query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
How does the illegal streaming/torrenting system work? Are there groups who record , subtitle and upload new episodes/movies as and when they are released? How do they sustain these activities? | [
"**Stream site:** I have a movie, and I invite the whole neighborhood to come to my garage and watch it whenever they want, even make a copy for themselves if they want. **Torrent:** Most of the neighborhood has the movie. When somebody new wants it, they all contribute a tiny portion of that movie to make a new wh... | [
"It has nothing to do with the websites, but rather, the service that the website provides. Netflix can't just take people movies and make them available for everybody to watch, that's illegal copyright infringement. They need to purchase the rights to distribute them, and most distribution agreements come with a p... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What causes one's sight to go blurry after standing up? | [
"Typically this means you have low blood pressure, and your brain's vision processing center is momentarily low on oxygen. It's a first step toward fainting."
] | [
"I believe the alcohol affect your the area of you brain responsible for vision which affects your eyes ability to properly focus. While you might be trying to look at something near to you, your eyes may be focusing on something far away and vice-versa. It has happened to me on a few occasions. I'll be looking at... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why is Satan/Satan imagery usually associated with a goat? | [
"Beelzebub is a name derived from a Philistine god, formerly worshipped in Ekron, and later adopted by some Abrahamic religions as a major demon. The name Beelzebub is associated with the Canaanite god Baal. Baal is a horned man that resembles a steer or goat. Although not \"the devil\" Beelzebub is one of 7 Prince... | [
"They are more or less the same from my understanding. Lucifer was the name of the angel who tried to rise above god and got sent as punishment out of heaven onto earth where was known than as Satan. Both names are part of Judaism, Christianity and Islam. Devil is just kinda general personified evil counterpart of ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is palm oil in everything? What is it's purpose? | [
"It extends the expiration time. It's used a lot in cosmetics for that,but you should avoid it in foods."
] | [
"Fat food is cheap, healthy food is expensive."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How does windows know if a program is not responding? | [
"If the application doesn’t “ping” the event queue for 5 seconds, then Windows makes an assumption that the program isn’t responding, and alerts the user."
] | [
"There needs to be a program running to control the screen brightness for it to be set to some amount. In those situations, there is no process running for that, as it requires an operating system to run, which isn't running completely at that time. There are ways around it but its not really a necessity for the f... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Technology:"
} |
How did corporate raiders boost share prices? | [
"Other answers are better than mine, and it was touched on, but I want to let an important point be known. This practice is not only not gone, it is commonplace. Most attempts are thwarted by majority shareholders, which is why it's been quiet recently. Takeovers take a long time to pull off."
] | [
"It's not to benefit the company, it's to benefit the owners of the company, i.e. shareholders. When Apple buys back stock, its stock price increases, increasing the value of investors' shares."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
why does your voice break when you cry? | [
"When you cry you strain your throat, you breathe harder, your nasal passages swell, sometimes you produce extra mucus and muscle tension, and you release endorphins. All of this together makes it harder to talk normally, as well as hear normally, see normally, feel normally, or focus normally. Crying isn't just te... | [
"why do we yawn when we read about yawning?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How does EMDR (Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) therapy work? | [
"I’ve taken EMDR a few times and it is really weird. I sat and started at these two big water droplets that reflected light off one side then the next second the reflection would go to the other side, idk if that makes sense but that’s what it was. And while your watching these two water droplets move you think abo... | [
"Cognitive Behavioral Therapy focuses on changing negative attitudes, beliefs, thoughts, and behaviors, and replacing them with more healthy ones. It has been shown to be quite effective in treating many kinds of mental illness. To \"do it,\" you should look for a therapist who specializes in CBT. It's not somethin... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
For a headache, could it more effective to take a combination of aspirin, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and/or naproxen, OR is it more effective to take a dose of just one of these painkillers? | [
"Aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen are all NSAID pain relievers that have similar mechanisms of action. DO NOT COMBINE THESE DRUGS. Choose one of them and then you can combine it with acetaminophen, which is a different type of medication. An NSAID pain reliever combined with acetaminophen is very effective at relie... | [
"Generally, \"maximum strength\" just means is is the highest dose approved by the FDA for OTC use, but the efficacy of the drug depends on the drug itself and what you are using it for. A \"maximum strength\" OTC painkiller (Tylenol, Aleve, etc) is going to to more to relieve pain symptoms than a lower dose, but o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Is it more efficient to leave a fridge relatively empty, or to fill up the empty space with something like bottles of water? | [
"The purpose of the water bottles in the fridge is not for efficiency, but to prevent the compressor from turning on and off so frequently. Less cycling will make the fridge last longer."
] | [
"You're putting a closed container into a cold environment, and relying on energy to be transferred from the warm (higher energy state) beer to the cold (lower) refrigerator air. When you open a beer, you drastically increase the surface area exposed. Besides, it's a lot easier to add energy than take it away. Try... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do some songs sound familiar, despite never having heard them before? | [
"a lot of song that get attention have similar progressions; and some times are in similar keys. Chord Progressions are what order the sounds are played. for example **I–V–vi–IV** is the most common chord progression. you can check out axis of awesome's 4 chord song here. [_URL_0_](_URL_0_) it's pretty neat what ... | [
"That's funny. I almost never like a song the first time I hear it. It takes two or more repetitions before I start to enjoy a new piece of music."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Science:"
} |
What is the "Deep State" that Republicans/GOP keep mentioning? | [
"It's just a conspiracy theory that people in the White House administration and other parts of government are actively trying to undermine Trump's efforts to achieve his goals. It's their way of explaining why Trump has had such a hard time making progress on his moves and why so many people in government are dist... | [
"The short answer is *selective memory*. There were massive protests following President Obama's election. Many protesters believed Obama was Kenyan and illegally running for office due to the many year racist campaign fronted by... Our next president Donald Trump. Obama's election really kicked off regular protes... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does orangejuice taste so bad after I brush my teeth? | [
"The mint in the toothpaste dulls the part of your mouth that tastes sweetness. Im not sure exactly how that works, but you basically are tasting only the sourness of the orange and none of the sweet."
] | [
"I have no idea how I'd answer this like you're five. But actually, I find I gag while brushing my tongue/the roof of my mouth much more often when I'm stressed/depressed or stayed up late the night before. I did an all nighter to finish a paper last week and when I went to brush my teeth the next morning it was so... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Dentistry:"
} |
Two songs are released on the same album. One song becomes an instant hit on the radio, while the other one becomes a hit on the radio 6 months later. How does this happen? | [
"Im pretty sure that music studios pay huge money to syndicated radio stations such as IHeartRadio to put different songs into heavy rotation."
] | [
"Pop Music stands for popular music. So that would be the music that is popular at a given time. After a few weeks or months there are new songs that become popular and the ones that came out earlier songs are considered old."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Music:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Music:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What's the difference between dur and mol scales? | [
"The main difference is what two tones are seperated by a semi-tone instead of a whole tone. In Dur(called major in english), it's between 3rd and 4th as well as between 7th and 8th/1st. In Mol(minor), you have them between 2nd and 3rd, 6th and 7th. Also, each major key has a minor key that uses the same notes. Exa... | [
"ELI5: Why are you mixing semen and warm water?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How do static shocks work? | [
"A static shock occurs when there is a build up of kinetic energy which is often brought about by friction. Note that energy cannot be created nor destroyed which means that the energy would instead change from being kinetic energy (energy as a result of your movement) to electrical energy. This electrical energy ... | [
"Are you asking how a wheel works ?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
What is political polarization? | [
"Polarization is the act of becoming extreme one side or the other such as a magnet, it's side is either positive or negative. There is no neutral. So in politics it means either full conservative or full liberal. Only issue is there is middle ground or those that don't go hard right or left. However the opposing ... | [
"Reddit as the new opiate of the masses?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are launches by SpaceX or other space agencies ever scheduled for night? | [
"Launch timing has nothing to do with the weather and everything to do with the desired orbit. They're trying to merge the satellite into a specific spot on a circular highway so it can do what it was built to. If you launch at 7am then your Asian communication satellite is now pointed at Europe instead. You could ... | [
"They communicated their mission launch schedules with each other. Plus, the American launches are never secret and are always made available to the public well beforehand."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does sleep paralysis work? | [
"Your brain creates chemicals during sleep which stop nerve signals being sent to the body. This is why you (usually) don't actually move around when dreaming. Sleep paralysis happens when you wake up, but these chemicals haven't worn off yet."
] | [
"> How is the charge of ions in the air supposed to affect someone’s mood, specifically in the case of Seasonal Affective Disorder or Major Depressive Disorder? They don't have any effect."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why when you look into a reflection up close, and have bad vision, the reflection is still blurry? | [
"Why would you expect a reflection to not be blurry is you have bad vision? Up close to a mirror, a nearsighted person might see the mirror's frame in focus, but a mirror is not a picture. The distant mountain in the reflection is still far away. You don't see the mirror, you see the reflection it causes."
] | [
"I've heard it's similar to this: Close one eye and look straight ahead. What you see out of your closed eye isn't black, it's nothing, you don't see anything at all."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How are machines used for medical imaging calibrated? | [
"Probably with some reference data. Here's a thing we send out with the machine its as exactly 1.0 as we can get if ur machine isnt measuring this at 1.0 its offcenter"
] | [
"Yes. X-rays provide higher resolution than ultrasound can. And X-rays are better at imaging things like bones, which ultrasound has trouble penetrating. Both types of imaging are valuable. There are other imaging tools (MRI etc.) that can do other things that X-ray and ultrasound can't. Doctors try to use the b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What happens if all your teeth are pulled and not replaced? | [
"The lips will flatten without the teeth behind them, and speech can be affected (sounds like th are formed when the tongue meets the back of the upper teeth). Source: accompanied my mother when she had her teeth extracted and dentures fitted, through the whole process."
] | [
"In America we have good dentists. They are able to look at our teeth and tell us whether or not the teeth will be a problem in the future. If the teeth are going to be a problem anyway, why not remove them before they're an issue?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
. Why are they flipped? | [
"Because Bell (the telephone company) started doing it so everyone started doing it, there was a video made fairly recently on it, can't seem to find it right now."
] | [
"Theres a video SERIES explaining this, Episode 1: _URL_0_ TL;DW: Zebras are impossible to train, theyre too nervous and unresponsive to training. I.E assholes."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why are certain words in English dialect, like for example Wednesday, pronounced Wens-Day instead of Wed-nes-day? In other words, why are words pronounced differently then what the word should sound like? | [
"To quote someone else: Because English isn't one language. It's three languages stacked on top of each other wearing a trench coat."
] | [
"There is no purpose. They're just an artifact of how some words used to be pronounced, or of how they were spelled in the language English took them from. e: Corpuscle's post and mine aren't as contradictory as you might think. Pronunciation has changed in kinda uniform ways, so given the spelling of a word, you c... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Language:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Language:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why do sharks and fish have vertical tails when dolphins and whales are horizontal? | [
"BBC Focus magazine post says > It reflects the evolutionary history of locomotion. Our wormy ancestors slithered on the sea floor, so undulated side-to-side. Fish inherited that movement, for which a vertical tail is best. > Their distant land mammal descendants evolved to run with limbs underneath: an unstable ... | [
"They eyes front for predators rule only seems to apply to land creatures. On land, the things that you need to see are usually near the ground. You don't need to be able to see what is directly above or below you. Fish do. Having eyes on the side of your head lets you see above and below much better than having yo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why dont car batteries need recharging? | [
"The alternator uses engine power to charge it while you’re driving. So it is being recharged, but you don’t need to plug it in."
] | [
"Batteries and yes they need to be replaced from time to time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do government's reduce inflation in their economy? | [
"By decreasing the amount of money in the economy. The quickest way to do this is to raise interest rates. Increased interest rates encourage people to save money and discourages people from spending money."
] | [
"Because the value of a currency is directly related to the strength of the economy of the country that controls that currency. Countries, like companies and individuals have a credit rating."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
how does the auto setting on my windshield wipers work? How does the car know there is enough rain on the windshield that warrants a wipe?? | [
"The sensor beams an infrared light onto/out of the windshield. Raindrops will affect how this beam of light is bounced back into the sensor, so with that information it can determine approximately how much rain there is. & #x200B; [_URL_1_](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"Rear Defroster: It's a strip of metal that gets electric current ran through it which then heats up your window. Use it if you have ice or condensation on it Front Defroster: It cycles on your A/C compressor which dehumidifies the air. Use it if you have condensation on your windshield"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do some foods have an aftertaste? | [
"The food leaves a small residue in your mouth. You just mashed it into a paste with your teeth it doesn’t all wash down clean as you swallow."
] | [
"Something in the toothpaste blocks the sweet receptors on your tongue, so all you're getting is the bitter part of the citrus taste."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why do studios put a gap between a movie leaving theaters and being released on DVD? | [
"It’s called “windowing” and is actually a key aspect of how they make money. The most money is made in the theaters, so they need to create additional incentive to see it there. Additionally that’s how theaters make money too! So they have a large incentive to make sure that you see it in the theaters or you r go... | [
"They're expensive, you have to put up things like a strict schedule, expensive snacks, crowds, some asshat on his cellphone, etc. Contrast that with watching a movie in the comfort of your own home. As home video/streaming media releases are coming sooner and sooner after a theatrical run, and more desirable movie... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
psychological effect of solitary confinement, why is it considered a form of torture? | [
"It just messes people up. How people react to it is somewhat unique to the individual, because everyone's brain will cope with it differently. The effects can almost always be described as the brain trying to get away from the isolation. Audio Visual hallucinations are fairly common place as the brain tries to cre... | [
"Aside from people with serious mental illness, there is no scientific evidence that it's anything other than cheap theatrics."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
If light sets the cosmic speed limit, how did the universe expand trillions of kilometers in every direction in only fractions of a second during the big bang? | [
"Simply put, massive amounts of matter didn't move faster than light in every direction. The matter stayed put in the space it was in, but space itself expanded and there is no speed limit on the expansion of space (as far as we know), only on the things that move through space. Think of it like a lemon poppy seed ... | [
"We have no idea how the Big Bang happened. We can make good guesses about what happened nanoseconds after it started, but our understanding of how the universe works completely breaks down before then."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:"
} |
Why isn't water moisturizing? | [
"Water doesn’t stay applied to skin very well due to oils naturally produced by the body. The nice thing about lotion and other moisturizers is they are much better at staying in contact with the skin instead of running off."
] | [
"You're licking off all the oils that keep your lips moisturized."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do smartphones/tablets still track time after battery dies and has no internet? | [
"There's a smaller battery that powers the clock and flash memory. On a computer it'll be a little button battery. They provide just a trickle of electricity. They last a long time. In fact you can find YouTube videos of people unboxing computers from the 80s where those batteries are still good."
] | [
"It's still doing things even if you're not using it .. connecting to cell towers, searching for new towers if the current one is going out of range, searching for WiFi if you have it enabled, downloading updates, etc etc. It has a mind of it's own and does things even if it's just sitting in your pocket."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How does string cheese work? | [
"String cheese is just mozzarella cheese that has been heated to 140 degrees. At this temperature the cheese becomes very stretchy and the milk proteins move around and line up together in a row. It's this alignment that makes string cheese so stringy."
] | [
"Do you know how a fan works? If so just turn it around"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why do people pretend to hate puns? | [
"Humor is one of those things that science isn't really capable of conclusively explaining, but from what we understand of it: Humor is based on subverting expectations, and was likely originally a defense mechanism. You experience something that's contrary to what you were expecting, and so you laugh. Like how a m... | [
"A follow-up question: Why do some people love that feeling while others detest it?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Could I see the stars from the suns surface? Why or why not? | [
"1. You'd be dead, and when you're dead you can't see. So no. 2. Can you see stars in the daylight? You'd be literally surrounded by light, if you didn't die, and that light would blot out any other light."
] | [
"You never closed your eyes while being outside in the sun, did you?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Biology:"
} |
why does turning it off and on again work? | [
"Most problems with computers happen from errors that occur while the computer is running. Turning the computer off and back on again puts it back in the state it normally starts in. It's like travelling back in time to before the error happened."
] | [
"i just drop like a sack of potatoes. So if there is such a mechanism i want to ask the follow up question why mine doesn't work?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
what is plasma (the state of matter)? | [
"Plasma is electrically charged gas. When gas gets really hot or is subjected to a strong electromagnetic field, the electrons aren't able to stick around the atoms and fly off on their own. Thus you get plasma."
] | [
"pure water isn't even a conductor, why would it be superconducting? At absolute zero perhaps where the definition of atoms and molecules break down, or the opposite, as a plasma, can you make water-plasma??"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about science:",
"pos": "Represent the document about science:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do transistors work? | [
"The answers given are all well explained and correct. But ill have a go at a more ELIF version. At the most fundemental level, a transistor is a gate. You provide a little push, and the gate opens of closes. Think of a river, with a thick wood beam on one bank. When the beam is on the bank, the water (electricity... | [
"Are you asking how a wheel works ?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How come some websites have massive password leaks, but large ones like Google do not? | [
"Just to be clear for some reality into the situation. The only times you hear about a password leak is when several things occur: 1) Passwords get stolen 2) The company actually discovers it (way harder than you'd think 3) The company thinks its in their best interest to reveal that publicly. In all likelihood, to... | [
"Often times they dont. If a smaller company has a breach and usernames / passwords get leaked they use bots to try them across many providers as most people use the same password everywhere. Google / bing / duckduckgo search your password from time to time to see if your password is posted on a list somewhere"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
What is the process for placing a child with a guardian after their parents suddenly pass away? | [
"In the US, legal guardianship of minor children is regulated by state laws. Each state has their own unique requirements and obligations associated with becoming the guardian of a minor child. You would have to research the processes involved at the state level. On the most basic level, a guardian with ties to the... | [
"In most jurisdictions, you have 5 days to give your baby a name. If you don't, the birth certificate will say \"baby boy\" or \"baby girl\" and no social security number will be issued. You can change the baby's name for free within 45 days in most states. After that, you have to go to court and go through the sam... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why vitamins suggest being taken daily rather than weekly, if one capsule is usually something like 500% of a Daily Value. | [
"The ones you need daily are water soluble vitamins (eg. vitamin C, B6, B12 etc.) that are easily absorbed but also easily metabolized, ie. you literally piss out most of it at the end of the day. That doesn't mean the body doesn't need them, just means it's a good idea to replenish them the next day. The 500% thin... | [
"They don't stay in your system for just a day, but probably not for over 16 days. Also, those are just recommended daily values, your body may benefit from having more than the recommended daily dose of vitamin C."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How do orgasms work? | [
"We like orgasms because life needs to reproduce. Naturally, organisms that have a positive response to reproduction are more likely to reproduce. The reason we enjoy orgasms is because they're essentially our reward for achieving reproduction, or at least tricking our bodies into thinking we're achieving reproduct... | [
"Scientists at the University of Edinburgh discovered that when sunlight touches your skin, nitric oxide is released into your bloodstream. Nitric oxide is a powerful blood pressure lowering compound. It relaxes your blood vessels giving you that relaxed feeling you feel after a day in the sun Study here: _URL_0_ O... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are banknotes used for large denominations of money, and coins for smaller amounts? | [
"Coins are more expensive to produce but much more durable. The most common denominations will tend to be coins because they can stay in circulation for 20-30 years. But denominations that are used less often can be more cheaply produced because they don't need to be as durable."
] | [
"Less than 10% of all currency exists as physical cash, so its affect is negligible. In the US, banks constantly send in old bills for destruction and receive new ones in return. I assume it works the same way in the UK."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How come the light at dawn or in the early morning is different from the light at dusk? | [
"Sunlight has to pass through the atmosphere to reach out eyes. Dawn comes after the night has cooled the atmosphere, reduced it's absolute water content, probably washed out some smog particles, and maybe even very slightly increased CO2 concentrations on account of plants producing more CO2 than they use in the ... | [
"The warmth comes from the sun. The longer the time with no sun, the cooler it gets. Right before sunrise is the longest period of time without the sun."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How do OLED displays differentiate between a dim white and gray? | [
"Dim white is grey. You see it as grey if it is surrounded by white, and white if it is surrounded by darker grey (or 'black'.)"
] | [
"Yes. This is why you need to dim the lights when using a projector. So that the unlit parts look dark."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
why does California have a big step up when it comes to things causing cancer? | [
"California law states that if there is a carcinogenic substance in an item, it has to be labeled as such in order to be eligible to be sold in CA. Of course, the exact quantity and type of substance does not have to be disclosed. It's a consumer awareness law"
] | [
"Flint is a government do they not care about themselves? That is pretty much all of Flint's revenue. It's like saying a household expense equal to your gross income is just a drop in the bucket"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How do inch fractions work? | [
"Imperial rulers actually are not divided into 20 fractions. If you look at [this diagram](_URL_0_) you can see that it's divided into 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, and 1/16 intervals. But (as an american) the only time I actually hear anything other than 1/2 or 1/4 inch being referred to, it's an engineer or a machinst who has h... | [
"Do you want all of your math to be in negative numbers? Because that's how you get all of your math to be in negative numbers."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Physics:"
} |
How does this camera optical illusion happen? | [
"The camera scans in the image as a line of pixels that moves across the image. (the leftmost column of pixels, then the next one to the right, and so on). As the camera spins, it scans the columns showing the skyline in one part of the frame, but by the time it gets to the other side of the frame, the camera has s... | [
"Do you know how a fan works? If so just turn it around"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
The principle behind Laplace transform | [
"Imagine you're solving a crossword and you don't know an answer for a certain question about some wild herb that grows in South America. You call your friend who is great at biology, but he only speaks Chinese. So you *translate the question* to Chinese, he thinks a little and gives you the answer in Chinese. Then... | [
"Arbitrary, likely measured from FPOC with the surface."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Science:"
} |
why you take some pills before meals, and others - after | [
"There's a few reasons people are advised to take medicine with food. Sometimes medicine on an empty stomach can irritate the stomach or make you nauseous, and having a full belly (or at least a snack) reduces or eliminates these effects. Some medicines also absorb better when they're delivered along with food. Cer... | [
"Well it’s best to brush like half hour after eating breakfast but most people do it before eating."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
what's the genetic process that got 4 perfectly placed wisdom teeth on primates to sometimes badly placed or none existing wisdom teeth on humans? | [
"[Humans started out eating raw and unprocessed foods, and they had differently-shaped jaws to accomodate this.](_URL_1_) Now that we're used to eating modern diets, as well as adapting to different environments and creating different ethnic groups, the shape of our jaws and skulls are changing. Modern humans have ... | [
"Sometimes enough mutations occur such that something happens in the population. Doesn't have to be meaningful; evolution does not \"think\". Same as why you still have an appendix even though you don't use it. Or why we we don't have keen senses of smell like some of our mammalian cousins. We still retain the tail... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What is meant by enlightenment in buddhism? | [
"Buddhists believe that people are continually reborn into the world after death, living many lives over and over again. When they become enlightened through meditation, focus, and moderate living, they will finally discover the truth of life, and stop being reborn, instead reaching Nirvana. In Buddhism, enlightenm... | [
"A very basic explanation of Buddhism is that every time you die you are reincarnated. But that is a bad thing because most of life is painful. This is call Samsara, the endless life or wheel of suffering. This is made clear by the Four Noble Truths. 1) Life is filled with desires. 2) Unfulfilled desires lead to s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
why do waves always move towards the beach and not away? | [
"Waves are formed when the wind blows against the water out at sea. But at sea they are just large swells and dont look like a wave yet. As the swell moves towards shore the ground gets shallower, as there is less space for the large swell of water it goes the only place it can, up. The water at the top is now movi... | [
"Doppler effect. The sound waves pile up in front of the car. Because the waves are so close together, the frequency is higher. Thus, as the car approaches, the pitch is higher. The sound waves are spread joy behind the car. Because the waves are further apart, the frequency is lower. Thus, as the car leaves, the ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why the Catholic church as an organization is allowed to continue to run grades K-12 schools after being members of the organization being convicted so many times of sex abuse? | [
"Same reason public schools are still in business after having so many incidents of teacher/student shenanigans, abuse, etc."
] | [
"Pedophilia is no more prevalent in the Catholic Church than in wider society. However, the Catholic Church combined two dangerous attributes: 1. Offered programs with minimal supervision that afforded direct involvement with children. 2. Had an institutional bent towards secrecy and hiding mistakes. Bear in mind t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why is skin dryer after being wet and drying? | [
"Because you've washed the oils off of your skin. Your natural skin oil acts as a moisturizer, and doesn't evaporate nearly as easily as water would. Washing your skin replaces these oils with water which does evaporate easily, leaving your skin temporarily without sufficient water or oil."
] | [
"peoples blood pressure is lower when they first wake up. this makes them more sensitive to the cold."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How did individuals interact with banks before computers and modern technology? | [
"This reminds me of when I was little. Before ATM’s when my parents needed cash, we would go to the grocery store, buy something simple. At check out they would write a check larger than the amount owed and the clerk would give them the difference in cash."
] | [
"The first two are networks in which thousands of banks cooperate. The second two are individual companies running their own systems."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Finance:"
} |
why is chicken noodle soup good for you when you are sick? | [
"If I remember correctly it does have some minor antihistamine affects but mostly it's just the placebo effect."
] | [
"Your teacher is an idiot. Talk to a doctor about the best way to beat a type of cancer. That being said, a diet high in vegetables and low in red meat would lower your chances of getting cancer in the first place."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What happens to my data if Google went under/stopped existing? | [
"**If everything catastrophically failed at the infrastructure level (like a majority of their hardware just totally buggered off):** You'd likely lose everything, or most of everything you had on Google. **If the company went under (like a liquidation bankruptcy):** Ideally, they would have an exit plan for the \"... | [
"When a company goes bankrupt, or is bought by another company, the promises they made to you often are no longer valid or honored. This is one of the concerns that people have about Facebook. What happens when something better comes along and Facebook becomes the next MySpace?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If nicotine increases the flow of adrenaline why does it feel relaxing? | [
"Because of nicotine addiction. You are feeling relaxed because when you smoke you are returning your body to the level of nicotine it is used to. If you aren't a regular smoker, nicotine has a much more stimulating effect."
] | [
"It's a stimulant and makes the heart work harder. If you already have problems with the heart, blood pressure, blood circulation it could exasperate these problems. It depends on the person and their individual body's response. I read somewhere that stimulants are stimulating because your body is actually trying t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do companies like Coke, McDonalds, and Walmart still spend money on big ads? People will buy there stuff anyways because they're so big so why? | [
"Brand persistence. Its not that you will see the commercial and think \"I want a Coke\" Its that the next time you are in the store and you want a sugary drink you will have a much higher chance of selecting the one that is the most familiar. It works the same for cars. Very few people see a car commercial and th... | [
"Most of the time the point of commercials is not to actually sell you anything but to get their brand in mind. You may not like that they play commercials so much on your device but you do remember who's commercials are responsible don't you? Now how many other of that same type of business can you name? Chances a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How did a military superpower like the ancient Roman Empire manage to get beaten by a way less advanced and organized barbaric tribe? | [
"They weren’t “barbarians.” As the Roman Empire expanded and moved away from their model of citizen soldier, they increasingly recruited, co-opted, contracted and allied with foreign forces. These forces were frequently used for fractious infighting as much as outward expansion.Their identity as separate or Roman w... | [
"There were some pocket holdouts of polytheism in Greece into the ninth Century, but any that survived after that would be very scattered. During the days of the Roman empire in the second Century, Christianity took hold in a major way and eventually, it was written into the law that polytheistic worship was illega... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about History:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about History:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does the plug of vacuum cleaners always end where the chord wraps so you can never attach it properly | [
"It has to do with wrapping the cord too tight. If it ends where the hoop is, the cord is too tight, which means youre not taking care of the vacuum properly because it grinds down the plastic when it's too tight. Source: every southern mother ever"
] | [
"There's a little notch inside the outlet that goes into the hole making the plug \"stick\" in the outlet, so it doesn't constantly fall out or get accidentally pulled out."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Electrical plugs and their design:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment about Electrical plugs and their design:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment about Electrical appliances:"
} |
Since we breathe out Carbon Dioxide, How does this help somebody during mouth-to-mouth CPR when they need Oxygen? | [
"Because we don't use most of the oxygen in the air we breathe. The air you exhale still has most of the oxygen left in it."
] | [
"The problem with hyperventilating is NOT due to oxygen When you hyperventilate you rid your body of a lot of carbon dioxide. High carbon dioxide determines the need to breathe (in a healthy person) NOT low oxygen By hyperventilating you reduce carbon dioxide levels, and you body essentially forgets to breathe (aft... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Health and First Aid:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about Health and First Aid:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
why doesnt black absorb all light? | [
"Black obsorbs all colours equally, but not 100% of everything. \"blacker\" black obsorbs more. Also a surface can have texture that changes how it reflect light, compare a shiny black glass vs a slightly rippled textured black keyboard vs really matte black paint."
] | [
"there are different gasses in the atmosphere when light goes through them the light changes color and there is mostly one kind of gas at the right spot that makes light green! (i don't remember which)"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why are flouride rinses promoted for children after brushing, but not as recommended for adults? | [
"Children's toothpastes were flouride-free for a long time because there was a concern that they'd swallow too much of it while brushing. The flouride rinse made up for that. The American Academy of Pediatrics actually updated their guidelines relatively recently. They now recommend flouride toothpaste for all ages... | [
"They found that people who lived in areas with naturally high fluoride levels in their water supplies had far fewer cavities than those that lived in areas with lower levels of fluoride. So they started testing the compounds and determined that fluoride helps to strengthen enamel. It was a simple addition to the w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is thunder significantly more frequent during summer than during winter? Also, why are there often thunderstorms in the evening of very hot days? | [
"If you live in Lake Effect Snow country like Western New York, there's plenty of what's called Thundersnow. The difference in air temperatures between the warmer waters of the lake and the cold arctic air blowing in creates a powerful convective engine that pulls a lot of moisture out of the lake waters into the ... | [
"There is lightning and thunder in snowstorms. It is called thundersnow. While it does happen, it is rare. It is rare because of the temperature differences for winter storms is much less than in warmer storms."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
If both Chess and Go are played on a board, why does Chess have a finite number of possibilities (or states) but Go doesn’t? | [
"Technically, both games have a finite number of states. However, because Go is on a larger board, has only one type of playing piece, and much less restricted moves, it has many many times more states than chess - so many that people often consider it to be infinite (even though it actually isn't)."
] | [
"Most of them don't look at all possible combinations. They only look for moves that they think are likely for an opponent (in a given position, this may be only one good move to as many as twenty). Also, they are familiar with particular positions. They know which positions to try to get to and which positions to ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why do people take more offence when someone they care about is insulted compared to if they themselves were insulted? | [
"Many people have very low self esteem and care more about their loved ones than themselves. Also, we feel we can handle a lot, whereas we don’t want our loved ones to be forced to tolerate anything (circling back to “we care more about them than ourselves.”)"
] | [
"The inability to understand someone else’s emotions and feelings from their perspective. Eg, if you were obese and I called you fat and it hurt your feelings. If I lacked empathy I genuinely wouldn’t understand why it upset you. Which is different from me understanding why it would upset you and calling you fat an... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Siamese Twins are connected, so how is it handled medically if one dies before the other? | [
"Every case of Siamese twins are different. So you can not say anything generic about this. They share different organs and their blood circulation is connected differently. So it is up to the doctors and the patients or their next of kin to select the best approach in every serious situation. It is possible that S... | [
"The baby needs reconstruction surgery to form a thumb on each hand so he will be able to grip properly. Too many digits will also cause a problem with normal gripping. I understand he also has 2 palms. Hand surgery is very complicated and difficult so he will need a very experienced hand surgeon for this. I hope t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do lgbt+ teenagers/young adults seem to converge in social groups, even long before realising their sexuality/gender etc. ? | [
"Going only by my own memories of high school, I would make a guess that there's a subconscious awareness of 'otherness' or not fitting in. Even when you are a young child you can perceive whether or not you are 'normal' compared to the rest of the kids you socialize with. Those that feel less 'normal' would be mo... | [
"Sexuality is complex, the subject is divided into many categories, they are: * physical sex: what genitals you have? (penis, vagina, both, neither) * gender identification: which sex you mentally identify with? (trans-sexuals are people whose physical sex and gender identification do not match, cis-sexuals are peo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
What is long exposure photography? | [
"> one photo that is made over long period of time That's exactly what it is. It's called \"long exposure\" because the aperture of the camera is held open for a very long time, leaving the film / sensor \"exposed\" to the light. Normal pictures snap the aperture open and back closed again in around 1/60th of a s... | [
"Imagine using a garden hose to fill a bucket. Light is the water filling the bucket. ISO is the size of the bucket. Aperture is the size of the hose. Shutter speed is the time you leave the water turned on. ISO - the light sensitivity of the film or camera sensor. The higher the number, the more light that get... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why can’t robots click “I’m not a robot” on websites, and what robots are being stopped by this? | [
"Just the way your cursor moves from its initial position to the check box also tells the system you’re a human. Bots would go straight to the box while finger drag would be shaky."
] | [
"It tracks activity from your IP across all Google services/analytic affiliates. The CAPTCHA is somewhat superfluous when they have so much information about users, they can update Google Maps in real-time to reflect traffic congestion. If you aren't clicking \"I am not a robot\" 10 times in a minute or accessing r... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How do multiple exposures work to create such amazing photographs? | [
"This is a technique that is used when photographing in low light conditions. Normally this would require very long exposure times in order to collect enough light to get all the details. However you run the risk of overexposing parts of your image and underexposing other parts and you also risk motion blur as obje... | [
"Most likely, the photos are highly processed to look good. Photographers also work hard to take photos at the right time with the right light, under the right conditions. The TV might be adding contrast and vibrance, as well."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Polyphonic Overtone Singing- How does it work? | [
"Oooh Mongolian throat singing. I dont really understand how to do it, but some years back when I was working as a line cook, a couple of our more musically inclined co workers that washed dishes learned how to do it and would sing together in some gibberish they came up with. Good times."
] | [
"* Dehydration from low fluid intake * Slow blink rate, causing dry eyes * Poor body posture * Hey. Hey. Hey Listen. Hey. Look. Hey. Hey. Hey. Look. Hey. Listen. Listen. Hey."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How do actors get paid in movies? | [
"It depends on what they agree to be paid. Generally speaking, actors are paid a certain amount from the movie's budget to be in the movie. Actors can also get royalties from ticket sales, merchandise, DVD releases, and so on. If their face is being plastered all over the posters and products related to the movie, ... | [
"Critics get to see review showings of movies before they're released to general audiences in the theaters."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What causes the universe to expand? | [
"Scientists aren't 100% sure, but our best guess is that **it's the momentum from the Big Bang,** plus the effects of dark energy (which we're even less 100% sure about.)"
] | [
"No. Sadly if the light hasn't reached us yet, it never will. This is because the universe is expanding faster than light can travel."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about astronomy:"
} |
How is it possible for a nap as short as 15-20 minutes to significantly boost our alertness for the rest of the day? Especially considering the fact that it doesn't involve a deep sleep stage? | [
"I'd like to add a side question...how do you even time a 15-20 min nap? It takes me a random amount of time to fall asleep for a nap. Sometimes a minute or sometimes 20 minutes. I guess change your alarm every 5 minutes if your not asleep yet 😂"
] | [
"Most likely, yes. Your sleep cycle is divided into parts like deep sleep and REM, and you go through several such cycles every night during a normal eight-hour rest. Now, if your three-hour rest was interrupted halfway through a cycle, that can be very disruptive. But as long as you are able to get a high quality ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How do you make sure a surface like an outdoor basketball court is flat with no incline? | [
"First you make the ground underneath it flat. This is done in a process called “grading.” You essentially use large levels, or tolls that help you find where it’s flat, and you scrape out a flat area of land. *Then* you pour the concrete which makes itself flat because it’s in a semi-fluid state and then you scrap... | [
"The asphalt of the road is a lot less dense than the concrete of the sidewalk, making it less painful to run on!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Bone density after elongated periods of time in space. | [
"Gravity constantly pulls on your body and your bones have to be strong enough to hold your weight, so your body streghthens them to withstand that weight. In space, you have no weight, so your body redirects your resources elsewhere. Your bones don't need to be dense, because of that, so the body weakens them so i... | [
"Redistributing load on muscles and joints prevents harm and aches that would occur more frequently in a prolonged loading scenario. tl;dr feels good man"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What does the number like 89 or 91 then Octane mean for cars and why does the higher number = more expense? | [
"Ill make this short and simple. The higher the number the more resistant the gas is to ignite before spark ignition. If the octane is too low for the particular engine the gas will ignite and explode before the spark ignition and that is called detonation or pre-igniton and can destroy an engine. Engine's have com... | [
"Nothing bad will happen, but you are just wasting money, it doesnt offer you any benefits. To take advantage of premium gasolines your car engine needs to be built to operate at higher compression in the pistons, sports cars will be built like that, but a honda civic is not."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
why does a dry highway in the winter look glassy? | [
"The road warms up in the sun and warms up the air just above it. Light moves through warm air slower than the colder. This creates a bend as the light travels to your eye. For you it looks like a mirror on the road. Driving across prairies on a sunny day sounds really magical."
] | [
"Why do I feel as though my bottles of water don't do this but instead just freeze normally in the freezer?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
what is Novamin in toothpaste, how does it work, and is it a permanent solution? | [
"The hard and protective outer surface of teeth “enamel” is sometimes worn down and very small tunnels, or tubes, that are usually hidden under the enamel are exposed. The tubes are called tubules and it is often painful or uncomfortable when they are exposed, to cold drinks or salt, sweet or acid foods. Novamin co... | [
"Your teacher is an idiot. Talk to a doctor about the best way to beat a type of cancer. That being said, a diet high in vegetables and low in red meat would lower your chances of getting cancer in the first place."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How can we measure battery percentage from 0 to 100 one by one? Is there 100 different sensors or some sensors and a predicting software between them? | [
"The voltage of a battery drops a predictable amount as the battery depletes. So, it might be 3.7 volts at 100% charge and only 2.5 volts when it's almost dead. The circuitry inside your phone measures the current voltage and compares it to the known voltage curve and tells you how much charge is remaining."
] | [
"The status bar is something that gets updated explicitly. So if the program has to load 100 data files the programmers just map one file to 1% of the loading process. But the 100th file might be way bigger so it may take longer. Or the 99% of the process is the loading of the data (again a linear mapping from data... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why are law or accounting firms not incorporated, or have any publicly listed shares? | [
"It’s been a hot minute since I’ve learned it and I forgot some info but for lawyers (IANAL But a student of the law) lawyers can form an LLP (limited liability partnership) but can’t have stock and such because of ethical responsibility. The lawyer’s responsibility is to the client, not a stock owner and they can’... | [
"A corporation is a type of company. Specifically it's own where ownership is shared by the allocation of stock in the company that gives shareholders rights to profits and voting authority in the business decisions of the company. It's generally a favorable business entity for large companies."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If scabies can only live three days without a human, where do they come from if not from somebody else? | [
"Scabies transmission is almost always from person to person contact. You can have and transmit scabies mites without even having any apparent symptoms, and the same group of people can continue to re-infect each other over and over. It can also be spread by bedding and clothes and towels and such, but the mites c... | [
"they normally enter through food when they are very very small. alternately there are some parasites who can enter through cuts that already exist in the skin."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does rain come down in droplets and not a steady stream? | [
"In order for it to pour down in a stream like that, there would have to be a floating pool of water overhead. Such a pool would be very heavy, so it could never float. Instead you have a bunch of tiny droplets of water that are just small enough and light enough to float around in the air. When the conditions ar... | [
"Clouds are just water vapor. It's just fog that's high up in the sky. So the answers to all your questions are the same as the answer to \"what would happen if you poured water outdoors while it was foggy?\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does adding money to be circulated affect the economy? | [
"It causes inflation. When the total money in an economy (the money supply) increases too rapidly, the quality of the money (the currency value) often decreases. Economists generally think that this money supply increase (monetary inflation) causes the goods/services price increase (price inflation) over a longer p... | [
"I think a better question for this topic might be what is national debt and how does it translate into a monetary amount."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How do astronomers calculate distance through redshift? | [
"Redshift does not directly indicate the distance but only the relative velocity. Basically, you can calculate what light a star should be sending, based on its mass and you know what you received. The difference in the wavelength is, what the object traveled during the frequency relative to you. I believe you can ... | [
"> surface temperature We can measure this by analyzing the light that comes from the sun. Have you ever seen those cameras that mythbusters uses on their shows to see how hot something is that they're looking at (thermal imaging it's called). Same sort of idea. > mass We know that mass impacts gravitational attra... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Astronomy:"
} |
Why does cold water quench your thirst better than that at room temperature? | [
"We associate cold water with cooling off when it's hot. The body likes to stay cool in heat, so the body likes cold water. People might also be genetically predisposed to avoid warm, stagnant water, so water that's cold is considered purer (since germs don't like cold temperatures.)"
] | [
"You sense of taste is best around 80-110 degrees F. It's why juice tastes sweeter than ice cream even though it has half the sugar per cup."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What exactly is Pavlovian Conditioning? | [
"You get a message. It says you are an amazing person. The next day, you get another message. It says you are an amazing person. The third day, you SEE you have a message but don't read it yet. You feel like you're an amazing person. You've now connected positive feelings with the specific action of receiving a mes... | [
"Do you have Diabetes? There is also something called Maple Syrup urine disease."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does a balloon feel like it loses helium while I hold it tightly, then regains that "lost" helium as let the balloon fly freely? | [
"The pressure, and therefore volume, of gases varies based on a few factors, especially temperature. Most of the time it is colder in the morning and warmer later in the day, so the balloon shrinks as the gas has less pressure when it is cold and then grows as it get warmer. It has the same amount of gas, but the g... | [
"Those things have holes in them for the air to escape. So they have to replace the air that is lost. Why are there holes? Think of a balloon, if you slam a balloon against the wall (analogy for kids jumping on castle) the balloon will burst. But if the balloon is not tied, when you slam it the air will escape and... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why is it the first time I come back to playing a game I do very well at it, when afterwards I slowly start to decrease in skill as time goes by while I’m playing? | [
"You get complacent and feel like you don't have to be as careful. Then whoops, you make a rookie mistake and get ganked. It has really happened to me when playing Hitman. My patience goes down and I just try to speed through to get a goal after reloading a save, but sometimes it means too much sloppiness and I fai... | [
"We feel the defeat of failure for the same reason we feel success. Knowing that we failed can drive us to try harder next time in the same way that succeeding makes us want to do it again. Sometimes, however, you don't know what you did wrong or how you could've done better, and all you feel is crushing defeat. wh... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Psychology:"
} |
How are cranes removed from skyscrapers after the building has been finished? | [
"Great minds think alike. I've searched tha seven seas fer an answer. Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: How do engineers remove the cranes on skyscrapers, once the building is finished? Refer to photo. ](_URL_2_) ^(_32 comments_) 1. [ELI5: How do they get those giant cranes down ... | [
"They divert the flow of the river during construction then redirect it back to the dam once it's finished."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why did the MMR vaccinations fail in Japan in early 1990s that caused it to be banned? | [
"The vaccine works by enabling the body to build its defense against a weakened form of the disease. If you make the vaccine weak, the body easily wipes it out. To make sure the body made enough copies of the antibody, it takes three tries. Sure most kids are ok after two, but \"most kids\" isn't good enough. Paren... | [
"The main reason is that the diseases we vaccinate against have not been eradicated. For example, while the incidence of polio has reduced by 99% since we began vaccination programs, there are still about 50 confirmed cases per year. While extremely unlikely, there is still a small chance that someone can be infect... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does music sound out of tune when sped up? | [
"I believe it's because of the sound's wave lengths being shorter from peak to peak, creating a higher pitch. The flip being longer wave lengths making a lower pitch. Don't quote me though, I may not have phrased that correctly."
] | [
"Pitch (or frequency) is measured in the number of vibrations in the sound, per second. If I speak or sing, I can control both the pitch and speed, so I can alter one without affecting the other. I can talk slowly without sounding unusually deep, or I can speak in a high pitch without talking very quickly. If we sp... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
why a fractal has an infinite perimeter | [
"Or to put it another way, think of a line between two points, now instead of a straight line, split it in half and bend it out to make a corner. That line is now longer. Now you’ll take each of the two halves and split them the same way.... longer still, right? To make it a fractal, you never ever stop dividing an... | [
"Yes. That really depends on how you define dimension. Most fractal are non-integer dimension _URL_1_ Even with this new dimension. Normal things still have normal dimension, so it is a clean extension from our normal undersatnding of dimension"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
how do skiers finish high jumps without breaking their legs? | [
"They are landing on a decline for starters. That coupled with their momentum mitigates what the average viewer would see as a bone crushing landing. That said, it’s still a harsh impact and I know a handful of skiing enthusiast who have joint issues after years of high altitude fun!"
] | [
"What hurts when you fall a long way is the sudden stop. These people land on slopes that are steep enough, and keep sliding fast enough that they don't suddenly stop, which means they don't feel the same impact as say, hitting a wall at that speed. I'm big into these kinds of sports and we always have to take int... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
What is the point of an income tax and a sales tax? | [
"Sales taxes are localized. A city with a bunch of public service costs such as roads and other infrastructure can have a higher sales tax than somewhere out in the country with lower costs. Similarly a sales tax is paid by visitors as well as locals so a popular tourist location might charge a higher sales tax to ... | [
"The taxes are higher in the US. Tax inversion is a way to pay lower taxes. There is no correct answer to your side question."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
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