query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
How does a cellphone receive texts while it was turned off, once you turn it on? | [
"It doesn't receive them while turned off. The network knows which texts have been delivered and which ones have not (because your phone is off or you're out of coverage etc), the ones not delivered it keeps trying to deliver. Once you turn it on and the network realises your phone is connected it delivers all the ... | [
"So basically, your phone may shut off its components, but like a computer motherboard, there is a little battery *specifically* used to keep time even when the phone or iPod is powered off. So, yeah. What kind of iPod do you have by the way? I have a 4th gen touch, and it does not keep track when it dies."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How does the brain store and recall memories? How a bunch of cells randomly remind me of embarrassing moments all day?? | [
"It helps to remember that everything you perceive in the first place is just an arrangement of neurons and their connections in the brain. You don’t directly experience reality. You experience the reconstruction of reality that your brain creates based upon input from your senses. A memory is just the brain taking... | [
"Because your brain simply isn't built for that. It relies on triggers and connected neurons to recall information. Most information from the same set of information isn't even stored in the same location. The memory of what what you had for dinner last night is stored in a different place than the memory of how it... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why are certain professional sports disproportionate racially to the population? | [
"Are you actually asking why a lot of sport stars are black, but in a PC way? Basically it comes down to opportunities. Sport is the one field other than music where ANYONE from ANY background can be recognised and excel. Its the one field where a black kid from the hood has as much chance as a middle class white k... | [
"Mainly because around the time that competitive sports leagues were getting set up in the US in the late 19th and early 20th century, the soccer leagues were absolutely inept and prone to infighting."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why does 65°F feel very different in an air conditioned room during summer, vs an unheated room during winter? | [
"What is “comfortable” is what is helping you reach your ideal temperature. If you’ve just come inside from a hot day, you need to shed excess heat and the cooler temperature will help you with that. If you’ve come inside from the cold, you need to warm up, and the cooler temperature impedes that. If you stay in th... | [
"This is more related to relative temperature than actual water temperature. The pool temp is probably pretty constant, we'll call it 65 degrees Fahrenheit. If it's 90 degrees outside and your body has started to adjust to that setting, 65 degree water is going to feel nice and cool. On the other hand, jumping in a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The Fabric of Space Time | [
"There is no \"other side\". I think you're imagining it as a two-dimensional sheet. It's common to simplify four-dimensional spacetime into a two-dimensional sheet and then show distortion in spacetime as a warping in the third dimension. That's simply a thought experiment to help us better understand since we can... | [
"The Art of War in the Western World - Archer Jones"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Education:"
} |
Why haven't companies like Western Union, and other firms that serve the same purpose, die due to PayPal and Venmo? | [
"A large number of people use only cash, so an online service that draws from a bank account they don't have would be useless."
] | [
"Up until recently national banks had far greater perks to being a member than credit unions could ever hope for. You mention banks all over the country, but it goes beyond that. Bank of America has agreements with national banks in other countries. If you were in Germany in 1995, as Bank of America member you coul... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What causes a suction cup to stick to a surface? | [
"Vacuum. A suction cup works by creating space where there was no space and does not allow the outside atmosphere to come in. This imbalance of pressure allows the air pressure from outside the suction zone to press on the cup and hold it to the smooth surface to which it is attached. This is similar in principle t... | [
"The cracks are thermal shock (similar to how alternating hot and cold on things can make them break) Ice sticks to your wet hands because it freezes the water on your hand. This is the same thing as when you lick a cold flagpole."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Iphone lightning cables are sold at lots of gas stations which will sporadically decide to charge the devices or not. Either apple's special chip-cable, or selling blatantly bunk cables should be fraud, no? | [
"This either cables are lower quality. Smaller wire will have more voltage drop under load, which is which the iPhone thinks it’s charging initially, then rejects the cable. There’s just not enough juice. On the other hand, go to eBay. You can get plenty of OEM cables and chargers there for cheap cheap CHEAP"
] | [
"There s a chip inside the lightning cable that tells the phone that its a legitimate chip approved by apple, if the phone doesn't see this, then its not legit. Yes it can be hacked, thats how some knockoff cables from China were introduced."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
What is “heat death” and why will the universe end because of it? | [
"Basically, one of the fundamental rules of how matter and energy behave is that they move from being uniformly distributed across space. If you put a hot room next to a cold room, eventually heat will flow from the hot room to the cold room until they're both the same temperature. You'll never see heat flow from t... | [
"Entropy comes from thermodynamic laws that basically states everything is moving to a state of MORE disorder. The example I always got was an unbroken egg, it has a certain amount of entropy and when it breaks entropy increases! You can't put the egg back together. On the scale of the universe everything naturally... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does a signal from a cellphone know where to go? | [
"The signal from your cell phone initially goes everywhere. That is, it radiates out in a sphere. It should pretty quickly find a cell tower. From there it's up to your cell phone provider to look up your buddy's phone number and hand off the message to your buddy's cell phone provider. Then your buddy's cell phone... | [
"If you had access to a powerful transmitter of the correct frequency, knew where to aim it, and understood the transmission protocol you could send your own commands."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Science and Technology:"
} |
Why can we go to bed hungry but wake up not hungry? | [
"While asleep your body goes into a state that uses much much less food for energy,eating 1 hour before bed is not recommended for this reason. You just do not use nor does your digestive system works efficiently towards passing food. When you wake up it takes a bit of time to start your digestive system which giv... | [
"You only choose to take a nap during the day if you're already tired. But you always go to bed at night, even when you aren't tired."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Sleep and its effects on the body:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Sleep and its effects on the body:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why are humans faces and characteristics so different from each other, while almost every other animal look all the same? | [
"They aren't. The individual members of almost every species of animal are just as unique as every human face. We just can't tell because our brains aren't wired to pick up those subtle differences."
] | [
"Yes, those differences in appearance are caused by one genetic abnormality that causes all the other symptoms of Down's syndrome. If the other symptoms of Down's Syndrome made it easier to live life as humans, attract a mate and have children, then it could become part of what you could call 'evolution'. Persons w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about biology:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about biology:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about biology:"
} |
Would two objects of the same density but different weights fall at the same rate underwater? | [
"Not necessarily. if you have two pieces of the same type of steel alloy and one is heavier and shaped like a sphere and the other is lighter but stretched out like a thin piece of sheet metal they will fall through the water in different ways and the heavier spear shaped one likely will fall faster. You could als... | [
"In a resistance free environment, momentum and its direction will remain constant regardless of mass changes. Therefore, the object will continue on its previous path. Same principle as dropping an elephant and a penny from a height in an airtight environment for example. They will both accelerate at the same rate... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:"
} |
Why are eyes stringy and what is it | [
"I may be incorrect, but think of your iris as a muscle (as it technically is). Most of your muscles are striated (i.e they're composed of a bunch of long fibers clumped together). It's been a long time since I've studied anatomy, and I apologise if my information is in any way incorrect."
] | [
"Its the secretions aka tears that lubricate our eyes, it evaporates and leaves behind a residue, sleep in your eyes or as my ex girlfriend called them, eye bogeys."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Biology:"
} |
Why are people so concerned about tax brackets for the rich when they can do write off and deductions so it doesn't make a huge difference anyway? | [
"\"People\" aren't concerned. A couple thousand exceptionally rich families are, who then tell their representatives to be concerned about it. These families, being rich and powerful, hold a lot of sway with their representatives in government, and can literally make and break people and things, with a flip of thei... | [
"Basically they accept only a small amount like $1 for a salary and they get the rest in stock options for the company. That way come tax time each year they are only taxed on their salary, not their stock options. They only get taxed on the stocks after they sell them. They sell a few here and there to get money t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
why does water taste “sweet” when you’re thirsty? | [
"Water does have flavor based on what minerals are present, but when you’re thirsty it’s more satisfying."
] | [
"Dehydration: you're so thirsty because you haven't had enough water. Overhydration (in the case of diabetes insipidous) : you've had too much water because you're so thirsty."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do tax brackets work and why do a lot of people think if you get a raise you actually earn less money? | [
"Its not too complicated when you break it down. A simple system might look like: $0-$10,000 - 0% tax $10,001 - $20,000 - 10% tax $20,001 - $30,000 - 25% tax $30,001 + - 50% tax So in this scenario, if you made $35,000 you would pay: 0% for the first $10,000 = $0 in tax 10% on the next $10,000 = $1,000 in tax 25% o... | [
"Someone making the federal minimum wage of $7.25 would make about $14.5k, and pay $4350 in income tax, leaving not very much to live on. So to make it fair, we tax lower income at a lower rate, because they don't have much to begin with."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why testicles aren’t covered by any bones or kept inside rather than just a thin layer of skin? | [
"Heat is bad for sperm production that’s why your body made a small sack for it to rest outside of your body and not get as hot as your organs inside. And it doesn’t have bones bc the muscles need to be able to pull them closer to your body in case it gets cold Edit: missed a word"
] | [
"These young animals weigh fairly little, so the stress on their tissue from the weight is very little. Usually the parent grabs some loose furry skin that is sort of made for use as a handle."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How do name suffix's work, whats the difference from John Doe III and same person being John Doe Sr.? | [
"Senior is the first (Latin for \"elder\"), junior is the second (Latin for \"younger\"), and from there you use III, IV, V."
] | [
"In America at least the \"J\" a lot of the time stands for junior. Ex: Tom Smith Jr. might go by the name \"TJ\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why is the sun bright and seems like "white" light but turning more "red/orange" in the evening? | [
"Its the same reason the sky is blue. Shorter wavelength light, blues and then yellows, are scattered easier than reds and oranges. When the sun is low in the sky there is more atmosphere for it to travel through and the effect is greater."
] | [
"The moon is actually a dark grey color, it only looks white from here due to the contrast with the infinite blackness of space. The sun emits light at all wavelengths and peaks in the yellow-green, but it can appear red or orange at sunset since the atmosphere is screening out blue. At noon it's definitely white, ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How does the ISS not run out of oxygen? | [
"Electrolysis of water (H2O) is the main method to generate oxygen aboard the ISS. Water is split into oxygen (O2) and hydrogen (H2). The oxygen is vented into the breathable cabin air system, known as the Oxygen Generation System, while the explosive hydrogen is vented externally."
] | [
"What if you were wearing a sealed helmet with oxygen supply and no way for air to escape the helmet. What would happen to your body?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Science:"
} |
Why does ex-cigarette smoker gets an instant need for cigarette after few drinks or less? | [
"I can think of two reasons: Many people smoke and drink at the same time, which creates a mental association and makes the habit come on stronger as a result when they drink. Drinking also lowers inhibitions, making the craving harder to resist."
] | [
"It's not pleasant, at some point it's you notice that the cigarette you just had wasn't about enjoying it, it's as if some other part was having a cigarette and you were there only as a mediator. I've been on it for 8 years now and i tried to quit for over 30 times. It morph itself into every casual ritual you hav... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Health and lifestyle:",
"pos": "Represent the post about Health and lifestyle:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How do pain relievers like Advil and Tylenol "know" where the pain is and temporarily cure it? | [
"By going into your brain and blocking the pain receptors. Pain relievers don’t go to the injury, they go to your brain."
] | [
"That depends on what you are talking about. A specific drug to target nerve pain is going to be different than something specifically tailored toward rheumatoid arthritis. They aren't specifically always blocking the pain response. They may be stopping the thing that causes the pain or like opioids they may just d... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How does a DVD player know when you're recording the video feed and instantly turn to static? | [
"There is a channel called \"Technology Connections\" that explain a lot of this kind of stuff, in a audio-visual format, if you would want to see that as well."
] | [
"Is one HD and another SD. This is they only time this happens in my house. The HD channels are a second or two behind SD so that when you switch to HD, you can easily compare the quality with the same past few seconds from the SD channel."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is stem cell research? And why do people vote for and against it? | [
"Generally the type of stem cell research people get angry about is embryonic stem cell research. A fertilized human egg becomes a small ball of cells called stem cells. These are valuable because they have the potential to turn into any cell of the body and grow people new livers and kidneys and things. The prob... | [
"Stem cell research seemed very promising for research in a number of areas which would help human beings suffering. Generally George W. Bush was not big on long lengthy thinking. In this case he spent a fair amount of time to come up with what I thought was the wrong decision. We do not know what could have been d... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why haven’t we started using graphene on everything (batteries, computer parts, clothing, etc)? What makes it so difficult to work with? | [
"I am not an expert, but from what I know there's 2 main reasons: 1. It's still quite difficult to mass produce graphene to an amount where companies can incorporate it into there products. 2. As with a lot of nanotechnology, we are still learning about them. The truth is that while they may be useful for a lot of ... | [
"Like the Playstation, it only does everything. Nanotech is a science that invents materials to enable other fields science and engineering to advance. So it can lead to stronger, more flexible, responsive, self-healing building materials, allow medicine to produce nanomachines to repair organs. Enable the producti... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Where do magnets get the energy to do magnet things. | [
"Physics is weird. One of the things they teach you is that an object sitting on a table is applying force to the table, and the table is applying an equal force to the object, just in the opposite direction. This does not require any energy input. No work is being done. Magnets are similar. They apply a force on e... | [
"They're different manifestations of the same force. You can generate a magnetic field using electricity, and you can induce an electric current using magnets."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
the expansion direction of the universe. | [
"You are talking about 2 different things. The universe is expanding .Andromeda is headed towards us. Both are true but the other galaxy headed towards us isn't because of expansion,it is because of gravity .Gravity effects things closer to it than farther away so even though expansion is moving everything farther ... | [
"They would combine into a larger black hole."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:"
} |
the accusative case in linguistics | [
"It should be said first of all that not all languages use the Accusative case equally. What I mean is, one language's verb for \"to teach\" might put the word for \"students\" in accusative case, while another language might put the students in dative case. But in general, Accusative case is the case of transitiv... | [
"Even more common in some. In most (if not all) latin-based languages, all verbs in infinitive form end in the same suffix(es), for example, in portuguese they end in either -ar, -er, -ir or -or. We also have suffixes for diminutive and augmentative forms, so that makes it easier to rhyme as well."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are ships always referred in the context of a woman? An example, “she can sail the seven seas in 70 days”, not a good example but along those lines. | [
"In English and many other European languages ships are female. In languages like Russian ships are male and some languages don't really have the distinction at all in their grammar. In other languages it is quite common to give a gender to everything. Often a whole class of named objects has the same gender like a... | [
"Common sayings and proverbs don't have to make semantic sense. Ex: \"It's raining cats and dogs\". In this case though, it does make sense. Think of the 'have' as meaning 'keep' You can't keep your cake, and eat it too. Historically speaking, the proverb existed both with 'have/eat' order, and 'eat/have' order. Bu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Language and Culture:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Language and Culture:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do colours look different in artificial light to the way they appear in sunlight? | [
"Artificial light doesn't produce the same spectrum of colors (which combine to form \"white\" light) as natural sunlight does. Imagine if the frequency of light that we perceive as red was missing from sunlight - nothing outdoors would appear red to us, as no red light from the spectrum would be reflecting off tho... | [
"It may be the lighting! Try to see how you feel with natural light versus the light from your lamps. It can make a big difference."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why magnetic compass needle aligns itself with the Earth's magnetic field but the same doesn't happen with metal ships? | [
"The needle is magnetized to some extent, meaning the poles of the atoms are more or less aligned. A ship is just a big lump of metallic atoms with unorganized poles, so as a whole doesn't have poles and doesn't interact with other field like Earth's in an organised way."
] | [
"The \"true north\" is the direction to the geographic north pole which is the point where the Earth rotation axis intersect the surface. Magnetic north is the direction to the magnetic north pole. (The point where the Earth magnetic field goes downward). This is the north a compasses point to."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
What function do Sinuses serve? | [
"They warm and moisturise the air being inhaled, help catch impurities in the air like dust, and store gold, or some people would have you believe"
] | [
"What do you want to know about them exactly?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why do some wines get better with age while whisky stays the same once bottled? | [
"Whisky get’s it’s flavour from the barrels that it’s matured in. They’re kept in places with fluctuating temperatures which forces the whisky in and out of the wood barrel which colours and flavours it. When it’s bottled it’s stored in glass so this process can’t happen and as such it stays the same. Not all wine... | [
"There's no reason you can't. Most wine isn't going to improve much, if at all, aged in the bottle though. So it probably isn't worth your time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do so many oven windows have tiny dots all over them? | [
"the tinting is there supposedly to reflect thermal energy back into the oven that would otherwise escape, making ovens more efficient. So otherwise they'd lose a lot of thermal energy and work harder to compensate, requiring more energy."
] | [
"There is a glass pane covering over the actual reflective surface. What you are seeing is the side of the sticker that is on the glass. However, because the glass is thick, there is distance between the sticker and the reflective surface, so you can see the back through the glass. Did that answer your question?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Physics:"
} |
I honestly don’t know the whole “Man from Nantucket” limerick, and obviously don’t explain it like I’m 5, I’m sure it’s too dirty for that. But, what is it? No one has been able to give me a clear answer my entire adult life, and Google it’s actually useless for this. What have you heard? | [
"You can find it on the [Wikipedia page](_URL_0_) about the poem. There are many variations, but they’re generally vulgar, and end with the expected “f-bomb”"
] | [
"I remember asking this very question in SexEd class and the PE teacher looked at my like I was retarded. This was 20 years ago. Still wondering so hopefully someone answers well."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why/how do some buildings become negatively pressurized? | [
"If the building also has opening windows or perhaps patio doors onto the balcony outside wind patterns can also cause a low pressure zone in the building. If there are many openings on the wind ward side, then the building will tend to become pressurized over and above what ever the HVAC system is doing. But if th... | [
"Thermal energies and tall buildings, heated air from the lowest levels of a building rise to the highest levels (through the elevator shafts mostly ) as such the suction of the air flow is so great that revolving doors had to be put it in tall buildings to keep the strong incoming winds from pushing people over , ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is laughter so darn contageous? | [
"You are programmed to imitate things you like. a smile consistents of less then 10 muscles, your muscle memory knows what it looks like, your brain remembers it feels good. Similar to a possee of drunk white girl singing wonderwall. All it takes is one person to initiate a 3 minute howl fest. Now, you see them.lau... | [
"Because pizza is delicious and lactose intolerance isn't that prevalent."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why do airlines wait so long to notify passengers of delayed or cancelled flights when they know the necessary plane hasn’t taken off from its prior point of origin yet? | [
"They might be able to use a different plane. Until the actual delay is known and other avenues of delay-reduction are applied, it would be a waste to tell customers there has been a delay because in the end, there might not be. Plus, people should be at the airport early for their flight, which often means by the ... | [
"The airplane flying your flight arrived at that airport from another flight, and from another before that, etc. So the most common reason your flight would be delayed in good weather is that the flight that jet was just on is delayed as well. It could be held up due to some passenger issue, or that flight could ha... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How does fast reading work and is it really efficient enough as that of an average person? | [
"I've heard people say that you should skip sentences or only read the top and bottoms of paragraphs and shit, which is really stupid. Reading quickly shouldn't be a substitute for understanding what you read. If you read a lot you'll get faster at it obviously, but if you're not reading half of the text then you'l... | [
"We do it in the same way that you capture the writing style of a writer when reading a book in your own language. How easy this is depends on the nature of the source text. I'm a professional translator, but I avoid reading translated literature for pleasure, maybe that tells you something."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
aesthetically speaking, what is the science behind “your good side” ? | [
"Most people are not perfectly symmetrical. If you take a picture of your face, cut it down the middle and then reverse each side to make a complete face, the two faces will look slightly different. It’s not usually an extreme difference, but I is there. Given that they aren’t identical, it’s not completely shockin... | [
"here's the easy way to look at it: objectivity: facts. subjectivity: opinions."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why are USB cords taking over? | [
"For low power devices, a 5v DC power source may be a lot cheaper to build a device to use rather than including a AC adapter and voltage adjustment down to 5v or whatever is needed. USB power sources have also become a lot more common over the past one/two decades."
] | [
"ELI5 why you are putting your fingers on the computer's screen."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why use a savings account when you have a checking account? | [
"Back in the 90s and earlier, interest rates were WAY higher. We're talking 10% on your savings accounts. Having even $1000 in your account means you made $100+ in interest per year for doing nothing. Nowadays, interests rates are insanely low, often in the 0.5-1.5%. It's not really worth it to keep money you might... | [
"Interesting on a savings account is taxed, while earnings from a Roth IRA are tax free. Additionally, an IRA will probably have a far higher interest rate than a typical savings account at the bank."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
if you were addicted to drugs/alcohol and then put into a coma for a long time; would you still have a dependency on them mentally after you woke up? | [
"Assuming you are in the coma long enough to go through withdrawal, you shouldn’t have a chemical dependency any longer. Whether you have a behavioral dependency still is liable to be a bit murky as going into a coma often comes with some major mental side effects already, so predicting the mental state you are goi... | [
"Drugs such as meth and cocaine release a HUGE amount of dopamine into the brain. Dopamine makes you feel good. The pleasure receptors in the brain start to crave this and therefore you start craving drugs. Thats pretty much what makes drugs, food, sex, porn, or just about anything pleasurable addictive. I'm no exp... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How did aliens become associated with Area 51? | [
"In 1989 a man named Bob Lazar had an interview with a Las Vegas news reporter where he claimed to have worked at Area 51. He said he was tasked with reverse engineering the propulsion technology of an alien craft and described it in a very detailed way. The story got a lot of attention and eventually spawned simil... | [
"It’s confirmed that it’s a test site for development of new planes. The U-2, SR-71, F-117 and B-2 were all secretly tested there. That’s not a secret anymore. But some people believe there’s also a large underground base there where they keep aliens, UFOs and the only existing copies of Shrek 5 and Half Life 3"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why are humans in general (including me) opposed to or frightened of bugs/insects? Why do they make people uncomfortable, despite their size? | [
"Human beings are intelligent, yes, but we're also animals. Survival is at our core. Fear of creatures that can bring great harm (whatever their size) is instinctive. There's not always time to sort good (docile bumblebee!) from bad (raging wasp!), so: duck, dodge, flee, or kill: survive."
] | [
"Phobias are more of an extreme fear of something. Lots of people claim to have arachnophobia when all they do is go 'eugh, spiders' at the sight of one. An actual arachnophobe would legitimately have some sort of panic attack if they saw a spider. Really, it's just humans being humans. Why do you think we're afrai... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How do some dryers automatically sense when your clothes are dry? | [
"They measure the humidity of the exhaust air. When it's not moister than the input air, the clothes are dry."
] | [
"All the most common \"crease-free\" setting does is keep the temperature up in the dryer and spins the drum back and forth once a minute or so - in order to stop the clothes from settling in one spot and forming creases. It just buys you some extra time between when the clothes are dried (i.e the main cycle) and w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does yawning exist? | [
"Actually, medical science doesnt really know. There are several theories; Including Yawning - especially contagious yawning - is a way to keep groups awake and aware of damger. That its caused by a build up of carbon dioxide in the blood. That yawning helps with cooling the body. That it can be linked to nervousn... | [
"Relevant/expansion to the question: Why do we make noises when we feel pleasure in general? And pain?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does washing your hands with soap and water remove germs? | [
"Oil, dirt, and bacteria bind to soap, and the water rinses them off. It doesn't kill the bacteria unless it has some antibacterial properties added to it. \"The soap molecule has two different ends, one that is hydrophilic (polar head) that binds with water and the other that is hydrophobic (non-polar hydrocarbon... | [
"It is better at freeing up oils. Imagine trying to wash butter off a plate using cold water. If you tried it with hot water, it would melt right off. The same goes for oils in your hands and your clothes. The oils can trap bacteria, which is why washing with warm water and soap is important."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What is a framework and what does the .NET one do? | [
"A \"framework\" is kind of like a toolbox for computer programmers. It provides standardized pieces of code that can be used for all manner of things. Programs written to a particular framework will work basically the same anywhere the framework is supported. The .NET framework is one of many, and its designed to ... | [
"Programmer is to construction worker as software engineer is to architect."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why is our food hole the same as our air hole? Doesn't it only result in things like choking? | [
"Evolution co-opts structures that are already available to it for new purposes. Not everything about our makeup is there because it is the best possible design, but often because it was a functional design that was easier to stumble onto through a series of gradual accidents than a better but more complex design w... | [
"So you don't die. Water doesn't go there, and when it does, you can be at risk of drowning. Having a severe reaction to even a little water up your nose it a good way to keep you out of trouble."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
The difference in seasons in northern and southern hemispheres | [
"Seasons are the result of the tilt of the Earth. Earth spins on a slight angle compared to the circle of its orbit around the Sun. This means that at different times of year, the poles are pointed towards or away from the Sun. This affects how much daylight the poles get, with the impact decreasing as you get towa... | [
"Different skin colours help in different climates, darker skin tones nearer the equator, lighter towards the North and south poles etc"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why does Tupperware not dry in the dishwasher like all the other dishes do? | [
"Two reasons: It's plastic, which doesn't hold heat as well as glass or ceramic, so the water trapped in it cools off faster and doesn't evaporate as quickly. Also, it tends to have more places that can trap water, so there's more water that needs to evaporate."
] | [
"Why can't you reheat things in the microwave twice?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
how come the moon waxes from left to right in the northern hemisphere, but bottom to top near the equator? Is it right to left even further south? | [
"The earth is a sphere and the moon orbits roughly along the equator. So those in the north the moon is in the southern sky so it waxes from left to right. In the south the moon is in the northern sky so the moon waxes right to left. Imagine a train on a track moving west. If you're standing north of the track faci... | [
"The sun doesn't rise and set at the exact same spot every day. This is because the Earth while spinning on it's axis also tilts in relation to the sun (this is, by the way, the same reason we have seasons). Where the sun rises therefore also depends on *where* on Earth you are - in the Arctic circle, for example, ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Astronomy:",
"pos": "Represent the post about Astronomy:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
What exactly is happening on the molecular level when we use lotion and our skin gets softer and smoother? | [
"2 things: hydration and retention. When you put lotion on, the water (or oil or glycerin) in the lotion soaks into your skin There is another part, a fatty part, that acts as a barrier to the water evaporating off of your skin. Most lotions are emulsions. Some form of oil and water combination has been processed s... | [
"From what I understand, you can't hydrate your skin externally. You must drink water and hydrate from the inside out. Lotions and creams give the appearance of hydration and softness but they don't actually repair the skin. However lotions do stop additional moisture from being lost. To fix dry skin apply lotion a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do sticky materials (like glue/tape etc) work? | [
"No one knows (*ghost noise*) [This guy explains it ](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"Couple things going on here: 1. Is the thing itself sticky, or is it coated in something sticky? Some things are inherently sticky (like certain kinds of rubber) whereas others are coated in sticky stuff (aka adhesive). If it's coated, then each time you stick it something, some of the adhesive is getting left beh... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
What happens to human organs and tissue when they are removed from a body during surgery? | [
"Assuming they're not being studied, they're disposed of as medical waste. Generally they'll be stored in what's essentially a special dumpster. A company that specializes in disposing of it will then come, collect it, transport it to a disposal facility, and then destroy it by incinerating it."
] | [
"Donating your organs is if you die unexpectedly while healthy (like in a car crash) and they can be given to people who need them for transplant (it requires that they be fresh). If you're much older, your organs may not be ideal for transplant. Donating yourself as a cadaver, they'll preserve you so you can be ex... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Ear and Throat Connection | [
"I have the same \"condition\". It happens because a branch of the vagus nerve travels too close to the ear canal lining, making it possible to stimulate it mechanically. This stimulation triggers the cough reflex. It isn't anything you need to worry about, just a cool feature of your body."
] | [
"Sleep - Shake Unconscious - Splash Coma - Wait and Hope Vegetative State - Wait and Bury"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
In accounting world, why are assets listed as debits for balance sheets etc, | [
"Most of the time, when you hear about accounts, your are hearing about someone else's accounts. Mostly, yout bank's. For a bank, your savings balance is a debt, an amount of money they have to pay you. Similarly, and your loans are an asset, some money they expect to be paid. So loans are 'Credits', and assets are... | [
"An increase in an asset account only consumes Cash if Cash was spent to buy it. You are correct in that an Accounts Payable liability credit can account for an asset debit, just like a loan. Without more context, it's difficult to say why they chose the wording they did, but it could be just an easy way of unsers... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
what stops you from falling out of bed, even if the bed is smaller than your normal one? | [
"[Tl:DR We get smarter about sleeping when we get older ](_URL_0_) > When we sleep, a lot goes on in our bodies. We continue to breathe and growth hormone is released – we do not need to be awake for these things to happen. Similarly, we have some awareness of our body position and movements, and some people even ... | [
"Maybe because the person picking you up isn't 10 times your size so it wont go with the same ease?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does Horseradish only burn your nose? | [
"The heat in horseradish comes from a highly reactive chemical ( isothiocyanate ). The chemical stays pretty stable as long as it isn't introduced to oxygen. When you chew on horseradish, you crush the plant (saliva also aids in breaking it down) and release this chemical which immediately reacts with the oxygen in... | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
If our body produces enzymes to break down and absorb all the major constituents of our food, what is it exactly that makes up our faeces? | [
"Dead skin cells, blood, fibre and bile, basically. The enzymes break down and *help* us absorb all the major constituents of food, but nobody's digestive system in 100% efficient, so there will always be waste."
] | [
"They have the proper enzymes and gut bacteria to digest the plant matter and extract or create the proteins and other things they need. They also eat most of the day."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
transparent skin but vastly different veins | [
"If I understand your question correctly, you are asking why the pattern of veins is different in your right arm compared to your left? Because you expect our bodies to be symmetrical? Our bodies are not symmetrical. For example, our liver and appendix are on the right, our spleen, stomach and heart are on the left... | [
"because its placed under the skin rather then the flaky outer cells"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Science:"
} |
why the probability of two people having the same birthday in a room of 20 people is like 50%, and not far lower. | [
"The probability that two specific people in a room share a birthday is 1 in 365 (ignoring leap years). With 21 people in a room, you check each person against every other person. That's 21x20 = 420 times you check. Note each pair is repeated, so there are 210 unique pairs of people. In order for there to be no peo... | [
"The example you gave at the bottom isn't fully accurate. If the two extremes are \"1 will not get picked even once\" and \"1 will get picked all 3 times\", the probabilities of those 2 outcomes are 0.99 x 0.99 x 0.99 (97%) vs 0.01 x 0.01 x 0.01 (0.0001%) - assuming that there are 100 balls. As for your question: p... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why couldn't a perpetual motion machine based around magnets work? | [
"Because all energy you gain from bringing them closer needs to be used to separate them again"
] | [
"Going back in time is, as far as we can tell, outright completely 100% impossible and never will be possible. Your example is kind of a weird way to consider exploiting conservation laws, though. The best way to fuck with the conservation of energy, though, would actually be to get teleportation buckets. Put one u... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How is information retained in solid-state memory devices after power is turned off? | [
"Think of an SSD as a bank of millions of switches. When the switch is on, it encodes a 1, when it's off, it encodes a 0. That's how the drive encodes data. When the power is off, the 'switches' simply stay in position, so the data is saved."
] | [
"Materials becomes brittle, magnetic fields are generated which can cause voltage to jump between parts on integrated circuit boards or wipe magnetic media, bits can be flipped which can corrupt the memory in solid state components, etc."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
is the equals sign lying to us? | [
"They aren't equal for all x, as you noticed. They are only equal for positive (x+1), and you aren't allowed to say they are equal otherwise. Usually when you express a formula in a variable x, you define for which values of x that equality holds. In this case, the equality holds only for (x+1) > 0."
] | [
"Is there a revealed hash I don't know about to maintain integrity?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What's the difference between touge racing and drift racing? | [
"[Touge racing](_URL_1_) is a type of racing. Drifting is just the technique used to put the car into a slide when going into and around corners and bends. Unlike a drift competition, drifting is not *necessary* in touge, but it helps because of the sports narrow bendy roads. & #x200B; Drifting was made even *more... | [
"> anyone unathletic can drive Anyone can also throw or catch a football, but that doesn't mean the professional's who play football are not athletes. Same goes for motor sports, you can't take any person driving on the freeway and put them into a 500 mile race and expect them to do well at all."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why fish isn't concidered as a meat. | [
"Personally speaking, my belief on eating animals is that I’ll eat anything that wasn’t born or bred for the express purpose of killing it later. Venison is meat but no one’s farming deer - serve it up. Fried alligator is a delight. And I eat a lot of fish because I have a lot of family that like to go fishing and ... | [
"Burning meat in no way makes it unhealthy for us to eat. Why do you think that it makes it unhealthy?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
have/do people actually view mythology as a legit religion? | [
"\"Mythology\" does *not* relate to a specific set of religious beliefs, it is just a general term/word that describes what individual religions do believe and the lore, the underlying story, of their beliefs. Generally \"mythology\" refers to the lore and deities (gods) of older religions that are no longer practi... | [
"There isn't one. Why are there so many questions on this site that think 'evolution' is the golden ticket to explain everything?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do some airports make transit passengers go through security again and others don’t? | [
"As /u/TehWildMan_ said, international flights can force you to go through security again. But, even within the same country you might have to pass through security when connecting between flights. The common reason for this is that many airports have multiple terminals which are physically separate buildings. Thos... | [
"Get there really early, and bring a pillow and enough stuff to keep you entertained. You check your bags if you aren't carrying them all on, go through security, then wait at your gate until your flight boards. You buy food or drinks once you get through security but it's all overpriced so eat before. Go to the b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Aviation:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Aviation:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
What is Autism, exactly? Do we even know? Or do we just have an approximated working psychiatric category, to treat people? What do we know of the causes, of it, and causes of the effects? Do we really even understand it at all? | [
"Thank you. My 19 year old son is autistic. He’s very high functioning, but your explanation helps explain some of his behaviors (like why he keeps his room so dark) that he can’t or won’t explain to me."
] | [
"That is waaaaaaaay too broad a question to possibly answer since 'insane' covers a multitude of different conditions and disorders, all with their own causes and that's even assuming that we know the causes in the first place."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do graphics in older movies look so shoddy years later, when there was a point the graphics seemed realistic? | [
"I think you'd be surprised at how much graphics are still improving. This is one of the reasons that a lot of films will use practical effects instead of cgi (they actually blow up a car instead of making it in a computer) because you can never get more realistic than just actually doing it and that makes your mov... | [
"It's kinda a strange concept, but since old movies were taken on real film, the film itself is basically HD (It's not that hard to realize either, if you look at some film, it's very very high quality picture) As long as you have the old film, it'll be convertible into HD into at least the near future (Past the ti... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do galaxies and solar systems have rotational patterns shaped like rings/discs rather than fully spherical? | [
"Imagine that you had a large ball. Now attach a bunch of small weights to that ball with bits of string. Finally, spin the ball. What happens? The weights all spin outwards and form a disc along the middle equator of the ball. That's where the ball is spinning the fastest and that's where the forces are flinging t... | [
"All orbits are in a plane that runs through the centre of mass of the object being orbited, although the angle of the plane will often gradually change over time. If you have rings, which are massive numbers of tiny objects in orbit, the only way they don't constantly collide with each other at high speed is if th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Where do files go when uploaded online? | [
"They go onto hard drives store inside servers in a data center somewhere. The database is indeed huge but it is spread out across many, many computers and usually many physical locations."
] | [
"Because all dragging them to the trash does is mark them for deletion. It doesn't actually copy them anywhere. When you drag items from your external HD to your desktop, you are copying the entirety of every file from the external hard drive to an internal drive."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How are herbivorous animals, for example cows, able to grow so big eating only grass? | [
"All they do is eat. Like all day. And they have bodies that are really good at squeezing all the energy from their food."
] | [
"Eating leaves is not the same across all leaf eaters. For example, Koala Bears and Cows are both herbivores, but Koala Bears can eat eucalyptus leaves which cows cannot digest. Getting the same amount of nutrition from grass is done differently from species to species. Rabbits for example, will eat grass and then ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does torrenting work and how is it different from a normal download? | [
"The idea of the BitTorrent protocol is that the person who originally shared the file is not the only person who can provide parts of the file to others. Instead, anyone with part of a file can share it to others who want to download it, thus allowing the download rate of all active clients to exceed the upload ra... | [
"Torrents can be streamed as well. But what I believe you're asking is why people download torrents rather than stream. The main reason is that torrents are much higher quality, and have higher bandwidth than some file that someone put online. Since a torrent can have hundreds of seeders, the download is much faste... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What determines the boiling/freezing point of elements and why are some so extreme? | [
"There are different types of “intermolecular forces” which are the forces that hold similar molecules together. Some include: covalent network, hydrogen, dipole-dipole, and so on. Different molecules are held together by different forces. Some forces, like hydrogen bonding, are wayyyy stronger than other forces. ... | [
"Water also expands as it get hotter. However, due to an odd quirk of physics, the liquid form of water at 0 C takes up less space than the solid form. This is not true for most substances, water is one of the few exceptions."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Chemistry:"
} |
How the over/under in sports betting works? | [
"You pick a target final score for a game. Then people place bets on whether the actual final score will be over that number or under that number. So if someone is taking over/under bets on a particular team scoring 50 points, if that team scores 40 points, anyone who took under wins the bet. Anyone who took over l... | [
"Imagine you played grandma in a game of 1-on-1 basketball to 11. Family members started betting on who would win. Assuming you were younger and more athletic than your grandma, most people would bet on you to win. But now lets change the bet to spot grandma 10 points. This changes the odds of the bet... will grand... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
why, at airport security screenings, do electronics need to be put in a separate tray? Can't scanners see through a bag/luggage? | [
"Large batteries and metal bodies of your laptop/tablets block x-rays, making it hard/impossible to see other things in the bag."
] | [
"Are you confusing an X-ray and a metal detector? A metal detector will be set off by anything metallic, your keys, change, laptop or a gun. It doesn’t really scan for things. A X-ray will show you the contents of a bag, and you can (sort of) visually distinguish each item"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How are two notes that are an octave apart "the same note" if they have different frequencies. | [
"notes one octave higher have exactly twice the frequency and have the same \"sound\" to humans. One of the earliest diatonic scales (similar to the modern do re mi....) have notes generated by using frequency ratio of 3/2 for each fifth note. (a fifth note to musicians is the interval between C and G for example) ... | [
"A note is a single frequency (for instance the Middle C note is typically a note that has the frequency 261.6 Hz ). A chord is a collection of notes played together or played in succession, a set of resonating notes. usually when you speak of a chord you are speaking of a specific chord that we associate to be har... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why does rubbing alcohol melt ice? | [
"Water freezes at 0°C, alcohol doesn't, it freezes at lower temperatures. Ice = water. Water + alcohol = alcohol, therefore the freezing temperature changes to lower than 0°C, melting ice."
] | [
"When they are cut you introduce oxygen into the cells which combines with an enzyme that oxidizes. You can counter this with acid like lemon juice. LPT: when you cut an apple in half rub some lemon juice on it to stop this from happening"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Food and Beverage:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Food and Beverage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Long term effects of high blood pressure | [
"No matter how much training a person does, there are still periods of rest and recovery during that training. No one has an elevated blood pressure level for a solid 8 hours, no matter how much training they do. Another factor: training elevates your heart rate, making the heart stronger. Elevated blood pressure ... | [
"Along the same line as riverjustice, the blood rushes platelets to repair wounds such as lacerations. There are many benefits provided by the increased heart rate and blood flow."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
what is Harmony, Melody and Texture in music ? | [
"Melody is the interaction between each consecutive note sung by the main voice. If music is represented as a number of wiggly horizontal lines drawn on a page, the top one would likely be the melody: one'd be able to follow that one voice as it goes up and down on the page. Harmony, then, is the relationship betwe... | [
"Help! Can someone explain SCOT and Structuration theory to an idiot?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
What would be the difference between a hypothetical mirror that can reflect 100% of light and a hypothetical white object that can reflect 100% of light? | [
"A mirror preserves the angle of the light which strikes it, while the white object does not. As a result, the mirror gives you a 'specular' reflection, or a mirror image. The white object gives you a diffuse reflection, the light striking it is scattered in many different directions, so you do not see a preserved ... | [
"*IF* you had 100% reflective mirrors it would be possible. However, no surfaces are 100% reflective, and as long as it's just slightly less than 100% effective, the energy entered as light will either escape to the outside of the box, or will become heat. Furthermore, light travels fast, really really fast, which ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
What does "camera exposure" mean? What do people mean when they say that a picture of a star/planet is "19 hours exposure"? | [
"It is referring to how long it took to take the photo Leaving the shutters open longer lets in more light for detailed pictures of such objects"
] | [
"it's the exposure of the camera. A similar effect happens if you take a picture of the moon from the surface of the earth, the moon is too bright and the exposure too short to get the stars. In this case you have the sun in the background. The exposure had to be really short to get this picture, the stars just don... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:"
} |
Flying hot air balloons | [
"It’s just wind. Hot air balloons have no steering mechanism other than wind. They are able to move up/down to various altitudes where the wind is moving in different directions to control their movement. Source: went on a hot air balloon ride a few years ago."
] | [
"It doesn't always lose nutrients. Flash deep frying with tempura can retain nutrients."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What's the difference between detonating a bomb and destroying one? | [
"Some bombs can be blasted apart with a small explosion that won't set off the bigger explosion. For example, C4 is very stable and takes a blasting cap to set off. There has to be the right combination of both heat and kinetic energy to set off a block of C4. To get rid of a bunch of C4, you can hit it with a powe... | [
"They actually *cause* fire/explosions to happen, just inside their cylinders. Are you asking how they prevent the fire from traveling and igniting the whole fuel tank?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How come when you are angry you want to stay in a bad mood? | [
"Anger is an emotion, and it affects how you process stimuli (even thoughts). It biases you toward appraising those stimuli as upsetting, and it can be hard to slow down and think about them differently. Because it is so effortful to calm down, it can actually be pretty indulgent to continue to be angry instead."
] | [
"This happens to me. I think I will just close my eyes for a little bit and wake up an asshole. It is so bad I try really hard to not nap."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Health:"
} |
If you draw on a foggy mirror or window, why does the image appear again the next time that it fogs up? | [
"When you touch the glass you leave behind a trace of your skin oils. The same thing would happen if you drew something on a piece of glass that wasn't already foggy."
] | [
"The surface of the ice cube has a rough texture when first coming from the freezer. By putting it in warm water, the water smooths the surface and you see the underlying clearness of the ice. It's like wiping the fog off of your bathroom mirror after a shower, except the fog is frozen to your ice cube. It has noth... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why do the bottoms of fingernails have a rounded, lighter color than the rest of the fingernail? | [
"That's called the lunula. It's the visible part of the root of your nail. This is where the nail grows from."
] | [
"They are excess cuticles. Just an overgrowth of the cuticle, which protects your nail bed from getting dirt or debris in it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Biology:"
} |
The mystery behind the Bermuda triangle | [
"there isn't one. Its mythology. It's one of the busiest shipping regions in the world, and sometimes ships/planes/etc run into distress or are lost. This became embellished into the idea that the disappearances there are statistically unusual. And that became further embellished into ideas like UFOs, Atlantis, or ... | [
"This isn't an explanation but newfoundland Canada also has a half hour time zone"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Dirty Glasses Appear Clean | [
"Your brain is really good at ignoring parts of your vision where you can't see as well. In fact, there's actually a blind spot in your visual field right now where there are no photoreceptors on your retina. But, you brain edits out this blind spot and you don't notice it."
] | [
"Sleep - Shake Unconscious - Splash Coma - Wait and Hope Vegetative State - Wait and Bury"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why do Hard Drives need to be defragmented? | [
"If you never deleted anything from a hard drive you wouldn't have to defragment it. But, when you delete something, you leave a hole. Later, when you write a new file it might not be the same size as the hole that was left. So, part of the file is written to the original hole, then the other part is written to the... | [
"A SSD is a solid state drive and are must faster. they can read write at a much faster rate and never need to be de-fragmented. The down side of this is that they are very expensive in relation to storage size so its most computers only run a small one. HDDs are slower and Need to be De-fragmented every now and th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How exactly does alcohol damage the brain? | [
"Not serious, but Cliff Clavin's theory is, \"A herd of buffalo can only move as fast as the slowest buffalo. And, when the herd is hunted, it is the slowest and weakest ones at the back that are killed first. This natural selection is good for the herd as a whole, because the general speed and health of the whole ... | [
"What source says that alcohol is bad for your teeth?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why babies don't suffocate inside the womb during the latest stages of pregnancy? | [
"Their circulatory systems are connected to the mother’s through the umbilical cord. Therefore, they are receiving oxygenated blood and don’t need to breathe."
] | [
"Because humans have gigantic brains. They basically have to be born 3 months premature, just so their huge heads don't kill the mothers during birth. Birthing that head is a bit trickier than birthing a calf is for a cow. Also, humans don't have to worry about predators finding their babies and eating them, so it'... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What part of the brain controls “muscle memory” and how exactly does it work? And can animals also develop “muscle memory”? | [
"Muscle memory is simply the result of movements becoming more automatic and requireing less concious attention through repitition that helps form connections in the brain. There are numerous examples of muscle memory in everyday life. Getting a fork from plate to mouth without stabbing yourself is due to muscle me... | [
"Riding a bike uses the same muscle memory and motor systems as many other repetitive tasks. The action and motion is \"encoded\" (for lack of a better term) in your brain when you learn it. Its the same reason why you dont have to learn how to walk every day when you get out of bed. Its also related (but not exact... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do our fingers naturally curl up at rest? | [
"As with basically all joints in our bodies there are muscles used to pull them open and closed (a joint which only moved one way would be pretty useless). The fingers are a bit unique in that there isn’t enough room to fit the muscles needed to actuate them so instead the muscles are back in the forearm, and only ... | [
"EIL5: Why can't I stop sitting with my legs crossed, even though it hurts my knees, and why does it hurt my knees?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why can some animals like horses learn to walk immediately after birth but for babies it takes up to a year or more for them to walk? | [
"When wild animals are born, they are born much more developed, as they would not survive very long without being able to walk, escape danger, etc. Human babies are born very immaturely compared to other mammals. Because of the size of a babies head and the size of the average woman's hips, a baby cannot be born a... | [
"Humans don't have to learn how to swim, a new born baby has the ability to swim because technically it has been \"swimming\" for the entire gestation period. If you bring a newborn/toddler to a pool they have the basic instincts to swim, its just because parents don't encourage it from an early age that you have t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is the principle of least action? | [
"Say, you take a rock, you throw it straight up, and catch it at the same height. Considering all the forces in play, record the amount of energy (the strength of your throw both vertical and horizontal) and the amount of potential energy (due to gravity, wind resistance, weight of the rock, etc) between when you r... | [
"Just a follow-up question to the original question - what about the reverse. What was Napoleon's view of the United States?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
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