query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
How do plant seeds know which way to grow? | [
"“All plants can sense the direction of the gravitational field and orientate themselves accordingly. This is called geotaxis. In mature plants, phototaxis (growing towards the light source) overrides the gravitational impulse for the stalk and leaves, but the roots - and the seed while it is underground - rely on ... | [
"> Why/when do pinecones open up? Pine cones open when it is warm and dry because it is a better time to spread pollen and seeds. Pine cones open in order to either produce pollen or receive pollen depending on if they are male or female cones."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do some calendars mark the beginning of the week on Monday and others on Sunday? | [
"Different cultures result in different people considering different parts of the week the start. If you look at French calendars, they start their week on Monday (Lundi) and end their week on Sunday (Dimanche or Day of the Lord translated). This mostly came about, because people viewed the end of the week as when ... | [
"It all depends on your calendar. For example, Passover is always the 15th of Nisan. If you follow the Hebrew calendar, you would complain that Christmas is on a different day every year."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How do companies determine barcodes for their products to make sure they are not identical to another product sold at a large retail store? | [
"There is a UPC governing organization called GS1 which assigns ranges to companies (for a fee)"
] | [
"Typically, products straight from the manufacturer are going to be marked up. They do this because they're also selling their products to other vendors. They'd rather the vendors do the actual selling instead of themselves because it creates more market saturation having more sellers. Plus, if something goes wrong... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If bacteria die from (for example, boiled water) where do their corpses go? | [
"The corpses don't actually go anywhere. Think of it as a big bacterial soup but the bacteria is100% dead"
] | [
"Dead bacteria is just a bunch of dead organic matter. Its similar to dead skin cells that wash off in the shower or a slab of meat or bunch of vegetables. If somethings dead it can be absorbed by something else living for their nutrients. So the dead bacteria will quickly be broken down. Depending on the way you k... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why is the flu only around for a “season” instead of being around all of the time? | [
"It is around all the time but the flu mutates quite often, which is why there is no vaccination. Everyone adapts to the ‘current’ strain of the flu, and it disappears for a while, then it mutates, and everyone starts getting it again until they re-adapt. It’s always there, its just suffer from it in stages."
] | [
"I'm not aware of the common cold being a big killer, and it's actually an association of a ton of different viruses in the upper respiratory tract. Do you mean the flu? The flu still kills *lots* of people, upwards of half a million in a typical year, usually the very young or very old."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Medical:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Medical:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Medical:"
} |
How do TV/Movie residuals work? | [
"Contracts from when the movie/show was first made. It’s in the contracts how much you get of the profits of the movie, and that’s forever. It’s not renegotiated for each release."
] | [
"TV production companies produce the shows and sell them to networks. Networks then sell ads to run during the Show’s broadcast. The production company hopes to make more selling Herve show than it cost them to make — they pay the writers, actors, for the sets and locations, and so on. But it’s not just a one time ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How does electricity actually power something? | [
"Ultra simple answer is that moving electrons create changing magnetic fields. These magnetic fields can be used to physically move an object like a motor. Longer more complicated answer: Check out the lorentz force."
] | [
"Volts: how badly electricity want to go from here to there. Current: How much electricity actually goes from here to there."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What happens to the electrical charge being supplied to a device once it is fully charged? | [
"Chargers work by making electricity available to the device. The device determines how much it takes. If the device stops taking power, the electricity stops flowing. It's similar to what happens when you unplug a device from the wall."
] | [
"They do not die in the sense that they are broken. They are just empty. Usually, the battery is recharged while you are driving the car, thereby converting chemical energy from your fuel into electrical energy to recharge the battery."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How did the creation of dynamite lead up to the creation of fertilizers? | [
"Basically the answer is nitrogen. It's important in your explosives, and its crucially important in your fertilizer. Do some work with nitrogen relating to explosives, learn more about nitrogen, ?????, learn how to produce/utilize nitrogen in your fertilizers effectively to increase crop yield. The ????? there rep... | [
"Could the rebuilding of Japan after WWII be considered a partial colonization by the United States?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do most foods in the US have a calorie count ending in 0 or 5, especially in processed foods? | [
"Rounding off to the nearest increment of five is allowed to account for inaccuracy in the measuring and cooking process. A single tic tac mint has 2 calories, so they can legally say that a single tic tac has zero on their packaging for example."
] | [
"Nutrition facts are based on serving sizes. Servings with fewer than five calories can be labeled as having zero calories. Servings with fewer than 50 calories may be rounded to the nearest 5 calories. Servings with over 50 calories may be rounded to the nearest 10 calories. For your question specifically, the dr... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How do drag racers get grip at the beginning of a race by spinning tires? | [
"They burn out to heat up their tires and soften the rubber to make it more sticky. When they race they carefully control the throttle and clutch so that they are right at the edge of breaking their tires loose into a burnout but not quite. If they accidentally do burn out during a race they will lose unless their ... | [
"Oh we can make a car that accelerates that fast, it all just depends on how the car is setup. If you want to look at the opposite end of this spectrum. Look at a top fuel dragster. They go from 0-100 mph in less than a second. With that absurdly short time comes an absurd short amount of distance. They take thousa... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What is an r/nicegirl? | [
"Urban Dictionary says: A girl who believes she's the best choice for a girlfriend. She doesn't understand why guys only go for \"sluts\" or \"whores\" when she can \"cook and clean\" and also she's \"ugly so it's not like I can ever cheat on you!!!!!!\" [Nice Girls](_URL_0_) have self-esteem issues and throw [pass... | [
"You might find more info on this here: /r/EducationReform"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how come books have pages at the start and the end of the book that are just blank for seemingly no reason? | [
"Books are printed in signatures. A signature is 8,12,16,or 32 pages printed on a single large sheet of paper. The sheet is folded 3, 4 or 5 times Sigs are stacked, trimmed and bound. The compositor decides where ‘leftover’ pages fit."
] | [
"you might be like me in that you don't know the best way to put what you are trying to say into words because of all the thoughts running through your head. that's my 2 sense"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Books:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Books:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Speech and Language:"
} |
How can doctors tell how much longer a patient can live? | [
"Doctors make predictions like this based on past cases. They can look at how many people had a particular disease and at what stage and how often they tend to survive from that point. It's an estimate but it's based on real data."
] | [
"It's not the ideal situation, but as long as a person has one healthy kidney it's perfectly possible to survive, live long, and prosper."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why would anyone choose to smoke cigarettes over vape? | [
"well there is very little long term research that has gone into the effects of vaping so tbh we don't know that its better for you than cigarettes. obviously neither of them is healthy for you"
] | [
"It is basically the same thing with different flavours, but there are some major differences. The biggest one is that nicotine is not the only addictive chemical in cigarettes. When you can get down to just an e-cig, you only have that one addictive chemical. Not to mention the fact that you aren't burning anythin... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What does "crisp" and "dry" mean when it comes to beer? | [
"When speaking of alcoholic beverages, \"dry\" is the opposite of \"sweet.\" If a fermented beverage has a lot of residual sugar in it, it will be sweet. if the sugars all get used up by the yeast, or if some other method of reducing the sweetness of the beverage is employed, it will be called \"dry.\" Beers use ho... | [
"It’s all about the mouthfeel, store bought will have a thickening agent added to it at the factory. I doubt you’ve ever done anything at home to thicken your own chocolate milk. Mouthfeel refers to the physical sensations in the mouth caused by food or drink, as distinct from taste. But despite the fact that it’s ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is it that people are able to sense when they’re being watched? Is the feeling of unease merely coincidence, or is there some biological component? | [
"They actually can't, people just normally look around periodically to see if they are being watched and tend to remember when they are and forget when they are not. This leads to the impression that they somehow knew it in advance (our brains are weird that way, generating false memories). If you actually do contr... | [
"It cannot be anything but a product of our own experiences and environment. Regardless of moral compass we condition ourselves to what is truly right or wrong in our own scope of reality rather than that of the majority. The gut feeling is simply an emotional and/or physical response to something you perceive as r... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How do enzymes work? I know that they speed up chemical reactions, but how? | [
"Chemical reactions are all about energy and position. In regards to energy, some reactions need a certain amount of energy to start, even if the reaction ends up releasing energy in the end. Some enzymes help to reduce the amount of energy needed to start the reaction. In regards to position, some reactions requi... | [
"This is because in order for an organism to function, trillions of different kinds of chemical reactions need to take place in their bodies. Typically, chemical reactions are very very slow, so slow that living beings can't utilize them. However, one way you can speed up chemical reactions is to dissolve the react... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do the exact timings of solstices and equinoxes vary? | [
"The timing doesn't really vary, it's just our calendar that's not exact. If we wanted to we could define our calendar based on the exact dates of solstices & equinoxes. We already have a calendar which we have refined to be more accurate by determining when leap seconds need to be added."
] | [
"Do you have a source telling you the southern vernal equinox is on the 21st? Everything I've read says they always happen on the same day. I mean, the equinox can fall between the 21st and the 23rd depending on the year, but the northern autumnal and southern vernal equinoxes should always be the same."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Where do worm/slugs/snails come from in a controlled urban, concrete environment? | [
"The cocrete is just a thin layer put overtop the normal ground. There are indeed worms and things living down there, moving from one plot of open soil to another."
] | [
"Dust can fall into the water. I can taste a distinct difference in uncovered vs covered water overnight."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are you able to jump higher when running than when standing still? | [
"It takes no effort to redirect momentum. A ball hitting a 45° slope will bump up. Yet the ball has no muscle! You intuitively know that, and you will put your leg almost 45°forward so that your forward momentum get converted to upward momentum by simply keeping your leg straight. But because you have muscle, you c... | [
"It feels good because you're not fighting gravity. It easier to lay in a bed than stand, right? Same concept."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Given the sugar-free options, why haven’t they made candy with aspartame, splenda or stevia? | [
"The sugar free candies everyone is mentioning are also made with sugar alcohols. The reason those candies aren't very popular is because sugar alcohols pass through the system mostly undigested, which leads to cramping, diarrhea, and other intestinal upset, but for the purposes of the actual structure of the candy... | [
"It doesn't actually taste like sugar or have the same mouthfeel. People like sugar because it's sugar. No known sugar substitute effectively replaces sugar. They might be sweet but none of them are perfect substitutes. It might be better than other sweeteners but it is definitely not a 100% replacement - try a sod... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are eggs such an important cooking ingredient in a lot of recipes, including baking? | [
"The biggest reason is eggs are a natural source of lecithin. Lecithin is an emulsifier that binds both fats and water together. With out it, many foods wouldn't have the texture that it has. Unfortunately my chemistry knowledge is rather weak, hopefully someone else can explain more about it, because i'd also lik... | [
"Often because it has lots more salt in it than you'd use at home. Butter is used in lots of restaurant cooking, too, which also enhances flavours."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why does the red light at a stop light disappear when viewed through a blue tinted window (like the thing at the top of a windshield that reduces glare) | [
"Blue glass looks blue because it filters out all colors that aren't blue. Stop light doesn't have any blue, only red, and the red gets filtered out because it isn't blue which leaves nothing at all."
] | [
"Instead of the light reflecting off of the reflective surface behind the glass of the rearview mirror, when you flip it up, the light is reflecting off the glass part of the mirror. It's a darker reflection because the light doesn't reflect as well off of glass than it does off of the thin foil behind it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How do electronics measure the amount of electricity left stored in the battery? | [
"A lot of it is sophisticated, depending upon the battery...but for simple designs (such as lead acid car batteries) it is entirely based upon voltage. They are nominal 12 volts. Full charged they are actually a bit overcharged and about 14 volts. Once they start dropping down to 9-10 they are starting to get unlik... | [
"They do not die in the sense that they are broken. They are just empty. Usually, the battery is recharged while you are driving the car, thereby converting chemical energy from your fuel into electrical energy to recharge the battery."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
what prevents cow's milk from separating in the fridge? | [
"By homogenizing it, running it through a process that breaks down the fat particles to a small enough level that they just aren't capable of separating from the surrounding liquid they are held in. This is why its called homogenized milk on the container. I confused emulsification and homogenization earlier, my b... | [
"Because it's been contaminated as soon as you open the lid. Refrigerating it will lengthen its shelf life. You could leave it out but it won't stay good as long. The fridge slows the growth of bacteria because of cool temperature. Mayo has eggs and oils in it that go bad."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
how do people do a freedom of information request for secret documents that are unknown to the public before the request? | [
"Generally, they have some idea that the documentation should exist. So, say, if a reporter was doing a story on a polluted \"superfund\" site, he might submit a FOIA request to the EPA for files relating to that site. Obviously, if you already had more details, you'll narrow down your results a bit (ex: the repor... | [
"police budgets are paid for by tax dollars and subject to open their documents for transparency. police and legal proceedings are a matter of public record. anyone can go request public records."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why does periodic table look different in different countries? | [
"Are they? I thought it was all standardized to the point where even the letters of the elements (H, He, Li etc) was the same regardless of the language or alphabet used"
] | [
"It has a few different meanings in different contexts. What setting are we talking about?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about finance:"
} |
Why is kissing so enjoyable to humans? | [
"There is not proof of any factual reasons. Some think its pheromones and nerve endings telling you it's good. And no, a lot of other species \"kiss\" bonobo monkeys being one of them."
] | [
"So what is it about human physiology that makes this work differently for us?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does most animals, if not all, likes rubs/scratches/pets ? | [
"You're grooming them, you're taking the maternal role which is something most mammals will instinctually warm to. Also, you're usually petting/scratching an area that the animal may have difficulty reaching itself."
] | [
"There's a theory that the mechanoreceptors (pressure receptors) can overpower the nociceptors (pain receptors) in your skin. Hence the scientific fact that we all want someone to give kissy kissies our boo boos wah wahs."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Animal behavior:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Animal behavior:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Biology:"
} |
Why does Alexa respond to me saying a word that sounds similar to Alexa, but does not respond to any commercial that uses “Alexa” in its commercial? | [
"Amazon [mutes certain frequency ranges to prevent Alexa from responding to its own commercials](_URL_0_). For third-party ads, like [this one](_URL_1_), they pretty much need to blacklist certain audio clips."
] | [
"The one thing that most Android flagship models have over other smartphone flagships and lesser Android phones is that the voice to text functionality is extremely useful and accurate. That means you can talk to your phone and it types what you write, you can ask it questions and it answers you, and the answers ar... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
If the creation of new species happens due to mutation, how does the new creature reproduce when it is the only one of its kind? | [
"New species emerge *gradually* through a series of small mutations. At any given time, they are still able to mate with slightly less mutated versions."
] | [
"Physical features have nothing to do with being a species. Being a part of the same species is defined as being able to breed and produce offspring that can then produce more offspring."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about biology:"
} |
Why do drawings that look more realistic look creepy or a little off putting. | [
"When something is clearly unrealistic, we have no expectations that it should be right. When something is clearly just a sketch/cartoon, our minds fill in the missing details, which thus are automatically right. But when something is detailed, we expect it to look right, or else it seems defective/uncanny. _URL_0_... | [
"Symmetry is the first step into the uncanny valley. Maybe in art symmetry is considered beauty, but on humans it feels disgusting and artificial to me."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Art and History:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Art and History:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does fever occur when a person gets an infection? | [
"In response to infection, your body's immune response sets up an inflammatory response. Part of this response is releasing chemicals into your blood to attract white blood cells to target the infection. These chemicals also enter your brain and tells your brain to turn up the thermostat (hypothalamic set point) an... | [
"You catch a cold by getting a virus. Cold can suppress your immune system and make you more susceptible to getting sick, but cold by itself cannot directly make you sick. You have to be exposed to the cold virus to get a cold."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does clear tape make frosted glass see through? | [
"Great minds think alike. Yarr! Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: Why does scotch tape make translucent glass transparent? ](_URL_1_) ^(_ > 100 comments_) 1. [ELI5: Why can you see through frosted glass after putting scotch tape over it? ](_URL_0_) ^(_11 comments_) 1. [ELI5: Why ... | [
"You can see through glass, but if you take that glass and chop it up in a pile you cant see though it anymore. Snow and ice work the same way. See wiki article for refraction"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:"
} |
Is there a correlation between how hard you blow and the size of a bubble? If not what defines the size of a bubble? | [
"It's liquid tension - the harder you blow the more force is pushed against the inside of the bubble which has more potential to pop it. A slow smooth bubble will allow more surface area without breaking liquid tension"
] | [
"I'm not an expert and someone feel free to correct me, but I think it's mostly due to humidity. How much moisture is in the air makes a huge impact."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how "cracking" a joint or your back in a certain area relieves the pain/tension you're feeling in that area. | [
"Great minds think alike. Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: Why does it feel good to crack your back? ](_URL_3_) ^(_7 comments_) 1. [Why does it feel so good when I crack my back? ](_URL_6_) ^(_ > 100 comments_) 1. [ELI5: What does \"cracking your back\" do, and why does it feel ... | [
"A change in blood flow to the head area. Whether it is muscle inflammation or chemicals, the change in blood flow isn't regarded as a good thing to your brain. The sensors on your veins and arteries will send a signal to your brain saying something changed and a pain signal is created. The more the change, the wor... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How does a tree know it's tall enough to start sprouting branches? What causes trees to grow tall before sprouting branches and leaves? | [
"A tree will start sprouting branches right after the germination process is done. So first branches should be expected to be a few millimeters above the ground. However it is common for lower branches in a tree to fall off due to lack of sunlight in the shadow of the upper branches or due to damage from animals. S... | [
"Conifers tend to be triangular because they don't drop their needles and often live in snowy places. The triangle shape holds up best to the added weight. Plus it's efficient in terms of how much energy has be spent on growing a trunk, and again, they live in colder places with less competition. Deciduous trees ar... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Botany:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Botany:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why is is so hard for goverments/groups to shut down The Pirate Bay completely while they managed to shutdown KickAssTorrents in 1 hit completely? | [
"Imagine a bully at school. It's the same one each day, taking the lunch money of the same handful of kids. You take note that kids seem bullied, and it's very easy to identify who the bully is, after all you only have to talk to a handful of kids to get something of note, plus everyone is pointing the same direct... | [
"Torrenting isn't illegal. Sharing certain things is. Also - they have been shut down, and are facing criminal charges. You can host anything on the internet, you just need to find a place where those laws don't exist. Recommend watching 'TPB AFK' - documentary on them"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What causes depression to have such a strong impact on sleep? Such as severe oversleeping | [
"Not a psychologist/neurologist. So two reasons that I know of: 1) Apathy/inability to face the world. Emotionally, depression makes one care less, it easier to stay in bed and one feels zero motivation to get out. It is also easier to continue sleeping than to wake up and face your depression. It’s an escape. 2) N... | [
"The short answer is that neuropathways in the brain are restricted so the chemicals that would normal pass through them freely are now not getting through at an acceptable rate. This leads to changes in moods, thought processes, and even physical behavior. Now to be clear not everyone who is depressed suffers from... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why have movie trailers not only become much longer but now most seem to include the entire plot and end scenes condensed into the trailer? | [
"Could I also ask, on top of that,why do so many trailers seem to start with a 5 second trailer trailer"
] | [
"Because a novel is usually 200-500 pages and then an ending. It's possible to cram most of what happens in that novel into the movie without missing the best part, or skipping over anyone's favorite character. In the case of superhero comics, they usually go on for years and years, with dozens of plotlines and cha... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How does music copyrighting work? If an old song made a melody famous and a newer song used the exact same melody, is that considered taking someone's intellectual property? | [
"If the original property is public domain, it's fair use. If the original property is still owned, whether it be by the original artist or the publisher/label/whoever, then the newer artist must obtain permission to use it. Usually the property only becomes public domain when the original owner let's the copyrigh... | [
"They don't, necessarily. Many pay for the use of the sample. If they are part of a major label, their is much scrutiny before a release and often a large enough budget to pay for the sample. Smaller artists will often take the risk because they most likely won't be sued unless their music is popular. The drive to ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about music:"
} |
Why do services like Google Translate only offer "simplified" versions of Mandarin and Cantonese Chinese translating? Are the variations of Chinese that complex? | [
"It's actually a specific character set used in China when writing. The government there pushed in the mid 20th century to make it more popular and to encourage improved literacy rates. So even in China the characters could have been confusing, at least to those with a lesser education. Not everyone uses the simpl... | [
"Part of it is that while there is a unified Chinese *written* language, there are dozens (maybe hundreds, I don't know for sure) of difference *spoken* Chinese languages (i.e. dialects). Pinyin corresponds to Mandarin Chinese (the official spoken language) while there are many other dialects (Cantonese, Shanghaine... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is it that the front wheels of a semi-trailer have rims that extend further out than the tyre but the rear wheels have rims that are recessed? | [
"The rims are shaped like a bowl. There is only one wheel/tyre at the front so the \"bottom\" of the bowl is showing but there are two tyres/wheels stuck together at the back so they put one wheel back to back with the other so the nuts and bolts that attached the wheels to the axel are passing through the shortest... | [
"because the steering wheel is connected to the front wheel by a long column called *drumroll* the steering column if you look at the side profile of a typical car, the driver sits above and behind the front wheels. hence the steering column needs to connect diagonally. if you look at a bus, the driver sits very m... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Transportation:"
} |
What is a Boltzmann's brain? | [
"The details differ depending on the interpretation, but basically the universe is at least partly random and permits the creation of subatomic particles, atoms, or molecules through this random behavior. Because of this, however unlikely it may be, given an infinite universe on a long enough timeline, self-aware \... | [
"Do you mean the Monty Hall problem? That might be your first issue."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What does having an extra exhaust pipe (2 in total) do for a car’s performance? | [
"On normal cars with small engines, nothing except the look. The reason you'd NEED it on bigger sized engines is because they take in more air, use it to combust the fuel then they need to expell the air and pressure from the explosion. If the air isn't exhausted out fast enough then you restrict the efficiency of ... | [
"This is gonna take some clarifying. Typically when you are referring to straight exhaust pipes, what you are saying is that the exhaust pipe has no catalytic converter, resonators, or mufflers. By law, cars are required to have some sort of muffler and catalytic converter to meet sound and emissions standards. As ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
When filling a water bottle from a tap, why does the pitch of the tap increase as the bottle fills up? | [
"Because the pitch comes not from the tap but from the bottle. It's the frequency the column of air between the water level and the top of the bottle resonates at. Therefore, the pitch rises as the bottle fills and the column of air gets shorter. Incidentally, The pitch depends (almost) *only* on how much air is le... | [
"Hot water is less viscous. That is, it flows more easily than cold water. You can hear the difference in the water's thickness as it goes through the pipes and out the faucet."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Physics:"
} |
Why do some pictures taken on my phone take up more storage space than others? | [
"The phone is compressing the data to help save space, but some images are more compressable than others. Lets say you accidentally take a picture of the inside of your pocket. It's a 1000x1000 pixel image, and they're all black. Instead of saving \"black pixel\" one million times, you can save this image as \"blac... | [
"So, I've read a lot of the answers, most of them are saying similar things. Where does it save the vide on your computer? For example, if I have less than a GB of space left on my computer, why can I still watch a several-minute HD video on YouTube without running out of space?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do you feel so much better after vomiting? | [
"Vomiting is the body's reaction to feeling as though (for whatever reason) the contents of the stomach are responsible for what's causing the body's current problems, or at least they're not helping (having too much food to digest while under a great amount of stress and physical exertion for example). Similar to ... | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why does your nose get runny and stopped up whenever you cry? | [
"Basically the tear duct connects to the nose and acts like a kind of drainpipe with the nose as the overflow - _URL_0_"
] | [
"It's basically snot. Your eyes are actually connected to your sinuses, so mucus from your nasal cavity can come through your test ducts. Also the reason you get a runny nose when you cry. The eye crust helps clear dirt from your eyes while you sleep. Just keep clearing it away like you do. It's not dissimilar to b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Health and Physiology:"
} |
Big Bang and the observable universe diameter | [
"It expanded faster than the speed of light. Speed of light (or more correctly of causality) is the speed limit for things traveling through space. Space itself has no such limitation."
] | [
"That's why nobody talks about \"The age of the universe\", but only, \"The age of the observable universe\"."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Astronomy:"
} |
what keeps train tracks grounded to the floor? | [
"The weight of any train going over them pushes down on them, in addition to their own weight and the static friction coefficient between sleepers and ground is higher than the rolling or sliding friction coefficient between train and track. Combined with the structural strength of the tracks this means they won't ... | [
"Like youre five: If you're going to build a building you have to make sure the building won't fall down. In snowy areas you make your walls stronger. The civil engineer knows how to calculate how strong to make the wall."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do you figure out if you’re disassociating? Is it any different from ‘zoning out’? | [
"Mild dissociation would be like daydreaming, getting “lost” in a book, or when you are driving down a familiar stretch of road and realize that you do not remember the last several miles. A severe and more chronic form of dissociation is seen in the disorder Dissociative Identity Disorder, once called Multiple Per... | [
"Well, that’s not normal. I’ve asked a few people and that doesn’t happen to them either. Are you feeling well? Any sudden headaches? Strange aches in areas of your body?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do objects of different masses hit the ground at the same time? | [
"Have you noticed that it's harder to push a heavy object than it is to push a light object? That's called the object's momentum. That is, its resistance to change in speed. So, gravity pulls on a heavier object more, but this is exactly balanced out by the object's momentum so that all objects end up moving at the... | [
"There is another factor here besides air resistance: After falling 1 meter through a vacuum, both an ant and a person would hit the ground at the same speed and at the same time. Even though the drop appears larger relative to the body of the ant, the gravitational acceleration the ant experiences is not proportio... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Do we have a physical model for spacetime? | [
"It's hard to ELI5 for cosmology! Space time is special. It's not made of touchable stuff, and it's not made of energy like light or heat. It does spread out or clump together based on how much energy and stuff there is in certain places. Space time is its own special thing which is why it's difficult to compare it... | [
"There is a lot more to it. For example it isn't just an expansion of \"stuff\" but an expansion of space itself, through a process we really don't understand. It is more about the underlying processes than the description."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do gut instincts work? | [
"Your brain has two modes of thought. A fast, intuitive decision making system and a slower, more methodical one. The fast system (what you call gut instinct) is for making quick decisions. It is trained on pattern recognition. That is, does this current situation look anything like a situation you've seen in the p... | [
"Same ingredients, same results. Placebo effect might lead you to believe otherwise."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
why hasn't the wall been approved if it's so costly to have a shutdown? | [
"You don't reward bad behavior. If your toddler is throwing a tantrum because he wants a cookie, you can give him a cookie to stop the current tantrum, but that only makes future tantrums more likely. Instead, you let the toddler cry himself out, and then have a discussion with him about how cookies are for dessert... | [
"It won't, it's a scapegoat. People don't just cross the border to come into the U.S, people come on boats and planes and over stay their visas. If you want more security train better law enforcement, help fight isis, stop all plane travel ? The people behind 9/11 didn't cross through the Mexico US border, they all... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
true temperature vs ‘feels like’ temperature - which is accurate? | [
"> Which is accurate? True temperature is accurate in the sense of what the temperature actually is in the air of the environment. However this isn't necessarily the most *relevant* since what you *feel* like is the net result of your body trying to maintain its temperature against the environment. So if it's 55, ... | [
"Because temperature alone does not account for things like the sun heating up your skin, wind, humidity and various other factors. There are many different ways of measuring how hot or cold it feel heat index which takes into account humidity and global wet bulb which takes into account other factors like the sun'... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why do some surfaces feel colder than others? (ie tiled floor vs carpet) | [
"Because humans can't feel temperature. Instead, we feel thermal flow - i.e. how quickly is heat moving in or out of our body? A metal or a flowing liquid is a good thermal conductor. It can absorb a lot of energy, carry it away, and absorb more. Or, if it's hot, it can heat you up and bring more energy in to keep ... | [
"It has to do with how well the items conduct heat and retain heat. Metals are good heat conductors, so they will feel cool (what you're feeling is the metal drawing heat out of your body). A material like cotton isn't very good at conducting heat, it insulates and retains heat, so a bar of copper at 25C will feel ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the post about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the post about Science:"
} |
When writing a tip on a receipt at a restaurant, how do they charge you if you already paid? | [
"Charges are usually processed all at once at the end of the night. So you haven't actually \"paid\" until after closing time in most restaurants."
] | [
"At a restaurant you generally leave the money with the bill and then you can walk out, so you want exact change as often as possible. If you don't have it you can specify 'just give a $10 back' or whatever, or can get all your change then leave your tip on the table and clear out. For cabs it's generally just a ca... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The sun obviously has much stronger gravity than Earth, so why does the Moon orbit Earth and not the sun instead? | [
"It does orbit the sun. Every planet near us along with their moons are orbiting the sun. That being said, smaller bodies like moons, are orbiting planets while also orbiting the sun. It’s really weird. I can’t explain the math or science behind it. But this video does an excellent job of representing what’s occurr... | [
"We are in a constant falling motion, yes. But we are also in a constant sideways motion as well. Both of these affect each other such that instead of falling *toward* the sun, we fall *around* it. If our sideways motion were to slow down, we'd fall in. If our sideways motion were to speed up, we'd spiral away. As ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Physics:"
} |
How do truckers know when to weigh in, or if they have to stop? | [
"There’s usually a sign a few kilometres before the scales that advise them that they need to stop and weigh in. Flashing lights on scale signs also tells them the scale is open and they need to check in"
] | [
"They're required to be under a certain weight so they don't damage the roads, which are only rated to carry a certain amount of weight. Weight limits also apply for safety of the truck and other drivers on the road. If they're overweight, they're likely fined."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why is the winter solstice only the beginning of winter and not the middle? | [
"Because that's the definition of winter. If you're asking why the winter solstice isn't the coldest part of the year (i.e. why is winter colder than fall), it's because it takes time for the sun to warm things up, and it takes time for things to cool off. So just like why the hottest part of the day is a few hours... | [
"Summer is just the name we give to the period of time between the solstice and the next equinox. Fall is the name we give to the period of time between that equinox and the next solstice. So on for winter and spring. It roughly correlates to weather, but not governed by it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How do so many more people attend the super bowl than regular games when there is a limited capacity for stadiums? | [
"They don’t. For example, the Cowboys Stadium attendance record for a football game was set during a regular season game. Many people watch from home and it is usually the most watched broadcast of the year on television, but the seating capacity is what it is."
] | [
"It's to do with the population. If you think of it this way, there are only a certain number of tickets a team can sell for each game. The population of Denver (where there is 1 NFL team) is 2.6 million people. The population of New York is like 20 million. So they can afford to fill 2 stadiums. Plus, teams in cl... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
the difference between these names; England, Great Britain, the UK, and the EU. | [
"England is a country, Great Britain is an island, the UK is a country of multiple countries, the EU is a collection of European countries that work together in a union. [Here's a picture of the difference between England, Great Britain, and the UK](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"England is at the bottom, below Scotland and to the Right of Wales. It is one country. Great Britain and Britain are the same thing and mean the collection of England, Scotland and Wales. The UK is Britain plus Northern Ireland. The full name is The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, or for the ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Geography:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Geography:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Geography:"
} |
How is that when we see a extremly bright light on daylight, our sorroundings become darker? | [
"There are two effects that cause that: 1) Your pupil will shrink to a very small size on detection of bright light, decreasing the total light going in by a significant amount. 2) Your brain automatically adjusts \"exposure\" which is how much to amplify the raw signal. The video you showed is much more dramatic ... | [
"I don't know what you're talking about but could it be because the sunlight is shining through your red blood vessels so your eyes adjust to the red and as a result the blue is 'overexposed', so to speak?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does peeing into a toilet cause so many bubbles? | [
"Urine has varying amounts of protein in it. Lots of protein causes more foam. It basically forms a lattice, which combined with surface tension of water is able to capture air bubbles. Some foam is fine. If you consistently have VERY foamy urine, you might need to talk to your doctor about it, because it could be ... | [
"Sometimes when you make pee pee it comes out at a fast speed, which makes air bubbles and you see foam. This isn't always the reason, like you've noticed. If you drink a lot of fluid at once, you can still pee quickly and it not be very foamy. This is because it's very diluted. Other times there may be a lot prote... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Science:"
} |
What are and how effective are sabermetrics, and can they be applied to other sports? | [
"Sabermetrics in baseball is a statistical analysis of performance. The idea is to shift away from aggregate measures like \"hits per at bat\" which have tactical dependencies that consider who's on which base and the overall state of the game. Instead, statisticians look at measures like OPS+ (runs per out relativ... | [
"Statistics is a branch of mathematics. The math does not change, but how you apply it does, and that is what tailor made classes do, teach you how to apply the math."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How do earphones separate sound in vertical space? | [
"There are a couple of reasons that we can hear what direction a sound is coming from: •Left to right is the simplest, we can pick up the slight delay from the sound taking a little longer to get to one of our ears and figure it out from there •The other directions are because of the unusual shape of our ears - in ... | [
"Most audio is recorded in two audio streams: Left and Right. This makes sense because we only have two ears. Since there are two different streams, you get one per speaker. To make the audio directional, you just have it louder in one side compared to the other. This is exactly how our ears work to determine where... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why has the Venezuelan economy collapsed and what is currently happening with the refugee crisis? | [
"Venezuela’s economy collapsed because they switched to a fully centralized communist regime and fucked over a bunch of American oil companies so on their way out they destroyed a lot of the infrastructure they’d helped to build and Venezuela is operating on a phone system from the 1960’s and basically having to re... | [
"A multitude of different reasons. Some of which are: - Syria's civil war, which has displaced millions of Syrians - Sectarianism and cultural/religious marginalization and persecution throughout the Middle East and Northern Africa - Escaping volatile countries e.g. Afghanistan, Iraq - The chance to live a life fre... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What was u/1R0NYMAN’s plan to get “free money” and how did it fail? | [
"He over-leveraged himself by something like a 40:1 margin. Leveraging is playing with borrowed money. This has the effect of magnifying the effect of every market move and makes it very easy for the value of your account to become negative. This can only happen if you use leverage. He did the market equivalent of ... | [
"ELI5 how the hell do people get doxxed so easily"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How can search engines query search results in just a matter of seconds from all over the internet? | [
"Search engines use bots that constantly crawl web pages all over the Internet for content and keywords. This creates an index which is much smaller in size than the web pages themselves. What the search engine is actually searching is the index these crawler bots created this is quick because the engine and the in... | [
"They serve mostly text, which is far smaller than images. You can download the entire Wikipedia as of November 2006, and it's only about 6-7 gigs compressed. Hell, you can carry that around on a flash drive. Also, the text is almost entirely static. There are no huge and complicated databases behind the site, tall... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How far can we see into space? | [
"If you mean, observable objects, in good light conditions, Andromeda is visible to the naked eye, and 2.5 million light years away, making it one of the most distantly visible things to the human eye."
] | [
"Because we can't see very well in it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How are "impossible" puzzles conceived of and designed? | [
"Prototyping. Creator makes a prototype version of the puzzle out of cheap pieces/paper/whatever and if it's proven to work it can be reproduced with more lasting materials."
] | [
"The way he is learning seems simpler to someone else. Perhaps it actually is simpler, and just seems complex to you because you haven't studied it. However, changes to curricula are nearly always ideologically motivated, rather than evidence based."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Education:"
} |
How does EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) work? | [
"Great minds think alike. I may have found yer answer, matey. Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: How does EMDR (Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) therapy work? ](_URL_1_) ^(_40 comments_) 1. [ELI5 EMDR therapy. ](_URL_0_) ^(_18 comments_)"
] | [
"Psychologist: A person who has obtained a PhD in Psychology. They may or may not practice psychotherapy (many just research). Psychiatrist: A person who has obtained an M.D. and specialized in the field of psychiatry. They may or may practice psychotherapy. They are also the only psychotherapists who are allowed t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How long can bacteria stay alive in isotonic solution? | [
"According to my biosystems engineer source they won't die any faster than normal starvation and old age. What that is for your particular bacteria will vary."
] | [
"I believe because the vinegar makes the water solution too acidic for most bacteria to survive in."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Betting on a 9 horse race, why does a quinella box of 4 horses pay out less than a quinella box of 5 horses? | [
"You're trying to find pairs of horses. For a four-horse box there are 6 combinations (4 & times;3/2). For a five-horse box there are 10 combinations (5 & times;4/2). For a nine-horse race there are 36 combinations (9 & times;8/2) but that doesn't matter here, because it's the same number no matter how big your qui... | [
"Comparative purposes. Fractional betting odds (as opposed to decimals or moneyline) commonly use a single denominator which isn't the lowest, but is consistent across a table. Say there's 4 horses in a race, you might see a spread of odds like this : 4/6, 4/2, 4/12, 4/3 Sure, you could write it as: 2/3, 2/1, 1/3, ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What’s keeping weather forecasting from being a highly accurate science? | [
"I am going to buck the trend here and say \"TV Media areas\" Have you ever driven across town and realized its raining but wasnt where you came from? Weather can be very local in ALOT of cases, whereas your meteorologist on TV or on Accuweather is predicting the weather over a whole city or county. Flood, Tornado,... | [
"Making a great search engine is very hard."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What would Jupiter’s gravity be like if it was made of rock and not gas? | [
"If it were the same mass, its gravity would be the same. Gravity doesn't care about phase."
] | [
"Gas is the same stuff as solid matter, just all spread out. Every particle of matter has its own gravity; the gravity of a planet is the combined gravity of each of its particles. Also, gas giants are only mostly made of gas - they're believed to have solid cores and oceans of liquid."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How does an Airplane’s breaks work? | [
"Commercial jet Planes have two forms of brakes, regular disc brakes that are used below a certain Speed, and something called \"thrust reversal\" which is what is initially used when the plane first lands. The flaps are used to slow the plane down in the air to land, but once on the ground are fairly worthless bel... | [
"Do you know how a fan works? If so just turn it around"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do front wheel cars handle better on ice and snow than rear wheel? | [
"Put a pen flat on a table. First, drag it along by its tip. Then, push it in the game direction from the back. Which of the above resulted in a more stable path? Obviously the first. Same thing with a car. With FWD, the front wheels are dragging the rest of the vehicle behind it, resulting in a more stable traject... | [
"Because when you accelerate, turn, or brake, you're putting extra wear on the tires doing that work. Having more weight on the tire also wears them out faster. That's why the rear tires of front-engine, front-wheel drive cars wear out the slowest, and why the rear tires of rear-engine, rear-wheel drive tires wear... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why do our finger tips and toes get super wrinkly while swimming or taking a bath. | [
"Laboratory tests confirmed a theory that wrinkly fingers improve our grip on wet or submerged objects, working to channel away the water like the rain treads in car tires."
] | [
"The white part is dry nails because it's not touching the skin and getting the natural oils. This is also why the white part turns translucent when you submerge them in water for long enough but go back to being white when they dry. I googled this a while back cause I was curious too hahaha"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Biology:"
} |
what makes quartz crystals so useful? | [
"One major aspect of quartz is that it is piezoelectric. This is when a material will produce a tiny amount of electricity when deformed by physical force. Such a behavior is very useful in things like sensors for microphones, guitar pickups, and ultrasound sensors for medical imaging. Another major use is that the... | [
"Sand that is used to make glass is different from beach sand. A special mix of purified sand is used instead. Its mostly silica sand, which is made from quartz (one of the most common rocks on earth). You can see how very pure quartz crystals are similar to glass. The sand on the beach is mostly silica, but doesnt... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
the pareto principle | [
"It is some times called the Law of the Few or the 80/20 Rule. The idea is that 80% of the effect comes from 20% of the causes. In my job in manufacturing, it comes up as 80% of the problems during manufacturing are caused by 20% of the parts. So you focus your effort on that 20% to get the most results for your e... | [
"for: all the data against: fossil fuel interests"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
When someone passes away, how do they preserve the body for a funeral 4 days later? | [
"I believe they put it in a morgue cooler, or funeral home cooler. Additionally, embalming assists with preservation."
] | [
"What i want to say: All-You-Can-Eat Ribs... By the Dumpster buuuuut the real answer is. That depends on a number of factors including: Any health-related issues suffered by the patient. Whether or not the limb may need to be preserved for additional medical testing or as evidence in a criminal case. The personal ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why does alcohol make me awake and nicotine make me sleepy even though alcohol is a depressant and nicotine is a stimulant? | [
"Alcohol although a depressant, spikes your blood sugar which gives you energy. Consuming nicotine reduces anxiety making it easier to fall asleep."
] | [
"A depressant is not something that causes depression. A depressant is the opposite of a stimulant, it makes you less focus and drowsy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why is Digital Cable Signal measured in Decibels? Is that a measurement of how loud something is? | [
"Decibels are used for ratios, so they can be associated with many things. It may help if you see the equation used to convert to decibel decibel value = 20*log10(value/reference value) You can create a ratio between any 2 values. Typically they have the same unit and physical meaning, to make things easier. * F... | [
"they don't, really, other than that the decibels increase as you increase the volume. there is no set relationship between the volume number on the TV volume control and the actual decibels produced. In fact, it varies quite a bit. One TV's 5 setting might be just as loud as another TV's 10 setting, for instance"
... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do they generate unique MAC addresses? | [
"The first six characters of a MAC address are assigned to a manufacturer. Allocation is controlled by IEEE. After that it's up to the manufacturer to make sure they don't make duplicate devices. In case you are curious: _URL_0_"
] | [
"It would be nice if there was someway to block these signals."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
what is a tax write off? | [
"For businesses, most tax \"write offs\" are for things that they all ready spend money on, but can now save on because of tax deductions. Here is a good link. _URL_0_ It can work the same for individuals as well. If I am planning to move for work, I can deduct my moving expenses from my taxable income. Yes, I hav... | [
"you are buying a right to future earnings. thats the short answer"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do game devs take months to port console games that are already released to PC? | [
"PC ports have to run appropriately on many, many different types of hardware unlike when a game is developed for a console."
] | [
"Old games are built on old platforms and need to be re-engineered to work on modern platforms. Game devs do release old content all the time. You can go on your phone right now and download a ton of Square Enix's old games that have been ported to Android and iOS, but there has to be a financial incentive for them... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about videogame development:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about videogame development:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why can’t cancer be cut out of the body? | [
"It can. It's when there's little bits left that things become shitty. Or when it has spread so much that cutting it out will technically be coring you our like a dried up apple."
] | [
"With current technology, you cannot viably grow a healthy, working organ ready for transplant from stem cells. Maybe in the future though."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
When adult teeth come down to replace baby teeth, what happens to the space in the skull where the adult teeth were? | [
"\"As the top and bottom primary teeth come in, the empty space left behind is gradually filled by growth of the maxilla and mandible, respectively. During the time period when teeth are actively coming in, teeth can displace into the empty space left by other permanent teeth that are no longer there, resulting in ... | [
"Babies have less teeth than adults which leaves more room for them to grow in correctly. Once adult teeth start to grow in sometimes the additional molars make the front teeth crowd."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how does (or doesn’t) it benefit the economy to make charitable donations tax deductible? | [
"It is mostly irrelevant to the economy. However making charitable donations tax deductible will tend to increase the amount of donations to charities which can benefit the society, but at the cost of reduced tax revenue which in turn will either limit government projects (unlikely) or simply shift tax burdens into... | [
"Write offs, also known as tax incentives, are a way to get the public to spend money on things that the people who wrote that tax rule want to have happen. Want people to own houses instead of renting them? Let them write off their interest. Want people to give to charity? Let them write that off their income to s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why did early color TV programming look so artificial like the color was added in later? | [
"Film ages, and with age, fades. I see it when I look at old still pictures of family from those days."
] | [
"A long time ago they used to hand paint every single slide on the film strips. This is why the colors sometimes look blotchy or weird. They also used to dye entire segments of the film one color so a whole scene would be tinted red or purple or something to evoke a certain mood. As far as adding color to black and... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why are feminists called feminists and not equalists? | [
"Because, historically, women and femininity were the denigrated aspects of humanity. It would be called \"masculinism\" if it had been the other way around. It's that simple."
] | [
"Because anything \"feminine\" is considered degrading to men. Sexism hurts men too."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why when you fall to sleep for a short period of time do you oftan wake up feeling more tired then before? | [
"your body releases a chemical to help you fall asleep, when you wake up you are still under it's effects for a few minutes."
] | [
"It's more that you are constantly waking up through out the night, you only remember the ones where the alarm wakes you because you actually get up and don't fall back to sleep."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Sleep and its effects on the body:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Sleep and its effects on the body:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Technology:"
} |
where does electricity go? | [
"Electricity is a circuit. No circuit, no electricity. A solar panel pointed at the sun is like a charged battery. If you don't connect anything to it, it has charge but no electricity. Point the panel away and it's now a flat battery. If you do wire it to a curcuit, the circuit allows this charge to flow and do ... | [
"Volts: how badly electricity want to go from here to there. Current: How much electricity actually goes from here to there."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When snow is on the ground, why do only a few dots of snow reflect? Why isnt it a sheet of reflective light? | [
"Snow is crystalin in shape. Only those crystals that are in the correct position to reflect the light back to your eyes, shine. Imagine a 1000 randomly scattered mirrors and 1 bright light, you will only see the light in the mirrors that are angles correctly to reflect the light back to your eyes."
] | [
"They have more density due to the water which blocks out the light, causing a shadow on the underside. If you were looking down onto the same cloud it’ll still be white."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does cooking food remove nutrients & fiber? | [
"Cooking food can denature (break down) some of the nutrients in it via heat. If you cook in water and do not consume said water (boiling but not making a stew) you will also lose some in that water. That said cooking also makes it easier for you to digest food. It is softer and partially broken down allowing us t... | [
"It is not about the carbs, it is about the vitamins, minerals, and natural fiber."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
When Copying a File from one HDD to another, why is the copying Speed decreasing over time? | [
"Hard drives have a buffer of faster memory. This is so that if you are transferring smaller files it can do it quite fast. Once the buffer gets filled (as it does with large transfers) then the write speed has to drop to the slower platter write speed."
] | [
"Quicksave stores the save information in the system's working memory (RAM). Saves that take longer get saved to the system's permanent storage (HDD, SSD, SD card etc). & #x200B; That's why quicksaves tend to get lost when you reset the game or turn the device off."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
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