query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1 value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Horror Motif in Literature | [
"A motif is just a recurring concept or idea in literature, so, presumably, a horror motif is a motif that, in some way, shape, or form, instills horror."
] | [
"Next Week's Theme: 'Royalty, Nobility, and the Exercise of Power' To be followed by: \"Eastern Europe\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why isn't all plastic recyclable? | [
"It's all about cost. If you have pristine poly-carbonate packaging from a pharma factory that's been handled by skilled workers in a super clean factory - sure, that's easy to recycle for what it will sell for. On the other hand, if you've got a plastic straw from the rubbish bin of a McDonalds with smudge-proof l... | [
"It also depends on what country you live in. Something being recycleable doesn't necessarily mean it gets recycled, it just doesn't go into the landfill. Case in point: k-cups are now recyclable, but they're recycled right into an incinerator."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
the difference between shower gel and normal body soap. | [
"Body wash, shower gel, liquid soap, etc. are all the same things. Any variations are purely cosmetic - they're intended to look, smell, or feel different, but they're functionally pretty much the same idea. The differences lie between any of them vs. bars of traditional soap. Bars of soap are made from fat of some... | [
"Shampoo usually contains chems to soften hair fibres. So using a soap would not give same results. Body, hand and face soap are more or less the same, main difference being their smell and container."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment about Science:"
} |
How bugs (not referring to tiny ones) somehow get through screened windows with no noticeable entrances. | [
"Info: are you talking like stuck between the screen and a closed window? If so, many screens, while sealed into the screen frame itself, are able to be open and closed. They can run on a little track in the side of the window frame and can actually leave a small gap at the top (between the screen frame and window... | [
"~~A portal in your closet~~ Spiders are pretty sneaky buggers. You need to think like a criminal, or a hacker. There are lots of holes in your home, even if it's elevated or new, such as (not exhaustive): vents, drains, windows, cracks, objects you bring home, doors without a floor shield, etc. And it doesn't help... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is there not a movement to ban junk mail that is equivalent to the movement that banned plastic straws? | [
"Straws make up a very small portion of \"how much waste\" that is created. The reason that they're the first target of bans is because they're the easiest. Seeing at how much people freaked out over the tiniest, most trivial, \"sacrifice\", we're fucked."
] | [
"Those deposits are set by law. Manufacturers fought every one of those deposits and when there is a proposal to increase the deposit manufacturers and industry councils lobby for governments to not increase the deposits. There is no reason for lack of deposit on non-beverage glass and metal and plastic containers,... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do you get better performance when playing a PC game in Windowed (Borderless) than you do in Fullscreen? | [
"What exactly are you referring to as performance? Just FPS? Typically that is not the case. Fullscreen is known for being better performance since it allows your computer to rest and not strain itself with the explorer.exe process. Hence why alt tabbing usually sucks when playing full screen. It could be possible... | [
"It depends on which fullscreen mode you're using. If you use borderless fullscreen. It's basically windowed mode without the border to fill up 100 & #37; of the screen space. In this case, everything on the desktop is kept in memory and you can switch back to it in an instant. If you use the real fullscreen mode, ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why do 78% of Americans live paycheque to paycheck? | [
"Wages are low, prices are high, and any progress you make can be wiped out in a day by an accident or illness."
] | [
"You just need to apply for a credit card and spend with it, but i can't stress this enough, don't spend more than you make. The last thing you want to do is to get into credit card debt, especially so early in life. And always pay your balance in full."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
What’s the difference between different sound file extensions like .mp3 vs. .wav? Is there any cost to converting from one to another? | [
"In some cases, the extensions indicate the container types and not necessarily what is in them. Most times, like in the example case, the extension indicates the types of CODEC (file compression) was used to reduce the audio. The [MP3 uses MPEG1 (or 2) Audio Level 3](_URL_1_) but the [WAV is a container type that ... | [
"When you burn an audio cd that can be played in a normal CD player, the audio files are not compressed. 80 min of uncompressed music is 700MB. MP3's are compressed files. They remove some data to make the file sizes smaller. But to play MP3's your CD player needs to know how to decode MP3 data. That why not all C... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why can't all plastics be recycled? | [
"It's all about cost. If you have pristine poly-carbonate packaging from a pharma factory that's been handled by skilled workers in a super clean factory - sure, that's easy to recycle for what it will sell for. On the other hand, if you've got a plastic straw from the rubbish bin of a McDonalds with smudge-proof l... | [
"It also depends on what country you live in. Something being recycleable doesn't necessarily mean it gets recycled, it just doesn't go into the landfill. Case in point: k-cups are now recyclable, but they're recycled right into an incinerator."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
If blood is circulated only in veins, then why do you bleed of any part of your body is cut? | [
"Because blood isn't moving just through the veins. There are other types of blood vessels, too. The ones that reach every part of your body are called \"capillaries\", and they're basically really tiny blood vessels that are present pretty much everywhere in your body. Your veins and arteries are much larger, whic... | [
"Your nose is full of blood vessels which helps the air that goes into your nose to get humidified by giving warmth from the blood vessels to a degree which does not irritate your lungs, because your body's internal environment is somewhat warmer than the rest. Your body can not form scar tissue due to bleeding, us... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does an Anti-Thef system knows if an item's bar code was scanned or not, which makes it goes off(if the thing wasn't scanned)? I feel like there is something more than scanning some lines and *poof* no alarm | [
"From what I know the thing that triggers the alarm gets destroyed by a strong magnetic field that is built into the cash desk."
] | [
"bracelet has constant communication with a base station. The bracelet also detects that it is closed, any action of opening or cutting the bracelet will open the circuit and signal the base station. Blocking the signal will also be taken as a reportable event. I suspect you could get around it by jumping the loop ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is a bond? I'm looking into getting a peddlers license and it says theres a 2000 dollar bond, and I have no idea on what that is | [
"A bond is, essentially, a check, that someone holds so that they can cash it if you owe them money and aren't able to pay. Bonds are issued by a group called a surety. The surety puts the bond up for you, and you pay a premium to the surety. I'd guess the premium for a $2000 bond would be on the order of $100 or s... | [
"if you declare bankruptcy ... you will also have to go through a phase called \"liquidation of assets\" when your assets are sold/auctioned off and the proceedings are use to pay off part of the debt, in the US, this goes for both persons or companies sorry I'm too lazy to explain it all. I hope others will chime ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
What happens when our brains "zone out" | [
"A special collection of brain regions becomes active to focus our attention inward - this collection is called the default mode network (DMN). Meanwhile, other brain areas, used to focus on things happening around you, become less active. The DMN has essentially taken over. Source: I teach biopsychology and just c... | [
"We have a part of our brain called the prefrontal cortex. this part of our brain is a big part of what separates us from animals. Parts of the prefrontal cortex are \"supposed\" to go to sleep when you do. When they don't you get lucid dreams."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Psychology:"
} |
How are we able to get such crisp pictures of astronomical objects, when the earth is constantly moving and destabilizing the image? | [
"I mean while we're constantly moving (and at a pretty snappy pace), the objects we're photographing are so far away that relative to us they seem relatively static over short time periods - just like when you're in the car driving and the Moon seems to stay in the same place in the sky no matter how fast the car g... | [
"Stars and planets are absolutely visible from space. We have an entire [space telescope](_URL_0_) that would be useless if this were not true. But I think what you're talking about are pictures taken from space of the Earth or the moon or a space station or an astronaut, and there's no stars behind them. That's a ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Crude oil is black, but gasoline is clear. What is the black stuff, and where does it go during the refining process? | [
"Crude oil depending on where in the world it was extracted, is anywhere from a dark brown, to an almost golden color. _URL_0_ The darker the color, generally the thicker it is, and the more sulfur it has. Light sweet is just that, light in color and apparently tastes sweet. Thicker and sour crude oil has more sul... | [
"The price of petroleum is based on the cost of extraction and distribution. The consumer price of motor oil is based on what customers will pay. These two prices are independent of one another. Also, petroleum isn't the same as 'gas'. You use different 'fractions' of crude oil to produce different types of product... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Economics:"
} |
How do dryer sheets work? | [
"Dryer sheets are used to counteract the static charge that builds up from the friction of the clothes and the dryer. When you shuffle your feet on a carpet and then touch a doorknob, you might generate a little static electricity and get a shock. It has to do with electrons shifting around in the different materia... | [
"Are you asking how a wheel works ?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why is it useful to understand the Greek idea that Gods are a personification of human emotions, personality, etc? | [
"It would depend on your definition of “useful.” It might be helpful in understanding the mentality of people from times past. It would certainly be important in understanding the history of religion, or possibly cultural history. I’ll also add that the way you worded the question makes it seem like you were told i... | [
"Monotheists (mono = 1) believe in 1 god-spirit animating or standing apart from the universe. Examples: Christianity, Islam, Judaism. Polytheists (poly = many) believe in many gods animating the universe's events. Examples: Hinduism, some variants of Christianity where Mary and other saints are venerated as demigo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does _URL_0_ work? I find it is very accurate; the thunder projection is almost always spot on, but i don't get how they can detect lightning. | [
"There are lots of antennas that are registered with _URL_0_ Those antennas detect lightning by means of picking up their electromagnetic waves they create when lightning occurs. If you get an AM radio, you can do the same by tuning it to the lowest frequency and listen for the static that happens when lightning st... | [
"How do you know it is simulating it properly? It imagines what you think it should be, but it isn't like you really know."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Psychology:"
} |
Is it true that baling wet hay after a frost won't start on fire vs baling wet hay after rain will? If so, what makes the difference? | [
"The percentage of water moisture in the hay. Frost is very little actual water and just on the top whereas a typical rain will wet all the hay. The amount of water determines if the hay dries (no problem) or if there is enough moisture that the hay will begin to decompose (problem). The decomposition is what crea... | [
"Don't worry, you're not seeing waste, its perfectly normal. You're seeing the corn plant, not the corn ear. The plant dries down and turns brown before the grain moisture gets low enough to harvest and store. If you harvest corn while its wet and store it, it will rot. What you're seeing is perfectly normal. Most ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
why are plastic bottles such a hot topic for pollution but glass bottles are never mentioned? Is glass better for the environment? | [
"Something that hasn't been mentioned yet is what happens to glass vs plastic in the wild. Glass gets broken down until it is basically a little rock. Because it is heavy, it sinks in water quickly and does not get eaten by anything, and even if it does get eaten it is effectively just a sharp rock and so it gets p... | [
"Just the fact is doesn't say it is recyclable doesn't mean it isn't. It could be that the bottle is recyclable, but the manufacture didn't communicate it. Look up the material the bottle is made from. Most food grade plastic is either PET or PE plastics, both of which are recycled in most Western countries. Also, ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do observations of early history of universe work? Most of the times it is mentioned that light emitted 10-13 billion years ago is being observed. But doesn't it fly against the 'big bang' theory? | [
"One part of the Big Bang Theory is Expansion. Early after the explosion of matter, spacetime unfolded rapidly, because it was no longer being warped by all of the matter sitting in one place. That spacetime didn't just unfold around the freshly exploded matter, it unfolded in between stars and gas clouds. This ess... | [
"The universe continues to expand. Distant objects we see today were much closer to us when the light we are currently seeing was emitted. Those objects are now more distant due to expansion. Just as a note, if your interpretation were correct, the radius would be 13.8 billion years, not 6.9, since light 13.8 billi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about astronomy:"
} |
Why does food that’s hot taste so different to the same thing cold? | [
"Answer. Taste is a combination of your sense of smell and your taste buds. For example, if you are blindfolded and hold your nose, you cannot tell the difference between bbq sauce and ketchup. When food is hot, there is more of a smell that comes off of it. Pizza being a good example, the meat, cheese and sauce le... | [
"Well, it's a matter of expectations. And it's not a matter of liquid vs solid. If you drink a room temperature Pepsi, it will seem warm, because you're used to it being served cold. If you have a coffee at room temperature it will seem cold because you're used to it being served hot. I am sure you've eaten potato ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Language and culture:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Language and culture:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
what are flies doing when they buzz around you but dont land? | [
"Flying around because it’s fun as hell. Looking for food. Looking for fly coochie. Trying to avoid spiders. I spent a summer as a fly in France. It was pretty neat. Wouldn’t want to do it again though."
] | [
"It's because of the vibration of their wings. Flies can make a lot of noise too, but they don't go near your head to bite you at night."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Inspired by recent meme on r/steam, How does verifying the cache of a steam game (TF2, CS:GO, etc) solve so many problems that could be lengthy fixes? | [
"To explore what cache verification does, it's important to be passingly familiar with a particular concept in computer science: that of the *checksum.* A file's checksum, briefly, is a small piece of data that a computer can create by looking at the ones and zeroes that make it up. A checksum, then, is sort of lik... | [
"Well steam has no quality assurance at all, you can purchase games with actual money which do no even contain .exe files. Malware HAS been sold in the platform before."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why do larger species of fish have darker meat than smaller species of fish? | [
"White meat = fast twitch muscles which are used for short bursts of energy. Dark meat = slow twitch muscles which have myoglobin (that’s why it’s dark) and are used for sustained swimming, long periods of activity. Most small fish only use short bursts of energy, whereas larger fish are swimming for longer periods... | [
"From what I've read here people are on track but not quite getting it. The responder talking about the colors of the environment is accurate for reef fish, but that doesn't explain open water. Like Mahi. The reason that a lot of the fish are so vibrantly colored is because they are schooling fish. They are bright ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do astronauts shower? | [
"Astronauts on the ISS don't actually shower like we do on Earth with running water. They basically take towel bathes. They use liquid soap and a little water on the skin, scrub with a towel, and then wipe once more with a wet towel to \"rinse\". For hair, they use rinseless shampoo and a little water, and use eith... | [
"They need to exercise everyday to make sure their muscles don’t waste in the weightlessness of space. Take a look at Scott Kelly’s daily routine during his year in space."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
What is the “black web?” How is it different from the regular web and how do you access it? Does it look different? | [
"If you have email you have used the dark web. It’s basically websites and information that is not indexed by search engines."
] | [
"Technically, the deep web is anything that isn't directly indexed by a search engine. The summary of an article may be indexed and easy to read, but if the site then asks you to pay or register to read the full article, then that article is part of the \"deep web\", because you can't get to it directly. If you nee... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What is a sourcecode? | [
"The \"source code\" of a program or application is just what it sounds like: the original code that a programmer wrote to create the program or application."
] | [
"See this post: _URL_0_ It has a definition for basically every type of road."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do blankets and other objects keep us warm? How do they produce heat? | [
"They don’t produce heat. But your body produces tons of heat and the blanket keeps it close to your body rather than letting it disperse into the air. Electric blankets do produce heat. But that’s different."
] | [
"Water conducts much better, carrying heat away from your body. That's largely how your brain decides how warm or cold something is."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:"
} |
How can bugs crawl on the ceiling? I understand they might have really good grip, but does the blood not rush to their head? | [
"Bugs do not have a circulatory system that works the same as ours at all. They really only have a heart and a single aorta going from the back end to the front and then their \"blood\" just circulates freely through them amongst the other organs back to the rear to be pulled in by the heart again. But that's not t... | [
"I had no clue. Looked it up. They fly normally, lift their front legs over their head and grab the ceiling, then flip the rest of the body up. Then they have sticky glue secreted on their feet to stick. Study showed the walk using three legs so they don't have to work so hard to dislodge all of their feet when wal... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
The saying goes “never add water to acid”. How come your stomach acid does not react when you drink water? | [
"You don't want to add water to acid because some strong acids can react violently to the water, heating it quickly and causing it to boil, splashing acid out of the container. In the stomach there is both no danger of the acid splashing out, and also the acid employed in the stomach simply isn't that strong so the... | [
"the theory is that it will cause indigestion somehow. likely due to the milk being basic and the OJ being acidic. if you ever mix them in a cup you will see the milk curdle. but when you consider that your stomach is literally filled with acid all the time it doesn't make much sense."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How is the Gold Standard a fiat currency, and how does Gold Standard currency go through inflation? | [
"The gold standard can be thought of as a fiat currency because, like a normal fiat currency, gold only has value because we say it does. Gold has no more intrinsic value than aluminum (under Napoleon, aluminum was more valuable than gold)"
] | [
"Under a gold standard, there are two prices of gold: the market price and the standard price The standard price is set by the government, and is usually the floor price of gold The market price is whatever buyers can get on the open gold market When the financial system is stable, the standard price and the market... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
why is it that some features (like a GPS) are bought once while others (like in car wifi) need subscriptions, when they both use satellites? | [
"GPS is operated by the government. WiFi needs a internet provider which needs money to maintain the network."
] | [
"Plenty of them do, they're normally sold as attachments called aircards, because most people don't require that feature (and it costs monthly fees, which people don't like in their laptops)."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
What causes animals to die of old age? | [
"The cells in your body are constantly replicating themselves and then dying off. Your hair and nails are made of these dead cells (and that's why your hair and nails grow). However, every time a cell replicates, it's not exactly perfect. There's a piece of the cell that acts almost like a timer. Every time the cel... | [
"They manage to live so long because the important parts of their bodies do not become weak with age, as in the case of humans and birds. In fact, they continue to grow very, very slowly for as long as they live. Their body does not need much energy to survive. Slow metabolisms AND a slow, sedentary lifestyle means... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How come Google-translate is so bad when everything else google does works so well? | [
"It’s absurdly good, machine translation was thought of as impossible magic that would never get even this good. Language translation requires a deep understanding of two or more languages in a way a machines are normally totally without."
] | [
"Different people like different things, but the Google homepage is simple and streamlined. Look at Yahoo's homepage. It is a cluster of links that personally annoys me. Bing just seems like more of an afterthought to try and keep MS relevant. It works pretty well for some things, but isn't as good at finding exac... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If a neutrino is hypothetically stopped and observed, how could the flavour be determined? | [
"The way you pose the question is a bit confusing so I'll clarify that oscillation refers to the probability of measuring the neutrino to be a certain flavour. It happens no matter what speed the neutrino is moving. If it didn't, that would be a violation of special relativity. The problem with a neutrino at rest i... | [
"So far we have never found a tachyon. However if we did, there would be no way to determine if the tachyon was a particle being absorbed from the future or being emitted towards the future."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Physics:"
} |
How do places like Churches or MacDonald's avoid losing internet over illegal download copyright strikes from ISP's due to random folks who use their net? | [
"I had no idea that churches had wifi. & #x200B; But any big company will have a specific type of networking that disallows connection until a browser is opened to a specific webpage(usually it will open if you are connected and haven't been there yet) that is a ToS saying \"We are not responsible for dumb shit an... | [
"For the legal ones it's easy, he just never gives them permission for the streaming rights. They are not able to put the music on there site without an agreement with the artist or record company. For the illegal ones he has likely contacted out to an company that monitors illegal sites and serves them DMCA notice... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
My modem is experiencing “T3 timeouts” and the condo building I live in is “noisy” as far as my connection goes. Why is this causing disconnects from game servers? | [
"a T3 timeout is your modem saying \"screw this, I can't keep my connection stable. Maybe if I reconnect and renegotiate I'll get a better connection\". When that happens, the modem has no connection between it and the cable head end and thus no internet connection. I'd complain to building management or whoever is... | [
"The cell phone tower's antenna is much more powerful than your phones antenna. You will most often be able to receive data in worse locations than you can send it. After a short while, the cell tower realizes it isn't getting any data from you, and tells both your phones the call was lost."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:"
} |
Is "yawning because of boredom" a cultural thing that is (unintentionally) taught to us or is it natural? And why? | [
"As far as i know, yawning has the intention of causing to awaken you to some degree. It causes a lot of your muscles to tense/activate and the big breather you do is meant to get more oxygen into your system. I could imagine due to your inactivity when bored, your body is thinking that you're tired, or your body w... | [
"My best guess would be that laughter is sort of built in to the human brain, almost like instinctual, like crying when you're sad or screaming when you are in pain, and isn't taught to you. Basically because it's built in it isn't affected nearly as much by a persons ethnicity or location as their language is. For... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Psychology:"
} |
- Why does asking someone to help us choose between things help us to solidify our answer, even if it is not the choice that the other person suggested? | [
"You're probably already leaning toward one answer. If they agree with you, it reaffirms that you made the right choice. If they disagree with you, but you disagree with their reasoning, that can again reaffirm you made the right choice. If they disagree with you, and manage to convince you of their reasoning, your... | [
"Imagine you applied for a job, but instead of offering you the job you wanted, they offered you a lower position. - As an idealist, you would reject the offer, with the rationale that you would eventually find the job you wanted. - As a pragmatist, you would accept the job, with the rationale that it's better than... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why do some animal's horns (such as rams) grow long enough to get pierce right in the face? | [
"\"Nature\" isn't an intelligent entity. The ram's horns grow in such a way that normally they don't become a problem, or at least don't prevent the ram from breeding. But if it does then that ram's genes don't reach the next generation and the result will be fewer rams which have their horns grow in such a way."
] | [
"A symmetrical set of antlers are called typical, as opposed to a set of non typical which are not symmetrical. Antlers are \"shed\" and regrow every single year, a mature rocky mountain elk can grow 1 1/2\" in mass a day during the peak. What trips me out about antlers... during the antler growth they're covered i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why does one violin sound raspy but multiple violins sound soft? | [
"It has to do with the sound and the way it moves. If you get one, you hear all the imperfections. If you get a group, the sound molds together so all the little imperfections get drowned out and you just hear a single note as opposed to scratches everywhere"
] | [
"Because the sound you're hearing is sound coming out of a round chamber. When the glass fills with water, the size of the chamber changes, so the pitch changes. Large chamber, low pitch. Small chamber, high pitch. It's why digieridoos are deep and rumbly while ocarinas are high pitched and whiny."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:"
} |
why is there an alligator loose in Chicago? | [
"Because people are idiots. More than likely, someone thought the idea of a croc was cool, got themselves a baby and, when it grew up and got big, they dumped it."
] | [
"a better question would be who thinks it's a good idea to go to times square on NYE at this stage?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why do some food and drink products state on the back to eat or drink it within one week or one month of opening? | [
"the inside of the bottle is sterile when it's sealed at the factory, and opening it exposes the inside to the bacteria in your home. If the food is suitable for growing bacteria, it will go bad soon after the bacteria is introduced, but would be fine if the bacteria were never introduced in the first place. This i... | [
"Unless a product has been stored in extremes of temperature, pretty much everything is good to eat until the expiration date. Keep in mind that many fresh products (like meat and dairy) may be labeled with sell by dates, not expiration dates."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Are there any restrictions on the world’s richest people and how they could spend their money? For instance are they allowed to just buy out an entire city companies and just fire everyone for the sake of causing chaos in the economy? | [
"It depends on where you live and where you plan to use your money that way. Some countries have more laws than other about what people are allowed to do with their own money. Many countries have laws that in theory should prevent people from creating a monopoly or acting in ways that negatively affect society as a... | [
"Without a place for the rich to invest their money, what would they do with it? Hoard it? Buy a million mansions? The stock market is one of the most beneficial things a rich person can use their money for, building successful companies that have investments to be able to hire the common people and pay them a wage... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
The differences between method and methodology | [
"Comic response: Undergraduates who want to sound more intelligent say 'methodology' rather than 'method' Correct response: A method described the apparatus, procedure, etc. of a single study. A methodology is an established set of apparatus, procedures, etc. that are regularly used in similar studies."
] | [
"See this post: _URL_0_ It has a definition for basically every type of road."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
If seemingly nobody agrees with the current drinking age of alcohol being 21 in the USA, why is it still illegal and taboo? | [
"It's a cultural thing. America had a strong temperance movement wich lead to the prohibition. This was later removed again but drinking was still seen as problematic by many so they made this strict age limit. If really a majority was for a reduced drinking age, and would be loud about it, it would get changed. I ... | [
"If I remember correctly (I could be wrong) it actually had to do with the federal government strongarming the state government. In 1984, there was a National Minimum Drinking Age Act, which basically said that if the states didn't comply? They would lose a chunk of their funding for building highways. This would h... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about History:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer about History:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why is Pi irrational? What is it about the properties of a circle that causes its circumference to never be a precise ratio of its diameter? | [
"Here's another way to look at it. Rational numbers are ones that end with an infinite series of zeros (2.4000000...), or an infinite series of repetitions (0.1428571428571428571̅4̅2̅8̅5̅7̅.....). Now, what is the chance that any value, chosen at random, would end in an infinite pattern? Effectively zero. So you wo... | [
"Pi is the ancient Greek \"P\" letter. A lot of mathematical and physics symbols use letters from ancient Greek as there is not enough letters in the Latin alphabet to avoid confusion. Pi stands for \"perimeter\" as it is the ratio of the perimeter of a circle to its diameter. The Latin letter p is usually used to ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How does the DMAS (divide first then multiply then add then subtract) hold true in real word physics and situations? | [
"This choice has no effect on the real world. It just allows people to communicate mathematics to each other unambiguously. It's a bit like wondering if the order of the alphabet is important. Well no, not really."
] | [
"Both. Sometimes a look-up table is employed. Most of the time, however, it calculates the answer based on some pre-programmed approximation. This approximation function is accurate to within the hardware accuracy of the computer. (ie 32-bit systems will be less accurate than 64-bit systems, but both output an iden... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Mathematics:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about Mathematics:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why were animals so much bigger in the ancient past? | [
"[_URL_0_](_URL_0_) according to this we had bigger insects because of a higher oxygen concentration. they actually had to to avoid oxygen poisoning."
] | [
"I don't know if it has been scientifically proven, but several other cultures have stories referring to a great flood that happened at around the same time period as Noah's."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When and why did humans take up meat in their diet if a plant life is sustainable? | [
"As near as we can tell, human started eating meat regularly long before we became modern humans, and sometime after our ancestors evolved an upright gait. This made us more efficient runners, and allowed us to hunt animals by chasing them until they were exhausted and could no longer run or effectively fight. At t... | [
"Hunter-Gatherers had much healthier teeth than we do now. Think about why our teeth are in poor condition. Most of the time it is because of sugars and carbohydrates. That was never really an issue until they transitioned from hunting-gathering to farming."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Do baby hairs on our hairlines grow to full length if we let it grow? And why do they exist? | [
"No they don't. Everyone has hair all over their body, but on some places you have more hair and thicker than other places. This has to do with evolution. Now can someone explain evolution in ELI5?"
] | [
"Hairs don't stop at a maximum length, they just fall out when they've grown for a certain amount of time. Then a new hair starts growing in it's place. So the maximum length of a hair is the amount of time it can grow before being shed times its growth rate. If you have a dog or a cat you might have noticed that i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Biology:"
} |
Why is signal strength halved/doubled for every 3 dB of attenuation? | [
"This is a dimensionless measure of power/intensity. It is a ratio of a signal level (power typically) to a reference level. It is a logarithmic scale. A decibel is one tenth of a bel. A difference of 1 bel means a ratio of 10:1. So a measure of 0 dB means the signal is at the reference level. 10db = 1 bel is 10 ti... | [
"Signal strength is best discussed in terms of power, and most times you don't really care what the impedance is, but rather the power you started with and the power you end up with. That power gain or loss is most conveniently analyzed in the relative logarithmic scale of decibels (dB). The logarithmic scale lets ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What exactly is mental stamina and how does it work? | [
"It's also called \"mental toughness\". It's the ability to carry on doing something difficult or painful, when you feel you are out of strength. It's pushing through the mental or physical pain. To endure it and come out the other side feeling stronger and better. It's to not give up in the face of adversity. The ... | [
"Because many people forget to breathe when they are doing this kind of exercise. That's really all there is to it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What happens when our body parts “fall asleep”? | [
"It's due mostly to nerves, not loss of blood. > We've got nerves running through our bodies that act as lines of communication between the brain and the other body parts, transmitting commands from the brain and relaying sensory information back to it for processing. With a \"sleeping\" limb, your nerves are goin... | [
"> The body is so relaxed I feel like peeing should just happen. Your body instinctively tightens the muscles which shut your bladder when you sleep, because peeing in your bedding can lead predators to your home. These days it just ruins your linens, but there you go."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why is the driver's seat on a north american boat on the right side? | [
"Because the \"right of way\" rules for boats are international, and they are \"yield to other boats on your right\". So sitting on the right gives you a better view to make sure you avoid a collision when it's your responsibility to turn to avoid one."
] | [
"There no 50/50 requirement! Why the hell would it matter? Most European cars have on the passenger side for safety -- if one runs out on side of road the fill door is curb side. For convenience at gas pump, many American cars put on driver side. Japanese cars' tanks would be on passenger side in Japan (drive oppos... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do ulcers in my mouth taste metallic? | [
"If i had to guess, it would be the blood coming from the ulcer, even if in small amounts/not actively bleeding. Blood tastes metallic due to iron content"
] | [
"They are mouth ulcers. People can get them from too much stress, an oral injury like by brushing their teeth too hard or from braces, lack of Vit B12, Folic Acid, and Iron, and by eating certain foods, etc. They aren't contagious like cold sores."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why is everyone blaming the "boomers" for today's economy? | [
"To add to what others had said, they created a tax policy that incentivized outsourcing jobs and paying workers as little as possible while shifting as much of the money and profits as possible to the already-wealthy investors. They decreased the funding for government research & development that helped the US be ... | [
"Here's what I learned from this thread: - Life wasn't really that good anyway - It's my own fault for not saving - My standards are higher than people back then - We have too many bills now - Women joined the workforce - The politicians did it - The jobs went overseas - Corporate executives are taking more money t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
In the UK, under the equality act 2010, you cant discriminate someone when they apply for a job under protected characteristics, so example, if someone has no arms and applies for a office job and dont get it can they sue for discrimination even if they physically cant do the job ( because no arms) | [
"No. For one thing, there may be ways in which a person with no arms can actually do an office job, with prostheses, or voice-control, or what have you. But leaving that aside, the law does not allow people to sue for discrimination when they are rejected for a job they can't do. The law states: & #x200B; \\ > A p... | [
"It's usually a condition of employment. So before an employee starts work on their first day they'll be told \"your job will have access to sensitive information. In order to work for us you must sign a Non Disclosure Agreement. If you are not willing to sign the offer of employment will be withdrawn\". I've worke... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If our bodies run on ATP and we can "replenish" that ATP from eating alone, why do we need to sleep to feel refreshed? | [
"sleep isn't for collecting energy, it's for cleaning up chemical buildup in your brain (which is why you can't think right) and your muscles (which is why you feel fatigued)"
] | [
"You still need, at the very least, both fat and protein in your diet. I'm not certain, but while researching ketosis/ low carb diets (by no means an expert), I didn't come across anything about fat being turned into protein. Protein, however, can be processed into carbs. Some few cells in your body must have carbs... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
how come when you get stabbed, at first you don’t feel anything? I heard it feels more like getting punched and you only notice until later. What causes you feel this? | [
"Adrenaline is the number one hormone, when tensions are high you are temporarily unable to feel pain. This allows you to fight or run from whatever is attacking you. As you calm down, the level of adrenaline falls and you feel pain again and you notice you've been stabbed or shot"
] | [
"It is a very hard thing to explain. I have a high pain tolerance. I can shove a needle into my hand easy. I do feel the pain, but it doesn't phase me and kinda tickles. I also just don't feel any pain with tattoos. It more than likely is different for the next person with high pain tolerance. Some might even just ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How does cruise control work? | [
"The rate at which fuel is pumped into the engine adjusts the speed of the vehicle. This is done through a valve that can be adjusted to allow more or less fuel in. That valve has two possible ways to open it. One is connected to the accelerator pedal which the driver presses. The further the pedal is pressed, the ... | [
"Are you asking how a wheel works ?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how jumping in to water from a high place is a suicide | [
"When you hit water at high speed, it’s no longer soft and doesn’t flow around you. The force it applies back to the body is very large, so the impact you get is more or less the same as hitting concrete. The upper limit to survive a fall into water is around 75m. That results in a ~95% fatality rate."
] | [
"for me I can’t reach so when someone else does it it’s like the forbidden scratch and therefore good"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Tuition Reimbursements and what it entitles. | [
"It'll vary from company to company. In your example, your company will pay 100% of your tuition up to a maximum of $9000. So if you spend $1 or $9000 on tuition in a year and meet any other requirements such as grades/etc, they will reimburse you for 100% of that. If you spend $15000 on tuition in one year, they'l... | [
"Apply to the IRS for 501(c)(3) status -- nonprofit organization."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why is bacon so different from the rest of the pig? | [
"Bacon is cured and often smoked. The curing and smoking process dramatically alters the flavour of the meat. If you smoked and cured a pork chop it would taste a lot like bacon (though it has less fat so it would be dry and tough, which is why we don't do this to chops or leaner cuts of meat)."
] | [
"Related question: What color is human meat when it is cooked? Edit: cooked in the same manner as pork or beef or chicken or whatever"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why is a PIN more secure than a password in Windows 10? and why is considered a passwordless method? | [
"PIN is tied to the device One important difference between a password and a Hello PIN is that the PIN is tied to the specific device on which it was set up. That PIN is useless to anyone without that specific hardware. Someone who steals your password can sign in to your account from anywhere, but if they steal yo... | [
"It's a security measure in case the fingerprint is being forged somehow. The numeric unlock code is still considered the primary method of authenticating."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is there no large animal with more than 2 eyes but spiders have a lot of eyes? | [
"The last common ancestor of all vertebrates had two eyes and that's worked well enough. No mutation that gives more than two eyes has given a significant survival or reproductive advantage, so we've stuck with what works. The arthropod body plan is a bit more flexible when it comes to numbers of things. You can ha... | [
"We do. Multi and compound eyes exist on many insects and maybe some marine life. Multi appendages exist all over. Prehensile tails, spiders, crabs shrimp, octopus, starfish and countless insects have multiple legs or arms. Primates are sort of the mutants in that we changed a pair of feet into hands. Whales and se... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Biology:"
} |
Why do tortoises live so long? | [
"They have extremely slow natural processes. No real fear of predator also means no rush to pump out babies, slowing things down even further. No offense, but I personally didn't know the answer to this question, so I literally just searched \"Who do tortoises live so long\" into google and regurgitated the info ba... | [
"As compared to what? Compared to a fly, dogs live for ages. Compared to tortoises, humans die quickly. It all depends on perspective."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why does the nose burn easier in the sun? Is it really because it is 1 inch closer to the sun? | [
"It's because the sunlight is hitting it flat instead of at a really steep angle, so you're getting more energy per square inch. There's no useful difference between 92.96 million miles and 92.96 million miles + one inch. Now, you would burn easier on top of a mountain because there's significantly less atmosphere ... | [
"If it's hot enough to burn other parts of the body, it'll burn your mouth, too. In fact it'll probably burn your mouth easier than other parts of the body."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
at the molecular level what is the difference between a dominant gene and a recessive gene? What makes the dominant gene dominant and the recessive gene recessive? | [
"It depends, but in a simple case if it takes multiple pieces to make the the final time e.g multiple protein \"subunits\" to make a \"protein-complex\" then if any of them are defective, the whole thing doesn't work. Think of car tires where one or two of the four tires is flat (from the mutant gene) and the other... | [
"All humans do share a similar ancestry, but there's a difference between two people having similar DNA and two people's genetic code being almost exactly the same. Edit: to answer your question more specifically as to how inbreeding actually causes birth defects, you probably learnt at one point that there are dom... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Biology:"
} |
Why does the planet Venus rotate in the opposite direction than most other planets in the solar system? | [
"We believe it had suffered a massive impact with a Mars sized object which was so devastating, at the right angle, and with enough energy, that it reversed it's rotation. During the formation of the solar system, we were a cloud of dust and gas. Over time, gravity caused that dust to clump together. This doesn't h... | [
"One solar day is the time it takes the planet to perform 1 full revolution on its axis. The real question should be why do planets revolve on their axis at different rates."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why do restaurants bother serving free bread/chips etc.? | [
"They're small, cheap things that give you something to eat while waiting for your food. If you're hungry, you're more likely to be impatient, making you think that your food is taking too long to arrive."
] | [
"It is to make you buy more drinks. They are salty, which makes you thirsty, which makes you more likely to order more drinks. That is why bars will have nuts, pretzels, and other salty things."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do Bluetooth and Wifi use the same frequencies? | [
"Because the FCC is who allows you to transmit over the air, they allow manufacturers to make devices that transmit in certain bands depending on what the device does. WiFi and Bluetooth are relatively new technologies, before this the 2.4 GHz band was considered useless because it couldn't travel very far and was ... | [
"What exactly do you refers to as RF devices? Is it Radio Frequency? If that is the case Bluetooth would be included as it is a Radio Communication."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
So what exactly is the connection between Nazism and the composer Richard Wagner? | [
"Wagner wasn’t a Nazi, because he died in 1883, before Hitler was even born. But in his time, Wagner was a virulent anti-Semite. Hitler and the Nazi Party loved Wagner, however, and the composer and his beliefs conflated with Nazism and anti-Semitism. [BBC source ](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"How well regarded are the writings of Joseph Campbell by historians?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why does the heart rate that initially speeds up with exercise later slow down during the same exercise pace? | [
"This is a good question, your heart rate spikes and then settles down but is still elevated for exercise. So, when you start exercising your body doesn't \"know\" how it is going to go, so in our lizard brains we are thinking \"I might need a serious burst of speed to avoid a predator\". Your heart rate spikes to ... | [
"No matter how much training a person does, there are still periods of rest and recovery during that training. No one has an elevated blood pressure level for a solid 8 hours, no matter how much training they do. Another factor: training elevates your heart rate, making the heart stronger. Elevated blood pressure ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why do horses have horse shoes | [
"Wild horses untouched by man didn't have to walk on paved roads or other hard man-made surfaces"
] | [
"Why do you have so many lips and chins?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:"
} |
If Ethernet cable can transfer so much data, why not use this instead of HDMI and other cables for data. | [
"It's not really so much data. Video is incredibly bandwidth intensive. The current HDMI specification allows 48 gigabits of bandwidth. Most consumer Ethernet hardware is Gigabit Ethernet with occasionally 10 Gigabit. Much less than HDMI. While there exist higher speed Ethernet standards (25/50 and 40/100), they're... | [
"If you're talking about LAN connections then it will always be faster than a wireless connection as it is wired and transmits data without much interference. Even if you put wireless cards in your desktop or use laptops it will still be faster than phone using the same wireless connection because they have bigger ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does the US have squatters rights? | [
"Because it can be difficult to determine if they have a legal right to live there. Especially if they've been paying electric and water bills for a while. That's not something the police can just roll up and determine quickly. So they have to go argue it in court, but in the meantime they're allowed to remain on t... | [
"Because Canada does not benefit from that. Why do you think Canada *should* have the same size military as the US?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
My custard/failed ice cream has been in the freezer for over 48 hours and is still liquid. How? | [
"When you add sugar it keeps a chunk (about a fifth) of the water from freezing... in short it lowers the freezing point of your mix. Crank up (err .. down) your freezer a few degrees, or add some more milk to balance out the sugar."
] | [
"My understanding is that the primary thing that gives Ice cream its consistency (besides a good fat content) is the air that is whipped into it during freezing. A basic ice cream maker has blades to slowly blend air into the mix as it freezes. This gives the ice cream a nice smooth and soft consistency. When it me... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why does nausea negate discomfort from high heat? | [
"Heat exhaustion can itself cause nausea. Are you sure you weren't heat strokin' out there? Your body automatically vomits when it's under sufficient stress because it can't really be sure exactly why all the levels are so off. Evacuating the system makes sure that you're not further poisoned if it was food related... | [
"Follow-up question: would suppressing your immune system with sleep deprivation and binge drinking improve your symptoms?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How do public buses work? | [
"Traffic engineers plot the route. Estimate number of people, how many buses goes where; and what time. The bus driver has a route, typically the same route every day, typically the sign stays the same. For instance, you might be going to your bank job 3 miles away, but you get on the bus that says “to regional med... | [
"It's a big system. It also carries a bit from state to state. Are you interested in the application process? Policy? Logistics?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How do university admissions offices determine the validity of GPAs and transcripts for homeschooled students? | [
"It depends on the type of homeschooling. Many are online programs that are just completed in home as opposed to in a school. So there are still standard tests that are taken to prove competency within the various subjects. Many of these tests are online proctored via webcam to prevent cheating and outside resource... | [
"You have preschool, kindergarten, then elementary school (grade 1-5 or 6), middle school (grade 5 or 6-8), and then high school. In high school, you are there for your 9-12th grade. By your 11th grade, you are expected to take either the SAT or ACT; depending on what college you're trying to get into. Universities... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do a lot of out of tune people singing together sound not out of tune? Or at least not as out of tune as compared to if they all sang as individuals. | [
"Your brain is good at understanding patterns, and what things are \"supposed to be.\" If one person does something wrong, your brain says \"that's wrong!\" but if multiple people are doing different things wrong then your brain can pick out the \"right\" parts of the singing and focus on that. If everyone sang som... | [
"The melody is the main part of the song, and what most people sing. Think of your basic happy birthday song: there is one accepted way to sing that, and that one way is the melody. The harmony are all the little extra side portions to the melody that make it sound that much better. Going back to the happy birthday... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
"Detergents that kills 99.9% of bacteria" - What is that 0.1% of bacteria and why is it surviving? | [
"A legal buffer so that if you do get a super germ, antibiotic resistant virus, etc you will not sue the company. Most of the time you are sterilizing everything you clean with it but if something gets through they can say it is not 100% effective."
] | [
"it doesn't necessarily kill bacteria. What it does is grab onto dirt and other bad things on your hand. Then it get's washed away by water along with the dirt. Antibacterial soap kills bacteria though by using some anti-biotic which is made into the soap. It has some sort of molecule that actively finds certain ba... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about Microbiology:"
} |
If we go to the stars and look with a telescope can we see dinosaurs in earth? | [
"If *we* go to the stars, no. It takes time to get there, and we'd be much too far away to see any detail like that. But as a thought experiment, aliens living in a different galaxy (call it 65 million light years away from us) with a magical telescope able to resolve detail from here would in fact see dinosaurs on... | [
"Those pictures are: * an artist's conception * a computer generated simulation base on what we can see from earth * another galaxy we think looks like ours As you point out, it is not possible for us to take a picture of our galaxy from the outside."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why do most guys wiggle their legs up and down rapidly while sitting? | [
"This isn't just a guy thing, I've seen many girls do it too. I don't know why we do it but I've heard some do it because of anxiety"
] | [
"It's not RLS. It's what is mostly referred to as \"nervous energy\" or hyperactivity. It is something I do but not always. I was a highly energetic child growing up. I loved rocking chairs. Even now, as an adult, when I'm lying in bed, if I don't fall asleep immediately, which often I do not, I am moving my feet f... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health:"
} |
Why can't the frezeer lower the temperature of the foods contiunaly? | [
"Freezers use evaporative cooling which exploits the heat of evaporation and the heat of condensation to transport heat against a temperature gradient. The properties of the coolant, and the power of the compression, determine how cold you can get something. Water, for example, is a great evaporative coolant for ... | [
"Mine alternates power and no power to cook stuff slower. some just use less power continuously."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do weapons get connected with old crimes? | [
"Ballistics can see if a gun matches a shot, so if you fire a bullet and they have a gun they can see if that gun was the one that shot that bullet (I don't know how) so if they find an illegal gun in some form they will find out if it shot any bulltes that know of. TLDR: You can see if a bullet comes from a specif... | [
"Maybe to add on to the question, was there a rise in certain types of crime that influenced whether or not someone hitchhiked?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How were we able to determine the proton/electron numbers of each element on the periodic table? | [
"Scientists actually worked backwards to discover this. The periodic table was created before we knew of the existence of protons and electrons. Initially elements were ordered and numbered by how much they weighed which roughly corresponds to the number of protons and neutrons in an atom, and various other factors... | [
"To add to the question - does the number of protons an atom have affect the conversion to pure energy? So what would it take to convert iron to pure energy compared to helium?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
why is there so much concern about humans overusing antibiotics, but so little with regard to animal feed and CAFOs? | [
"There is concern in agriculture. It's to the point that antibiotic-free meat is used as a marketing point. I've been in a bunch of restaurants (even chains like subway and Chipotle) where the menu and/or big signs in the windows advertise antibiotic-free meat."
] | [
"Not a medical or food professional, however this is what I understand. Aside from the organic movement thinking that GMOs and antibiotics are evil plants by the pharmaceutical industry and Monsanto to control our health and dependency, there actually is a good reason for why we should start cutting back on anti-b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What are the laws for if a man gets a women pregnant but wants to abort the child, but the mother refuses? Is the father still required to pay child support? | [
"In general, I think he would have to pay child support. You can give up rights (like custody), but you can't give up obligations (financial support for a kid you made). Edit: although it would be up to the mom whether she wants to take that issue to court and demand child support."
] | [
"John and Adam are in a relationship. They decide they want to have a child. John arranges a surrogate mother with Mary and she has the kid. John and Adam raise the kid for 3 years and Mary goes on to live her life normally. John and Adam hit a rough spot and decide to split up. Adam isn't biologically related to t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Law and Gender Equality:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Law and Gender Equality:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How can drummers/pianists have completely independent limbs/fingers? | [
"I've played drums for nearly 15 years. It all comes down to practice because your muscles need to know they can be independent of each other. Your brain needs to be able to differentiate the different muscles and actions that need to be performed at separate times, but you need to condition yourself to do it. Even... | [
"Most instruments have limits on the number of simultaneous notes (woodwinds and brass can do only 1, stringed instruments are limited to the number of strings). This is heavily limiting, so keyboard based instruments (pianos, harpsichords, synthesizers) can play many simultaneous notes, allowing chords and harmoni... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Is organic food a scam? | [
"Technically no. It is legit what it represents. The issue is farmers growing organically have to pay to have that certification. Some farmers don’t want to pay this so they grow organically but can’t advertise it as such."
] | [
"Fat food is cheap, healthy food is expensive."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does looking into bright light sources damage your eyes? | [
"The lens in your eye focuses the light entering your pupil onto your retina. The intensity of the focused light hitting your retina is therefore much higher than the intensity of the light when it first enters your eye. This concentrated light can therefore burn and damage your retina. & #x200B; It's sort of like... | [
"It MAY cause eye strain which could be a temporary annoyance, or cause a headache. But no long term damage can/will come of it. Simply put, your parents said that because if you were to close to the TV, it makes it harder for others to see."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
what's the difference between organic and inorganic molecules, and why is it important? | [
"Organic molecules or ones that contain and are based around carbon (although there are some molecules that contain carbon and aren't considered organic). On Titan, there's an abundance of simple hydrocarbons, which are organic compounds of carbon and hydrogen. There's predominantly methane (CH4, one carbon atom wi... | [
"Because they're descriptive! Carbon dioxide tells you there are two oxygens and one carbon Ethylmethylamine tells you you have one ethyl group, one methyl group, and an amine in the middle For many commonly used chemicals there are common names. Sodium bicarbonate is commonly known as baking soda. Potassium Chlori... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do they get the footage for ocean documentaries? | [
"There's an actual documentary of how the blue planet was made and how they shot everything. I remember that for the deep sea shooting they used a small submersible vessel and they went deep into the ocean. It was like an ocean car which was used to shoot the part in the dark. And here was light but it didn't scare... | [
"What color is the skin of most of the people who make and utilize those drawings? Theres your answer"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why is it that the average height for some countries are higher than others. For example asians are typically shorter.. | [
"A large portion of it is genetic. Specific ethnic groups tend to be taller or shorter. But diet is also a large factor. Take North and South Korea. They are the same general ethnic stock, but South Koreans tend to be noticeably taller than North Koreans because South Korea did not have prolonged famine like North ... | [
"Based on the surviving statues; no, humans have been pretty consistent in looks for the past few millennia. However people were a lot shorter then than now. For example, during the Napoleonic era, 5'7\"ish was considered the standard height for a grown man. I'm guessing during the Roman times they were even shorte... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Is there a reason the color blue doesn’t appear very often in nature? | [
"Maybe a bit late to answer, but I wanted to chime in with a different perspective: there is also a reason why *fruit* are rarely blue. It is because most fruit are acidic. I don’t know the exact biochemical link, but acidic things are more often redder and alkaline things are more often bluer."
] | [
"Both are popular colors that are are easily distinguished and have a good range of shades that are visible without being garish. A lot may have to do with the fact that they are on opposite ends of the visible spectrum."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why is there no homelessness assistance for bad credit? | [
"Landlords and property owners don’t really care about anyone’s personal circumstances. They care about whether or not a tenant will be a liability or a risk. They’re worried about protecting their property."
] | [
"Because they can't get in to a med school in their own country."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How is body fat distributed through the body and why is it distributed differently for each individual? What genetic/environmental/lifestyle factors come into play? | [
"Gender, age and genetics all play a major role in determining where our body decides to distribute our body fat and how much it decides to build up, but because of the many diverse factors like diets, activity levels and just general backgrounds, many people come in many sizes and shapes, and this makes it hard to... | [
"Hormones, especially androgens play a significant role in muscle development. The level of available androgens can depend on a lot of factors including race, genetics, life-style, food habits etc"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
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