query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
How do certain hairs on our bodies (for example, on legs) know what length to stop growing at? | [
"The cells in hair roots are not always active. When they are active, hair grows, and then the cells rest some time, which makes the hair \"die\" and drop. Then after some time they start growing a new hair. The length of the active time varies between different kinds of hair roots and the longer it is, the longer ... | [
"What you do to your hair does not affect the shape with which it comes out of your skin. The shape of your pubic hair is not determined by the amount of sweat or oils on your skin. The shape of hair is determined by the kind of hair it is (vellus versus terminal) and your genetic predisposition to what kind of hai... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How do computers consistently get better over time? Why can we now fit more disk space in a flash drive than we could last year? Or why couldn’t they make the IPhone X 3 years ago? | [
"Processes get more efficient and we can make components smaller and smaller. The first hard drives were 5MB capacity and required a forklift to move. Now, we can fit 1 TB in a package the size of a pack of gum. We are starting to approach the point that it's going to be difficult to squeeze more capabilities into ... | [
"There are three reasons: cost, size, and shock. Cost: More of something takes more money. MP3 players that cost lots of money aren't going to sell when you can buy smaller ones for much less. Size: Just like cost, even with flash memory more storage takes more space. Your Nano wouldn't be very nano to cram enough ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why do priests need offices? What kind of clerical or desk job type activities require them to make use of a desk, drawers, etc. | [
"Gotta write your sermon somewhere. The priest is also sometimes the one who looks after the financial health of the parish as well as handling the maintenance of the building and the grounds"
] | [
"If the offices have windows, the corner office has two walls that will have windows. It's much more open. It's also likely that, due to the layout of the rooms, the corner office is larger than the others. In all, the corner office is more desireable. It's a symbol that they've moved up in the company high enough ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Is it actually bad to *have* pimples? | [
"It’s a normal reaction - basically your body trying to make things normal when it detects something that shouldn’t be there or needs to be repaired/fix. It isn’t bad to have them and is proof of homeostasis."
] | [
"Actually, ELI5, how the fuck are you relieving ear itches with your tongue?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Other than allowing people to believe whatever they want, what legal protection does Freedom of Religion actually offer? | [
"It prevents Congress from making any law that would restrict the free excercise of their religious beliefs. Same thing like you don't need a law to say you're allowed to assemble or say what you want ... but it prevents anyone from passing a law preventing you from doing those things"
] | [
"The 1st Amendment only protects you from persecution from the government for your speech. It does not apply to private matters."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How does a computer chip store data? | [
"The chip itself only stores a very limited amount of data in what’s called a “cache” (there are typically multiple “layers” of this cache: L1, L2, and L3). These caches are used for data that needs to be accessed really quickly and frequently. Data can and will be removed from this cache if it’s not being used and... | [
"Your question doesn't quite make sense. Are you referring to something specific? What makes you think that a computer is built for a specific programming language?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Computer Science:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Computer Science:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Centrifuges: what do they do and how do they work? | [
"It's a machine that spins incredibly fast. It works based on the concept of centrifugal force which is like the effect you get on those spinning rides at faires that pin you against the outside wall. So they're used for all manners of purposes such as pumping a liquid using centrifugal pumps which clings the fluid... | [
"Just as there are engineering companies that specialise in building cars, ships, or computers, there are engineering companies that specialise in producing factory machinery. Their company names may not be instantly-recognisable compared to Ford or Apple, but that's because they don't advertise to consumers as we'... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do different pain killers target different areas despite having the same basic ingredients? | [
"Here in Australia, Nurofen was fined millions of dollars for misleading consumers into thinking that differently branded (and priced) versions of ibuprofen were able to target specific pain areas. _URL_0_"
] | [
"It is basically a blocker of certain chemicals in the body which directly mediate pain, inflammation, and fever. By blocking these chemicals you therefore block the pain and inflammation. The minute details honestly aren't super interesting unless you like learning about cellular communication."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why fried chicken is so common but fried beef is nowhere to be found? | [
"It's not nowhere. You have chicken fried steak, after all. Beef is also used in Stir Fry recipes. It's less common because people like the grilled (steak/hamburgers), cured (jerky), and baked (meatloaf) forms of beef better."
] | [
"Many are eaten around the world, from insects to dogs and cats to snakes and other reptiles. It's not common in Europe or N America, but that's not the world."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How are there multiple electricity companies if the power comes from one line? | [
"There are two kinds of companies: power generators and power distributors. Power distributors are the people with the wires that run to your house. This is a super-highly regulated monopoly, and so these companies make very small profits for very long periods of time. However, there is much more money to be made g... | [
"From a technical perspective your question assumes incorrectly that AC is better. DC is actually better for traveling over long distances. The reason DC isn't used extensively is because it is not easy to change the voltage of DC. It is also tough to switch from DC to AC. One example of a HVDC (high volt DC) line ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Physics:"
} |
What does it mean if 'secure boot keys are self-signed'? | [
"In public key infrastructure (PKI), people will publish public keys that others are supposed to use if they wish to communicate securely with the individual. The problem is, how can you tell that a public key is valid? One way is that a central Certificate Authority (CA) will \"sign\" the certificate and attest to... | [
"Forcing it to redo startup procedure. This includes remaking cache files, re-running code that could've been messed up somewhere during last boot, or applying new settings because file systems can't be edited while they're in use."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how does superglue not stick to the inside of the bottle? | [
"The glue doesn't become \"sticky\" until it is exposed to water and there shouldn't be any (or at least minimal) amount of water inside the bottle. Ironically, what most people think of as glue \"drying out\" when you leave the bottle open, it's actually reacting to the natural humidity in the air to form the chem... | [
"If you lick your fingers or get them wet before touching the gum, it doesn't stick as much. It doesn't stick to the inside of your mouth because of the layer of saliva preventing it from coming in to direct contact with the surfaces."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do frogs cover the roads after a rain? | [
"Frogs are amphibians, which means their skin isn't a watertight fortress like yours and they're prone to drying out if they get caught out in the sun for long periods of time. So like worms, they're taking advantage of the wet conditions to cover some distance and get past areas they normally wouldn't be able to c... | [
"They don't want to drown in the water that fills the soil where they are. So...they move topside. It's not a foolproof strategy, needless to say."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When updating a mobile app, say, from Google Play, how can it apply the same update to two people who both may have different versions prior to updating? | [
"The update completely replaces the entire app, it doesn't update individual files. It's the same as completely removing the app and installing the new version."
] | [
"Normally to determine if you get a phone call through while using the app so they can handle it appropriately in their app. I'm assuming it's the same with media (i.e. you have music playing when you open the app). This is what I saw written in the BBC iPlayer app description however it has since been removed sugg... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do domesticated animals enjoy and/or crave having their faces pet? | [
"The maternal instinct of most animals is to nuzzle or lick their young to clean them and show comfort. The young creature learns to associate the sensation of being stroked or licked with feeling safe and warm and well fed. As adults these creatures still have this association so when we pet an animal on the head ... | [
"Dogs can love eachother in that they form relationships that are based upon positive chemical reactions tied to being around/mating with their preferred partner, in a way not unlike how humans fall in love with one another. Dogs that have this sort of relationship with their mates also display a negative reaction ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Animal behavior:",
"pos": "Represent the post about Animal behavior:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why is is necessary to put phones into flight mode during a flight? What makes it critical during take off and landing? | [
"It's a complex issue. The FAA does **not** prohibit cellphone use on aircraft. They do however encourage companies to use their discretion and enforce policies that dictate usage of known safe devices. However, with thousands of different devices it's quite difficult to test all of them against the systems used by... | [
"Technically, you don't. Mythbusters tested this a while back, and phones didn't interfere with planes at all. That being said, since so many new phones are developed all the time, there's a ban on using them during the flight, just in case they might affect the plane."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
condensation polymerisation (specific question below)...? | [
"The most common forms of [condensation polymerization](_URL_0_) are polyesters and polyamides. This happens two ways. The first is as an alternating copolymer (ABABAB...) where one monomer has two acids and the other monomer has two alcohols (or in the case of a polyamide, two amines). The second way is a single m... | [
"Weak chemical bonding, air pressure, and other explanations, found here: _URL_0_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it that when a person has an epileptic seizure/fit that they feel so tired and out of it for such a long time. | [
"Immediately following a seizure is what's known as the postictal state. In this state, the person is pretty much completely out of it. Yeah, they're \"awake,\" but not really. They just kinda sit there and look exhausted. That's because they are! You could say seizing is expensive for the body. In the brain, the u... | [
"From what I've witnessed, it just knocks you out. Makes you lethargic, sleep for hours, a bit disoriented when you wake up, sluggish, etc. One of my friends who is psychologically healthy took an antipsychotic because he thought it might help him sleep. It did, but not in a healthy, restful way."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why is the tip of your nail white, when the rest of the nail is somewhat clear? | [
"Your whole nail is the same level clear. The part that looks clear is because it’s attached to the skin so the light doesn’t refract as much. The white part of your nail looks that way because the light has more space to refract. Like an etched glass window. If someone stands really close you can make out some fea... | [
"The top of your nail is dead, so it doesn't hurt to cut it. If you cut too short (to the quick) you cut the part of the nail that is alive (and grows the nail), this will result in pain and possibly bleeding."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What’s the difference between .com, .net, .org? | [
"In the distant past the domains (.com, .net, .org, .gov, etc.) were meant to be given out to different types of organizations. It was supposed to be a way to organize the net a bit. .com for commercial purposes (and companies) but was open to anyone. .net for networks and internet stuff .org for kinda \"other\" b... | [
"A URL is similar to an entry in a phone book. When you try to go to a website, your computer asks a Domain Name Server to look up the IP address that corresponds to that URL. When you buy a domain, you're paying the company that controls the top level domain (Verisign, in the case of anything ending in .com) to ad... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
What happens to water after I drink it, but before I pee it out? | [
"The water is absorbed by your intestines into your blood, where it forms the majority of the mass of your blood. It circulates through your body. For any cells, it also serves as the fluid that, among many other things: * Provides cells their filler * Allows cell membranes to form * Provides a medium for chemical ... | [
"What's the point in eating if I just poop most of it?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
What is ossification and how concerned should one be? | [
"Ossification is when something that isn't bone starts to turn into bone. Judging from the tone of the writing, it's something that can happen at the point where the Achilles tendon inserts (attaches) to the heel bone(calcaneous) but in your case it's minimal. That is, unlikely to be causing any symptoms / harm. Th... | [
"Your teacher is an idiot. Talk to a doctor about the best way to beat a type of cancer. That being said, a diet high in vegetables and low in red meat would lower your chances of getting cancer in the first place."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why do the lights in aircrafts have to be turned off during take off and landing? | [
"Because take off and landing are the most dangerous parts of a flight and most likely for a crash to happen. The lights have to be off and blinds up so your eyes are adjusted to the outside brightness/darkness aiding the speed and safety of a possible evacuation"
] | [
"If something is going to go wrong with the flight it will probably happen during take off or landing and as such you need to be paying attention in case emergency directions are given."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do people "saw off" shotguns? | [
"Mostly for concealment, less weight and length for more \"urban\" uses. A shotgun is pretty long, but when using shot in close quarters, the length doesn't really add anything. So by cutting off part of the stock, you can now carry it in closer quarters, turn corners easier and still get your point shooting abilit... | [
"Meanwhile on BirdReddit... Why do big hunks of rolling metal squash thousands of us every day for no reason?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Animals:"
} |
Why are wide open eyes and a gaping mouth the physiological responses of extreme shock? | [
"Fight or flight It’s the body getting ready for extreme action.... more breathing in and better visuals"
] | [
"A smile was first believed to be used to show fear (also known as a fear grin) from around 30 million years ago by our ancestors. This use of the smile is not too different from its use by apes who also can use their smile to show fear. The smile evolved over millions of years and differently through several anima... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What makes burner/trap phones untraceable by the police? | [
"The phone is easy to trace, the person using the phone is not. There is nothing magical about the phones specifically, it's how they are used. Burner phones are bought by companies in huge batches, and don't require any plan or contract to use. So there's not a great way to know who is using that particular phone... | [
"It's a fake cell phone tower. Aka IMSI catcher. Your phone thinks its operated by the mobile carrier but really it's operated (mostly illegally) by the police Or criminal organizations. They intercept your text messages and calls and potentially more and there's little you can do about it. They can be detected by ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do surgeons prevent you from bleeding out during surgery? | [
"Depends really. Aside from major vessels, not much blood is lost during a surgery. Tourniquets for limbs and careful positioning of incisions for more general stuff. Hollow organs, the major vessels, and scalp stuff all can involve a lot of bleeding if not done right. There's packing agents, clamps, and creating p... | [
"It prevents your blood from clotting properly! Hence, if you want to walk out of the surgery without blood gushing from your wounds you shouldn't take an aspirin right before it :) EDIT: words"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What are the effects of antidepressants and anxiety medication on a healthy person? | [
"GABA drugs like benzodiazepines will have many effects common with alcohol, as alcohol also targets that system among others. SSRIs are a bit more complex as their exact role in depression is not well understood and their effects in general are much less predictable. It could provide a level of mood stabilization,... | [
"It impairs cognitive ability, but only short-term. Any negative effects on cognition appear to dissipate within 25 days. There does not appear to be long-term effects on cognition/memory. For your body, smoking it increases the risk of developing lung cancer. It appears to cause lung cancer about equivalent to smo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about health:"
} |
What happens to our body when our stomach gets that weird burning feeling? | [
"That may be your stomach overflowing from too much food or the acid in the stomach coming back up to your esophagus. The esophagus isn't made from the same material as your stomach as the stomach can take that acid but the esophagus can't take it. Recommendation is to eat small meals throughout the day and sit up ... | [
"Someone commented but they may be shadowbanned, just letting them know. So what a hungry person is feeling is the stomach acid acting on nothing, as your stomach is basically digesting acids. The nausea is caused by your body trying to get rid of the excess acid in the stomach."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health and Wellness:"
} |
Preferential Voting, specifically the Irish voting system. | [
"CPC Grey does a great job explaining this in an easy to understand way: _URL_0_"
] | [
"Democracy - Every citizen votes on every issue Republic - The citizens elect a smaller number of representatives who vote for them and their interests. Edit: Proofreading"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
what was the rampart scandal? | [
"In the late 90s the Rampart division of the LAPD put together an elite task force to focus on the street gangs. The goal was to reduce the crimes, violence and drugs in the slums. It was later discovered that this task force had been badly mismanaged. The police officers were encouraged to take down the gangsters ... | [
"> sabre rattling to distract from domestic issues This."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why does our body temperature increase when we are sick? | [
"The bacteria or viruses that are making us ill thrive best at normal body temperature. As part of a defense mechanism, our body will therefore increase its temperature when ill in attempts to make it less hospitable to them, giving our immune system a better chance at containing and eradicating the contagion."
] | [
"Your blood pressure increases in your head when you're horizontal."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why do some gasses have an odour while others are odourless? | [
"Nature has sculpted all living things through evolution for billions of years. Species tend to evolve ways to avoid deadly gasses. Sulfur for instance is highly toxic. We would want to be instinctually repulsed by that odor, otherwise our natural curiosity may end up killing us. I imagine the reason there are noxi... | [
"Some smells (Garlic, fish, onions) are because of sulphur (sulfur) based chemicals/compounds. These sulphur compounds bind with some of the molecules of the steel (chromium oxide, produced when the chromium plating on the steel reacts with water), producing new substances which do not smell as strongly. This only ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are culverts and drainage pipes “ribbed”? Wouldn’t a smooth pipe be better for letting stuff flow through? | [
"As the other answer, it is bendable in the lengthwise direction. But also, and possibly more importantly, it is far less able to collapse. The ribbing gives it strength in the circumferential direction. It's similar to corrugated iron sheets which bend in one direction, but not across the corrugations."
] | [
"The wider the pipe, the more material can flow through it per second. Also, water under pressure (your fresh water supply) flows faster than water not under pressure (sewage, drains) so it doesn't need quite as big a pipe."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How come mammals’ fur doesn’t come in a wider array of colors like green, blue, pink or purple? | [
"The only reason reptiles like snakes are brightly colored is to alert predators that they are poisonous. Birds are brightly colored to attract mates. Fish are brightly colored to attract mates and alert predators they are poisonous. Amphibians like frogs are brightly colored to alert predators they are poisonous. ... | [
"The only colorant in natural hair color are two different kinds of melanins: eumelanin and pheomelanin. Eumelanin is brown while pheomelanin is red. It may seems like there are a lot of different hair colors, but it's really just different combinations of eumelanin and pheomelanin in different concentrations. Ther... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why is alimony necessary? | [
"The first thing to keep in mind is that alimony isn't some automatic thing that a divorced spouse gets but is something individually set by a judge based on the specific circumstances. So let's imagine a scenario. Spouse A and B both have college degrees. They mutually agree that Spouse B will quit work in order t... | [
"Why does it cost money to get divorced? Because it's worth it!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
what exactly is a cramp and what causes it? | [
"Husband of a Physical Therapist here. Basic explanation: when sufficiently stressed, muscle fibers get tangled and the muscle contracts in a way it's not supposed to, without your input."
] | [
"A muscle knot is like having hiccups in your arms and legs, surprisingly, is a muscle contraction generated by virtually anything, from over-exercising to bad posture. This is the best explanation i can give right now if you have any other question just reply."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
If the Earth goes around the sun,in an elliptical pattern, why does the north and south hemispheres have opposite seasons? | [
"The seasons aren't caused by the elliptical orbit of the Earth, they are caused by the axial tilt. The Earth isn't perfectly parallel to the Sun, the Earth rotates on it's North/South poles tilted at 23.4 degrees relative to its orbit around the Sun. Depending on the time of year your hemisphere is either tilted t... | [
"Europe is at the top because Europeans didn't want to be on the bottom, that's all there is to it. Since the Earth's rotational axis is tilted relative to the sun the North and South poles don't line up with anything from a cosmic perspective anyway."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What happened in these places in the 1980s-1990s? | [
"That rule is in place to minimize the risk of spreading Mad Cow Disease. Mad cow disease, or bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), is a disease that was first found in cattle. It's related to a disease in humans called variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD). Both disorders are universally fatal brain diseases ... | [
"This is America. Most of our textbooks were written in 1989."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do light bulbs go out? | [
"If you mean \"burn out\": the tungsten filament inside a bulb is relatively fragile. When you turn the bulb on and off the filament heats up then cools down. Each heat/cooling cycle will put stresses on the material and over time it will develop weak spots until the material just \"breaks\" in a spot. Bulbs that t... | [
"Is this how the light in the fridge works?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Physics:"
} |
why does 95 degrees F feel so hot when our internal temperature is 98.6? | [
"We're like a car engine. We keep producing heat no matter what temperature it is outside because it's a byproduct of creating energy. We have to shed that heat so that we don't overheat. And it's easier to drop heat at colder air temperatures. If it's 95F out, it takes longer to cool down, so we get uncomfortable.... | [
"I don't think they are colder than the room, it just feels that way. Unless you keep the room at 96.5degrees F, most room temperatures are much colder than normal body temps"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why does burping leave a distinct taste of the first thing you ate that day? | [
"I'm pretty sure it's removing air from your stomach. In which case it would smell, and taste, like the food that was in there"
] | [
"Pour a bunch of sugar on a piece of paper. Put the sugar and paper in your mouth and chew it. Once you don't taste any more sugar, spit the paper out. Do you think you just consumed some calories even though you didn't eat any paper? The answer is yes. Same concept applies to gum."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does bologna damage paint? | [
"Because it contains fat. It will leave a grease mark on anything it touches. When the bologna goes splat, the fat ruins the matte."
] | [
"Follow up question, why do some moles grow hair?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Does leaving a phone screen idle save more battery then flipping it on/off? | [
"The screen is typically the most battery intensive thing your phone does. The more time it's on, the more battery drains. Every second it's turned off saves battery."
] | [
"Try turning your iPad off. See how many charges you can get while the iPad isn't using any power."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
the process of pawning and how it benefits both people | [
"I give you an item worth $100. You give me $50 today and if I give you $60 within 2 months, I get it back. If not, you get to sell it for $100."
] | [
"Shareholders, paying off debts the company still owed, and depending on the size of the deal and morality of the company purchased, severance packages for employees who lose their job."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Sports drinks with sodium make you hydrated, but we all know you can't drink salty sea water because you'll get dehydrated. Why? | [
"A take on this question was asked a couple of weeks back. Essentially, our body needs sodium. We normally get enough in the food we eat, but athletes can sweat out large amounts (from our body’s perspective) of sodium while performing. The amount of salt in a sports drink aims to match this level. It is formulated... | [
"Alcohol dehydrates you because it is a diuretic - it makes you pee. The rest don't dehydrate you, you're just better off drinking water because it doesn't contain all that sugar."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
- Computer Memory Leaks. Why do they happen, and what happens? | [
"The classic memory leak occurs because of a bad memory cleanup routine. An application stores data in RAM by definition, but when it's done with that RAM it has to release it allowing it to be used by something else. So let's make up an example. You have an application that has an undo option, this allows you to u... | [
"Maintenance. Programming. Upgrading. Designing. There will still be jobs. People will adapt."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How do armies collect their dead soldiers? | [
"Often, they didn’t in places like iwo jima. Those to-the-last-man island fights were brutal and there was rarely a chance to collect the dead. Many Japanese remain where they fell, or were collected up by the US forces and buried in mass graves. Most US soldiers were recovered hours to weeks after a battle, and us... | [
"Did the troops in Vietnam have reliable access to news?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why can’t my older body handle going on swings? | [
"Think about when you were little. We would all twirl in circles to get dizzy on purpose. It doesn't sound pleasant now. I dont know how strong evidence is for it, but one hypothesis is that it helps kids develop balance and stability so they find pleasure in those disorienting experiences. It goes away when you'... | [
"Because don't wear your socks for more than one day."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
For what reason(s) does a profitable company typically allow itself to be bought out? | [
"Your gonna give me how much money? < Slides over paper > Oh... thats a lot, thats way more than I'll make running this business myself, even over a long time. You got your self a deal buddy! The most common one, is that the owners of the business simply get offered a good deal to sell."
] | [
"Because for every person that gets paid out, there are a number who never need to get paid out. Therein lies the ability to break even and also make a profit."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Is it better for your eyes to have a phone brightness set low or high when it's night (pitch black), and why? | [
"Better to set it to low. Your eyes use blue light (light of the sky) to synchronize the body's internal clock. Blue light means daytime which means you should stay awake. Our digital devices nowadays produce a great deal of blue light. The more blue light exposure at night you get, the more your body's internal cl... | [
"Sunlight is very bright. Your phone is not able to emit bright enough light to be seen over it. It's the same reason why you can use your phone on minimum brightness in a dark room, but as soon as you go into a room with average light you can no longer see it very well."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why can’t we remember things that happened before we were 6-8 years old? | [
"I have flashes of memories from before I was four. We were living outside Marion, Indiana. My flashes include : > laying on the couch during a rally severe thunderstorm at night > the landscape of a house across the road from ours > being in a hospital bed after I had a bad reaction to a prescription My family mo... | [
"Because when you're a kid, a year is a larger portion of your lifespan than when you're, say, 50."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Do petitions actually work? If so whose answering to them? | [
"Very few tactics are universally effective. Sometimes, petitions are part of a democratic structure. For instance, a ballot initiative might need a certain number of signatures to get on the ballot and be voted on. Sometimes, petitions are a threat of other action. For example, a labor union might collect signatur... | [
"> Do these companies and their employees get special exemptions? If so, how? Yes, and by asking the governments that employ them."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What was the Investiture Controversy? | [
"Investiture just means appointment. In the case of the investiture controversy, it was a conflict about who got to appoint people to official position in the Catholic church such as bishops. At the time, ruling Kings and other lords would appoint people to these positions within their realms. In the 11th and 12th ... | [
"| Democrat | Republican ---------|----------|---------- Philosophy | Liberal, left-leaning. | Conservative, right-leaning. Economic Ideas| Minimum wages and progressive taxation, i.e., higher tax rates for higher income brackets. Born out of anti-federalist ideals but evolved over time to favor more government reg... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How is gas produced in our intestines after digesting certain foods? | [
"Gas produced in your gut is largely due to bacteria. Your gut has a thriving ecosystem of little critters that help break down your food into simpler molecules your body can deal with. They do this by eating what you ate, and then pooping out a fair amount of various gases as a byproduct."
] | [
"They're absorbed into the bloodstream in your intestines, just like the nutrients in your food."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
What exactly happens when you deposit more than $10,000 at a bank? | [
"If you're in the US the bank notifies the IRS. The IRS takes note, and may decide to investigate where you got the money from. If your tax records don't look like someone who should be making $10,000 deposits on the regular you may get audited."
] | [
"The FDIC. If your attempts at investment go sour, you would lose all of your money. If a bank messes up, your money is insured by the Federal Government up to $250,000, so you lose nothing. There is zero risk with putting your money in a bank, but investing is always risky."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are most street lights and car lights orangish yellow and not white? | [
"Many street lights were/are sodium vapor lights. It’s a highly efficient light that just produces a warmer light as the byproduct. _URL_0_"
] | [
"East Berlin uses sodium vapor lamps for street lighting that look yellowish, West Berlin uses mercury vapor lamps, and those produce blue-ish white light. Both are commonly used for street lighting. Sodium is more efficient, mercury produces a better light spectrum."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why is it that people hate waking up even after getting 7-9 hours of sleep? | [
"It depends on what phase you wake up in during your sleep cycle. If you finish your 90 minute sleep cycle and wake up around then, even if it’s only been 3 hours, you won’t feel as tired as of you wake up in the middle of your REM cycle, even if you have already slept 7+ hours. Also some people need more sleep th... | [
"Would you want all the food and sugar to sit and decay your teeth for those 12+ hours? Also, who sleeps 12+ hours a night?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How does the Belgian government work ? | [
"It doesn't *Queue laughtrack* Okay, first of all, you need to know we have A LOT of governments. Only the federal government was out for over 500 days, and while we had no new government, we still had the old government tending to urgent and running business. So no new laws were brought up during those days, but ... | [
"What does the Pope handle on a day to day basis?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
why is flossing so good for your teeth and is there a right way to do it? | [
"Floss is better at accessing the tiny space between your teeth than tooth brushes. Its purpose is to remove plaque or anything else stuck between your teeth that the tooth brush could not remove. If you are brushing your teeth correctly, floss isn't needed, more like a \"just in case\". Also, floss should be used... | [
"> However, it seems like whenever I go to the dentist there's problem x with my gums. What is the proper technique for caring for your teeth so that I can ace every dentist visit? Next time you go for a cleaning, the last thing they usually do is floss you. At this time ask the technician which areas of your teeth... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What Radiation does and why is it so dangerous? | [
"The radioactive material tends to hang around in the environment. In the air, in the soil, the water, which then gets ingested by plants and animals. These rarioactibe material emit ionising radiation when they decay. Specifically, the danger of radiation is that it ionises atoms (i.e. removes electrons from atom... | [
"You might want to ask your doctor about this, it's not normal."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What's the difference between a router and a wireless access point? | [
"A wireless access point is a hub of a Wi-Fi network. It allows Wi-Fi capable machines to connect to that network. A router connects multiple networks together and routes messages between networks. For instance, it allows users on the Wi-Fi network to send messages to an ISP and out onto the wider Internet. Consum... | [
"Portable WiFi hotspots use a cellular radio to access the Internet and a WiFi radio to form a local WiFi network. Is this the device you were asking about?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do areas in front of me appear to shake while actually being straight under extreme heat? | [
"It's due to refraction of the light. Hot air and cold air moving around causes vibrations which in turn causes light to refract and the image you see to appear wavy."
] | [
"Relative motion. When you are looking out front your reference is further away making it seem like it’s not changing much. Likewise, when looking out the side the reference is typically closer making it seem faster. Look out the side and compare your relative motion compared to something far away (e.g. mountains)... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about Physics:"
} |
How are games 'ported' to different platforms like PC, Xbox or PS? | [
"Most of a game's code and assets are the same between platforms. The main things that have to be different are the bits that interact with the hardware or OS. Take graphics for example. On PC and Xbox you use the DirectX API to give instructions to the GPU. But PlayStation has its own API for that. So if you need ... | [
"Think of an Xbox vs a PlayStation to be like a PC vs a Mac. You can't run Mac software on a PC and you can't run PC software on a Mac. The same problem occurs on an Xbox vs PlayStation. They just don't speak the same \"language\"."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about videogame development:"
} |
My apartment key opens my own door, but also the communal laundry room, communal basement and communal elevator keyhole. How does that work? | [
"Keys can be designed so that as locks become more complex, the more unique the area they're locking is. For example, imagine your key has 4 portions that equal a code of 1-3-5-7. Your room requires the code 1-3-5-7, so only your key will open your door. But perhaps the laundry only requires a key of 1-3-x-x. The l... | [
"Because they unlock using different methods. One door is locked in place with latches at the top and bottom of the frame while the other has a key lock which slots into the other door. Opening the regular door is easy and necessary to enter at all but the other might require a screwdriver, tool, or just flipping r... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How does smoking or drinking coffee affect your digestive system? | [
"I highly recommend against smoking coffee. It's possibly much worse for you than drinking it."
] | [
"Stomach acids will damage your esophagus and teeth, as well as disrupting the normal digestive cycle and potentially leading to digestive problems."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Health and Wellness:"
} |
How come there are only two political parties in the U.S.A? Is it possible to create more or is there a rule against it? | [
"There’s no rules against additional parties. In fact, there a number of other political parties besides the Big Two. However, it is difficult for these “third parties” to gain traction in elections because of two features of the electoral process. First, for House of Representive races (the House is the lower hou... | [
"There is no way. Political parties are not part of the government. They are a group of like-minded people who decided the best way to get what they want is to unite behind a single nominee. Political parties are a natural result of our freedom to assemble. Dissolving them would be a violation of the First Amendmen... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How do doctors remove all the air after a surgery? | [
"The gas kinda migrates around til it finds its way out. Mine went into my bladder. So that was an interesting pee. EDIT: Am guy. So yeah, dickfart. EDIT 2: So after some helpful comments I should update this. The story: After being home for two or so days after a laparoscopic appendectomy, I felt the urge to pee.... | [
"Go to the doctor right away. The appendix will grow and grow until it bursts, and you develop a severe immune response. There is not enough blood penetration to the appendix, and it is filled with so much crap that you would need to manually clean it out. That's a lot harder than just taking it out, and never havi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What's the difference between a war and a 'cold war'? | [
"The cold war was a period where neither side liked each other, but both were too afraid of the consequences to fight an actual war against each other (since both had nuclear weaponry). The cold war involved spies, propaganda, arms races, foreign coups, supplying aid to terrorist groups attacking your enemy, suppor... | [
"How would you define \"winning\" a presidential debate?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How are we able to see in 3D? I mean could you explain to me in detail how we are able to put together two 2D images to get a 3D image? | [
"Well, we can't see the world in 4D because the world isn't in 4D. There are three spatial dimensions, the fourth dimension of the universe is time. I suppose you do see events in sequence, so that's 4D. & #x200B; But you're able to perceive a third dimension with two eyes because of parallax: you're able to perce... | [
"if I'm not mistaken, I've forgotten some of my anatomy, but from what i remember, it somewhat sums down to the cones and rods in your retina have to readjust to light... Your retina's job is to help create an image from the available light and converting it so that your brain can interpret it so you can \"see.\" h... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:"
} |
How does long-exposure photography work? | [
"When the cameras shutter is open for a long time, two things happen. More light hits the sensor and motion is blurred since the sensor records all tho movement it seen in that time."
] | [
"The iPhone (and most point-and-shoot cameras, for that matter) tries to automatically decide how long to collect light. On a bright day, enough light is arriving that the picture only needs a short exposure. On a darker day, the picture needs a longer exposure. Shooting the night sky is tricky: most of the sky is ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How are glass marbles mass produced? | [
"The first half of this video shows the machine which rolls hot chunks of glass while they cool to round them. [_URL_0_](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"Step 1: Contractor comes and collects them. Step 2: Material is either autoclaved and incinerated or simply incinerated. Step 3: Resulting material is formed into hot dog shapes and sold to tourists on 5th Ave."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
If garbage workers have a holiday off, how do they get all the garbage picked up? | [
"My township collects our trash twice a week. So if the garbagemen are off on Memorial Day, which would have been a trash pickup day ... people will just hang onto their trash another three days until the Thursday pickup."
] | [
"In my area, not only does recycling sorting not happen at all to general garbage after pickup, but there is also a quota of recycling. Once that quota is met for the day, the remaining recycling also goes into the landfill with the general garbage. It's not very motivating."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does air move across a room? | [
"Air pressure. My house has really weird pressure. I can close a door on one end of the house, and if the garage door isn't latched right, it'll open and then SLAM shut."
] | [
"Because the air in the car moves along with it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Entomology:"
} |
What is the difference between a "secure line" and a normal telephone line? | [
"A \"secure\" line has its audio scrambled so that a normal listener can't decipher what is being said. This used to take the form of analog modulation but now-a-days it could be as simple as encoding it into a digital form and then doing some light encryption on that digital data. & #x200B; EDIT: I said it *could... | [
"A modem converts the analog signal coming over the phone line to a digital signal usable by for example, a computer. The same concept applies to all modems for example, a cable modem. It's an analog signal converted to digital."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How/ why do rockets fly in one controlled direction rather than chaotically all over the place like a balloon when released? | [
"The nozzle on a balloon is floppy - it flops around all chaotically as air wheezes out of it. The exhaust bells on a rocket are on gimbals - on giant motorized mounts that can aim the thrust coming out. Then, the problem becomes how do you balance a broom on your hand (aka the so called inverted pendulum), but as ... | [
"A helium balloon wouldn't get away. It is still caught by gravity. It's just that the helium balloon is lighter than the air around you. So it will float up higher until it reaches a point where the \"weight\" of the balloon is equal to the volume that it occupies in the atmosphere. At this point, the Helium ballo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How did older films edit in the credits, specifically in actual footage? | [
"Many techniques have been used over the years, but one of the oldest is to paint the credits on a clear sheet of plastic, then just put that on top of the existing footage."
] | [
"Video editing was done with an editing machine/desk. Which is a large workstation for using scissors on the reels. where there is a physical film you can cut frames and replace them and glue the film back together. post SFX for film was just regular filmed with all the tricks you can imagine. Overlaying images, cu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do "change the picture with heat" mugs work? | [
"Some paints have a property named *thermochromism* (thermo = heat, chromism is a word used for processes involving colour changes) Specifically, dyes used for mugs and the sort tend to be leuco dyes, which can change between a form with colour and a form that is transparent. So you paint two images, with one avai... | [
"you see that search reddit box over there on the right? You search keywords from your question. Such as: \"search for answers about questions\" or \"how does the economy work\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why does our perception of time change, depending on what we're doing? | [
"The gist of it is, if you enjoy doing it, time is perceived to speed up. Likewise, if you dislike it or have fear towards it, time is perceived as slow. Also, as you age, your internal perception of time is slower so everything around you relatively seems to speed up [Here's a helpful video explaining the conc... | [
"I think it has more to do with psychology than physiology: adventure is more important to children than comfort. Our priorities shift as we get older."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why is it harder to breathe when you think about breathing? | [
"I'm just here to represent everyone annoyed that you're making it harder for us to breath rn."
] | [
"Because many people forget to breathe when they are doing this kind of exercise. That's really all there is to it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Psychology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Psychology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
What is terminal velocity and how does it work? | [
"When an object is falling, there are two forces acting on it: \\- Gravity, pulling it downward \\- Air resistance, pushing it upward & #x200B; The force of air resistance increases when the object falls faster, while gravity is (basically) always the same. When the object is dropped, air resistance increases (as ... | [
"Generally, the lower you are to the ground, the faster a certain speed feels. As to the WHY exactly, I'm afraid I have no easy answer."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Anti-Aircraft Guns WWII | [
"I would say that the AA fire is depicted fairly accurate. Flying above AA fire wasn't possible for heavy AA guns as they could reach 30,000 ft altitude relatively easy though with a roughly 30 second delay/flight time of the shells. As it wasn't really possible to get accurate hits at that altitude AA batteries wo... | [
"Buy a Chimney! Weber Stephen Company 7429 Rapid Fire Chimney Starter, Silver _URL_0_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
When a game gets remastered do they completely rebuild it in a new engine or do they use the old game files and simply update the graphics? | [
"Former game developer here, & #x200B; There is the dream that they will repurpose as much material as possible. But consider an older game on an older, different platform was likely written specifically for that platform. Portability would approach zero. The studio would likely start with an engine that already r... | [
"In ELI5 terms: The \"engine\" is the part of the game that draws all the pictures, handles game events and AI, and deals with communication, saving games to disk, etc. All of the dirty work. Some companies have realized that their games could be used to make other games by switching out the graphics and sounds wit... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How do birds last so long flapping their wings non-stop? | [
"Also, they generally don’t go non-stop. Flap, flap, glide for a while, etc. They also follow air currents. use uprises, and fly in formations to minimize air resistance."
] | [
"Put a toothbrush in your mouth and brush as fast as you can for 10 seconds, without pushing too hard. Now imagine doing it 200 times faster, for 3 minutes. Without getting bleeding gums. That."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why things that move fast in the dark have more "blur" behind them? | [
"In general things don't have 'blur'. That's your brain filling in missing information with what it thinks should be there so visual information doesn't seem inconsistent. & #x200B; Like how if you wiggle a pencil just right it looks like it's bending, it's just your brain going 'oh that's obviously some sort of r... | [
"My dad said it was because even though the big things are moving just as fast, they have further to go so it takes longer. True, that was talking about why x fighters were faster than star destroyers, but I think the same principal applies"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are 144hz monitors more popular than 120hz? | [
"It's a mix of display connection limitations and marketing. Before displayport and higher versions of HDMI, the display cable that could transfer the most data was Dual Link DVI. The initial 120 Hz refresh monitors were at 1080p resolution. 120 Hz made sense because it was double 60 Hz, the standard monitor refres... | [
"Basically, you want your FPS to match the refresh rate of your monitor. Most monitors are 60hz, therefore 60 fps is the ideal for them to be in sync. However, if you get a 144hz monitor and runs a game at 60 fps it won't seem as smooth because they are not in sync. Monitors with a higher refresh rate are becoming ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about videogame development:"
} |
Why is it a son named after his father is a “Jr.” but a daughter named after her mother not? | [
"From a genealogist's perspective, \"Jr\" wasn't historically a part of a name. In small towns it wasn't unusual for two men to end up with the same name. Sometimes they were related father/son, grandfather/grandson, uncle/nephew or sometimes, it was coincidental and there was no relation at all. To distinguish the... | [
"Given the kids' family histories, they'll eventually be called husband and wife assuming one is a boy and the other a girl."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do flies fly in small circles right in the centre of the room | [
"The lights in the room are confusing the flies. & #x200B; Basically, flies and many other flying insects use the sun to navigate their way through the world. In a room with artificial lights, this can confuse the insect in question. From the fly's point of view, it's flying in a straight line. & #x200B; For the ... | [
"For the same reason the birds and kites soar. The smoke floats on the air. Given enough time, the smoke will fall to the floor. Check out the carpeting in a smokers house compared to a non smoker. Look at dust particles floating in sunlight. Then check the dust that has settled on the surfaces in a room."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Can a fat person die of starvation, or does the body *always* eat up its fat stores before starving? | [
"Depends on your definition of starvation. The body would not technically starve until all the fat stores were used. The body would also start cannibalizing muscle and other tissue in a desperate attempt to stay alive which would eventually result in death. However, it's very possible to die of various complicatio... | [
"I'll assume the full question is: \"How does cardiovascular activity kill gains in muscle mass?\". In ELI5 terms: Your body burns energy in the following order: Sugar > Fat > Muscle. When you do too much cardio, or overdo your diet and eat too little food to produce enough sugar, your body will use up its sugar st... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Into the wild blue yonder... | [
"The blue of the sky is a structural component of Earth's atmosphere as it is the result of blue light being scattered the most while other wavelengths don't scatter much (which is why the sky is only red at dawn and dusk). Due to this the blue sky reaches as far as the atmosphere is dense enough that enough light ... | [
"Something About an apple or fruit.. Source: book i found in the drawer at a hotel."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How do materials like copper foil stop a radio wave? | [
"Radio waves are waves in the electromagnetic field. When one of these waves hit a sheet of copper or other conductive material of appropriate size, the wiggling of the electromagnetic field \"grabs\" the electrons in the metal, wiggling them back and forth like buoys in the ocean. Pushing the electrons around eats... | [
"The microwaves are creating an electric current through the foil. Occasionally, this electricity arcs across the foil, creating both the lights and the sound."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What’s the difference between “wearing a costume” and “cosplay”? | [
"Adam Savage puts it in a really good way in his book; [_URL_0_](_URL_0_) & #x200B; In short, costumes are things you wear, it's you. Cosplay is becoming a character, playing a role, adding your spin to the costume. & #x200B; You wear a costume at halloween to attend a party. You cosplay when you play the charac... | [
"Because we get tired of the lack of empathy when we're honest about our feelings. We put on a mask that is a caricature of the world we hate Source: I'm the life of the party weekly, and contemplate suicide several times a year."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How does buoyancy work? | [
"Have to displace (move) more weight in water than an object weighs for it to float. So if a 10 tonne ship displaces more than 10 tonne of water it floats. If it displaces less it sinks. Is the most simple way to put it :)"
] | [
"If magnets are magic, is gravity magic too? Fundamental forces, yo. They run the universe."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How did the United States become a world powerhouse in such a short time? | [
"Back to back world wars is the short answer. The major world powers before WW1 were the British Empire, France, the German Empire, and Russia. All of those nations were heavily impacted by both world wars. The USA was in a fine position, especially after WW2, to essentially take over from all of those countries j... | [
"The UK is arguably the most dominant nation of the past 1000 years, the US over the past 100. On top of that, the US has been a leader in media, technology, and commerce during the first time in history it has been easy to for the general public to communicate with people around the globe. That has gone a long way... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about World Affairs:",
"pos": "Represent the post about World Affairs:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
- how do hearing aids work? | [
"I am not an expert so would be happy to see an expert chime in, but I can speak as a user of hearing aids. I think cheaper hearing aid models do increase the volume of everything. This isn’t helpful as sounds can “blend” together for hearing-impaired individuals. More expensive models take the results of your sp... | [
"No offense, but your doctors there to field such questions. Your health matters, ask every question you can ask your doctor! It takes time to build up body levels of the active ingredients in your drugs."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When you're driving and it's sunny outside, why does it look like there is water on the road ahead of you but once you get closer it's gone? | [
"It's called a mirage. The asphalt on the road get so hot in the sun, in turn heating the air above it, so when the light from sky is coming down, it actually bends and goes back up. Then you see the light from the sky, creating illusion of reflection that we associate with a water puddle. [Wikipedia](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"Well, the first thing to know is that it doesn't. It's just a truism, not an undeniable fact or anything. But at sunrise and sunset, the sunlight is coming in at an oblique angle to the atmosphere. If the atmosphere is full of particulates, then the light will scatter and make the sky look red. In this situation, ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How do cracked video games' private servers make money? | [
"Some sell \"vip membership\" Some advertise in game. Although possible, it's unlikely that they aren't after money."
] | [
"They're worth that because of the number of users and the potential to make money. Some company might come buy the program because of all the users and probably at some point insert advertisements into the program or find another way to make money with it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Technology:"
} |
How do they make slowing time in computer games? | [
"There's a few ways, but having internal time is a way to do it. Things like movement and animations are usually timed, a frame could be 100ms and movement is velocity \\* time. There's no reason that time is the real time though, the game could have a multiplier to real time such that `game time passed = real time... | [
"That is Hollywood science and has little application to real life. Real bombs are not designed like that."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How can Michael Bennet run for president without being born in the USA? | [
"So this is related to the phrase \"Natural Born Citizen\" used in the constitution. The generally accepted definition of this phrase is a citizen who was a US Citizen at birth and did not need to go through the naturalization process. This means that Bennet's American parents made him a citizen at birth, regardles... | [
"If you are a voter, pretending to be someone else is called voter fraud. If you are a candidate, pretending to be someone else is called running for office."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
what happens to the circulatory system after a blood donation? | [
"The plasma volume should be back to normal in 24 hours, but depending on age and other factors it might take 4-6 weeks to get your red blood cell count back to what it was before. That's why the Red Cross makes you wait 8 weeks between donations."
] | [
"Your teacher is an idiot. Talk to a doctor about the best way to beat a type of cancer. That being said, a diet high in vegetables and low in red meat would lower your chances of getting cancer in the first place."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
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