query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
What is the far-right and what is the far-left? What is the left and what is the right? | [
"If it doesn't make sense to you, it's because it shouldn't. Left and right are meant do divide people based on their different beliefs. For instance, we may agree on a lot of things but because we don't agree on something like abortion, we are meant to identify with different sides of the spectrum and therefore ov... | [
"Are you referring to the Venstre, Danmarks Liberale Parti? The word left is right there in the name (Venstre). It's also described as a conservative-liberal party which means they represent liberal values with conservative policies i.e. the right-wing of the liberal movement. The liberal part in the party's name r... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Political Science:"
} |
Are signatures a legal thing? | [
"Signature has no inherit legal power in the US. It is not even required for a contract to be valid. However, it is commonly used for evidentiary purposes in a dispute to show you authorized the action. You may change your signature at any time or use multiple signatures concurrently. The latter is rare, but recom... | [
"What's the reasoning behind term limits being a good idea?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How scents are derived from different woods and used in fragrances | [
"In general you put wood in some kind of carrier for fragrances. It may be oil or another liquid which suits you. “Fragrance” flows from wood to your oil. Oil (another liquid) smells. Thats it. You can later purify it, extract certain chemicals from your oil etc."
] | [
"Flavors are just chemicals that react with the taste buds in your tongue in various ways. Natural flavors are chemicals found in naturally occurring products. Artificial flavors are chemicals that food scientists research and synthesize. It's organic chemistry either way."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why doesn't email cost a very small amount to stop spam? | [
"Because that would put a barrier on entry for people who want to use email. Whichever email service starts charging for people to send emails will lose a lot of users. In addition, why is the responsibility for stopping spam borne by the email providers?"
] | [
"Because they have to pay for the data transfer. Bandwith isn't free by any stretch of the imagination. Any time you want to send information anywhere, it costs money, bandwith costs a lot. They are charged for every bit."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why do most games don't support SLI? | [
"The difficulty is that it's really damn hard to develop for. I'm not sure it's possible to explain this to a layman without providing a couple of years of programming knowledge first"
] | [
"> Why do nvidia cards with lower performance on paper How do you mean 'on paper'?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How is it that copying a 1Gb file takes less than a minute, but copying 22,000 lines and 20 columns in MS Excel takes forever and potentially crashes the software? | [
"You can compare it to trying to move a 10 kg box filled with marbles, and 5 kg of marbles without a box. For some reason moving the marbles are easier when they are in a box, even though you are moving more."
] | [
"Historically, archives had the option to be split into equal segments to fit on a portable memory medium (Some of us will never forget the number 1.457, that is the capacity of a 3.5\" floppy disk). Nowadays they can be split for a similar reason, for example an on-line storage allowing max 100MB pieces. Or back w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
(if possible) How bitcoins are given worth, who creates them, and how they are "created" or added into circulation? | [
"How are they given worth? People wanting them, people trading things for them, just general hype around it. ; the network creates them as a reward for mining a block, they are created/added into circulation by people using computers/hardware/gpus to \"mine\" (perform calculations to find the right answer) a block,... | [
"The \"mining\" is really running the brains of the encryption itself. Without miners, their is no computing power to protect the currency or make it work. That really was the novelty of bitcoin. An independent economy where helping the currency run paid you in the currency itself."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
why do things still blur in and out of focus when one of my eyes is closed? | [
"Focus is mostly controlled by the shape of the lens in your eye. I think that you're thinking of depth perception which is primarily determined by having two views of the same object."
] | [
"I believe the alcohol affect your the area of you brain responsible for vision which affects your eyes ability to properly focus. While you might be trying to look at something near to you, your eyes may be focusing on something far away and vice-versa. It has happened to me on a few occasions. I'll be looking at... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How are some animals able to sit and run across power lines, but sometimes they are electrocuted and killed by them? | [
"The power lines never cause electrocution unless the animal is able to connect it to the ground. Which isn't really possible unless the line is damaged. The place that would probably be most likely to electrocute an animal would be somewhere on the telephone pole near the transformer (that silver garbage can looki... | [
"Most of the overhead lines are not insulated, due to cost factors. They would be dangarous if you came too close to them while being grounded, say climbing up a aluminum ladder. You don't even need to touch them. If they are damaged, like flopping around on the ground it would definitly be a good idea to stay far ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How do juice companies maintain a consistent flavour even though there are no 'added flavours or sugar'? | [
"I know how they do it with orange juice. Basically, they take their harvest and store it in massive tanks long-term. They mix several yields together to give an average flavor of several thousands/millions of oranges. Alongside some extra processing, it makes for crazy consistency in flavor. Not necessarily the be... | [
"Natural flavors encompasses a large number of different things, pretty much anything that comes form a plant or animal and used for flavoring (as opposed to the major substance of the food). It's intentionally left vague on labeling to preserve the \"secret recipe\" of various foods."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
9/11 Discussion Thread | [
"Remain **unbiased**. We do not consider fringe theories to be acceptable. Anything you portray to be true must be considered true by the overall consensus of people who would know. This doesn't mean you can't talk about conspiracy theories--asking about them, why people believe them, etc--but if you portray someth... | [
"Side 1 - For Vaccines: -Science Side 2 - Against Vaccines: -Paranoid idiocy"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why can't Microsoft sue Apple for copying the Microsoft Surface? | [
"Copyright is for expressions, not things. You can copyright a book, movie or play but you can't copyright a tablet computer, you'd have to patent that."
] | [
"Microsoft seem to be fed up of supporting anything mobile related. Try working with Windows CE5."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
What would happen if I dug a small hole 5m down into soil, and then started digging out a 10m*10m room? Would the soil collapse? Is it legal to do this? | [
"5m down is not what would be called a small hole if we are talking about working round a property. Depending on the type of ground you are digging it could start to collapse on itself after abuot 1m, sometimes even less. Don't fuck around with something like this if you don't know what you are doing."
] | [
"The deeper you drill the more pressure is experienced by the equipment, not to mention the rock density changes dramatically, meaning new types of drilling cutters are needed, and would have to be changed more often. My question is what would be the point? What are you trying to do make a man made volcano? ------... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
If my internal body temperature is 98.6 degrees, why do I feel hot in a room where its 80 degrees? | [
"Your body is continually generating heat. It's not like an oven that can just shut down when it get to the right temperature. Heat has to escape. It doesn't escape as well in 80 degree air as it does in 70 degree air."
] | [
"I don't think they are colder than the room, it just feels that way. Unless you keep the room at 96.5degrees F, most room temperatures are much colder than normal body temps"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is Windows 10 required after Skylake? | [
"It isn't; Skylake still gets support from Microsoft out through 2018. The reason as to why there is an expiration date is because Microsoft doesn't want to keep supporting Windows 7, just like they stopped supporting XP, and Vista, and all of their other OS. It drains resources that could be better spent on other ... | [
"Microsoft seem to be fed up of supporting anything mobile related. Try working with Windows CE5."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is there so much meat on chickens when all they do is stand around clucking all day? | [
"Chickens today are bred to have larger breasts, AND they usually get pumped full of hormones to make them grow quickly. I live in an area with many commercial chicken farms, and they all can take a chick straight from the egg to full grown bird ready to eat in less than 2 months. HERE IS THE KICKER. All of my frie... | [
"Humans are animals too. If we didn't invent this thing called \"work\" we'd also spend a lot of the day sleeping, lounging around, doing nothing. Otherwise known as the weekend."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How do rockets (and shuttles in their day) not fall over when they are moving slowly at launch. | [
"The fact that it is rising at all means that it is already countering the effect of gravity, at least in terms of up/down movement. As for falling over sideways, the rocket is designed so that the thrust is right under the center of mass; this, combined with the aerodynamic shape of the rocket, means that it's har... | [
"Because the rockets without fins can actually be steered by the rocket motor nozzle itself. Model rockets and even the old V2 German rockets were just fixed nozzles and needed fins to produce drag when the rocket attempted to \"tip\" thus keeping the bottom below the top. Also, model rockets do not leave the atmos... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What guides my mind to decide what I want in a romantic partner? | [
"There are tons of theories out there, but one that makes sense is that we are biologically programmed to be sexually attracted to people with whom we are genetically compatible (this theory suggests that kissing helps us discover genetic information without even knowing). If this theory is accurate then you're att... | [
"I am no expert but, people tend to want to satisfy their curiosity and that includes delving into the taboo."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is heterochromia so seemingly common in Huskies unlike all other dog breeds? | [
"Huskies, like lots of dog breeds, are pretty inbreed. Inbreeding has a tendency to proliferate recessive genes, or at least give the opportunity more often for an individual to have both copies. In huskies, one of the recessive genes that happened to find its way into the population is for heterochromia."
] | [
"Huskies actually have a very different body shape than wolves. For one wolves are a lot more lanky (look at pictures of them side by side. German shelters have more wolf shape to them than huskies). Also, the coloring on most huskys has definite borders where the color changes on wolves more blend in at the lines.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
why do I feel the need to swallow a lot more whenever I have a sore throat? | [
"Everyone swallows periodically throughout the day to clear the saliva that accumulates in their mouth. It's so automatic that normally you don't notice it. When you have a sore throat, swallowing hurts because of the movement and pressure on the tissues lining your throat, which are irritated and sore. The pain ma... | [
"Why do they randomly twitch just once? I dunno. Why do you get a twitch that won't go away? Potassium deficiency. I used to get eye twitches all the time before I figured it out."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and Wellness:"
} |
How is Steam able to have such large discounts during sales? | [
"Some of game developers shared information about how it work. In general, if you give 50% discount - 2x people will buy your game and you get same money. But it doesn't work that in Steam. It depend on game, but usually discount get you more sales then you think. 10 percent sale = 35 percent increase in sales ... | [
"Steam is a webstore that sells digital copies of games for Windows, Mac and Linux. There is a free client to download that is required to play games purchased from Steam. Steam is popular because of its deep discounted sales and its unobtrusive DRM."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why are water parks allowed to stay open in states with droughts? | [
"in extreme cases, they are. under less dire circumstances, however, their usage of water is considered necessary to the operation of their business. the economic damage caused by their closure can be regarded as greater than the threat posed by the water usage. those places also go to great lengths to recycle wat... | [
"The drought lasted for several years. It will take several years of rain to end it. We may have had a lot of rain lately, but our lakes, reservoirs, and underground water tables are still at something like 30% full compared to what's normal when we don't have draughts."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
International student funding. | [
"A lot of people say a lot of silly, confused, or out-right false things. Just because someone says something, doesn't mean it is true. Unless they shows you the paper work and you verify it, don't believe someone who says the US government is paying them $90k a year to come to school here. It is entirely possible ... | [
"Advertising, selling info, and premium versions of the free stuff."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage about Technology:"
} |
Why do so many people who emigrate from the Middle East open convenience stores? | [
"Each culture has an 'in' to a particular business in each area. So, one Korean family will come and open a dry cleaning business. When their cousins come, they will tell them the tricks of the trade and the regulations and have the business model set, so their cousins open up another cleaning business one town ove... | [
"The main thing is that Poland immigrants going to North America went to the United States. Greek immigrants going to North America went to the United States. Irish immigrants going to North America went to the United States. Spanish immigrants going to North America went to Mexico, because it was a Spanish colony ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does Canada suck at cricket, unlike most other former British colonies? | [
"There's no answer other than it's just not very popular here. I live in Vancouver and as far as I'm aware there are only two cricket pitches here. I live several blocks away from one of them and I've only ever seen people playing on it once. I think we're more occupied with hockey, football, and American football.... | [
"I think it is because most countries don't care about it too much. Europe, most of Asia, most of Africa don't play it too much. The major countries who do play are the US, Japan and a couple of South and Central American countries."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do colds and flu symptoms feel worse at night? | [
"This has been answered many times before, but the long and the short of it (IIRC), is that the human body goes into \"rest and repair\" mode at nighttime, causing more blood to go to certain functions to help them heal and recover, which causes other bodily systems (like respiratory function, I'm guessing) to have... | [
"Treating the symptoms. The cold virus may change, but treating a stuffy nose and headaches doesn’t."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment about Medical:"
} |
What are the advantages of a company owning many competing and similar businesses? | [
"It allows them to crowd a market, which gives them greater exposure, which is all that matters in web advertising. Different names let them past different filters; if one site dies, they can always rebrand it and advertise it on the others to recapture the user base; each site may cater to different viewer types w... | [
"Companies like that usually have many different sorts of products."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why do most people eat when they feel like it, rather than when they're actually hangry? | [
"Part of it is evolutionary. There was no evolutionary benefit to not eating when you're not hungry because food wasn't a guarantee. That wouldn't have been selected against. In fact, it could've been selected for because someone who ate again when they weren't hungry survived when food wasn't available in the futu... | [
"I am on board with you mate. I experience the same thing. You would think that since you ate more recently (and supposedly your metabolism slows down when you are sleeping) that you should be less hungry than if you went to bed on an empty stomach. * I would add as a followup question: Why am I NOT hungry when I w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
If virtually all of my body's atoms are replaced with new ones in the timespan of a year, how does memory work? | [
"Memories and thoughts are defined by the specific relative arrangement of neurons and synapses to each other. When the atoms in your body/brain are replaced by new ones, it is done so orderly so that each molecule is replaced by a like molecule, more or less. This process maintains the same neurons and synapses an... | [
"The 2nd Law of Thermodynamics (which for our purposes says that the disorder in an isolated system can't go down over time) is statistical, not absolute. Over extremely large spans of time, the possibility of a fluctuation from a disordered to a more ordered state in any particular region approaches 100%. An etern... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why doesn't a popsicle or a freeze pop freeze like an ice cube? | [
"I'm guessing you mean why doesn't a freeze pop shatter your teeth, while ice cubes are as hard as^ice. It comes down to how ice is crystallized water. Just tap water makes for some pretty close to perfect ice crystals, so the ice is hard and takes a while to melt. A Popsicle has sugary syrup or fruit juice, and th... | [
"Your freezer is colder than the freezer at the store. The ice cream is able to get harder because of this. Don't adjust your freezer though."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How is data read off a cartridge? | [
"if you mean a catridge like the N64 or gamboy, inside the slit, down one side you will see the gold pin connectors which transfer the data to the console. Would be easier to show you: [Like this] (_URL_0_)"
] | [
"The pressed disk has data on it in special places that you can't write your own data to on a writeable disk."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are tongue twisters so difficult? | [
"The ability to move your mouth bits is a skill. Tongue twisters try to make you move your mouth to make similar sounds quickly. In an effort to be quick you end up not moving and end up repeating sounds and we all have a giggle. The people who practice can move faster and more accurately and tackle tough tongue tw... | [
"Also, why are some people not ticklish at all?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty | [
"> it is reasonable to assume that it is doing so secretly. This isn't reasonable at all since as you acknowledge there is zero evidence of any nuclear weapons programme in Iran, all their nuclear facilities are constantly monitored by the IAEA both through video camera and physical visits including many surprise o... | [
"High Crime + Dwindling Population + Crumbling Infrastructure + Diminishing Jobs = Perceived Shithole."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
History of America before Columbus visited? | [
"_URL_0_ Really interesting stuff. There were three major migrations. Basically, humans came into America via the land bridge, and started reproducing, moving outwards a few miles every generation. I started reading up on all of this during that \"greatest mysteries\" post in askreddit a few weeks back"
] | [
"Check out Robert E. May's *Manifest Destiny's Underworld*."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does the pouring sound of liquids change as the glass/container fills up? | [
"Because the container (the glass) in which the sound wave is resonating is getting smaller as the liquid fills the cup. A smaller container means sound waves with shorter wave lengths can resonate there, resulting in a higher pitch."
] | [
"They have different densities so the cold water is lower pitched than hot water because sound vibrations travel through the hot water more easily."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Physics:"
} |
Why are ears nose and throat connected? | [
"Because they are all dependant on air. Your ears require equal air pressure to function, otherwise, they'd pop. That's what happens if you fly around in space without a space suit and your uneducated enough to try to hold your breath."
] | [
"A lot of nerves in your ear canal link to most of your body. Tickling them makes your blood pressure drop and thus leads to pleasure. At least that's what I read. Correct me if I'm wrong."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health and wellness:"
} |
What is the difference between restroom and bathroom? | [
"in bathrooms the main purpose is to bathe, usually in your own home, a familys home, or a friends a restroom is usually a public place where you may defecate or urinate but doesn't offer bathing facilities"
] | [
"Why do some parts of the world call gasoline petrol?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Is there any substance that all (or nearly all) people are allergic to? | [
"The poison in Bee stings, jelly fish poison. The allergic reaction can vary from person to person, but all people will exhibit a small reaction of inflammation especially around the site of contact."
] | [
"The active ingredients are the ones supposed to have an effect. The inactive ones aren't supposed to have an effect, but they still need to be listed just in case someone is allergic or something."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why America has so many homeless veterans ? | [
"American culture is ruthless and cutthroat. You are expected to be self sufficient or you're second class. We send poor boys to go to war under the absurd delusion that they're hero's going off to kill the bad guys and they come back fucked up, and then we taboo mental illness and those who suffer from it. It's yo... | [
"\"About 72% of veterans are at least 50. It is not surprising, then, that the VA found that people in this age group account for 69% of veteran suicides — or more than 15 of the 22 per day.\" - Alan Zarembo, LA Times Most did not serve in combat in Iraq or Afghanistan."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
On a molecular level what makes materials, like duct tape, sticky? | [
"What makes duct tape sticky is a physical property of the material not a chemical property. The glue on the underside is made of a very thick fluid. It's not a solid, it's actually a liquid that is very viscous. Like extremely thick syrup. Materials that have this property of stickyness are called viscoelastic. Th... | [
"Little pieces of material are fused together. It only works for fusable materials like plastic or metal. Wood is cellular life, a completely different sort of thing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are there so many distinct accents in the UK, but Texas, a larger area, has only one accent? | [
"Hi, I'm a linguist. Texas has not been settled by English Speakers for nearly as long, but more importantly, ever since the founding of Texas, movement about within Texas was easy and common. Dialectal variation arises from isolation: when two groups of people do not interact for a long time, their languages diver... | [
"Literally everyone has an accent, regardless of their native language. (I live in Arkansas, for instance, and have a different accent than someone who lives in Nevada, or someone who lives in London, Sydney, or Ontario). Basically, yes, everyone who speaks English as a foreign language will have an accent, because... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How a nuclear detonation work? | [
"> once a nuke goes off, how is the reaction controlled? Umm...it isn't. That is sort of the point. The uncontrolled release of energy is what causes all the destruction. The shockwave, the fireball, the radiation, etc. That is the entire goal of a nuclear weapon. Plus, once it is detonated, it would be impossible... | [
"An atom bomb and a nuclear bomb are two terms used for the same type of weapon. They both use the concept of fission, which means they split atoms to create energy. A hydrogen, also know as a thermonuclear bomb, uses the concept of fusion. Instead of splitting atoms, they combine them to create even more energy. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why are object in the mirror closer than they appear? | [
"That phrase is only found on the passengers side mirror, where the mirror is slightly convex (fisheyed) in order to give you a bigger field of view to eliminate blind spots on that side."
] | [
"Someone told them what the answer is supposed to be."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Technology:"
} |
How come when you see video clips on the news filmed in public, some people's faces are blurred out but not all of them? | [
"The only reason I know is that those people may have specifically asked to remain anonymous."
] | [
"So characters in the back seat can be seen better. I don't know why they do it for scenes when no one is in the backseat, however."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How does adware end up getting packaged with legitimate software? | [
"The adware company can pay them money to include it, either as part of the program or an optional step in the installer, or, the website *hosting the download* may have decided to include it as an extra item since they'll make money. Downloading programs from Cnet seem to always have adware and toolbars added to t... | [
"There is no malware. \"Malware\" is a catch-all term for \"bad\" software (the \"mal\" prefix comes from the Latin for \"evil\"). It covers viruses, trojan horses, browser hijackers, etc. As far as bloatware, there's some software made by Microsoft that they're trying to increase the user base for, but very little... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why do cars not have fail-safes that prevent the battery draining to a point where the car won't start? | [
"A lot of newer cars do. On my 2002 Toyota, if you turn the car off with the headlights on, the headlights go off, too. Unfortunately, the dome light and interior door lights will still drain the battery if the door isn't shut securely. Newer cars than that are better about it. It's getting harder and harder to acc... | [
"The car's alternator (essentially a magnetic coil generator) charges the battery, and is powered by the engine, so the battery cannot run flat while the engine is running. If the lights are left on overnight, the battery drains while it is not being charged, and therefore it will run flat. Similarly, if a car's al... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can animals with fairly thin coats, such as deer, survive outside all winter in freezing temperatures - but humans would die pretty quickly if they wore nothing but a deer hide outside in the same freezing temperatures? | [
"Deer have a few advantages that humans do not, we have clothing. First a deer a layer of fat around their organs and under their skin, that acts as insulation layer. Their winter fur, is actually two layers, an outer layer that's made of hollow hairs, and forms a dense weather resistant layer, and an inner layer ... | [
"Possibly, but its going to be dependant upon a variety of factors. Some breeds, like Huskies, love the cold weather, and are fine staying outside if they're comfortable with it. Other breeds, with shorter coats or from warmer climates would be totally unprepared for the cold, and probably wouldn't survive the nigh... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why do right-wing people want abstinence-only education when it actually increases teen pregnancy? | [
"Because they live in a completely fabricated dream world. They cling to all kinds of beliefs that have been disproven."
] | [
"For me personally it was an exposure to drugs at an early age when I was very innocent so I didn't follow. For some of my more adventurous friends it made them more curious to try the drugs they heard older siblings/neighbors/tv shows talk about. It's like telling teens to abstain from sex because it leads to teen... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What are programming design patterns? | [
"I'm familiar with C++, at least in that space, design patterns are just some common ways of grouping and creating classes that people have found useful. Rather than reinvent the wheel for certain needs that show up over and over in programming, they wrote down these design patterns that might fit what you're tryi... | [
"Do you have any programming experience at all?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do the flashing lights, alarms and gates at train crossings know when to start and stop when trains pass by? | [
"They run a small electric current down the rails. When the train is coming the axles of the train cause act like a short between the rails which causes the behavior of that current to change. The crossing guards can detect this change. Because the nature of the change is a function of how far away the train is fro... | [
"Vehicles carrying large amounts of people or hazardous materials are required by law to stop at railroad crossings, and opening the door is supposed to make it easier to hear a train coming."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are some vivid memories pure imagination? And why do they feel so real? | [
"Memory is kind of a plastic thing. It's not really like a video recording, but a reconstruction. And your reconstruction itself can become less accurate as time passes. You can misremember part of it, and cement that 'misrememberance' in. So yeah, you can totally have memories that are bunkum."
] | [
"how do you remember a song? Or a picture? How do you remember your dog's name? Memory itself is poorly understood, but there's nothing about any one sense that makes it impossible to remember."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Psychology:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Psychology:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How does the Shazam app that can listen to any song you play and tell you what it's called work? | [
"The company has devised a technique to break down each track into a simple numeric signature—a code that is unique to each track. When you hold your phone up to a song you'd like to ID, Shazam turns your clip into a signature using the same method. Then it's just a matter of pattern-matching—Shazam searches its li... | [
"Have you ever used one of those phone apps that listens to the music playing in the background and tells you what it is? YouTube does the same thing. They work with copyright holders & automatically scan new content to see if it infringes on copyrights. There's far too much content uploaded to the site (they claim... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How do psychiatrists decide what antidepressants to prescribe? | [
"A LOT of medicine is trial and error. But the initial choices can be influenced by things like age and what other meds a patient is already on."
] | [
"SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) target low levels of serotonin in the brain, which scientists believe to be the chemical/hormone we make that relates to mood. Lower serotonin, depression. The SSRIs try to level that out. There are many other types of antidepressants, but SSRIs are the most common. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why am I paying for Highspeed Internet with a speed of 20 mb/s Download rate, but when I go to download something, it says I am only getting 1-2 mb/s? | [
"You might be paying for 20mbps, while your download rate is measured in mBps. Bits versus Bytes. A byte is 8 bits. So if you are paying for 20mbps, you might expect a maximum data transfer rate around 18mbps (you never quite get what you're promised, plus overhead, rounded to make the following math easier). 18mbp... | [
"You sure that actually stands for a some sort of split? It commonly refers to download/upload speeds, as in 50 Mb/s down, 50 Mb/s up."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Internet speed and service:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment about Internet speed and service:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Hitler's Path to WWII | [
"Shit was fucked up, he promised to un fuck the fucked up shit. He unfucked for awhile but them made shit way more fucked up by trying to fuck up other peoples shit. Homie wasn't cool yo."
] | [
"Possibly \"After the Reich: The Brutal History of the Allied Occupation\" or \"Savage Continent: Europe in the Aftermath of World War II\" \"Postwar\" is an excellent book."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do all planets become to be near perfect spheres? | [
"As Carl Sagan once explained in Cosmos: (paraphrasing) Take a ball of clay (not spherical, just a rough shape) of clay, then put your hand on top and push down, then turn it over and do it to that side, then keep turning it over in different angles and pushing down on top. Eventually, you will end up with a spheri... | [
"I'm sorry, I don't think I follow. Where do you get that planets always have \"circular masses\" at the poles? And what circular masses do you mean? Are you referring to polar ice caps?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why when something is scandalous is it referred to as 'event'gate? I.E GamerGate, PlebGate etc | [
"It comes from the Watergate scandal from the Nixon presidency. It became popular to describe scandals in that way, and just kind of hung around."
] | [
"Saying something purposefully inflamatory or offensive to a specific race in order to incite argument. Specifically, an argument designed to expose assumed flaws in the target demographic. Its typically used by ignorant folks to incite an emotional response and then point a finger at whatever racial group they dee... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Will humans or other species divide into different species? | [
"Not an expert here. I have heard that the best chance for this to happen embryo genetic modification. The fear being that if people are allowed to have \"designer babies\" that are smarter, disease resistant, better looking, stronger, and so on, it could split the human race into people that can afford it and peop... | [
"Because we can successfully interbreed. There was enough gene flow to keep all groups as the same species."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about biology:"
} |
Is it possible to "upgrade" a phone? | [
"Unfortunately it's almost impossible. Smartphones are usually made as one soldered-together piece with only millimeters of spare space. Looking at an online teardown of the S3, the camera is soldered directly onto the main board. Even if you did manage to get it off, a replacement camera would need to be the exact... | [
"You CAN actually. Good luck figuring out how to get the OS on there though."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:"
} |
Why do we drink from the same water that's in our toilet? | [
"That would require two piping systems for water in your house in order to keep the two types of water separate. The savings of less treated water would be offset by the cost of the additional piping."
] | [
"If it tastes better, they filter their water. If it tastes worse, they have slime in the ice machine."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What is the health difference for living organisms, between being in contact with bio-plastics and plastics made from oil? | [
"Living organisms in frequent contact with bioplastics are more likely to share personal anecdotes about their gluten free paleo diet."
] | [
"Plastics have properties which make them resistant to biodegradation. Firstly, plastics are water resistant. Without moisture, bacteria/fungi cannot grow on it. Also, any digestive enzymes released by these organisms will be repelled from the surface. Secondly, producing plastics is very energy-inefficient compare... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about science:"
} |
Why dont we build roads out of stone rather than asphalt? | [
"I think you're underestimating the cost here. Asphalt is a byproduct of oil refining, which means it is dirt cheap, while stone has to be hauled out of the ground and moved. It also has to be the right shape, which you'll have to cut and/or level to get a solid foundation for the road, and there will still be sea... | [
"Concrete is more likely to be used in the South because the winters aren't as bad on roads. Ice and the expansion of it as it freezes messes up roads no matter where it happens. Since that happens more in the North than the South, they use asphalt in the North more so that they can repair it more easily - you can ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How come U.S Army and Marines don't receive medals for being a good shot, but Coastguard, Air Force and Navy do? | [
"Doing your job properly is generally not rewarded. They do have a certification they get - Marksman, Sharpshooter, Expert which indicates their shooting ability. To qualify for sniper training, you have to shoot as a Expert. Edit: Adjusted names based on actual info."
] | [
"Point of Clarification: + Soldier = Army + Sailor = Navy + Marine = Marine + Airman = Air Force The various services get quite upset if you refer to them incorrectly. Sailors are sailors, not Soldiers. Marines are Marines, etc. To your question: Navy Seals are the highly specialized, highly trained, combat/special... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
If our bodies need to maintain a temperature of 98.6, why do we prefer our environment's temperature to be around 70? | [
"Specifically because we need to maintain our body at 98.6F. Our bodies are constantly producing heat and we have to dump the excess heat into the atmosphere around us. We do so most efficiently at 70F. The warmer the atmosphere is the harder it is to dump extra heat so we need assistance to transfer the heat. Tha... | [
"I don't think they are colder than the room, it just feels that way. Unless you keep the room at 96.5degrees F, most room temperatures are much colder than normal body temps"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does chewing gum make me feel hungry? | [
"Chewing causes your brain to send signals to your stomach, telling it to begin the digestion process. As your body digests whatever food is in your stomach, you become hungrier."
] | [
"Do you also cough when eating popsicles and frankfurters/hot dogs? If so, it might be your technique."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why are there no bezel-less TVs, monitors or phones, yet these kind of displays are all over the sets of TV shows? | [
"TV shows CGI in their displays because actually filming a monitor does not produce good results. Bezeless displays look cool and high tech so that is what most shows go with for their CGI."
] | [
"Right now I'd say that it's a toy, but as it improves, it'll become more useful for the average person. There was a point in time when cars, air travel, computers, and flush toilets were toys for rich people, now everyone uses them."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why is Google promoting RT, a key component of Russia’s foreign propaganda apparatus | [
"ads are targeted to your search history/ browsing habits. so if you have been looking up a bunch of Russian stuff, you're targeted by companies that pay for people like you to view their ads. I recently bought some parts off amazon for my truck. now I see a ton of ads showing me the same/other parts available for... | [
"I think \"threatened\" is the wrong way to put it. Russia is militarily threatened by NATO, but they have other reasons for desiring the destabilization of the EU. This is why Russia supported Brexit. The enmity against the EU is more offensive than defensive, imo. Russia has (openly) moved beyond conventional wa... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why orgasms become more intense the more you have in a row? Does this apply to all sexes? | [
"This ain't funny OP. We know you girls have it good, no need to rub it in."
] | [
"Lots of factors are involved in semen ejaculation. I'll list a few of them: -Muscle strength, muscle build -Stimulation, extent of stimulation -Testosterone and other hormone levels that would regulate semen production -Semen quantity and quality which would determine how the muscles and other juices interact with... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is the environment a political issue, as opposed to a universal concern? | [
"Because deciding what to do about it (if anything) is necessarily a political process and different people will have different ideas. That is what politics is. There's no way to avoid it. There is no right answer, there is no objective truth when it comes to priorities. What is more important, freedom or slowing c... | [
"They evidently care about a lot of other important political issues that are in line with the GOP platform."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What and where is "privilege"? | [
"How often are you followed around by sales clerks in a store, because they think you might steal things? As a white girl myself, I never had - but the first time I went shopping in those same stores with a black friend, I could tell that she was being followed around, regarded as untrustworthy. I asked her about... | [
"I understood this from another point of view: \"Ignorance is bliss\"."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If YouTube has tens or hundreds of thousands of hours of video, especially HD, where and how do they store it all? | [
"They literally just have tons of hard drives. They store data in the same way that you do on your PC, albeit a bit more efficiently."
] | [
"Have you ever used one of those phone apps that listens to the music playing in the background and tells you what it is? YouTube does the same thing. They work with copyright holders & automatically scan new content to see if it infringes on copyrights. There's far too much content uploaded to the site (they claim... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What do principals of schools do throughout a day? | [
"Elementary here. They manage the school. More than just a boss for the teachers, they ensure all facets of the school run smoothly, from front office to custodial crew, to cafeteria, to classroom. A principal will also work with students who have discipline needs (although that sometimes falls to APs in unless it ... | [
"What does the Pope handle on a day to day basis?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why are vaccine human trials which infect the participants with deadly diseases allowed, and where do they find people to participate? | [
"Malaria is not really a deadly disease in developed countries. As long as it is treated immediately and correctly, it's very unlikely to kill you."
] | [
"Believe it or not, doctors are not evil demons who are out to infect humans in order to make a profit, no matter what the world would like you to believe. People are actually trying to help prevent disease. Those things wouldn't be in the vaccine if they weren't important. So simply put, your friend is full of shi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does the mold find the food? | [
"That's a [slime mold](_URL_0_), which is not really a mold but nowadays grouped under amoebas. Anyway, it probably went off at random (at first you even see it growing into both directions) and at some point sensed some chemicals given off by the food, then went towards wherever the concentration is higher. Note t... | [
"How are you going to change the filter?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
If we as humans exhale CO2, why do some fires like campfires burn more after we blow on them? | [
"Two things. First, we don't only exxhale CO2. Each breath is about 4-5% CO2. So blowing on the fire does send some oxygen than way directly. Blowing also clears out the dead air in the fire (CO2 being heavier) allowing normal air to replace it."
] | [
"When wood is heated, it produces a bunch of gasses and carbon particles that will catch fire if they're hot enough. If the gasses aren't hot enough, they'll show up as smoke instead. So what you're seeing is basically what fire looks like when it's not burning."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How can grass in the garden continue to grow forever, without providing any fertilizer? | [
"I think the important thing you're missing is that the vast majority of plant growth is from CO2. The carbon dioxide and water is reconstructed into almost all of the building blocks that make the leaves, sugar, and roots. Everything else is needed for grass to grow only requires very small amounts."
] | [
"They will not be completely drained because we add them back into the land. By rotating crops, adding fertilizer, and adding ash from burning crops after harvest we bring the land back to a rich state that can nourish crops."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How does a magnet's polarity change when cut? | [
"It sounds like the first cut was \"in line\" with the polarity. Imagine a bar magnet that you cut along the **long** side (not \"cut in half\"). The two pieces would have both N-poles and S-poles touching, so they would repel. What I'm getting at is: without seeing the magnetic field, it's hard to tell *which way*... | [
"correct me if I'm wrong, magnetism depends on the type of material the core is and the amount of current passing through. materials, such as iron, are soft magnetic metals, they do not retain magnetism. Hard magnetic metals on the other hand, retain magnetism when charged. Magnetic force can be increase by increas... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Can you defend yourself from an assaulting police officer? | [
"You better not. A police officer is authorized to use deadly force as long as he or she feels their life is in jeopardy. If you appear to be in control of a firearm this is true. They are obligated to stop firing as soon as you appear harmless. [Police know they can lose their life any day on the job.](_URL_0_) Co... | [
"Flee or defend themselves. You can defend yourself against anyone, minor or not."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
who actually builds the weapons/missiles used by armies around the world? | [
"_URL_0_ In short, mostly contractors based in the US, and to a smaller extent Western European powers. Note that bc of the crazy secrecy and bureaucratic obfuscation of PRC that China was not included."
] | [
"They use them to defend their borders. They also use them to fight their dirty little wars, like Yemen. There is also evidence of US weapons being used to control (oppress, some say) the domestic polulation. There is also some (heavily denied) leakage to terrorist organizations around the Middle East and Africa."... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How do Hookahs work and are they less toxic than cigarettes? | [
"\"Carbon monoxide measurements fared badly as well, as tests indicated that the carbon measurements from the three types of shisha came to 17 times the normal cigarette limit, 15 times, and 52 times the limit. \" Source: _URL_0_ I've seen other studies that say that some types of Shisha are up to 200 to 400x more ... | [
"1. A cigarette is made of dried and fine tobacco leaves wrapped in thin paper while pipe tobacco is made of coarse tobacco leaves placed in pipes for smoking. 2. A cigarette has two flavors, regular and menthol while pipe tobacco has many flavors, ranging from spicy to fruity to sweet. 3. The flavor and aroma of c... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do we know that Pi decimals never repeat ? | [
"_URL_0_ Unfortunately, the proof that pi is irrational isn't really possible in ELI5 since it is complicated by necessity. Suffice it to say, we *do* have proofs that it is indeed irrational, and an irrational number is one whose decimal expansion goes on forever and never repeats. If it *did* end or repeat, it co... | [
". 9999999...(repeating on forever) and 1 are equal. . 3333...=1/3 1/3 x 3 = 1 .3333... X 3 =.99999...=1 One of the reason this is true is because there can not be a number between them. You can't tack a 1 on the end because that would mean there is an end, which there is not. And two numbers with nothing between... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Mathematics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Mathematics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is there so much hate for Justin Bieber? | [
"He's also done a lot of despicable behavior that makes some people hate him, regardless of his music: - He peed in a janitor's bucket, then got profane when he saw a picture of Bill Clinton. - He claimed that Anne Frank would have been a fan of his music (a \"Belieber\") when he visited her house. - He was disresp... | [
"Is it me, or has this never happened to anyone else?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How do TV ratings get calculated? | [
"I believe the Nielsen company is responsible for ratings in the US. A large number of households throughout the country agree to have a Nielsen 'box' attached to their televisions which feed back information on what they are watching to Nielsen. Based on this sample group, they calculate the national ratings. Each... | [
"If I can ask a follow-up: How did these companies respond to being targeted?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
What are the main reasons for why dating/relationships have changed so much over the last 100 years? | [
"By *far* the biggest reasons are (1) birth control, and (2) women's rights. Birth control means that casual dating, and even casual sex, is not very likely to lead to a pregnancy. That makes it much less important to avoid. Women's rights mean that a woman doesn't *have to* get married in order to have a good life... | [
"I'm no expert, but look how much athletes have improved in the past 40-50 years alone."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Aspartame - Who is lying about it? Nutritionists VS Scientists | [
"It's important to remember that \"good for you\" or \"bad for you\" aren't always statements you can make in general. Something can be good for one part of your health, but bad for another part: fluoride, for instance, strengthens your teeth but weakens your bones (which is why you're not supposed to swallow tooth... | [
"Can someone explain the difference between Dementia and Alzheimer's, please?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
The US "first past the post" voting system | [
"CCP Grey has a video that explains this. _URL_0_"
] | [
"There are several reasons: * To force candidates to win a majority of states. * To give smaller population states more influence in selecting a president (it's far more vote efficient to campaign in large cities--this gives rural voters an advantage that preserves their say in the government--remember many of the ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
. Will reclassification of internet as a utility have ramifications for personal privacy and government surveillance? | [
"It doesn't seem like there'd be *more* government monitoring, since they are already monitoring it as deeply as technically feasible. The classification would not make a difference in that regard. The government already has laws governing how and when it can monitor your traffic. ISPs do not stand in their way."
] | [
"Compared to Europe, the US has very few choices in the ISP market. Many people are limited to only one or perhaps two broadband internet providers they can 'choose' from (e.g. the local Cable Company and/or local Telephone Company). This has led many ISPs to engage in anti-competitive practices that break the prin... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
What is sleep paralysis and why do we 'get' it | [
"When your brain goes into sleep mode, your nervous system sort of \"shuts down\" your body's responses to brain signals. This is because if it didn't every time you did something in a dream, your body would do the same and you'd injure yourself. So when you're dreaming about running, your legs don't (usually) flai... | [
"All correct. People also tend to hallucinate that there is something terrible/ominous in the room with them as well and it can be quite terrifying, but instances such as yours happen a lot too where you are aware you have come out of sleep, but you can't move and can't yet consciously control your breathing. These... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment about Psychology:"
} |
How would the country and way of life change if the US national debt was somehow paid off? | [
"Magically creating 17 trillion new dollars would cause the world economy to crash, so the average person would have a pretty miserable day to day life. But if we ignored the question of *how* the debt was paid off, not much would change. The total amount of government debt liability just doesn't matter all that mu... | [
"In the 90's a massive multi trillion dollar industry(the internet) was created out of thin air leading to skyrocketing tax income for the Federal Government that they did not predict, and did not budget for. If something like that ever happens again, the US will probably run budget surpluses for a few years like t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why does risk of Down Syndrome increase with the mother's age? | [
"The chance of having a child with Down syndrome increases with age because older eggs have a greater risk of improper chromosome division. If the cells don't split properly, an egg or a sperm cell could get an extra chromosome. If an egg with 24 chromosomes is fertilized, then the baby will end up with a total of ... | [
"Yes. Statistics show that the age of both mothers and fathers has biological effects on the child, with increased adverse health as people age."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
what is this net neutrality thing? What does it mean to the average internet user? | [
"It means that your service provider can't decide which sites you visit. Right now, Comcast is trying to charge extra every time one of their customers visits youtube or netflix. People who believe in net neutrality think that's not okay."
] | [
"Can someone please just eli5? I don't understand any of this. What does this mean for me? A citizen of the United states."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is a raspberry pi and why is it so significant? | [
"They are very small, very cheap computers. They have very little processing power compared to more expensive devices, but they are powerful enough to run a basic desktop OS. You can use them for all sorts of things such as emulating old video games, or as a media player, a home automation controller. They also ha... | [
"It's a small computer. The latest version has 1GB RAM, wifi, ethernet, sound output, USB ports and HDMI. It's tiny and costs about $40. It's good for whatever purposes benefit from a small, cheap computer. It won't really compete with a desktop or a laptop, but it you want to do something like hanging a screen som... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How will we "switch" to IPv6, what changes will that require, and how will I be affected? | [
"How you will be affected depends on what equipment you have and what you do. Most relatively modern operating systems support IPv6 (vista and above on windows), as do most routers - but not all. If you have a modem (cable/phone/dsl/etc.) from somewhere it will need to support IPv6, and a lot of them don't, partic... | [
"It's really hard to tell at this point exactly how much of an impact it will have. Immediate impact though, ISPs are not likely going to be able to extort fees from both ends of the connection: they either have to do one or the other. Depending on how far reaching the proposal goes, it could pave the way for more ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do massages feel so damn good? | [
"Massage makes us feel less stressed by decreasing a chemical associated with stress and makes us feel more euphoric by increasing the amount chemicals that are involved in pleasure. Anti-depressant medications actually work by slowing down the recycling process of these happy-inducing chemicals so that our brain c... | [
"Related question: why does it feel so GOOD to crack a joint? There's like a palpable relief sensation, what causes that?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
If tobacco products are so monumentally hazardous to people's health and government-funded research actively investigates how to mitigate it's use and risks, why isn't it just made illegal? | [
"Because adults want to make decisions for themselves. There is already a large market for reselling of illegal cigarettes. Just like drug and alcohol prohibition, making tobacco illegal would put the entire market right into the palms of organized criminals. The gangs would become much more powerful as a result, s... | [
"It's because many believe that marijuana is an (almost) harmless drug which has very few negatives to it. They make the argument that alcohol tends to cause more damage (both to the body and to society) than marijuana could, and it's hypocritical for that to be legal while weed is not. They also tend to say that i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why does fruit taste sweeter when it decomposes? | [
"The complex sugars are broken down by bacteria, turning them in to simple sugars which are much sweeter"
] | [
"Because they oxidize. Contact with oxygen makes them change color, like apples and some other fruits do once you peel them."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
What is the Freddo curse | [
"Freddos ate small chocolate frogs that are made of cadbury dairy milk chocolate they've always been cheap but over the years the price has increased quickly"
] | [
"What the heck is a parcel pick up?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does our skin turn red when it is hit? | [
"The body is directing blood to gather at areas of detected damage, and if you were hit hard enough it may include bleeding between the cells through ruptured capillaries. Blood flowing nearer to the surface is more visible and makes the skin more red."
] | [
"Alcohol causes your capillaries to dilate and when they expand blood from inside your body is drawn to the skin. Since your skin now has warm blood it feels warmer. This is also why you can see that people have been drinking because the skin on the face turns red with this added blood."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Alaska is known for its prolonged days and nights, what makes this happen? | [
"The earth is tilted on it's axis (when compared to the axis of rotation around the sun). Because of this tilt, the further north you are, you are exposed to more sunlight as it gets closer to the summer solstice and less when are closer to the winter solstice. It's hard to explain without pictures."
] | [
"The local climate depends on the locale. To be serious Arizona is in the middle of the continent and has a low rainfall. Florida is a peninsula surrounded by ocean on both sides. It can rain every day in the afternoon in Florida which you would never know when looking at advertisements for Florida vacations. There... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does minced/ground meat taste so different than if it hadn't been minced/ground | [
"Texture plays a large part in how we taste things. Would you want to drink a steak through a straw? Me neither. In addition - usually steaks are made from the leaner cuts of meat, while ground beef is ground from the harder working muscles in a cow which will tend to have more beefy flavor. And most of the flavor ... | [
"Those are more guidelines derived from sanitary rules/taste. Chicken can be eaten raw, but you risk salmonella infection; beef would probably have consistency of a brick if you deep fry it and so on. Stir-fried fish exists though, don't know why you thought it doesn't, Chinese cuisine stir-fries just about everyt... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
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