query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Why are computer keyboards designed qwerty instead of abcdef? | [
"If you think of a writing machine, they had little sticks attached to the letters. You press a key, stick raises and hits the paper, comes back. Now, you need to distribute the letters in such a way that the most common letters are not side by side, or this can cause a trouble with the little sticks hitting each o... | [
"The numeric keypad on a keyboard or a calculator were designed first and probably ordered that way so that they'd be in proper numeric order (0-9 starting from the bottom). It's not really clear why they did it like they, they just kinda did. When Bell Labs designed the keypad for a telephone though, they did a bi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Technology:"
} |
Why is there so much clutter and loose wires on the International Space Station? Isn't it dangerous? Why don't they clean it up? | [
"Weight is everything. The more weight, the large rocket required. More money. The exposed wires are not dangerous. Adding weight for purely aesthetics (covering up) would be unreasonable."
] | [
"Don't you think it's important to see what's out in space? Stopping the shuttle program means that the leaders in America don't think space is worth exploring and are spending money to try to fix things here on earth. We might be stuck on Earth for much, much longer than we need to be- and Earth won't last forever... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What actually happens when a person gets sucked up by a tornado? | [
"generally they're pummeled to death by flying debris"
] | [
"Hopefully this isn't forbidden in the rules, but may I ask a question? Are there any urban legends which have been proven true? For instance, has there been a murder by gang members when an individual flashed their lights at a car one night? Did a scuba diver get sucked up in a fire fighting helicopter and plunge... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why the US majority vote in presidential elections matters if we have the electoral college. | [
"There is no point to the presidential popular vote but knowledge. It has no constitutional power."
] | [
"Most states award their electoral college delegates winner-take-all with no requirement that they hit 50+% of the vote total. So, unless this independent was so successful that they actually started winning states, it would look very similar to the 1992 and 2000 elections, where the winner simply has a plurality (... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about history:",
"pos": "Represent the post about history:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why when TV shows use computers do they use fake operating systems? | [
"Two reasons: 1. Product placement. Companies pay good money for movies and TV shows to show their products, so the shows' producers wouldn't want to \"give it away for free\". They would also wish to avoid any possible legal and business complications if by any chance the company doesn't like its products appearin... | [
"Something, something, something, symbolism, something, something, filmography buzzword. I honestly don't think there is any specific reason other than maybe making it simulate old terminals. Back in the days of command line, terminals were usually white text or green on black background. So it's just a throwback. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why does nobody play man to man defense in soccer? | [
"It's also not practical to cover all the space on the pitch. As a basic rule of thumb your team is compact on defense and expanded when you have the ball. Being compact in the space between you and your teammates allows the formation to hold more firm which provides cover to the immediate player pressuring the bal... | [
"People dont like when one team is always winning. In college football its Alabama. In pro its the Patriots."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Everyone seems to like Harry Potter, can someone explain to me what's good about it without giving spoilers? | [
"I don't even know what to say. Except that if you're calling yourself \"nerdy,\" you probably aren't."
] | [
"Because saying \"I really liked this one.\" isn't very helpful for other people to get an idea of whether or not they'd like it or not. If you say \"I liked this movie because it had a very compelling plot that asked moral questions about whether it is right for children to be tortured in a chocolate factory for m... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Do courts check if photographic/video evidence is real? If so how? | [
"There are various tests one can do that can help to determine if a photo has been manipulated, usually based on how much random noise or fuzz is present in the image. The idea is that an altered image will be cleaner than it should be in the area where it has been altered, though there is debate over whether or no... | [
"Yes. Despite what you see on CSI the police don't spend $100 million dollars in order to investigate every case of bubble-gum theft. Secondly our legal system is based on an adversarial process. If the state has evidence that it believes to be good evidence, then it will present it. The defendant can then question... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Did they ever (actually) open the safe? | [
"Not as of yet. The original poster of the thread is actually a friend of the person who lives in the place that houses the safe. The last news reported was that they were going to try and crack the safe themselves, rather than hiring a professional. The rationale behind this was that, because of the house's histor... | [
"Also, if I may ask, did this actually happen?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
why do electrical circuits make noise occasionally? | [
"Buncha weird answers here. Switch mode power supplies use a transistor to switch the current on and off through a coil of wire, generating different voltages which can be more useful for low voltage DC circuits. As this coil of wire is repeatedly energised and de-energised at a high frequency, causing a changing m... | [
"they use an electro magnetic field to “send” electricity over a small gap when electricity flows through a coil it creates a temporary magnetic field. when another coil enters this field, current will start flowing through it allowing a device to be charged wirelessly. hope that explains it well enough."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is having a high bypass ratio on a jet engine more efficient? | [
"The core of the engine has very high speed exhaust, it takes a relatively small quantity of air and speeds it up to high speed. This is a large change in momentum for a large amount of energy The bypass fan takes a large amount of air and speeds it up just a bit. This gives a large change in momentum but doesn't w... | [
"I'm not sure I understand your question. Do you mean that they can cover a longer distance on a single tank of fuel? If so, that's simply a function of the car being more fuel efficient at a slower speed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is a tesseract and how does it work? | [
"The tesseract is a 4 dimension hypercube. In simplest terms: * 2-D : Square * 3-D : Cube * 4-D : Tesseract According to Carl Sagan. To draw a cube, you draw a square and add 90 degree angles. To draw a tesseract, you add another 90 degree angles to the cube. You can't really \"see\" the tesseract because you are s... | [
"If you were two dimensional, how would I explain the third dimension to you?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why is a horse "without a leg, not a horse at all" if the leg would be required to have amputation, but animals like elephants are ok with prosthetics? | [
"Because some people put value on a a horse based on that horse's ability to make them money (referring to racehorses), which gets harder once they're so significantly injured and using a prosthetic. I don't know if they even make prosthetics for horses, and if not, WHY not, but I know many horses who have been in... | [
"we don't have nerves for our veins, we do for skin but not veins"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why is a zipper called a fly | [
"A fly refers to the overlapping segment of fabric that conceals the fastener, not the fastener itself. This is why both zippered pans and buttoned pants have flys."
] | [
"On the upside, there is a zero percent chance of catching the flesh of the penis in a zipper."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
If Rainbows are caused by how human's eyes perceive light, why are rainbows visible on video? | [
"Rainbows are a very real consequence of the interaction of light and water in the air. That is to say, they represent a physical reality. However, *vision* is the human perception of light, so a rainbow is only seen by the interaction of the actual physical phenomenon, and your perception of its results. Is that ... | [
"Light is refracted in the water droplets that make up the cloud until it bounces back out. Very similar to the reason snow is white too."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:"
} |
Why do we not feel food go down our bodies? | [
"You don't have touch receptors in your gastrointestinal tract. You can sense pressure and things gurgling around because of that, but not actual touch."
] | [
"It gives you the chance to hold something and breath without swallowing. Imagine if the substance was blood, poison, or saltwater: would you really want to swallow? By the same token, say your mouth is full of water and you try to breathe through your nose; do you want that water going into your lungs? It's all to... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why can we cross our eyes inwards but not out? | [
"Because there's no need for it. Some animal species use their eyes separately (they can look at different things with each eye). Humans don't. We look at the same thing with both eyes, and we use the slightly different view from both eyes to recreate 3D and estimate distances. Now, when we look at the same thing w... | [
"EIL5: Why can't I stop sitting with my legs crossed, even though it hurts my knees, and why does it hurt my knees?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does increasing torque increases traction? | [
"You're right! If a car has more power, thus more torque at a given RPM, then the only thing that will give it more traction is the design of the tire tread or an increase of the weight of the car. So, if a car is driving on a slippery road (say uphill), a less powerful car will not tend to slip more than a more po... | [
"In addition to what others have said, lower gears give you more mechanical advantage, which can far outweigh the engine being off peak."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does the college football bowl system work? What determines which teams get into which bowls?? | [
"The various conferences sign deals with different bowl games. Within those deals it gives that bowl a spot in the selection order of a conference's bowl eligible teams. For example, the Chick-fil-a bowl has 2nd choice of eligible ACC teams and 5th choice of eligible SEC teams. _URL_0_"
] | [
"There are 32 teams in the NFL. 16 each in two conferences, the AFC and NFC. That's broken down into 4-team divisions. Each season, each team plays the other 3 teams in its division twice, and the rest of the schedule is filled out with remaining teams, mostly from within the conference. 6 teams from each conferenc... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does drinking more water help lose "water weight"? | [
"It's a little like a squirrel storing nuts for the winter. The squirrel has three long, cold months to wait out and needs to have enough food stored for those months. Likewise, your body needs a certain amount of water to function optimally. It holds on to your water because it never knows when it's going to get ... | [
"Who told you that it does? You need to be well-hydrated to be healthy, but unless you're drinking so much water that you flood your bowels and get diarrhea, pushing out the food you're eating before it gets digested, I don't think that drinking more water will make you burn more calories. It is true that if you dr... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how is the price of a stock determined and why does it change so often? | [
"It's determined by what buyers are paying, and what sellers it for. That's all. As to why it changes, it's in response to new information as well as the individual circumstances of buyers and sellers."
] | [
"Stock in a company gives you ownership of that companys assets. Gold doesn't pay dividends either, yet its popular for investing in. The only real difference for an investor between gold and stock is that gold is likely to be more predictable in value."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why doesn't the blood in raw meat clot (as far as I can tell)? | [
"Because it isn't blood. It's myoglobin. Red meats, such as beef, are composed of quite a bit of water. This water, mixed with a protein called myoglobin, ends up comprising most of that red liquid."
] | [
"It's just enzymes breaking down the meat, basically. It's bacteria digesting the meat -- that slime is what your stomach enzymes would eventually turn that meat into. If it smells of, don't eat it. If it smells good (like ham), it's generally safe to eat. Occasionally, the slime is just accumulated fat that has me... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why can't both genders play sports together which don't require strength? | [
"But they are. Men are naturally better are things which require throwing, aiming, calculating paths in their heads, etc. Probably comes from being the hunter in hunting and gathering."
] | [
"It does affect you the same. What situation are you thinking about where it wouldn't?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:"
} |
How is a number converted to Binary? | [
"They actually did something really smart here. A is 65 in binary 10 00001 B is 64 in binary 10 00010 C is 65... 10 00011 if you notice, the 10 in the front can be ignored, and you can find what the letter is by looking at the end! the first letter in the alphabet is A, second letter in the alphabet is B, etc etc. ... | [
"There are two different values that you derive using the formula. One by adding, one by subtracting."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
What do people look for when they closely examine a diamond through a mini-telescope thing. | [
"Inclusions - tiny black specks of carbon that haven't been changed to diamond. Also, possibly the quality of the cut. Diamonds and other gemstones may have dozens of facets which together refract light in such a way to make the stone appear to shine or sparkle. The more precise and detailed the cuts, the more spar... | [
"There are several ways to do it, an experienced jeweler will have some good ideas whether it's real or not. 1. Diamonds are usually set in very high quality settings and are carefully cut with near perfect facets, so if a stone is set in anything less than a gold setting or looks visiblely unevenly cut then it's ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why can we kinda sense people watching us? | [
"You cant, but heres a scenario: You are riding on the bus when you get this feeling that you are being watched from behind. You turn your head around sharply to try and catch them in the act, and you see like four or five people looking right at you! What actually happened was: nobody was watching you before you t... | [
"Slightly offtopic, but why do my eyes leak when I yawn?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
what is it about the structure of a molecule that can "make or break" your body? | [
"First off any change in the chemical formula means there can be vast changes in reactivity and properties. As you gave an example of sodium and sodium chloride there is no relation at all between their properties. The second part is that your body has receptors which are a certain shape. This means only certain sh... | [
"As I understand it, Alzheimer's causes proteins to take the wrong shape in the brain. To put this in context the majority of proteins need to be the right shape in order to work. For instance, enzyme's are used to break down your food much more quickly. Biologists describe the process using either the lock and ke... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What is the aspect ratio of real life? Is it widescreen? Or a perfect square? | [
"Hold your hands out to the side of your face on each side, staring straight forward. move them farther back until the disapper and make a mental note of where they are. do the same above and below. You'll notice that your natural \"view\" is widescreen, MUCH wider than it is tall. Also, the vertical view has a do... | [
"Because the movie is a wider widescreen than the TV. Older movies especially tend to be quite a lot wider than the now-standard 16:9 TV format."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
what would happen if I declared independence? | [
"> what would happen if I declared independence? Local newspaper might write a story about you."
] | [
"why would he not be allowed to vote?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
how can you reattach a finger (or any body part) after an amputation? I don't get how the parts would reconnect after it's been severed, especially the bone. | [
"Broken bones will heal together if you put them close. Think about it this way--if your bone is totally broken but not amputated, you can still put them back together and they'll heal. The damaged tissues like each other and release chemicals that say \"hey let's bond.\" The microsurgery is how they \"sew\" tiny a... | [
"This question has been asked before.. To put it very simply, you recover from small cuts by cells adjacent to the wound replicating over to the injury site. When you lose body parts, Eg. your hand, the cells at your wrist can't replicate out a new hand cos they're not programmed to do so. Even for deep, big wounds... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Medicine:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Medicine:",
"neg": "Represent the document about biology:"
} |
Burning up when re-entering earths atmosphere, would it be okay if rockets, shuttles or whatever it is nowdays just did it slowly? | [
"Yes. A spacecraft in low earth orbit is going at 17500mph. If it fired its rockets to slow down to say 100mph its orbit would quickly deteriorate and it would gently reenter the atmosphere However that would take as mush fuel as it did to get up there in the first place, excpet you would now need even more fuel to... | [
"1. carrying a lot of fuel. Rockets are heavy, really heavy, and the vast majority of that is fuel 2. they actually orbited the moon and detached a lander so they didn't shoot straight at it 3. they don't spend much fuel on re-entry, they just hit the atmosphere really hard and let air resistance do its thing. Roc... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post about Physics:"
} |
Why are we always told not to stand in front of a microwave because of radiation, yet we eat food that is being heated with radiation? | [
"We mean a few different things when we say radiation - the one that springs to mind for many people is radioactivity, and that's the one that makes people go \"Aaaargh! Radiation!\" whenever it's mentioned. Radioactivity can hang around at dangerous levels for thousands of years. Microwaves use a different sort of... | [
"She's absolutely right. Microwaves are extremely harmful and can kill you or cause serious health problems in seconds. They are cooking appliances, and being inside one will result in being cooked. This is why you should never put a cat, dog, baby, hamster in a microwave. This is why you should never stand inside ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why do characters in movies always take off their bullet proof vests right after being shot? | [
"From a movie sense, to show the audience that the vest stopped the bullet, and that the shootout is over. From a realistic perspective, bulletproof vests are really only designed to take one bullet. Once they take one bullet, their ability to stop more bullets drops off drastically. After the first one, you'd prob... | [
"Let me answer your question with another question: if you tape a grenade to the back of someone's head and pull the pin, what happens to the front of their head? Same thing, more or less."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
When a drug is legalized or decriminalized (state or nationwide), what happens legally to all the people currently in prison or with former felony/misdemeanor charges based on that drug? | [
"They remain in jail. because their actions were criminal at the time they did it. Of course, it is possible that the governor/president commutes their prison sentences or pardons them, but that's extraneous with regards to legalization; it's not required or a de-facto part of the legalization process."
] | [
"In the USA, no. The use of illegal drugs is not illegal. The possession/sale/transportation/manufacturing/distribution is what is actually illegal. As long as the person does not have any of the illegal substance on their person or anything illegal ON them, upon revival and stabilization they are let free."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How do we know where hackers are from? | [
"We don't. A good hacker (hackers who are intentionally hacking government servers) won't leave a trace. Or at least they will be behind so many proximity it'd take forever to find them"
] | [
"In the real world why would anyone want to be a politician?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do we see colorful lines and shapes when we close our eyes? | [
"I asked someone if they saw that too, once...they thought I was crazy. I've been confused ever since"
] | [
"> What are these red dots? They are red blood cells zipping through the tiny capillaries on the surface of your retina. Usually our brains filter them out as noise but sometimes we can see them such as when our brains haven't adapted yet or when we trick it by looking into a featureless blue sky."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Science:"
} |
Why is wearing a bra unhealthily? (Happy No Bra Day!) | [
"It is not intrinsically unhealthy. If it is made from a non-breathable material it can be unhealthy for your skin, if it is the wrong size it can be bad for you back/shoulders/neck, and if you are allergic to materials or chemicals in it can be bad for you but in general wearing a bra reduces pain from movement, ... | [
"Question 1: Am I a celebrity? * Yes: Move onto question 2 * No: Who gives a shit about you? Question 2: Do I like to look terrific in photographs? * Yes: Move onto question 3 * No: Use your iPhone for nude selfies Question 3: Do I mind being raped? * Yes: Call Annie Leibovitz * No: Terry's your man!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why do laptop screen colors change at different viewing angles, but phone colors remain the same no matter what angle, and what causes this effect? | [
"It comes down to the displays used in each. Most desktop and laptop monitors use TN panels (the panel is the bit inside that actually changes colour, has pixels, etc), they are cheap and fast (in terms of response time and maximum refresh rates) but that is at the tradeoff of colour accuracy and viewing angles. IP... | [
"There are a lot of things that go into a monitor that people don't think about. Everything that you see on your monitor is made up of pixels, which are basically little color blocks, and there are millions of these on your monitor. Pretty much everything else about monitors affects these little guys. There is also... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Computer Science:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Computer Science:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why can't we remember the first years of our life? | [
"I can't remember the first few years because there was no \"I\" then. It developed later."
] | [
"Isn't it just another way to take your mind off it?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health:"
} |
Why do plants, which rely on the sun, burn in the sun? At what point does this occur? | [
"Why do humans, who rely on heat, burn with too much heat? Obviously everything has tolerances for heat that it can and can't take. Exact tolerances depend on the species and even the breed. For example, huskies can't really handle the tropics, and chihuahuas can't really handle Alaska. The burning point of plants ... | [
"Some plant cells are sensitive to gravity, and the plant uses this information to send the root down and the stalk up when the seed germinates. It would not work as well on the Moon or Mars, where there is less gravity, but some effect is still likely. Of course, both these places have a larger obstacle to plant l... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How does China justify censorship to its citizens? | [
"Chinese here... Original answer got removed because it's too short. But in fact they don't admit censoring anything, so they don't need to justify it either. Also sometimes here on Reddit, I see some people think censor equals to banning the use of this word altogether, which is not the case."
] | [
"Russia does not have a good track record when it comes to telling the truth. Why start believing them now?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
When choosing from a menu, why am I "in the mood" for a certain type of food. | [
"Nutrient cravings combined with enjoyment/emotional attachment to various foods."
] | [
"You don't *have* to eat a large variety of foods. You just expect a very high quality of life."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why the USA waited so long to enter WW2 | [
"There was an extremely strong isolationist movement in the United States that wanted the country to focus on its internal affairs and leave foreign wars to themselves. The war eventually came to America by way of Pearl Harbour, but the US did participate beforehand as a supplier. I've read some opinions though tha... | [
"North Korea is on a whole 'nother level compared to Saudi Arabia and Qatar."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
What is the purpose of 'Press any button to start' screens in video games? | [
"This is legacy from the old days. A computer game would take a long time to load. LONG time. This is because instead of being on a CD-Rom or harddrive, we were loading them via a tape drive. Think cassette tape. A load time of 10, 20, 30 minutes was not unheard of. While you are waiting, you would walk away, get s... | [
"You may need to change the display settings on your console."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why does it hurt to stop urinating once you've started? | [
"You have to make an effort, but pain? OP should go see the doctor"
] | [
"Morning Wood is the body's way of not urinating while asleep. Ergo, once you urinate, you don't need it anymore."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are the bottom of plastic bottles a funny shape and why can't it just have a flat bottom (eg. Mountain Dew, Pepsi ect)? | [
"I am old enough to remember when plastic soda bottles did have flat bottoms -- it was a separate piece, like a cap. The part containing the liquid was round, like the bottom of a test tube, and that sat inside a glued-on black plastic piece. Without that piece, the bottle would not be able to stand up. Then someo... | [
"The drink tastes the same but you also put the outside part of the can in your mouth, which has a metallic taste. If you pour a can of soda into a glass and a bottle of soda into a glass, you likely wouldn't be able tell a difference. Also, a small amount of metal is dissolved into the drink. _URL_0_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do boat steering wheels need so much more turning than car steering wheels? | [
"What you're talking about is Mechanical Advantage. Depends on the size and design of the rudder and steering gear. However the idea is that turning the rudder or propeller stem shouldn't require excessive effort on the wheel. This, regardless of the total force or torque on the rudder itself produced by water flo... | [
"Busses have big steering wheels because they have big wheels. Just about all cars these days have power assist steering. That means that the amount of force you have to put on the steering wheel is only a fraction of the force that's needed to turn the wheels. If that power assist were to fail then you have to p... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Transportation:"
} |
Why does it feel so much more satisfying when falling asleep when you're not supposed to, compared to when you're actually meant to fall asleep? | [
"Because at those time's you want to sleep/relax. You 'go to bed' when it's late because you should, not necessarily because you're tired."
] | [
"You only choose to take a nap during the day if you're already tired. But you always go to bed at night, even when you aren't tired."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Sleep and boredom:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Sleep and boredom:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
and12] What is a game engine and what does it control? | [
"One way to look at a game engine is as a lego set. It basically is the platform in which you construct the game -- the levels, the models, etc. If you want to take it a step further, old lego sets had simple blocks. You very much had to use your imagination to fill in the gaps of where perception meets reality. In... | [
"[Check out this video.](_URL_0_) It explains not only the CPU but also how it interacts with the RAM."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Computer Science:"
} |
Why does it say to not exceed 2 gummy vitamins a day? What would happen if I were to eat the entire jar? | [
"It is possible to overdose on fat-soluble vitamins. Taking 150x the daily dose could damage your liver. Meanwhile, if you take yo much of the water-soluble vitamins, you will generally just pee out the extra."
] | [
"100% equals the minimum daily amount recommended by the FDA. You can easily surpass this by eating vitamin rich foods or by taking a pill. It doesn't mean that is all your body can process"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
What are the effects of an explosion's shock wave on the human body? | [
"The main dangers of a shockwave is that it can burst blood vessels in your lungs and you can drown. This depends on the size of the explosion and the medium. Shockwaves through air have to be very powerful, to the point that it's the blast you care about and not the shockwave. If a shockwave traveling through wa... | [
"Yes. Sound is just a pressure wave moving through the air. The frequency of the wave is largely immaterial to how hard it hits the sensitive structures of your inner ear."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do so many songs have the phrase 'California dreaming' in it? Also, what does it even mean? | [
"[\"California Dreamin'\"](_URL_0_) is the title of a famous song by the Mamas and Papas. The song is about dreaming about being in LA while spending the winter in NYC. If other songs use the phrase they're likely making a conscious reference to this song, or covering it."
] | [
"It will vary by song, but this one's a fair example. Blue Oyster Cult wanted to name the song \"The Reaper\", however the song never references the reaper outside of the phrase \"don't fear the reaper\", which would make it more difficult to identify the song by title. If I say one person \"Do you know that song '... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Among animal species, why do humans have a need to be clothe, especially in public | [
"I'm pretty sure it's just a societal thing. If you look at pictures of indigenous tribes in Africa or South America some of them don't dress for modesty at all but for tradition and whatnot. Basically, our society and culture has decided that the naked human body is something that should be covered up when in publ... | [
"Probably not, since in modern society people without body hair are not more likely to breed than people with body hair."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What is the difference between having more or less blades on an airplane or helicopter propeller? | [
"There are a lot of factors at play but I'll try to summarize. Firstly is efficiency. The more number of blades means that the system is less efficient. This is because the blade operates in the wake of the blade in front of it. The blade moves air out of the way and therefore the following blade cannot lift as wel... | [
"The fewer blades a fan has, the more efficiently it moves air for a given energy expenditure. More blades interfere with each other aerodynamically. However, to get the full effect, those fewer blades have to be longer, which takes up more space. 3-5 blades represent a compromise between space and efficiency."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why can't we make a glass bottom plane? | [
"A lot of the time, the answers to \"why can't we make ...\" are just because it's not economical. Yes, we could make a glass bottomed aircraft. It would involve extra engineering costs and manufacturing costs. And it turns out that people don't want to pay a lot of money for things like this. So the answer is not... | [
"They don't; you're thinking of a different kind of battery."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How do T-rex sleep with the big legs and small arms | [
"This might be better directed at /r/askscience They have nerds there who will tell you all the current theories."
] | [
"Not everything in evolution makes something better. What made the T Rex the great killing machine that it was had nothing to do with arm length. It was size, it was teeth, it a great sense of smell and great eyesight. The T Rex was also a scavenger. The Tyrannosaurus Rex would find dead animals and only had to be... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What does the pilot need to do, other than make the plane go really fast, in order to prompt takeoff? | [
"Going really fast will generate thrust, which generates lift, but once you reach a certain speed the plane will want to take off and you have to actively pull back on the column (like a steering wheel but can also make the plane go up and down) to make the plane take off, this tilts a surface so that enough lift i... | [
"The main reason, other than it possibly interfering with the plane, is safety. Take off and landing are especially dangerous times and they need to make sure you are paying attention to safety information and are able to get out if something does happen."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Technology:"
} |
How do our bodies get "use to" cold water? | [
"Temperature sensing nerves work by temperature difference (so if the nerve is sitting at 80 degrees, then touches a 60 degree surface, it will feel colder than if a nerve at 70 degrees touching the same surface). So when you first jump into a cold pool, your nerves (which were probably pretty warm) will react stro... | [
"The blood vessels swell to allow heat to escape because you're too warm during and after your hot bath."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Is there a historical reason why the majority of Americans don't care about soccer even though it's wildly popular in the rest of the world? When and why did that divide happen? | [
"A couple of reasons for this: - Firstly, soccer had bad timing. Soccer was becoming popular in Europe as baseball was becoming popular in the US. There was initially only room for one new major sport every now and then. Imagine, there's this new sport that everyone is talking about that is made in America called b... | [
"Every country develops their own sports. English sports are just more widespread because they conquered most of the world at one point and brought their culture with them. Also, while modern soccer may have originated in England, variations of the game have been played in other places for thousands of years. I don... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How do audio cassettes work? | [
"Audio cassettes have a spool of magnetic tape, divided in to microscopic little sections. The information is stored depending on the polarity of each segment. When the tape passes through the machine, it 'reads' the sequence of norths and souths. It then transcribes them into electrical signals, which are sent to ... | [
"Could you be a little more specific as to what you would like to know? How it works to facilitate the immune response? How it helps to circulate the lymph fluid? Something else?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How do phone calls work? How does entering a specific string of 9 digits put me in touch with that specific number? | [
"Think of it like a mailing address. The phone company receives your call with the requested destination (the phone number) and then routes it first to the correct country (country code, like 1 for the US), then to the correct area (area code) and then finally to the local telecom, who looks up the rest of the phon... | [
"They were physically connecting a wire that came from the caller to a wire that goes to the person being called. Back then there wasn't technology that would perform that connection automatically, so instead an operator had to do it. To work, a telephone needs a continuous connection from one end to the other."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Telecommunications:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Telecommunications:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How are we able to know exactly when astronomical events will occur with a such a seemingly small margin of error? | [
"Newton. Objects in motion stay in motion unless acted on by an outside force. We know where things are and where they're going. We might not know how gravity works, but we know the effects of it. Unless something comes and changes stuff around, we can easily (well, relatively easily) calculate where things will ... | [
"It absolutely does. The change is just small that over the course of human existence which is only a few hundred thousand years, let alone the few hundred years that we've been able to reliably measure, the difference is too small to matter. The orbits of the planets are stable over long periods of time, but dynam... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Science and Technology:"
} |
How exactly do the different settings on dryers (i.e. "Permanent Press") affect clothes? | [
"According to [Sears](_URL_0_): > A washer on permanent press will wash clothes in warm water and rinse them in cool water, maintaining a mild agitation and spin. The warm water helps relax creases while the slow spin prevents new wrinkles from forming. A permanent press cycle is gentler than a regular cycle, maki... | [
"I'm not sure if /r/explainlikeimfive is the right place for this. This sub is more for 'conceptual' issues, like War, or Religion or Politics, or Maths. As per the sidebar, \"Do not ask for a walkthrough procedure\". The exact steps will vary slightly depending on the washing machine. There are hundreds of models,... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is Sunday considered to be a weekEND even though in some countries it is the first day of the week? | [
"The beginning of the week is also one end; Sunday is at the front end and Saturday is at the back end. Imagine the week as a ruler, with Sunday at one end of the ruler and Saturday at the other end. See how they're both on the end of the ruler? I had thought that in most English-speaking countries, the week was ... | [
"It's not held on Sunday because they didn't want it to interfere with the Sabbath. It's not held on Monday because many people required a whole day to travel to their polling station by horse. So it's Tuesday."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How a happy person can still be depressed | [
"It's not hard to make a show of being happy when you aren't."
] | [
"Does it make things worse? It's genuine psychiatric advice that sometimes you just need to feel shitty. Recognizing you're down and experience it is part of being mentally healthy, if you're always running away from unhappiness you're like to become mentally unwell."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The structure of the Anonymous hacking group. Anyone can be a member, but do they have any sort of structure, or is it a complete free-for-all? | [
"There's no actual membership or community structure. It's a lot like being a redditor. You're a member of anonymous if you frequent the parts of the web (most notably 4chan) where anonymous communicates, but for the most part your level of involvement is determined by how long you've been involved with anonymous a... | [
"It's not actually one individual. It's a group of individuals that occasionally have coinciding goals, and when this happens they make their various cyber crime plans on forums. These forums generally force users to have a username \"Anonymous\" so that's why they're known as Anonymous. It's not any one individual... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does heated metal make clicking sounds as it cools? | [
"Materials expand as they're heated and contract as they cool. What you're hearing is metal rubbing on metal where different parts contact each other as they expand and contract."
] | [
"The ball is so hot that it is vaporizing the water around it creating an air pocket, at this point the area around the ball is so hot that the water is boiling into a gas before it even touches the ball. That pinging sound you hear happens when the air pocket cools down enough to collapse in certain places on the ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
what commonalities are there when large cultures abandon widely practised religions for another, such as the Greeks, Romans, Egyptians, etc.? | [
"Well, the one commonality is their civilisation/empire collapses and breaks off into smaller bits. With the Romans it was a bit different. Christianity was becoming popular, and it advocated all kinds of things the Roman leadership was opposed to, so they decided to embrace and enforce it rather than fight it."
] | [
"A variety of polytheistic faiths, Christianity, Judaism were all practiced. Islam is of course a version of Christianity and Judaism (the \"Abrahamic\" religions), though not exclusive to one or the other, that developed approximately 1500 years ago following Muhammad as the last prophet of God. So these religions... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
What do banks do with our money? | [
"Invest it in order to make money themselves. In return they give us interest on the money we store in them, and provide services like loans in the form of mortages and credit cards."
] | [
"Because it is worth a lot of money to the government!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why aren't the Great Lakes considered seas? | [
"Generally speaking, seas are bodies of salt water, which the great lakes are not. Seas are also generally considered to be bodies of water that are larger than lakes, but this distinction can be fuzzy, since there's no 'standardization' where a salt water lake becomes a salt water sea. Similar to the lack of a sha... | [
"Rain falling on the land is fresh water, it's actually distilled. Over billions of years, the fresh water rain dissolved the salt from the land and carried it into the oceans. However, there are inland seas that are highly saline because they are land locked. Check out the Great Salt Lake, in Utah, and the Red Sea... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why dont we have hovercars and other hoverthings :D | [
"> 1) Why cant we just use magnets on a car and use a magnet field on a road. Im not really an expert in this kind of stuff. And other things, a car is just the first thing that came to my mind. Mag-Lev, in its current form, must follow a rail. If we were to retrofit existing roads and cars with Mag-Lev technology... | [
"Reusable landing platform+ they don't have to close down beaches (can be costly). Also less noise concerns and they have to ability to land *anywhere*. Now that's a pretty good few reasons to do so. Wouldn't you say?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What about a material (on the molecular or atomic level) causes it to be sticky? | [
"What you call stickiness is known to scientists as [adhesion](_URL_0_) (defined as the tendency of a material to cling to materials that are different from itself). There are several different mechanisms of action - some things are sticky because they form chemical bonds (EDIT: And intermolecular bonds) to the mat... | [
"Some of the properties *do not exist* at such a small scale. For example texture and malleability are all about the shape and strength of the connections between atoms. So it means nothing to ask what the texture or malleability of a single atom is: it has no texture and cannot be malleable. Some properties, such ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
The Public Safety exemption to Miranda rights | [
"It basically means the public is still at danger so your rights (the suspects rights to miranda) become over shadowed by the need to control and secure the situation. Miranda its self is pretty simple, just a brief explanation of the rights you do have and assurance that you understand that you possess these righ... | [
"All of the appeals that are allowed before the sentence is carried out. Court costs"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
The purpose of a sextant and how to use it. | [
"A sextant is a device for finding angles. It can be described as a protractor with a sight tube attached. If you measure the angle of a celestial body such as the Sun, the Moon, or a star to the horizon, and note the time, you can calculate your position on the earth, or look it up in a table."
] | [
"Surveying. Instruments for making accurate observations of global positions existed well before spaceflight and even airflight. With a transit and a notepad, you can make amazingly accurate maps, provided you know some trigonometry."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do some words feel wrong after reading them a number of times? | [
"I personally am a fan of this one. It's called semantic satiation, or sometimes verbal satiation. Basically, what it comes down to is, when people lose interest in something, they stop paying close attention to it. When you're exposed to the same word over and over again, it begins to feel like it's losing its me... | [
"We do it in the same way that you capture the writing style of a writer when reading a book in your own language. How easy this is depends on the nature of the source text. I'm a professional translator, but I avoid reading translated literature for pleasure, maybe that tells you something."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
What exactly is soap and why does it do a better job cleaning than straight water? | [
"Soap contains stuff that helps make grease and oil \"stick\" to the water, so that when you rinse, the water rinses it away. Water alone will take some of the grime away, but the soap enables it to get most, if not all of the grime. Often, the foam and suds that you see when you use soap (or shampoo) actually isn... | [
"They're each focused on a different purpose Dish soap should cut through grease and oil, that's its primary job. It doesn't necessarily need to smell nice or be soft on the hands as long as it plows through stuck on grease Hand soap should be decent at getting stuff off your hands, but also needs to be soft on the... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment about Science:"
} |
Why does ISIS in this video seem to be using equipment marked "US"? | [
"They got it when ISIS overran Mosul. Not just tents, they also took thousands of HUMVEES, weapons, and other equipment abandoned by Iraqi forces."
] | [
"What do you mean \"without the British knowing he was\"?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why is Direct Democracy not a viable system as opposed to what we have? Would it result in massive indecisiveness, if implemented? | [
"Two main problems with direct democracy I can think of off the top of my head: - stability: the will of the masses tends to change quickly. News report on minor being raped and killed? Let's introduce death penalty. Mass shooting? Let's forbid guns. Note I'm not taking a stand towards either death penalty nor gun ... | [
"Term limits were put in place because the Presidency places a huge amount of power in the hands of one person, meaning that a President who remained in office for decades could easily become a dictatorial figure. An individual Senator or Congressman, while it would be possible for them to become very powerful, is ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
how do organ transplants work, specifically a kidney | [
"> the doctors said it started producing urine immediately after being translated Producing urine on the operating table just means you've successfully hooked all the tubes up. I think part of your confusion comes from your understanding of how the kidneys work. Kidneys are basically glorified filters. Blood flows ... | [
"> If a patient only suffers the failure of one kidney, why are they in need of a donor They don't. That would make no sense. You only need a new kidney if both of your kidneys don't function correctly."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What makes something bouncy? What makes an object bounce more than others? | [
"Molecular structure which is allowed to stretch or bend without breaking the intermolecular bonds. Think of a thin wooden stick where you can put pressure on one end in a longitudinal direction. The stick will bend. Release, and the stick will return to its original length. Now imagine the molecules of a bouncy th... | [
"It bounces. Throw a ball at a wall, and what happens? It bounces off. Light does the same thing, just a touch faster."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
if we drop a nuclear bomb on the Sahara desert, would it turn to glass from all the sand? | [
"Yep. The first nuclear explosion, known as the Trinity test, is actually famous for being in the desert and producing [very impure and rough green glass shards](_URL_0_). This specific type of glass is known as [trinitite](_URL_1_)."
] | [
"The only way a volcano can cool the earth is by literally blocking the sun with a blanket of ash. If we ever produce enough smog to blanket the earth like that we will be dead of suffocation."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Explain the rules of Cricket to me please! | [
"An old one, but you were asking for it... You have two sides, one out in the field and one in. Each man that's in the side that's in goes out, and when he's out he comes in and the next man goes in until he's out. When they are all out, the side that's out comes in and the side thats been in goes out and tries to... | [
"Please explain this post like I am 5 years old."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why does my computer need to restart after certain installations? | [
"Because while your PC is running, it is actively using files that the install needs to modify. It'd be a bit like trying to paint on a small canvas, while someone is still trying to draw the image. Note: This answer really only applies to OSes that force restarts for these sorts of things. OSes like various flavo... | [
"It can't. Updates can only happen when your computer is powered on. However, your computer can certainly detect that it has missed some updates when it comes up and start updating itself."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why are we sure there are no survivors from the crash of the plane MH370? | [
"No parachutes on airplanes. And even if there were, no one onboard is parachute jump certified. Training you on how to put a parachute rig on while we're crashing at 600mph isn't going to go well."
] | [
"Plane shot down in Ukraine, Israel began ground invasion of Gaza, etc"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Would someone who enjoys performing anilingus have a more diverse, and thus potentially healthier, microbiome? NSFW | [
"That's unlikely. But they probably would have a good shot at e.coli, c. difficile and maybe even toxic shock syndrome."
] | [
"It actually does (technically) serve a reproductive purpose, in addition to being a secondary erogenous zone, lip to lip contact spreads a LOT of germs. Tons. That in turn increases the body's immune response and helps spread antibodies, leading to an overall better health of both parties."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Social Sciences:"
} |
Why does soap work? The two major components (I learned this from Fight Club) Fat and Lye seem like they'd just make you feel dirty. | [
"Soap is made from fat and lye, but saponification creates a new substance out of those two things that we call soap. Here's how soap works: First, remember that oil and water don't mix. So when you have grease and oils on your skin or your clothes, it is difficult to wash them off with just water. You could wash ... | [
"It might be the water in the shower. Hard water can prevent soap from lathering as much. Five minutes on google and here's what I've come to understand: The soap works by mixing with the oils in your skin allowing things to get rinsed away easier. Hard water has a lot of ions (calcium in particular) in it that rea... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Does 'BIDMAS' apply to strung together simple equations or only in complicated equations? | [
"Neither, it equals 0. You always perform multiplication before addition/subtraction. When there are operations with the same precedence, you perform them from left to right. So 2-2x2+2 = 2-4+2 = -2+2 = 0. The order of operations always applies. Edit: oops, typo."
] | [
"> However, I don't understand why more complex mathematics such as algebra, trigonometry, and calculus works every time. Complex mathematics are just the logical extension of simple mathematics. They work for exactly the same reasons that simple math does. It's the same observation and logical deduction process ap... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Mathematics:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Mathematics:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Physics:"
} |
What is Multilateralism | [
"Its less an \"ideology\" and more a form of organization. Multilaterality means that states form agreements that bind all the involved states equally, and often inclueds that these states can't have bilateral (only 2 states involved) treaties on the same topic. This isn't only a thing in the EU, but in most trade ... | [
"High Crime + Dwindling Population + Crumbling Infrastructure + Diminishing Jobs = Perceived Shithole."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What makes mould on food appear in a specific place before it reaches the rest? | [
"Mold is spread through the release of spores into the air. The colonization of food is entirely dependent on where these spores land because they grow outward from there."
] | [
"Refrigeration removes moisture from objects so that could explain why some items taste less/ worse compared to fresher ones."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
what is occams razor? | [
"Occam's Razor states that among competing hypotheses, the one with the fewest assumptions should be selected. Other, more complicated solutions may ultimately prove correct, but—in the absence of certainty—the fewer assumptions that are made, the better."
] | [
"Maybe let's start with: what is ring tone rap?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How do mountains (ex: Rocky Mountains) form with no plate boundary? | [
"1. Take a piece of cloth and lay it flat on a table or bed. 2. Put your hands a foot or two apart on the fabric. 3. Push your hands together. That raises mountains up, then erosion shapes them. ETA: there are always plate boundaries in play, but the mountains are not necessarily near the boundaries. Also, the typ... | [
"Erosion is just one method of changing the surface of the Earth. The material that is eroded from coastlines and mountains is deposited on planes and in the ocean. There is also subduction and obduction of the techtonic plates forming mountains ridges and oceans. All in all the material on Earth will not leave."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is it about potatoes that cause them to retain the heat of four suns as opposed to the other ingredients in the soup? | [
"Potatoes are made of mainly water. Water has a very good ability to store heat. You may be thinking \"but suop's water too\". Yes, but the soup has a quite high surface when in a dish making it possible to evapourate whick takes the same enery that water needs to heat up 83 °C. Yes, literally THAT much. However, i... | [
"It would involve something like reversing your toilet so you can get back the waste and, by whatever means necessary, get it back into your body so you can later regurgitate it back into scrambled eggs which you then unscramble, restore to their shells and, by whatever means necessary, get them back into the hen. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do so many presidential candidates want to abolish the Department of Education? | [
"It is the government doing something that private businesses could do, and these people prefer that. The other side is that we don't want private, profit chasers in critical areas such as education and healthcare where some things must be done even if they run at a loss."
] | [
"Bernie wants to: Tie up tax loopholes that favor the rich. Have a universal health care system. Expand the middle class. Make state colleges more affordable."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How do eunuchs, or people with injuries to their genitals, urinate? | [
"Eunuchs are castrated. It doesn't effect \"that\" plumbing. As for the injured, it depends on the degree of the damage - from normally, to a catheter, to an [urostomy](_URL_0_)."
] | [
"It's removal of the clitoris, which is where a large portion of the female \"sex\" nerve endings are located. The idea is that if sex is unenjoyable for women, they won't want to cheat on their husbands. People are horrible."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why does Norway have some of the world's highest gas prices despite being the 15th largest oil producer (1.9M bbl/day) | [
"It's mainly because they tax it ALOT. This is to make an negative incentive to drive as much because of the negative effects of traffic, the impact it has on local environment (bad air) and the global environment. This is also a huge way for the government to earn a lot of taxes which go to building infrastructure... | [
"Saudi Aramco holds all of the national oil reserves of Saudi Arabia, the country with the second-largest oil reserves in the world. The amount of oil in Saudi Arabia is incredibly huge, and basically all of it is easily accessible (as opposed to countries like Venezuela or Canada, where much of it is in difficult-... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Economics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Economics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are indoor-only shopping malls dying in the USA? | [
"Most indoor malls depend on the very large \"anchor\" stores to pull people in. These are your Macy's, Nordstrom, and other department stores, for the most part. These stores aren't doing nearly as well with the advent of online shopping, so the foot traffic to the other stores suffer. With less foot traffic, the ... | [
"The corporations that sustained the local economy abandoned it for cheaper pastures such as Mexico."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why do paper cuts hurt so much for such tiny injuries? | [
"As has been posted, they're still a cut and all wounds would hurt but it's speculated that a paper cuts sting so much more to a person because the cuts are so much more perfect they cut through more tissue exposing more to the air."
] | [
"EIL5: Why can't I stop sitting with my legs crossed, even though it hurts my knees, and why does it hurt my knees?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How is the movie "Airplane" only rated PG? | [
"Mostly because PG-13 didn't exist until 1984, and Airplane came out in 1980. But also because people were less sensitive and lazy."
] | [
"PG-13 didn't exist until 1984, that's why. Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom has a guy get his heart ripped out on screen and it was rated PG. Just as a reference."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
If we stopped moving through space, would we stop moving through time (i.e. stop aging or growing)? | [
"As far as you're concerned, you already aren't moving through space. Everything else is moving around you. Relativity means that movement only makes sense when compared to the movement of other things. If something else is completely still relative to you, then you experience time the same way. If something is mov... | [
"What I think is something important you're missing is that when time is faster/slower for someone, that affects their perception of time as well. If time was slower for someone, they'd age up slower but they'd perceive themselves aging up at a normal speed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Are there tiny planets in the universe? If so, would potential life on there be relative to size? | [
"The smallest \"planet\" that we know of is [Ceres](_URL_0_) which despite only having a diameter of 952km is spherical. It is not considered a true planet however as it has not cleared its orbit of other objects, instead being part of the asteroid belt. Small planets have major disadvantages when it comes to havin... | [
"We have one example of a life - bearing planet. We have 7 examples (8 if Pluto is counting this week) of planets with no sign of life. When looking for life, we're going to focus on those planets similar to the one we know can host life."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about science:"
} |
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