query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1 value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Why do you weigh less in the morning than you do at night? | [
"Your lungs breathe out carbon dioxide and water vapor constantly. While you are sleeping, you are not eating or drinking, so you lose weight of carbon and water. You lose even more weight if you have to get up to pee in the night."
] | [
"Because your body is off schedule. Until you are on schedule, it will be like this. Here is how you fix it: * Wake up at 6:00AM every morning (including weekends) * Do not nap during the day * Get a decent amount of exercise each week After you do this for a few weeks, you will magically have lots of energy during... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Sleep and fatigue:"
} |
Why does the pitch of your voice sometimes gets lowered when you're having a cold? | [
"It is caused by the inflammation of your vocal cords. The thicker the vocal cord, the slower it vibrates. The slower it vibrates, the lower the pitch of your voice."
] | [
"When your voice is high pitched, your vocal chords are tighter/closer together. My guess is that since you're asleep (unless you're having nightmares) you're very relaxed. Your room mate might have even been having a relaxing dream, so when he woke up his vocals chords were relaxed as well. I'm not an expert so ta... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about Health and Wellness:"
} |
Why are 9/11 first responders getting cancer so reliably? | [
"Many things used in construction can be toxic to humans but have very limited contact with humans. For example, old insulation with asbestos is between walls and only comes in contact with the person installing or removing it. When 9/11 happened, the buildings were burning to convert these solid materials into tox... | [
"Compare mortality rates to those with chronic illness 100 years ago. Now make the same comparison today. You will find that a very large number of people who are sick today would have been dead 100 years ago. Peanut allergy 100 years ago: Billy mysteriously fell over dead, end of story."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health:"
} |
Why is caffeine found in so many plants while other compounds like nicotine/cocaine/THC only come from a single source? | [
"Many plants fall under the Cannabaceae family and contain THC, much like many plants fall under the Nicotiana tabacum and contain Nicotine. You're probably used to just hearing the more popularized plants: Weed and Tobacco, which are very specific labels that can classify a broad spectrum of plants. The chemicals ... | [
"While poison affects not every organism equally, plants did develop some poisons to avoid being eaten. However, if you look at the great multitude of so-called secondary metabolites, most of them are poisonous to either viruses, bacteria, fungi or other microorganisms, or insects, or even other plants. Plant evolu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Biology:"
} |
How are companies able to manufacture each pixel on a screen, given how tiny they are and make them work the way they want?? | [
"They don't manufacture each pixel individually and then combine them to make a screen. They essentially \"print\" the pixels directly onto the screen in a process called [photolithography](_URL_0_), which is the same process that is used to make CPUs. In a nutshell, it involves applying a layer of a UV-sensitive c... | [
"An OLED tv is a tv made up OLEDs - Organic LEDs. It works basically like a regular LED tv. To explain the significance of LEDs, I'll have to explain LCD displays first. Liquid Crystal Displays work by having a screen-wide backlight, and crystals in front of that backlight to manipulate the light it gives off into... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why do some US electrical plugs have a "ground" and many do not? | [
"Positive and negative doesn't really apply here, because they switch back and forth 60 times per second. You have hot and neutral. Hot is connected to one of the phases, neutral is the same potential as ground, but only connected to ground in the main breaker box. stuff that uses a lot of power will often have two... | [
"It has to do with building codes. Let me explain Dryers and homes can have two different main types of plugs for dryers. A 4-prong and a 3-prong. Old dryers and homes have 3 prong plugs/outlets, new ones have 4-prong plugs/outlets. Obviously, if you mix and match old/new home or dryer it won't work. Now the codes ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why don’t babies cry tears? | [
"Because when babies are born, their tear ducts haven’t full formed yet. It can take from 2 weeks to 2 months before they become functional."
] | [
"* Dogs crying are usually quieter than babies. * Dogs problems are easier to solve than babies. * Dogs are cuter than babies. * Babies cry over the stupidest shit."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
if A and B are female identical twins, and C and D are male identical twins, what is the genetic relationship between a child of A and C, and a child of B and D? | [
"Legally, they'll be cousins. Genetically, they'll be siblings. Well, more or less. There is always *some* genetic difference between identical twins, but discounting that, the two children have genes that came from what amounts to the same \"pool\" of possible genes. They'd show up as siblings on a DNA test."
] | [
"The two probabilities coexist because you are asking different questions. Question 1: Given that a couple has 5 sons, what is the probability that their next child is also a boy? Answer: 50%, because the genders of the previous siblings does not affect the next outcome. Question 2: What is the probability that a f... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does a loudspeaker reproduce the sound of a whole orchestra, which is itself comprised of a hundred or so different sound sources, with just one single swinging membrane inside of it? | [
"It happens the same way we can hear that orchestra with only one single tiny membrane vibrating inside each of our ears (ear drums) in response to the sound of the orchestra. The various sound waves from all points within the orchestra add and subtract (depending on phase). This “composite” wave form made up of th... | [
"They are tuned to the same sequence of tones/frequencies. Music written for one can be played on the other with little or no adjustment. The chords and keys and keyboards and the notes each relates to are identical from one to the other. That said, a piano uses strings that are activated by a little cloth hammer. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why when I'm rubbing my hayfevery/itchy eyes does it feel near orgasmic, but as soon as I stop it's like the very fires of hell are burning my eyeballs? | [
"Your brain uses electro-chemistry to cause the rest of your body to do things. If your eyes are irritated by pollen the nerves send a signal that they itch. When you rub them your brain experiences reward signals saying, “Good job, you scratched the itch.” Unfortunately you just irritated or popped thousands of t... | [
"You sure as shit can when you have a kidney infection, such an eerie fucking feeling. Like bouncing water balloons with nerves attached that send shooting pain when you move...never again do I want to feel my organs."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Health and Physiology:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Health and Physiology:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
What happens if pushing the MRI QUENCH button? How the superconductive magnet loses the superconductivity? | [
"> But how exactly pushing a button can make the coil temperature rise at the first place? It activates an electrical heating element on or very close to the magnet itself. There are dedicated circuits for this emergency stop process, and the goal is to heat the magnet quickly to the point where it gains electrical... | [
"Yes, but is has to be really powerful and change really fast [TMS](_URL_0_) uses a really strong (2-3T) magnetic pulse to disrupt nerve impulses in the brain surface An MRI doesn't have the same effect even though it has the same field strength because stationary or slow moving magnetic fields don't induce current... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why is there lightning during rainstorms but not during snow storms? | [
"You still can have thunder and lightning with snow. It’s typically referred to as thundersnow. The reason you see it more with rain is because it generally needs the mixing of warm and cold air to bounce around together exciting and moving charges around until the build up is great enough to discharge. But it stil... | [
"cooler air can't hold as much water vapor as warmer air. this is why there tends to be more mist at night and in the early hours of the morning"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What do the specs on/of a computer mean? | [
"The big three specs on a computer are the CPU(the brain), the graphics card (what renders games and stuff), and how much ram you have (it is super high speed memory which can significantly impact how smoothly the computer runs). Other things might be what storage is in the computer or peripherals (like monitors, m... | [
"What two types are you talking about? There are many ways to classify solar panels."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
what are brain waves? | [
"Your brain's neurons communicate with each other through chemical and electrical activity. As with most stable systems, the electrical activity of your brain has a rhythmic or repetitive form. Any electrical system will create electromagnetic waves from normal activity, and we can detect them. So brain waves are a... | [
"Medulla Oblongata and Pons in the brainstem. Where did you hear the theory about the ear???"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why is water in the ocean and lakes blue but if I put water into a cup it is clear? | [
"It's because water is almost entirely transparent, *almost* when you have a lot of it it starts being able to show it's color because there's enough that your eyes can start noticing the difference in the wavelengths being absorbed/reflected"
] | [
"Clear urine is diluted. If the urine is yellow it's because the particulates in the urine are more concentrated. If you out a teaspoon of purple dye in a gallon of water and shake it, the water is a tiny bit purple. Put that same amount of dye in a glass and it's really purple. The same concept takes place with yo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about biology:"
} |
How do dolphins/whales etc jump out of the water without having ground to push off of? | [
"Apparently my first explanation was too short. So here's attempt two. The dolphin/whale/fish swims with enough speed through the water that when they leave the water their momentum carries them up through the air. They don't need to push off of anything because they are already moving fast enough under the water."... | [
"They need to push down on the air to keep flying. In space, there's no air to push down on. Eventually, the air becomes so thin that you can't push enough of it down to keep yourself up. You can swim in water, because it's dense, and you can push water down and pull yourself up as a result. Now try swimming in air... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How does a computer knows the length of a second? | [
"There is clock signals in the computer with know frequency that you be used to determine progress of time by the circuits. The are based on technology like a [crystal\\_oscillator](_URL_0_) often called quartz crystal that vibrate at fixed frequency because of there physical shape. It works a lot like a tuning for... | [
"hmmm... I guess a very simple way of saying this is that the computer is ‘drawing’ all the things in each frame of the video."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Tablet screens vs E-Reader screens | [
"[E-ink](_URL_0_). Instead of lighting up phosphor dots like a computer monitor, it's filled with dark, electrically charged capsules and they can use electricity to bring them to the surface. It's actually a lot like a very advanced Etch-a-Sketch (except electric instead of magnetic)."
] | [
"its the other way around. Computer monitor LEDs/LCDs have a way higher pixel and screen resolution density than any television on the market, excluding 4k TV's"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why are dead lifts so often recommend when starting out weight lifting? | [
"It is a complex motion involving multiple muscle groups that is fairly easy to learn. You can make a lot of gains in both mass and strength by adding it to your workout regimen."
] | [
"Free weights work out the stabilizing muscles while machines often isolate the muscle you're focusing on. You get more \"complete\" workouts with free weights."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How are fireworks manufactured and made to pop out like they do? | [
"Not a fireworks guy, but How It's Made has a really good piece on how they're made. _URL_0_ Basically, it's a series of explosive charges seperated by time delay fuses. An initial \"lift\" charge launches the firework into the air, after a given time, the burst charge, usually gunpowder surrounded by small metalli... | [
"So when and where did playing cards as we know them come into being anyways?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does usb to 3.5mm work? | [
"Not an expert, but you usually only need a few cables to make certain functions work. Like, you couldn’t plug your phone into the usb to charge from an aux port, but you could totally use it to play music using the couple of connections on a usb that do that. Also, software and firmware are usually used toallow co... | [
"External drives without a dedicated power supply get their power from the usb connection. Connecting through a hub may not ldave enough power for the drive."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What do people mean by "fixed" when they talk about wrestling? | [
"It's prestigious in the same way throwing the One Ring into Mount Doom is heroic. It tells a story for the audience to enjoy, the titles are props but props with a lineage. You're putting your story on a long line of stories."
] | [
"I want to say it also has something to do with other labeling, as well."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
what's the differences among yogurt and sour milk, and why do people eat yogurt but not sour milk? It's all done by bacteria isn't it? | [
"Sour milk is \"caused\" by some random bacteria with random results while yogurt has carefully selected strains of bacteria and/or yeast that has been proven to be safe and tasty."
] | [
"Sometimes it's not unsafe for consumption. You can still drink milk that's gone bad, it's yogurt. Many cultures drink fermented milk- the bacteria is just controlled so it tastes how they want it to. With that being said, it totally depends on the strain of bacteria, or culture. I make homemade yogurt from milk. F... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Food and cooking:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Food and cooking:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Food Science:"
} |
Why do healed broken bones ache when it rains? | [
"“Scientists don’t know for sure why weather causes pain [this includes broken bones], but barometric pressure seems to play an important role. When a storm is brewing, the barometric pressure drops. This change is detected by the body, causing soft tissue to swell and fluid around the joints to expand [causing pai... | [
"EIL5: Why can't I stop sitting with my legs crossed, even though it hurts my knees, and why does it hurt my knees?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Health and Weather:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Health and Weather:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How sitting in the seat of somebody who sat in it recently feels warm, yet that same warmth can’t be recreated simply by standing up and sitting back down in your own seat? | [
"When you're sitting down, both the seat *and your butt* warm up, so your butt is at the same temperature as the seat, which is why it doesn't feel warm when you stand up and sit back down. But if you're standing, your butt is a little cooler, so the seat warmed by someone else's butt feel warm in comparison."
] | [
"Because it psychologically reinforces the comforts of being inside your house in a comfortable spot; it's a constant, audible reminder that you are not outside getting wet and cold."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Ecuador uses USD as its currency. How does it get new bills or get rid of old ones? | [
"Banks (regional or central) can buy any currency they desire, either with a different foreign currency or by selling something of value and taking payment in USD. New bills come from other banks stockpiles or from the US. Old bills are stored, spent or (if damaged) exchanged with US Bureau of Engraving. The probl... | [
"Yes. In fact this is what the vast majority of newly printed money is for anyway. Paper money has a short lifespan and gets beat up, so the banks mail it in get it replaced with freshly minted bills. No inflation occurs as they are removing the same amount from circulation."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Does eating at night really have any difference on your body as opposed to eating during the day? | [
"Very minimal - studies on animals have shown that there is a slight difference in how the body consumes calories at night but not a significant difference and it hasn't been repeated in human studies. & #x200B; Where this \"myth\" has likely come from though is that it's been found that people who eat more at nig... | [
"Try eating later in the day not everyone is designed to eat immediately or even within two hours of waking up."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health and Wellness:"
} |
Why does lice seem to vanish from the Earth as soon as everyone becomes like 12 years old? | [
"Adult people can generally be trusted not to paw at the heads of their peers and will address any itchy sensations or the feeling of critters running about on their scalp with appropriate medications. There definitely are older people with lice but they tend to be the vagabonds pushing shopping carts down the stre... | [
"Or in my father's case, how come his seasonal allergies went away when he turned 45?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and Wellness:"
} |
how does salmonella occur inside of fruits, per the latest papaya salmonella outbreak? | [
"It doesn't, it occurs on the outside due to improper handling procedures between harvest and consumption. Salmonella typically lives in the digestive tracts of animals and is found in fecal material, so there has to be transfer of fecal material onto the papayas themselves. However, the bacteria can grow outside o... | [
"seafood must be frozen at time of catch and held frozen for at least 72hours to kill parasites. if a boat does not follow these rules and sells to market, thats how you end up with problems. additionally good sushi restaurant thaw and sell their meat on.the same day. the grocery store fish has been sitting there... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why does the surface of water look mirror-like from the underside at certain angles? | [
"this is called \"total internal reflection\" in optics. light can escape from water into air only at steep angles. At shallow angles it gets reflected \"totally\", meaning the reflectivity is 100%. That is even higher than normal metallic mirrors (90%-98%). The reason is (missing) refraction. refraction and reflec... | [
"The twinkling effect which causes brightening/dimming/color change is caused by diffraction (bending) of light in the atmosphere. It is the same reason why if you have a glass of water with a straw in it, the straw will look like it's in a different place underwater than in the air. Or, if you are looking at a pon... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How does dust stick to ceiling fans despite the fact they're spinning? | [
"Dust particle has a small surface area, so the miniscule amount of wind that hits it while the fan rotates isnt enough to break the friction it has from contact with the fan."
] | [
"It is a myth. Air flowing past electronics does not create enough static electricity to damage anything. The fans in the PC would be unsafe if that was true. The vacuum cleaner is more powerful, but is not ducted like the fans are. The only caution is to not cause the fans to run backwards and not to overspeed the... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
what's the difference between gas grades, i.e. 87, 88 "the new standard" and flex fuel? | [
"The grade refers to the octane rating of the fuel, which is a measure of how easy it is to ignite. The harder a fuel is to ignite, the more it can be compressed in the engine first, and the more energy it will release. The thing is that an engine has to be designed to work with a higher octane fuel - if you put t... | [
"Because its a better quality mix of fuel, depending on the year of your car, if its newer you need to put the higher octane fuel to run your engine properly and if you have say a 1998 model car you are better off putting the lower octane fuel in for maximun performance."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do some phone batteries 'die' before reaching 0%? | [
"Cell phone batteries as they get older often have issues with judging 0% to 100%. This in most cases leads to the phone shutting down below 10% as the phone is displaying incorrect battery storage info."
] | [
"When your laptop says it's out of battery it's not actually out of battery. When a lithium-ion battery reaches 0% it will no longer be able to hold a charge and will need to be replaced. To combat this anything that uses a lithium-ion battery will under report it's power level. So when your laptop says it's at 0% ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How do big trees survive without constant watering | [
"Tree roots can span a far distance (down 20 feet/5 meters), so it will suck up water from deep in the earth. Current record is 60 meters of a living tree root was found in Arizona. If it's a dry season, growth slows down. When you cut a tree, and look at the rings you can tell when a year was wet or dry based on d... | [
"Some like beeches hold onto dead leaves to collect snow at their base for added water when it melts. Saplings in general hold onto their leaves longer than the larger trees to get some last minute sugar from the sun without the shading of the larger trees."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why stab wounds in movies appear to be deadlier than gunshot wounds (at least in movies) | [
"It's all about what's convenient for the story. Bad guys get shot and they are instantly dead. Good guys get shot and they can run a marathon. There is no consistent logic even within the same movie. As long as it doesn't break the suspension if disbelief, writers and directors do what moves the story in the direc... | [
"As long as the bullet misses the Medulla Oblongata, a small section of your brain responsible for basic life support, you could in theory survive the gunshot if you were treated for the complications afterwards, such as internal bleeding. Obviously you'll suffer massive brain damage as the bullet rips through your... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does it never snow in some places that are cold enough for snow? | [
"Snow requires both cold and the right atmospheric conditions. Many coastal areas have too much moisture in the air to allow for snow to form. Also, as far as I can tell you don't count flurries (snow that does not accumulate on the ground) as snow."
] | [
"The local climate depends on the locale. To be serious Arizona is in the middle of the continent and has a low rainfall. Florida is a peninsula surrounded by ocean on both sides. It can rain every day in the afternoon in Florida which you would never know when looking at advertisements for Florida vacations. There... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why does salt water still taste like salt water even though the Sodium and Chlorine bonds have been broken apart? | [
"When we taste \"salt,\" we're really only tasting the sodium component. To be more rigorous, we're tasting the fact that sodium is an alkali metal (a common substitute for sodium chloride is *potassium* chloride; potassium is the next element in the alkali metal group). So to say something \"tastes like salt\" is ... | [
"You're thinking of sodium chloride, which is what most salt is. Sodium on its own is a silvery gray metal that explodes when it gets wet. I'm guessing if you have a salt package with \"less sodium\" then some of the sodium chloride has been replaced by potassium chloride."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How come fair skinned people have harder time getting a tan? Can they even get a tan? | [
"A tan is basicaly the skin's response to damage done by the sun, by increasing melanin. Since lighter skinned people naturaly have less melanin, it is harder for them to produce more. They can get a tan, but that tan will be lighter than a naturaly darker person's tan. It is also not a good idea to try and \"force... | [
"Yes, that's what tanning is. It's a reaction by your body to stimulate melanin production, making your skin darker and more resistant to burning. Melanin is why people with pale skin will burn more than tan, while dark skin will burn very rarely."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
when we swallow/ingest food down the wrong hole (into the wind pipe) do the lungs break down food and liquid? Or does it just sit there and rot? | [
"Your lungs sweep the foreign particles up with microscopic hairs called cilia and you cough it up. If it sits and rots in there you get pneumonia and die from sepsis."
] | [
"Because if you induce vomitting you force it through your throat again. Then it gets a second chance at attacking all the sensitive things there. The digestive system is much more capable of dealing with acids etc. So... Depending on what is in your cleaner your stomach can actually handle it :)"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why is it that, when someone tells you to do something, you want to do it less? | [
"In Social Psychology this is known as Reactance. It's a motivational state that follows after experiencing a loss of (predominantly social) power. Reactance is then the motivation to protect or repair your sense of power or freedom of choice. This is the same mechanism that makes forbidden fruits attractive. It mi... | [
"Because sooner or later a woman is going to touch your penis, and you will want it to happen again."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How does the PornHub line chart / trend line that is at the bottom of the videos work? The videos are scanned automatically by algos look for what exactly? | [
"It represent how long people have watched it. Usually people will close the video after 10sec, but I'm always curious if there is a spike somewhere in the middle /end. Wink wink."
] | [
"I'm not sure if this completely explains it, but youtube views from official accounts now count towards the chart."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why aren't browsers able to block all pop-ups (some of them seems to "escape the filter")? | [
"There's a constant battle between browser developers and popup makers. Browser devs try to get rid of unwanted popups, while the popup makers are looking for ways to trick the browser into allowing a popup. Sometimes, the popup makers find something that the browser devs missed."
] | [
"Their pages include a script that looks (to your adblocker) like an ad. If that script is NOT run, the site gives you a 'please turn off your adblocker' message. tl;dr they include a script likely to get blocked by adblockers and detect that script not being run."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Do we know into what the universe expands? | [
"The answer to this question is irrelevant from the point of view of science, since this thing it supposedly expands into we will never be able to interact with. But I think it's easier to wrap your head around it if we rephrase the terminology a bit. The word \"expand\" is kinda unfortunate, since it's colloquial ... | [
"Are you asking what caused the Big bang? No one knows."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
As a short sighted person, why are things still blurry if I look at them in the reflection of a mirror that I’m just centimetres away from? | [
"The question is how far the light has to travel from an object to get into your eye. A mirror just extends this distance. The light first travels the way from the object to the mirror and then from the mirror to you. These two distances need to be added up. In contrast to this, a display screen is the source of li... | [
"Near sighted people can see things that are near, but not far away - Far-sighted people can see far away things, but not things near them. I'm near sighted, so without my glasses I can see things that are near. I don't need glasses to read a book/monitor or see anything within arms length, but without my glasses ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why are OLED displays capped at 60Hz (according to Dave Lee)? | [
"It has to do with the panel itself. OLED and AMOLED are completely different, and AMOLED offers a much faster refresh rate than a OLED panel. That's why OnePlus is able to achieve it due to AMOLED."
] | [
"Retina is just Apple's name for a high-resolution display. It has no specific meaning. It originally referred to > 300DPI, but the full-size iPad 3+4+Air are below that figure and marketed as Retina. The Retina iPad models are a non-standard variant of 2K. In simpler terms: Retina iPhones = 0.6 to 0.72 megapixels... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
black stripe on face meaning | [
"It's an eyebrow. The picture is implying that back in 1999, you would get kissed and have the remnants of a woman's lipstick, but nowadays you would get their entire eyebrow/eyebrow makeup. Lol"
] | [
"Follow up question- how do people see me in the street: handsome mirror timaldinho or burn that photograph timaldinho?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does bar soap make your skin feel 'sticky' while body wash does not? | [
"The wax content. Most store bought soaps have a high wax content, much like cheap crayons. This is partially why, if you buy a better brand of bar soap, or even more so with soap made by small companies or at farmers markets, they won’t give you that sticky feeling. Many small time soap makers use natural and/or o... | [
"Shampoo is much more mild .. Shampoo doesn't have enough 'oomph' to clean your body properly. Body wash, on the other hand, is too harsh you use in your hair on a regular basis. The whole reason Shampoo was invented was because regular soap left peoples' hair dry and damaged."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do pixels know when and what color to display? | [
"They don't. The computer sets the pixel to whatever color is needs. I'm not quite sure why you think a pixel needs to \"know\" anything. Could you perhaps explain how you arrived at that idea? I should be able to better explain what's going on then."
] | [
"Are you thinking that if you looked really closely at your screen, like with a microscope, you would see the code, and that somehow it makes up the image? Code is just what tells your screen how to make an image. Think of it like this. Your screen has thousands of little empty dishes we call \"pixels\". We can put... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Computer Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Computer Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is it that normal words sometimes look extremely weird and completely misspelled? | [
"Your brain is tired of the word. In most cases, you’re stated at word too long, so your brain is experiencing something called semantic saturation, where the word will temporarily loose meaning to you because it is on your mind too much. Edit: Wow! To whoever gave me gold because of this post, I really appreciate ... | [
"It's complicated to you. To them it must be rather simple. I mean a non English speaker might find it crazy that there, their and they're all sound the same but look different? or worse, words that look the same and can even sound the same but don't mean the same thing? Really, I can address you at your address, p... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about Language and Translation:"
} |
Why is it that plants in a garden need excessive care like support,waterings, and heavy weeding when plants thrive in the wild without this? | [
"Because we usually select the wrong plants when we plant a garden. The things we pick tend to have been selected for their beauty, not their hardiness. There are some demo gardens that show how to plant with local native plants that require little active care."
] | [
"I am going to look at this from a smallholder/ traditional farmer point of view It does appear to be incredibly labour intensive, but rice comes with one incredible advantage, you can flood the fields and plant the rice plants in the mud, and the rice will grow for the first few weeks of its life in the water, so ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how does an icebreaker work | [
"I assume you mean the ship type. They have powerful engines along with a very thick hull concentrated in the front, with an extremely heavy bow. The general idea is that the icebreaker will drive into a sheet of ice sitting on the surface of the water and the shape of the bow will force it upward onto the ice. Bec... | [
"Why can you understand ozzy when he sings but not when he talks? How exactly is a rainbow made? How exactly does a sun set? How exactly does a posi-trac rear-end on a Plymouth work? It just does."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do heat waves effect sound waves? | [
"Temperature changes the density of air. Cold air is denser than hot air. (Ever notice how great you car starts on a winter day, particularly with a carbureted vehicle?) The air around and above the combustion is several hundred degrees hotter than the air further away from it, and the air will be roiling and very... | [
"They are more sensitive to air movement than sound or visual input."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
What is the difference between labyrinth and maze? | [
"The two words are usually synonymous, but a labyrinth *can* be a maze with only a single path (such as the labyrinth in the cathedral at Chartres) while a maze generally has multiple, branching paths."
] | [
"Why do some parts of the world call gasoline petrol?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do overweight people have higher basal metabolic rates than lean people? | [
"> Most BMR calculators, even on reliable websites, make no distinction between muscle and fat Yes, this is why the calculation is an estimate and not 100% accurate. A bodybuilder is in a very different place metabolically than an obese person, and a simple calculation isn't going to reveal all. It can however be u... | [
"If you eat more calories than you expend, you'll gain wait, and if you eat fewer calories than you expend, you'll lose weight. Your metabolism is basically the rate at which you are always spending energy, doing things like breathing, digesting food, sending signals through neurons, generating heat, beating your h... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Is it true that when you can get sick from getting wet in the rain? Why? | [
"No, simply getting wet from rain is not going to make you sick. Getting wet will make your release body temperature faster (radiate) and you can drop below where you are supposed to which can lead to an immune compromise and any pathogens you are exposed to can lead to a cold. Same thing about going outside withou... | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why does breathing out on a left foot, when running, prevent Stitch? | [
"I was in the army for 4 years and ran countless miles and never heard of this. Although many of the cadence's were timed with the left foot so we may have been doing it by accident?"
] | [
"It's said that it's caused by the midriff, a muscle that important for breathing. If you are breathing in a fast maner, it can feel the same pain as any other muscle that you overuse. Running more and breathing deeper and more slowly will do the trick."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do breast measurements work? | [
"The number is the ribcage, and the cup size is calculated based on the difference between the ribcage and the largest point of circumference around the breasts. A cup is one inch, B is two inches, and so on."
] | [
"That's exactly how car insurance works. Can you clarify your question?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why will a zit hurt when there's no "head"? | [
"Inflammation makes the pore close up. As your body fights the infection, the inflammation reduces and the pus forms. you probably could squeeze them out but its more difficult and more painful,"
] | [
"Popping them splits the skin open and makes it possible for bacteria to get in, which can cause an infection. At the very least it causes irritation. If you must pop a pimple (because who can stand the look of a nasty white head on their face?) I'd probably put some neosporin on it after."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How do fire dancers stay safe? | [
"Usually people will only start using fire once they have practiced so much they rarely hit themselves with their tools. Sometimes the use LED things beforehand to practice. And good fire dancers always have water and fire blankets handy, cause sometimes you do get burned."
] | [
"Why do people get hurt in house fires? Can't they just walk out of the building?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How did the US become the most powerful country in the world despite being one of the youngest ? | [
"We lucked out on natural resources and the ability to expand basically unlimited. Also with a vast majority of the world greatly injured economically after WWII it allowed America to basically be the world’s manufacturing engine for 20 years giving us a massive leg up on technology and wealth"
] | [
"Didn't become successful? Says who? North Korea is one of the five most advanced communist societies in the entire world."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about World Affairs:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about World Affairs:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why don’t law enforcement officers use tranquilizer guns to subdue perpetrators? | [
"Cop here: There's several reasons. For one, tranquilizers require time to work. In an active use-of-force situation, you're dealing with seconds at the very most. You need instantaneous options. Another is that tranquilizers require specialized doses based on size and weight. It's fine to estimate for an animal, b... | [
"It might not be necessary in certain countries, but with the number of firearms and violence in the U.S., it would be pure anarchy if our police forces did not have firearms. Don't bring a knife to a gun fight."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is that feeling when somrething shakes your soul up & down and side to side when you're about to fall sleep and why does it happen? | [
"That’s an interesting way to describe it, but it’s a reflex to keep you from falling out of a tree. It’s not really useful anymore."
] | [
"We also cry when we're happy. It's because there's not enough room to keep all the feels inside, and so they spill over. Now flair your post or you'll cry when it's deleted."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What actually happens with those shredded truck tires on the side of the highway? Do trucks really just drive until they fall off, and how do they continue onward after losing a tire? | [
"Semi's have 18 wheels. So what you are seeing is retreads. A new tire for a semi truck is very expensive, maybe $400 or $500, so they take old tires and \"retread\" them by basically hotmelting new rubber onto the old rubber. Unless this is done really well, it will eventually fall apart. But luckily, since th... | [
"Does anyone know what the result is to the tire? Are these strips bad for the tire/wear the tire? Sometimes during construction, you are almost forced to drive on them for an extended period."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
what TB lab results mean | [
"The Quantiferon test is a brand name for a form of interferon gamma release assay. Simply put if your immune system recognizes tuberculosis then it will release a substance when exposed to the antigen for that substance, a chemical marker specific to that infection. The first two zero results are for exposure to d... | [
"Employees, analysis, electricity, patient backup (other patients waiting...) etc. not so much money as resources."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What’s the difference between primates, hominids, apes, and monkeys? | [
"Those are all classifucations of creatures. Primates include hominids, apes and monkeys. Monkeys are different classification group from apes. Hominids are a subclassification of apes."
] | [
"Depends what you mean by human. Do you mean humans exactly like us? No. We are Homo sapiens sapiens and Neanderthals were Homo neanderthalensis. If you mean human as in part of the human family tree, then yes. We are both part of the Homo genus."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why does food taste differently hot and cold? | [
"Taste receptors in our tongue are temperature sensitive. Our body works based on tiny electric signals for control and information transfer. When the temperature changes, some taste receptors like TRMP5 (that senses tastes like sweetness, bitterness, and umami) send different signals. The electric signal they send... | [
"Well, it's a matter of expectations. And it's not a matter of liquid vs solid. If you drink a room temperature Pepsi, it will seem warm, because you're used to it being served cold. If you have a coffee at room temperature it will seem cold because you're used to it being served hot. I am sure you've eaten potato ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
The differences between species, races, and breeds. | [
"Species is kind of a squishy concept. The general rule is that if two populations cannot interbreed and produce fertile young, they are different species. Race is a purely sociological concept. It has no basis in biology. Breed is applied to different phenotypes of domestic animals. A phenotype is the outside appe... | [
"Genetics and environmental factors - the same thing that affects most variability in human traits."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do you store information in DNA? | [
"So, DNA has 4 different proteins in the strand. I don't recall all the names, but they are represented by C, T, A, and G(uanine). So, a strand of DNA can have variations in these proteins and form a chain like CCTGACGT. Just like a string of 0's and 1's (bits) can be used for encoding data, a DNA strand can encod... | [
"Because those are stored in different parts of the brain."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Science and Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Science and Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Neuroscience:"
} |
What makes a light-up top light up? | [
"They have batteries and a light inside. When you spin the top, the centrifugal force pushes a flexible strip of metal into a wire, which closes the circuit and allows electricity to flow to the light."
] | [
"Are you asking how a wheel works ?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How a speaker is able to make two sounds at the same | [
"When a speaker vibrates, it doesn't have to move in a single pattern. It can push out, pull back all the way, push forward a tiny bit, push back a little, push forward more, and so forth. When you consider the two frequencies of sound you mentioned, when they get added together- whether they were both played in fr... | [
"The same way you do with only two ears. Time lag, wave length and tone - all these factors play important parts for the brain when determining the direction of sound. In the following description, they are treated under separate headings, but when a person registers a sound, all three factors interact, helping to... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Technology:"
} |
why is the air coming in cold when you open a moving car window, despite it being warm outside? | [
"Imagine that you're covered head to toe in hair and the air that's flowing past you is really strong sticky tape. The more tape flows past you, the more body hair it's ripping off you. The air removes heat from you as it flows past you, cooling you down and making it feel cold."
] | [
"It creates a kind of wall of hot air. If the window in open it obviously doesn't work as well but any air that hits the window and is cooled, when it comes back it gets warmed by the air in front of the window. It also prevents the imbalance if temperature u can get sometimes. Ever been able to feel the temperatu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
why does glass create more condensation than plastic? | [
"When water vapor in the air comes into contact with a material that conducts heat (like glass) then the water will lose heat through conduction (the heat moves into the glass). When it loses enough heat the water molecules will start to coalesce and stick together (the condensation). Plastic doesn't conduct heat a... | [
"Humidity. When there is less moisture in the air to condense onto your windshield then there will be less frost."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How does a general anaesthetic work (surgery)? Why don’t we feel pain while under? And why doesn’t the pain wake us up? | [
"To clarify, general anesthesia is a state. It can be induced with gases or injected medications. So at the absolute base level, we do not 100% know. What we mostly think happens is that the anesthetic gases work by activating a chemical called GABA in the brain that is inhibitory. Bascially, that chemical is the \... | [
"There are local anesthetics that can numb just body parts or even the whole body, and not put you to sleep. Also general anti-anxiety medication that would keep you calm."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How are humans waterproof, yet we can still sweat water? | [
"Imagine this: You have a mouthful of water, but your mouth is closed, and you go swimming in the pool. The water from the pool doesn't flow into your mouth, but if you squeeze your cheeks, the water comes out of your mouth. Your mouth is likened to the pores that sweat comes out of. For a slightly more complex exp... | [
"Yes, it is possible. Your skin is designed to be as waterproof as possible, so you don't swell up like a sponge when you go swimming, or soak up toxic chemicals when you step in a puddle. However, it's also possible to survive. While you need to drink, you don't need to drink through your mouth. You could... *rela... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How are secret recipes still a thing with modern chemical analysis? | [
"A recipe isnt just a list of ingredients. Or even, the quantity of those ingredients. It's preparation, cooking time and temp, tools used etc. Anyone with the right equipment can tell you what's in coke. They can't tell you how it's made though. And that's the kicker."
] | [
"Not a huge amount, really. We already pretty much know what's in these products (I mean, with Coke, you can basically just read the label). The difficulty is only getting the exact formulation and mixing right. For most people, the prohibitive part of that is not knowing how it's done - it's having access to the k... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How come you sometimes see red-eye in cameras with flash on, but you cannot see red-eye when you look into a mirror with lights on, even shining directly into the eye? | [
"Angle. When you get redeye in a photograph generally the person is looking directly at the flash and their pupil is dilated because it’s dark (hence the flash). When you’re in a lit room your pupil is smaller and you’re looking at the reflection of your eye, not directly at the light source. (Or you’re looking at ... | [
"The term \"frontlit\" screen is somewhat of a misnomer....but I'll try to answer: Simply, a frontlit display is lit from in front of the display, as opposed to from behind. That sounds pretty straightforward, until you realize that the backlit screens on our phones and laptops and TVs display light by shining a bu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do birds grow feathers? | [
"Feathers are modified scales. If you look at a bird's foot there are scales and it transitions up to feathers along their leg. Fully mature feathers are similar to human hair--they are dead at functional state. They start off as 'pin feathers' little spikes hooked to the circulatory system. They are encased in a s... | [
"How do you know that you don't sneeze in your sleep?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How does blood cell production work? Do the cells that have nuclei (like white blood cells) undergo mitosis? | [
"Blood cells (red, white, platelets) are produced in the bone marrow, without exception. White blood cells possess nuclei because they do a lot of things that red blood cells don't: * They produce antibodies * They produce surface receptors to identify pathogens * the production of the above requires active genetic... | [
"Pharmacist - Bone marrow contain a special type of stem cell. These divide and multiply. Under the influence of various hormones, some of them mature into the various cellular components of blood. While there are many types of such cells they are generally referred to as white or red blood cells. One of the treatm... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How does bluetooth work? | [
"It's very high frequency (2.4 gHz) radio waves that allow two devices to not only connect to each other but also to share data between one another. It's similar to other such protocols, like wi-fi - the router and your laptop communicate and share radio waves to transmit and receive data."
] | [
"Connect two computers with a network cable. Bam! Your very own personal Internet!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why do finger and toe nails turn white as it gets longer? | [
"The white part is dry nails because it's not touching the skin and getting the natural oils. This is also why the white part turns translucent when you submerge them in water for long enough but go back to being white when they dry. I googled this a while back cause I was curious too hahaha"
] | [
"They don't. The skin around the nails shrinks so they appear longer than they did before death."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How are we able to hear multiple frequencies at once? | [
"[This figure should help explain it.](_URL_0_) A shows 4 waves each with different frequencies and C shows what you get when you combine those waves together. (Ignore B and D). A combination of different sound waves creates a single wave with a unique pattern. So instead of a speaker moving in and out by same amou... | [
"The concept of \"Sound\" is actually created by our brains in a response to the stimulus it receives from the vibrating ear drum. This vibrating is known as \"Frequency.\" It would be possible to simulate the illusion of sound in the brain; however, the brain wouldn't be able to make sense of a stimulus that was \... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Psychology:"
} |
Why do nuclear reactors rely on diesel generators in emergencies? | [
"> Why do nuclear reactors rely on diesel generators in emergencies? They work. In an emergency situation where failure can lead to an entire city becoming uninhabitable for centuries, that's the only thing that matters. Batteries are fragile and even petrol engines have more breakable parts than diesels (spark pl... | [
"Uranium itself does not become electricity. Uranium is used to heat water. The water boils, and goes up as steam through a turbine, which spins and generates electricity. Most nuclear power plants are based on this design - the uranium + water = Steam, Steam + Turbine = Electricity Pros: High-energy production, yo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does your stomach hurt when you receive bad news? | [
"Bad news activates the amygdala which is responsible for the fight or flight reflex. As such, it dumps some of the same chemicals (adrenaline, dopamine, serotonin) in large quantities into your bloodstream, which have physical effects."
] | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why does air feel colder when blown? | [
"When it's colder than our skin temperature outside, our body loses heat by transferring energy to the air molecules that collide with our skin"
] | [
"Putting the fan on you causes a breeze which cools you down. Pointing the fan out is blowing the hot air out, thereby causing negative air pressure inside the house and forcing fresh air to flow in. So, if it is hotter outside than in, point your fan at you. If it is hotter inside than out, point your fan out."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
What does owning masters to your music mean and why is it that the singer doesn’t always own their own music? | [
"Owning the masters simply means you own a copy of and the rights to the original recordings of a particular piece of music. & #x200B; Singers actually rarely own the masters to their music, unless they are self funded independents. It's usually going to be the record label that pays for the recording the happen t... | [
"They pay part of what they make to the record companies that have the rights to the songs. They get whatever is left."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
why does crying cause headaches? | [
"When you're sad, your body releases stress hormones which set off neurotransmitters that trigger physical reactions. So you cry, which causes congestion in your sinuses, muscles in your head/neck tighten up and you wind up with a tension headache. It's just a mixture of that tension and possibly sinus pressure. Yo... | [
"You do it because when you're mad or stressed you usually tighten up the muscles in your face. Massaging it gives you a little relief. Women definitely do it too. Also stress/anger can give you a headache. Rubbing your head can relieve some of that pain."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How does a galaxy move? | [
"Galaxies move based on gravity of their components (stars, planets gases etc) . Most galaxies have a black hole at the center , it's mass and gravity also affects the motion. Over large periods of time millions and billions of years galxies may colesce with other galaxies affecting each others movements"
] | [
"A blueshifted, speeded up version of the history of Earth."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How does Chinese magic cloth work? | [
"The cloth itself is multi-layered. Once water is applied to the topmost layer, it undergoes a transformation from an opaque fiber to becoming transparent. The layer underneath, is black. Eventually, the water evaporates and the top layer becomes opaque again. & #x200B; This means it does wear in time. Though I'm ... | [
"Are you asking how a wheel works ?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How does nuclear fusion and nuclear fission both release energy? | [
"Iron is the most stable atom. If you split atoms larger than iron you get energy out. But to fuse atoms larger than iron you have to put energy in. For things smaller than iron it’s the opposite. Fusion you get energy out, and fission you have to put energy in."
] | [
"You may be curious as to the difference between the different types of nuclear weapons. The first nuclear weapons derived their destructive power from the fission of heavy elements (uranium or plutonium). What this means is that the radioactive nuclei split into smaller nuclei, releasing energy. Eventually we dev... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
does unripe fruit have lower digestible caloric content than ripe fruit? | [
"After a fruit has been picked the count doesn't change. However the bioavailability does, as enzymes work to ripen and convert complex structures to simple ones like starch to sugar."
] | [
"Red wine doesn’t have the same biochemical reaction as beets. When you drink red wine, your body processes it differently than beets. Red beets contain a chemical called betacyanin that gives them deep purple color. Although most foods are chemically altered by the digestive process in such a way that they lose th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why airline prices fluctuate so much within a matter of a day? | [
"Because the airlines have spent absurd amounts of money on consultants who have spent absurd amounts of time and expertise to determine the ideal way to maximize their ticket prices in a complex, competitive market. & #x200B; Beyond that, I have no idea."
] | [
"Why do I need 60 seconds to fill up my car's gas tank, on average? What's happening in the last 10 seconds that doesn't happen in the first?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health:"
} |
how the space stations were built. | [
"Old 1960's and 1970's space stations.were generally just one large capsule or a couple of capsules that were launched and docked together in orbit The current ISS (international space stations) is a mutli module space station built.pver the last 20 years of space launches It's a joint project between five particip... | [
"its the direction of the cloud that originally formed the planets."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Science and Technology:"
} |
Why does it seem as though information is retained more easily when writing notes by hand rather than typing them? | [
"When you handwrite anything you tend to think more about what you are writing. Since writing is slower, you have to summarize what you need to write rather than having the ability to write it verbatim. This creates a stronger link to the material in the brain since you have have to think about the summarization. O... | [
"I use pen and paper for meetings, as does most everyone else in the meeting. Because you are usually not taking thorough complete notes, you're just jotting down a point here or there. It's actually easier just scribbling it on paper than bothering with a laptop."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How can suicide be illegal? | [
"A law is passed that makes suicide illegal. It's not difficult. If you're asking how they can punish a person once they're dead, there can still be repercussions on the estate (the stuff they own that they leave behind) or their family. But the biggest effect is: if something is illegal, then assisting a person to... | [
"Bankruptcy is not a crime. Can you be more specific?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Economics:"
} |
How can TVs playback content with a framerate thats not dividable by the refresh rate? | [
"The most common is playing 24 fps movies on 30 fps TVs. It converts 24 frames per second into 29.97 frames per second. Roughly speaking, converting every 4 frames into 5 frames plus a slight slow down in speed. The first 2 output frames are original. Output frames 3 and 4 are a mix of input frames 1, 2 and 3. Out... | [
"It probably wouldn't look as smooth. 30 and 60 are ideal since the video signal itself is 60fps, and 30 is half of 60. Anything over 60 is a waste since it will not be sent to the display. For PCs that can support different rates like 85Hz, 85fps would be your target frame rate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about videogame development:"
} |
Does the breakdown of carbon life forms add mass to the earth? | [
"No, or yes. It depends on how you define the Earth. If you are talking about everything from the atmosphere down, then no mass is added since the mass from the lifeforms is already accounted for. If you mean just the soil and whatnot below our feet, then yes the bodies decompose and make their way into the Earth. ... | [
"To add to the question - does the number of protons an atom have affect the conversion to pure energy? So what would it take to convert iron to pure energy compared to helium?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
once somebody takes the cap off of a honeycomb, how to they extract the honey? | [
"They put the whole comb in a special kind of centrifuge and use centrifugal force to extract it."
] | [
"Are you asking about the honeycomb, the thing with the honey in it made from beeswax? That's bee fat that the workers extrude and use as a building material."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are the colours used in the country flags so limited? | [
"Most country flags are old enough that they needed easily and cheaply made dyes to be used, which are generally the primary and secondary colors."
] | [
"As far as I know it was because it was the colour used to represent the royal family and the colour in the coat of arms."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is "PCIe 4.0" and what advantages does it have over its predecessor? | [
"PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect express) is a standard for a type of socket in computers, generally on the motherboard, that other components like graphics cards, hard drives, wifi cards, etc, use to connect. PCIe 4.0 has a transfer rate of 16GT/s (Giga transfers per second), which is double that of PCIe 3... | [
"PCI Express is a way of connecting various different devices to a computer. It is usually used for devices inside the computer, and USB is usually used for devices outside the computer. SATA is a way to connect storage devices to a computer. It is usually used for internal storage devices, though it can also be us... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
What is the conflict in Kashmir about and is there a way to solve it? | [
"The conflict is simple: both India and Pakistan think Kashmir should be part of their country. When the British Raj was split, the exact border location was up to dispute. There could be many ways to solve this, but propably hardly any that makes both countries happy and not feel like they lost something. Edit: so... | [
"Going back in time and preventing the Libyan Revolution is probably the only way to create peace within the next decade."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
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