query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
How did 'old English' develop into present english? | [
"Language evolves over time. It doesn’t just become a new language out of nowhere. (Not usually, anyway) The rules of grammar and vocabulary changed. New words were used; older ones stopped being used. We found ways of expressing things that were better or just different. We misused words until they stuck. We dropp... | [
"Australians have an Australian accent. Also, the American accent is closer to the British accent of the 1700's than the current British accent. Accents evolve over time when populations become separated."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
how does bid rigging work and why is it illegal? | [
"Three construction companies bid to build a bridge that a government wants to build. The cost of the bridge would normally be $100 million, but the bidding companies work together Company A bids $215 million, Company B bids $210 million, Company C bids $200 million. Because the bids were fairly close to each other... | [
"Anti-trust laws deal with the domination of a sector by a specific industry. If you don't want to pay for the book, you're free to take the course from another professor or another college. Anti-trust laws really have no bearing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do people sleep? | [
"Sleep is complex, and isn’t yet fully understood. However, there are actions our body takes while asleep that wouldn’t be possible while awake, such as clearing neuronal debris in the part of the brain we require to be in an active state in order to be conscious. Interestingly, dolphins have worked around this by ... | [
"How do you think they stay rich? ;)"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
What do metrologists mean by the "feels like" temperature and how is is different than the actual temperature? | [
"To look at it a different way: Actual temperature is how fast the air molecules are vibrating. Feels Like temperature is how much the surface temperature of your skin drops when you step out into that air."
] | [
"In Canada they use something called a \"Wet bulb\" measurement to give the humidex rating, and similarly the wind chill. It's kind of what it sounds like. The thermometer has its bulb wet. This has the effect of giving the lowest temperature possible with evaporative cooling taken into effect. Kind of like a basic... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How much of a rotten or spoiled food does one need to ingest so that one's body goes into "Food posoining/vomit/I'm ill mode"? | [
"It totally depends on the specific bacteria involved. But for the most part things like E. coli and Salmonella do not survive longer than about 4 hours on a surface exposed to air. On wooden surfaces, they are absorbed very quickly into the pores of the wood and cannot easily be transferred back onto food because ... | [
"It if gets past the stomach in to the intestines its diarrhea, If it dosnt get past the stomach, its vomit. unless you´re really sick you dont vomit shit."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What happens to the body/brain when people faint at the sight of blood? | [
"You get spooked and your arteries and veins dilate. Your heart can't keep the blood pressure up, so the blood pools in your legs and your blood pressure drops. So the blood can't get to your brain. This causes you to faint. It's called a [vasovagal response](_URL_0_). And that's why sitting down and squatting will... | [
"Likely because some part of the process makes you anxious and you experience a mini fight-or-flight reaction of blood being drained from your extremities to be pumped into things your body deems more important in the moment. Possibly resulting in your hands even becoming totally numb. Source: Am deathly afraid of... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How do touch lamps work? | [
"They use something called capacitance. It has a wire attach to the outside of the lamp that has a small voltage applied to it which is basically trying to shove electrons into the metal. The metal can only hold so many electrons, but if you touch it, some of them leak into your body, and the wire can now push more... | [
"Do you know how a fan works? If so just turn it around"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
what is that sensation you feel when you watch someone fall and you feel it in the area that it happens to them? | [
"You get input from something called [\"mirror neurons\"](_URL_0_). To quote the link i sent you: \"A **mirror neuron** is a neuron that fires both when an animal acts and when the animal observes the same action performed by another. Thus, the neuron \"mirrors\" the behavior of the other, as though the observer w... | [
"I get the same sensation when something comes close to the area between my eyebrows. It has nothing to do with eye movement or mystisism. I cannot explain why but i can feel a slight pressure when an object is close. I have wondered about this myself."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does time only go forward? | [
"We don't know. Its an unsolved problem in physics. It seems to simply be a fundamental property of it, and currently all evidence suggests that it does only go forward. Though its also clear that it doesn't necessarily need to. It could go backwards and things would work just fine. It just doesn't."
] | [
"If magnets are magic, is gravity magic too? Fundamental forces, yo. They run the universe."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How can companies like Uber and Lyft continuously lose billions yet stay in business? | [
"They're held afloat with loads of cash from their investors. Every time you take an Uber, your ride is being subsidized by Silicon Valley venture capitalists, SoftBank, and now public investors (now that they've done an IPO). The end goal of these companies is to become the only transportation network, allowing th... | [
"The most important question when investing is : does this company have the potential to be profitable in the future. Uber might be unprofitable now, but they have an insane volume of rides, far more than a taxi company. If they earned as much from each ride as a taxi company normally does, the profits would be ast... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What happens when you "crack" your neck? | [
"gas releasing from inbetween your joints. it takes a while for it to refill its area so you can't (shouldn't...) be able to click the same bone several times. i know it kinda sounds stupid but it really is just from a gas bubble popping. things inside of a 100-200lbs meatbag will tend to sound different."
] | [
"Are you trying to get everyone to scratch their butt?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Health and Anatomy:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Health and Anatomy:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why is noon 12 pm, midnight 12 am, and not the contrary? | [
"AM: “ante meridiem” Latin for “before midday” PM: “post meridiem” Latin for “after midday”"
] | [
"It's Latin, and it's lowercase. a.m. means ante meridian, and p.m. means post meridian. In this context, meridian means when the sun is highest in the sky. So, a.m. literally means before noon, and p.m. means after noon."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is it that when people experience a radiation "burn", their skin becomes more like a dark tan color like that of a sunburn instead of an actual burn like from a fire? | [
"A burn from fire is caused by heat while sunburns and radiation are from exposure to rays of \"light\" such as UV and gamma rays Think grilling vs microwaving"
] | [
"It's not staining, it's pigmentation. It isn't always brown either. It's the same sort of thing that causes the skin around nipples to be a different color than the rest of the skin."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How do police scanners work? | [
"The term has a number of meanings. One meaning of 'police scanner' is just a radio that is tuned to the radio channels that the police use. You can hear their conversations. Another is a 'radar scanner', that listens for the signals given out by radar speed measurement devices. A similar device could be made that ... | [
"It's illegal in a huge number of jurisdictions already. Where do you live?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How do we modify rice or other foods to include more vitamins? | [
"For any processed food they add powders containing the vitamin or mineral that they say they are adding. One of the easiest ways to show this is almond milk with added calcium if you put a container of almond milk into a clear container and put that container in the fridge you'll see a powdery residue on the botto... | [
"It is not about the carbs, it is about the vitamins, minerals, and natural fiber."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why does air feel like it is moving faster in front of fan and slower behind it | [
"The air is moving slower behind the fan because the fan sucks in air from more directions than the directions it pushes outwards. Imagine a funnel. The level of liquid above the funnel nozzle goes down slower than the the speed of the liquid leaving it. However, volume is conserved."
] | [
"the force of your lungs sucking in air to breathe is less than the force pulling the air past your head. it's similar to running against the wind on a really windy day. if you could suck in air stronger than the wind is blowing it around your mouth, you'd be able to breathe."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do other animals seem to “know” the world shorty after birth but humans need so much care and attention when they’re babies before they can do anything on their own? | [
"Physically developing we are close to a bobcat or other animals in terms of lifespan. We have a much, much more complex world than any other animal does though. We have to eat that play-doh and stick that key in the electric socket to learn that we want to be a philosophy major or an architect. Bobcats can't build... | [
"Human bodies were formed by evolution. Evolution is determined by natural selection. Natural selection means nature likes traits that help you survive to have babies. This means everything in the human body either keeps you alive long enough to reach sexual maturity, or helps you produce babies once you have reach... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What are te negative long-term effects of sugar? (within calorie-correct diet) | [
"\"Over the course of the 15-year study on added sugar and heart disease, participants who took in 25% or more of their daily calories as sugar were more than twice as likely to die from heart disease as those whose diets included less than 10% added sugar. Overall, the odds of dying from heart disease rose in tand... | [
"- Differences in metabolic status (genetical/hormonal). - Difference in body size. The more mass, the higher base need for nutrients, particulary muscles. - People don't always know everything about another persons diet and real exercise, so they might overestimate/underestimate themselves compared to others."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
how do we get electricity/energy out of a battery? A battery is just made of metal and liquid right? | [
"Imaging having a long tube filled with water placed horizontally, if you were asked to make current, a smart way to do it is by raising one side of the tube so that it flows to the other direction. And that's how batteries work they raise the voltage on one side so that electrons can flow to the other side."
] | [
"A battery is essentially 2 different metals with acid between them. You can do this with a lemon, a penny, and a nickel. You can use a voltmeter to see the electrical potential across the penny and nickel. [Simple Wikipedia article](_URL_0_) Anyway, your fillings have some metal in them. The tinfoil has a differen... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Dentistry:"
} |
Some animals, such as dolphins, crows, and chimpanzees, are considered to be smarter than others. How exactly do we measure an animal’s intelligence? | [
"For starters, the animals you've listed [use tools](_URL_0_), which is a demonstration of intelligence. [They also solve puzzles](_URL_2_). They also use [tools to solve puzzles](_URL_1_)."
] | [
"Dolphins are generally thought of as particularly intelligent creatures from the animal kingdom. Most people have hang ups about eating animals that are appear intelligent and social."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does decriminalization of drugs reduce drug abuse and crime in the countries that have done it? | [
"Jailing addicts doesn't actually do anything for them. Being in prison doesn't make them want to use less, and usually they will go back to using once they get out. Except now they have no community, money, and likely cant find a job. By decriminalizing you can bring the market out of the shadow and into the light... | [
"The war on drugs is just the U.S. Government's plan to reduce drug use through supply interdiction (going after large scale dealers/distributors.) Some alternatives would be demand side interdiction (going after users-making penalties for personal drug use so high that people are afraid to use, causing a fall in d... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What is happening on the micro scale when your back cracks. | [
"Nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide gases trapped in capsules are released when the joint stretches"
] | [
"1: where is the visual representation? 2: Are you talking about when the water pours backwards out of the glass and dribbles down it?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do certain places guarantee you’ll get a job after receiving their certifications? | [
"Always read the actual guarantee. None guarantee actual employment, they can't. What they do offer is varying levels of additional support, or partial refunds of tuition if you have followed all of their recommendations and an, in their opinion, reasonable amount of time has passed."
] | [
"There are multiple reasons why, but some of most common is a lot of jobs want years of experience, or skills that some students are not taught during their college years. Another reason is they got a degree in the wrong field. It's best try to get internships if possible during your college years."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why do you have to pretend to sleep to fall asleep? | [
"To go to sleep you brain has to slowly begin to shut down, if your doing something then you brain is working and therefore not shutting down so you can sleep. And as for laying down with your eyes closed, that's because it's pretty hard to sleep stood up with your eyes open"
] | [
"And why don't I need it when I fall asleep on the couch?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Science:"
} |
Why is it so comfortable to sleep under a blanket, even when it’s not cold? | [
"Also the slight pressure of something on your body. If you are wrapped up/covered, you are safer in your primitive mind. That why they sell weighted blankets that people can use for anxiety and other disorders. They also have weighted blankets with a cooling system in them for the warmer months/climates to keep yo... | [
"You sleep under the sheets, no? Your body warms up the inside of the sheets so its very warm come morning."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How and why do selfie cameras make you look different than when you look in the mirror? Is it something to do with the lens? Or perhaps the mentality of our perception? | [
"Because you've only ever seen your reflection, which is a reverse image of how you really look. When you take a selfie, you are seeing yourself as you really are."
] | [
"> do my friends see me the same way I see through a mirror? No. You see your reflection as apparently flipped from left to right (the reality is that it's flipped front to back, but for all practical purposes, you can treat it as being flipped left to right). People looking at you directly don't see a flipped imag... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do arcade video games and flight simulators use mirrors to reflect the monitors instead of just letting you look at the monitor? | [
"Talking about the old school arcade cabinets? CRT monitors are big, and deep. If they put the CRT upright at eye level the cabinet would be twice as deep. Laying it down facing up at a mirror is much more compact."
] | [
"LCD displays use polarizing filters to make their image. The take the light made by a back light and force it to walk in a line. Then it hits the liquid crystal which can make the light roll forward instead of walking. Then a second filter will only let light that's rolling through instead of walking. When you loo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
what is Habeas Corpus, and why did Abraham Lincoln suspend it ? | [
"It’s the requirement that a person under arrest has to be brought before a court of law before being punished. He suspended it because of the nature of a Civil War, ie there are people all over that may side with the enemy. And they may do something like sabotage or run to the South to join an army. And since trea... | [
"Because he is a US citizen. If they don't read him his rights, why should they read them to you?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
When someone gets punched/slapped so hard that they pass out, what is occurring in the brain that caused them to become unconscious? | [
"A concussion. & #x200B; A concussion occurs when the brain is rapidly slammed into the sides of skull. This can cause a black-out due to the initial trauma the brain has. If a concussion is severe enough to cause a loss of consciousness, it's actually quite a serious medical condition."
] | [
"A sleeping person will react to outside stimuli. Dunk their head in water and they'll wake up from the water or they'll cough and splutter and wake up. An unconscious person doesn't react to outside stimuli. Dunk their head in water and they'll drown unless they regain consciousness. The whole slap an unconscious... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Biology/Medicine:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Biology/Medicine:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
how does uv light clean stuff? | [
"It doesn't clean stuff, but it kills. Specifically it kills microorganism. The microorganism ar actually what we worry the most about when we worry about stuff being dirty. Dirt doesn't make you sick. Bacteria do and UV-light can kill bacteria. This technology is used to for example make water safer to drink. It w... | [
"If you encase your cellphone in a ziploc will you still be able to hear it ring inside? Waterproof does not mean soundproof."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is happening in/to my eyes when my focus switches from content on my screen to the reflection on my screen? | [
"Your eyes have a lens inside them, very similar to what you find on reading spectacles. This lens takes light rays hitting it, and focusses them into a single sharp image. To see something clearly, you want that image to land exactly on your light sensors at the back of your eyeball. When you look at objects near... | [
"Because their eyes are generally pointed away from the screen. They don't necessarily see what's happening on the screen."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How the power grid is able to work even when some circuits are not closed | [
"The circuits are connected in parallel. If you cut off one of the circuits, the others are still connected. Consider [this diagram](_URL_0_). If you remove one of the bulbs it only cuts off that circuit, but electricity can still flow through the other bulbs."
] | [
"Most modern power grids have backups, redundancies, and protections to prevent the total loss of power. As long as a power line isn't knocked out completely, or the power station or transformers don't blow, any interruption in power cause by a nearby lightning strike or a shaky pole.will be temporary."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why does human (in general) seem to recall/retrieve dirty vocabulary much faster than “normal” ones? | [
"_URL_0_ This is sort of tangentially related, but it speaks to why what you're describing happens; swearing isn't just encoded in the sense of vocabulary in our brains, it's also encoded emotionally. This is why it's much quicker so say \"Fuck!\" when you stub your toe than \"I just stubbed my toe!\". Swearing app... | [
"People say angry things sometimes, and they tend to use words for things that are unappealing or imply weakness: *shit, asshole, fuck you, bitch* etc. Those words tend to be tainted by their association with angry speech (in linguistics we call it pejoration), so they become \"bad\" words. The next generation acqu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Linguistics:"
} |
How does running water reach the higher floors of skyscrapers? | [
"There are booster pumps throughout that aid the water to reach the top, simultaneously there are pumps in the drainage to slow down the drop of water/waste"
] | [
"The sky is significantly lower in Europe; there's really not enough height to build such huge skyscrapers."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why do liquors that are made from carb-heavy foods like potatoes (vodka) and sugar cane (rum) have no digestible carbs in them? | [
"The carbs are broken down into sugar and then into alcohol by the yeast. So all you're left with is a sweet alcoholic mess."
] | [
"A lot of sugary foods that are high in calories are also high in fats/other carbs which is adds tremendously to the amount of calories in the food. Sugars are carbohydrates, so they have 4 calories per 1 gram. Fruits are mainly just water, fiber (both have no calories), sugar, and micronutrients (vitamins, mineral... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how we’re able to see satellites in low earth orbits during the night? | [
"> surely in the middle of the night they’d all be blocked out You are correct there. Unless the satellite has its own light source (there have been a couple of satellites that had bright LED lights as experiments), they rely on the sun and reflected sunlight to be visible. If you see something in the sky in the m... | [
"Because the moon is continually orbiting the earth. The moon doesn't follow the night when it orbits, so sometimes we can see the moon during the day."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about science:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about science:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
What keeps venomous/poisonous animals from harming themselves? Are they born with a genetic antidote? | [
"Some actually can harm themselves. It depends on the animal. Others are immune to their own toxin, or super resilient to it."
] | [
"No, because it's venom. Poison is ingested. :D Most snakes have quite weak venom that is for killing prey much smaller than themselves. Not many snakes have powerful venom that can kill larger prey. Plus reptiles appear to have a natural immunity to many types of venom. However, there are snakes that eat other sna... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about biology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about biology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What happens during a seizure and what usually causes them? | [
"I'm a disability support worker so I come across them quite a lot. All I can say is that they present differently from person to person with a huge variety of causes. I work a lot with a young man in a wheelchair and he will have both full body shaking seizures as well as vacant seizures in which he is completely ... | [
"The blood pressure in your head briefly fell. It's called postural hypotension and is used as a clinical sign, especially in emergency medicine. It's not usually considered dangerous by itself, but if it happens often enough to bother you it's worth talking to a doctor."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Where do politicians get their information from? | [
"A certain one seems to get a lot of information from Fox News. But in general I believe they are briefed by various agencies depending on the situation, which can include intelligence agencies, and the governments also talk to each other. But in many cases they don't seem to know that much either, like when a big-... | [
"The American government does not care what the rest of the world thinks."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How is Uber losing money? | [
"For every $10 you pay the app, Uber takes about $6. It spends $4 on insurance and cost of running the app. It also spends about $1 on marketing, $1 on research and development, $1 on other administrative stuffs. That net -$1. * *Numbers aren’t actual. Edit: 2018 actual numbers: $6 revenue - $3 cost of revenue (i... | [
"How do you think they stay rich? ;)"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do scientists think that time is an illusion? | [
"i didnt hear people saying that time is an illusion, do you mean that time is relative?"
] | [
"It's even more inconceivable that the universe has an end, because what's on the other side of the end? Time does the same fuckery. Like a lot of things, it's simply beyond human comprehension."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Mathematics:"
} |
Why is the brain "wrinkly"? How does a larger surface area of the brain give us more of an advantage over volume? | [
"because the cores of your neurons are only located at the surface of your brain, the interiour consistd of their connections if im not mistaken. a larger surface volume leaves you with more neurons in total"
] | [
"Genetic dumb luck combined with rigorous training, particularly from a young age. Mere effort is not enough and neither is raw talent. However, the two together can produce amazing results. Neurologically, most \"geniuses\" have more/better connections between the various regions of their brain and often have grea... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why are planetary rovers built in clean rooms if they're just going to get covered in dust when they arrive at destination planet? | [
"part of the idea is that *we really don't want to introduce foreign bacteria to other planets*. Foreign in this case means our own. If we are going to another planet to study bacteria, to learn about the evolution of other planets, it's pretty useless as a science experiment if we bring along our own shit too. And... | [
"Because its goal isn't to travel; it already landed where it needed to be. It drives a few inches, takes pictures and soil samples and does related testing. It would need to travel really long distances in order to get to someplace that different, geologically speaking, and it's just not worth it. There's plenty o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do cold drinks feel more hydrating than hot drinks? | [
"The further away from body temperature (98.6 degrees Fahrenheit) something is, the more obviously we can sense it. I imagine drinking boiling water would be equally as refreshing if our nerves didn’t send pain signals."
] | [
"Ice cream is very sweet, and in turn makes you thirsty. Imagine the most sugary thing you've ever eaten. Sugar makes you thirsty. There is nothing better than water to quench your thirst."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Language and culture:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Language and culture:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Science:"
} |
Why do non-criminals care if Google collects their data? | [
"Do you want marketing firms to know what kind of weird ass porn you're into? Or what kind of stuff you talk about with others in your home around your Google home device? Or that you have a particularly troublesome medical condition? Google knows all of these things, and absent privacy policies has no obligation n... | [
"Two reasons. One, legal requirement. They need to be able to track whoever downloaded kiddie porn while sitting in their local McD. Two, generating and then selling user profiles with personal information such as email or phone number = profit."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why does your heart beat faster as you inhale and slower as you exhale? | [
"Breathing in expands your rib cage, and in turn removes pressure on major blood vessels like the vena cava. This briefly lowers your blood pressure and your heart responds by pumping slightly faster"
] | [
"Because we are tired, our breathing begins to be shallow and slows down (when you're sleeping your breathing is shallow), so the brain instructs the body to yawn in order to get more oxygen in."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does moving horizontally prevent satellites from falling towards earth? | [
"Stand on a mountain and throw a ball. It moves horizontally to the surface of the Earth, but gravity pulls out down so it eventually his the ground. Now imagine a really tall mountain and you throw the ball really fast. It moves away from the Earth because you are on the high mountain, but gravity pulls it back t... | [
"If you're in a stable orbit, you'll never fall back to earth. That is because you're moving so fast that the gravitational pull makes you move in a circle instead of falling into the atmosphere. This works the same way on the spacecraft as it does on the persons inside, meaning that they move at the exact same spe... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Science and Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Science and Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are some foods (peanuts, etc.) more likely to cause an allergic reaction than others? | [
"It's not something fully understood yet, but there's a lot of theories. Interestingly, what is considered a declarable allergen varies in regions- in Australia it is peanuts, tree nuts, sesame seeds, eggs, dairy, fish, shellfish, wheat, soy and recently added are lupins. In Europe, the list is mostly the same but ... | [
"Allergies are hypersensitivity of the immune system to something that doesn't bother most people. If someone's immune system detects chemicals in the synthetic substance as a threat an allergic reaction can result. There are different levels of allergies like mild and severe reactions."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
I understand that at the end of the day consumers pay for tariffs, but where does the money from those tariffs go? | [
"> **I understand that at the end of the day consumers pay for tariffs** Tariffs are paid by whoever imports the product. Sometimes they pass the whole cost on to the consumer, sometimes some of the cost, and sometimes none of it. There's no hard-and-fast rule. & #x200B; > **but where does the money from those ta... | [
"The price is determined by whatever you will pay, not by the cost of the production. Apparently they have decided that these prices would maximize their profits."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do people in the western world see alcohol as fine, but other, objectively less harmfull drugs as extremely dangerous? | [
"Propaganda from the govt in the past so they could get the people on their side and a lot of it people still believe"
] | [
"All drugs without medical uses were banned. Period. There's no logic in why a *particular* drug is illegal - it's a moral position that says \"getting high is wrong\". For purposes of the law, alcohol, tobacco & caffeine are just not considered drugs."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about History:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about History:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why can I see what looks like window tint glue/adhesive only when I have sunglasses on? | [
"So your talking specifically about polarized sunglasses which have coatings that filter out horizontal light waves. When you look at other glass or tints with that, you will see that essentially line up its light distortion with your light distortion"
] | [
"Polarization. Simply put: Sunglasses with polarized lenses align the light in one direction. The tint is an imperfect film that has certain polarizing effects on light as well. When you have the shades on, you’re able to see the alignment of the tinted application. Try this with cheap shades. You won’t see anythi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Physics:"
} |
Why are the helmets of an astronauts reflective? | [
"The Sun is **very bright** in space. Too bright for the austronaut's eyes. Helmets have a reflective shield to cut out about 2/3 of the light. The shield can be stowed, so they can see when in the shadow of Earth, but pictures aren't taken in the dark much, so you usually see it deployed in photos."
] | [
"Orange suits were used in earlier missions, before the Space Shuttles, where the astronauts landed in capsules in the ocean. Orange is a lot more noticeable than white against the blue ocean."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do bees die after they sting something? | [
"The stingers have barbs which face the opposite way to the stinger, like a hook. When they pull away the stinger comes off the bee along with its organs, the stinger stays embedded and the bee dies shortly after"
] | [
"Bess are generally not aggressive (except maybe Africanized Bees), die when they sting because bits of their insides get pulled out after they sting, and harvest flower pollen to make honey. Bees are also fuzzy. Wasps are basically smaller hornets, both wasps and hornets eat insects (like bees) and don't die when ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do some airplanes leave a white trail after them while others do not? | [
"The same reason some mornings you can see your breath and other mornings you cannot. Just like you, airplanes exhaust hot, humid air as a result of burning fuel. When conditions are right in the surrounding air, that water condenses into tiny droplets which are seen as white trails, and other times it remains the... | [
"Take a water bottle and drink most of the water. Then, close the cap. Twist the bottle so that it is pressurized and split into two sections. Quickly take off the cap, you will hear a loud POP. In that moment, the air goes from high to low pressure. And if you look at the bottle, it will be emitting a little cloud... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how do football (soccer) clubs communicate with each other over transfers of players and how do they pay? | [
"They have an entire financial team that deals with the process. They have a huge scouting team that go out and watch thousands of games a season who make recommendations to the manager or director of football or someone else inside the club. Agents communicate with the club on behalf of the player. Contracts and ... | [
"Surprised to see no answers to this after 4 hours, so I'll have a go and see if I can start the conversation. The reason is because, in Europe, players are contracted to the teams, whereas I believe in America, players are contracted to the league. In Europe, teams pick and choose players in the same way as any ot... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Who were the protestants, why is there still such a divide between them and Catholics, and how was Henry VIII involved? | [
"Protestants are a group of christians who didn't like how the Catholic church was changing. There were many critisms, often revolving around how the church was too secular or corrupt, and that it was selling piety. The reforms started with a German named Martin Luther, who released some papers critising the church... | [
"Christianity is the overarching belief system. Christians believe that Jesus Christ was the son of God and the messiah. Catholicism is one of many Christian churches. During the reformation (and earlier for Orthodox churches) there was a divergence in the interpretation and practice of Christianity. These offshoot... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why does FedEx always have to shoot your package to the other side of the country before delivering it when it's two states away or less? | [
"It’s like carpooling. Even though you might find it faster to drive just you in a straight line to work for 15 minutes, it’s more efficient to go a bit out of the way to pick up extra people. One car driving 30-45 minutes is better than 5 cars driving for 15 minutes each. In the same way, packages are all sent to... | [
"No, if you pay them more they will put your package on a plane instead of driving it across the country."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When products like Crystal Pepsi are re-released, why is the recipe and packaging different? | [
"Because if it wasn't working before you don't do the same thing again, change it up and hope it works"
] | [
"Coke Zero is a different taste because it's based on the Coca Cola (classic) formula, but with the zero-cal sweetener, while Diet Coke is based off of the New Coke formula that was developed in the 80's. So they couldn't really \"rebrand\" Diet Coke as Coke Zero, because they're different sodas. Now, why didn't th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
The physic of the shadows on this image | [
"It isn't an effect of the light source's location (it is the sun) but rather due to the lens in the camera being used. The field of view of the lens is such that lines aren't always parallel across the scene; we aren't Picasso here."
] | [
"A shadow of a microscopic thing in the fluid in your eye."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
When you delete stuff from your phone (pictures, videos etc.) where does all that data go? | [
"It doesn't go anywhere. Just like deleting stuff on your computer, the operating system simply changes the memory addresses the data is in as available to be overwritten. The data is still there at first, just not accessible without some unique tools. And future data writing is now allowed to write over it."
] | [
"The recycling bin is basically a folder in your computer that files end up in when you do a normal delete on them. Other than that there isn't much special about it. When you \"empty\" your recycling bin you're having the computer actually delete the files, which gives you more space on your harddrive."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
What happens to astronauts tears when they are in space? | [
"They tend to pool up and cloud their eyes due to surface tension. [Inside the confines of a space suit this can actually be quite dangerous, several spacewalks have been cancelled or cut short because of fluid in a space suit.](_URL_0_) Chris Hadfield also talks about one time he sneezed or something in his helmet... | [
"They need to exercise everyday to make sure their muscles don’t waste in the weightlessness of space. Take a look at Scott Kelly’s daily routine during his year in space."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why shouldn’t you cross your legs when checking your blood pressure? | [
"Anything that impedes blood flow will change blood pressure - think like kinking a hose. Even a tiny bit will cause greater pressure behind the kink and reduced flow after. So it’ll give an inaccurate reading. You want to be as open and relaxed as possibly to get the most accurate reading."
] | [
"If you do it a lot, it could affect your lung capacity. Probably best to give it up."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why do people always say "false rape accusations are extremely rare" when a false rape accusation happens? | [
"Because if we get into a mindset that rape victims are liars, then rape victims will be less likely to report when they are attacked. Among rape victims, many are unable to directly accuse an individual because they cover their identity. Of those that accuse their rapist, most of them are telling the truth. They a... | [
"Making \"false allegations\" are punishable now, through existing laws on stuff like perjury, abuse of process, malicious prosecution, etc. The issue is that false allegations, while a major deal when they truly do occur, are SOOOOO hard to prove that they're false. People are allowed to press forward on claims t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How do players playing high intensity sport don't have the urge to go to the toilet in the middle of the game? | [
"When you exercise, your body releases adrenaline into the blood. This is responsible for activating the \"fight or flight\" mechanism. When this happens, your body prioritizes what areas of your body need blood and oxygen more. Your body isn't very good at determining if you're playing sports or running from a bea... | [
"There are a lot of great answers here. Constant running for ninety minutes with few breaks, and leg muscles are more fragile to begin with. However, I think there's one more factor to take into considerations: Soccer players play for more games during the season too. When you've played forty games and you're sprin... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why is Australian internet so bad compared to the rest of the 1st world? | [
"Is it? It's a bit higher than the world average, and not so low as to really notice on the overall rankings. Of course it underperforms compared to the top 10. & #x200B; Ultimately the poor performance of Australian internet is down to two things; your politicians don't want to fund it (an attempt was made, but w... | [
"Yo ho ho! Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5:why is mexico a third world country while the U.S and Canada are first world ](_URL_6_) 1. [ELI5: Why is Mexico so poor compared to the US and Canada? ](_URL_4_) 1. [ELI5: Why is Mexico so underdeveloped in comparison to the US and Cana... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why are vets able to be so much more precise about price than human doctors? | [
"Because people doctors have to deal with insurance companies and never know how things are going to be priced. In other words, MDs have little to do with billing."
] | [
"In a word: greed. The U.S. Health care system is a for-profit business. One tactic for maximizing profits is to obscure the true costs so as to stifle competition. Another tactic is to use fear to make a sale. What's more important than your health? To be fair, though, it's becoming more and more common, especiall... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why it is effective to drink hot tea on a warm day to cool down. | [
"_URL_0_ It triggers your body to start sweating a lot, so if the humidity is sufficiently low, that sweat evaporates, taking body-heat with it, resulting in a net cooling effect. Note that this would not work in high-humidity areas, and it's a bad idea if the individual is already suffering from dehydration or hea... | [
"The blood vessels swell to allow heat to escape because you're too warm during and after your hot bath."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
in circuits analysis, there is 3 domains, time , frequency and complex frequency, what is the complex frequency?(S domain)? | [
"The extra information is the phase of the signal. A example would be if you take a simple sine wave and split it and let it trough a inverter that would be the same as a phase shift of 180 degrees. If you then add the signals together the result would be 0. But just looking ant the signal in frequency domain befo... | [
"Any wave transformation tries to express the input wave/signal/function as a combination of the transforms's basal functions waves. It is similar to number systems - decimal uses powers of ten as basic units, roman uses I, V, X, L, C, D, M, binary uses powers of 2. Transformation is a way of translating a funcion ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why do different elements burn different colours in flame tests? | [
"It’s to do with the number of electrons in the outer shell of the atoms, how much energy they absorb and give back when they burn, and the wavelength and frequency of the energy emitted in doing so."
] | [
"Gasses dissolve more in colder water than hotter water. Solids on the other hand dissolve more in hot water than cold water."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Chemistry:"
} |
Why aren't Great Danes and Chihuahuas considered separate species? When does speciation occur? | [
"If it fucks, makes a baby, and that baby can fuck and make a baby? Same species. Fuck, make a baby, but that baby cab only fuck and not make more babies? Related genus but not the same. Can fuck bug not make babies? Completely different species. Can't even fuck one another? Not trying hard enough. Can't fuck but... | [
"Human races aren't as different from each other as breeds of dogs are."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does cloud computing work? | [
"\"There is no such thing as the Cloud, it's just someone elses server.\" Basically instead of having servers and equipment onsite for your business you can rent servers from a 3rd party. The term cloud refers to a concept in networking akin to 'black box', in that you know it works but you have no idea what's goin... | [
"Advertising, selling info, and premium versions of the free stuff."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about Technology:"
} |
what's that line on a Woman's belly coming up to her bellybutton and why do sometimes women that never been pregnant gets it? | [
"The line is called “linea nigra” (Latin: “black line”). _URL_0_ It is caused by hormones during pregnancies and can happen rarely outside of pregnancy, e.g. during puberty, probably also due to hormonal stimulation of the cells in the skin that make it darker in this small region."
] | [
"Ever see an outie belly button??? Dr's have become very good at cutting the cord right so we don't have outie belly buttons anymore. Dogs, cats and all other animals chew the cord to cut it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why is the land west of the Nile greener than the east? | [
"Its probably downhill. Does your map show relief? You should be able to see contour lines indicating uphill or downhill"
] | [
"They're really not that close. South Africa is as close to the south pole as southern USA is to the north pole."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
how are toothpaste company’s able to measure shades of whiteness on your teeth? Like in ads when they claim to “whiten teeth by 4 shades”. How do they do this? | [
"A shade is taken to be the smallest change that is visible. That is, if it whitened your teeth by four shades, then you could put three intermediate photos between the \"before\" and \"after\" pictures, and be able to see a visible difference between each of them. Whether the toothpaste can do that is a separate q... | [
"I asked my dentist the same question the other day, basically your teeth will have a natural yellowish tint to them, teeth aren't supposed to be white. people with white teeth use toothpaste with agents that essentially bleach the enamel on your teeth which really isn't good for them. Don't stress, its natural. Ma... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why does water take time to boil on the stove, but immediately stop once taken off the stove? | [
"There are two parts to boiling. Raising the temperature to boiling point, and actually converting the water from liquid to gas once it’s at that temperature. Both parts require energy (from heat) When you heat water up to that boiling point, it hasn’t actually boiled yet. You need to keep heating it, adding energy... | [
"Food gets hotter when it absorbs microwave radiation. If a nugget absorbs some microwave radiation, that means no other nugget can absorb it. That particular bit of microwave only heats that one nugget. So if you cram your oven full of nuggets, you need a lot more microwaves. That takes time. Same principle applie... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
When media outlets say x amount of people watched a certain game, how do they calculate that number? | [
"They don't calculate it. Generally these estimates are from Nielsen, a company that specializes, among other things, in gathering TV viewership data. Nielsen has select households, called \"Nielsen Households\" which they gather viewership data from (and they get data in lots of other methods), from this small sam... | [
"Because of Statistics! Depending on how you want to spin the numbers, or what cohort you're looking for, then you can manipulate the numbers to say anything you want. Are they the \"Number One Movie\" based on total tickets sold, or tickets solded based on an age demographic, or base on a timeframe, or based on am... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How does the moon control the tides with gravity? | [
"The moon's gravity squeezes the oceans causing it to bulge in the side facing the moon and the opposite side. The earth spins through the tides even though it looks like the tides are moving in or out themselves."
] | [
"The moon doesn't really cause waves, it causes tides. Wind causes waves, and the ocean has a lot more wind than lakes do."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do humans fidget so much? | [
"Moving around on your chair in certain ways changes weight distribution on your ass and makes it more comfortable. Over time we naturally slouch and sink so the weight distribution changes up again putting more stress on your butt and legs. That's why people who are more cognizant of their posture tend to move aro... | [
"EIL5: Why can't I stop sitting with my legs crossed, even though it hurts my knees, and why does it hurt my knees?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How does the cold virus - as opposed to the immune response - actually operate? | [
"A virus reproduces by injecting itself into a cell, forcing that cell to make a shitton of copies of the virus, and then bursting the cell to release the copies. You wouldn't last long at all without an immune system. My gut reaction is that *any* virus would be fatal in that case. There are still people who have ... | [
"Those medications treat the *symptoms* of the ailment. The symptoms are the body's response or reaction to an infection and it is possible to treat those without being able to attack the virus."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Medical:"
} |
How/why do speech impediments happen? | [
"Not all speech impediments can be traced to the same cause. Some may be the result of under-developed musculature in the face and tongue, in which case speech therapy will likely be particularly effective. Some may be the result of neurological damage in speech or language regions of the brain. Some may be psychos... | [
"Relevant/expansion to the question: Why do we make noises when we feel pleasure in general? And pain?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why hasn't Tesla's wireless transmission of electricity been implemented in modern technology? | [
"It's not very efficient. It's possible to transmit power wirelessly, but wires are cheaper and more efficient."
] | [
"Fisker Karma. Also I think Tesla is working on one. That being said, the amount of electricity to run an electric vehicle is not possible to charge in real time. However, yes, you can get a charge for a limited number of miles if parked out for exposure to the sun."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why, or how does being poor or having bad credit cause insurance companies to charge more for insurance? | [
"They run a risk analysis on how likely you are to cost the company money. Overtime there have been connections between poor/bad credit and increased payouts, so they charge people higher rates based on that"
] | [
"What's the point of being an insurance company if bad drivers can get into wrecks all the time and pay out far more than they will ever pay in premiums? What is the point of charging safe drivers more to cover the bad ones? In order to get dropped by an insurance company, you have to being in a statistically abno... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does it take longer for wounds to heal in Winter? | [
"Colder temperatures can slow blood flow. Your blood contains a chemical named: fibrinogen. When you have a wound, this chemical will be converted into another chemical named fibrin by a special enzyme called thrombin. The fibrin will form little wires on the wound (you can't see those, they're too small). Your blo... | [
"They're usually caused by a virus or infection. Takes some time for your body to fight it off."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
- Why so bubbles form inside a glass of water at room temp if you let it sit long enough? | [
"There are two important parts to your question. First, water that you drink from a tap isn't entirely \"water\" - it has bits of other things like salts dissolved in it, and that includes air and other gases. Normally, these gases are quite happy to stay stuck inside the water, and very rarely run into each other.... | [
"Think of straws. You know how you get the drops in a straw after u you've taken a drink? The ones that take up the entire space inside for a few millimeters? They stay there unless you blow them out, it's the same thing except the tube is open at one end only do you can't just blow in one end to push them out. Ne... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How are we able to sleep much longer when we are sick compared to when we are healthier? | [
"Your body is made of little animals. Those animals need food and water and rest. Those animals each do a job and can switch around and go where they are needed. Sicknesses and viruses are other animals our bodies don’t like. Some of our little body animals are used to go and kill the virus animals. When we sleep o... | [
"You only choose to take a nap during the day if you're already tired. But you always go to bed at night, even when you aren't tired."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How does a capacitor work? | [
"A capacitor is two conductors seperated by a thin insulator. The conductors are close enough to interact but not enough to transfer electricity. This allows charge to build up on one of the conductors. The charge can then be dissipated all at once by completing the circuit. The capacity depends on the size/ammount... | [
"Are you asking how a wheel works ?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are some state lines smooth, while others are jagged? | [
"Most of the wiggly ones are set to follow rivers, or in some cases to follow where the rivers used to be back when the lines were drawn. Back in the 1800s, it was a lot easier to say \"Kentucky is this side of the river, and Missouri is the other\" rather than try to pin down latitudes and longitudes. In places l... | [
"One big reason is map design. No road that goes north is straight. They are all designed to be curvy. This gives the impression that the map is larger because it takes longer to traverse."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do City lights flicker when seen from a distance? | [
"Two reasons that I can think of. One is particulates in the air, like dust, that changes how much light gets through. As dust moves around, it blocks some light, which you'll see as flickering. The other reason is light refraction due to humidity and temperature variations."
] | [
"The outside world appears to be moving a lot faster when you're in a car, since you're seeing what's right next to the road. The outside world appears to move much slower in an airplane, because you're so far away from it. There appears to be less relative motion in the plane then there is in the car."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Does increased load on a generator require more mechanical work. | [
"Current flowing through the coils of a generator makes an magnetic field. The more current, the stronger the magnetic field. The higher the load, the more current. This magnetic field is opposite to the one generated by the magnets of the generator. The gasoline motor is trying to move the magnets past the magneti... | [
"Same as a car, essentially - part of the power from the engine is used to drive a generator."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How poor, homeless people survive, especially in 3rd World Countries | [
"Im a homeless person have been for 3 years. Having a job helps. My big issue was finding one stable enough to justify making a commitment to things like rent. But ultimately being homeless isnt near as bad as people assume it is, particularly if youre actively trying to get out of it. Very little bulls means mo... | [
"Because our country is so wealthy even the poor are pretty well off compared to the middle class in most other countries."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why are hotel sheets and quilts always white, knowing it is the easiest to stain? | [
"You can bleach them. It makes it more sanitary for something that's going to be used by multiple guests. Also, visible stains make it easy to identify a sheet that needs to be replaced."
] | [
"The color white is associated with cleanliness because you can see if it's not clean. Since people are afraid that a toilet brush might be covered in nasty stuff, making it white lets you see that it has been properly rinsed. In addition, toilets are commonly cleaned with bleach, so if you make the brush another ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Joules are often explained in Newtowns. What do both of those mean? | [
"\"Force\" is just a push or a pull. Force is measured in newtons. One newton is roughly the force you need to lift a bar of soap. But just because you push on something doesn't mean it'll actually move. Applying a force to an object as it moves will \"do work\" on it, and change its \"energy\". Work and energy are... | [
"Because in a vacuum a moving object has no resistance acting on it. Clarify the second part of the question please."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Is vegan prepared foods made by for-profit companies like BeyondBeef and Impossible Burgers healthy or just tasty? | [
"\"healthy\" is a pretty ambiguous term. You'd have to look at the nutritional information and make your own decision. _URL_0_ They have the nutrition facts on their web site. Beef patties have 47mg of cholesterol as opposed to none in the Beyond Burger patty, and have some more carbohydrates in them than the Beyon... | [
"Check the ingredients, dude. Veggie meat is commonly made with soy or whey. Honestly, the ingredients and treatment of real meat are far more \"wtf.\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What does "cultural safe space" and "cultural capability" even mean? | [
"As I understand it — It’s not just about “not being a d***” — it’s about recognizing that people come from different cultures, different backgrounds and that colors their perspectives. It’s about learning about those cultures in order to understand the context and where someone else may be coming from."
] | [
"We don't know. We don't even really have a handle on what \"legitimate\" emotions and pain even is."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What are electromagnetic waves made out of? | [
"Electromagnetic waves are vibrations in the electric and magnetic fields. \"OK, so what are the electric and magnetic fields?\" They're the way we describe electric and magnetic forces. \"Sure, but what *are* they?\" Hey look over there! I thought I saw a birdie! \\*runs away\\*"
] | [
"Light is a form of electromagnet radiation. It has a frequency that's in a particular range which we can see, but there are lots of other frequencies we can't see. The idea that electromagnetic radiation can pass through things is probably not at all strange to you. For example: - Light can pass through air, water... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:"
} |
Why are humans so weak (pound for pound) compared to many other animals? | [
"Because we evolved large brains and use tools to control our environments and protect ourselves. We never needed to be that hench to get by."
] | [
"They're genetically very strong, much more than humans. It's not about working out more, gorillas are pretty different genetically from us."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why can my laptop pick up my WiFi very well, but my phone, on the same desk, hardly connect at all? | [
"I would only assume better hardware in the laptop given its increased form factor. Same reason you won't get a core i9 and 32gb ram in a smartphone. Edit - forgot to add phones are more power conscious so reduce performance of areas to prolong life."
] | [
"WiFi is a short range radio broadcast that communicates with your device both ways. Slowdown can be caused by your router. If you live in an urban area, a very common issue is that most routers use the 2.4ghz spectrum to broadcast, and you might be competing with hundreds of other networks. Try getting a dual ban... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
why is music so much louder than voices in movies? | [
"Those films are made to be played in theatres where there are multiple speakers with surround sound. Speaking, sound effects and music can be from separate speakers, so one doesn't overpower the others. Even tv's hooked up to surround sound are in a small space, so the sounds will blend in more with each other tha... | [
"why do we yawn when we read about yawning?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How does the keto diet work? | [
"I didn't do much research on this but I did do the diet for 2 months and lost about 5 kilos which was nice. Essentially the human body uses glucose as a fuel source. Glucose is derived from carbs. When your body uses glucose as fuel it stores extra fat to be used later. Going keto means you stop using glucose as a... | [
"Fat satiates. Check out /r/keto where this is employed as a weight loss technique."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Health and Wellness:"
} |
Why do some countries have differently shaped electrical outlets/adapters? | [
"Most countries developed their own standards when electricity started being used. Some were better than others, and some decided to take the better ideas and combine them. There would be a bit of protectionism involved as well. You don't want someone buying an American product when they could buy manufactured righ... | [
"It has to do with building codes. Let me explain Dryers and homes can have two different main types of plugs for dryers. A 4-prong and a 3-prong. Old dryers and homes have 3 prong plugs/outlets, new ones have 4-prong plugs/outlets. Obviously, if you mix and match old/new home or dryer it won't work. Now the codes ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Electrical plugs and their design:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Electrical plugs and their design:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
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