query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
How can a comet 6 miles wide wipe out all of humanity? | [
"Your average comet is traveling at around 89,000 miles per hour. The formula for kinetic energy is: KE = 1/2 x mass x velocity^2 That means the energy, given our speed, equals the mass times 1,600,000,000---or 1.6x10^9. The bomb in hiroshima released about 6.3 × 10^13 joules, so about 5000 times more. But that ... | [
"Among other many reasons to have a colony on Mars, perhaps the major reason is right now all Humans (and for we know, all life) in the universe is on (or orbiting) Earth. There is a chance (although very small) that all life on our planet will die due to a meteor, supervolcano, nuclear war, etc. within our lifetim... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about science:"
} |
Why is removing your hat is considered a sign of respect? | [
"As far as I am aware it comes from helmets. If you removed your helmet it meant you trusted the other person. If you are talking to an anemy under a truce it means you respect him enough to believe he won't hit you over the head with a sword. But you might want to /r/AskHistorians"
] | [
"The salute is a gesture for military members to show respect to higher ranking officers, so a civilian saluting would be seen as weird."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How can my phone receive notifications from blocked apps, e.g. Instagram and Facebook, but I still need a VPN to use the apps?(China) | [
"I'm not so sure about how Android works, but if you're using an iPhone, the company that provides the app doesn't actually send notifications to your phone. Instead, it tells Apple that it wants to notify you, and the notification message actually comes from Apple's servers."
] | [
"Do not use services such as Google, Facebook, Tinder, Snapchat, Twitter etc. Make use of a VPN and use the TOR network for browsing the internet. Making sure that you have adjusted the settings so you aren't leaving breadcrumbs after you've finished."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why can't we just compress hydrogen very hard to make nuclear fusion? | [
"That's how modern fusion techniques work, they just use lasers or magnetic fields to compress the hydrogen because a piston would just melt and wouldn't get the hydrogen hot enough."
] | [
"Fusion = combine two atoms into one (and depending on the atoms, release tremendous amounts of energy). Think nuclear power, but far far more energy, and the materials required can be obtained from seawater at almost no cost."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The reasons why the colonies sought independence from England. | [
"The American colonies fought for several reasons. 1. They didn't want to pay taxes on goods such as paper and tea. Those taxes were meant to pay off the 7 years war, but the colonists figured that they didn't ask for the war. 2. King George refused to listen to the colonists' problems. They tried to raise issues, ... | [
"United States of Central America, Gran Columbia, The British Empire( for that matter all of the imperial empires after the second world war), the Soviet Union to name a few that immediately come to mind. An argument could be made that the Western Roman Empire never really \"fell\" but experienced a transformation.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why is Christianity so popular in America, but has lost some footing in other places that used to be extremely religious such as France. | [
"Because, starting in the 1950s, America began a four decade long slap fight with the USSR. It was a war of not only nations, but ideologies: democratic capitalism vs totalitarian communism. Americans and American leaders wanted to separate themselves as far as possible from the Communitsts, this needed to be a goo... | [
"The biggest problem with Sharia Law is when Muslims want to impose it on non-muslim populations. This isn't necessarily a problem on the Arabian Peninsula, where those countries have developed around Islam (much in the same way that Italy developed around Roman Catholicism). The issue at hand is when Muslims want ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about History:",
"pos": "Represent the document about History:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do pharmaceutical companies come up with the random sounding names for OTC prescriptions? | [
"You may already know this and simply made an error, but OTC stands for \"over the counter,\" which means drugs that can be purchased without a prescription, such as Advil or Claritin. So the phrase \"OTC prescription\" is a contradiction. :)"
] | [
"They have to have the same pharmaceutical incredients and dosages. They don't necessarily have the same other components like binders, fast-dissolving tablets for quick action, coatings to prevent stomach irritation etc. Not saying they don't charge a lot for the brand name though. They're not going to pay for TV ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Retail:"
} |
How did the different American accents develop from the original British settlers? Did someone just invent a new trend? | [
"The settlers from England spoke in an accent about as different from the modern American accents as it is different from the modern English accents. Populations just have a constant drift in how they speak. New words added, old ones pruned and subtle changes in pronunciation add up."
] | [
"Both the American and British English variants are different from what they were at the time of the Revolution and both have different parts that are closer to the English spoken then. For example, the way that Americans pronounce \"Rs\" is closer to how English was spoken then. Both dialects have drifted over ti... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are the bottoms of some clouds flat? [other] | [
"Clouds form when temperature drops below a point, causing water vapor to condense into liquid droplets. Temperature drops as elevation rises, so the flat bottom is the elevation where temperature drops below the threshold causing the water to condense."
] | [
"Not necessarily. But most of the larger ones do. Because that's just where all the mass goes. The same reason the sun is in the middle of the solar system."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Meteorology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Meteorology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What happens in War Games? When countries are War Gaming, how do casualties and fatalities occur? | [
"They shoot blanks with a cap blocking the barrel with a sensor. Infantry wear a vest with multiple sensors located in different places and a loud alarm goes off when they're \"hit\"."
] | [
"In case they ever need to use them... in addition, to learn how to defend against possible viruses and bio-weapons that may be used against them. Both offense and defense."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Technology:"
} |
Why does getting hit in the shin hurt far more than say your forearm? | [
"The \"sharp\" edge of the shin is the part which hurts the most. This is because there is almost no muscle over the bone, just a thin layer of skin and fat which makes any hit go directly against the periostium, the tissue covering the bones, which has A LOT of nervous endings. Also, as it is a sharp area, most of... | [
"I'm not certain that it hurts any worse than any other injury, per se; instead, you are just more likely to stub your toe badly than you are to do a lot of other painful things. You need a hammer to hit your finger with a hammer. You can stub your toe at any time, if you don't have closed toed shoes on. Does stubb... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How did pandas survive prior to human intervention? | [
"Panda's used to be just fine until they were pushed out of their natural habitat and into areas with bamboo. Bamboo is like crack cocaine to pandas. Now, they are too lazy and stupid to breed on their own in the wild."
] | [
"Because [large wolves](_URL_0_) died out, either due to climate changes at the end of the ice age or human eradication."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why are things like branches easy to burn, but logs aren't, despite being made of the same material? | [
"Fire is a chemical reaction that consists, in simple terms, of oxygen bonding with the material that's on fire. In order for this to happen, you need a spark, material to burn, and oxygen. In branches or newspapers, oxygen's readily available everywhere, but there's no way for air to reach the center of a log."
] | [
"Fire is the result of oxygen combining rapidly with other chemicals & releasing a bunch of energy. Water is what you get **after** you burn hydrogen - that is, it has violently reacted with the hydrogen. It's basically the \"ash\" of the reaction. There's no more energy left to pull out to make more fire. Trying t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
why can't jedis use the force to turn off their opponents lightsaber? | [
"Probably the same reason Vader didn't just force choke Obi-Wan or Luke. A person strong with the force would create a small aura around them, somewhat repelling others using a simple direct force ability on them. Like a bubble pushing against another bubble."
] | [
"If you can create tiny virus sized weapons, what would work best? tiny little sword? tiny little hammer. could you stab or hammer that thing and kill it?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
In the days of digital currency, what stops a bank from simply saying they have more money than they do? | [
"Double Entry Book Keeping. Money going into your account doesn't just appear, its matched with money coming out of somebody else's account. You don't really see it on the website looking at your account history, but on the banks end money moves around with detailed records."
] | [
"No more so than any other bank. All banks loan more money than they actually have, effectively creating money."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are 9 volt batteries rectangular, while other small voltage batteries are round? | [
"Because they are actually a little box containing up to 6 round batteries. [Here is one cut up.](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"It is just a difference in the physical size of the battery, which changes how much charge they hold. They are all 1.5v batteries Small, low drain devices need a small light battery, so they use AAA. Heavy drain devices like remote control cars need a lot of charge, so they use D size. And so on"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does exercise burn fat, and what is fat? | [
"> fat is a biological battery wonderful wording"
] | [
"You blood sugar is more even over the day, and research suggests that having less and lower spikes in blood sugar will cause your body to store less fat."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How many countries are in severe social unrest right now and what could that mean for the United States? | [
"The main 2 countries are Brazil and Turkey, whom are rioting. Syria is in a civil war but that's been like that along while now. The WW3 rumours are about Syria, as the US is going to fund the rebels. Russia doesn't agree with it and they still don't have any solution after the G8 meeting. That's probably why you ... | [
"Because it represents instability, and in a region that's particularly important to the world economy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do we celebrate the 4th of July with fireworks? | [
"\"Rockets red glare, the bombs bursting in air. Gave proof to the night, that our flag was still there.\""
] | [
"Many people decorate for Thanksgiving (fall wreaths on doors, fall/turkey/pilgrim decorations put out). They also decorate for Easter, 4th of July, memorial day, veterans day, St. Valentine's day, St. Patrick's day, and due to the fact that many towns have festivals on Labor day you can say that they decorate for ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If I swallow my saliva a couple of times really fast, my swallowing just kind of disables. Why? | [
"It probably has to do with a vacuum pressure in the mouth due to shallowing several times and not opening your mouth. If you simply open your mouth it returns to atmospheric pressure again and swallowing should work as usual just with less saliva."
] | [
"I recall reading somewhere it’s caused by your saliva glands going from 0 to 60 and the muscles squeezing them so hard it sorta hurts. Why you usually get it with really sour things."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do websites sometimes do this? [Pics in text] | [
"The Cascading Stylesheet hasn't loaded. _URL_0_ CSS allows web developers to keep formatting in a separate document from the web pages themselves. When you see that happen it just means the html document has loaded but the CSS hasn't."
] | [
"[We've done this shit 11 fucking times in the last month.](_URL_0_) [Here is the one with the most responses and information](_URL_1_) I can do the following if you so request... A) Copy and paste the responses into a Word Document and email it to you B) Screenshot the whole thread, upload to imgur as an album C) ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How do human traffickers make money? Can't migrants travel from place A to place B on their own without paying money to traffickers? | [
"Pretend you are a city boy. You have never left good old suburbia, never had to learn how to read a map, all your food has come from stores. Now ask yourself how equipped you are to walk five hundred miles through a desert and cross a giant sea without getting lost or starving to death. Smugglers offer expertise, ... | [
"These are estimated figures. The people who came up with these numbers did not go door to door and asked people if they were slaves. Modern day slaves are not easily identifiable; they don't wear chains around their necks. Modern day slaves are mostly immigrants that are coerced into working so they can stay in th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How does capitalism cause income inequality? | [
"I should preface this by saying that capitalism is not the only system that causes income inequality. Capitalism, in its purest form, idealizes profit. To profit and to gain capital are the ultimate goals. All transactions, all interactions, should be done with an eye towards maximum economic benefit for oneself. ... | [
"Like everything else, currency responds to supply and demand."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The scale of the universe, explained like you are five. Coolest thing I have seen in a while. | [
"If you scroll fast enough you get the opening credits to the Big Bang Theory"
] | [
"I just spent an hour playing with it. You probably found out about it from Vsauce didn't you? I don't think it can be explained any better than that. If you didn't, look up the last episode its at around 17:00 minutes."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do sites like Fan Duel and Draft Kings actually work? | [
"From what I've gathered is that for any game that they have they typically take ~10% rake of all entry fees. Then they pay out the rest. So it's basically all comes down to how many entries there are. Some games with $5 entries will garner about 200k entries and they pay out 90% of that."
] | [
"The New York Attorney General declared it as gambling and doesn't want the two sites taking bets from New York residents. The site has always been a mix of gambling and fantasy. Here's the full article _URL_0_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is it when you wake up from a nightmare sometimes you still have an overwhelming sense dread? | [
"When we dream, we enter a period of sleep called REM (Rapid Eye Movement). We knows that this phase of sleep is strongly associated with sympathetic nervous system activity -- that's the part of the nervous system that is used for the \"fight or flight\" response. The chemicals that this activity releases (called ... | [
"I use to have a dream where I died and would just float for a while above my body. It was incredibly unnerving . I imagine though you would wake up from the increased heart rate and adrenaline in you system from the fright of the dream though."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Psychology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer about Psychology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Psychology:"
} |
How do employers in the US employ illegal aliens without any legal ramifications? | [
"They haven't been caught yet but if or when they do there will be ramifications."
] | [
"There are at least 3 concerns. 1. They compete for low-level jobs, perhaps driving down the amount of wages that employers are willing to pay. 2. Like all people, they consume costly social services such as police, schools, hospital emergency rooms, etc. 3. By crossing the border without permission, they compromis... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What a circlejerk is and why it's bad. | [
"As short as possible, a group of people with the same views on things who shun on other people with diferent views and ignore the part where knowledge is acquired through discussion of different views by people who are willing to work towards a middle ground. You may have noticed that intellectuals like to surroun... | [
"I know what this is. But it shouldn't be what it is."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How do cassette to CD/mp3 adapters work? | [
"An old school cassette player worked by passing a magnetic tape past the [cassette head](_URL_0_) (the shiny thing on the left) which converts the magnetic changes in to an electric signal. But the adapter has a [head](_URL_1_) that does the reverse (electric signals to magnetic) which the cassette head in your de... | [
"When you connect your ipod to your computer with the usb cable, only four pins are being used and the other 26 are connected to nothing. However other ipod accessories, like video cables, stereo docks, remotes controls, and other such things use the extra pins for various purposes like video output and control. As... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why aren't all tournaments in round-robin format? | [
"Two reasons: 1. It takes forever. If you tried to do a 64-player tournament in a round robin format, you'd need 63 rounds (i.e. EACH player would have to play 63 games). Even for 8 players, you need 7 rounds, whereas a single-elimination tournament has 3 rounds. 2. Even for small tournaments, it doesn't necessaril... | [
"It's not really a league, it's a cup. Couple of groups, 2 teams from each qualify to the knockout stages where each match has 2 legs(home and away) until the final. It runs along side all the European top league's."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do you suddenly lose consciousness at high altitude, e.g. loss of cabin pressure | [
"In aviation, they speak of *time of useful consciousness*. You may been conscious for longer than that, but you will be too stressed or delirious to accomplish anything. At 30K feet, you have 1-3 minutes of useful consciousness, and 35K, 30 seconds to a minute. You have to get to 50K before you are talking about s... | [
"Blood pressure levels differ between different people. Those with lower blood pressure are more susceptible to this effect, because what's actually happening is the G forces of the roller coaster are pushing blood toward your feet. If the blood pressure level in your brain dips below a certain point, you'll start ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Everyone knows that the peoples indigenous to the Americas were decimated by diseases brought by Europeans. Why didn't the reverse happen? | [
"Because of how diseases evolve. In Europe and Asia (mostly India/China), people have been living in close proximity to large numbers of other people (and animals) for thousands of years. Over this time, many diseases became *endemic*, or always present; and anyone who was going to die of a disease did so earlier i... | [
"There has been trade between Europe and Africa, directly or indirectly, for thousands of years. Africa, Europe, and Asia are all connected by land or very short ocean distances. Diseases had already been shared between Europe and Africa long before Europeans began colonizing Africa. Africa was not 'discovered' in ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about History:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about History:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about History:"
} |
What is the political debate over unions and why are certain candidates hellbent on busting them? | [
"Unions are run by people and people suck. The vast majority of unions are good but like any group you have your minority of douchebags. There are some douchebag unions who basically extort money from members to fuel their political agenda. It's similar to how some companies treat their employees well and some trea... | [
"* unions benefit the group, at the expense of individual achievement...many Americans believe they can do better on their own * unions in the US have a history of corruption...both in terms of criminal activity, and in pushing the political agendas of union leaders instead of advocating for workers * American unio... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why I need to poop when I smoke | [
"Nicotine is a stimulant. Stimulants cause laxative effects. All I got."
] | [
"And why do I have the urge to cough when using them?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
if dark chocolate is poison to dogs... Why hasn't evolution taught them to be put off by it? | [
"Why would it? Chocolate is something that dogs weren't ever really exposed to for the vast majority of their evolutionary history, so there was never any selection pressure to avoid the stuff. It's like asking why humans never developed an innate fear of dioxins."
] | [
"Not all of them do. But i think certain pesticides kill bugs by giving them a seizure, which causes them to contract all their legs at once, go up on tippy-toes, and fall over. Then they cant get up again and die that way. Poor widdle bugsies Oh, and you stay AWAY from that cabinet in the shed, you hear me? It's l... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about veterinary:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument about veterinary:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Is it okay to leave your phone (or other electronics thay require charge) plugged in and charged overnight? | [
"No, it actually prolongs the life of the battery. Once the battery is full, the charge circuit will cut power to it and not charge it again until the battery voltage drops by some amount. However, while your phone is plugged in, modern phones will not draw any power from the battery and rely purely on the external... | [
"These devices are always \"waiting\" for the cue to turn on and be used, so they never really \"power off\" completely. Your laptop is waiting for the lid to open or the power button to get pressed, and your headphones are just waiting for a signal, so a tiny bit of power is getting used 100% of the time (unless t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:"
} |
What do the police do if the US mainland is invaded? | [
"It's not really their responsibility. This is a military, and State militia(National Guard)issue. They are not armed in any way shape or form to deal with a military."
] | [
"Follow up, if this warrant a new post please tell me: How did politicians and the general public react when they found out these companies were aiding Nazi forces in WW2?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Where do the rivers get all their water from? | [
"The [water cycle](_URL_0_) You probably just missed the day they went over it in 4th grade."
] | [
"Japan is something called an Island. Islands are in the middle of the sea. Fish come from the sea."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Environment:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Environment:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How our noses get "used" to a smell | [
"The brain is lazy. New smells can mean new danger or new food sources. But after enough exposure that clue is no longer important so the brain moves on to more pressing issues."
] | [
"This is probably more likely your taste receptors becoming less sensitized to the flavors in the food, similar to how your nose becomes used to a particular odor after a while and you can no longer smell it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How are space rockets steered? I don't see any fins or flaps like on a plane | [
"During launch, the engine nozzles do indeed swivel a bit to help steer-- this is called gimballing. In space, very small thrusters pointing different directions are used to control the orientation of the spacecraft so that engine burns are made in the right direction. There is also a technique called spin-stabiliz... | [
"The shuttle has wings, but only uses them to glide in for a landing when re-entering the Earth's atmosphere. It does not function as an airplane, just a really heavy glider. It needs to be ferried by something more practical."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Aerospace Engineering:"
} |
Why do we use urine to test for pregnancy? | [
"Do you have a vagina? Why would anyone want to swab their vagina instead of pee? Peeing is less invasive."
] | [
"They're testing largely for things that should not be there, including bacteria, glucose, proteins, and even cells. They may also test the pH, which may change depending on medications you take."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why does sunburn tend to be more severe near the edges of clothing? | [
"If you get sun exposure frequently, the exposed areas of your skin get darker to protect it from the sun (think farmer's tan). The places that are not covered near the edges are not as well protected and can burn if your clothes shift. With the same amount of sun exposure, these areas will have a more severe sunbu... | [
"Blood is rushed to those areas for repair thus causing the feeling of more heat in a specific piece of your body."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Science:"
} |
The US Interstate Highway System | [
"Roads going North-South are odd numbered, with the low numbers in the West. Roads going East-West are even numbered, with the low numbers in the South. These primary roads have one or two digits. Roads that have 3 digits branch off of the main 2 digit road. (For example, where I live, I-695 branches off of I-95.)"... | [
"Only if the federal government let it. See: American Civil War"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What the difference is between Aspirin, Acetaminophen, and Ibuprofin. What are the pros and cons of each drug and in what circumstances should I use one over the other? | [
"1. Take Tylenol for a fever 2. Take ibuprofen for aches/ pains 3. Take aspirin as a blood thinner to prevent heart attack (when recommended by your doctor) 4. Don't take too much"
] | [
"SUDAFED is the name brand for the drug Pseudoephedrine (PSE for short). PSE is simply a nasal decongestant and does not fight any infections, it only helps relieve the symptoms of nasal congestion. So, whether you take the medication or not will not make a difference on your immune system. Check with your Doctor... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why Paper Is Generally White? | [
"Paper is bleached during the manufacturing process because colors stand out better against a white background."
] | [
"Being Black Does Actually Have (Relatively Minor) Health Consequences, It's Just That They're Obviated By Modern Life. There's An Energy Cost To Have Extra Melanin, Even A Small One, So If You Don't Need It It Won't Be Selected For. Melanin Reduces Vitamin-D Uptake From The Sun If Sunlight Is Lower Than You're Ada... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why are Japanese WWII war crimes almost never mentioned? | [
"\"Never mentioned\" in what context? The rape of Nanking, comfort women, and the Bataan Death March were all introduced to me in high school history class."
] | [
"Why is the US so upset over the labeling of US treatment of Native Americans as a genocide?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Sometimes when you pinch yourself in one spot on your body & it stings, a completely different spot on your body itches/hurts/stings. These spots are totally unrelated... Why is that? | [
"because they're not exactly unconnected. the whole nervous system in your body is connected in the end. like when you begin chopping down a tree at the bottom, the top leaves shake. it all goes through your body, into the spine, and from the spine to your brain. and since these feelings are basically electrical si... | [
"I would guess nerve endings. My SO at the time poked me in my belly button one time and I felt a sharp pain in my anus area. No joke."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Health and Wellness:"
} |
What makes computers 'slow down' as they get older? | [
"Hardware wise, the only thing that degrades is your hard drive. It's the only part of the computer with mechanical parts and they wear out over time, get slower and can't read your data as quickly. There is also software based slow down. That's where you keep installing more and more programs and they each day a t... | [
"This is assuming that your PC is properly maintained and cooled. Leaving it on at all times will wear out some parts faster, but in most PC's it's not fast enough to really matter. You'll probably end up upgrading parts or buying a new PC before it really matters. Some people leave their computers on all the time ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
What is physically happening when you have a stuffy nose? Why does your nose continue to feel stuffy and blocked even after blowing your nose? | [
"It stays blocked because the lining of your sinuses actually swells up, making your sinuses constrict. The more you blow your nose, the more you irritate that lining, thus leading your sinuses to swell more and further exacerbating your stuffy nose."
] | [
"Because you've been lying down and not swallowing, the extra thick mucus your nose is producing during your cold has been dripping down your throat all night and irritating the crap out of it. During the day you swallow, drink, and eat which helps clear the mucus out. You're probably also blowing your nose instead... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How people like Jim Sterling get copyright claims filed against their videos for a mere 30 second audio clip, when fan made lyric and concert videos, with sometimes more than a million views and uploaded many years prior, seemingly don't get affected | [
"People upload music that they have no rights to. Then, either they lose all rights to monetize the video, or all money goes to the owner of the song, or the video is muted, or gets taken down. This depends on how strict the music maker is. Those huge concert videos with many views aren't monitized, or all profits ... | [
"That's not what the current issue is about, it's about monetizing. People can make money from their videos based on the number of hits. The new content ID system scans whole videos for even a tiny fragment of copyrighted content and tries to give all monetization of the video to the people it thinks own the copyri... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
what happens when lightning strikes and the power goes out for a minute or two then comes back on. | [
"There are grid protection systems, basically big versions of the circuit breakers you have at home, that can be tripped by a lightning strike or other events during a storm. These big circuit breakers are smart enough to check to see whether there is still a problem (tree on a line or something), or if the problem... | [
"They do make shadows. The shadows move very fast though. I live near an airport and every now and then it lines up perfectly where a plane flying gets between me and the sun, and for the briefest moment all the sunlight is blocked from coming into my apartment. If you blinked, youd miss it. But its really neat whe... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Physics:"
} |
How did reddit botch the Boston Marathon bombing investigation? | [
"Reddit went into full witch hunt mode and basically started scanning images of the crowd looking for anyone \"suspicious\", seemingly defined by Reddit as brown people with backpacks. After one such person was found in the audience, a sequence of extrapolations was made and Reddit came to the conclusion that the b... | [
"Did you try to kill yourself during the reddit blackout?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about gun silencing:"
} |
Why do people feel cold when they're scared? | [
"Your body has a safe mode. When perceiving fear your body undergoes vasoconstriction, which diverts blood flow from your extremities in order to keep your vital organs safe."
] | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
My Macbook's specs are similar to that of a good gaming PC, so why is it so bad at gaming? | [
"If you have a current gen Macbook, you've got a 1.1 GHz M-5Y31 processor. A modern gaming PC would have a mid-to-good range Intel processor like an i5-4690K or i7-4790K, which are 8-11x as powerful. For graphics, you've got the integrated Intel HD-5300. A gaming graphics card like an R9 290x is around 17x as power... | [
"The easiest way is to compare the specs to something that you already have. I'd think that that is a fairly decent laptop (barring the Intel Integrated graphics, that's usually a sign that it will suck at gaming). My general rules are that more Ghz are better. My lame laptop has 1.5 Ghz with 1 core, while my gamin... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do girls' names end with "a" in so many cultures? | [
"In ancient Latin, the basis for a large amount of languages, all words had a genders. For example the Latin word 'servus' (-us) is the noun for a male slave, while serva (-a) is the noun for a female slave. This was adapted by these languages, therefore a lot of girl names end in -a"
] | [
"Rhyming is entirely cultural! Some cultures consider it important, and some cultures probably wouldn't even notice if they rhymed by accident. For instance, rhyming really isn't a thing in most east asian languages, but you'll hear it all over the place in Europe."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is the difference between TVs that are the same size and quality? For example: A 720p 32 inch led tv from Hisense manufactured in 2011 vs a 720p 32 inch led tv from Samsung manufactured in 2016. | [
"Some parameters that might be different: * Brightness. A TV that's not bright enough will be difficult to watch in brightly lit environments, like a sunlit room. * Contrast. The difference between the brightest and darkest color the TV can display. Higher contrast means deeper blacks and brighter whites. * Color r... | [
"I believe most phone screens are/or are similar to the very expensive OLED technology. Most manufacturers have got it figured out on a small scale (phone screens/tablets) but have not gotten the right production yields to make big 60in TV's in an affordable price range. I just bought essentially one of the best TV... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do we tell where sounds are coming from if its only coming in through two holes? | [
"Its not only coming in through two holes, its coming in from all directions The majority of the sound comes in through your ear canal; however, there is a very significant portion that reaches your cochlea by passing through your skull. Your brain has a very elaborate map of how various parts of your head slow and... | [
"There might be a physical difference. in some headphones they are mirror images of each other. In others they are interchangeable. but much sound is in stereo. This means that separate sounds are sent to each of the two earphones. If you are watching a show, this could make a real difference. A noise from left of... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why is sexual reproduction so much more common than asexual? Fundamentally, what makes it better? | [
"I'm not a scientist, but logic seems to dictate the idea of genetic diversity. The lack thereof tends to produce health problems in many species. Based on the concept of natural selection, the species who thrived were the ones with the strongest genes or, at least the best adaptability."
] | [
"From the standpoint of evolution, the more you can diversify DNA in reproduction, the better. The opposite of inbreds, so to speak."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does evolution actually work? | [
"> What if humans somehow faced an existential threat that could only be addressed by being amphibian or being able to fly and we didn't have technology to help us overcome these hardships, how would humans develop these abilities through evolution? We wouldn't necessarily. We might go extinct. Mutations happen ran... | [
"What's to explain? Why we have it? How it works?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is like to have dementia? | [
"One description I heard is that if you forgot where you put your keys then that's a bad memory. If you forget *what your keys are for* then that's dementia. Imagine living in a world surrounded by things that don't make sense. People talk to you like they know you, but you've never met them before. They keep telli... | [
"What do you want to know about them exactly?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
If Earth is 97% salt water, why haven't we evolved to be able to consume it? | [
"If the earths atmosphere has another's couple hundred metres of breathable air why didn't we evolve to fly? Why didn't we evolve to be able to eat grass? A: millions of factors go into dictating an evolutionary path and I guess drinking salt water wasn't high on our priority list given all the fresh water on earth... | [
"To survive in water, a fish has to have a body and organs capable of maintaining the correct balance of salt within their own body. A freshwater fish's body has to work to *retain* salt, because all the water around it is not salty and will leech salts away over time if unchecked. A saltwater fish's body has to wo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does time slow down the faster we get? Say, reaching lightspeed? | [
"Lightspeed is just a conversion constant. Like a meter is 3.28084 feet, a second is 299,792,458 meters. What this sorta means is that you can travel time or space, but never both perfectly. If you imagine time on one axis and 90 degrees opposite, there's an axis for space. You have a line that can make some angle ... | [
"Speed is relative to the observer. So the fly is just flying at whatever speed a fly flies at from the drivers standpoint. If the fly is moving in the same direction as the car then the fly is moving fly speed + car speed for an observer on the road. Very similar to how if I'm standing still and you are next to me... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why does coffee seen to only be enjoyable at extreme temperatures? Anything in between tastes like mocha-vomit. | [
"Your premise is wrong. Get better coffee. No, really. When I had trouble with gastritis, I went ot of my way to buy coffee roasted at a small, local roastery that was still OK for me to drink. What the owner of the shop told me was this: If you have really good coffee, you can drink it cold, too, and it won't tas... | [
"I literally have the exact opposite problem, and I'm not even a huge snob. Peet's Coffee + French Press = heaven. All the restaurants I go to the coffee tastes burnt, or not brewed long enough"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
In today's world, how does one become a knight? | [
"The monarch of Great Britain grants knighthoods (in this case Queen Elizabeth). It can only be granted to British citizens although there is an honorary knighthood that she grants (Bono and Bill Gates are examples of this). They cannot be called \"sir\" but can append the initials KBE to their name. Basically nota... | [
"There's a big difference between being good with words and having the talents required to write dictionaries."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
What actually happened to Blockbuster? | [
"Their industry was based on people actually going to the store to rent a movie and bringing it back. It is a totally outdated form of entertainment now. Redbox is cheaper, streaming and on-demand are much more convenient."
] | [
"A few weeks ago, my wife and I saw Back To The Future at the theater. Month or so before that, saw Ghostbusters. It happens. Just not often."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why does the USA sell plastic bottles of Coke and Pepsi. But my local Mexican market sells it in glass? | [
"Glass bottles are more expensive to make than plastic...*but* in Mexico, incomes are low enough that people generally find returning the glass bottles worth their time in order to receive the deposit. So, in Mexico, Coke is sold in heavy-duty reusable glass bottles which are simply washed and refilled upon being r... | [
"Bottled water is available there also, but you hardly hear about it because bottled water doesn't have the marketing budget of a small country like Coca Cola pumps into marketing for it's Soft Drinks."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why are torrents illegal, but no one seems to have a problem with the websites that take the audio off Youtube videos? | [
"Torrents themselves are not illegal. Bittorrent is simply a method of distributing files."
] | [
"Pirate bay is not illegal at all. See Pirate Bay does not give you anything, it just points you to where you can get things. Pirate bay serves as a method to find torrents, but it does not host or distribute the files itself. Now you downloading the files, and those files being sent to you, thats illegal."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why does red on a blue background or vice versa hurt our eyes? | [
"Certain high contrasting colors are difficult to focus on. It doesn't physically hurt our eyes, it's your eyes straining themselves to actually focus. One that always gets me is the Walmart sign at night. I know what it says, but it's hard for me to focus and read it without staring at it. The big blue letters are... | [
"Pixels. The white areas are composed of red greed and blue pixels. Your brain sees those colours, white, and black, at the same time and doesn't know what to do. Looking away means your brain has to again, readjust - thus the wobbly-ness. On a side note, I'm going to be setting that picture as everyone's wallpaper... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If credit unions offer better loan rates, better customer service, and generally lower service charges, what's the purpose of using a bank? | [
"In my experience, credit unions do not always have better loan rates. They also tend to have higher requirements for down payments and such (which makes sense because they are smaller and have to mitigate risk more). Also, while they usually have better customer service, they usually do not have online services th... | [
"USAA is not beholden to shareholders but to it's members, so USAA members get to share in all the benefits of any profits made by the bank. That combined with the fact that have very little brick and mortar establishments and are primarily an online bank are why their rates are so much better. Anyone can open a ba... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
benefits of different pay types from business stand point | [
"Hourly and non-exempt are almost exactly the same, and is often a matter of convenience to the employer. Hourly is more common in jobs where productive can be easily measured, like shift work. If a machine operator is late to their shift, the machine sits idle and that time is lost. Such jobs often involve punchi... | [
"Very briefly it sums to about this Accounting - management of money and numbers / finance - analysis of market for investment"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
If all life evolved from single celled organisms, does that mean trees and humans have a common ancestor? How did plants and animals evolve into separate groups? | [
"Yes, in fact all life on Earth has a common ancestor if you go back far enough. Plants and animals are both types life that have nuclei in their cells, and all life with cellular nuclei have a common ancestor that is not shared with bacteria. But plants evolved from a cell that became photosynthetic with chlo... | [
"There is a lot of debate on the subject. And it very strongly depends on what you define as a creature. Evolution from microbes and proteins in the ocean is the answer to where larger creatures come from. Where the proteins came from is up for debate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do men naturally have Adam's apples but women do not? | [
"Actually, women do have Adam's apples—they just aren't as large or pronounced as men—usually. The \"Adam's Apple\" is another name for the \"laryngeal prominence\" which is just cartilage built to protect the front of the larynx, including the vocal cords. The Adam's apple is considered to be a feature of adult me... | [
"It's just genetics. Some men get hair on their chest at 14, others don't get the until they're 30+."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How come some of my subs randomly disappear from my drop down menu? | [
"You can only have a certain amount of subscriptions in your drop down at any given time. I believe the limit is 50 but I might be wrong on the exact number. Which subs are shown seems to be randomized, and it changes depending on which sub you're visiting when you click on the drop down."
] | [
"Do the links for the these videos often appear on the sides by advertisements?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How is Anaphylactic shock actually helping the body? | [
"The body isn't trying to achieve anything. It's being mangled by its own immune system- allergies happen because the body perceives something as a threat that isn't one. It causes the immune system to end up producing too much histamine, which causes extremely adverse effects (and possibly death)."
] | [
"How do you know you don’t have exercise induced asthma?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Health and Fitness:"
} |
The difference between a "nocebo" and a "placebo" | [
"They're similar things. Both of them are items which have no real effect on the human body, but the person will actually feel some effects because of preconceived notions. The big difference is that placebos will result in a positive effect and nocebos in a negative effect."
] | [
"To be effective, a placebo would need a massive industry devoted to tricking people into thinking that the placebo is actual, special medication that works and is **definitely not a placebo.** We call this homeopathy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why air feels cooler when it's moving. | [
"You're constantly producing heat - this forms a bubble of warmth around you - moving air blows that bubble of warm air away and lets your body get rid of more heat."
] | [
"Oooh makes air come out faster causing a small amount of wind chill that makes it feel colder. Aaah makes the air come out slower so you feel the tempurature of where the air came from (inside a body)"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage about Physics:"
} |
(Mathematical) Powers - what's "going on" when the exponent has decimals? | [
"Consider the identity: (x^y )^z =x^(yz) Then if y=10 and z=0.1 we have (x^10 ) ^0.1 =x^(10*0.1) =x So, taking the (0.1)^th power is the same as taking a tenth root. Similarly, taking the (0.01)^th power is the same as taking a 100^th root, and so on. For decimals that aren't nice fractions you can do something lik... | [
"Starting with just the counting numbers (1,2,3...), everything is easy But then subtraction comes along and people say, what happens when you take a bigger number from a smaller number? So we invent negative numbers. Then, later we start using division, it's mostly ok, but what happens when we divide two numbers t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why is everything more expensive in Australia | [
"One factor would be where Australia is situated the world. That is to say, the cost of certain goods will be higher simply because of the time & distance they need to travel to get there. Here's an excerpt from a Wiki article regarding 'Transportation Geography': “The ideal transport mode would be instantaneous,... | [
"Because it's cheaper to have it made in other countries."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why aren't ocean-faring boats covered to keep out the water? (pseudo-submarine) | [
"Like, container ships? Because they're loaded and unloaded from the top. In the port, a huge gantry rolls along over them, picks the containers up one by one, and deposits them on a shore vehicle. You couldn't do that if the ship had a roof. Cruise ships? They basically are already. The only stuff on the outside o... | [
"1) it takes a lot of energy 2) fire is bad on ships Some ships can do it if they have power to spare (like navy ships). Otherwise your just trading propane for water. Might as well stock water."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do video games make such extensive use of bump mapping, parallax mapping, etc? How are all those layers of texture calculations more efficient than simply adding more polygons? | [
"Turns out one or two additional texture samples per pixel and some more complicated shading is far less processing than handling the several orders of magnitude more polygons necessary to accomplish similar visual results. Because to add the same amount of detail as a bump/texture map gives requires you to add *a ... | [
"Aliasing is just the name of the visual artifact caused on edges when triangles are drawn on your computer screen. It happens because, from the perspective of your graphics card, each pixel either is or isn't inside a certain triangle in your game, causing harsh looking edges called jaggies. It's really noticeable... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about videogame development:",
"pos": "Represent the text about videogame development:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
When a heartbreaking situation like the bridge collapse at Florida International University occurs what kind of liability falls upon the engineers themselves, and are they subject to criminal charges like murder if negligence is proven? | [
"They could absolutely be charged with murder, if they can prove a felony was committed. If say, hypothetically, it turns out that corners were cut on the construction materials or process so the guy in charge could keep the extra money for himself, that's embezzlement, which is a felony. The felony then lead to t... | [
"That fully depends on the country/state that you live in. In some places you can be held accountable for any injury, in some you can be held accountable if there was injury due to your negligence (lack of maintenance, lack of warning sign, etc), and in some their trespassing negates all rights to sue you for any i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why hasn't anyone been to the Moon since 1972? | [
"There's not much left to do there. The US perfected their rocket systems, planted their flag, picked up some rocks, and said \"neener-neener-neener\" to the USSR, and once that's all done, the moon's really just a boring rock. Until we have the technology to start colonizing it, it's not worth the billions and bil... | [
"Wait. They sent out a boat to respond January 20th and it arrived June 18th? Is that correct?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How does something you don’t literally consume, like a video game, become addicting? | [
"Your body produces happy hormones when you do certain actions. Some actions make more happy hormones happen. Things like video games can become addictive for some people because of that."
] | [
"Psychological/marketing studies have found that people actually enjoy things like movies or books more if they've already had a portion of the story spoiled. It seems counter intuitive, but it makes sense. Before you consume any other product, from beer to cars, you want to know a fair bit about it before you buy ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
in general, what is it like to be a cop? | [
"I think you want /r/askreddit for that question, it doesn't really fit here."
] | [
"In the real world why would anyone want to be a politician?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how can one buy a company? | [
"Call up Valve and say \"I want to buy your company\" After that you get together the terms of the deal and as long as both sides agree than its done. This can get more complicated for companies that are publically traded as it may have to go to a vote of some of the shareholders and board(s), but really its just g... | [
"Thats the best way to get a view?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How can my farts smell like food that I've eaten less than 10 minutes ago? | [
"farts smell like poop. were you eating poop?"
] | [
"> How come if I eat 4 pounds of macaroni and cheese then step on the scale immediately after it doesn't say that I gained 4 pounds? Because you either didn't actually eat four pounds of mac and cheese, or your scale is inaccurate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
(feminine question) why is it that when menstruating, especially the first couple days, cold liquids make you cramp 10 times worse? | [
"Just gonna say I'm a female who had debilitating periods and the above never happened to me."
] | [
"I have ulcerative colitis and when my stomach can't digest the food and makes my stomach hurt it relaxes the muscles and makes the pain go away 100%."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about health:"
} |
Why do Republicans and Democrats argue about what happens when the minimum wage is increased? Aren't there real world examples that can be studied to determine the truth? | [
"In the world of Economics, interpretation rules; for every expert there is an equal and opposite expert. Although called a 'Science' and with aspirations towards that status, Economics remains a playground of uncertainty."
] | [
"This is an excellent question that you unfortunately will probably not have properly answered in your lifetime. There are two reasons for this: 1. It is still intensely relevant to our current politics. How someone is inclined to interpret the New Deal is almost directly correlated to their contemporary political ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
When we eat take in a substantially low number of calories in a day, our bodies go into "starvation mode", which causes the body to burn far fewer calories over time, without necessarily decreasing activity and a person's energy. Why isn't the body always in this mode to conserve energy? | [
"There isn't really a starvation mode. At most your drop 15% in metabolism alone. The remaining reductions come from weight loss, less energy expenditure from general activity, reduction of muscle mass. What you don't use you lose. The body does this regularly. Its pretty darn efficient day to day. You lose muscle ... | [
"You reduce the carb intake low enough that the body starts to burn fat for energy instead of using carbohydrates as the main source of energy. This increases fat burn which means you lose weight faster but still have the energy to do things."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
the science/biology/chemistry behind capsicain and hot peppers such as ghost pepper and Carolina reaper and how the body reacts | [
"Capsaicin binds to a receptor in nerves responsible for signalling heat, activating those nerves. Those nerves then send the signal to your brain that they are detecting heat, which causes the burning sensation in your mouth. More capsaicin means more of those heat-sensing nerves get activated, making your mouth f... | [
"The answer is they are, but in their own sauces. Wasabi, mustard, and horseradish produce a different \"kind\" of hot. Hot-sauce hot is from capsaicin, which comes from peppers, which is why they are used in your standard hot sauce."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
When I look at a map of the world, it seems like the UK is about the same latitude as Newfoundland. Why, then is the temperature in Pennsylvania -2 degrees F, while in the UK, the temperature is 34 degrees F. | [
"The UK has very mild winters for how far north it is on the basis of ocean currents. The gulf stream peters out right off the coast of western Europe, and all that warm water (not hot, like a few degrees warmer than otherwise) prevents the formation of much ice and keeps even cold snaps from really hitting Europe ... | [
"Fun fact about Minneapolis is that it is exactly halfway between the North Pole and the Equator. The 45th parallel runs through its city limits. But the earth is tilted at an angle of 23.5 degrees. In the summer, Minneapolis get the same power of sunlight as a city at 21.5 degrees north would on March 21st. That's... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why is flossing good for your heart? | [
"According to my dentist: Regular flossing removes plaque build up in and around your teeth. Once the plaque has hardened, bacteria and infection can develop along your gum line which is overall bad for your mouth and body. EDIT: Removed misinformation. Thanks /u/beerhawk!"
] | [
"Brushing isn't just about teeth health, its mouth hygiene for gums, tongue etc. Plus it's good practice to get them into the habit early."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How would an astronaut know how fast (s)he is going in space travel to Mars for example without communicating with Earth or using it as a reference. | [
"You can often tell how far you are moving by using the sun (or the earth) as a reference point and doing some math. Sort of like if you are driving down a highway with mountains in the distance, if yesterday they were near you and today they're back that way you can do some math (trigonometry) and figure out how m... | [
"ELI5: If you move very very fast, or if you are nearby a strong gravitational pull (black hole), you experience time slower relatively to when you are not moving fast/no strong gravitational pull. This is a fact and is not theoretical physics. It has been confirmed by numerous experiments, and for example the GPS... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Science and Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the post about Science and Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why has the USA developed such a liberal prescription system when it comes to pain killers compared with other Western countries who are much more strict about? | [
"Press Ganey (patient satisfaction) scores affect hospital reimbursement, which means physicians are incentivized to cave to patient demands for things like pain meds or antibiotics. Patients are of the mindset that they should never be in pain, so their physician *has* to completely relieve all their pain. In my ... | [
"Being addictive is only one consideration given to whether something is considered controlled. Other major factors include how likely a side effect might occur from using the drug and how severe those side effect can be. Another consideration is how the drug affects people, especially during long term use. Each co... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
exactly what determines the fluctuations of gas prices at my local gas station? | [
"in a short run it's local competition and gasolines wholesale price. No competition means higher prices. In a longer run or in different states/countries there is going to be other factors like taxes and fees, local regulation, other costs (like transportation), crude oil price witch affects gasolines wholesale p... | [
"The cost of barrel of crude might be half what is was 1981 but all the other costs of getting it to the pump have gone up."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Economics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Economics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How exactly did the older generation 'ruin our economy'? | [
"We can agree that the economy crashed badly, though 'ruined' is a bit too much id say. Right? it did crash badly? Okay, now that that's established. Who were the people in charge of the government and corporaitons, etc, that were directly responsible for the economic collapse? The older generation."
] | [
"Here's what I learned from this thread: - Life wasn't really that good anyway - It's my own fault for not saving - My standards are higher than people back then - We have too many bills now - Women joined the workforce - The politicians did it - The jobs went overseas - Corporate executives are taking more money t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How did La Manzanilla get a direct hit from a hurricane with 200+ mph winds and yet most building were relatively undamaged? | [
"Two things: 1) You can build to deal with the wind: the Saffir-Simpson scale assumes houses built in the time and place is was made. Houses that aren't as rigid (as are often seen in poorer places that see hurricanes regularly) can sway more in the wind; and houses built using better materials can stand up better ... | [
"There are videos from Khao Lak that are devastating. I think the waves were about 30 feet and it killed like 4500 people there. Knocked the roof off 3 story buildings. I've never heard anyone mention waves as big as you're talking about. They didn't need to be."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why are most commercial airliners made with wings positioned on the bottom of the fuselage instead of the top? And why are there no airplanes with wings attached to the middle of the fuselage? | [
"Passenger planes want the engines low down for easy maintenance - military planes want them high up to avoid the engines sucking in debris. You dont tend to get planes with wings going through the middle because the structural supports for the wings would go through the passenger/cargo area"
] | [
"I'm sorry, I'm trying to think of a plane like you are describing and I cannot think of any. Cockpits are usually positioned towards the front to give the best possible view. What you may be noticing is a shift in where the engine is. Propeller driven planes have the engine in front, jet powered planes have their ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Aerospace Engineering:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Aerospace Engineering:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How does food turn into a living body? | [
"The digestive system rips it all apart into tiny tiny buts, and absorbs those it wants into the bloodstream. Cells are set up to take in the building blocks they want and need from the bloodstream. In side the cells are a lot of little \"organelles\". Some are power plants. Some store things. A few, are construc... | [
"It is destroying your cells by turning them into virus factories."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post about Medical:"
} |
Why is canned dog food labeled as "not fit for human consumption" if it contains standard human-friendly ingredients like chicken, lamb, rice etc? | [
"Because it is not inspected in the same way and to the same level of hygiene as human food. The disclaimer lets you know that the FDA doesn't stand behind the food and if you ate it and got sick you would find it very hard to litigate."
] | [
"They eat a lot of things like organs, fat, and bone marrow that contain more nutrients than the normal cuts of meat you'd find at the grocery store. It's entirely possible to meet your nutritional requirements on a totally carnivorous diet if you're willing to eat the \"gross\" parts of animals."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
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