query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Basal Metabolic Rate vs. Daily Recommendation | [
"BMR measures how many calories you use when your body merely exists to function, imagine sleeping for 24 hours, you'd burn your BMR of calories. Every additional task, including walking to the bathroom, chewing, driving, literally everything, requires energy that you get from calories. The recommended daily averag... | [
"Being Black Does Actually Have (Relatively Minor) Health Consequences, It's Just That They're Obviated By Modern Life. There's An Energy Cost To Have Extra Melanin, Even A Small One, So If You Don't Need It It Won't Be Selected For. Melanin Reduces Vitamin-D Uptake From The Sun If Sunlight Is Lower Than You're Ada... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do some poisonous chemicals say "If ingested, do not induce vomiting"? | [
"Some can be so caustic that they will do more damage coming back up as opposed to other methods of dealing with the toxin"
] | [
"Good rule of animal toxicity to remember: If you bite it, and you die: Poisonous. If it bites you and you die: Venomous."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Regarding allergies - When you have allergies of any kind ( unless difference matters ) what does the allergen actually react with in your body ? | [
"When the allergen first enters your body, it attaches to what's called an antigen presenting cell, where it then attaches to a T cell. The T cell the signals to B cells to release antibodies. The antibodies attach to the surface of another type of cell called a mast cell. When the allergen attaches to these antibo... | [
"You may notice that this tends to eat something you're allergic to or when you have seasonal allergies. It can't be relieved by scratching because it's an internal histamine immune response to the allergen. If you took some antihistamine, it might relieve the itching."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How do large companies send bulk letters? | [
"I worked at a company where I spent one whole week with just printing letters (I had data from excel worksheet), putting them into envelopes and then bringing them to post office. I had to take one colegue with me, because every day, it was like 60 kilograms of envelopes. So it’s mostly repetitive boring work som... | [
"Companies like that usually have many different sorts of products."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How can credit card companies afford to give away so many travel points? | [
"They make an absolute fuck ton of money on interest Those points giveaways are likely loss leaders...similar to how Costco sells a full cooked 3 lb rotisserie chicken for 5 bucks They'll make much more hand over fist in interest charges in the aggregate"
] | [
"I have multiple credit cards and carry no debt from month to month. I use a Discover cashback card as my primary card. I also have another Visa card that has travel rewards. In addition, I have two debit cards and another Visa credit card I haven't gotten around to cancelling yet. I have multiple credit cards for ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why cant we learn in our sleep? | [
"The part of your brain that processes language is... asleep. The part which stores memories is also mostly not working. The brain can't learn when it isn't doing those things."
] | [
"How are you going to change the filter?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How does water spontaneously evaporate? | [
"If you had thousands of bouncy balls in a big room with high walls, a few balls would occasionally get bumped out by the other balls."
] | [
"Different liquids have different boiling temperature points. Many liquids would start boiling at lower temperatures. Rubbing alcohol has 82.6º C boiling point for example. This means the molecules would gain enough energy at lower temperatures to evaporate (become vapour)."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How does a key in music work? | [
"In order to understand this, a look at a [diagram of the circle of fifths](_URL_0_) is needed. The outside letters, for instance you noted C major, is the major key, the inner letter is the corresponding minor key. So, a song of C major will make us of all the notes of the C major progression. In a nutshell, you f... | [
"Are you asking how a wheel works ?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How exactly does friction create heat? | [
"_URL_0_ Thermal energy is really just the atoms in a material jiggling. The more you heat something up the more the atoms jiggle back and forth. In a gas or liquid, the atoms can move freely bouncing around off of each other, while in a solid that atoms jiggle back and forth in place. When you rub or hit two objec... | [
"Because every electrical current causes warmth due to resistance."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The whole MAGA kid/Native Elder stare-down thing. | [
"Three unrelated events were occurring almost simultaneously in a relatively small area. 1) A group of high school students from Kentucky had participated in an annual march against abortion. 2) A group of Native Americans were participating in the annual Indigenous People's March. 3) A much smaller group of Black ... | [
"It's a great way to divide people. Really stir up their emotions and get us hating each other. Same reason that one dumb white bitch who said she shouldn't get a DUI because she was a cleans Thoroughbred white girl was on the news for several days."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why aren't all humans ambidextrous? | [
"it's important to understand that things have a biological cost. venom is the typical example. a venomous snake has to build and maintain a system that constructs highly specialized chemical compounds, and then also the systems that keep those compounds from killing it. your body spends a lot of resources on havi... | [
"I would personally give my left arm to be ambidextrous."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about science:",
"pos": "Represent the text about science:",
"neg": "Represent the text about science:"
} |
Why does it feel faster when coming back from somewhere rather than the ride on the way there? | [
"If you're talking about going to an unfamiliar place, it's because the brain is processing a lot of new information and is thus more aware of itself and the passing of time due to its heightened alertness. On the trip back, the brain recognizes most of these cues, and is thus in a lighter stage of alertness and le... | [
"Imagine running to the store a mile away vs walking. One burns way more energy than the other"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why has the average height of humans drastically increased over the past 100 years? How tall will humans be in 100 years? What about the year 3000? Is there a height that our bodies will definitely cap out at? | [
"The real answer here is better nutrition. There hasn’t been enough time for it to be an evolutionary thing. People just used to have much more sporadic access to food, and often of lower quality which stunted their growth. Food is now plentiful and easily accessible in much of the world, so people are more likely ... | [
"Humans natural lifespan without technological advances (medicine, agriculture, shelter, etc) was between 30 and 40 years. Putting us right in the middle for most apes. It is our technologies that let us expand our lifespans to 80-100+."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How do animals know how to do certain things? | [
"Same as humans. They have brains, sense organs, hormones, instincts, experience and subsequent problem solving, etc. Granted humans have a sophisticated language and mediums that facilitate mass communication and education, but even with the absence of that there is still instinct and learning -- a newborn babe wi... | [
"That is what they are adapted to do. It is like asking how fish can swim all the time or how whales can hold their breath for so long. The stress of being used for what they do isn't something difficult for nipples to do."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why do single taxpayers in the US have to pay more federal taxes than married taxpayers? | [
"The total income of the couple is treated approximately as if it was split between the two members of the married couple rather than by one person, which results in a lower tax burden. It would still be slightly better if it was actually split between the two people, so if both members of a married couple make the... | [
"While I don't have a source for the 45% stastic, a large number of people living in the US have incomes that fall under the lowest threshold for owing US income taxes. Nearly any individual working full time at near minimum wage, especially if married filing jointly with a single income, will owe nothing in feder... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why doesn’t saliva make us vomit? | [
"Saliva is something you are used to and doesn't really have a taste or much volume. When you get nauseated your body doesn't want more intake because it is less to throw up later. Also, it stems from protection from harmful substances not wanting to be ingested further. You are swallowing very small amounts of sal... | [
"Do you also cough when eating popsicles and frankfurters/hot dogs? If so, it might be your technique."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why Does Good Alcohol Feel "Smoother" Than Bad Alcohol? | [
"Pure ethanol is flavorless. The off flavors in spirits come from other fermentation products like esters and fusel alcohols. Those other fermentation products can't be totally separated from the ethanol without multiple distillations and losing a fair percentage of the end product. So cheaper spirits generally do ... | [
"Being Black Does Actually Have (Relatively Minor) Health Consequences, It's Just That They're Obviated By Modern Life. There's An Energy Cost To Have Extra Melanin, Even A Small One, So If You Don't Need It It Won't Be Selected For. Melanin Reduces Vitamin-D Uptake From The Sun If Sunlight Is Lower Than You're Ada... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why is ice lighter than water? | [
"Ice isn't *lighter* than water, it is less dense than water. It weighs the same amount but takes up more space. This is due to the particular shape of the crystals in ice pushing apart the molecules of water more than in liquid."
] | [
"It doesn't. Cold water freezes faster than hot water. This is a myth."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does an NFL game end if the overtime coin-flip winner scores a TD on its first drive? | [
"It’s the rule that if the first possession of overtime is a TD the game is lover. It was changed to this format in 2017 to shorten the game and improve player safety. I suppose it’s because after four quarters they’re so worn out that injuries are more likely."
] | [
"Essentially, teams have 4 \"downs\" (that is, plays/attempts) to gain 10 yards. So the when a team gets the ball, they are at \"1st and 10\" - they are on their 1st down and have 10 yards to go. If they gain 3 yards on that play, their next play will be \"2nd and 7\" - on the second down, have 7 yards to go. Once ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Do people actually die of old age or natural causes or is that just what people say when people die of things like cancer? | [
"Old age and natural causes usually refer to when the body’s organs age and begin to deteriorate. This is different than cancer, where the body is replicating certain types of cells more than it should."
] | [
"It basically means they weren't killed by some external agent, like a bullet, car accident or drug overdose. There are many ways you can die of natural causes, heart attack, stroke, pneumonia. It just means something else didn't kill you. And if someone is elderly and there is no sign of anything else, they aren't... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
The existence of sovereign nations with-in the USA. | [
"I can't speak for the US but in Canada Native American Reserves are treated as sovereign territory within Canada. They have their own government, and they don't pay taxes. However the laws of Canada still apply within that territory so the RCMP (Federal Police) still has jurisdiction. So long as a card carrying me... | [
"Because of their interpretation of some details in their practically same religion and historical, tribal diferences. Two reasons of most wars and conflicts."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What are those streaks to the left of this mushroom cloud and how did they form? | [
"[For some atomic bomb tests, they send up rockets just before they set off the bomb](_URL_0_). They do that for the smoke trails - they can use them to see where the shockwave is - the wavefront is denser than regular air, so light gets refracted by it. The smoke trails are basically a ruler drawn on the sky."
] | [
"They have more density due to the water which blocks out the light, causing a shadow on the underside. If you were looking down onto the same cloud it’ll still be white."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why is blood pressure measured in millimeters of Mercury? | [
"Pressure as a whole is measured in mm or cm or inches of mercury. It's because mercury is one of only a few materials that exists on earth as a liquid. Compared to water which boils at 212 F and freezes at 32 F, mercury boils at 674 F and freezes at -38 F. So Mercury is much better a material to use in a thermome... | [
"S/D Systolic over Diastolic. Systolic pressure is a measure of the force exerted against the walls of your arteries when blood is pumping. Diastolic pressure is the measure of the force between pumps when the blood is at rest. The pressure is measured in millimeters (mm) of mercury (Hg), just like a barometer meas... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why is a new moon different from a lunar eclipse? | [
"They're actually the opposite, pretty much. A lunar eclipse is only possible when the earth is between the moon and the sun -- that is, during the full moon phase. A new moon is the other way around, with the moon between the earth and the sun. A new and full moon happen *whenever* the moon is on the same side of ... | [
"The moon takes roughly 28 days to orbit the earth, so if the moon is full at the start of one month, it'll be pretty much full when the next month comes around."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
why/how does cold or rainy weather affect bad joints? | [
"Bad weather usually has lower air pressure. It's like opening a bottle of soda and it fizzes. The gas in your joints is adjusting to the lower pressure."
] | [
"Are you talking about day to day cold or seasonal. Diffenrt plants die when its cold and different plants have pollen released at different times in the season, its possible that day to day temperature difference can stimulate seasonal changes. additionally humidity might change the smell."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Health and Weather:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Health and Weather:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why dont babies rip out their umbilical cords in the womb? | [
"The umbilical cord isn't like a plug in a socket, it is a fairly sturdy tissue which is also stretchy enough to give in such a scenario rather than break. It is attached at one end to the baby (no quick disconnects) and to the placenta on the other end. A baby isn't going to kick its umbilical cord off of itself."... | [
"Depends on how old the kids are. Maybe they just learned where babies come from. Its embarrassing and funny for kids."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is Graham's number, and what's its use? | [
"Why not let Ron Graham himself tell you about it? & #x200B; [_URL_0_](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"Where did you hear that it's been calculated, or has a value? It's a philosophical concept, there isn't really math involved as far as I know. Are you referring to the singularity? I can see how someone could say that the singularity has a value of \"1\" in a weird sense."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is a video-game developed/created? | [
"It comes down to budget, engine, and genre. Each will influence the other. A lot of companies have exclusive software and engines, but will share with others. Engines are the central building block for the game, and house all the code and data. Version Control software is used to \"check out\" and edit parts of th... | [
"Are you asking how a wheel works ?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Video game design:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Video game design:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
If a programming IDE can identify that my code has errors, why can't it identify the error itself (or explain the error in layman terms)? | [
"It is my understanding that the IDE only tells you what it can't read and why. The system can't guess what your code is supposed to do because computers are so literal. It takes the information it has and gives you a corresponding code or bit of text to point you in the \"right\" direction. I am still a junior in... | [
"Normally, you talk about an algorithm as the abstract solution to solving a particular problem & a program is a concrete piece of code that solves a complete program (including stuff like user interface and whatnot). An algorithm would be \"how to sort a list of numbers quickly\" while a program would be a spreads... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
From how far away could an extraterrestrial alien observe us? | [
"Diffraction's your biggest enemy here. Literally. Light spreads out, so you need a massively wide telescope to differentiate between two nearby points. If your telescope is any smaller, those two points will blur into one, and it becomes physically impossible to tell them apart. Lord Rayleigh proved that the diam... | [
"If *we* go to the stars, no. It takes time to get there, and we'd be much too far away to see any detail like that. But as a thought experiment, aliens living in a different galaxy (call it 65 million light years away from us) with a magical telescope able to resolve detail from here would in fact see dinosaurs on... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does tubing along the top of a wall prevent the use of ladders to get over it? | [
"I dont exactly know what your talking about do you have a photo of a reference of this ?"
] | [
"I'm figuring you were concerned about the glass. There are several ways to remove it, but these are the most prevalent: 1. They remove the pane from the inside using suction devices and portable winches/pulley blocks. Also, sometimes the window pane you see from the ground is actually a glass pane inside a metal f... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
The broken window fallacy | [
"It's a fallacy pointing out how \"creating jobs\" isn't a free ticket into economic growth. \"You know how we could just fix unemployment? Just have half of those people go around breaking windows and getting paid for it, and have the other half work in the window making industry!\" The fallacy is that even though... | [
"Adrenaline dump - the old fight or flight syndrome."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
What causes an economic crash a la the one in 2008 and the Great Depression? | [
"Banks failing generally, or appearing to. The 30s and 08 crash both caused by investors losing confidence in banks and rushing to pull out cash and sell stocks. Banks handle most the US currency and mortgage loans, they back local governments via bonds and loans, so once a bank fails everything it had money invest... | [
"Not really. Relatively speaking, it's nothing like the Great Depression, the 1987 recession, or the 2008 recession. The economy moves in cycles, and what goes down will surely come up."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Are bodyguards really expected to take a bullet for their client? | [
"Sort of but not quite. The job description of a body guard is to protect their client. This may include putting yourself into a dangerous position where you might get killed although it is preferable if nobody gets killed. Nobody would ever expect that a bodyguard is required to get himself shot if the client is s... | [
"Well, a service member expected to put their life on the line but a civilian doesn't expect to die at the hands of the people who should be protecting them."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How is +/- in hockey calculated? | [
"Also need to take into account power plays You get a + if you are on the ice for an even strength or short handed goal (your team scores while short handed) You get a - if you are on the ice for even strength or short handed goal (your team on power play and gets scored on)"
] | [
"There are two different values that you derive using the formula. One by adding, one by subtracting."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is the Arctic melting so much faster than the Antarctic? | [
"The arctic is mainly icebergs swimming in water. The antarctic is a solid land mass, covered in ice. Warm water is constantly flowing towards the north, mixing with the cold water and warm it up. Warm water flowing to the south is is (I think) much less and since it is mostly land under the ice, it can't reach the... | [
"The North Pole is in the middle of the water, usually covered by ice (less so nowadays because of climate change), and has polar bears, but no penguins. The South Pole is on land (Antarctica) and has penguins, but no polar bears. Also, the North Pole is in the Northern Hemisphere and the South Pole is in the Sout... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why is soccer named as such in places like the USA but football mostly elsewhere? | [
"Because the USA and some other countries have a different game that they call \"football\". For American \"football\" is American Football. I'm from Ireland, and here \"football\" is Gaelic football. We sometimes say \"football\" for soccer, but that leaves a bit of ambiguity and we usually have to ask which foot... | [
"It's not the same thing. England is a country. The United Kingdom is a country made up of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Britain and Great Britain is the island on which England, Scotland and Wales is on. You've basically asked the equivalent of asking an American why the US has so many different n... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Geography:"
} |
How do automatic doors work? | [
"I'm going to assume you mean how an automatic door knows someone/thing is there for it to open. First off, it can depend on the door in question and specifically what sensor it uses. Most automatic doors have fairly cheap sensors, effectively they are just passive infrared and it goes off whenever it detects any n... | [
"Do you know how a fan works? If so just turn it around"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
difference between Oxobiodegradeable plastic bags and normal plastic bags | [
"\"Plastic\" bags are made from polymers - very long molecules, that consist of repeating parts. The discovery of polymers and ways to produce them from oil led to apperance of many new materials, that were able to replace wood, metal, fabrics in many spheres of human life, because there were durable, lightweight a... | [
"* the expiration date usually reflect the time it takes for the contents of the bottle to go bad, sometimes due to the breakdown of the plastic * recycling plastics aren't always suitable for their original purposes, plastic in bottles is often used to make synthetic fibers..."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How did the modern guitar come to be? Why aren't there any guitars with strings designated for each note? | [
"There are guitar like instruments with strings designated for each note. For example the harp. There have been guitar like instruments for as long as there are written history. They have varied in size and number of strings but they are largely the same. A lot of these variations have survived to this day. The mod... | [
"The bass guitar is a replacement for the upright double bass - the one that looks like a really big cello. That, like the rest of the orchestra string instruments, has 4 strings, so the electric bass kept that arrangement."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does the sun cause us to sneeze? | [
"The Sun causes some people to sneeze because random mutations have caused them to have genes that cause them to sneeze when exposed to bright light. Sneezing when exposed to bright light does not make you significantly less likely to have children than someone who doesn't sneeze when exposed to bright light, so t... | [
"How do you know that you don't sneeze in your sleep?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How de we sent pictures all the way from other planets without losing any data and still get the full picture? | [
"For one, the devices in question are using a dedicated high strength signal/channel, not a shared network like the internet or your cell phone. But more importantly, they also don;t send just one copy of the data in question. They send multiple copies along with parity data so that anything that might be lost in ... | [
"Radio waves, the fly at the speed of light. So basically in a way its exactly like your wifi signal. The satellite broadcasts and we point a giant dish at it to listen for that signal."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Science and Technology:"
} |
Non-euclidean geometry/space | [
"His \"non-euclidean\" space is actually just euclidean space with portals in it. It's kind of non-euclidean but it's not really that useful in describing what he's doing. He's doing portals. So in the video, you simply have portals that teleport you from one Euclidean space place to another, and there are visual t... | [
"The use what is called noise, the most well known example is perlin noise. _URL_3_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Mathematics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Mathematics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how the perception of time and distance is relative based on varying properties of gravity and speed? | [
"Because space and time are the same thing. They are just different dimensions of spacetime. So if I dump it down to make it easy to understand the relation. If you increase your speed in the dimensions of space, you decrease your speed in the dimension of time."
] | [
"Up and down are based on a fundamental physical force (gravity) that's everywhere. Left and right are simply relative to your body."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Its a common known saying “Red sky at night shepherds delight, red sky at morn shepherds warn”. Why does the sky turn red on nights before good weather and red on mornings before cold or wet weather? | [
"\"Red sky at night, sailor's delight. Red sky at morning, sailors take warning.\" Or biblically, Jesus said, \"When in evening, ye say, it will be fair weather: For the sky is red. And in the morning, it will be foul weather today; for the sky is red and lowering.\" [Matthew XVI: 2-3] In middle latitudes, weather... | [
"Sometimes the sun is in the sky alone, sometimes the moon is in the sky alone, sometimes they are both in the sky. If the sun is in the sky, we call it day so sometimes we will see the moon during the day. If, on the other hand, we called it night when the moon is in the sky, then we would sometimes see the sun at... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
; How does the concentration process work? | [
"Juice is 99% water, 1% dissolved solids. You can just evaporate off the water until you're risking the solids coming out of solution. Sometimes you can keep going and create a dry powder of juice/milk solids, sometimes you can't if there are other liquids present or the solids aren't stable in air. This is pretty ... | [
"Could you clarify your question? What do you mean by work?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why are organizations like the NRA allowed to spend money shifting a politicians viewpoint? | [
"This sounds like bribery, but in theory it is not. The legal definition of bribery is \"If I pay you X, will you do Y?\". The NRA goes \"Here's a check from the NRA to your campaign. I'm making a donation because we feel the same way about gun control\". \"X for Y\" is never stated, although it's heavily implied. ... | [
"Lobbying has a very bad connotation, and the amount of money in politics is a problem, but at some level Lobbying is a necessary thing. Business owners need to be able to express their needs to their representatives, which is the core of what lobbying is. We've just gone too far by allowing companies to lobby anon... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
. Why does room temperature coffee taste ‘cold’ but room temperature milk tastes ‘warm’? | [
"Because most coffee you drink is hotter than room temperature, so in comparison to what you expect the coffee to feel like, a coffee at room temperature would feel cold. But we usually drink milk from the refrigerator so when it's a room temperature it's hotter than what you expect. And the reason why coffee is us... | [
"You sense of taste is best around 80-110 degrees F. It's why juice tastes sweeter than ice cream even though it has half the sugar per cup."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Language and culture:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Language and culture:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How did the USA’s involvement in the Vietnam war come to an end? | [
"There were a lot of pressure on the President and Congress members from both civilians and military who wanted the war to end as there were no way to win. There were attempts at ceasefire in order to find a peaceful solution but negotiations either broke down or the ceasefire were broken. But due to the lack of po... | [
"Was any Asian country capable of helping the United States during the revolutionary war?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How are sloths not extinct? | [
"Sloths are very good at climbing trees. There are few predators that are able to even get to them. The only predators that can reach sloths are too small to be able to fight them."
] | [
"A better question would be: \"Why are birds so much smaller than their ancestors, the dinosaurs?\" ;-)"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about biology:"
} |
Why should I let my car run in cold weather? | [
"If you turn on the engine, and immediately begin to do something that requires significant energy, the engine will begin working faster. This in turn, as we use combustion engines, generates heat, assuming your car has been out in the cold, your rather massive engine block stores said cold very well. So, by rapidl... | [
"Ever turned the heat on in your car?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Whatever happened to the FCC law banning volume increases during television ads? | [
"It’s in effect. It’s called the CALM act. Cable/sat companies and networks all do comply as well. But advertisers continue to find ways to manipulate the system and other shitty things. It’s even written specifically into every single carriage agreement between cable/sat companies and networks in their contracts ... | [
"Because there are FCC regulations against using many words on most TV channels but not any against showing planes crashing into buildings."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does smoking narrow upper airways? | [
"Irritation, which leads to inflammation, which leads to swelling as fluids like blood try to heal the irritated area."
] | [
"Blood vessels in your head expand and its painful."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why do the prongs on some electrical power plugs have holes while others do not? | [
"I do not find many references to this hole. The NEMA standard does specify this hole as an option and does specify its dimensions. The reason for the hole is to ease manufacturing of the plug. However I am not quite sure how exactly it makes the manufacturing process any easier. It is possible this hole is used fo... | [
"Son, the best way to charge any electronic device, is to plug the plug thing with the prongs into an electrical outlet generally located on a wall."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Electrical appliances:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Electrical appliances:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How do plants that produce seedless fruits reproduce? | [
"Tldr; humans. Humans breed plants to produce smaller and fewer seeds. Then they take the resulting plant (which may be infertile, but makes yummy bananas or whatever) and copy it. This is sometimes done by cloning, usually by grafting (cutting a branch of the plant that has the properties you want, and sticking i... | [
"Well, many flowering plants are. They have both male and female parts, they can pollinate themselves, or others. And they fare pretty well."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about biology:"
} |
how a computer can understand what "1" and "0" mean. | [
"Power going through the circuit = 1 No power going through the circuit = 0 Imagine use flashlight at night very quickly, in a morse-like fashion. Having light on = 1, no light = 0. So you turn it on and off quickly. Computer does it very, very quickly. Computer doesn't \"understand\" what 1 and 0 means. It's just ... | [
"you find patterns. the more times that pattern appears the higher your compression rate. for example, since all files are just 0's and 1's if i want to compress 0000000000111111111111 i can just say 0^10 + 1^10 which i can say represents 0 ten times followed by 1 ten times. another example 0101010101 i can say 0... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Technology:"
} |
Why Minus*Minus is PLUS? | [
"When I say \"Eat!\" I am encouraging you to eat (positive) But when I say \"Do not eat!\" I am saying the opposite (negative). Now if I say \"Do NOT not eat!\", I am saying I don't want you to starve, so I am back to saying \"Eat!\" (positive)."
] | [
"Sleep - Shake Unconscious - Splash Coma - Wait and Hope Vegetative State - Wait and Bury"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
why are boils filled with liquid? | [
"A boil is an infection. Your body fights the infection with white blood cells. White blood cells die as they fight the infection. The liquid (pus) are the dead white blood cells (plus whatever they killed). Presence of pus = white cells died there = white cells were fighting something there = there was/is probably... | [
"Your body makes boogers to trap the sick, and get rid of it. The color depends on how sick the sick is."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Health and Wellness:"
} |
What does it mean to invest in distressed loans? | [
"When a bank loans $X to person A, they choose an interest rate based upon how good a bill payer they believe A to be. Sometimes, they get that wrong. When they figure out A is a poor debtor who doesn't pay on time, the interest rate that \"reasonable lenders\" would charge is higher than A is paying. This can be s... | [
"Two main ways: - They charge you fees and interest to do your banking and loan you money - They invest their own money, as well as their clients' money, in everything from stocks and bonds to foreign currencies and venture capital."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Dry-firing a bow is bad because with no arrow the "energy" has nowhere to go. Mathematically it makes perfect sense but what is physically happening to the materials to cause this? | [
"The Energy goes someplace, it's just not the right place. The bow designer designs the bow to put the energy into the arrow. With no arrow, the energy goes into the string. This moves the string too fast and too far. Then it \"rings\" back and forth too many times. All these excess motions eventually allow the ene... | [
"Even though the bullet keeps going, it still took the force of the interaction, the force was just not enough stop the bullet. The bullet does lose velocity, and takes on some deformation, just too little for us to see with the naked eye"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What does the half-life of a drug mean? (for example, a half-life of 12 hours) | [
"That means after 12 hours half of the drug has been metabolized by your body. After 12 more hours half of half remains and so on."
] | [
"Ethanol (EtOH): C2H6O Isopropyl alcohol (IPA): C3H8O The value of LD50 is the amount of a substance per mass of bodyweight needed to kill 50% of the test subjects. The LD50 for IPA is 3600 mg/kg in mice, oral LD50 for EtOH is 7060 mg/kg in mice, oral What does that mean? IPA is about twice as toxic as EtOH"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How do they remodel high rise apartments? | [
"First off, high rise remodels are typically cosmetic... removing and replacing surfaces like floors, carpets, kitchen/bath fixtures. This would in no way threaten the structural integrity of a building. Same goes for exterior fixes like window replacement. To get materials up inside a high rise, buildings typicall... | [
"The ones that last 100 years are the expensive well built ones. Come to my home town and i can point out plenty of falling apart 40-60 year old houses."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Do you need to ‘warm up’ your car before driving in cold weather? | [
"Mechanic here. No, its slightly better for the engine to not warm it up. Engines take the most wear and tear on cold starts and the quicker it gets up to temp the better. That does not mean hop in and drive it like you stole it to warm it up. You want to drive it nice and easy until its warmed up. Now when I say \... | [
"Planes are thoroughly inspected before every flight to ensure everything is ok. Do you inspect your car every day before your commute to work?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Is there a good, logical, or historical reason why some password setup fields severely limit the field length or disallow particular characters? | [
"In some cases there might be issues with text encoding disallowing particularly funky characters like ø, ⋄, ¯, or η, but mostly it is either bad code, or them 'trying' to help by enforcing things like symbols and numbers, which are [not a good idea.](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"It's generally a lot easier to parse/store/look-up usernames without spaces, because the spaces have to be treated specially. Some other characters (like $ or #) often also have to be treated specially, which is another reason some (lazy) websites do not let you use them for passwords or usernames. Since there is ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why does chapstick make my lips feel more chapped and cracked than they were before I used any? | [
"Adds lubricant which your lips naturally produce but when you use chapstick regularly lips become dependent on it and stop producing lubricant on their own"
] | [
"The white part is dry nails because it's not touching the skin and getting the natural oils. This is also why the white part turns translucent when you submerge them in water for long enough but go back to being white when they dry. I googled this a while back cause I was curious too hahaha"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:"
} |
How were the first cartographers able to create a World map with such little technology and were they accurate? | [
"Typically they would roughly know how long it took traders to get from A to B (by ship, or by land) and from that they knew how far away two points where from each other. Basic math than allows you to estimate the distance. The more accurate and detailed the notes from these traders (or explorers) were the better ... | [
"It is only by preference. Most of the continents are in the North part of the globe. Mapping software can now make maps with any orientation. You can use Google Earth to show you the world oriented in any direction. Producers of maps are taught to include a directional sign, usually North, on the map to help with ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why does how water rise up through cold water? | [
"Hot water is less dense than cold water (above 0C) and so the warmer water \"floats\" to the top."
] | [
"Alcohol changing the density of the liquid in your inner ear."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What's the difference between saying you're running for president and announcing an exploratory committee to run for president? | [
"An exploratory committee has different rules on raising and spending money than a campaign committee. It's all about what you asked for money to do, particularly if you eventually pull out of the race."
] | [
"Caucuses in general are held so that the Democrats and Republicans can nominate who they want to be president. The person who wins the most caucuses wins the right to run under their party's banner; they are said to be the Democratic/Republican nominee for president.. That's why we don't have more than one contend... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How can the sports media know all the possible transfers? Even if football societies didn’t talk about it? | [
"Usually it is inside sources. Journalists tend to only post during the final negotiation stages, where public opinion would not affect the process. Organizations are not as tight lipped, at you would believe, but at the same time if some journalist goes too far, it is pretty easy to deduce who is doing it and repu... | [
"The broadcasters are not under the same contracts as the players, and so they aren't fined the same way."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why can skiers/snowboarders go off ramps and get extreme height but land what would otherwise seriously injure someone on foot | [
"How hard you impact something is very dependent on two things: your velocity (speed and direction), and the angle that you impact it at. If your velocity is parallel to the surface you can't really be said to be impacting it at all. If your velocity is perpendicular to it, you're hitting it as hard as possible. Sk... | [
"Bridges are typically high enough that the person hits the surface at a fast enough speed to break bones or knock them unconscious if not kill them immediately. If they don't die from the impact, they die from drowning. In contrast, most playful jumps are performed from a lower height. And if something goes wrong,... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How fast does scent travel in water? | [
"Scent travels as fast as the water travels. It doesn't have mobility on its own. You're simply detecting molecules of the associated substance as they reach you, carried by the water from the source. Similarly, scents in the air travel as fast as the air does."
] | [
"Why do some parts of the world call gasoline petrol?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What actually causes chromosomes to cross over in meiosis? | [
"It's a very complex process, but the ELI5 version: special molecules attach to the chromosomes and break them apart, and the individual pieces of the two chromosomes are close enough together that they can stick to eachother instead of re-sticking to themselves. Here's a little animation with clay (!) showing what... | [
"Yes, you are a 50% match to each of your parents. You're created by the fusion of a sperm cell from your dad and an egg cell from your mother. For most people, the sperm cell contains half of the father's DNA of 23 chromosome pairs - one from each pair. And the egg cell will contain half of the mother's DNA, again... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about biology:"
} |
Why is it important to conserve water | [
"Clean water resources are limited. Not all water is immediately usable like lake water or ocean water. It needs to be purified and reserved. This process takes time and is expensive. We don’t have “unlimited water” in the sense we can turn on our faucets and water will come out forever. It won’t. I think you’re c... | [
"Because it is worth a lot of money to the government!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why are there 2 separate bank balances in most accounts, and why are they almost never the same amount? | [
"I’m not sure what you mean. Each account only has one balance, which is the amount of money in there. Can you clarify where you’re seeing accounts with two balances? I’m wondering if maybe what you’re seeing is the difference between available funds (the amount not on hold) and total funds, which sometimes shows ... | [
"If I'm understanding you correctly, the ledger balance is the balance your account will be once the pending transactions are sorted out. Your available balance is the balance according to only cleared transactions. It sounds like the money transferred from your parents hasn't cleared in your account yet, and it's ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What happens when someone breathes in a brown paper bag and why is it supposed to calm them down? | [
"One thing that happens when you panic is that you hyperventilate. This means you are breathing too fast and you over oxygenate your system, which is great if you are having to flee a tiger and need the oxygen to fuel your muscles but bad when you are having a panic attack and have no outlet for the nervous energy.... | [
"It gives you the chance to hold something and breath without swallowing. Imagine if the substance was blood, poison, or saltwater: would you really want to swallow? By the same token, say your mouth is full of water and you try to breathe through your nose; do you want that water going into your lungs? It's all to... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Where does the water go when we accidentally choke on it? | [
"It is going down the wrong tube, towards your lungs. However, your body has very strong defenses against this, which is what the choking sensation is. Ideally as a result of your sudden violent reaction, it is forced back up so that it can be swallowed normally."
] | [
"Because the same air is coming out of your lungs and back out of your nose. Like asking why you taste food when throwing up."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Health:"
} |
Why doesn’t the brain have pain receptors? | [
"Any answer involving the \"why\" of evolutionary traits is going to be speculative at best... but the nature of evolution selects for traits that give an advantage and against traits that give a disadvantage. It seems reasonable to conclude that there's no evolutionary advantage for having pain receptors in the br... | [
"You have different receptors in your body that send messages to your brain. Like receptors for pain, pressure, chemicals, and temperature. So your eyes don't feel cold because they don't have the right kind of receptors."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
how does bismuth form those precise beautiful crystals? | [
"Metals and salts are 'crystalline' which means that their tiny smallest parts like to arrange in very organized ways. Different crystals like to arrange their pieces in different shapes and can only form THAT shape. Think of bismuth atoms as lego blocks. When bismuth starts to collect near itself, it doesn't like ... | [
"Water molecules are shaped like a V. When water cools, these V shaped molecules get closer together because they are slowing down. Instead of stacking together like Pringles, they meet tail to head, forming hexagonal patterns. This is also why water expands when it freezes, destroying plumbing. This hexagonal patt... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how does cancer kill us? | [
"It's one type of cell who's programming goes wrong and doesn't stop growing/reproducing killing the other types of cells around it for it to survive"
] | [
"you want a lesson in genomics and genetic expression in ELI5? I want to see that too! Up vote for balls!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What the actual fuck is salami? | [
"Its chunks of meat and spices and a few other good things, mixed together then sometimes fermented for a bit, then shoved into somekind of sleeve, then hung up to dry out. By drying it out and removing moisture it prevents the bad bacteria from growing."
] | [
"What the fuck are you snorting water for?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do ethics outweigh the benefits when it comes to genetic engineering of humans? | [
"If science starts generically engineering babies, it will go in two main ways - - extremely rich people will make extremely perfect humans - smarter, prettier, better than everyone else which will further create class divides worldwide - military superpowers and wanna-be military superpowers will make super soldi... | [
"Religious people. When they started transplanting organs religious people had ethical concerns. When they started IVF religious people had ethical concerns. When they started proposing using stem cells religious people had ethical concerns. Whenever there's something to do with medicine or science and someone ment... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
in socialist governments, who actually owns businesses like restaurants, coffee shops, etc? And how do those people not become rich causing inequality? | [
"In a truly socialist country (like Cuba), the government owns the shops, and the people who work there are government employees."
] | [
"Without a place for the rich to invest their money, what would they do with it? Hoard it? Buy a million mansions? The stock market is one of the most beneficial things a rich person can use their money for, building successful companies that have investments to be able to hire the common people and pay them a wage... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why are people who have 1 white parent and 1 black parent (e.g. Obama) always classified as black? | [
"When you say “always classified” what classification system are you referring to?"
] | [
"Because Hispanic is an ethnicity and the other categories are races. Essentially, you can be a white Hispanic or black Hispanic, just like you can be black or white."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why does perpetual machine never works? | [
"There is always some energy lost to some type of transference, if it produces noise, light, heat, anything other than the motion it will eventually not have enough energy to keep moving"
] | [
"> Wouldn't this make it 100% efficient Hahaha, no. Nothing is *ever* 100% efficient. It can't be. > because the energy is all being used rather than just dissipating? There's the rub. How will you be sure that every single erg is going into the other reaction, and that none of it will dissipate through the walls ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
1st and 2nd order mechanical/electrical systems | [
"So, you know how velocity is the derivative of position? That's a first-order equation. Most damping forces are found from velocity, making them first-order elements. A system with one of those is a first-order system. Acceleration is the derivative of velocity, making it the SECOND derivative of position. Anythin... | [
"They apply engineering processes to different parts of the system's design. Computer = processing hardware Software = code Mechanical = moving parts Electrical = circuits Civil = built structures Environmental = natural structures"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
If a largely obease person were to stop eating completely, but ate the correct vitamins and drank plenty of water, would they be fine? | [
"Looks like they would be. I remember hearing about a man who didn’t eat for a year and found this on snopes: _URL_0_"
] | [
"Your body isn't able to digest that large quantities of food. You would just throw up eventually. And possibly you would even lose weight because of the stress you put your body in and the effort it needs to recover. However, if you constantly ate as much carbohydrates and fat as your body could handle, and minimi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why does putting ice on an injury reduce swelling? | [
"Swelling occurs because of vasodilation - the blood vessels open up and send more fluids to the injured area. Ice/cold causes vasoconstriction - the blood vessels close up so all that fluid doesn’t flood into the injured area."
] | [
"There are two things that cause your muscles to ache. 1. Because the muscles have worked really hard, they tighten up 2. Because working out causes tiny microscopic tears in muscle fibres, the muscles get a little bit swollen The common, most well known treatment for achy muscles is heat, such as a hot bath. What... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is the difference between a lunar eclipse and everyday moon phases? | [
"The normal moon phases are not caused by Earth's shadow. The cause of the normal moon phases is that the sun only illuminates half the moon at any give time. [Take a look at this diagram.](_URL_0_) When the moon and the sun are on opposite sides of the Earth, you can see nearly the whole illuminated section. That'... | [
"Because the moon is continually orbiting the earth. The moon doesn't follow the night when it orbits, so sometimes we can see the moon during the day."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
the whole gene-edited babies that were born in China. What is the significance of this event and concerns with it? | [
"From my understanding one issue some people are having is that the rich will be able to edit out bad genes from their babies and over time. The wealthy could become biologically superior."
] | [
"It's a huge ethical issue. Obviously a cloned human was created for research, but does that mean that experiments may be done on them without their express consent? What experiments? Obviously the details are far more complex than I'm describing here, but that just adds to the ethical issues, so countries decided ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
If friction causes heat, why does moving air create a cooling sensation against skin? | [
"Normal wind doesn't move fast enough to cause significant skin friction. The cooling sensation is caused by something called convection. Basically, since air doesn't conduct heat very well, the heat from your body stays in the air pretty close to your body, and the best way to carry the heat from your body is to ... | [
"Hot air rises. If you bottled hot air and cold air, the bottle of hot air would weigh less. This is why hot air balloons float. When the fan blows upward, the hotter air spreads out along the ceiling and walls. This air circulation evens out the temperature in the room. When the fan blows downward, the breeze pul... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why does pushing down on a sharp blade not cut you, but a slicing motion does? | [
"If you were to look at a knife's edge through a microscope, you would see something like [this](_URL_0_). There's little tiny bumps all along the edge. Even smooth edged knives are serrated to some extent, with the little bumps helping to saw through foods. A knife that's sharpened at a very narrow angle can in fa... | [
"Paper cuts cause a lot of pain because there are fibres and irregularities on the edge of the paper that make a rough cut. if you watched closely (taking away the blood) you'd see that a paper cut isn't remotely straight, like the one from a knife: it has lots of small irregularities that \"touch\" a lot of sense ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
It seems like the sun and moon dont move too much in the sky day to day. Why arent there several days of slightly different eclipses in a row? | [
"The moon's orbit is roughly 1.5 million miles around. (C = 244000 x 2 x pi) So it's moving almost 56000 miles a day. So it takes about an hour to move the distance of its own diameter."
] | [
"Because it orbits the earth at a rate different than the length of a day. You see the moon the best at night since a night moon is often in a full or gibbous (almost full) phase and because the contrast with the night sky is significant. But it's in the daytime sky half the time throughout its orbit."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How is the news anchor always making eye contact with viewer, no matter which angle we sit? | [
"It’s a 2D image, so regardless of where you sit you’ll always have the same perspective on the newscaster."
] | [
"They do look off camera to see the things the viewer is seeing. How awkward/smoothly they can pull it off depends on their expertise and experience. Take a look at [this random example](_URL_0_) from youtube. He spends most of the time looking off to the side as he is gesturing to the map. It doesn't come off as a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
how does the soap in liquid soap dispensers become foam? | [
"It has to do with the shape of the nozzle on the dispenser. If you’re familiar with faucet aerators, the little screen things on a faucet, it’s a similar idea to that. The liquid soap is forced through many small openings which causes it to foam up."
] | [
"Anti bacterial properties are due to antimicrobial chemicals in the soap, anti microbial chemicals work on 3 criteria, exposure, concentration and duration of contact. Bubbles in the detergent are due to its emulsifying properties, meaning detergents can allow oil and water to mix. So yes bubbles clean oils and gr... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why does alcohol burn when we drink it | [
"The ethanol actually lowers the sensitivity of the heat receptors in our throats, making us perceive our own body heat as hot."
] | [
"You can get rid of alcohol in anything by simply boiling it off, ethanol has a lower boiling point than water. If you've ever seen someone light a shot on fire they are actually reducing the alcohol content of the drink the longer they leave it lit."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
why do our teeth feel weird when we hear fingernails being dragged on a chalk board? | [
"It’s because the sounds waves are at a pitch that vibrates bones. Our teeth don’t have muscles or skin like other bones that would insulate against the vibrations. What teeth do have is nerves inside of them that get vibrated which causes that weird sensation. That sound is literally getting on your nerves!"
] | [
"Because our eyelids are thin. Pull your t-shirt over your head and stare at a light bulb. Now drop a phone book on your face and look at the same light bulb. Phone book thicker than t-shirt, hand thicker than eyelid. If my 5 year old ever asks me this I'll send him back."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Science:"
} |
When recyclables are put in the trash, what happens to them? Is there anything that can be done after they are sent to a landfill? | [
"I spent 23 years working at various landfill sites. When recyclables are put in the trash, they are going to buried in the landfill. At some landfills if staff aren't busy they might pull out some scrap metal or wood but I've never heard of any site that will remove blue box recyclables."
] | [
"The issue with contamination is that you cannot separate or sort it. Recyclable material get contaminated if they get into contact with un-recyclable materials that you cannot easily separate. For example, although a cardboard box is recyclable, a pizza box isn't recyclable because the grease from the pizza cannot... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do car windows get foggy but home windows don’t? | [
"Home windows are double or triple panned with near vacuum conditions between the panes. The \"vacuum gap\" between the panes acts as an insulator between the inside and outside. That prevents most fog from condensation."
] | [
"Do you know how a fan works? If so just turn it around"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What state of matter is gel/jelly? | [
"Think of it as a sponge made out of protein, with water suspended in it. The sponge itself is solid, but the water inside it is liquid."
] | [
"A solution is a name specifically used to indicate something that is not a liquid is now trapped in a liquid. For instance i can dissolve salt, sugar or gasses (all non liquids) in water and call it a solution. When i mix two liquids, say water and alcohol, i call it a mixture. Since vapor is simply gasseous water... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why are there packets of silica gel in everything? | [
"Silica gel is very good at absorbing moisture. Moisture is bad for a lot of things like food (can cause mold) or electronics. And it costs [basically nothing](_URL_0_)."
] | [
"There is a small capsule of water with a needle floating on top of it inside your phone. But seriously, it is a magnetic sensor."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:"
} |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.