query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Why does Saturn have a hexagon at its uppermost pole? | [
"This is disappointing but we're not sure Most theories involve differences in wind speed inside and outside the hexagon, they've reproduced it in a lab but it only works with certain speeds, viscosities, and pressures. There is only a hexagon on the North Pole, the south doesn't have anything weird, and the North ... | [
"Gas giants can have differential rotation. Different latitudes on Jupiter spin at different rates. The polar regions on Jupiter take ~5 minutes longer to make a full rotation. Also the rotation of Jupiters magnetosphere is also used as a measure of 1 day on Jupiter."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why are theatrical film's success rated by money grossed, when ticket prices rise every year? Shouldn't it be judged by amount of tickets sold? | [
"The statistic isn't meant to be significant, it's meant to increase hype. Similar to the college football championship. It's a promotional number masqueradeing as a meaningful statistic."
] | [
"Because they can be, they're not going to get anymore out of you. A big budget game will generally appeal to a huge audience so even though it has a massive budget it sells a huge volume of units which makes up for it A lower budget game is likely a bit more niche, it is unlikely to move a ton of units but the peo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does AM radio broadcast travel so far at night? | [
"From what I understand, the signal bounces off the ionosphere and can, with a strong enough signal, travel around the whole planet. _URL_0_"
] | [
"> My understanding of radio waves is, the lower the frequency, the further the wave travels. Close, but not quite. Lower frequencies can better penetrate solid objects. Also, there are interesting effect where with AM frequencies can bounce off the inside of the Earth's ionosphere, allowing the signal to be receiv... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does tax avoidance result in income inequality, especially in developing countries? | [
"Legal Tax Avoidance, to distinguish from things like just not paying, is not easy to do. It requires a degree of financial knowledge, wealth, and connections to achieve. The average person may not know how to set up a tax haven, or move money through companies to avoid paying income tax. The wealthy can afford to ... | [
"The taxes are higher in the US. Tax inversion is a way to pay lower taxes. There is no correct answer to your side question."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
The physics of a Frisbee | [
"There are two important topics that relate to how/why a frisbee flies. 1) The rotation (angular momentum) causes the frisbee to act like a gyroscope and maintain the defined orientation of the frisbee in flight. If you release it with the frisbee parallel to the ground, it will basically stay flying parallel to th... | [
"The competetors begin the second phase of the challenge - the unproffesional race to the john"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why does skin turn red when exposed to hot water? | [
"Heat makes the blood vessels in your skin dilate. This brings the blood closer to the surface of your skin than normal, enough to be easily seen through your skin."
] | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Where does the wax in a candle go when you burn it? | [
"The wax is the fuel for the fire. The flame melts the wax, the wick sucks up the melted wax, and the melted wax in the wick keeps the flame going."
] | [
"They are coated with a petroleum or tar substance which is what burns. Here is a fun experiment: get a metal tray and some cotton balls. Try burning a cotton ball. Now dip one is rubbing alcohol and light it. Burns hot and fast, eh? Now smear some Vaseline on one and light it. Now it burns a long time. Kind of soo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Science:"
} |
Why/How do nipples get hard | [
"Depends on what they're hardening in response to. If it's cold your nips are likely in gem-cutting mode as part of the same response that gives you goosebumps. Your nipples (not to be confused with the areola) aren't very big or particularly fleshy so when the tiny muscles responsible for raising the your hairs co... | [
"Maybe you just pay more attention to womens' nipples so you more easily notice the differences."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Biology:"
} |
How can damaged headphones command mobile devices by moving? | [
"The headphone jack is a very simple connection with basically two signal wires carrying the left and right analog audio. There are no additional wires for sending any signals from the control buttons back to the player. So what can you do as an engineer to implement pause/skip buttons on the headphone wire when th... | [
"I suspect there's also the opportunity to make you use, and charge you for, their headset instead of your own."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How/why can birds keep their head stationary while the rest of their body is being moved around. I keep seeing posts of people wiggling chickens and other birds around and the whole body except the head moves. | [
"Birds stabilize their head so that they can maintain the clearest image possible. People also try and stabilize what we see. If you nod while looking something, your eyes will automatically adjust so that even when you’re head is tilted up, you are still have a clear view of what you were looking at. Birds don’t h... | [
"Pigeon's eyes are positioned more on the sides of their cute heads rather than in front like big human. This causes pigeons to be unable to see as clearly as humans do. When pigeons run, their heads will actually push forward as far as they can, stop at that spot while their bodies run past the head till the head ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why do you tend go to sleep later at night when you’ve taken a nap in the day? How does your body know that you’ve taken a nap and why does it take it into account? | [
"Think of an hour glass that slowly fills with sand. Your body has chemicals that act the same way, slowly building up within your body...akin to sand slowly building up in an hour class. As more \"sand\" builds up, the more tired you become. One way to push some \"sand\" back or get rid of some of the buildup is t... | [
"Your body has a natural sleep cycle (your circadian rhythm). If you stay up long enough you'll hit a time when your body thinks it should be awake even if you haven't slept. Sun light, your food intake, and activity level can play a role as well. None of these will replace sleep, but you might catch a temporary se... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Sleep and its effects on the body:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Sleep and its effects on the body:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Sleep and fatigue:"
} |
Why do flies buzz around in circles rather than on a general path? | [
"imagine having 120 eyes packed into two spots on your face, that’s how fly eyes be. Now try to fly in a straight line with small shitty wings and 120 different versions of your surroundings at once. Basically permanent drunk goggles"
] | [
"They don't fly directly towards the light. They circle around it, going round and round, spiraling closer and closer, until they end up being very close to it. Why do they do that? Well, bugs use the sun and moon for orientation. They try to keep the light source above their heads in the same place, that way they ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Science:"
} |
why if sodium makes your body retain water than how can it dehydrate you at the same time? | [
"To maintain the right balance of salinity in your body, your kidneys will work overtime expelling the extra salt, using up your water in the process."
] | [
"You know how eating salt on it's own makes you thirsty? Well when you put salt on the slug it gets so thirsty it dies because it gets too dry on the inside to live. Getting dry on the inside is called dehydration and we drink water, juice and other drinks so the same thing doen't happen to us."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do all humans look different, but other animals look almost identical | [
"They don't, you are just adapted to distinguishing between people because those are who you are familiar with. This is why people who are not of your familiar ethnic group can tend to \"all look alike\"; they are distinct if you know what to look for, but you just don't know what those features are. Similarly anim... | [
"Yes, those differences in appearance are caused by one genetic abnormality that causes all the other symptoms of Down's syndrome. If the other symptoms of Down's Syndrome made it easier to live life as humans, attract a mate and have children, then it could become part of what you could call 'evolution'. Persons w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment about biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment about biology:"
} |
Why do pigeons bop their heads as if they're listening to a beat. | [
"Pigeons (and other birds like chickens) don’t actually bop their head back and forth when they walk. What they are doing is sticking their neck forward, and then holding their head still while the rest of their body catches up with them. By keeping their head still, they can reorient themselves and see a clear ima... | [
"It's a learned behavior. The dog associates the good feeling of scratching an itch with making the scratching motion with its leg. When you're hitting the spot, that triggers the dog's learned behavior, so it starts waving its leg around as if it were scratching an itch, kind of like how you might start twitching/... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
What does it mean/what happens when one files for bankruptcy? | [
"Basically it means you are unable to fulfill all your debts in full and you are asking the government to mediate this situation. It doesn't mean all your debts go away. It doesn't mean you have no money, or will have no assets at the end of the process. It just means the government is going to step in and determin... | [
"Because it is worth it. Dammit, I thought I was clicking on a /r/jokes thread. To answer your question, there are nominal filing fees but most of the expense is to a lawyer to handle the paperwork."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why is it more likely to rain at night? | [
"basically spoken: warm air can hold more humidity. so when the temperatures go down after sunset, the stored humidity begins to \"condensate\" (not sure if this is scientifically precise)"
] | [
"Because they have a better chance of not being eaten by birds, most of which sleep at night."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why do animals with claws grow them in a curved triangle? Wouldn't they thicken out, through growing equally across the nail, and become a squarish oval like our nails, but thicker? Or do they have to manually sharpen them? | [
"A cat's claw - for example - does not grow like our fingernails. Our fingernails grow in layers horizontally, so to say. A cat's claw grows from 'inside out', basically. The sharp tip thus is always really sharp, as it's part of the 'youngest' structure of the nail. The outer sheaths of the claw grows duller ove... | [
"Not really. It's possible to grow out your fingernails, and even encourage thicker growth to make them stronger, but they will never be strong enough to act as a claw. The placement of them, in the top of the fingers and toes, just doesn't work for it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do songs sometimes sound at a different pitch when the volume is low? | [
"Something harmonically important is not loud enough to establish the tonal center. Likely the bass. Without the bass notes (the chord roots), the tonal center can easily become ambiguous. Sometimes the remaining musical parts, such as guitar, piano, melody, etc., can still define the key and tonal center, but ofte... | [
"If you're talking about FM radio as opposed to playback from your phone, I think I can help. So if you have a good enough ear to realize that a song is a half step high, you'll know that if you have two identical song files or tapes and one is played slightly faster/ pitched up higher than the other, it will be pe... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why can't helicopters exceed a certain altitude when carryin a heavy load? | [
"Helicopters use their rotars and blades to create lift. The more mass it has to carry, the more lift needs to be generated to keep it in the air. As you go higher and higher in the atmosphere, it begins to thin. It eventually reaches a point where the amount of lift the blades can generate in the thinner atmospher... | [
"It is not that much heavier as the isle would be close to the center of the aircraft. And they can balance the aircraft using the location of the cargo and by pumping fuel between the wing tanks. And lastly they just put a bit of trim on their flight controls so that one wing produce a bit more lift then the other... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If blue flames are hotter than normal flames, why is the sun orange not blue or white? | [
"The sun is white. Our atmosphere scatters blue light, so we see the sun as reddish/orange, and the sky as blue."
] | [
"The lava itself isn't blue, the sulfur coming into contact with the oxygen in the air burns blue making the lava look blue. The link you posted says it looks normal during the day, and that you can only see the blue flames at night."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What causes the pressure in our chest when we hold our breath? | [
"The pressure doesn't actually increase as you hold your breath. What you are feeling is the psychological manifestation of your need to breathe. And what is ultimately driving that is increased carbonic acid in your blood. Carbon dioxide is a bit different from other gases in that it doesn't really dissolve in wat... | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How do modern vehicle speedometers work? Tire rotations per minute? | [
"Yep, tire rotation. Knowing the diameter of the tire and multiplying that by pi gives you the distance traveled per rotation. That means that if you do anything to increase the diameter of your wheels, you need to also get your odometer adjusted, or else you will actually be driving faster than your car thinks you... | [
"Depends on the type. Indirect sensors measure wheel speed. A smaller wheel has to turn more times to travel the same distance as a bigger wheel. So if your tire deflates and your wheel gets smaller, it will spin a little faster. Direct sensors actually have a little battery powered sensor in your wheel that measur... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the post about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
When your head grows, does the pressure in it change too? | [
"Yes (but causation has not been established). Surprisingly, we didn't know until 2015 - no one had thought to check. [A 2015 study](_URL_0_) found that the pressure inside your skull decreases with age. However, two things are of note: * Adult intracranial pressure decreases at a rate of around 0.1 mmHg per year. ... | [
"The deeper you go, the higher the pressure gets. This something may only be able to handle so much water pressure before it starts to fail."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why do the majority of plastic containers/tubs/bottles have a small ‘ramp’ going downwards in the bottom of them. | [
"Pretty sure its to keep it moving along the production line and to keep it still at the appropriate time it gets filled up and the cap screwed on."
] | [
"I assume you're talking about plastic milk jugs? They small ones are shaped differently than the larger ones. The larger ones have much less volume in the upper half, due to the space cut out for the handle, while the smaller ones are a little more uniform, so the upper section contains nearly as much as the lower... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do spiders, ants and the like climb up walls and ceilings? | [
"Little tiny hairs on their feet allow them to grip almost anything and since they don't weigh alot it's really easy."
] | [
"They have two varieties of silk, sticky and non-sticky. They step only on the non-sticky silk. They also have oils on their legs that help unstick from the sticky silk. And they do get caught in other spiders' webs."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why does healing skin under a scab feel itchy? | [
"Specialized cells called fibroblasts weave a fiber net under the scab to act as a scaffold for other cells to heal the wound. Over time the fiber net slowly tightens to help close the wound. The pull of the fibers triggers the nerves on your skin that sense very tiny vibrations. These nerves usually signal that a ... | [
"Probably because you are not used to the way your hair follicles feel when the hairs press against things, such as when you sleep at night. It can make them sensitive, but only at first!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do movies take a long time to be leaked in high quality when they are literally aired in thousands of cinemas? | [
"One word: Encryption. The movies are distributed on a hard drive, but there is an extremely potent encryption system that works with the projectors, the movie studios, and the files on the drives to ensure that they cannot be used for anything other than projecting the movie. The drive or 'digital cinema package... | [
"I used to pirate shit all the time. When it came to movies, r5 at the time was always your best bet. Not sure if this is still the case. R5 is basically a region where the dvd would be released in say Russia months before release in say the US. People would rip the movie and dub the English audio over it. This aud... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
what causes coughing? like how do we cough? | [
"Human body has triggers, different kinds in different places, that respond to irritation. If it reaches a certain threshold it causes you to cough. It does this by sending a signal to primarily diaphragm, but depending on the type of irritation and how strong it is it can also signal basically all the major muscle... | [
"You would have alot of health complications possible death, coughing is to clear the throat or get unwanted materials out of your lungs IE saliva or water, you would suffer dryland drowning symptoms and possibly die due to the fluid build up in the lungs."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Biology:"
} |
Why do everything taste bland when you are sick? | [
"Most of taste depends on smell. So when you're sick, the smell receptors are affected. So you can't taste as well."
] | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why don’t famous people who are known to do drugs get in trouble for possession? | [
"Because \"common knowledge\" isn't sufficient to meet the burden of proof necessary to obtain a conviction in the court of law. You have to have actual evidence of a specific crime. Everyone speeds, yet a cop just can't randomly ticket people based on that common knowledge, there must be a specific instance of spe... | [
"It has more to do with how much money they have. Imagine you win the lottery. What would you do? When asked this question, most people say things like buy a house and travel and give it to friends. But, some people think things like have lots of sex with attractive people, travel and do crazy things, party, experi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How do bees avoid inbreeding? Or genetic mutations if not? | [
"A queen bee will mate with as many males as she possibly can. She then stores their sperm and uses this wide array of genetic material to produce new eggs; thus, a colony's workers all have the same mother, but a variety of fathers. Bees also use a huge amount of what is called *genetic recombination*. This basica... | [
"Generally yes. The solution you refer to has to do with gene pools, probability, and finally luck. Inbreeding for a few generation begins the process of homozygosity. Instead of inheriting different genes from each parent you begin to inherit the same gene because you have the same ancestor. There are laboratory a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why all of a sudden are insect populations on the decline globally? Is it just a climate thing? | [
"Insects have been on the decline for a while now but only recently has this information become more readily available to the public. The main factor that is causing insect populations to decline is the use of non-targeted pesticides that are lethal to a wide range of insect species. Farmers use these because they... | [
"higher CO2 will lead to increased temperatures, among other problems. This will lead to may issues including melting of ice caps and ocean levels rising. This is the whole basis behind concerns about climate change, if you're unaware of the current terminology."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why does fecal matter break into pieces rather than coming out the size of your colon? | [
"Im no poop dr, but all the twists and turns in your inner workings, dehydrating the poop in your large intestine, and the action of your turd cutting sphincter all play a part"
] | [
"It goes into your stomach, through your intestines, and then back out of you fairly rapidly. It's no different than any other small piece of food you might swallow."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
why old bread gets crunchy and old chips get chewy? | [
"The staleness in bread is affectting the gluten (bread structure), the molecules get stiff and harder Chips because they are fried start crunch and if left in a sealed and dry container will stay crunchy for a longtime. When exposed to air and moisture the crunch that happens from starches caramelize and browning ... | [
"Powder Sugar has small a amount of cornstarch in it. Why it tastes different. Well steak in a blender tastes different than steak on a plate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post about Food and beverage:"
} |
Why do fizzy drinks fizz up a lot when you first open the container? | [
"There is more pressure inside the bottle than there is in the atmosphere. When you open it up, access to the lower pressure allows carbon dioxide that has dissolved into the liquid and become carbonic acid to free up and bubble out. After a while, the difference in pressure between the outside of the bottle and th... | [
"Gas dissolves better in liquid at low temperature so the CO2 in the bottle went into the beer. When temperature goes up the gas leaves the liquid and back into the air space. This is the same reason a coke goes flat sooner if you keep it outside and thats why they tell you to serve it chilled."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
how do speakers play more than 1 sounds (like 2 voices and music overlap) at once? | [
"All sounds are made up of waves, and if you add waves together, you get a single wave that incorporates everything that made up the constituent waves."
] | [
"because different parts of certain songs do only come out of one headphone, by design. if you switch your audio to mono instead of stereo, they will come out of both."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
what are atomic clocks and how do they work? | [
"When electrons are excited (given a little more energy) they tend to release it eventually and go back to their low energy state. The time for that to happen is very predictable in certain gases. An atomic clock works by exciting an element like hydrogen, cesium, or rubidium and detecting what frequency waves are ... | [
"A second is defined internationally as the time that elapses during 9,192,631,770 cycles of the radiation produced by the transition between two levels of the cesium 133 atom. That's the most precise, scientific definition of a second. There are a number of atomic clocks around the world that are all synchronized ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do dimes have the little ridges all along the side? | [
"Back when coins were made of precious metals, some people would shave tiny bits off the sides of the coins. They would then melt down the metal and sell it. The tiny ridges allow you to verify that the entire coin is there."
] | [
"Hey! A question I can answer! Possibly but very unlikely, in my early days of coin collecting I bought a lot of these on ebay and they were all fake. Did some research and found out that counterfeiters pump these out by the thousands. Look at the reeding (the lines on the edge of the coin) If they are not even and... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
If Nebulas are giant clouds of dust and gas, how do Nebulas keep their shape? | [
"They don't. They are constantly expanding and changing shape, it is just that they are so huge, that it takes forever for the changes to be noticeable. The Horsehead nebula is slightly different now than it was 20 years ago, and in a way that it is just barely visibly notable."
] | [
"Auroras - When particularly strong charged particles our sun hits one of the top layers of our atmosphere, it excites the gases there. The gases light up and you get the colorful displays known as auroras. Supernova - Sometimes a star will die violently. When it does, it explodes and becomes very bright. It is an... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why do certain objects in our homes 'crack' at night? | [
"Your house and everything in it expands, contracts during the day and with usage. Pipes heat up and cool down.. Also your house \"settles\""
] | [
"Why do I feel as though my bottles of water don't do this but instead just freeze normally in the freezer?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does our brain know if a sound is coming from straight ahead or straight behind us since there is no timing difference between left and right ear. | [
"Because of the shape of our ears. Sounds from behind us have to go through the fleshy outside ear. Sounds in front of us don't. That makes them distinguishable so we can tell if it's in front or behind us"
] | [
"Dogs are particularly sensitive to the tiny difference in time between hearing something in each ear, and tilting their head allows them to better identify where a sound is coming from or how far away it is."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
- If wrestling is a fake fight who decides who will win the fight and be the championship winner? | [
"Wrestling is not fake fighting. It is a legitimate sport with competitors and a scoring system. The WWE is a scripted show based around wrestling like a play. The writers decide the outcome."
] | [
"It is true that in the US, boxing used to be as popular as the NFL or MLB. The problem with boxing is that people liked the sport, but they didn't like the process. Baseball has a very set process of determining the championship. Every team follows the same process and has the same shot to win it all. Win a pennan... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why is it such an innate response to celebrate something exciting by extending both hands above your head? | [
"I think the assumption that it is innate is a cultural idea. So it may seem natural but is culturally trained."
] | [
"You're disregarding the emotional side of sex that has to do with acceptance and affection. I'll answer the question with a question: Why does a hug feel better than just wrapping your own arms around yourself?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why is ~70°F the ideal temperature for humans? Is there any scientific explanation why? | [
"Because we [evolved](_URL_0_) on the African savanna, where the temperature is usually between 70° and 90°F, so we adapted to that environment."
] | [
"There’s no such thing as “cold” just less warm. Temperature is a measure of energy. There is still plenty of energy in this above absolute zero. Can you give more context about what you mean though, like an example?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Health and Medicine:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment about Health and Medicine:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
If our longest finger is two away from our thumb, why is our longest toe next to our “big toe?” | [
"Different functions. Your hand is used primarily for grasping things; thus the finger lengths are such that, when holding a stick, the tips of your fingers are all in about the same position. Your foot is made for running; thus, longer toes (big toe & the one next to it) are located where more of your weight will ... | [
"The snap comes from your finger hitting the palm of your hand. The middle finger has a better angle than the index or ring finger."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Anatomy:",
"pos": "Represent the post about Anatomy:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
What's the difference between how a regular car suspension and a tank/continuous track vehicle suspension works? | [
"In principle they can work the same and a [Christie\\_suspension](_URL_1_) uses springs a lot like on cars today and a [drawing of it](_URL_2_) from a WWII Soviet T34 tank Leaf springs has also been used primary before WWII. Most tanks today uses torsion bar suspension where you use the twisting of a round metal r... | [
"The public transport busses have an air suspension set up. School busses still use the old leaf spring set ups which is a lot more rigid than the air suspension."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do sunrise and sunset look so differently? Shouldn't the sun be at the same angle behind the horizon? | [
"Nights are normally more calm than the daytime when the sun stirs things up with convection which kicks up dust and dirt. Dust and dirt are larger particles and scatter red light which causes the sky to turn purple and red."
] | [
"Sun only appears yellow when it's low on the horizon because of the thick atmosphere blocking blue light. The moon appears yellow at the horizon as well. The sun, when it's above your head, is purely white."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
how does the national grid work? How can my energy supplier say that all my power comes from renewable sources? | [
"So let's say you and other users who want renewable energy consume X units of energy. The grid may have both renewable and non-renewable sources, but as long as they buy/produce X units from renewable sources then they can say that your power was renewable."
] | [
"The Hinkley Point nuclear reactors will provide power to southwest England. Power can be generated in other ways, like burning coal, at different costs with different side effects. No one plant is essential to \"keep the lights on\". As long as customers are willing to pay, they can have many sources of electricit... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why are so many sniper rifles still bolt action? | [
"I'm surprised no one has pointed out the most important reason yet. When a bullet is loaded from a magazine, either through an automatic or a bolt system, it is pushed up a feeder ramp into the breech. This ramp, and being slammed into the breech, can leave imperfections in the round, or in the brass around it tha... | [
"I feel like this is a question that should be answered by a panel like this. a popular question on this subreddit is why, on the on-set of WWII, America was the only country with a semi-automatic rifle while everyone else were using bolt-action rifles. Is this an accurate depiction of the arsenals of the different... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How are whole cities in specific eras for movies/shows filmed? | [
"Depends on the budget and how much time the show spends in the setting. If it’s like Star Trek where they spend a single episode in the past, it’s just going to be using existing sets from some other movie or making their own really limited sets. A lot of either limited interior shots, or locations that are sparse... | [
"because there are still several blockbusters that were basically privately owned and not a franchise."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why can't you use hot water to boil water for cooking? | [
"There is more likely to be debris, nastiness, and funk in the water coming from the water heater. A tankless water heater would be fine."
] | [
"The chlorine in tap water should keep bacterial growth at bay for about 2 days. After that, you run the risk of bacterial growth. There will also be marked pH differences that will make the water taste funny, thanks to absorption of carbon dioxide by the standing water. In short, dump put that water and wash the c... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does radiation affect our body? | [
"Radiation breaks the directions your cells use to work - basically like ripping a page out of the instruction manual. These random pages are often \"How to prevent this specific cancer\" but sometimes, with certain types of radiation in high enough amounts, they're \"How to keep your skin attached to your body.\""... | [
"What source says that alcohol is bad for your teeth?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why ripe fruits taste better even though they aren’t getting more stuff from the plant | [
"There are actually two types of fruit, **climacteric** **fruit** and **nonclimacteric fruit**. **Nonclimacteric** **fruit** will not ripen off of the tree at all— they depend on their connection to their tree to build up sugar. Fruits such as citrus, berries, and melons are nonclimacteric and best when picked as r... | [
"It's how it feeds. Plants take CO2 from air and water from the soil and turn them into sugar through photosithesis. I never heard about giving sugar to a Christmas tree but it's a common thing to do for cut flowers, the sugar dissolved in the water keeps the flowers fed for a while."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do pets love being scratched/petted? | [
"You ever get your back scratched by someone you find REALLY impressive?"
] | [
"Are you kidding? Who shouldn't want their back an head scratched all the time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why does software go down/crash so often? | [
"Did you miss the planes crashing recently? How many cars get major recalls? Software is not immune to mistakes, but it's compounded by a combination of users that use it poorly and hardware not created by the software developers. As a programmer, I can't make your hard drive not suck. I also can't make you keep en... | [
"Why do threads about planes disappearing keep disappearing?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How were we able to build the tallest building in the world in 5 years, but there are those that think 5 years is too short a time to make a new roof for Notre Dame in Paris? | [
"For the cathedral, they wouldn't just be building a new roof, it will be a restoration process which takes time. It is also a cultural heritage site which means it's important to history and protected by many rules and laws. Any plan to rebuild should be reviewed and approved by the pertinent authorities and the p... | [
"It's only been a few months, it takes a few years to go from idea to the road."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is the purpose behind a cranial nerve exam, and what is a medical professional looking for when doing one? | [
"Mostly strokes and tumors. The cranial nerves do very specific things so a deficit in one of them would tell you where there is a lesion or some kind of compression on a nerve. If you can't smell then there's something wrong with your factory nerve assuming everything else is equal. If you can't shrug your shoulde... | [
"They understand the symptoms in much greater detail that can be described in such a list, and can make a much better judgement of whether or not it's likely you have cancer than a layman can. However, an MRI or other method will be necessary to confirm."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it that no matter how many times I mix up my sour cream, the next time I use it there always is liquid at the top? | [
"Because it separates out slowly between uses. It isn't a completely stable mixture, it is like sediment in water slowly settling as it is left calm."
] | [
"Follow-up question, I hate drinking milk but i love it with cake, cookies or brownies; what causes the taste difference? I even notice when it goes back to tasting gross after a few seconds, its weird."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If Spotify and Apple Music generate so little money for musicians, why do so many of them participate in it? Even with the loss from piracy, surely it would be better for Taylor Swift or Moby or AC/DC to just take in the money from regular sales as they did before. | [
"Little money is better than no money, and that's really what the answer is, if you don't provide your stuff on the common networks people will just pirate. You make more by just selling everywhere that is willing to take you, take whatever money you get. In the end, most of the money is really coming from tours an... | [
"It's more lucrative for film makers to release their work to theatres, or even DVD/BluRay, long before considering a release on Netflix. Music on the other hand isn't very lucrative to begin with, unless you happen to be a pop star, so releasing an album on a streaming service like Pandora isn't likely to result i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
What is a "catch-22"? | [
"It’s something that you need to do something, but to do that thing you need that something first. Like experience for an entry level job. The catch 22 is an entry level job shouldn’t require experience."
] | [
"What do you mean by the 'earliest breeds'?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why do oil companies build pipelines that go all the way across a country(s) rather than building a refinery next to where the crude is kept? | [
"Oil is sent to markets where it makes the most money. Chicago is a major hub, for example, because it distributes to the NE of America. The Gulf is another, as it's a major global distribution spot. One main reason is the main demand for the product is rarely where the oil is in the ground. Another is that the pro... | [
"That's not oil burning, it's gas. Oil comes out of the ground as a frothy mix of gas and oil. A device at the well-head separates the gas from the oil, and sends the oil into a pipe-line. A lot of times, there is another pipe-line for the natural gas, but if there isn't? It just gets 'flared' off. The cost of natu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
What is the process for creating cgi effects on the scale of something like the battle for Winterfell where there are so many individual moving objects? | [
"I can think of two techniques that are typically used high character count scenes. 1. Duplicating actors through a process called **rotoscoping (think copy and paste)** multiple times in the scene. This works best for characters with similar appearances like the Dothraki Horde or the Unsullied. 2. CGI Studios can... | [
"Two methods: 1) Scale models in slow motion. Blow up a 1:64th scale white house with a can of gasoline and replay the film in slow motion. It looks very much like the actual building blowing up in real time. 2) Computers. Airplane crashes and large cityscape scenes are usually done with CGI backgrounds. The actors... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What’s the physical differences between 3G, 4G and 5G networks? | [
"1G, 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G refer to generations of cellular technology marked by improvements that are incompatible with previous generations (except 5G which will be supplementary to 4G and hopefully alleviate 4G congestion). How the performance is delivered goes beyond improvements to a single physical device; it's ... | [
"They are markers indicating the level of mobile internet service you have - GPRS (Global Packet Radio Service) is the slowest, at about 35kbps, E (Edge) is slightly faster, at around 135kbps, then 3G (3rd Generation) at approximately 6Mbps, 4G (4th Generation) is around 15Mbps. LTE, or Long Term Evolution, normal... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Technology:"
} |
Exactly what is happening here to allow these fish to be caught with flour? Trypophobia warning for video. | [
"theyre not getting the oxygen they need to survive from that hole. it doesnt seem like much flour the kid puts in but its a very fine powder. a little goes a long way. that being said theyre trying to find breathable water but im guessi g its too late for them which is why they kind of just hang out outside of wat... | [
"Actually, ELI5, how the fuck are you relieving ear itches with your tongue?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do baking instructions tell you to incorporate eggs one at a time? | [
"They are viscous “liquids” and take more effort to incorporate into a batter. If you added them all at once, you risk over-beating the eggs before they are all mixed in."
] | [
"The yolk is fat. The white is protein. Chemically, these behave very differently when added to a recipe. For example, the egg white is often used to add air and leavening to a recipe because the protein can help retain air and bubbles, but any fat added with it can break the bubbles. The solution: add them separat... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How do they keep the endings of shows (like Game of Thrones) from getting leaked? | [
"NDA (non disclosure agreements), and potential for job loss. If they find out you’re the one that leaked it they will make sure no one else hires you. Your reputation is at stake"
] | [
"In this case I believe it is because they have not released the movie to critics so as to avoid leaking plot details. Current rumor is there is some big reveal regarding Luke they don't want to give away in advance."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
what makes spider silk so strong? | [
"You're thinking in the macro world still. In their world a leaf is heavy and could rip their web."
] | [
"Hollow bones, and a whole lot of other things that make flying animals lightweight and aerodynamic."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why do body parts get hot after being injured? | [
"Increased blood flow. Blood starts its path in your core and is pushed out toward your extremeties. Your core temp can be several degreea higher than, say, the temperature of your hands. More bloodflow = more heat."
] | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Do fat or overweight people have more blood than normal-weighted people? | [
"Yea, since more mass has to be supplied. Otherwise you'd need a faster circulation system, thinner bloodstreams, and that'd also mean a higher average pulse, which would cause heart issues aside the other likely ones that already exist when you are overweight."
] | [
"Yes, skinny people can have diabetes though it is much more common in obese people. The decisive factor are the blood sugar levels."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do cruise controls work? | [
"Most cars built in the last 15-20 years have fully electronic throttle and shift control. That means your inputs go to a computer, and the computer tells the engine and transmission what to do. Cruise control is actually pretty simple in that case, because the computer can read the vehicle's speed too. So turning ... | [
"That's exactly how car insurance works. Can you clarify your question?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How does goodRX get people discounts on prescription drugs? | [
"Having worked in a pharmacy I can tell you we hated GoodRX. It \"saves\" the customer money by charging the pharmacy $40 to fill the prescription. Half the time it didn't save customers any money, or they would save minimal amounts, but there were the occasions where it was helpful. The biggest issue was really pe... | [
"It's how your plan is structured. Even if the cash price of the drug were the same (which is unlikely) your plan will pay less of that cost for going to your neighborhood pharmacy. Many insurance companies own their own mail order, basically paying themselves to dispense to you. TL;DR: the insurance coverage ch... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Does deodorant « activate » when you sweat or is that a myth? How does it happen? | [
"Some deodorants have their scent packaged in little balls (microcapsules) that break open due to heat or friction. Those activate, but many don't. Fabric softeners do the same thing."
] | [
"Antiperspirants control the sweating and remove the smell that way. Deodorant simply covers up the smell and some deodorants kill the bacteria that create the smell as well (the sweat itself isn't what stinks). Most of what's available in the store is a combination so you shouldn't have to worry about it. However,... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
how do you get color from a black and whitE photo? | [
"It's manually coloured or a computer figures out the most likely colours. A lot of world war documentaries do this."
] | [
"Black obsorbs all colours equally, but not 100% of everything. \"blacker\" black obsorbs more. Also a surface can have texture that changes how it reflect light, compare a shiny black glass vs a slightly rippled textured black keyboard vs really matte black paint."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why do artists performing on stage need in-ear pieces? | [
"To perform well, artists need to hear what comes out of their mouth and correct what was wrong a secind ago. Try writing without looking, and you will see how hard it can be to write nicely. So when you sing in a normal room you only hear yourself, but when you are on the stage there is also music, which is loud a... | [
"As a sound engineer, they hear a mix that we send them of everyone else on stage. In rare situations, we actually put a mic on stage listening to nothing in particular that gives then an ambient feed as well."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If the boiling point of water is 212°F/100°C, how does water evaporate at temperatures significantly lower than that? | [
"Evaporation is a different process to boiling. The first is a surface effect that can happen at any temperature, while the latter is a bulk transformation that only happens when the conditions are correct. Technically the water is not turning into a gas, but random movement of the surface molecules allows some of ... | [
"I'm not positive, but there are two things I can think of that are in play. The first is that the thermostat may just be wrong. The other is relative humidity - when there's a lot of moisture in the air, your body's natural cooling mechanisms aren't as efficient and may cause you to lose heat faster or slower. > ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
since trees and other like oxygen producers thrive off of CO2, why are they not thriving?(taller, more branches, more leaves) | [
"Because for one, there is a limit to how much CO2 plants and trees can absorb and use in photosynthesis. Secondly, the air is not just filled with CO2 but other gases as well, from exhausts and the like, which are negatively impacting plants and trees such as nitrogen, hydrogen and sulphide oxides and carbon monox... | [
"What i was told is that most die in the stomach. but because there are so many (think about how some vitamins are 1000% of your daily dose) a small portion makes it through and begin to reproduce (possibly wrong word) rapidly as bacteria do."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
(Why) are there no skeletal muscles that go over the midline of the human body? | [
"Biologist here: Im not sure what you mean by “midline” but im going to assume the middle of the body, running vertically along the spine axis This would be because of the way our major skeletal muscles in our torso attach to our body, at the spine and sternum. So we have a center point of the body where two differ... | [
"At some point during our evolution, we switched from having a big nerve cord that runs along our belly, to one that runs along the back - this developed along with the vertebrate skeleton and is what we call the spinal cord. So essentially the entire nervous system spun 180^o relative to the brain in order to swi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why do some animals have red blood and others don’t? | [
"The colour of your blood is based on the metals in the blood. Humans (and many other animals) have iron in their blood and this makes it red. Some spiders use copper instead, making it blue."
] | [
"Why are noses different in size, why are people different heights, why do we have different hair colors?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:"
} |
What is API, REST, SOAP, JSON and XML | [
"API: Application programming interface - definitions, communication protocols, and tools for building software, mostly built by companies to allow 3rd party access REST: REpresentational State Transfer - standardised communication style SOAP: Simple Object Access Protocol - platform independent format for sending ... | [
"They're not describing the same thing. REST describes a communication protocol. SOA describes a design strategy. Service Oriented Architecture - It's a design paradigm for designing applications where you divide it into smaller services. The main advantage is it makes it easier to manage and you can reuse parts of... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What’s the difference between Nadh, Fadh and ATP? | [
"Not quite. All three provide energy but are not 'made of it' themselves. NADH and FADH are molecules that are easy to oxidise and reduce again, so 'carry' the H- a proton- to different areas of the chemical reactions in your cells to be used as drivers of the proton gradients that create ATP. ATP similiarly, is br... | [
"Imagine you wanted to pack as much energy into your little seed as possible so the plant baby gets the best head start possible. Fat = 9 calories per gram. Protein or Carbs = 4 calories per gram. Pretty much that."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
what is Benford’s Law or Benford’s Analysis? | [
"In real world data like (from the wiki) electricity bills, street addresses, stock prices, house prices, population numbers, death rates, lengths of rivers, physical and mathematical constants... The numbers seen aren't uniformly distributed. That is, you're NOT just as likely to see a 1 in the first significant d... | [
"Because then we would also have to add * Communism/socialism/Marxism * The speed of light * Black holes * How computers work * Monty Hall problem"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If someone “won’t press charges” against another individual, does that individual just walk about freely even though police know they’ve committed a crime? How does this apply to a crime like murder? | [
"Individuals don't press charges against other individuals, only the government attorney does. What they mean is \"would you like to come by and provide a formal testimony of the crimes against you?\" If there is other evidence of the crime committed, then the perpetrator can be charged even without cooperation fro... | [
"Often these cases are thrown out almost immediately. They are not thrown out, however, if there is a case of disproportionate or illegal actions taken by the homeowner (what is considered disproportionate and illegal is obviously defined by the laws of that place). Basically, just because the robber is breaking th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Vengeance, Revenge, Retribution? | [
"Retribution has more of an implication of righteousness, while Revenge and Vengeance have more a feeling of dark/violent payback"
] | [
"Side 1 - For Vaccines: -Science Side 2 - Against Vaccines: -Paranoid idiocy"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why were monocles used when most cases of vision loss affect both eyes? | [
"They're more like modern reading glasses, you keep the monocle in your front pocket and bring it out to read fine text. Nobody actually wore them around all day, it just became a symbol of rich old people because that's who would typically have the need for one."
] | [
"Back in the day very few people could read books. The first people to adopt wearing glasses were probably people who could read but had bad eyesight. If you were a farmer you were much less likely to need accurate vision than an academic or scientist. Thus, eye glasses become associated with intelligence"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do power companies tend to be monopolies? | [
"Power companies are almost always local utilities. That is, they enjoy a monopoly regulated by the state (or states). In contrast, 'telecom companies' used to be one company (AT & T) that enjoyed a nation-wide monopoly until it was broken up by the federal government. In that break-up, a system was created where t... | [
"Monopolies are not illegal. Antitrust is about abusing the monopoly to enter new markets. The stores may be considered monopolies."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How does the earth’s magnetism work if metals lose their properties with intense heat? | [
"Earth's magnetic field is generated by moving currents in the outer core. In that sense, it's more like a gargantuan electromagnet than a permanent magnet. Moving charge generates a magnetic field, and the liquid outer core moves in circular currents due to the intense temperature difference between the inner core... | [
"The shape of an object doesn't make it magnetic in any particular direction. Instead, the direction of the atoms within the object -- how they are lined up -- determines the magnet's polarity. And this can even be changed through exposure to other powerful magnets."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it easy to bend a paper clip in the middle, but not the ends? | [
"Biggest factor is just torque. Your fingers are much farther apart when you try to bend it in the middle. Imagine a ruler, is it easier to bend it when holding it at the ends, or holding it right in the middle (near where you want the 'bend' to be). There is also strain-hardening. The ends of the paperclip are alr... | [
"By scraping one side, you're making that side thinner and weaker than the other. The microscopic cuts you're making form joints, and the stronger other side pushes against the weaker side to create a curl. Think of it like this. Imagine a string of triangles that are connected at the same two corners so the point... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why do you never see pens with brown ink? It seems like such a common color in nature | [
"Maybe 'cos nobody likes it: [Wiki](_URL_0_) According to public opinion surveys in Europe and the United States, brown is the least favorite color of the public; the color is most often associated with plainness, the rustic and poverty."
] | [
"Green ink was something that were really easy to get hands on during the period when the dollar first arrived. It was also a strong ink so it doesn't rub off easily. That's was good, considering how many touched it. The ink were also made up of many different inks, which made the colour hard to counterfeit. Mostly... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How will we take down the mega-skyscrapers like Sears or Taipei 101 or Burj Khalifa when their time comes? | [
"If it ever came to that point, they would gut the building to it's base concrete and steel, and then dismantle it floor by floor. They probably wouldn't ever do that though, more than likely the buildings will be renovated. It might not seem like a lot, but it's pretty easy (in the grand scheme of things) to compl... | [
"It is not. Dubai's economy is heavily subsidized by outside investments, most notably from Abu Dhabi. That's why the tallest building in Dubai is named after the ruler of Abu Dhabi, not (for example) the ruler of Dubai. Dubai's economy is heavily in debt."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How does a movie screening/license work in a movie theater? | [
"Former IT on a movie crew here. Basically, to put it simply, the projector system is set up with a backend system that allows the movie distributors to provide digital versions of the movie to be premiered. The files are time sensitive, and will only be allowed to play once the time threshold is entered (skipping ... | [
"Because they don't have the licensing rights to movie. Renting out a dvd just means they had to buy a copy of the film, not the distribution rights for the film."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why the flu/sore throat and coughing worsen at nights? | [
"I’ve always heard it’s because when you lay reclined for extended times the mucus and post nasal drip drains into your throat and causes irritation."
] | [
"Treating the symptoms. The cold virus may change, but treating a stuffy nose and headaches doesn’t."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Medical:"
} |
Why do joints / old injuries tend to hurt more when it's very humid | [
"I've heard it's usually weather changes in general, which are associated with changes in barometric pressure. These changes, some scientists hypothesize, cause your tendons (and scar tissue) to expand or contract a bit. Healthy joints and tissue are fine with this. Scar tissue and arthritic joints don't have the s... | [
"Rain usually happens when air pressure drops. Damaged bones (whether from arthritis or injury) are more sensitive to changes in air pressure. I broke my leg many years ago and it still aches when the air pressure changes."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Health and Weather:"
} |
Why does water stay in a straw when you hold your finger over the top? | [
"It creates a vacuum. Air needs to displace the water in the straw. If no air can get in the straw, there are no other forces strong enough to pull the water back down."
] | [
"Mercury is silver. Most thermometers use a red coloured alcohol instead of mercury because it is safer and works at lower temperatures. The mercury (or alcohol) doesn't reach higher temperatures when upside down because the tube is too narrow and the end is sealed. You can try this with water and a drinking straw.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How do we get snot from crying? | [
"When you cry, tears come out of the tear glands under your eyelids and drain through the tear ducts that empty into your nose. Tears mix with mucus there and your nose runs."
] | [
"Actually, ELI5, how the fuck are you relieving ear itches with your tongue?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Supercapacitors. How and Why | [
"It takes minutes to safely fill a battery, because your electricity is driving a chemical reaction. You can fill a super capacitor in milliseconds, provided you have a suitable power supply. Similarly, it takes minutes to safely drain a battery, the chemical reaction tends to generate heat. You can dump a supercon... | [
"The things that are touching get tangled. ELI25 Version: Pursue a Ph.D. in Material Science...we still don't have all of the answers."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Where/how does puss from cysts and spots go/breakdown in the body if left 'unpopped'. | [
"Biologist here: Pus (also called Liquor Puris) is a protein rich fluid thats basically made up of dead white blood cells from the immune system that had been fighting the invaders that formed the cyst/boil/wound. The body constantly breaks it down and the liver filters it out of the blood and into the waste system... | [
"It's a combination of inflammation and pressure of pus formation, I suppose. Then you squeezing too, and all pressing abnormally hard on local nerves."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health and Wellness:"
} |
How fish ended up in unplanted ponds and small lakes with no other water access. | [
"In some cases certain water birds will unknowingly carry fish eggs from one body of water to another"
] | [
"There are areas where hundreds of years ago they were connected so water life could move between then as the water dried up they get trap in different places. The other case if that the travel on boats between the two bodies of water"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why are our feces brown? Is it because we eat foods of all different kinds of colors that end up mixing and creating brown? | [
"_URL_0_ When red blood cells get old and worn-down, white blood cells eat them. The hemoglobin (the stuff that makes them red, and carries oxygen) is broken down into a chemical called bilirubin. Your liver extracts the bilirubin from your blood and turns it into bile, which helps digest fats in your small intesti... | [
"It all has to do with melanin. This is what causes our skin to be the different shades of dark and light that we are, typically to help fight harmful UV rays. Unfortunately for us though, melanin only causes our skins to be different shades of the same brown-ish color, not primary colors of the rainbow."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If our heart is a muscle, then why does it never get tired while resting? | [
"In the case of heart failure, it does get tired. A tired heart results in rhythm disturbances like vtach and vfib. The heart muscle can get stretched out over time from various causes. A stretched out right atrium causes atrial fibrillation. Many things can cause dilated cardiomyopathy. Clots (ischemic), random v... | [
"If I tell you that the pain you feel in your muscles after a workout is the pain of your body tearing itself down to rebuild itself better, how does that make you feel? If I tell you that the pain you feel in your muscles after a workout is your body developing cancer, how does that make you feel? And there's your... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.