from the UK?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Just how toxic to humans is plastic from a biological perspective? | [
"Plastics consist of a unit known as a monomer repeated in large chains to form a polymer. The structure of the monomer plays a very large role in giving different plastics their different properties. Plastics by themselves are typically quite inert substances, which is one reason why they're so useful. The biggest... | [
"Plutonium literally comes from the earth, too. Everything item we use comes from the earth. Some, however, are toxic. Plastic is made from petroleum, and petroleum isn't good for the environment."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What the difference is between race and ethnicity and why we differentiate between the two. | [
"\"Race\" indicates similarities in biological factors such as skin color, hair color, etc. \"Ethnicity\" indicates similarities in cultural factors such as nationality, language, familial heritage, etc."
] | [
"Hispanic/Latino heritage overlaps skin color, as there are White, Mestizo, and Black Hispanics. They are a separate ethnic group that the US measures in the census, and they have unique issues with racism and discrimination, so Hispanic/Latino is separated out from the other questions to help with measurements and... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Social Sciences:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Social Sciences:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why is Greek life such a big deal in America compared to Canada, and what exactly is so special about it/what does it entail? | [
"It's simply organized social networking. Often when you go to college, you don't know many, if any, people. The Greek organizations are an easy way to join like-minded individuals--assuming that you are like-minded with the Greek culture. Most schools have other potential organizations for you to join if that's no... | [
"Many \"fraternal\" (fraternities, \"frats\") organizations in American universities are stylized with Greek lettering. The four most common are * Academic, such as Phi Beta Kappa * Business * Philanthropy * Social Note that there is usually some crossover. My school had an engineer frat that partied very hard. So... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Education:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Education:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why do late night shows use hand-written cue cards when they could easily afford a teleprompter? | [
"SNL uses cue cards for these reasons: * Cue cards are easier to change at the last minute. That is why you sometimes see the actor on SNL breaking up during a sketch. They are truly reacting to the joke on the card. * Cue cards are easier to move. If the focus of the sketch has to change, the person holding the ... | [
"Newsreaders usually have a small screen under the camera. On that screen, the text they read out is shown. This screen is called a \"teleprompter\". But in case the prompter breaks, they have the same text with them on paper, so they can continue reading the news."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How Does League of Legends differ from DOTA2 | [
"How does Call of Duty differ from Battlefield? How does Binding of Isaac differ from Faster than Light? Same genre but different features. Different champions, different map layout, different abilities, different graphics styles etc etc. Watch a game of each and you will probably spot quite a few differences and s... | [
"DirectX does have a competitor, called OpenGL. It's used on the PS3, as well as OSX, Linux, and Windows. It has it's pros and cons vs. DirectX. (Most notably, DirectX only works on Windows and Xbox.) Some examples of OpenGL games include Quake, Angry Birds, Amnesia, Minecraft, Unreal Tournament, KOTOR, and the Mac... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is it more tiring to stand than to walk? | [
"When you're standing you're not actually resting. Your muscles are constantly making small adjustments with your ankles as the pivot point in order to stop you from falling on your face. Each adjustment isn't very intensive but it does this *alot*.Not only are your muscles doing this work constantly, it's only a s... | [
"They can exercise, they just can't stand up and run."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Hubble can see a galaxy that existed only 400 million years after the Big Bang. The Webb telescope will be able to see light from even closer to the Big Bang. Where does it stop? Could we just see back to the Big Bang with super advanced technology? | [
"The closest we can get is the [WMAP](_URL_0_) which recorded light from 380,000 years after the big bang. We can't see farther back then that because the universe was too dense to allow light to escape into the visible spectrum. Photons were jumping from atom to atom so quickly that you couldn't see anything."
] | [
"The only way we could see an image of the past earth would be if it were reflected back to us. If there was some gigantic mirror out in space then we could look at it to see what the Earth looked like in the distant past. But, for many reasons, this isn't practical. But, we can't directly catch up with the image o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about astronomy:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about astronomy:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why do flys rub their hands together menacingly whenever they land? | [
"They get dirty and have flavor receptors (think taste buds) on their legs. They rub themselves off in order to eat and be able to taste it. **Edit:** Alternate theory - They know something we don't. *Half Life 3 confirmed!*"
] | [
"They're attracted by the moisture and salt on your skin. The reason they keep coming is because flies arent aware you exist. You like a million times bigger than they are. The reason they keep hitting into you even after you swat at them is they have very poor memory. You ever seen a fly come inside through an ope... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do we talk more about partially ordered sets than totally ordered sets? | [
"Total orders are pretty rare, and are usually kind of uninteresting. There's not enough variance in their structures to tell you much. Partial orders, on the other hand, are extremely general. In particular, they're used in lattices (things like subgroups of a group, subspaces of a vector space, intermediate subfi... | [
"Basically, you have some elements (finitely of infinitely many). You then sort these elements into buckets. These buckets are called equivalence classes. An equivalence relation tells you whether two elements are in the same bucket. This concept is not specific to discrete math. One example of an equivalence relat... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
What events could cause an economy to suddenly collapse, and how would they cause it? | [
"A loss in confidence in the money supply. If people were afraid that the Fed would hyper inflate the currency, then few people would want to accept the US dollar and many countries economies would crash since they all use the US dollar."
] | [
"Have you ever heard the term \"Too big to fail\" applied to banks? What that term effectively means is that the economy is so dependent on these specific banking institutions that if they were allowed to fail, the entire US economy would collapse with it. The Fed refused to allow these banking institutions to fail... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Economics:"
} |
How do NORAD, Google, and other sites track Santa? | [
"NORAD, NORth american Aerospace Defense command, is capable of tracking anything from planes to rockets to flocks of birds. A sleigh full of toys and a bunch of reindeer stick out like a sore thumb on their radar, it looks nothing like a plane. We'll never know how he manages to visit everyone in just one night. H... | [
"If you have any ideas about how to improve the system, let us know!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why are sports games such as Madden and NBA 2k still being released each year? | [
"I imagine that the main reason is because the teams keep changing. Every year, teams add and lose players. This is especially true with newly drafted players. Secondly, they do try to improve their games on each release by tweaking certain features such as game play, control options, graphics, and other features."... | [
"I like to compare it to the new EA Sports FIFA games. Fifa 15 came out in 2014 and so on. If the game was released for the holiday season and labeled the proper year (so it came out in October/Novemeber of 2014 and named Fifa 2014) then it would feel outdated already 2 months after. Labeling it a year in advance m... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why is it that when we switch focus from one object to another, we never miss? | [
"**TL;DR: Evolutionary advantage.** The capability to instantly look at and focus on something else is a tremendous benefit for any organism that might be either a predator or prey. Being able to focus instantly on a beast that's barrelling straight at you because you're Special Number Three on today's menu substa... | [
"If you look away there's no stimuli trying to get your attention. You can look at a blank wall and not have anything stimulating you while you search your head for the answer."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How much oil is left? | [
"\"When will we run out? \" No one knows how much oil 'left' there is for two reasons. 1. The oil hasn't been found, so we don't know it's there. 2. We don't have the technology to extract it economically, so we don't consider it part of the oil 'left'. When and if we do develop the technology to find and extract ... | [
"How much do they cost vs how much will they generate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How do blackheads/zits form? | [
"All over your body you have these small holes from which your hair grows. In these holes, you also have a gland that produces oil, which keeps your skin soft and tends to your hair. When dead skin cells or dirt collects in these holes, they make a bumb in your skin. When the top layer of skin is gone, the air make... | [
"It is my understanding that when we started to lose hair on our face (among other places), our skin was still used to having hair there. It produces extra oils/related for the hair which isn't there, which in turn ends up clogging our pores and causes things like acne. Also, some animals get pimples and stuff like... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
why do they say that "glass flows over time?" And why has this been proven false? | [
"Some people mistakenly thought that glass would flow over time and used the fact that very old stained glass windows would have thicker glass at the bottom of the panes. This was proven false because it is false. The glass panes are thicker at the bottom because of the manufacturing process of glass in the past, n... | [
"Different elements have different strengths of magnetism. But also, I think you can mix the material with carbon to \"dilute\" it. I could be wrong, but here's an answer until a scientist enters the thread."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how food companies decide serving size | [
"How do food companies determine *serving size*? With old data. The Food and Drug Administration provides an exhaustively detailed set of guidelines to help manufacturers set portion size based on the amount the average person is likely to eat at once—or, in jargon, the \"reference amount customarily consumed.\" T... | [
"Different types of chicken, different flavours of crude plus individual companies with different trade agreements with other companies and countries"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does the United States benefit from having territories/commonwealths like Puerto Rico, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Virgin Islands, etc.? | [
"Guam is of strategic importance to the US. Look at a globe and notice the distance from mainland US to Asia and also notice how Guam's location provides a handy place to stage, refuel, base troops, or similar."
] | [
"Puerto Rico is an *unincorporated organized territory* of the US. Unincorporated means that rights granted by the US Constitution are not fully extended to citizens of Puerto Rico."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why do people forget dreams so quickly? | [
"I read this as \"why do people forget their hopes and aspirations so quickly?\" :("
] | [
"What about the kind of DÉjà Vu where you dream something but don't remember dreaming it until it happens in real life? This happens often atleast monthly."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Cognitive Science:"
} |
If an electron microscope works because it uses electrons rather than photons, does this mean electrons are smaller than photons? | [
"Electron microscopes are effective because the wavelengths of the electrons in the microscope are several thousand times shorter than the wavelengths of visible light. This allows a beam of electrons to resolve much more small detail. To something very small, visible light basically covers a large amount of the ... | [
"We can only see things by bouncing light off them and then into our eyes. Lenses help us focus light so we can see smaller things, but evsntually, the things you're looking at are smaller than the wavelengths of light. Light itself has a size and you can't bounce it off things that are smaller than it and get a go... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What compels an individual to strike up personal conversations with strangers on public transport? | [
"Likely the same reason people tell anything to Taxi drivers. He knows he'll never see you again, and it's good to get it off his chest."
] | [
"The thought is that most urban populations vote democrat, and these people utilize public transit as their main form of transportation. Come from experience, taking public transit in the rain is a pain."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does if take so long for a movie to release on DVD/Blu-ray after it stops showing in theaters? | [
"Because if the movie came out immediately, then no one would see it in theaters and movie theaters won’t bother to show a movie no one is going to see."
] | [
"Critics get to see review showings of movies before they're released to general audiences in the theaters."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How do free apps with no ads (snapchat, instagram) make money? | [
"Generally speaking, they don't. Startups like this cruise for years on investment capital in the hopes that they can (i) sell themselves to a bigger company; or (ii) find out a way to monetize the service themselves. It's also interesting you ask, since Instagram (which was bought by facebook) is now exploring mon... | [
"Two main reasons. 1) Ads and in app purchases (not Reddit obviously but other apps generally have ads they make you watch and stuff they try to make you buy), and 2) generally people spend more time in apps than in their browser and companies know it’s very unlikely you’ll go to www.companyname to log in every sin... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do the people of Detroit don't want Nickleback to play at the lion's thanksgivings game? | [
"As a Detroiter, and a life-long Lions and music fan, I can tell you there are at least two reasons. The first is that Nickelback is a band whose combination of trite lyrics and an awe inspiring inability to only write songs that have the same time and melody as every other one of there songs is truly superb. The s... | [
"players want 54 percent I believe, owners only want them to have 50. Fuck both of them they make too much money to be bitching anyway. I'm from Chicago and as soon as we start to have a championship caliber team the NBA goes outta fucking business. fuck that."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why isnt there a universal plug socket design? | [
"Different sockets have different advantages and disadvantages. It is also hard to change existing standards. A standard is emerging though as the European countries are making their sockets compatible with each other. The result in the Schuko/Europlug design. More and more countries are making their sockets compat... | [
"They don't. Is there a reason that you think this is the case?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How were 5V and 12V decided on as the "go to" voltages for so many electronic devices, specifically computers? | [
"Combination of safety and industry standards. You can also run smaller gauge wire and smaller components on 12v. I would also be curious to hear about a more technical reasoning."
] | [
"First of all, there are appliances that run better on AC power, so why waste effort on converting it? Items that involve motors or resistive heating either want AC power or are perfectly fine with it. Second of all, you don't know the voltage of all possible DC appliances. If you're going to need to transform your... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why it sounds like the ocean in a shell | [
"As far as I know, it's the blood flow in your ear amplified."
] | [
"How do you even take a picture of the center of a tornado?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is it that acne can be caused by heredity if it's just dirt in the skin? | [
"Acne is caused when pores on your face are blocked up and become inflamed. This could have genetic roots, because, if your genes make you produce more oils in your skin, the extra oil could clog up your pores more easily than someone who does not have that trait. Thus, you would have a lot more acne than that othe... | [
"The Accutane molecule is similar in shape to Vitamin A. It stops sebaceous glands from working. Think of it as turning off the faucet that pumps the gunk into the acne. It doesn't work for everyone because it doesn't work for every time of acne. It works best for the big nodular acne, because that is mostly caused... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How do I change sentences in passive voice to active voice? | [
"There's a guide [here](_URL_0_) on how to turn that feature off, but if you're interested: * Passive: Mistakes were made. * Active: I made a mistake. You can find more information on active/passive [here](_URL_1_)."
] | [
"the passive voice is not usually good writing because it introduces ambiguity by making the subject implicit instead of explicit. the only time I consider it appropriate to use the passive voice is when the subject actually is ambiguous to begin with."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How are artificial flavors engineered? | [
"Take extract of some food. Run gas-liquid chromatography on it and determine the volatile components. Take artificial versions of some of those components and see if some combination tastes right. It usually comes down to just one or a few flavors that are needed to trick the nose and tongue."
] | [
"Just because something is made from vegetables doesn't automatically make it healthy. Heroin is made from vegetables."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
The sensation of "too quiet" | [
"Just spitballing, but human brains filter a huge amount of information all the time, to include ambient noise. We usually don't think about it because it isn't relevant to any of the decisions our brains think we're going to need to make soon. The sudden absence of noise, however, is unusual. It breaks the pattern... | [
"Pressure changes from the sound, and instinctive reaction to \"unexpected thing = protect sensitive organ\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Biology:"
} |
Explain Hilbert space in layman's terms. | [
"States in quantum mechanics are vectors. But they're not vectors in regular space (meaning (x,y,z)). They're vectors in an abstract vector space called a Hilbert space."
] | [
"Because in a vacuum a moving object has no resistance acting on it. Clarify the second part of the question please."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is my internet connection noticeably slower at night? | [
"This is easy. Imagine the internet connection your ISP runs to your neighborhood as a garden hose and everyone who has internet is represented as a straw. Now during the day the hose is running full blast at 40PSI, each straw is capable of 2 PSI max. During the day only 4 people are drinking from the straw so it's... | [
"I used to be able to watch longer videos on my phone via LTE. Apparently this changed sometime earlier this week. Now when trying to watch, say, a 3-hour podcast on YouTube, it says that the video is only available on WiFi. This is very new and I'm wondering why YouTube would do this. Anyone?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Is there a formula to determine the terminal velocity of an object? why, why not? | [
"v = sqrt(2mg/ρAC). v = terminal velocity, m = mass, ρ = density of the fluid (air), C = drag coefficient (based on objects shape), and A the area the object projects onto the ground (describes the objects size). A sphere for example would have the area of the circle at it's middle."
] | [
"Gravity is a force, while weight is the effect of gravity on a given mass. You cannot convert gravity in to weight. It's like asking me to tell you the speed of your car using only the measurement of how much gas you have in the tank."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How to credit repair agencies work? | [
"They don't do anything you can't do yourself. There's basically two things you can do to repair credit: Dispute things and ask for leniency from creditors. They basically go and dispute every negative thing on your report. By law, reporting agencies are required to follow up on disputes with creditors. If creditor... | [
"Find house that has been foreclosed on. remove for sale sign. move in."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
In betting, how does the 'Both teams not to score' bet work? And why, if one team does score, do you still win the bet? | [
"You are betting against BOTH teams ending up with at least one point, not against EITHER team scoring, if that makes any sense. If the bet was 'neither team scores' then a 1-0 win to whoever means you lose. But as you were betting that 'both teams will not score', if one of the teams stays on 0 points, then you h... | [
"They have to take an educated guess for the odds that they offer at first, but after that they're mainly basing the odds on how people are betting. They look at how much has been bet on each outcome and how much they'll have to pay out in each case. They try to arrange that the losing bets will always cover the wi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why are there no protests over current events like there were during the Vietnam war? | [
"There was a draft during the Vietnam war, which meant someone could be forced to go to war, and maybe die, so you had a good reason to protest. Having your emails stored or read by someone has no actual \"feeling\" to you, not like \"Oh no, I might get drafted and killed\"."
] | [
"What do you want to hear more about? The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan? The Israel vs. Palestine situation? The Arab Spring? The recent attacks on US embassies?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How does the nervous system work? | [
"Nerves. They're like wires carrying electricity. More like fiber-optic cables carrying information, actually."
] | [
"Brain. Our brain takes a long time to fully develop."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Biology:"
} |
Historically, soldier uniforms had different, bright colors, but nowadays they are made to resemble the environment. How can a modern soldier find out who is an ally/enemy? | [
"During an operation units are given clear tactical areas of operations. You are made aware during orders of what other units are in your vicinity as well as their call signs and radio frequencies. You are kept abreast of friendlies who may be in your vicinity through your company signaller should anything change."... | [
"They are peacekeepers - their primary mission is not necessarily to be active warfighters. They have military and non-military functions. They want to be well-seen, because their purpose is very clear - firing on them is essentially firing on the United Nations. Camouflage makes sense when you are trying to avoid ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why is the UAE so amazing and secular when it comes to technology and engineering but poor when it comes to social justice? | [
"American and European architects and engineers built those building. They just have a shit load of money from all the oil to throw at cool buildings"
] | [
"No it's not, it is a constitutional monarch similar to that of England except King Abdullah has a few more powers. But don't let that dissuade you for it is a highly developed country with one of the freest economy in the Middle East. It's getting positive press for the actions it's doing to ISIS in retaliation fo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Can someone explain what exactly the Church of Scientology is and what makes it so "bad". | [
"it's a cult it's bad because it hurts people"
] | [
"A simplified answer 1. Lots of resources(especially money) 2. Many influential people(eg. celebrities) 3. Lots of devoted people Basically, not much different than the Catholic church but I'm not sure if Scientology can even be considered a religion in a traditional sense. It is by law though."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Religion and Crime:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Religion and Crime:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Religion and Crime:"
} |
How does teeth whitening/bleaching work? | [
"Whitening is usually used to refer to the mechanical removal of stains by some sort of physical action, IE using abrasives in toothpaste that will scrub off surface stains on the tooth enamel. Bleaching is breaking up stains via chemical action, essentially using a chemical agent to break the stains down into smal... | [
"Dentists have shown that long time use of the AC tooth whitening actually harms teeth. It’s too abrasive and ruins the underlying enamel. Using it a couple times for a quick boost in whitening won’t be detrimental but I wouldn’t replace my traditional toothpaste with it"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Any of the seven Millennium Prize Problems | [
"I would like to take a brief (and relatively naive) stab at the Navier-Stokes equations problem on an ELI5 level: In the 19th century, a physicist (Navier) first devised a set of equations to model the movement of fluids to determine their velocity (speed in a given direction) at a given point in space at a given ... | [
"There is one chosen each week, so there are 52 Best Seller's a year."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why Do Economists and Journalists Jump Up And Down Over Growth Numbers like .05%? | [
"Maybe you wouldn't, but take a figure like $1bn, which is the sort of number people talk about all the time in business, finance and economics. 0.05% becomes $500,000. So if you're talking about a $1bn, the difference between adding 0.05% or subtracting 0.05% becomes $1m. And $1m means a lot to some people."
] | [
"Being Black Does Actually Have (Relatively Minor) Health Consequences, It's Just That They're Obviated By Modern Life. There's An Energy Cost To Have Extra Melanin, Even A Small One, So If You Don't Need It It Won't Be Selected For. Melanin Reduces Vitamin-D Uptake From The Sun If Sunlight Is Lower Than You're Ada... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
If Netflix and Spotify can destroy the market on renting or buying movies and buying physical music, why hasn't a simlar service for streaming video games been released to consoles yet? | [
"The simple answer is latency and bandwidth. If you noticed, many games are far bigger than any movie. WarFrame alone is nearly 30 GB. Not to mention games like evolve require 50 GB of hard drive space. Since you experience lag in physical disc games while online, streaming would be impractical. Many players on the... | [
"It's more lucrative for film makers to release their work to theatres, or even DVD/BluRay, long before considering a release on Netflix. Music on the other hand isn't very lucrative to begin with, unless you happen to be a pop star, so releasing an album on a streaming service like Pandora isn't likely to result i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What happens in the brain when you suddenly remember something important (IE Leaving the oven on)? | [
"I think you don't have any answers because this isn't an area we have got figured out yet. From a cognitive psychology perspective, something in your perceptions (a sound, smell, sight) or in your mind that is related to your oven or your food or the kitchen or the time of day (approaching mealtime) or even someth... | [
"Because your brain didn't want you to forget your keys on the table when you leave that morning."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why is Gender identity disorder regarded with validation and respect but Body integrity identity disorder is not? | [
"Because we have a lot more information about gender identity disorder. It took a long time for us to gather the evidence needed to decide it is okay to reassign someone's sex to match their gender, and even still we are very careful about it. The ethical concerns are no simple matter. Body integrity identity disor... | [
"Having gender dysphoria and being trans are the same thing really."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How Apple devices know if I'm using an official Apple cable or not? | [
"There's basically a chip in the lightning connector, which effectively sends a signal saying \"Im legit\". The device just registers this."
] | [
"My iPhone constantly connects to my Apple Watch and my Bluetooth headphones at the same time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why do liquid pouring utensils (i.e. pitchers, bottles, beakers, etc...) sometimes leak instead of being poured correctly (like, say, with an arch) (Bonus question: How can I stop this from happening?) | [
"I think I understand what you mean here, and I think you are referring to the effect where the water stick to the side and runs down it instead of pouring our properly. It is my understanding that water does this because water has quite a bit of adhesion for a liquid, which just means that water really likes stick... | [
"When you hit the top in the right way, you essentially cause the bottle to move downwards faster than the liquid does, forming a tiny empty spot between the bottom of the liquid and the bottom of the glass. This causes the liquid to fall back down onto the glass bottom, which results in it foaming up a lot like if... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
why do older movies / TV shows simply "look old," regardless of costumes, CGI, etc.? | [
"Part of the reason is they were shot to be viewed on a display with much lower resolution. You are seeing them in a way that was not planned for in production."
] | [
"The cameras really are better. However, the other things you list make a huge difference as well. Lighting, set design, and editing all have enormous impacts on how \"professional\" your production looks at the end."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do people solve rubix cubes in < 10 seconds? | [
"Rubik's cubes are actually solved with a formula, or simple set of rules. Once you know those rules by heart, it just becomes a matter of applying them in the most efficient way (to minimize the number of moves required) and then moving your hands very, very quickly. Those with good memories for images can actuall... | [
"What's 5 + 5? Okay now what's 5.105 + 5.079? Which took longer?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What makes your stomach hurt when you are hungry and what causes your stomach to growl? | [
"You always have gas moving through your body. This makes sound. When there is food there, it muffles the sound. When it's empty, you hear it louder. Try putting your ear to someone's stomach (with permission.) You can still hear it growling even if they ate."
] | [
"Because you have so much mucus flowing into your stomach you feel full and don't produce the hormones that make you feel hungry."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and Wellness:"
} |
why do GPS satelites need such an accurate clock? | [
"You have a bunch of satellites in space, sending signals that say, \"My clocks says 5:00:00.123\", \"My clock says 5:00:00.124\", over and over again. Your GPS measures the differences it takes for the signals to reach it. If it receives one second a thousandth of a second sooner, it knows that satellite is about ... | [
"The satellites simply broadcast. There is no two way communication (this is why even low power devices can receive GPS signals. GPS simply relies on satellites with known locations sending out a timing signal. The GPS device receives the timing signals from these satellites, finds their locations in a table, then ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How does an artist make eyes follow the onlooker? | [
"Simply by drawing or photographing the subject looking directly forward (towards the camera, if photographing). Since drawings and photographs are 2-dimensional, it doesn't matter which angle you look at it from, you are essentially always seeing the view from directly ahead. So if the subject is looking directly ... | [
"But what happens when you look at the blue sky and see a similar pattern appear without having to rub your eyes?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Health and Physiology:"
} |
How do we measure the calories of food? | [
"We can measure calories (Calor = Heat) by burning the food and measuring how the temperature of water raises. A calorie is the energy it takes to raise the temperature of a litre of water by 1c. You would do chemical analysis to get the nutrients. For proteins you would probably try to measure the chemicals in Ami... | [
"You need at least some Vitamin A and Vitamin C, and you won't get it without some vegetables. That aside, it is precisely because they have almost no calories that they're healthy. The biggest food risk for 1st worlders is overeating calories."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What do you do when a tornado is coming when you don't have a basement? | [
"Get a weather alert radio. You're unlikely to get more than about 15 minutes warning. If you can, seek shelter with a neighbor. If not, stand in a doorway away from any windows. Some work places have shelters; so do some public buildings."
] | [
"Save up about $1000. It needs to be cash, and it needs to be money you don't need for your basic necessities. Open up a door, go outside, put it on a hard surface and then set it on fire. Congratulations, now you know how the stock market works."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Finance:"
} |
What is the Legal Immigration Process like in the U.S? | [
"A nightmare. It's expensive and inefficient. I hold a green card from a k1 visa. They make it tough, to date, we paid about $15000."
] | [
"Where do you mean? Europe? The US? Middle East? Africa? Eastern Asia?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does water boil in lower temperatures in higher altitudes if the pressure is lower in higher altitudes? | [
"The lower pressure makes it easier for water molecules to \"escape\" If you reduce the pressure to near zero (nearly a vacuum) the water will all boil off pretty much instantly regardless of temperature."
] | [
"Gasses dissolve more in colder water than hotter water. Solids on the other hand dissolve more in hot water than cold water."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Chemistry:"
} |
How can car insurance companies avoid discrimination while charging women less than men for the exact same product? | [
"Not sure if they do or don't, but they back it up by data. Women get in more accidents than men (men get in more fatal accidents), so it would be reasonable to assume those most at risk would have to pay more."
] | [
"Insurance rates are always based on the likelihood of something happening. This is why younger people pay higher auto insurance - they tend to have more accidents. Males tend to have more accidents as well. When you are young you would not want to pay the same rate for life insurance as does a 70 year old person. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Diplomatic Immunity? How do you obtain it and what can you do with it? What are your limits? | [
"you generally get it by being a representative of a foreign government, and ambassador for example. You can't really do much you couldn't normally. The real difference is what happens when you do something. If you're in the US, from Germany, and you commit theft. You won't be charged with theft in the US. The US w... | [
"You have nearly all the same rights as a United States Citizen. The only difference is that you do not have the right to enter the country and can be denied entry for any reason. Everything else is exactly the same."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do batteries leak "acid" when they haven't been used for a long time? | [
"Batteries produce electricity through a chemical reaction between an electrolyte and an electrode. In a lead acid battery, for example, these are sulphuric acid and lead respectively. As old batteries deteriorate - as old things tend to do - the acid can leak out."
] | [
"Phones use lithium batteries. Lithium batteries are terrible. AA batteries last 30+ years without being touched"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How detailed are reflections in mirrors? | [
"For most practical purposes (looking at light and visible things) the answer is that the mirror is infinitely detailed, given your assumption that the mirror is flawless. Hypothetically speaking, you couldn't zoom in to the mirror to the atomic scale, you'd end up looking at the atoms of the mirror. However, you c... | [
"Do you have a link that contains examples of these images?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why is the heart located on the left body side? | [
"Its not, its in the center. It's not perfectly symmetrical though, I guess the bottom leans a little to the left, so that probably causes the misconception. Source: [heart](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"You have a higher concentration of nerves in your hand than you have in most other places on your body."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why was Che successful during the Cuban revolution but failed in his Bolivian revolution? | [
"I would suggest going to /r/askhistorians for an answer, they would be better suited to answering this"
] | [
"Was any Asian country capable of helping the United States during the revolutionary war?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can grocery stores produce and sell their own identical products to the "brand name" products? | [
"Well, you can't patent \"a cinnamon sugary cereal that is made in squares.\" You can patent the specific formula they use, and the generic brands tend to not taste exactly like the brand name products. That being said, in many cases some companies actually use the same factories that the brand names use and just h... | [
"The Loblaws company owned the bread maker as well and so they undercut every other bread maker by inflating the prices on the other brands of bread"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If a civilization relied on the sun to tell time, what did they do on a very cloudy day? | [
"Until the modern age(locomotive trains, and telegraphs), knowing precisely what time it was, was not very important. Only when communication and travel between groups of people in different places became the norm, did accurate timekeeping matter."
] | [
"The time that midnight occurs is pretty much the same year round. The time of sunrise varies by a couple minutes each day as the seasons change. It would be inconvenient if the length of a day was different from one day to the next."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How are tablets so much cheaper than smartphones? I get that it's harder to fit all of the technology into a smaller device, but once they figure that out it's less materials overall | [
"One big cost is the radio. The radio chip of a top tier cell phone is a ridiculously complex and expensive component that draws a ton of power because it has to have a range of miles and work on over a dozen different frequency allocations (so it can be a world phone). A tablet just needs a simple wifi chip with a... | [
"They aren't, really. However, people are willing to pay for bells and whistles on their phone that they don't buy for their PC, and people are more inclined to buy new phones--often once a year, especially if it is part of a contract with a carrier. Hence there is more drive to include special features, update fre... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document about gaming:"
} |
Why are expired forms of ID not acceptable as proof of your DOB? | [
"Identification cards expire because it reduces the risk of fraud: on the one hand, newer editions of the cards will tend to have more protections against forgery. On the other hand, if cards never expired, lost or stolen cards can permanently continue to circulate and the amount of such cards eventually becomes la... | [
"State sovereignty. Each of the 50 states makes an ID card easily available for anyone without a Drivers' License the federal government recognizes them all."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What would happen if the US would shut-down at least 80% of their military bases, withdraw from combat everywhere in the world, and become a pacifist nation? | [
"If you have Netflix there's a very good documentary titled \"the world without US\" It explains your exact question."
] | [
"Out of 200 + countries in the world, USA has between 20-30% of the *worlds* GDP. Add to that the fact that the USA maintains the worlds 2nd largest stock of nuclear weapons, and the agreement through policy or treaty that we will defend many nations around the globe, so that they don't have to develop and maintain... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why do you puke when you work out too hard? | [
"That's just your way of your body telling you you're a bitch ass nigga"
] | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How do the police find callers that are too incoherent to give their location? If they have some method of independently finding you, then why don't they just do that every time, instead of wasting time asking you? | [
"In the USA, the emergency operator (police) knows where you are, 95% of the time, as soon as they answer the call, especially if you're on a \"landline\" (not a mobile phone). Even with a mobile phone, they can usually find you pretty quickly. Log into Google Maps with your mobile phone. See? Your phone knows wher... | [
"Police officer here. Though, I'm not completely qualified to answer this, as I don't deal with that sort of thing. However; the \"keep them on the line\" thing they do in movies is complete fiction. Landlines can be traced instantly. For cell phones, they either triangulate using cell phone towers, or use the loca... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it that people will automatically call someone “Alex” instead of “Alexander” | [
"People automatically shorten names if possible. It’s just a cultural trend to use short names (like Mia) or shorten long names to nicknames Jennifer = Jen or Jenny Alexander = Alex Zacharie = Zach"
] | [
"I don't think it does at all. People call me 'white' and not an American. So why would it be racist to call someone 'black' instead of African American?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is the US so slow to implement credit card chip technology? | [
"Merchants in the USA usually buy or lease their card swipe devices. Converting to card in chip is very expensive. Most would rather pay a higher processing fee to cover the increased risk of fraud."
] | [
"As long as the merchant follows any necessary verification guidelines, then they'll get paid, even if the purchase is fraudulent. But yes, it's archaic, and that's why as of last month it's being phased out. In the US if you use a chip, or a mobile wallet such as Apple Pay, none of the major card networks now requ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
If testosterone — which is found in higher levels in men — stimulates body hair growth, then why do men experience hair loss on their heads more often than women? | [
"Though the question is phrased to the opposite of what you suggest, the answer will work: _URL_0_ It's a little more complicated than just about testosterone; it concerns genetics."
] | [
"From what I understand, the production of melanin is somewhat related to testosterone. During puberty, there's a concentration of testosterone in that area, so the skin darkens. It's also why pubes tend to be darker in colour than the hair on your head."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Health and Wellness:"
} |
How is it legal for the Homeowner's Association to dictate what I can/cannot do on property I've purchased? | [
"Easy. On the deed to the property, there are restrictive covenants which say what you can and cannot do with the property. Those covenants are part of the property, much like zoning restrictions, and travel from owner to owner. The developer bought all the land, put the restrictive covenants on the deeds, and sold... | [
"There is nothing illegal about living \"off the grid\" and no one can be evicted from their home because of it. People can be evicted for not paying their rent or taking proper care of the house/apartment they are renting. People can be evicted for not paying property tax on the house they own. People cannot be ki... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Fractional Distillation | [
"When you heat up a liquid it evaporates, and the more volatile stuff (lower boiling point) turns into gas. Fractional distillation uses the idea that the most volatile stuff vaporizes *first*, so by providing a lot of places for the gas to condense back into liquid along the path out of the distiller, the less vol... | [
"Sleep - Shake Unconscious - Splash Coma - Wait and Hope Vegetative State - Wait and Bury"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What causes some people to throw up or retch if they smell something disgusting like a rotting animal, or experience something very traumatic like witness someone getting badly injured or receive a phone call with highly emotional news? | [
"Essentially you have a few different mechanics happening here. Smells can cause nausea and vomiting in individuals because the smell causes your brain to assume that you have been exposed to something that is poisonous to you. Horrible smells cause a gag type reflex which suppresses the feeling of hunger, aiding u... | [
"From a psychological perspective we are more likely to remember memories that are associated with high emotion- usually negative emotion. So if you think of your earliest childhood memory it is usually a negative memory like being violently sick or getting in trouble."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Do the belts on cars spin at the same rpm as the engine? | [
"This is a case where thinking of a very extreme configuration makes the answer clear. Imagine you have a belt connecting a pair of disks that are two inches in diameter, but they are placed a mile apart. That means the belt's circumference is about two miles. Now imagine there's a spot of white paint on the belt. ... | [
"It's called a tachometer, and it depends on what car you drive, but most just show how many rotations per minute the engine is doing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why/how did Micheal Jackson "turn white?" | [
"He, as well as many others in the world, had a skin condition called vitiligo. This causes patches of lightened skin that can cause a person to look lighter overall. Sometime the patches can spread to be very large and cover most of the body. That combined with plastic surgery to change many of his features could ... | [
"Because you're not you when you're angry bro. Eat a Snickers. Also the term is called \"Hangry\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and Wellness:"
} |
why does the inside of the ship, tank and train have so many knobs a and analogue equipment where as the u/traviss22 tractor is the "most up to date". | [
"You are correct. Many of those controls are in case the digital controls aren't working properly. Better to have a second way to control everything, than lose control of your vehicle."
] | [
"over time the boards are exposedto everything from cockroaches to layers of dust can in the right circumstances can cause short a circuit. personalty i have seen lots of dust and humidity can kill a computer. i have seen 2 different grades of equipment (laptos, ibm think pad V panasonic toughbook) in the same envi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does glass break when one hits a certain note and volume? | [
"It does, the mythbusters have tested this under optimal conditions. All crystals have a natural resonance frequency. When this frequency is induced across the crystal, it will resonate at this frequency and create what is known as a standing wave. Physics of standing waves aside, if you create this frequency at an... | [
"Resonance. Objects have a tendency to oscillate at specific frequencies. This frequency is different depending on the object. The resonant frequency of the high hat is probably the same as or very close to the G# that your piano produces, which is why other notes don't make it rattle - they don't resonate. So yes,... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do eggs turn from liquid to solid with heat? Isn't it supposed to be the other way around? | [
"Water does what you describe, but certainly not everything. The proteins in the egg are denatured by the heat. When proteins get denatured, the bonds they hold with other molecules get broken, and they frantically try to reconnect those bonds. They end up bonding with a bunch of random stuff, EVEN the metal in the... | [
"Because the bowl and the food have a different specific heat. Specific heat is a measure of how much energy it takes to raise the temperature of that material. Materials like metal or ceramics have a low specific heat, so it doesn't take much energy to change there temperature. Water, which your food is mostly mad... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
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