query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Do animals like snakes and spiders have personalities like cats and dogs? Do they form bonds with people as well? | [
"I have a snake (snow corn snake), and I'd say his personality is \"curious about everything\" and \"likes to curl up with heat sources like giant human bodies\" Other than that, he's pretty cold blooded."
] | [
"I work in animal research. Our culture is different in that we tend to prefer rats over mice any day. Rats are intelligent, affectionate, and act relatively civilized. We can cuddle with rats, pet them, and form human-pet connections with them. Mice on the other hand arent that different from insects in their beha... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why can't we land on the moon again? | [
"During the Apollo program, we used a type of spacecraft designed to land on the moon and return to the earth safely. After that program concluded, we moved to the shuttle program which had no landing module and was really just a spacecraft capable of low orbit and easy re-entry into earth. Since that's been decomm... | [
"We didn't get kicked out. Russia isn't letting us use their rockets anymore. There's a big difference."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why to the license plates in Washington DC say "Taxation without Representation?" | [
"because DC does not get to elect a congressman, an ironic juxtaposition to the fighters of the revolutionary war whose battle cry against England was \" No Taxation without Representation.\""
] | [
"> ELI5: The meaning behind \"Don't Tread on Me\" Pretty simple: It means don't trample on my rights."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Analogy for units of measuring, regarding electricity. | [
"If electricity is like flowing water... Voltage is water pressure Amperage is flow volume High voltage and low amperage (a static rug shock) is like a dental water pik. Can hurt locally but doesn't normally cause widespread damage. High amperage but low voltage (a bank of d-cell batteries in parallel) is like a f... | [
"It is a measurement regarding the ability to do work. Not a magical cloud."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do tax breaks for big businesses create jobs? | [
"The theory is that if you allow business to keep more of their profits, that increases the incentive to innovate and expand, therein creating jobs. The problem with this theory is companies only expand if demand for their product requires it. If you have two employees that create 50 widgets a piece and your busine... | [
"Money. It will decrease the net profit of many companies due to new regulations, and federal funding dollars will go to environmental causes and cut from others. The people complaining the most are the ones most affected."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Science:"
} |
Why when going on a low carb diet I start to crave carbs uncontrollably? Is it like a carbohydrate withdrawal? | [
"tl;dr Yes. Your body is very much used to take in carbs as (likely) your biggest energy source, in addition to that, carbs are the easiest-to-digest energy source that your body can handle (being already pretty close to the basic Glucose that the energy production needs). So the body is used to an easy way out of ... | [
"Withdrawal. Basically, without the alcohol their body starts acting up because it is so accustomed to alcohol being put in it. Think like if you have a nicotine craving or caffeine crash but way worse."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What are you supposed to do when an emergency vehicle passes you on the opposite side of the road? | [
"If there is a physical obstruction in the median (for example trees, bushes, dirt etc.) then you do not need to do anything but if it is just yellow lines or there is a big enough opening for them to cross onto your side of the road then you should pull over until they pass. This is so that if for example traffic ... | [
"Construction areas can be confusing, especially at night. People have a habit of following dump trucks off the pavement into the work area because the truck is well lit, visible, and moves like he knows where he needs to be. Source: I drive gravel trucks for a road crew in the summers"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does time slow down when speed increases? | [
"Time and space are things that we perceive separately, but are really the same thing. Everything in the universe moves at a constant speed, which is our speed through space plus our speed through time. Since that speed is constant, if you go faster through space, you must go slower through time, and vice-versa."
] | [
"Our current understanding of the universe says that you cannot travel faster then the speed of light. You might as well ask, if driving in reverse decreases the mileage on your car."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why has apple never updated their software to allow us to leave group texts? | [
"As a non-apple user, it drives me up a wall when apple users do group texts."
] | [
"it's simple, I shouldn't have to switch applications to check my messages. It's hard enough dealing with the unstable Facebook app. The fact they want us to use a second is absurd."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why isn't the situation of Nativa Americans in the US isn't a bigger deal in US media | [
"> it seems very racist that they are separeted from other americans and have(not sure if they are forced to, thats why I am asking) to live in reservations and cannot work normal jobs etc That's not the case. (At least, it hasn't been for a long time.) Reservations are just tracts of land owned by Native American ... | [
"You mean as in, why isn't it discussed more as a part of US History education?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
what is between air molecules? | [
"Keep saying \"empty space\" until he does get it, because that's the answer."
] | [
"its the direction of the cloud that originally formed the planets."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Science and Technology:"
} |
What is commonwealth? | [
"There are lots of different things with \"commonwealth\" in their name. If you mean *the* Commonwealth, you are probably thinking of the Commonwealth of Nations. The Commonwealth of Nations is sort of like a mini-UN made up mostly of countries formerly part of the British Empire (including the UK itself). Its a ve... | [
"Related: what happened to the similar but different term Lakonia?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do people consider the Wii U a failure? | [
"It released in 2012 and has shipped a little over 13M units. The PS4 launched 2013 and has shipped > 43M units. Even the Xbox One which launched 2013 has shipped > 20M units. Compare this to the original Wii which from 2006-2016 has sold > 101M units. Besides the fact that of units sold, the Wii U has a magnitud... | [
"Theoretically, but why would they? Metal Gear would be a bit pointless in reality."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Can a cellphone really survive a plane crash like the Germanwings? | [
"The G forces (acceleration) experienced are inversely proportional to how quickly you stop. Stop ten times faster; experience ten times the G forces. You drop your phone from 1 metre high on to concrete without some kind of soft casing and it will stop very quickly and experience 100s, if not 1000s of Gs, albeit f... | [
"You can hit the cockpit windows and blind pilots. Go get one of those green lasers in your eyes and try to land an aircraft."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why is Marilyn Monroe considered a role model? | [
"She was beautiful and famous. A lot of people want to be beautiful and famous. They are envious of people who are beautiful and famous. They wish they could be someone like Marilyn Monroe, who was beautiful and famous."
] | [
"John Wayne, Bea Arthur, Dennis Hopper, Bob Marley, H.P. Lovecraft, Babe Ruth, Farrah Fawcett... Are they not famous? That's just off the top of my head. I'm sure you can look up a list of celebrities who have died from cancer."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do countries like Ireland and Spain have free WiFi in many of their many populated cities, but places who claim to be on the cutting edge of technology, like the USA, do not offer as much. | [
"A large part of it is density. Western Europe has a very high population density...Europe has something like 750m-ish people and it's smaller in landmass then America. This makes it far easier to offer services like that or to implement mass transit...anything where a higher density makes the cost and effort worth... | [
"For one thing, it is pretty big. If there was a gold rush in South Dakota followed by a mass migration to Minnesota, we wouldn't be talking about one place being a magnet. But mostly it is a lot of little things: * the weather is nice * it is on the coast * lots of natural resources * good agricultural land * the ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
There may be a parallel universe moving backwards in time. | [
"What if WE are the ones going backward?"
] | [
"What we see is billions of years in the past."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about astronomy:"
} |
Why does the USA, despite being a highly developed country, has shitty,expensive and kind of abusive internet services? | [
"Because having consumer friendly businesses isn't the result of being a wealthy country, it's the result of well structured industries that align firms' incentives with their customers well being. The US cable industry has a bunch of firms that are capable of operating under monopolistic conditions and essentially... | [
"Have you ever heard someone complain about paying taxes or siding with the idea of smaller government - that's the reason. Government services in the US (except for the military) are woefully underfunded - which translates to understaffed, underpaid and unmotivated workforces - which translates to you waiting in l... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do spiders get their strands of silk sometimes 20 feet connecting high structures? Do they really walk one end that far across the ground? | [
"If it's a small spider, it can float across using the thermals to stay up. I'm not so sure about a larger spider, but the smaller ones will make a loop of web and use it as a parachute to get enough drag to be lifted by the small currents caused by sunlight"
] | [
"They are already laid, and stuck to the body of the fly. When the fly zooms in it attaches the eggs to some hair, it doesn't have to sit around trying to lay the egg right then and there."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
how an erupted vulcano can create new fertile soils | [
"Volcanos basically erupt new earth. Lava and magma are molten rock. This soil is rich in minerals from inside the earth, where no plants can reach, and where they can't be weathered away. It's like taking a big handful of moist, nutrient rich soil and plopping it down on top of the sandy, depleted soil that was on... | [
"The pacific ocean is a hotbed for volcanic activity. Under water volcano explodes, creates an island, plants and animals move in. Pretty neat"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is water necessary for life to be found? | [
"This depends on your definition of life. Water is quite unique. It can solve, and thus transport, many things like nutrients or minerals which is very important for cellular life. Also it's liquid at a temperature where there is a good mixture of reactive elements in solid, liquid and gaseous form. If we are expec... | [
"We don't. But if a planet's conditions resemble those of earth, then we can speculate that life *as we know it* may be present in such a situation."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about science:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about science:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about science:"
} |
Are U.S. military members outside of federal jursidiction? Are they only accountable to military jurisdiction? | [
"Military members aren't out of the jurisdiction of anything. They are subject to state law, federal law, local ordinance, whatever. Much of the time when they do military stuff it will be in a foreign country outside of local jurisdiction though."
] | [
"Countries like Canada and the US have treaties with one another that say what laws they will enforce against their own citizens that were violated against the other country. Technacally the person violated the treaty which is law. Edit: And it is not Canada that will prosecute the individual. They just agree to se... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does is my penis sometimes bigger and smaller with an erection? | [
"The lvl of arousal, as well as anything that changes the dilation of blood vessels. An example would be alcohol. It's my understanding that the combination of thinned blood and dilated blood vessels means the blood doesn't stay inside the penis as easily. Take a balloon, blow it up all the way and hold the end, i... | [
"It is actually very rare for a penis to be perfectly straight. But as long as there is no pain, it's not a big deal. The slight curve usually is a result of the tissue in one particular area growing slightly more or less rapidly than the other areas during puberty. How much of a bend are we talking here? Are you ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Who pays for credit card discounts, and how/why? | [
"There are a few different cases here. I've never seen a discount for using a specific credit card, so I'm going to specifically address credit card rewards - likely, discounts for using a specific credit card are similar, but have a smaller cost to the credit card company because it's also advertising/ a sale for ... | [
"They prefer low risk, which is what a good credit score indicates, and they still make money even if you pay all your bills in full. Every time you use your card, the merchant has to pay a fee. A portion goes to the network (Visa, etc.), though the biggest share goes to the issuing bank. As long as you keep using ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does you tongue get "stuck" to things that are frozen? | [
"The thing you are licking has to be so cold that it freezes the water on your tongue. If your spit freezes it freezes onto your tongue, and whatever you licked. Hence they are now connected forever, or dump warm water on it."
] | [
"It could be caused by a rough texture of the candy you are eating. Sour candy is often coated with sugary crystals which are rough, and if you rub that against your tongue, it can cause irritation or damage to the tongue. It isn't something that happens due to sourness in general. If it persists or is painful, see... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Dentistry:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Dentistry:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What caused the genetic makeup of people across different countries and cultures to be so different? (eg. average asians being shorter, europeans being of larger build, etc.) | [
"Isolation and adaptation to new environments mainly. As humans spread throughout the world they encountered all sorts of ecosystems that varied in everything (i.e. food type and quantity, temperature, water availability, exposure, altitude, predators, etc). Therefore they developed all sorts of unique traits to fa... | [
"Because Russia and somewhere like Japan are very different in genetic make up. Russians often have Slavic roots, so calling Russians \"Asian\" would not make all that much sense as they have more in common with Eastern European having slavic roots too. Not sure about India though."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do employees who are exceedingly good at their job get promoted into management? | [
"It's true that management requires a skillset that not everyone has. But at the same time, managing a group of people also (hopefully) requires that you understand the work that they do. Hiring a manager with \"management\" skills but no domain knowledge can be just as bad (or far worse) than promoting a domain ex... | [
"If someone is willing to hire them, why not? The problem with hiring an overqualified person, though, is that they likely will be unsatisfied with the amount they are paid, unsatisfied with the complexity of the work they do, constantly step on the toes of their superiors, and will most likely find a new job and/o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why do we brace before a hit ,even though it doesn’t seem to lessen injury. | [
"It does lessen injury though, and that's why we do it. When we flex our muscles in anticipation of an impact, they act as a kind of armor protecting our organs and bones and joints and stuff."
] | [
"Locking your knees causes issues with blood flow which in turn causes you to pass out. You don't lock your knees when you're laying down so it doesn't really apply."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Health and Wellness:"
} |
Why is cancer research so expensive? | [
"Cancer is not one disease, it is a huge variety of different diseases. People who study cancer and develop treatments are doctors (MD and PhD) who require a lot of expensive education. They are assisted by technicians that also have expensive educations. The lab equipment they use is very expensive. Tests of new t... | [
"More to the point: Why is dental work not considered to be medical work?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it socially acceptable to boil lobsters alive? | [
"Because when they are dead and left uncooked, they become poisonous and make humans sick"
] | [
"A propaganda film from the 1930's that basically said you'll go homicidally insane if you smoke weed even once"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How are countries with very small populations like Iceland and Greenland able to function? | [
"Iceland does have over 300.000 people. There is a lot of room for specialization. And with globalization you do not need all skills locally as you could hire foreigners to help you if you need help just like the US will hire some Icelandic people for their special skills. When a movie studio needs a strongman or a... | [
"There are only about 56,000 people in Greenland. It is probably excluded because the sample size would be too low to be worthwhile."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do humans see faces in every day objects? | [
"There's a huge chunk of the brain that's dedicated to facial recognition. Here's a neat experiment to confirm that. Sit down a couple of yards away from someone and look into just one of their eyes. Ask them which one. You'll get an accuracy rate of waaaay more than half, even though the total angle deflection of ... | [
"Your mind is trying to organize the sound so now it sounds like music in your head. Same as when you look at a cloud it takes the shape of something in your head or a speckled ceiling."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How come Sam's Club can sell gift cards for less than what they are worth? | [
"For the same reason the restaurant or business can offer a coupon. They're giving the club members a discount. It's not available to public, just members. It's essentially an up front coupon."
] | [
"There's usually anywhere from a $1-$5 surcharge for buying a gift card. Additionally, the vendors may sell the gift cards to the third party in bulk at a little less than face value."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How videogames recreate water physics? | [
"Mostly poorly. The best approaches use Macklin's [Position Based Fluid algorithm] (_URL_0_ ). It's computationally expensive, with thousands of splats needed in an area where non-water is handled with a few polygons."
] | [
"Game Developers have tried to make games realistic, but it turns out that doing so makes the game significantly less fun to play. So game developers nudge a lot of things away from reality to make them more fun. About the only place games are realistic these days are the gun models."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why do languages have homonyms? | [
"There are two ways for a single word to have multiple meanings: * One word branched off in the past and the connection between the different meanings is now secondary or obsolete. * Two different words converged on the same sound by coincidence. The word \"hard\" is an example of the first: It can mean strong/rigi... | [
"Mete, meat and meet are all pronounced the same way The short answer to your question is that the English language has as many exceptions as it has rules for spelling and pronunciation."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why isn't T-Mobile violating net neutrality? | [
"It absolutely is a violation of net neutrality. It's a textbook example of how to violate net neutrality. They're giving certain services to customers with different levels of access based on what they pay. I think your real question is, why are they being allowed to violate net neutrality and don't we have any la... | [
"Because your isp sucks and your government is too stupid to mandate net neutrality."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why do clouds have flat bottoms? | [
"Thats called cloud base. It's at the height where the air temperature and the dewpoint are the same ( means the air is saturated with water vapor and the vapor starts to condensate into water droplets )."
] | [
"Storm clouds are much taller than normal clouds, so they more effectively block the sun and appear much darker from underneath."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why can you feel it if someone has their finger between your eyes but they aren't touching you, even if your eyes are closed? | [
"First and foremost, some (most) people have thin blonde hairs running all over their body that you might not see but would still be touched. If the finger is genuinely not touching anything, it's body heat as Jimbobsammy said. The face is impressively sensitive, especially at close range."
] | [
"Its the pillow itself. put your ear as close to the pillow as you can without touching it, then touch it with your finger, you'll hear similar sounds."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Health and Physiology:"
} |
Motion sickness. Why do some people get sick reading books in cars while others do not? | [
"Motion sickness occurs when your eyes, which are fixated on the still book, say you're moving but your vestibular system (contributes to balance and senses motion) says you are not, logically because you are sitting still relative to the car. The likely reason why the individual vomits is because the body says 'Si... | [
"Some people can get motion sickness from certain games, especially if they play for a long time. I personally have never had this problem, but everyone is different. I can play games for hours with no issues whereas some people can barely even play for a few minutes."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why does lightning strike very precise points such as the end of a pole, yet takes a seemingly randomized zig-zag path to that point? | [
"On average, air is air. However, on a very small scale, there are pockets of low/high pressure, and low/high concentrations of all sorts of chemicals. You can see [in this incredible gif](_URL_1_) how \"tendrils\" of electricity are extended first. They travel through as low-resistance a path as they can find, and... | [
"This is a good one. I know that if you were to capture a landscape on film during a thunderstorm and in superslowmotion you'd be able to see tentacles of lightning coming out of the ground prior to the impact of the lightning. For all I know that could cause a static field. Im unsure about the ring if it's possibl... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If we extract oil from underground "reservoirs", why don't we dump toxic waste in them after they've been emptied? | [
"You've removed their seal. To access those reservoirs you had to drill a hole to them, which placed new stresses on the surrounding rocks and perhaps relieved others. Then you pumped the oil out, which removed a lot of the \"load bearing\" liquid (much like the water in a water bed) that held up the rock above th... | [
"When the water ends up in the oceans, it slows down the cycling a lot. Water in aquifers (the stores under the ground that we access when we use wells) and water on Earth's surface are the cheapest to use. We have been either polluting these (surface) or using them too fast for new water to filter in. We have also... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment about Environment:"
} |
How did no one see the collapse of the housing market in 2008? This is a reference to the movie: The Big Short. | [
"They did, but there is something called groupthink where everyone in a group like say economists all believe the same thing so dissenting voices are drowned out by the majority. For more on groupthink - _URL_0_"
] | [
"One of these is not like the others."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Economics:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Economics:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What keeps the government from shutting down websites? (WikiLeaks, etc) | [
"Usually with sites like Wikileaks or say the more often target Piratebay the servers are not in the US or other friendly nation so they cant just walk in and flip the switch. If they can manage to remove the site they often have mirrors and other servers ready to spin up and put it back online elswhere."
] | [
"The 'Deep Web' is the part of the Internet that doesn't show up on search engines and only accessible through things such as Tor. Mostly black market, drug deals, and child porn, but also has classified information that governments try to cover up (e.g. videos of soldiers bombing certain places.)"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What does frequent urination actually have to do the prostate? | [
"If the prostate gland is enlarged, it can press on the bladder. That pressure can irritate the bladder and result in frequent urination. This is a common issue for older men."
] | [
"You can also get the urge to pee as a stress response, so when that happens it does not match the amount of urine currently stored."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How come animals can sense, or pre-tell of natural disasters, but humans can't? | [
"In a nutshell, their senses are different than ours. A dog can hear sounds at much higher frequencies than humans can. Also, they're more sensitive to pressure changes which are good indicators of bad weather like storms and tornadoes."
] | [
"Same reason why we were so scared of lightnings and made up fierce deities to explain their existence. We are scared of imposing things that we don't understand. Dogs are no different."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why do we tend to chose whole numbers instead of fractions when we build something ? | [
"What's 5 + 5? Okay now what's 5.105 + 5.079? Which took longer?"
] | [
"Starting with just the counting numbers (1,2,3...), everything is easy But then subtraction comes along and people say, what happens when you take a bigger number from a smaller number? So we invent negative numbers. Then, later we start using division, it's mostly ok, but what happens when we divide two numbers t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is El Chapo (Joaquín Guzmán) being extradited to America? | [
"> Is the Mexican government afraid of him escaping again and are therefore sending him to a place where his criminal network can't help him escape? Exactly. He's already got out of the most secure prison they have once. So now he gets to go on trial in the US where he can be locked up someplace *really* secure."
] | [
"One was a celebrity who pleaded innocent. One was a terrorist who pleaded guilty."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What "is" soap and how does it clean? | [
"When you wash something using water what you are trying to do is get the dirt/oils to lose its grip on what you are washing by grabbing it with the water and rinsing it away. The problem is that water and oils like grabbing onto different types of things. You can imagine water being made up of the original Velcro ... | [
"Tough question, might as well ask: What is love?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Science:"
} |
Why do muscles get tired if holding a position too long but something like keeping our eyes open yields no fatigue? | [
"Muscles like the heart, in your diaphragm, or opening your eyelids have evolved to be used constantly. It does not make sense, form a resource perspective, to have all your muscles be that hardy and invulnerable to fatigue."
] | [
"Because you weren't moving and gripping things (at least not much) while you were asleep. So your muscles are colder and more stiff because of the lack of movement. However once you do start moving, and your muscles warm up, you'll be able to do things normally. This is the same reason as to why your legs or arms ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why do vitamins have a percentage of daily value in the thousands? Ex. 1000mg of Vitamin C is 1,666%. Aren't we wasting most of it? | [
"They don't stay in your system for just a day, but probably not for over 16 days. Also, those are just recommended daily values, your body may benefit from having more than the recommended daily dose of vitamin C."
] | [
"Take a look at the ingredients list. I bet you that what's happening is that the juice on the left has a lot less orange juice in it than the juice on the right. Apples provide about 4.6 mg of vitamin C per 100g; oranges provide 53.2 per 100g."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How do social networking sites earn money? | [
"We’re the product, not the customer. Facebook is providing us to the companies that pay to advertise on it."
] | [
"A company wants to earn as much money as possible, so they change their website, selection etc. to earn as much money as possible."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why is it considered immature to celebrate your birthday as an adult? | [
"Who says it is immature? No-one I know frowns on celebrating birthdays, and we're into our 40's/50's. Of course, they parties are not quite as boisterous as they used to be..."
] | [
"My opinion on this is that it is as common nowadays as it was two or three decades ago. But now its more accepted to speak about it. There is no stigma with going to the psychiatrist. Just my opinion."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
If you could get past the event horizon and survive, would it be really bright? | [
"X rays do not escape from within the event horizon either. The ones we see were never inside, but emitted from near the surface. To answer your question though, no, it would be pitch black. All the photons inside would be traveling towards the singularity, none would be traveling towards your eyes."
] | [
"Plan A was they get that big ole ark that NASA was headquartered in working and evacuate the population. But it required some sort of huge scientific breakthrough. Plan B is starting over with the frozen eggs. The singularity is the infinitely dense bit at the middle of the black hole. There is no 'finding' it. Th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
What is a constitution and why do some countries (such as the USA) have one, where as others (such as the UK) don't? | [
"A constitution is the top rule book in the land. What it does is lays out how the government will work and what it is allowed to do. e.g. the USA has a provission for free speech so the government can't make a law that goes aginst that. Generally constitutions are established when the country is. Australia and the... | [
"There are lots of different things with \"commonwealth\" in their name. If you mean *the* Commonwealth, you are probably thinking of the Commonwealth of Nations. The Commonwealth of Nations is sort of like a mini-UN made up mostly of countries formerly part of the British Empire (including the UK itself). Its a ve... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What would it take to successfully sue for copyright infringement in China? | [
"Have an \"in\" with a prominent Party member."
] | [
"Taking photos, images, etc. that are not yours and passing them as your own is plagiarism. Selling photos/images/etc that are not yours is copyright infringement. Technically, anything you produce is copywritten at the time of production, even if it is never published. Whoever took the photos has a pretty rock sol... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Will body implants (breast implants, lip fillers etc...) cause the skin in that area to be slightly looser/stretched than before? | [
"It depends on the size of the implant/filler. Skin is somewhat elastic and over time will grow to accommodate the implant but if you go too big too quickly then it can damage the connective tissue and leave stretch marks."
] | [
"There are number of reasons cigarettes make people look older but a major reason is that smoking causes your blood vessels to constrict. That decreases the blood supply (and the nutrients the blood carries) to all of your organs, including the largest one: your skin. The proteins like collagen and elastin that reg... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
When a new currency enters the global market, how is it decided how much it's worth? | [
"Yes, they could. What you're describing is called \"pegging\", which is when a country \"pegs\" their currency to another at a fixed rate. Many countries do this for various reasons, they usually peg to the American Dollar, Euro, Pound, or another major currency. The other way to do this is through the free market... | [
"Allowing a currency to \"float\" is to allow the exchange rate of the currency to change depending on the currency exchange market. People can buy and sell at different prices so the demand for the currency will determine the rate at which it is exchanged. This is in contrast to a \"fixed\" currency which has a va... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What does the term 'adjusted for inflation' mean when talking about money over a time period? | [
"Inflation is a way to measure how much prices increase by over time. Therefore, if annual inflation is 2%, something that cost you £1 a year ago will cost you £1.02 today. That means that your money won't go as far in the future. 'Adjusted for inflation' figures take it into account, so that you can compare money... | [
"Some of it is because your purchasing power is relative to the cost of living where you are."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Finance:"
} |
How come when you "delete" something on a computer it's not really gone and people can still find it. | [
"This is why deleting is fast but installing takes forever. When you delete or Uninstall something, very little is actually changing. Your hard drive just marks the section that contained your data as \"free space\". The actual data still sits there, but when you install something else, it might overwrite part of... | [
"No where. Most of the time when you delete a file it isn't even deleted. You are just telling the computer \"this is now space you can use\", so next time you add a file it might write over the deleted file. And when that happens the file is truly gone."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do we know there are electrons protons and neutrons? | [
"Well we can see individual atoms and molecules with certain forms of microscopy. _URL_0_ We've also smashed atoms in particle accelerators and measured what atoms are made of when they break up with very complicated detectors. Certain patterns have emerged, which lead to the idea that atoms are composed of three ... | [
"A subatomic particle is just any particle that is smaller than an atom. Protons, neutrons, electrons, etc."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Physics:"
} |
since many YouTube ads can be skipped after five seconds, why are advertiser's not tailoring thier ads to this limit? | [
"Many times, ad producers don't make a youtube-specific ad, instead using the same ad across multiple platforms. However, some ad producers have made specific ads for youtube, usually using some strategy to convince the viewer to not press the skip button. GEICO has been one such advertiser."
] | [
"With videos you can select preffered audience and target demographics better. Also facebook has reported 135% increase on clicks on videos versus pics advertising webpages so it might be people thinking they are gaming the system and not understanding why they are clicked on more. If anyone has a better answer lis... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Would a drop of water in an infinitely long tube be able to reach terminal velocity? Or would it just keep splitting? | [
"Both! First you would get a drop like, say, a raindrop, which is traveling at terminal velocity. Raindrops falling from the sky are typically hitting the ground at terminal velocity. Then the drop in your magic infinite tube would continue going along at terminal velocity leaving a trail of water vapor behind it... | [
"In short, no. You would slow down from air resistance, and the rotation of the Earth would cause you to hit the walls of the hole as you fall. Every bit of energy you lose to one of those sources would mean that you wouldn't get as close to ground level on the next pass. Eventually you would stop."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about writing:"
} |
What causes pins and needles? | [
"It's caused by compressing a nerve. When compressed the nerve can no longer communicate with your brain and you'll lose feeling. Search the term: Paresthesia."
] | [
"You have nerves in your body that send signals to different parts to work-- specifically muscles. They begin from your spinal cord, branch, and extend all the way to your fingers and toes. Your arm or leg falls asleep when pressure is placed on the nerve or when blood is cut off from supplying the nerve. The effec... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why are people so unwilling to believe politicians can change their viewpoints on things over time? | [
"It is not unbelievable a person can change their viewpoints. It is not frequent, but it happens. It is far more believable that a politician will cynically adopt whatever viewpoints will get them elected. People don't want their elected officials to change their viewpoint on the things they find important, so hist... | [
"Motives and intentions of both parties is to get - and stay - elected. Everything beyond that gets very fuzzy - both parties have flipflopped their position on issues dependent on what the popular stance is, both parties have criticized the other for something that they do themselves to look better in the eyes of ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why don't negatively charged electrons just "fall" into the positively charged nucleus instead of hovering around it? | [
"As mentioned, the answer for this cannot really be explained in simple terms, as it deals with quantum mechanics, and things at the quantum level do not behave in ways that we find intuitive. But I thought I'd mention that, in certain circumstances, and electron *can* fall into the nucleus. This is called [electro... | [
"There are several ways. The easiest is an incandescent light bulb. The electrons are forced through a thin wire. They bump into the electrons of the atoms in the wire, giving them energy. Add enough energy and the metal gets really hot. When it's hot enough, the electrons have to occupy orbitals that are farther f... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What DJs such as Avicii, deadmau5, etc are doing on stage at festivals. | [
"First off, there is a major difference between DJs and producers like the ones you listed. Deadmau5 has many videos of him during production, and there is a video out there of Armen Van Buren step by step telling the camera everything he is doing while performing. Deadmau5 has his whole setup playing the song live... | [
"When DJ's go back to back they are taking turns playing songs. So they have a giant library of songs saved on their computer or on their CDJs. DJ 1 picks the first song, DJ 2 then has to figure out what song they want to play next and they handle the transition and mixing. Then DJ 1 comes up again and picks the tu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is it so hard for me to remember a lot of my dreams? | [
"Because your brain does not see the use in keeping memories of them. You can train yourself to remember dreams by keeping a dream journal or writing things down as soon as you wake. Many people who lucid dream do this."
] | [
"As someone who has been bedridden for the past 2 days, I would love to know the answer to this."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How are all of these big cloud services being hacked so easily? | [
"The hackers likely used brute force password software which guesses10's of thousands of passwords just like what you see in movies and videogames. The catch is that they need the username which they likely got by stealing 1 celeb who had others and they just kept getting usernames and then using the brute force pa... | [
"If I can ask a follow-up: How did these companies respond to being targeted?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
what causes "old people" smell? | [
"The biological explanation for old-person smell isn’t clear, but the researchers note that human body odors “originate from a complex interaction between skin gland secretions and bacterial activity, and skin gland composition and secretion change in an age-dependent manner throughout development.”"
] | [
"in all seriousness, maybe dogs don't like the smell of our breath."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Meaning of "Cognition" | [
"The short answer is that it means \"thinking\". The slightly longer answer is that it means *learning* - the act of taking in, cataloguing and sorting information so that you can use it later. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, for instance, is a pretty common technique for managing things like depression and anxiety ... | [
"_URL_0_ It says here: Base 21, Mios Woendi, Biak Mios Woendi on wiki: _URL_1_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
please, the different defensive formations in American football. I'm listening to sports talk radio, and they just mentioned that this one guy would be used in nickel packages. I'm a football fan, but I just don't understand what these mean. | [
"A nickel defense is used when the defense expects the offense to pass--when the team on offense has to get a lot of yardage, or perhaps is behind and needs to score quickly. A nickel defense uses five (hence the name) defensive backs--that is, players who play well back to cover receivers from the offense coming ... | [
"This isn't much of an explanation, but I'd like to point out that I'm a Canadian who reads the news multiple times a day and I haven't heard about this at all."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is currency from certain US Mints worth more than others? | [
"Assuming you're talking about collector's value and not face value, it's because fewer of that specific type of coin were printed in that specific mint."
] | [
"One reason why they aren't used more commonly could be because they are seen as more of a collectible than a piece of circulating currency. Due to this, people have begun hoarding $2 bills more often than using them. (me included)"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do toilets at home have a seat that is completed, but Comercial toilets usually are horseshoe shaped? | [
"For dudes. Guys rarely lift the seat in public bathrooms and that little space that's open is where the majority of piss would dribble onto."
] | [
"The Pool of water reduces odour from excrement. but the majority of American toilets use what's called the \"syphon method\" which requires a narrow \"trap way\" but this can and often does cause the toilet to clog easily. European toilets require more use of the toilet brush to clean the bowl due to lack of water... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why is it so hard to duplicate the taste or resteraunt food? | [
"Not sure, but I know 2 things that might actually impact the dishes: 1 - restaurants often use *way* more fats/sugars than you'd use at home. 2 - the ingredients aren't necessarily the same/the same quality Restaurant suppliers tend to have better quality ingredients for some dairy (e.g., thicker cream), meats, a... | [
"Highly controlled food quality, highly controlled cooking process, highly controlled preparation. That's one of their big selling points as a restaurant. It doesn't matter where you go... the food is the same. Not necessarily good (for you or otherwise) but its the same. A safe bet if you are new to the area."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What really happens after I call or write to my Representative and Senators about a bill? | [
"The communications department at your senator/congressman's office tabulates your opinion. The politician sees statistics describing the opinion flow from constituents. Sometimes staff pulls out a couple of representative sample letters on each side for the boss to read."
] | [
"Voting record! All Congressional votes are public, so you can see what he voted for or against in the past. Are there any bills you feel strongly about? Look them up!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why British domain names end with ._URL_0_ instead of simply .uk? It seems redundant and extremely stupid. The same goes for ._URL_1_ | [
"All countries except the USA have a domain country classification so if you don't see a country it is a USA company or a multinational website that is using the American domain as a home domain. The .co is for company as opposed to .org organisation or .gov government etc."
] | [
".com stands for commercial. It's not a US specific thing. A company in the UK for example will register both _URL_2_ and _URL_3_, even if they don't operate in the US."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Technology:"
} |
What is the importance of really large prime numbers, what sort of applications do they aid? | [
"*Really* large prime numbers, the ones that set records, have no practical purpose, except perhaps testing computer software and refining distributed computing techniques. Large prime numbers, like in the hundred digit range, are used in a popular encryption scheme called RSA. It takes advantage of the fact that i... | [
"Mathematicians don't need a reason to research new areas of math other than it's interesting. If there's a practical application, that's fine, but it's a secondary concern when dealing with pure mathematics. After you've got the math figured out, it allows somebody to come along later & figure out if it actually a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Mathematics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Mathematics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What is the reasoning behind lifetime salaries for congress? | [
"Historically, one tactic to keep the wealthy in control ways to pay no salary for public offices. That way, the poor couldn't afford to serve, and the rich stayed in power. So while we sometimes think of congress as money grubbing scumbags, that might be a better alternative than having the few middle class congre... | [
"Not much. Individuals are weighed on their own merits. After all, congress is also involved in the appointment of Supreme Court justices."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is a muscle knot and what does it look like under the skin? | [
"A muscle knot is a long, involuntary muscle contraction in a region of a muscle. Part of why they hurt is that they are tugging on the muscle fibers on either end of the knot, which are NOT contracting, and so stretching or tearing them (little tears, usually, nothing permanent). Knots arise for a lot of reasons: ... | [
"It has various uses and benefits. - It can help to stabilize a loose knee joint. - It can reduce sagging if you have big boobs or are overweight. - It can prevent blood build-up in your legs if you are required to sit still for a long time or have circulatory problems."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why were prehistoric dinosaurs mean and scary looking but animals today are cute and cuddly? | [
"Read [this answer from Quora](_URL_0_). Tl;dr: Most dinosaurs probably didn't look mean and scary. The problem is that we don't have any actual pictures of them, so we have to figure out how they looked from their skeletons, and the way that we do this makes them look as scary as possible. (For instance, you know ... | [
"I believe it's because the mostly cute, cuddly animals are mammals. They're more like ourselves than snakes or lizards, etc. Also, because mammals are warm blooded they actually _like_ to cuddle (in general) because that's what mammalian mothers do with their own off-spring. Plus, they're just so damn cute!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do pain relief drugs like Advil and Tylenol work? | [
"There are things in your body called pain receptors. When you're in pain, these receptors are getting activated. What these drugs do is basically binding to these receptors and deactivating them, relieving the pain. Some drugs also relax your muscles since tense muscles are a cause of many headaches and pains."
] | [
"They both function a bit differently, but essentially, here are some key points: Paracetamol/Tylenol: More effective at reducing headaches, more difficult for liver to process when taken in large amounts, fever reducer, more of a pure pain killer Ibuprofen/Advil: More effective at reducing inflammation/general ach... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does a computer zip files? | [
"A) Most information is redundant. Most information is redundant. ------------------------------------------- B) 2x Most information is redundant. Note how B contains the same message but takes up less space."
] | [
"You CAN actually. Good luck figuring out how to get the OS on there though."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:"
} |
Why do we feel the movement of a car, such as turning and slowing down, more than we feel the movements and changes of speed in an airplane? | [
"It is the same. Commercial airliners just don't make relatively hard maneuvers in most cases, so it's like someone making gentle turns or more slowly changing speed. Fighter jets, on the other hand, can produce a *lot* more g-forces than cars do."
] | [
"The motion of your body is mismatched with the motion your eyes see, as a result, the brain becomes convinced that balance is being lost. Either through sheer intolerance of the mental trauma or as a defense mechanism against the primitive brain thinking it's been poisoned, vomiting may ensue. In my case, it's sud... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do hands have lines on them? | [
"It's where your palms bend. If the skin was tight, my guess is that it would snap when you made certain movements with your hand."
] | [
"Why are noses different in size, why are people different heights, why do we have different hair colors?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:"
} |
If you're terminated from your job, how do you go about collecting unemployment? How do you know if you're eligible for it? (Michigan) | [
"[File an Unemployment Claim Online](_URL_0_). Your employer has the ability to try to deny your claim if they feel you were fired for cause. If they try, you'll have to talk to someone at the UE office on how to proceed."
] | [
"The laws/rules vary from place to place, but generally, no, you don't have to pay unemployment back. The money comes from taxes or insurance rates paid by your employer. In most places, you become eligible for unemployment after getting terminated or laid off without fault. For example, you'd be eligible if you go... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why don't planes (mostly airliners) ever fly in a straight line? The flight path is always an arc be it East/West or North/South | [
"Yeah, it's a map projection issue. When you project a globe onto a flat map, some features will always get distorted. Different projections differ in what gets distorted, more on that here: _URL_0_ More to the point, lets look at [this route from London to Seattle.](_URL_1_) Looks like a big arc, right? Well if yo... | [
"Jet stream The jet stream is a channel of very high speed air that circles the globe. In the northern hemisphere it blows from west to east, flying into it can significantly slow a plane down, flying with it can significantly speed it up Look at the flight path the planes are taking. The one going to Japan is like... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
What is the difference between the Lobby system in the US, and corruption? | [
"Lobbying is ensuring a politician knows your side of the argument. Corruption is paying money for their vote. It does become a grey area when such things as meals and trips are provided to ensure a politician is fully informed and these are paid for by the lobbyist. Or if a politician asks about positions which ma... | [
"The fee pays to provide the service for free calls without paid service. Edit: More of an explanation."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Telecommunications:"
} |
Why are EMT's paid so poorly when their jobs are so important and demanding? | [
"The training for entry-level EMTs isn't high, and there are a lot of them out there. Because the pool of labor is large, and there isn't a high barrier of entry, companies can pay them little money. Paramedics, or those with high levels of training can make A LOT more."
] | [
"Two factors that contribute to high incomes are 1). Not many people can do what the job requires, and 2). Not many people are willing to do what the job requires. While it may be unpleasant or dangerous, it's not unpleasant or dangerous enough that others can't/aren't willing to do that job for the current going w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Braco and his Gazing. I'm confused as to what this is | [
"For those who don't know what this is (like me), I assume op means this: _URL_0_ As for what it is: it is nonsense, like every other faith healer (yes, I'm including even any beneficial effects because of the placebo effect under nonsense in this case)."
] | [
"The fact that it's got your attention shows that it works. What's more, it hasn't just got your attention, it's got you starting a discussion on an international website! That's pretty effective advertising if you ask me!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
What is a Palestinian and what is an Israeli and if they really "exist" (Follow up from Newt Gingrich) | [
"All nationalities are \"invented\"; if arbitrarily lines on the map had been drawn differently, the nationalities we have today could easily be much different. So yes, the Palestinian identity was invented, but this isn't at all important."
] | [
"If there is an answer to this question, it will change with time. I think jihadi groups, in the Middle East and elsewhere in the Muslim world, are too complicated to be described in a paragraph. I recommend Juan Cole's web site for Middle East centered news and analysis. For example : Is al-Zawahiri’s oath to Tali... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why can't we use our eyes independently of each other? | [
"Because you would lose depth perception. Your brain needs images from both in order to figure out how far away things are, so you're hard-wired to move both in sync. Some species, such as chameleons, actually can move them independently, but still bring them back focused on the same point before hunting."
] | [
"Are you sure this is a real phenomenon? It was my understanding that people are simply trying to remove a distraction so they can pay better attention."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are states opposing Obama's Clean Power Plan? | [
"I live in Montana, and here in Montana (and our neighboring Wyoming), a lot of people make their living off of coal mining. Our leadership, therefore, are afraid of upsetting their constituents by banning the thing that makes money for those constituents. For better or worse (definitely worse!), our state economy ... | [
"Bernie wants to: Tie up tax loopholes that favor the rich. Have a universal health care system. Expand the middle class. Make state colleges more affordable."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Are bees in danger? What does that mean to us? What are actions that an everyday person could do to help? | [
"Bee populations are in decline as can be seen in [this](_URL_0_) data from the USDA. This is a big deal because bees pollinate many billions of dollars worth of agricultural goods for free each year. Their economic value is massive to the agricultural sector. There are several reasons why bee populations have been... | [
"Who's gonna do it? And who's gonna feed those who do it? Some organizations do plant trees to better the ecosystem, but they need to get money one way or the other."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
in the case of a heart transplant, how does the nervous system reconnect to the organ? | [
"The heart keeps itself pumping. Don't you watch those movies where a beating heart is clutched in a hand outside the body? Yes, the autonomic nervous system will cue the heart to beat faster. But it chugs along on its on too."
] | [
"It is because your nerves that send the signals to the different parts of brain and the nerves that receive information from the ear lobes and other senses are connected. Think of it as reverse processing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How did humans come to agree upon the meanings of words? | [
"> How the hell does a large group of people come together and decide that this sound means that? Simply put, they dont. It starts like this one guys sitting around a fire and points at a rock and says \"Rock\" The other guy figures out what he means and also starts using the same word. Other people in other places... | [
"We have no way of answering this because names existed prior to writing and prior to any known history."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Were people aware that the government was recording everyone’s information before Edward Snowden or was it just a conspiracy theory? | [
"Pieces of the puzzle were known, but Snowden tied a lot of it together. It really started coming to light in 2006 when it was discovered that the NSA had connected into AT & T's fiber backbone with AT & T complicit support. The FSF sued over this. Prior to that, Five Eyes wasn't exactly a secret program and people... | [
"Redditors like the idea of someone bucking authority and 'fighting against the man.' In reality, Snowden's leaks revealed information that most people knew or assumed was going on anyway (I mean, it's all there in the laws authorizing it), so it didn't have a big impact."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
what exactly is "Identity Politics" and how is it a bad thing for American Government? | [
"People feel like focusing on a person's appearance confuses folks and obscures the substance of their arguments. i.e While we worried if the thief was a man or woman, they took our cake."
] | [
"Being a liberal I am disturbed by this level of self censorship. It almost seems like we are setting ourselves up for a future environment in which Fascism is OK as long as it is politically correct. This is not liberalism at all, it is adherence to a doctrine that is not at all liberal. Edit: Maybe fascism wasn'... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why were governor Christie's chances of presidency were ruined by bridgegate scandal, while Hillary Clinton remains a strong candidate after Benghazi? | [
"Benghazi was a tragedy, but the investigation(s) did not show any wrongdoing on the part of the administration."
] | [
"because basically the election comes down to a man that has no governing experience, has no knowledge of the founding documents of this country or how the government works and the other choice is an old corrupt and possibly criminal women who has enough skeletons in her closet to make Stephen king piss himself and... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How is Linux more "stable" than other OS's? | [
"Imagine you have 3 bags of treats. One is Oreos (Apple OSX), the other is Skittles (Windows), and finally Nutella (Linux). All of these treats are absolutely delicious. With Oreos, it is what you get. Simple and clean, what you see is what you eat. With Skittles they come in different colors, but ultimately are th... | [
"There are more than those 3 operating systems: examples are the three you listed, Unix and BSD. Unix is the grandfather of operating systems. BSD, Linux and Mac OS are all Unix-like OS'. Linux is an operating system (like Windows), but the main difference between Linux and Windows or Mac OS is that most Linux sys... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about technology:"
} |
What physically happens in your brain when you forget something? | [
"If you can't recall something, then for some reason you can't connect the neurones that hold parts of that memory together, usually because other pathways are opening up and blocking it. But really we don't have a clear understanding of how memory works."
] | [
"A lot of nerves in your ear canal link to most of your body. Tickling them makes your blood pressure drop and thus leads to pleasure. At least that's what I read. Correct me if I'm wrong."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and wellness:"
} |
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