query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
In theory, could we take a person and keep replacing their old/failing organs and effectively make them immortal? Why not? | [
"Ahoy, fellow redditor. Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: Why can't you live for ever if you replace organs when they start to fail. ](_URL_1_) ^(_27 comments_) 1. [ELI5: If dying of old age is not an actual cause of death then could one live indefinitely(not immortal) provided t... | [
"In theory, yes. Are we that advanced? I'm not sure but I'm pretty confident we aren't there yet However, instead of altering their genetic code to naturally grow one I do believe we have the power to implant a horn 'seed' of sorts and make one grow that way"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
If most PC games are made with existing and heavily optimized engine (Unreal, Crytek, etc.), why lot of them are having huge FPS issues and needs patches? | [
"The engine is only part of it. The engine itself may be well optimized, but the game that's built on top of it might not be. For example the engine might be efficient at rendering things, but if the game level is full of a huge amount of objects which have an unnecessarily high amount of detail it will probably ru... | [
"> do the devs just constantly rework or update the graphics of their game? No, they develop with the idea of what kind of graphics that will be possible in that time. When it comes to 3D models; they are made at the \"highest\" quality and then reworked to \"lower\" quality a game can support. You can do this your... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about videogame development:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about videogame development:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about videogame development:"
} |
How did pharmacies like CVS and Walgreens get in the season items business (Halloween costumes, Christmas lights, Beach chairs, etc.) When did the practice start? | [
"My answer isn't limited to why these stores have \"seasonal\" items, it applies to why they have all kinds of non-pharmacy items. Some states have \"blue laws,\" which regulate what kinds of stores are allowed to be open on sundays and holidays. Obviously, pharmacies tend to be exempt from those laws because it's ... | [
"Amazon. There is simply no way for them to compete with online shopping. It’s happening to all the brick and mortar stores, but especially ones like toy stores where you don’t really need to see the product before you buy it. Edit: Source: I’m the uncle for several nieces and nephews. I have yet to step into a to... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does Kickstarter prevent fraud? | [
"But if you need 16 grand for your project, and you get 15 and put in the last grand yourself, thats effectively the same as having just set the bar at 15. I mean the bar is totally arbitrary, its just the point where you defined \"yeah thats enough money to do this\" if you decide 15 grand is enough and you can st... | [
"Because most legitimate advertisers don't want to be associated with porn sites."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Depending on the length of the show/movie, how does one know how long to make a script? How many pages of script would a 30 min episode show be? How does the writer know? | [
"The standard font and font size that is utilized by the script writers (Courier 12 pt. Single spaced if I recall correctly) has the text density such that a single 8.5x11 sheet of paper will take approximately one minute to recite. So a show that is meant to last for a half-hour block will be approximately 22 page... | [
"The Courier New Font spaces uniformly just like a typewriter font, not proportionally like modern computer fonts and the fonts used in printing. This is important, because teleplays (and screenplays too, I think) work out to about 1 minute of airtime per script page. This helps to guide the writer (and the story e... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can a 9 year old child complete enough schoolwork, that they can then legitimately enroll in college? | [
"For these prodigy kids, they aren't going to school and sitting in class like most students. They have a private tutor and a custom curriculum to progress academically at an accelerated rate. As long as they can demonstrate that they understand the required material to pass a GED test, they'll be academically elig... | [
"Because the college decided that in order to give you that degree you have to meet certain standards. You can almost always view those standards before you go to the college. You can probably find a college which doesn't require that if you looked into it. They do it because they consider a well rounded person bet... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
What happens when someone gets their neck snapped action movie style? Do they die or are they just paralyzed? | [
"It depends on where it's snapped. Lower down on the neck could result in quadruplegia, higher up towards the brain stem results in paralysis that includes the lungs. It's not a very nice death, you are suddenly trapped in your own skin, unable to breathe, and you get to feel yourself die over a period of several m... | [
"I get sleep paralysis every once in a while. Nothing works except waiting a minute or two. Unfortunately those few minutes are a nightmare because you start wondering if you're actually paralyzed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is the physical reason behind hiccups? | [
"Your diapgram helps move you lungs so you can inhale and exhale. Its a muscle and when it spazzes or twitches just like any other muscle you feel it. Thats why holding breath or slowly drinking water helps because it forces you to regulate your breathing and thus your diaphragm"
] | [
"> How is the charge of ions in the air supposed to affect someone’s mood, specifically in the case of Seasonal Affective Disorder or Major Depressive Disorder? They don't have any effect."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why do vegans eat things like lettuce and carrots, where the whole plant is killed? Shouldn't they only be eating plants that naturally shed their food, like apples and nuts? | [
"Because vegans only abstain from the use of animal products. They have no limitations regarding plants. What you are referring to is called [fruitarianism](_URL_0_)."
] | [
"Biologically there is no such thing as a vegetable. Anything we eat is just an edible part of the plant i.e. carrots are roots, cabbage are leaves etc"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Botany:"
} |
Would a collision with a drone cause a problem for a commercial jet? | [
"It's all depends on where the collision occurs. A hit to the fuselage would probably just scratch it a little, considering how flimsy most commercial drones are. However, if it got sucked into the intake of the engine, then things may be a little problematic. Birds get sucked into jet engines from time to time, an... | [
"It seems crazy, but literally all of the commercial air traffic in the sky is being monitored. If an unmarked plane showed up in US airspace it would be blown out of the sky long before it got anywhere near a major city."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why is GRILLED chicken healthy and fried chicken not? | [
"Fried chicken is considered less healthy because it is covered in an oily fried salty crust -- basically a salty donut is being added to your chicken. (And this is on top of the fatty skin, which is often left on.) The meat itself is not unhealthy."
] | [
"Frozen foods are not unhealthy, but the foods you listed are. It's not the freezing. Unfrozen pizza is also not a healthy food."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Without an existing program to be written on, how was the first ever computer program made? | [
"Programs don't have to run on other programs, they just usually do *today* because it's much easier to write a program that says \"tell Windows to display such and such a picture\" than to write one that says \"tell graphics processor 45876687164 to move byte 6578687562385628569 to address 587625658632565\". The v... | [
"A pragmatic reasoning could be that the majority of computer users have no clue how to install an operating system."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why people are arguing that gun manufacturers be held liable for shootings, when we don't have this standard for anything else. | [
"They'll do anything they can to blame anything but the individual. If the individual is responsible, and there are so many individuals doing this kind of thing, then society's fucked up. But if society's fucked up, then there's a huge insurmountable problem. Why not just make a scapegoat out of something else that... | [
"By enforcing the laws. Why do people in America pay for a license to drive a car? You could easily drive without one, and you could even go years of driving with never getting caught. But for whatever reason very few people actually take the risk. There's also a social element I'm sure. So it comes down to enforci... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
If two objects travelling in opposite directions at 3/4 the speed of light, wouldn't they appear to be FTL relative to each other? | [
"Nope. From each object, the other one would appear to be passing at a large fraction of *c*, but still less than *c*. Relative motion is nonlinear at those speeds."
] | [
"> If I'm riding on a moving particle Let's ignore the fact that anything with mass can't actually move at c. Due to the way relativity works, if you're moving at light speed, you would cease moving through time. So regardless if other particles are moving or not, they (and the rest of the universe) would appear to... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
My partner tells me that I get a really bad case of hypnic jerk when I'm falling asleep. Why does myoclonus happen? | [
"They're kind of like hiccups. There isn't an absolute answer. Some people think it's because your body feels like it's falling, other doctors attribute it to caffeine use or unpredictable sleep schedules. An easy to read article on the subject: _URL_0_"
] | [
"I used to get it all the time without being aware of what it was. They were always extremely terrifying dreams. Ignorance did not help me at all. I made them stop with one simple trick. I stopped sleeping on my back. Once I started sleeping prone or on my side, I never got them. On the rare occasion that I do get ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the post about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
What is an EMP? What would happen if a big one from space hit Earth? | [
"An EMP is an [electro-magnetic pulse](_URL_1_). When you move a magnetic field across a conductor (wire) it generates electricity. When this EMP crosses the conductors (wire) in your computers circuits it can generate more electricity in those circuits than those circuits are designed to handle. This can cause the... | [
"Let's say you're near the southern tip of Florida... any chance of making an escape if this were to happen?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Could someone explain me why such thing as toll roads exist ? | [
"It's an actually brilliant form of taxation that only taxes those that consume the service the taxes end up funding. You pay x amount every time you pass a toll booth. That money (usually) goes to upkeep the roads, so funding doesn't need to come completely from other sources such as income tax, sales tax, propert... | [
"Could you clarify your question? What do you mean by work?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why does everyone dislike Piers Morgan? | [
"My dislike of him stems from his attitude mainly. He's awkwardly backwards and think's he's not. Take his stance on firearms for example. This fool thinks that removing guns from being able to be bought or sold to law-abiding persons will stop criminals, who care less about words written on paper, from doing their... | [
"Am I out of the loop on something? Who hates Ringo?!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it socially/morally unacceptable to eat a certain animals? | [
"I've thought about this for awhile. Honestly, the only conclusion I could draw is that dogs and cats are cute, and cows and chickens aren't"
] | [
"Nope. Meat is meat (roughly speaking). It'd be the same as eating any other apex omnivore, like bears. People used to eat bear all the time. You should balance your diet, of course, by also eating everything from a person's garden after you slaughter them."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about biology:"
} |
Why is ionizing radiation harmful but non-ionizing radiation not? | [
"Because it can ionize atoms. Ionizing atoms can break chemical bonds, and since your body is made of chemically bonded atoms this is problematic."
] | [
"Microwaves and x-rays are in completely different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. X-rays have much more energy than microwaves. It's much like how UV light can cause skin cancer, but red light won't."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do the richest families not have larger families? | [
"Actually there was a trend toward larger families among the rich. > Hinze says there is evidence that affluent families are beginning to have more children. According to the Council on Contemporary Families, there’s been a significant increase in three- and four-children families among the “super rich,” or the to... | [
"Why do people in Western countries use forks?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
American Law Enforcement and Military. | [
"Ok this might get a bit complicated so I hope I can make it simple. Army, Navy, Marines, Air Force, CIA, NSA, DIA are part of the Department of Defense. Homeland Security is it's own Department it also contains the TSA, Border Patrol and Immigrations and Customs Enforcement (ICE). FBI, ATF, Marshals, DEA are part... | [
"Next Week's Theme: 'Royalty, Nobility, and the Exercise of Power' To be followed by: \"Eastern Europe\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
I live in the United States. Every car I've been in has the steering wheel on the left side. However, every boat I've been in has the steering wheel on the right side. Why is this? | [
"The clockwise spinning propeller causes the right side of the boat to lift, so the driver is placed on that side of the boat in an attempt to even things out."
] | [
"For a couple of reasons: 1. There's more room for passengers when the driver's seat is off to the side, so you can put another seat next to it. Most passenger cars are not wide enough to accommodate a driver's seat with enough room for all of the necessary equipment plus two additional seats (one on either side).... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How were old game developers able to playtest their games if the games were far beyond current technological capabilities? | [
"Game devs have high-end, cutting edge hardware - sometimes even pre-release stuff. I was doing some database programming for a small (now defunct) game company **back in 2010** and my desktop (not even the machine the database was running on) had 24GB of RAM, a top-of-the-line i7 and some top of the line (GTX \\*8... | [
"> do the devs just constantly rework or update the graphics of their game? No, they develop with the idea of what kind of graphics that will be possible in that time. When it comes to 3D models; they are made at the \"highest\" quality and then reworked to \"lower\" quality a game can support. You can do this your... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about videogame development:"
} |
Why does CPR sometimes revive a dead person, and sometimes does nothing? what is the deciding factor in it working? | [
"It doesn't revive a dead person. That's a movie thing. It's to keep blood pumping around the body until medical personnel arrive and can administer drugs that get the heart pumping again on its own. It rarely even works for that. Almost all people who receive CPR will not be revived and most of the ones who are re... | [
"Heart attack is a specific issue of blood being blocked to part of your heart. Heart failure is a more general issue when the heart is unable to pump enough blood through your body. It can be caused by a heart attack or any other issues. Depending on the degree of heart failure a patient might be functioning close... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
What is the reason for our bodies going into shock after a traumatic event? | [
"Not sure if you are referring to the shock that comes from witnessing a traumatic event and having an adrenaline rush (e.g. watching your friend get shot), or shock resulting from actually having trauma inflicted on yourself (e.g. getting shot). I'll try and explain both of them. Shock resulting from trauma (in t... | [
"Flying( or any form of travel ) isn't an excellent idea while recovering from major surgery."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why are gas companies allowed to put of ethanol inside of gasoline to make it burn faster | [
"Well, This is not so much on why they are allowed but more on how they can get gasoline to produce less polluting residue. > \"Most of ethanol blending into U.S. motor gasoline occurs to meet the requirements of the 1990 Clean Air Act (RFG Fuel) and the Renewable Fuel Standard set forth in the Energy Independenc... | [
"The gasoline is usually purchased from the same vendor. Some gas companies add cleaners or other additives to supposedly help keep the engine running smoothly, but it's otherwise the same."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Do Jews and Muslims circumcise for the same reason? | [
"Probably. A lot of religious laws, such as circumcision or the aversion to pork, originated for health/safety reasons."
] | [
"Muslims and Christians both launched huge campaigns to spread their religion. Gathering new followers is one of the many aspects of their religions. Judaism actually makes it hard to join their religion. Seriously. Go to a Synagog and tell the Rabbi you want to convert. It's not easy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How someone can live to 122 years while smoking? | [
"The health harms from smoking are averages across the population. Individuals are going to be more or less impacted by smoking based on their genetics and other environmental factors. To live that long, the person is going to likely have a body which is resistant to a great deal of harms, able to regenerate better... | [
"Compare mortality rates to those with chronic illness 100 years ago. Now make the same comparison today. You will find that a very large number of people who are sick today would have been dead 100 years ago. Peanut allergy 100 years ago: Billy mysteriously fell over dead, end of story."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Health:"
} |
How much time has to pass before grave robbing is considered archaeology? | [
"I think they're inherantly different things. Grave robbing is specifically for selling and profiting off of the stuff stolen, while archaeology is specifically for the pursuit of science and knowledge about ancient cultures."
] | [
"Because in the U.S., that would be classified as cruel and unusual punishment, which is forbidden by the 8th Amendment. Unless they volunteered for it, it's illegal."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What is optimal typing technique people use for 130++ WPM? | [
"The vast majority of time spent coding is staring at code and asking either \"Why the fuck doesn't this work?\" or \"Why the fuck DOES this work?\" Typing isn't a huge part of it to be honest. I don't think there are any programmers out there that can come conjure up bug-free code nearly as fast as they can type o... | [
"Because people got good at typing with the current layout and it would be inconvenient for people to learn new typing skills when switching from typewriters to computers. There are more efficient keyboards out there (not alphabetic) but we stick with qwerty."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Wouldn't splitting water molecules result in less water available to drink? | [
"Technically, yes, splitting water molecules to get hydrogen is using up water. And technically, yes, you can react hydrogen with oxygen and get the water back. But considering the quantity of water on Earth, humans could create a great deal of hydrogen without having a significant impact on the supply. Bear in min... | [
"Unless you're chemically reacting the water with something to break apart the hydrogen and oxygen, *all* water (100%) is recycled, and all of it finds its way back into the water cycle. We can also create water by combining hydrogen and oxygen, so if we ran the planet dry of water, that would mean we went out of o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why has the murder of ~15 million by Nazism made it untouchable but Communism seems perfectly socially acceptable after having killed ~90 million? | [
"Yeah, I'm pretty sure that communism isn't considered socially acceptable in the US, for the most part. If you mean socialism, then that's a different story. Really, even Communism isn't to blame for the deaths of $90 million people. It's the people that used Communism as an excuse to kill 90 million people that a... | [
"Other deadlier events? The Holocaust killed 12 million people in a very intentional and systematic manner. They weren't \"collateral damage\" or anything like that, their deaths weren't side effects of war, people were methodically rounded up, arrested and sent to extermination camps to be shot or gassed to death,... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What's the significance of having '.com' in the address bar? | [
"Everyone of these extensions is called a domain, and is a way to help categorize things in the Internet, and help you know what kind of site you are on, and who runs it. \".com\" helps you understand that whatever website you are on is run by some company or business, which makes money, so think of the \"com\" as ... | [
"I have a similar question and couldn't find an answer. ELI5: Does this affect me in any way? Is it dangerous to click an imgur link now?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how exactly does wireless charging work? Can it replace the cable one day entirely? | [
"Wireless charging works via electromagnetical induction. The charger has en electrical coil that you run AC power through. This created and electromagnetical field sorrounding the coil. The device (phone, pad, car) that is to be charged must have a corresponding coil (it can be physically smaller) and as this coil... | [
"You plug it in the laptop via a USB port, and in the mobile phone via a micro USB port. This means you use two different ports on the powerbank as well. This decides if you're charging the bank or the device."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How did the 'scum of our society' learn to cook Meth? | [
"What once took geniuses years of research can be replicated quickly by moderately intelligent people. They didn't discover it themselves their just following instructions that a much smarter person wrote. Even an idiot can follow instructions."
] | [
"It's the only way the Norwegians could get him to visit Norway"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How does a website like _URL_0_ have access to statistics for every player? | [
"Sites like that can work in two different ways, A, the games owner provides an API, which is basically an url you can go to, and then if you provide the correct settings, it returns all the data you request. (That is exposed by the API) B, If there is no API, the alternative is to scrape, scraping is basically nav... | [
"See this post: _URL_0_ It has a definition for basically every type of road."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do we know that the laws of physics are consistent in other parts of the universe? | [
"We don't. You assume that they are until you find evidence that suggests otherwise. If you assume they're the same and you get some contradictory or nonsensical observation, then you start questioning if they might be different."
] | [
"No, every point in the universe is at the center of an observable portion of the entire universe, there are no privileged or special locations."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the post about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why do people Riot and what do they hope to achieve? | [
"You're right, rioting doesn't look good for the anti-Trump crowd and there are much better ways to make a point and work towards change. The important thing to remember is that the rioters aren't a very accurate representation of Clinton supporters, or Americans in general. They're just the loudest and most visibl... | [
"Someone told them what the answer is supposed to be."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Technology:"
} |
Why do non-rechargable/single use batteries last longer than rechargable ones? | [
"They don't need to be recharged every couple of hours. They need to be recharged after a couple of hours of **use**. In this instance, that would mean pushing a button on your TV remote and holding it down for a couple of hours straight, but you don't do that. You push a button for a small fraction of a second ea... | [
"You can actually recharge non-rechargeable batteries such as alkaline batteries. However, they perform very poorly and take a very long time to recharge (Up to one day). They will also only last a handful of cycles before completely dying. I highly advise against trying this as your normal battery charger will lik... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If dinosaurs didn't all go extinct, would humans have evolved to what we are today? | [
"Yes, because the dinosaurs didn't all go extinct and here we are. Dinosaur descendants and their eggs are a common food-source all around the world. We call them birds. But in the spirit of what you were asking, no, it's extremely unlikely that humans as we know them would have come about in a world where the mass... | [
"We'll get back to you on this one. It isn't known why the Neanderthals went extinct (other previous species of humans were our ancestors and thus became us). We may have out competed them for resources. We may have killed them until there just weren't enough left to repopulate. We just don't know."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Do other animals actually have “human” facial expressions (Smiles, Frowns, Furrowed brows) or is it just our minds WANTING to see facial expressions in animals? | [
"Sure. A dog will squint different way with either pain or pleasure. We humans pick up on it."
] | [
"The thing about our body language is that it is more symbolic than we realize. Sometimes when we try to remember something we sort of look around, as if we are searching around for the memory. This is half learnt behavior (we see others do it, and mirror it) and half physical reenactments of mental processes. When... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How did people get horses to charge into lines of spears when horses are spooked so easily? | [
"Extensive training and blinders. These horses were **war horses**. They were bred and trained for the sole purpose of charging into lines of spears and fighting in the thick of battle.Ever since they were young, they were around training camps, getting used to the noise of battle. It was their whole life. Most an... | [
"You should read Guns, Germs and Steel by Jared Diamond. He talks a lot about why certain animals and plants were domesticated and why others weren't. As far as animals that won't let us domesticate them--some aren't suitable because their panic instinct is so high they aren't dependable. Zebras can be ridden like ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are there seatbelt laws, while I'm allowed to drive my motorcycle? | [
"It's a safety thing. Much safer to stay in a crashed vehicle while it's safer to be thrown clear of a crashed motorcycle."
] | [
"The big advantage? They don't have drivers. People are stupid, careless & reckless behind the wheel. If you get rid of people, the roads would arguably be much safer. I'd rather risk a one in a million software glitch than some 16 year old on his cell phone arguing with his girlfriend."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why is it still polite to say "Bless you" when someone sneezes? Has it just been so ingrained into society that it is rude not to say it | [
"Supposedly, people used to believe that sneezing was your Soul trying to escape from your body, or that demons were trying to tempt you. \"God Bless You\" was supposed to be some kind of spiritual shield against these calamities. Historically, Pope Gregory the 1st ordered for sneezing people to blessed, as sneezin... | [
"It's merely a social condition. We've been taught to do that simply because our parents told us to, and their parents told them to, and so on. No one can really say when or why it became that way. Social conditions never have any practical reason for existing. If you think wearing a hat indoors is ok, then by all ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How do game developers fix a bug? | [
"Depending on what the bug affects, the developers can determine what parameters may cause it. They can then check through the programming for each parameter and see if the numbers make sense. Whichever ones don't make sense will get double checked to see if the operations going on are correct or logical. Most bugs... | [
"In the real world why would anyone want to be a politician?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
When Pro Athletes admit to using PED's (such as Ryan Braun today), why aren't they arrested for using illegal drugs? | [
"I don't know exactly what drugs were used, but just because a drug is banned from use in sports does not mean it is also illegal to use outside of sports."
] | [
"When it comes to steroids, there's two different types of illegal. Governments can make steroids illegal. In America, there are certain medications you're allowed to buy without a prescription (Advil, Sudafed, etc.), but most of them you need a specific doctor's order to get. People get prescribed steroids all the... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why do many Arab countries have similar flags? | [
"Other colors are the other Arab empires. Black is for the Abbasids (not Muhammad), White for the Ummayaads, Green for the Fatimids, and Red for the Hashemites, which were the rulers of Mecca who organized an Arab nationalist movement against the Turks. _URL_0_"
] | [
"Why do people in Western countries use forks?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do companies that sell trees for Christmas and paper start up? | [
"Often the company that grows trees isn't the same as the one selling them to private homes/making paper. People who sell trees often start like this: they buy a piece of forest (there are trees on it), and then they go and harvest trees while planting new ones. If they start with an empty field and have to plant... | [
"Yes, they make money since they are cheap to make."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Does Cooking Expiring Food Allow it to Last Longer? | [
"Cooking kills bacteria, but not the bacteria poop. It's the poop that gets you. If the poop is already at an iffy level, cooking it will slow the accumulation, but it doesn't lower it. New bacteria will start adding to it after the cooking."
] | [
"Question 1: Am I a celebrity? * Yes: Move onto question 2 * No: Who gives a shit about you? Question 2: Do I like to look terrific in photographs? * Yes: Move onto question 3 * No: Use your iPhone for nude selfies Question 3: Do I mind being raped? * Yes: Call Annie Leibovitz * No: Terry's your man!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why don't magnets attract blood? | [
"The iron in blood is not in a form that is ferromagnetic. Ferromagnetism is about how the electrons in iron are arranged when they are connected to a bunch of other iron atoms. When iron is bonded with other atoms, this arrangement does not exists, and it does not stick to magnets."
] | [
"No, the human wouldn't float because human's are not magnetic. However, if you put a magnetic south pole in that position, it would \"float\". This is the technique used in Maglev trains."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
"I used to say 'Everything is representation theory,' now I say 'nothing is representation theory'" | [
"According to [this article](_URL_0_) on Gelfand, it may have been all a bit of a joke. Representation Theory shows up everywhere, from practical physics and chemistry, to the most abstract math. Gelfand, a researcher in Representation Theory, would then always say that \"Everything is Representation Theory\". But ... | [
"\"Do this\" is harder to enforce than \"Don't do this\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How a wage/salary for a job is determined? | [
"Here are a few factors: 1. How much people with similar experience doing similar things being paid. 2. How much a person is willing to accept to do the job 3. How much value the job adds to your company. If you make $X an hour for the work, then you determine your markup, subtract that from $X, and get the salary.... | [
"The amount of taxes that come out depends on the amount of the paycheck. A higher paycheck means more taxes taken out."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why is it called Real Estate? Do we have any reason to believe that it is false? | [
"Real Estate is property that can be inherited, Titular Estate are titles that are inherited. So, for example, Patrick Stewart's son might inherit the title of Knight when he dies, but that's not 'real' estate. The properties and such that Patrick Stewart owns are his 'real' estate, and more likely to have an impac... | [
"In the real world why would anyone want to be a politician?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How is lag compensated in FPS games? | [
"There are a bunch of ways but one way is for each client to predict the future movement of other players. For example if they are moving forward assume they do until the next updated location. The server then tries to resolve different ideas of the state of the world various ways. Blizzard's Overwatch tends toward... | [
"There is lag, but the game uses a mix of prediction methods, slow acceleration values, and smooth updates to hide it! Nintendo's studios have very good netcode compared to many others."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
If the moon is moving at a speed of roughly 3600 km/h how can we just land on it | [
"By matching its speed. Ever see a movie where someone runs up beside a train that is leaving the station, matches its speed, and then jumps inside? It's kind of like that, but a lot faster, and with rockets."
] | [
"Relative to the ground yes, provided you throw it in the direction you are moving. Relative to you no, it is traveling at 100mph. Relative to the sun it's probably closer to 67000mph"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Before spoken language was developed, were humans able have an inner monologue? | [
"Not really, a monologue is by definition language. If language didn't exist then they couldn't have been doing it internally either. There is a bizarre misconception held by some that all or even the bulk of thinking is done via an internal monologue. When you wake up in the morning and need to pee you don't need ... | [
"> As a person born deaf has never heard their own voice, how do they think? The vast majority of our thoughts are performed without an internal monologue. Language is not required for you to think and function. Other animals manage to get by just fine. > how do they know what emotions are? Emotions are similarly ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are microscopic images not able to be captured in colour? | [
"It depends on how microscopic you're talking. If you're working at up to 500x, colour is definitely possible. But if you're talking electron microscope levels, it's to do with the wavelength of the visible light spectrum. When you get below a certain magnification level, the only way you can capture an image is by... | [
"It's not the fact that the image appears HIGHER RESOLUTION, but that areas in a photo or video are unnaturally well lighted or in focus, for example. Why can they be that way? Because camera lenses and various image processing, postprocessing techniques do not work the same way the human eyes and brain work to for... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do Ocean currents form? | [
"[THIS VIDEO](_URL_0_) explains it very well, and it's easy to understand. It's also more fun to watch this than read a block of text."
] | [
"1. Predicting the weather 2. Modelling nuclear explosions"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do we plan in colonising the Mars, but not the Moon? | [
"Once you accept that any colonizing is within the realm of science fixing at this point: Mars has visiting much closer to earth's potentially. It has water (albeit frozen) a decent amount of gravity (necessary for long term human muscle health), it could potentially hold an breathable atmosphere after enough centu... | [
"There are a near-infinite amount of resources in space If we mess our planet up beyond repair or something else causes the planet to become uninhabitable, the ability to colonize other planets will save the human race It's not an either-or proposition - the main issue is funding for scientific research in general.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment about Science:"
} |
How does Satellite television work? | [
"Disclaimer: I'm not 100% sure, but this is my best guess as a techy... Direct TV has approximately 19.2 million subscribers. It makes much more sense to broadcast each channel once, rather than 19.2 million separate transmissions. Most satellite dishes only listen, and do not send (imagine 19.2 million people send... | [
"Maintenance. Programming. Upgrading. Designing. There will still be jobs. People will adapt."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why do people with mental disabilities "rock" themselves? | [
"same reason we rock babies. it is calming. in this case self soothing. source: ive struggled with ptsd for 4 years and this is something i do and asked my therapist about. when my ptsd gets triggered i rock and hum one sound. (i feel like a crazy person when i do it.) my therapist said what i said above. more sauc... | [
"I do it because I have an anxiety disorder linked to talking on the phone. Maybe you do too."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
This "retirement plan" seems way to good to be true. | [
"It's not a pyramid scheme. It's life insurance. You put money into an account and then you get it out later after they take out some fees. It grows at some rate that will be higher than zero. The benefit of this option is that it grows tax deferred, same as your 401k or traditional IRA. What is not great about it... | [
"For me anyway, I just don't agree with the reasons for cult following. Starbucks is great.. But it's too expensive when I can make coffee at home You only live once. That seems like a pretty good reason not to do something that puts my life at risk. Maybe I'm just boring"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How do we know ‘original’ artefacts/paintings in famous museums are in fact the originals? | [
"Sometimes they'll take a sample of the paint to have it analyzed. If a certain dye used hadn't been invented yet then you know it's likely a forgery. After the first atomic bomb was dropped cesium 137 and strontium 90 were found in much higher concentrations in nature and are absorbed by all living things includin... | [
"The easiest way is to sell it. If the painting sells for $100, it's a $100 painting, but if it sells for $90 million, it's a $90 million painting. If actually selling the painting is impractical, there are alternatives. The value of most paintings actually has very little to do with the painting itself - even Pica... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
If crime statistics are based on arrests then won't NYC see a dramatic drop in crime because the NYPD have stopped arresting people? | [
"Crime statistics are generally based on reported crimes, not necessarily crimes where arrests are made. The statistics may dip some as police fail to take reports for crimes that are committed on the street level, but the major crimes would still be getting reported."
] | [
"There are lots of gang wars going on... combination of destruction of massive public housing development scattering residents across the city, and the arrest/conviction of many big gang leaders has lead to a fracturing of the city's gangs into dozens of smaller ones, have resulted in fights for territory. Combine ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why does glossolalia (i.e., tongues) occur in religious contexts? | [
"Pressure to conform cause some people to fake it. Other times, just believing something is real is enough to make our body act as if that thing is real. By telling people to expect pain from something that's not going to actually do anything to them, people will still often feel significant pain. So when you have... | [
"Christians don't actually necessarily believe that there have been no prophets since Christ. Some would argue that now that we have the Bible, there is no need for prophets. Others just don't like to assign the word \"prophet\" except to people who the Bible refers to as such. But Jesus, the disciples, and then Pa... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How does heat affect laptop performance? | [
"It doesn't until the laptop gets to a certain point. Once it gets really hot, the computer will slow itself down to cut back the amount of heat being generated, as a way of avoiding damage."
] | [
"What source says that alcohol is bad for your teeth?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are preorder sales suddenly seem so important to video game companies? | [
"Sound financial planning - money now is ALWAYS better than money later. Look it up."
] | [
"There's no physical product, and sales like that tend to be on games that are 5+ years old. There's nothing *but* profit at this point for those games."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do some documents have an almost blank page labeled "This page was intentionally left blank."? | [
"So you don't think it was a copy error. I used to work with confidential materials. We even had to hand write it on written documents."
] | [
"> I wanted to know if anyone knows why there's a black box at the bottom of the pdf file. Your .pdf reader is messing up, there is no black box."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Books:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Books:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Someone gains access to someone else's nude photos and publishes them online. I go to that site and view said photos, but don't re-publish, host, link to, etc. those photos. Am I an accomplice in some legal way, or just a garden-variety perv doing nothing legally wrong? | [
"Based on previous incidents: The person that first (illegally) obtained the photos can be held liable and everyone beyond that is off the hook. Even if you publish the pictures for money as long as the pictures are considered \"newsworthy\" by the public you can't be held liable. I answered this question in anothe... | [
"1. Attention/validation/excitement; 2. It's just a normal picture to them and the fact they are naked isn't an issue for them; 3. They were paid at some point, but has been distributed by others freely; 4. It was never meant for public dissemination but some asshole decided to put it out there;"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is it generally accepted that you can go at least five over the speed limit without being pulled over? | [
"Speed cameras have a margin of error and so do speedometers. The police recognize this and typically allow a margin to avoid falsely ticketing people. After about 5mp over though, you should be out of that margin."
] | [
"They give you \"clearance\" to make that turn without a ticket once they detect your speed has dropped to zero within an assigned zone. If you just rolled through without stopping you'd get a ticket."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Driving and traffic regulations:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Driving and traffic regulations:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Aside from advertising, how do political parties spend their donation money? | [
"They hold special events (luncheons, dinners, etc.) that can be either public or restricted to donors. They also have to pay for their staff, travel, reserving venues for public appearances, etc."
] | [
"Non-Profit does not mean they do not make money, charge people, or pay staff. It means that money collected beyond the costs of running the company is re-invested into the company rather than going to stock holders or the owners bank account. As for the society, they sell their magazine, sell tv programs, sell ph... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why don't highway police ticket left-lane driving more often to raise revenues? Also, if followed better, would traffic move better? | [
"Harder to prove in court. It's much easier to point a radar gun at a car and measure it's speed. You were going 125 in a 100 zone. The measurement is absolute and much harder to debate for those that even try. How you you measure someone traveling in the passing lane? You can't make a quick assessment, at least on... | [
"No, because a passing lane is specifically for passing. As in accelerating to pass a car and exiting the lane. Using a regular lane for passing creates unsafe driving situations for other vehicles on the road, and messes with flow of traffic across a HUGE distance after a while. Impeding the flow of traffic and im... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Driving and traffic regulations:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Driving and traffic regulations:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
how did the whole "brony" community come to be? | [
"I think another factor is, a lot of the fans have young children of their own. A lot of children's TV is drek and terrible. Finding something completely kid safe that is also watchable, fun, and surprisingly interesting to an adult is a godsend, instead of watching winnie the pooh for the 457th time, or mickey tal... | [
"If I remember correctly, a lot of its members went over to a suicide preventing mlp themed subreddit and was actively telling everyone to kill themselves and what not."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is it possible that the particle accelerator at CERN can resist 2 billion celsius? | [
"It's not a gallon of some liquid at that temperature. It's a few particles at that temperature. They are charged particles and so they can be kept from contacting the sides of the vacuum chamber by electromagnetic fields."
] | [
"We know they are real because we have made them. That's how we have confirmed their properties. Sure, it takes a huge wad of cash and energy, but the folks in CERN have a whole collection of machines dedicated to making them. The Antiproton Decelerator slows down anti-protons to a stop, and then maintains them in ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does imposing a 20% tax on Mexican imports, WHICH will be paid BY American Citizens, make Mexico pay for the wall? | [
"It's not a direct form of taking payment from Mexico. However a steep tarrif like that will strongly urge buisness to move out of Mexico (preferably to the US), and cause Mexico to lose a lot of revenue from exports to the US. Either way, the end goal of financially punishing Mexico is achieved."
] | [
"1. It would be insanely expensive to build a wall. 2. It makes the US look bad, just like the Berlin Wall made East Germany look bad. 3. It would take forever to build. 4. It messes with the environment. 5. It will be more dangerous for the people trying to cross. Just because people want to keep them out doesn't ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why is it that discs(CD's and DVD's) need to spin at a very high speed in order for data to be read/written on them ? | [
"CDs vary in speed from 200rpm to 500rpm depending on where the laser is pointing at the disc. The main reason for the speed is the rate of data transfer of the pits in the CD. The important bit from the wikipedia article on CDs is \" The program area is 86.05 cm2, and the length of the recordable spiral is (86.05... | [
"Cartridges have memory chips inside that have the game code stored in them. When you insert the cartridge into the console, metal contacts in the console touch metal contacts on the game cartridge, and they can exchange data via electrical signals. The console loads the game off of the cartridge, and you play. Di... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does 9 - 5 = 4 (read more) | [
"If you have 9 apples, but remove 5, you're left with 4. But if you have 5 apples, and want to have 9 apples, you need to add 4 apples, namely apple #6, #7, #8, and #9... you don't need to add apple #5, you already have it."
] | [
"What's 5 + 5? Okay now what's 5.105 + 5.079? Which took longer?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why does smacking an unresponsive remote control make it work? | [
"Your remote control may have what's called an *intermittent contact* where some of the metal bits may no longer touch each other well enough to transmit electricity. Smacking it can make them touch better, making the circuitry work."
] | [
"I think the real reason is so that you can't turn the brightness down so low that you can't see the screen to turn it back up."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What is the Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA), and what are the implications of it being passed? | [
"It basically says people can't sue you when you you refuse to provide them service because their views conflict with your religious beliefs."
] | [
"They have, and they are working on it. It is the Defense of Marriage Act (referred to as \"DOMA\") that prohibits the Federal government from recognizing same-sex marriages. Obama's administration has declared that DOMA is unconstitutional, and said it won't defend the law in court anymore. Congress hired its ow... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
If the United States is experiencing a national health crisis, why don't we subsidize gyms? | [
"Giving gyms money does not guarantee people will use gyms. If fat people wanted to exercise, there are free ways to do that (ie jogging, sex, not eating shit)"
] | [
"They declare bankruptcy. We are drowning in medical debt and student loans, and people wonder why there is an opioid crisis. Before declaring bankruptcy, they try to get help from friends and family through crowdfunding. It’s abominable and tragic."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Do planes make a shadow, and if they do, where on the ground is it? | [
"They do make shadows. The shadows move very fast though. I live near an airport and every now and then it lines up perfectly where a plane flying gets between me and the sun, and for the briefest moment all the sunlight is blocked from coming into my apartment. If you blinked, youd miss it. But its really neat whe... | [
"Look at the moon high in the sky. Now spin in a circle; you can make it look whatever orientation you want! You can make it whatever orientation you like depending on where you are on the surface of the planet or moon. Try not to kick yourself too hard."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Does turning your volume up on your headphones use up more battery on your phone? | [
"Yes. The headphone drivers (speakers) are powered by the headphone output of the phone. This has a tiny amplifier that runs off the phone battery. As the volume is increased, more power is sent to the drivers, which means the headphone amplifier is drawing more power from the battery. Worth mentioning, compared to... | [
"They only have a bluetooth radio which is very low energy. The cell phone has a cellular radio (or two) that are constantly transmitting and receiving information. They also have a bigger screen and bigger processor that use a lot more power. So yes, the battery in the phone is bigger, but it gets used up at a muc... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How does using Bluetooth improve location accuracy? | [
"It adds another data source to the location information. Already current versions use not just GPS but also cellphone towers, and Wifi networks to be able to better locate you. The hope is that BT will add a similar enhancement in accuracy."
] | [
"It's a big system. It also carries a bit from state to state. Are you interested in the application process? Policy? Logistics?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why can it snow when it's 33 degrees, but it's rain at 29 degrees? | [
"When we measure air temperature for official weather readings it is taken pretty much near ground level, and in the shade. The temperature in the air above the surface can be warmer than the surface temperature and melt the snow as it comes through when the temps are slightly under freezing. Similarly, when the te... | [
"For the exact reason that you might expect. You've been cold all winter, and gotten used to zero degree weather. Oh look, it's now 65? Holy shit that's warm! Likewise, it's been 110 all summer. Holy shit, it's 65?? That's so cold!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why is it that I am able to see/notice things slightly better in the dark out of my peripherals? | [
"As a result of the design of the human eye. The receptors that are more sensitive to light are located around the area at the back of the eye which surrounds the receptors that are directly in line with the light that enters straight through they eye. Looking directly at an object directs the received light from t... | [
"For me it is because the sky has less distractions in my vision. I can concentrate on finding the answer."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Can you win a lawsuit without fighting it? | [
"If you don't appear, the plaintiff will ask the judge to enter a default judgment. Normally the judge agrees to that because he assumes that the facts are more-or-less as the plaintiff has stated them, but it's possible for the judge to decide that the plaintiff simply has no plausible legal claim. The judge is no... | [
"Why does it cost money to get divorced? Because it's worth it!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How is it possible to catch a ball without ever looking at your hands? | [
"We actually have more than 5 senses. One of the other senses is [proprioception.](_URL_0_) You can feel where your body parts are without looking at them."
] | [
"Let's play a game of catch. In this game, you can only catch the balls I throw at you with your hands. What happens if I throw three balls at you at the same time? Let's say you've got very good reflexes, fast enough to catch one of the balls and discard it so that you can catch the third ball. What happens if I ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
If McDonalds food is fresh off the farm then frozen like they claim, why is it still SO bad for you? | [
"Just because it's \"natural\" doesn't mean it's \"healthy\". It's still full of fat and calories and low on vitamins and other nutrition."
] | [
"The nuggets are pre-cooked and flash frozen, which makes them virtually impossible to fuck up at the individual location, and ensures that they taste the same worldwide. Just like the ones you buy at the store."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it that most of the educational videos we see in school seem to be those really old school ones from the 80s and 90s? | [
"All I can say is that when I was in school back in the 70's, all the films we saw were from the 1960's! And not the fun 60's but the buzz cut, yes sir/no sir, non-colorized 60's. You'd think that the 'net would make it easy for schools to show newer material."
] | [
"I'm not certain I'm getting your drift. What I think you are talking about, is a reference to PSAs (public service announcements) and educational videos. You see Timmy, these videos were extremely hokey and have become the butt of many pop culture jokes. Often the narrator or an authority figure would appear in th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When Apple says iPhone X has a "neural engine" what does this actually mean? | [
"It's a bunch of marketing speak to make it sound mind-blowingly good. They used a neural network for facial recognition. Neural networks are extremely complicated mathematical functions that aim to emulate how a human brain works. It takes tonnes of input (such as the \"billions of pictures of faces\" and will use... | [
"ARM is a company that designs the chips. Then another company buys the instructions to make ARM chips and can modify the design (Apple does this). Then Apple pays another company to actually make the chips using the instructions that Apple has modified. It used to be Samsung, but for their most recent devices TSMC... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why is the speed of light the same regardless of what's creating the light? | [
"Higher energy photons don't travel faster, they *vibrate* faster. The energy is carried in their frequency, not in their speed."
] | [
"You can't travel the speed of light. Regardless of speed, though, nothing would seem unusual to you - the beam would appear to move ahead of you at the same speed it normally does. This is one of the basic ideas behind relativity: no matter where you are or how you're moving, you always measure the same light spee... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why does it seem that black cars are more reflective than white cars? | [
"Think about looking at your reflection in a window. If it's dark inside of the window, it's pretty easy to see your reflection because most of the light coming to your from the glass is from the reflection. If someone turns on the light, or it's bright behind the window, most of the light is coming through the gla... | [
"I'm more concerned about why they seem to hit my windshield exactly in front of my eyes? Do they know those are a weak spot in the human body and are trying to inflict damage? Or is it just bad luck?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why does moving your hair hurt after having a hat on for a while. | [
"Could be wrong. But I believe it might be the follicles being forced into an awkward position and getting used to that. So when you take the helmet off and try to rearrange them they resist to the change resulting in nerves being poked saying \"we're trying to get used to this\" Likely wrong, but that's what I bel... | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How did Visa and Mastercard obtain an ubiquitous global duopoly over the entire world's credit merchant industry? | [
"There is a massive barrier to entry in order to compete with them."
] | [
"The two most common credit card brands, Visa and Mastercard, provide a service to banks, but not directly to merchants. Merchants contract with banks to accept credit cards, and the banks compete with each other to attract merchants to their services. This competition drives down the rates that they charge to acce... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Finance:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Finance:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do soft cookies get hard, and hard cookies get soft after a period of time? | [
"Soft ones dry out; hard ones absorb moisture from the air. Believe it or not, this precise question was central to a lawsuit over taxes. In the UK, as I understand it, biscuits are taxed at one rate and cakes at another, lower rate. By showing that Jaffa Cakes get harder rather than softer over time, the case was ... | [
"The bag is open so the moisture can get out in case the bread just got out of the oven and is still releasing vapour. You are supposed to close the bag once you have started on eating the bread in order to conserve it well, or put it in a cloth bag or tea towel at home. If your un-started French bread gets stale a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Can we have multiple internets or is it like the highlander and there can be only one, and why? | [
"We have many internets. The Comcast network is different from the FIOS network, and so forth. The networks have connections so that it seems like one big network, but that's all a simplification for users."
] | [
"There isn't really one. Like many other things, there's no reason for it - but there's also no reason for evolution to get rid of it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is the difference between a sting and entrapment? | [
"Entrapment is when they get you to do something \"You wouldn't do anyway.\" Like if they leave a car where you can steal it, and you choose to steal it, and they arrest you for stealing the car, that is a sting. If they tell you that you can have the car, *go ahead, Im giving it to you*, then you drive away and th... | [
"Its expensive and probably won't eliminate the underlying cause of why they began drug use to begin with."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
If I traveled to a star that was 1,000 lightyears away from Earth, at 99.99999999% the speed of light, from my perspective, would it take me 1,000.000001 years to get there, or would it seem to take me a much short amount of time (like a few days or weeks or something)? | [
"The faster you go, up to the point of the speed of light, it will seem to you like length in the direction of travel compresses. ([Length contraction](_URL_0_)). The faster you go, the flatter the universe will look. Far away things will look closer to you. The effect is that not only will you see that you're trav... | [
"You can't actually travel at the speed of light, so for this question, let's assume your train is going 1m/s slower than light. At that speed, time would be stretched by a factor of about 300,000,000. Then you start walking/running at 2 m/s, which seems like it should take you faster than light. But due to the str... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Physics:"
} |
Why does Imgur regularly contain posts with 10,000+ upvotes while Reddit rarely gets above 5,000 even though it has a much smaller community? | [
"The vote counts on reddit aren't real. I think they're fudged to make for better a better /top. As the amount of people here grows, so does the amount of votes a story is going to receive. So without some adjustment, /top would heavily depend on the size of reddit's userbase, and little on the actual quality."
] | [
"Your front page is a composite of the front pages of all the subreddits you are subscribed to. It doesn't ask \"what are the top 10 posts overall from all your subs,\" it asks \"what are the top posts from each of your subreddits.\" In this way a post with 10 upvotes on a small subreddit you are subscribed to has ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
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