query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Why can't I start my own nation? | [
"It becomes recognized whenever other countries recognize it. That's not a satisfying answer, but it's the truth. Just ask Palestine. There are only two things stopping you from finding an island and starting the People's Democratic Free Opensource Republic of Doge: (1) finding an unclaimed island or (2) convincin... | [
"How are you going to change the filter?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is such an emphasis placed on only a couple states during the U.S. presidential elections? | [
"The \"swing states\". Most states are typically majority conservative or liberal. It's a waste of resources to go campaigning there. The majority party wins all of the electoral votes. But certain states are very close to 50/50 splits. These ones are worth a focus because a few points swing in voting makes a huge... | [
"How would you define \"winning\" a presidential debate?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about history:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about history:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What is chloride in a hydration IV and why do you need it to be hydrated instead of just water, sodium, potassium, etc? | [
"Simple answer is to maintain your blood's PH and isotonic balances. IV fluids are usually sodium chloride solution, .9 & #37;, which is the level that you would find in human blood. WIthout the right balance, water would be an irritant and change the electrolyte levels in your body, causing potential problems with... | [
"Your muscles are cramping. It can come from dehydration or lack of proper electrolytes. Drink more water. Eat foods with calcium, magnesium, and potassium."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why is it that we can consume substantially more liquid by weight than we can food? | [
"Liquid is absorbed faster. Water fastest of all as it needs 0 digestion. Solid foods start chemical reactions and your body notices it and has to work before it can be advanced to the intestines."
] | [
"Yes. Because the calories you would need cannot be consumed in something as small as a pill."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How did US voters figure out which presidential candidate was the best in the early days of America? | [
"Mostly, they didn't, that's why the electoral college is a thing. In Theory, you'd vote for the most intelligent/well informed guy from your county, and then he would go vote for the candidate he thought was best. In practice, you voted for the delegate from your political party, and he would vote for whomever the... | [
"How would you define \"winning\" a presidential debate?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about history:",
"pos": "Represent the document about history:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What happens when you "keep forgetting that guy's name" ? | [
"You keep forgetting his name. That's it that's what happens."
] | [
"I read this as \"why do people forget their hopes and aspirations so quickly?\" :("
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
if the cabin of a commercial airplane is pressurized why do I have to "pop" my ears while ascending and descending | [
"Because the cabin is not pressurised to the equivalent of surface level. It is pressurised (in most cases) to the equivalent of around 8000' - significantly different pressure to the surface, but not so low as to be dangerous. As you climb or descend, the pressure inside the cabin gradually changes between surface... | [
"It's the altitude. Most jets are not pressurized, and the higher up you go, the thinner the air gets. It's not a factor of speed, because even slow moving prop planes like a Lancaster bomber from WWII required the use of oxygen masks. Passenger plane pilots don't require oxygen masks because the cabins are pressur... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Is face blindness restricted to humans or is this something that's been observed in other species? Is it understood what causes it? | [
"Not many animals rely primarily on sight to recognize others, and fewer still rely primarily on facial features. I would imagine if it happens in animals, it is pretty uncommon and restricted to our closest animal relatives."
] | [
"Yes, there are similar genetic disorders in other animals - but their different biology leads to very different expressions. So no Down Syndrome, but other similar disorders occur in other animals."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
The process of dry cleaning. | [
"Check out the (wikipedia article) [_URL_0_] if you want to know more specifics but here is a TL;DR for the lazy. The process is basically the same, the only difference is dry cleaning doesn’t use soap and water as the medium for dissolving dirt. It instead uses another liquid that is equally as adept as dissolving... | [
"High pressure air moving to fill low pressure air."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
If salt water is left alone does it separate into Na+ and Cl- ions? | [
"Yes they do. Most salts, including NaCl, naturally dissociate into cations and anions in water. Looks like this: _URL_0_"
] | [
"HCl and NaOH are both strong electrolytes (meaning that they completely dissociate into ions when placed in water). This means that you don't have HCl or NaOH in solution. You have H^+, Cl^-, Na^+ and OH^-. When H^+ ions come into contact with OH^- ions, they form water. Since water is a very weak electrolyte (on... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What's so hard about taking CO2 out of the air and putting it in the ground? | [
"You know how you get energy when you burn carbon? Well, if you want to split CO2 into carbon and oxygen, you have to put that energy back. Plants get this energy from the Sun. [Methods for replicating this process artificially](_URL_0_) are still an active area of research, not economical for widespread use yet."
... | [
"What exactly do you suppose should power these machines? Maybe we can power them by burning oil? The most efficient machines to take CO² out of the atmosphere are plants and they work on solar energy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why do some vegetarians eat fish? | [
"They're not vegetarians, but because the term \"pescatarian\" isn't familiar to most people, they find it easier to describe themselves as vegetarians who eat fish. The obvious followup question is why do they eat fish if they're against eating animals. Part of the answer is that some vegetarians aren't against e... | [
"You eat too much refined grain and sugar. Eat more vegetables and lean meat and this won't happen."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
When burning a CD, does a 4x vs a 1x write speed change the quality of the end product? Is there anything different about a 4x vs any other speed other than, speed? | [
"I always thought this harkened back to the old days of CD burning, where buffer underruns occurred frequently. A buffer was created for the data being burned, and if the buffer emptied before the burning process is complete, it would fail. Burning at a slower speed (1x) meant you didn't empty the buffer and cause... | [
"When you burn an audio cd that can be played in a normal CD player, the audio files are not compressed. 80 min of uncompressed music is 700MB. MP3's are compressed files. They remove some data to make the file sizes smaller. But to play MP3's your CD player needs to know how to decode MP3 data. That why not all C... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Is there a reason we ejaculate in spurts rather than a continuous stream like peeing? | [
"So imagine you have a turkey baster. You have a certain amount of fluid in there that you want to get out. If you squeeze it gently, you'll get a dribbling stream. It doesn't go very far and a bunch is still left inside. Now take that same turkey baster, and squeeze it hard. The fluid shoots out and goes further, ... | [
"Warning, Anecdote incoming: I had a GF who squirted. Even when obviously dehydrated and urine was quite yellow, the ejaculate was clear. Also it wasn't the porn movie squirting, it was quite similar in volume and distance as my ejaculate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
When does a date become a girl/boyfriend? | [
"Probably when the individuals involved start calling each other boyfriend/girlfriend. I don't think there's a solid definition beyond that."
] | [
"It means avoid anyone around you that uses these terms in a serious or honest fashion. They're shit people. Side chick is the girl you're cheating on your girlfriend with."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why do people have different kinds of laughter? | [
"Lots of factors. Some of them are physical - people have different pitched voices, different body sizes and differently-shaped insides, and that changes the way anything that comes out of their mouths sounds. And some of it is psychological. Some people, perhaps through shyness or social convention or just a habit... | [
"Why are noses different in size, why are people different heights, why do we have different hair colors?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Psychology:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Psychology:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Biology:"
} |
In extremely obese (~1,000lbs) individuals, why does fat tend to collect in uneven pockets, particularly favoring one area or another, instead of being more evenly distributed throughout the body? | [
"It may be because there hasn't really been any natural selection or sexual selection among humans regarding fat distribution. Being able to become obese at all has historically been rare enough that humans haven't evolved to favour fat being distributed symmetrically or evenly, so fat distribution is still very va... | [
"Yes, but not by much. Your fat stores are all located in/around your hips/pelvic region, they swell and become distended due to an increase in volume of fat storage. Squeezing into tighter clothing does cause certain shapes (i.e. muffin top) to form, but it has no impact on the overall volume. So if you are carry... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How Does an Oven Cook Food Enough to Eat if It's Off for 2 Hours? | [
"Beef is a relatively \"clean\" meat. Because it's so dense, all the nasties tend to live in the outer layer, which of course cooks first. And an oven heated to 350 will maintain a good temp for quite some time so... It's a combination. I certainly wouldn't do the same thing with chicken or pork because they both n... | [
"Being Black Does Actually Have (Relatively Minor) Health Consequences, It's Just That They're Obviated By Modern Life. There's An Energy Cost To Have Extra Melanin, Even A Small One, So If You Don't Need It It Won't Be Selected For. Melanin Reduces Vitamin-D Uptake From The Sun If Sunlight Is Lower Than You're Ada... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
what Flat Earth Theory is, and why believers are called crazy | [
"It's pretty self explanatory. Flat-Earthers believe that the earth is flat, that if you start walking in any direction, you will eventually fall off the edge. It's crazy because the evidence to the contrary is so convincing that no scientist has seriously considered it for over 2500 years."
] | [
"Some people believe things like the moon landing and the holocaust were hoaxes too. These are what I like to refer to as stupid people."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about News and current events:"
} |
Why poison frogs don't poison themselves | [
"Time for a little cellular biology. So quick rule of thumb, a lot of what makes up biology is the shape of molecules. The reason why certain things act a certain way in biology is usually because a particular molecule is shaped in a useful way. So toxins have their own shape. Likewise, the proteins they affect hav... | [
"Those bright colors are actually there to discourage their predators from eating them. It's like saying \"fuck with me and you're gonna get poisoned\". This is also why some animals that aren't poisonous have evolved to mimic bright colors, fooling predators to think they should stay away from them."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about biology:"
} |
how do sports commentators know all the players and their backgrounds so readily? I realize they are fed the info beforehand but they seem to spit out the info at appropriate times and so easily. | [
"They typically have notes on hand during the broadcast, additionally they have a producer in the truck feeding them information."
] | [
"The overwhelming majority of it is people simply watching the game and writing all the stuff down. Of course, nowadays computers make it much, much easier to actually sort through all that data and come up with all these weird statistics."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how do you determine the 'pack years' of a smoker? | [
"1 pack = 20 cigs So 10 cigs per day x 20 years = 1/2 pack x 20 yrs = 10 pack years"
] | [
"they are comparing it against the average risk of a disease. so lets say risk of diabetes if 2% on average for a certain group of people. reducing that risk by 50% now means you should have a 1% risk of it now."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How can a 500mg pill be the same size as a 10mg pill? | [
"The pills aren't 500mg, the dose of the drug is. Some drugs need to be buffered differently so they will be absorbed by your body properly without causing a reaction. That could very well make a 10mg dose require a bigger pill than a 500 mg dose of a different drug."
] | [
"Because people under 50kg (adults and children) should only take 500mg of paracetamol as it is hepatotoxic. It's a lot easier than trying to judge half a capsule, to just have 2 x 500mg."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
I have allergies. Why do I get sneezing fits every time I get out of the shower? | [
"I'm no doctor, but it may be because the humidity in your shower loosens the particulates in your nose which causes a reaction."
] | [
"I'm coughing all day if I sleep with the windows open. I don't have any regular seasonal allergies. When I say it's the night air making me sick I get crazy looks.???"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
The current European economic mess. | [
"The European Union is a collection of states that are integrated at a level never before seen in human history. Part of that integration is a shared currency and many other economic ties. Several of the European Union States are experiencing an aging population, which combined with very generous social benefits (... | [
"The main reason is because of the religious background of the United States."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why can't you prevent injury in a falling elevator by jumping at the last second? | [
"Let's say that you and the elevator are moving downward at a velocity of about 100 meters/second just before impact. You jump upwards at about 10 m/s. This means that your final velocity at impact is 90 m/s downwards. If that won't hurt you, and the falling pieces of the elevator coming down on your head at 100... | [
"Your depth perception is compromised when it's above the ground making it harder for your brain to figure out how to put one foot in front of the other without tripping. Edit: spelling"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:"
} |
Mariners of Reddit: What are the rules you have to follow to aid ships in distress/search and rescue operations? | [
"Many countries formally organize their civilian merchant fleet, so that in the case of big problems, they can be used productively and made a part of national (not just corporate) efforts. In the US, we do this using the US Merchant Marines. During the next World War, merchant marine vessels will be used to move m... | [
"First of all, who are you going to save with a few ships and a device dedicated to locating black boxes? These resources are designed for doing this job - it's not like you could take the same resources and end famine in Africa with them. Aside from that, knowing what happened to MH-370 is vital for the aviation i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about aviation:"
} |
Why is it that when it's a really cold night outside, the sky is so much clearer & crisper to see the stars more clearly? [Serious] | [
"The sky isn't clear because it's cold, it's cold because the sky is clear. Clouds act like a blanket that keep the warmth radiating from the earth's surface escaping into the upper atmosphere so easily. Without the clouds, the heat escapes. This is why deserts are usually freezing cold at night - no moisture for c... | [
"By \"the outside,\" my drunk self means being outdoors.. Everytime I step outside when I'm drunk, everything smells so much different. Cleaner, crisper, different."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why does our voice sound different in a recording than what we hear ? | [
"When you talk, you hear your voice both through vibrations in the air (which is the only thing that everyone else hears), as well as through vibrations in the bones of your skull (which only you can hear). A recording accurately recreates the part that everyone else hears (vibrations in the air)."
] | [
"Sound travels through your jaw bones to your ears when you speak, distorting how you sound when you hear yourself talking compared to how you actually sound."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Language and Communication:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Language and Communication:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Language and Communication:"
} |
What does an investment banker do? | [
"If you want to sell your house, you may decide to hire a mortgage broker to help you figure out how much your house is worth on the market and then show your house to potential buyers. If you want to buy a house, you may decide to hire a mortgage broker to show you different houses based on what you want and can a... | [
"What does the Pope handle on a day to day basis?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Who do bruises turn blue? | [
"> _Who_ do bruises turn blue? White people."
] | [
"People tell me that this happens to mine as well. Green eyes if I'm wearing green, brown otherwise."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is the difference between using < tables > or < div > in webpage layout? | [
"Web development has moved towards more semantic markup. In a super small nutshell its kind of like the idea of using the right tool for the job. A table is *supposed* to be for tabular data, not layout -- this is why it is generally not used for layout anymore. It doesn't make semantic sense to. In other words, if... | [
"Its not so much HTML5 that makes things so special but enhancements to the JavaScript and CSS3 supporting HTML5. HTML5 adds more tags making things like navigation bars, side links and content much easier to accomplish. Instead of typing < div id=\"nav\" > you can now just type < nav > and control the appearance ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
The difference between a coma and being unconscious. | [
"> In medicine, a coma (from the Greek κῶμα koma, meaning deep sleep) **is a state of unconsciousness:** > 1) lasting more than six hours in which > 2) a person cannot be awakened, > 3) fails to respond normally to painful stimuli, light, sound, > 4) lacks a normal sleep-wake cycle and > 5) does not initiate v... | [
"Normally a vegetative state is when the cognitive functions of your brain stop working, but your subconscious functions are still going (breathing, heart beating etc). That's controlled by your brain stem. You can be in a vegetative state and still appear to be conscious, however. Alternatively, you can be in a ve... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why aren't there any fruit-bearing plants that grow underwater? | [
"Fruit is there for the plant to spread its seeds through fruit eaters' feces. In water, the seeds would float away once pooped out, so cut out the middle man and go straight to floating away. Submarine fruits aren't evolutionary beneficial."
] | [
"Because they'll get a nasty sunburn otherwise. Shade loving plants are either small and sheltered by big trees or from perpetually foggy areas, so they didn't produce as much sun defense as plants from sunny areas do."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why does the Japanese language use so many English words, even in cases when you know they must have an equivalent word in their language? | [
"While Japan does have inherently Japanese words, what they're translating is a franchise name, not a word. Trying to be faithful to the original name does have its advantages: firstly it shows some respect for the country's culture and secondly it increases cultural diffusion, and thus, globalisation. Japan, as yo... | [
"A lot. You can rarely just directly translate a language from one into another. If there's an expression that doesn't translate then something else will have to be chosen to make up for it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
if there's a garbage island the size of Texas in the Pacific Ocean, why can't I find it on google maps? | [
"It's not an island in the typical sense of a chunk of land you can walk on. It's a region of the ocean with a larger than expected concentration of microscopic plastic particles. The existence of this \"island\" is a problem because of it's size and it's risk to ocean life, but you could only realize you were even... | [
"putting stuff into orbit and beyond is too expensive. Much cheaper to just put it in a hole in the ground."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why are male nipples fine to show, but females are taboo? | [
"It depends on the culture. You're assuming a Western (mainly U.S) focus. It's much less taboo in Europe, and even less so in other parts of the world. There's no real good answer beyond that. Culture doesn't really have to \"make sense\". A lot of it goes back to when showing any type of skin (even ankles! back in... | [
"When it comes to nudity, nothing makes sense. Once upon time it wasn't OK to show your ankles."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why is the divorce rate so high in the US? | [
"Who says it's high? It's high*er than it used to be* because nowadays we advocate divorce when relationships are abusive, dysfunctional, or unhappy. In the past, you were expected to stay married even they beat you, if they were a junkie, if they molested your kids, if you just weren't in love anymore and wanted t... | [
"There is no such thing as guilt by association in the USA."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Law and Entertainment:"
} |
Who invented the internet and how is it owned by nobody? | [
"The inventors of the internet are Robert Kahn and Vint Cerf. Internet is not a single thing. It is a set of thousands of other things. No one owns it. A nice analogy would be agriculture. No one owns agriculture, agriculture is a set of techniques. The parts of the internet are owned by various people and compan... | [
"For a long time, conspiracy theorists thought that this information was also accessible by the government. Turns out, they were right."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why do companies wait till the Super Bowl to make good commercials? | [
"I suppose the best time to invest a lot of money into the production of an ad is when it is guaranteed to be seen by many, and be talked about later on. And in order to have the ad stand out in front of the others, so that the investment in the spot was worthwhile, it has to be very good. It's an ad competition."
... | [
"These companies don't get prime placement (at the beginning of the show) By having something quirky, it makes them more memorable. I find myself saying their slogans in time after my favorite shows on Netflix. It's marketing/branding."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage about Advertising:"
} |
When we crave certain foods, is it because our body knows we need it? | [
"My brother is a pediatrician and says the same thing. Some caveats though: sugar and fat (and possibly salt) is so scarce in nature that we are hardwired to want it when it is available - which is not good in today's society. My brother does also refer to a theory that one of the reasons we have so many nutrition... | [
"A woman normally needs nutrients to fulfill her own body's requirements, but when she's pregnant, she needs to eat for herself and the baby. Her body (being amazing) will react to this in the form of cravings. Her body senses that it needs more of a certain substance and will have a particular craving for it. For ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What would happen if u aimed the barrels of two guns directly against each other and pulled the triggers at exactly the same time? | [
"How far apart are they? if they are a modest distance a part, the bullets would collide (assuming everything is identical between the guns and the ammo used) in the middle either causing them to fall where they impact or more likely ricochet in some unknown direction due to minor flaws in each. If the barrels are ... | [
"Let me answer your question with another question: if you tape a grenade to the back of someone's head and pull the pin, what happens to the front of their head? Same thing, more or less."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
The difference between Sunni and Shiite Muslims | [
"* Sunni believe that the first four successors(caliphs) rightfully took his place as the leaders of Muslim. They recognize the heirs of the four caliphs as legitimate religious leaders. * The Shiite believe that only the heirs of the fourth caliph as the legitimate successor of Mohammed. Basically, they are PO... | [
"There are plenty of \"denominations\" of Islam: _URL_0_ Thinking that there are only Sunni and Shia is sort of like thinking Christianity only has Catholic and Protestant."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are kids forced to take a plethora of subjects in highschool regardless of their future college or job prospects? | [
"Because going to school is about more than getting a job."
] | [
"I think you mean \"factors affecting students' academic performance\" right? Behavior is different than performance so the word behavior is kinda throwing me off. In the scientific world behavior is like: animal behavior under stress. Mating behavior. Territorial or aggressive behavior. Behavior is what physical t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Can exposure to extremely high levels of radiation cause immediate death? How? | [
"\"Yes, high enough acute doses can prevent neurons from firing correctly and lead to instant death. If you were to pull out a fuel assembly from a nuclear power plant and place it on the wall and run at it from 50 feet away. You will die before touching it.\" _URL_0_"
] | [
"Human could technically live there, but they would be prone to cancer and other ill effects from the radiation. Likewise, animals living in the irradiated region suffer from multiple health problems due to the radiation."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why are we asked to turn our phones and electronics off when taking off and landing a plane. | [
"Well everyone here appears to be a moron. The reason your phone needs to be off is because the flight crew doesn't want you to be distracted in case of emergency when they may need to tell you important information to, you know, not die. They just (used to) tell you the interference thing because airlines don't li... | [
"Planes are thoroughly inspected before every flight to ensure everything is ok. Do you inspect your car every day before your commute to work?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do diabetics who have hypos act aggressively? | [
"If you are healthy you might be sitting around at like a blood sugar reading of 80. Normal is after you haven't eaten for a while that might start to go to like 70, and you start to get hungry as it keeps dropping a little more maybe you get that sort of cranky, irritable \"hey, I am not dealing with any of this t... | [
"You should get your blood sugar levels checked. You could be pre-diabetic or hyperglycemic, if you're having that kind of reaction get it checked soon."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health and Wellness:"
} |
why haven’t we built passengers airplanes with no windows but screen walls on the inside? | [
"The ability for passengers to use natural light from the windows to evacuate in case of an emergency, and for emergency crews to be able to see inside the aircraft, would be lost with screens."
] | [
"It works in plane too....if you have an unobstructed view of the sky with at least 4 satellites. Given cramped space and metal ceilinge of typical airliner body this is 50/50 chance of working if you're in window seat. But if you do it on a private small plane with a big plastic window, it works just fine."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Technology:"
} |
So I've just begun Final Fantasy 13. I have never played any final fantasy games before. What on earth is going on? | [
"One important thing to know (if you don't already) is that all of the major versions (e.g. Final Fantasy 1-10, 12, 13) have independent stories that are completely different from each other. There are some common features like music, recurring characters (Cid, a bit different in each game), and things like rideabl... | [
"No, they're not all connected. Most of them are standalone stories, in fact. There are a handful of paired games, where the setting and sometimes characters are the same, but for the most part they're independent of each other. I think that accounts for a lot of their success, actually. There's always a new story,... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
In footage of nuclear explosions, what are the white vertical stripes? | [
"Those are rocket trails. Just before launch small rockets are launched which leave those plumes of white smoke as they go up. Scientists can watch how the plumes behave in the vicinity of the blast and get a nice visualization of how the air around the fireball is behaving. It is possible that the specks of white ... | [
"Traditional explosions that are powerful enough will create mushroom clouds! You can see this effect most distinctly in ground level footage of aircraft dropped bombs. (Edit: the first few seconds of this video show an aircraft dropped bomb and a mushroom cloud _URL_0_) The effects is because in an explosion the a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
how do contact lenses stick to your eyes? | [
"The surface tension of the liquid (mostly water) on your eye keeps them in place, but it doesn't really stop them from rotating. For most people - those without astigmatism - it doesn't really matter if it does rotate. Your eye is pretty much symmetric thought the center (from your pupil to the back). Astigmatism ... | [
"Because when you rub your eyes, presumably with your hands or fingers, you're putting dirt, oil, and germs into your eyes making them more irritated. Next time use something clean like a napkin or tissue."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and Physiology:"
} |
Why does United states and Japan have a good relationship now even after Hiroshima? | [
"Hiroshima was part of World War 2. After the war ended, Japan surrendered unconditionally, and the US basically came in and completely remade the Japanese state. This laid a new foundation for Japan's extraordinary growth through most of the rest of the 20th Century, and basically reset ties between the two countr... | [
"Was any Asian country capable of helping the United States during the revolutionary war?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If food is sanatized in an oven or any heating device at a certain temperature, why do we take so many precautions beforehand with germs and bacteria? | [
"Bacteria poop. Even if you kill all the bacteria & viruses (which you can't be sure of) the bacteria might release chemicals that aren't healthy. A great example is botulism - it's not the bacteria that make you sick, it's the toxins they release while they're reproducing that kill you."
] | [
"Food poisoning comes from the unrestrained reproduction of microbial life, mostly bacteria. This is also what mostly causes meat to decay. If you find some clever way to keep the bacteria from reproducing, through treatments that are inherently antibiotic or through freezing, then the meat remains safe to eat... ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How did us mammals evolve into having emotions and specifically love? | [
"Emotions evolved from communication. For example wolf who was able to bark when danger occured saved its pack members thus increasing it own chance of survival. Wolfs who didn't react / understand to react to danger more likely perished. I think love is more primitive thing. It is just feeling that one should mate... | [
"We have more empathy for creatures with high levels of awareness and intelligence. It is easier for us to see that they have emotions for us to empathize with."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What is the difference between a router and a modem? | [
"The modem is the device that converts input signals such as cable or land line phone signals from your ISP into digital data useable by a computer or similar device. A router is a device that manages the flow of data to multiple connected devices. So in your standard home, the outfacing connection (such as a cable... | [
"Portable WiFi hotspots use a cellular radio to access the Internet and a WiFi radio to form a local WiFi network. Is this the device you were asking about?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How can games on the same console have gradually better graphics all the time if it's the same hardware? Why don't they just make the graphics that good when the console first comes out? Is there a max to how good graphics can get on a console? | [
"Experience. Developers learn the ins and outs of the system. Each subsequent project builds on that knowledge. There are some amazing new Atari 2600 games being written now, for example, that would have blown minds in 1984. Each new console is usually so different from any other console or pc that it takes a while... | [
"Consoles are also built to meet a price point & their specs are cemented at the time they are released. The PS4 was released almost 2 years ago at a price of $400. PC's aren't limited that way. You can spend (nearly) as much as you want on one. You can also build them with the latest & greatest hardware. A $2000 P... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
"cannabis is killing my apetite, I only eat after smoking, other than that I could go days without eating at all. which ends up with me feeling very tired/sleepy" | [
"This isn't really an eli5 question. It probably isn't the weed \"killing\" your appetite when you don't smoke. It's just that marijuana stimulates your appetite when you *are* using it. I know a guy who has the exact same thing happen. Just doesn't eat really regularly if he doesn't take his medicine. Lack of app... | [
"I guess you have never been really hungry. Not an insult I just mean humans do the same thing its just we can just feed our selves or drink water or something to stop the hunger before it gets to that point. As a former homeless dude I have been that hungry you start to drool and it burns in your belly till you ju... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why is coming in under budget in the business world generally a bad thing? | [
"Because forecasts are done under a certain logic with many objectives dictating. The idea is that a budget is there for a reason, and if all budgets are used correctly, then your overall business goals as a company will be met. If you aren't using your entire budget, the idea is that you're not 'planting enough se... | [
"If, for example, you stood to make a lot of money should net neutrality fade, that's a perfectly rational reason."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why does entering *67 before your phone number block caller ID? What is the practical purpose of this? | [
"The practical purpose is to provide privacy for the calling party by blocking the display of their number on the recipients phone."
] | [
"Because the originator of the call isn't necessarily a customer of your phone company. The originator of the call may not even be in the same country as you. A phone company can't inspect and filter calls coming in from outside their system. Caller ID is created voluntarily by the calling phone. You can not send ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Who invented the ringing sound that is heard waiting for a person to pick up? | [
"That's the [ringback tone](_URL_0_) to indicate that a connection has been established and the phone you're calling is ringing. You can see the first people to patent it there, but that does not mean they were the first people to actually impement it. I tried to find when it was first used, but no luck."
] | [
"If the person answering isn't in the same studio there will be a delay while the signal from one studio is relayed to the other. You also want to make sure a talking head is done talking before you start answering."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The phenomenon of when you are trying to think of the name of an actor/actress or song lyric and can't in the moment, but after you stop thinking of the answer, it comes automatically at some random point. | [
"I think that there is a lot going on in your brain besides your conscious thinking process. It's as if your brain was two people. The conscious mind really wants to know the answer to a question and keeps asking and asking, and the other guy keeps saying \"I don't know.\" When the asker finally shuts up, then the ... | [
"I’m not an expert in this, but from what I know this is just a simple lapse in memory, something that is quite frequent with a lot of different things. I understand that it is a failure of the brain to recall a certain memory, kind of like someone not being able to find a specific file in a filing cabinet. It’s i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Language and cognition:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Language and cognition:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why aren't Democratic candidates proposing defense spending cuts? | [
"Politicians are terrified still (post 9/11 thing, but also kinda always) of being seen as soft on \"defense.\" Any proposed cuts to our military budget wil be portrayed as such, mostly by those pols who get lots of $$$ from military contractors, and the ever-compliant \"liberal\" media."
] | [
"A couple recent policy moves: * He has been pushing to raise the federal minimum wage to $10.10, from it's where it stands currently at $7.25. * He has imposed visa restrictions and economic sanctions on Russians \"who undermine democratic processes and institutions in Ukraine\". * On 3/4, he proposed his $3.9-tri... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Does CISPA violate the 4th amendment? | [
"That's currently up for debate, and I'm sure those who are more politically aware than I am could explain it better. Personally, I believe it is."
] | [
"They are a security department of the government. They have been taking all data communications online, as part of a program called PRISM. This violates the 4th amendment."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why is Obamacare/Affordable Care Act so harshly criticized? | [
"Some people are against the philosophy of it, i.e. having the government involved in their health. Others have practical issues with introducing a new bureaucracy to our ever-growing government/deficit. Others still have both philosophical and practical problems with many aspects of the act. And then some people j... | [
"No we don't. There are programs like Medicaid and Medicare for certain groups (seniors over 65 are eligible for Medicare, and Medicaid is usually used by Americans who are medically unable to work), and children are covered under their parents' insurance until age 26, but Americans not in one of those groups have ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
If a venomous snake is injected with its own venom into its bloodstream, what will happen? | [
"Depends on the snake. Many of them build up immunity in order to protect themselves in the case of an accidental bite."
] | [
"There are lots of things that if you were to inject them into your bloodstream you'd be harmed but that if you eat are easily destroyed by your stomach without doing notable or any harm. When a spider bites you it's straight to your blood."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
What is this "International law" that Obama and the US say Russia is breaking by annexing Crimea? | [
"Well if you want something specific, there's the 1994 Budapest Memorandum that the Ukraine and the nuclear powers of the world signed. One of the tenets was that the other nations, in exchange for Ukraine giving up their nuclear weapons, was to respect the sovereignty of Ukraine's territories and refrain from usin... | [
"It's not over yet. Russia now controls the Crimean Peninsula *de facto*, which means \"in fact\" (as opposed to *de jure*, which means \"in law\"). That basically means that the Russians are there taking over. Russia has also declared the Crimea to be a republic within the Russian Federation, and the city of Sevas... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does gigabit even matter? | [
"A home network is used for things other than downloading from the internet. If you copy files between two computers over the network or stream video, you'll be working at gigabit speeds. More importantly, if you're trying to copy files **and** stream video, you're sharing that gigabit between both jobs. It makes a... | [
"Why can't you? What type of internet do you have?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How did people deal with Asthama before we invented inhalers? | [
"Generally they died pretty young. If you have a bad enough attack with no way to treat it, you do what you can, but for the most part, there's not a whole lot they could do."
] | [
"Asthma medication for people that don't have asthma supposedly gives them better cardiovascular performance and lets their lungs breathe better. Doesn't make a difference in my experience though."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why are old recipes so vague? | [
"Recipes were vague for 3 reasons. 1. No standard measurements existed. 2. Ingredients were of widely variable quality and availability. 3. The people making them were expected to know how to cook. Modern recipes are mostly aimed at people who don't really know cooking that well, and are made simple enough that if ... | [
"Also, why are some people not ticklish at all?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
what's the difference between Subjective Vs. Objective? | [
"Subjective = opinion, not factual. Objective = factual and thus cannot be argued with. **Edit:** words"
] | [
"Bodily Kinaesthetic intelligence combined with Spatial intelligence. Sorry for the bland answer."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
ELI5: If someone is born Deaf and Blind, would they have dreams when sleeping? If so what would the dreams consist of: taste, smell, feeling something? Would be interesting to know. | [
"They dream, but only dream in their known senses. So like you said, a collage of smell, touch, feelings, ideas, etc. _URL_0_"
] | [
"If you're subtle enough to not wake the person up, yes you can absolutely affect their dreams. Even while you are asleep, many of your senses are still functional. Your ears for instance never really turn off. You still hear everything around you even while you sleep and what you hear will absolutely influence you... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Is drinking an orange juice the same as eating an orange from a nutritional point of view? | [
"No, orange juice lacks the nutritional fiber that whole fruit has. Fiber helps slow down sucrose absorption into your bloodstream. Because of this, drinking fruit juice increases blood sugar levels comparable to soda."
] | [
"\"Worse for you\" means different things for different people. Here are 2 ways of thinking of about based on your 2 drinks: 1. Amount of vitamins 2. Amount of sugar Juice and soda have about the same amount of sugar in them, but juice (in some cases) has more vitamins. If you consider something healthy that doesn'... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
The difference between horsepower and torque. | [
"Torque is the maximum work an engine can do. Horsepower is the maximum rate of work performed. Perhaps a way of illustrating the difference is by examples: * a very strong man who can bench press 300 lbs in 1 second (high torque low horsepower) * 100 much weaker people who can each only bench press 100 lbs but col... | [
"They want to show off their maximum power. The rotational speed that occurs at is not the same for every car."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why do we have over 18,000 unaffiliated police departments in the United States? Why isn't there a single government agency that unites them? | [
"There is a national police force, the FBI. But they only prosecute serious federal crimes. There are other agencies that have police powers such as the DEA, US Marshal, ATF, etc. but these are more specialized for specific federal laws. In most states depending on the size of a region, there is a local city police... | [
"Police departments enforce the law within city boundaries, Sheriffs enforce the law in the counties and usually run jails (police and sheriffs are local law enforcement). State trooper/highway patrol enforce state law across the entire state. FBI, Marshalls, DEA, etc enforce federal law anywhere in the country. Th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How are the stars always in the same spot in the sky? | [
"First, stars are really, really far away. So from our perspective it looks like they're in the same place every night... But that's not true. Over thousands of years, stars *do* change position even from our perspective. They have in the past and will in the future. It's just that these time scales are *vastly* lo... | [
"They could look up at the stars and see that they seemed to gradually rotate through a long cycle, regardless of how they thought it happened. When Earth is on one side of the sun the stars seen at night are different from those seen on the other side, so from that one can calculate the length of a year."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What bodily/survival function does crying fulfill? | [
"It may not have a hunter/gatherer purpose, but I'm quite confident it has a purpose. At the very least, as children, it's a way to signal to our parents that something is wrong. I don't know about you, but when I see someone cry, I feel bad for them and I want to help. Crying is a signal of emotional or physical d... | [
"your hypothalamus regulates your body & its needs (ex: body temperature, growth, thirst, etc.) One of the functions it also has is providing basic emotions in response to various stresses in life so that your body can go back to \"normal\". It makes your irritable when you're tired because it wants your body to ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about Biology:"
} |
What's the difference between kcal and kJ? | [
"About 4 1 Kcal = 4.1868 KJ or 1 cal = 4.1868 J Both Joule and calorie are different units measuring the same thing. like yards and meters. Joule is the SI (metric) measurement of energy while calories is an older unit also related to the SI-units but not part of it. The amount of energy in food is usually gi... | [
"They're a unit of energy. 1 calorie is the amount of energy required to heat up 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius at 1 atmosphere of pressure. Food calories are actually kilocalories which = 1000 calories. For Coke, they know how much sugar they put in so they can calculate the kcal from that (1g sugar = ~4 kcal... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does all the research suggest that cats are indifferent to humans when my cat is clearly very affectionate beyond his basic feline needs? | [
"Same here. When I'm upset, my cat comes sauntering up to me purring like a motorboat to comfort me. If I'm crying, he curls up next to me and wipes away my tears with his cheek. The purring is very soothing. If he didn't care about me, he wouldn't bother to do any of this. I think it just depends on the temperamen... | [
"Cats are solitary animals by nature. Sure, a domesticated cat will hang out with a person, but that's really because the person has taken the place of its mother and pretty much arrested the social development of the cat somewhat into the true solitary assholes that their nature makes them. Dogs, on the other hand... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why do some men gain weight all over while others gain it only on their belly? | [
"It's genetic. Your genes determine where your body places fat. There's other factors that get involved, mainly age and hormone levels, but beyond that, some folks just get fat all over, others just get fat in specific areas."
] | [
"Fat deposits vary from person to person and from source to source. A few of the hormones racing through your body affect the location of fat (cortisol directs it to the abdomen, for example) as well as your sex. (Women tend to have a 'donut' or bigger legs, men tend to have bigger bellies.) I don't know enough on ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why can't a computer program, program itself? | [
"Here's one reason (among many). Human languages are very imprecise. If you tell a computer program what sort of program you want just by speaking to it in your natural language, it could only have a very vague idea of what you want. It's hard enough to tell a human what program you want. You'd need a very advanced... | [
"Your question doesn't quite make sense. Are you referring to something specific? What makes you think that a computer is built for a specific programming language?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why when a crazy event the isps slowdown but when millions watch the superbowl the cable stream isn't effected? | [
"Cable broadcasts are one-way communication which just means copying a single data stream and sending it down a bunch of wires. Internet communication is two-way communication with each exchange being unique to the user. An analogy would be using a megaphone to give a message to 10,000 people, vs. holding an indivi... | [
"its basically forcing internet service provider companies to treat all internet sites and services as equals instead of picking and choosing or setting up impossible hurdles for whom they want , either for money or other stuff. like imagine you had watchflicks and could potentially make a lot of money but the ISP ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does the clock on my computer keep track of time and know the correct time even after it has been shut down? | [
"It has a [real-time clock](_URL_0_) chip which is powered by a battery (and, generally, the computer can check what time it is when it has a network connection to adjust that clock)."
] | [
"Depending on how high tech your microwave is, it might automatically account for daylight savings. So having the date would allow it to change without user intervention. At least, that would be what would make sense to me."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
what 'alternative rock' is. | [
"The easiest way of thinking of alternative rock is the \"none of the above option\". What genre is your rock band? [] Punk rock [] Funk rock [] Jazz rock ... etc. etc. [X] None of the above (alternative) Really this means that there really isn't any common style to alternative rock - although... | [
"> Surely the music that they are making parodies I havent heard this news, but parody is protect by fair use (USA), no matter how shitty it is."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why isn't Horse meat popular/eaten in America? | [
"European here (Dutch). Even though horsemeat is legal it is not as common here as pork, chicken or beef. Big supermarkets usually have thin smoked slices of it for sale, for on bread, but not steak. For that you'd have to go to a butcher. I personally know some people who don't like the idea of eating horse becaus... | [
"Can you clarify a specific region? Organ meats are still eaten very commonly throughout the world on just about every continent. Do you mean specifically in America? Western or Southern Europe?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How can dreams that seem lengthy, actually be only a few minutes? | [
"There is also the factor that the chemical released by your brain, dimethyltryptamine, or DMT, in more mild quantities when you dream is known for it's temporal dilation perceptual effect. The substance can be used recreationally, in concentrated form, where users have reported the sensation of being gone for year... | [
"Actually, you dream about the same amount every night (REM is your brain organizing your memories); it just depends on how much of the dream you remember. Memories are kept more often if they're important, vivid, or recent. Considering books are only successful if they satisfy both former characteristics, then you... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How do weekly awards like the ones I see for $5000 a week for life work? | [
"It's an annuity, which is kind of like a reverse loan. The contest has enough money to purchase an annuity, and when they have a winner, that's what they do. They will purchase it from a financial institution like a bank or insurance company. They pay them the money, and the institution uses the interest (and some... | [
"Daily doubles are often hidden in the larger amounts, they are not useful when you only have $500 to bet on. Also some categories want answers that aren't quite straight forward (like \"before and after\"), so contestants want to get the hang of it before forfeiting larger amount questions."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Where has all of the rubber missing from the tread of our billions of worn tires gone to over the years? | [
"Non-snarky answer - it ends up in the soil, the groundwater, the rivers, lakes and seas and from there up the food chain. Bon appetit!"
] | [
"Rubber is not very flexible, nowhere near enough to absorb bumps in the road, so the air helps cushion the ride (along with the suspension). In addition, a solid rubber tire would be expensive and a waste of rubber. Once the treads wore off you'd have to get new ones, wasting all the rubber underneath."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Automotive technology:"
} |
Why do shroom clouds form after a nuke hits the ground? | [
"It happens with any large enough explosion, not necessarily nuclear. The explosion pushes a lot of air out of the way, leaving a large, low-pressure zone filled with smoke. As air rushes back in from the sides, and hot air rises off the heated ground, the smoke cloud collapses into the \"cap\" of the mushroom. The... | [
"Those nuclear weapons weren't all detonated at the same time, which would put massive amount of dirt and debris into the atmosphere and block the sun, which causes the nuclear winter. Also, the nuclear weapons were of varying sizes, detonated in different areas of the world (including underground and under the oce... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why is sugar bad for me and what does it actually DO to our health? | [
"[This](_URL_2_) is the Long version. It's about 90 minutes [This](_URL_1_) and [this](_URL_0_) if TL:DL on the first. It's about 20 minutes."
] | [
"Your teacher is an idiot. Talk to a doctor about the best way to beat a type of cancer. That being said, a diet high in vegetables and low in red meat would lower your chances of getting cancer in the first place."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why are Netflix Original sitcoms not exactly 30 mintues? | [
"Netflix doesn't have their own studios. They finance and greenlight these new series, and as a result, they get the exclusive rights for a period of time to them -- pretty much the exact same way a traditional television network works. But after that time, the studio can sell the show to others, and most of their ... | [
"What about shows like Modern Family? The Goldbergs? You're remembering the 3-4 shows from 2 decades worth of programming that remain popular today 20-40 years later"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do ISPs charge for different levels of bandwidth while cell phone companies charge for different levels of data usage? | [
"because they can. back in the day, AOL network access was also charged by the kb of usage as well as online time. if cable/dsl providers could charge for the usage and still be competitive, they would gladly do it."
] | [
"You're right. It's a con. The communications companies are sending all that data, both internet and voice, over the same wires anyway in many cases. It's historically traditional to charge more for long-distance calls, so they can get away with it even though it doesn't make sense anymore. Just like how text messa... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Technology:"
} |
Why do genes want to reproduce? | [
"They don't \"care\" about anything at all. But if you have a gene that just tended to reproduce, an done that didn't, the one that didn't would die off and all you would have are genes that reproduce. This same principle goes all the way back to the stuff that floated around in oceans before \"genes\" even existed... | [
"Like every other living thing on the planet, their primary purpose is to make copies of themselves. Roaches exist because they're good at making more roaches."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do houses and estates get named? | [
"You decide to name it and then insist that everyone refer to it by that name. You can do the same if you want to. Whether others will go along with it is another matter of course."
] | [
"Interesting question and I have no answer. Just questions of my own. * What were property rights like during this period? * Was it more common for average people to just build their own home? * How would land disputes be resolved?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
If, say, a moon came too close to a planet, why does it get broken apart instead of colliding with the surface? | [
"Gravity. When you are dealing with planets and moons, gravity is huge. Gravity is stronger the closer the two bodies, the moon and the planet, get. When they get very close, then the forces on the parts of the moon nearest the planet are much greater than the parts further away. This tears the moon apart. If the m... | [
"It wouldn't be falling if it's headed for deep space. If you slowed the earth's orbital velocity relative to the sun, it would indeed start falling but into the sun. The oceans would vaporize and all life would die. Slow too much and the earth would eventually fall into and be vaporized by the sun. If you sped up ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why does it seem like bees are attracted to plastic children playgrounds? | [
"Probably because bees are attracted to bright coloured flowers, therefore also attracted the bright colours of the plastic."
] | [
"Your dog prefers the couch over the yard. Just as humans have preferences, so do animals. Same reason why some pesky birds may like to build nests in mailboxes as opposed to trees."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why is that families in the 1950's seemed to be more financially stable with only one parent working, while today many two income households are struggling to get by? | [
"People seem to be attacking just income here. So here's something to think about that relates directly to the first expense that you mentioned: a home. 1950: average sized home 983 sq ft 1970: average sized home 1700 sq ft 1990: average sized home 2080 sq ft 2004: average sized home 2349 sq ft"
] | [
"they may have retired, perhaps they are living on savings, or they could be from a dual income household, so they decided they'd rather stay home and take care of the house/children. all of the above are possible explanations"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What exactly happens in your body when you lose your voice? | [
"Your voice is created by two flaps of tissue in your throat called vocal folds. Their primary functions are keeping food out of your lungs, phonation (making noise), and increasing thoracic pressure for lifting/shitting. These flaps are very small; only as big as your pinky nail. When they become swollen through i... | [
"Your brain is telling your body to make room."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
why is a building like the Sagrada Familia taking so long to finish despite the availability of modern engineering techniques? | [
"Gaudi died, and then a fire and anarchists destroyed the plans and some models Gaudi had built. There's also that it's a really bizarre piece of architecture. Most of the problem is figuring out what it's supposed to look like. It's also currently in use, which probably places a limit on how fast work can be done.... | [
"buying materials, land, and machinery, hiring the labor and a major architecture firm to engineer the building, and there still has to be something left over for the developer to skim off the top."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why hotdogs called “hotdogs”? | [
"These immigrants brought not only sausages to America, but dachshund dogs. The name most likely began as a joke about the Germans' small, long, thin dogs. In fact, even Germans called the frankfurter a \"little-dog\" or \"dachshund\" sausage, thus linking the word \"dog\" to their popular concoction. Hot Dog Histo... | [
"Do you also cough when eating popsicles and frankfurters/hot dogs? If so, it might be your technique."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Language and Etymology:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about Language and Etymology:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why is paper white when trees are brown? | [
"The color of paper has to do with how it is processed at the plant and for what purpose. When wood arrives at a paper plant, it is first shredded up ahead of pulping. Pulping is a process by which wood is dissolved into goop and cooked until only wood pulp remains. For ordinary printer paper, this stage also inclu... | [
"Remember, if you're not sure about something, rub it against a piece of paper. If the paper turns clear, it's your window to weight gain!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
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