query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
How did Ashley Wagner make the American Figure Skating team after losing in the trials? Is there precedence for something like this? | [
"Olympic selection is at least partially subjective, so even though she only came in 4th in the trials, she had a strong enough international competition history otherwise that whoever makes the selection decided that she would be an asset to the team."
] | [
"For a little while, the Vice President was the runner-up from the Presidential race. That turned out not to work so well."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
From where do we get our helium (from the atmosphere / from mining), and through which industral process? | [
"Commercial Helium is extracted from Natural gas Helium collects underground, possibly as the result of the radioactive decay of Thorium and Uranium. A refining process of Low-temperature condensation produces Helium concentrate (80-85%) and is further refined by removing impurities like Neon. Basically if you put ... | [
"air seperation and industrial gas liquefaction is done by compressing, cooling, then expanding the gas. Nitrogen, Oxygen, Argon, and a few other noble gases are produced by distilling air- the gases all have different boiling points. Helium comes from natural gas wells. one mode of radioactive decay releases heliu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why do most hotels have an exhaust fan in the bathroom but very few have switches to turn it on? | [
"They usually are triggered by the light turning on. Bathrooms tend to have a lot of humidity, and prolonged humidity in enclosed environments leads to mold. Having the fans be tied into the lights so that the fans are always running when the lights are on means that the hotel owners have a reasonable expectation t... | [
"They take up too much space and are impractical for a house. The reason they have them in public toilets is they're more efficient when lots of people need to use them. It's not like you'll have more than one person using the toilet at the same time in your house."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How a CPU can bottleneck a GPU, and how to tell if this is happening | [
"A GPU (for the most part) is only useful for rendering graphics. The CPU is responsible for handling AI, the state of the game world, physics and all that jazz. When your CPU can't figure out how to update the game world fast enough, it doesn't matter how fast your GPU is. When the CPU becomes the limiting factor ... | [
"Integrated graphics chips take some of your shared system memory and use it for graphics. So, if you have 8 gigabytes total of system memory and dedicate 1GB of it for graphics then the rest of the system is left with 7GB to use. On most computer it's possible to change how much memory is dedicated to graphics. Th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why does my urge to pee intensify as I get closer to the bathroom? | [
"Conditioning. Your body is used to peeing in the bathroom so when you get close it says: \"Hey! time to pee!\""
] | [
"If you're getting up that often to pee you might have a medical issue. I drink a tall glass of water before bed so that it forces me to get out of bed in the morning and make some coffee while I pee."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the post about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why do we feel "attracted" to certain people? | [
"Certain traits are attractive because of biology. For instance attraction to youth (having certain features similar to that of a child), averageness in appearance (meaning that of a population your features are not on any extreme) and facial symmetry are seen across all cultures however there are certain features ... | [
"They know they are gay because they feel attracted to members of the same gender as themselves."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why do street lamps' power cables run underground and not overhead like those between pylons? | [
"So the cost really isn't the copper. It's the labor to install them. So when a parking lot or street is being paved it very easy to go ahead and install the wires underground. What isn't cheap is repairing the lines if they are damaged. Let alone the liability of having hundreds of feet of live power lines above ... | [
"Germany only buries the low-voltage power lines between transformers and the homes. The power lines between the transformers, switching stations and power plant are above-ground lines most of the time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is ecofeminism? | [
"It is a school of thought which sees the treatment of women and the treatment of the environment as having the same cause: men who use their power to exploit those who are weaker than they are. Therefore, they believe that by changing societal attitudes, both problems can be solved."
] | [
"How do you define your hints of schizophrenia?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
When you 'see stars' by standing up too fast or being hit, for example, what is it and why does it happen? | [
"Low blood pressure. If you stand up too fast, the blood will flow all down, and it takes sometime that the blood will be pumped back up to your brain again."
] | [
"Blood pressure levels differ between different people. Those with lower blood pressure are more susceptible to this effect, because what's actually happening is the G forces of the roller coaster are pushing blood toward your feet. If the blood pressure level in your brain dips below a certain point, you'll start ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
why isn't philosophy part of the high school curriculum? | [
"Probably because its relatively useless in this day and age. Also its hard enough to get kids to pay attention and appreciate practical courses, let alone more abstract ones like philosophy"
] | [
"I'm sure some more will come to mind soon, but the first one I thought of: Ethicists. When a company or corporation needs to go through an ethics committee, those people are philosophers. Similarly, before doing any experiments (e.g. in science) you also need to get ethics clearance. Ethics is a big domain of phil... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why are individuals given a much lighter sentence if they accept a plea deal and plea guilty versus if a jury finds them guilty? | [
"Because that was the agreement, if they plea guilty, they'll face a lighter sentence. It's in the interest of the entire justice system for cases to not be bogged down unnecessarily, if someone is willing to not waste the courts time and money proving them guilty then they're rewarded with a slightly more mild sen... | [
"And indictment is being charged/accused of a crime after an arrest. And indictment will lead to a trial to determine whether you are guilty of the crime for which you were indicted."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does my throat hurt if I make certain sounds? | [
"The way you make sounds is passing air over vibrating vocal cords. When you make loud gutteral sounds your vocal cords have to work harder. They are like a muscle, if you work them too hard you can make them sore or even tear them."
] | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How can we move to "green" energy like solar power (on a long term basis), if solar panels are made from oil? | [
"Solar panels are a long term investment and the amount of oil used when making them is nothing compared to the amount of oil we use on daily basis."
] | [
"Aside from the economies of scale for power generation. Many countries are moving towards renewable power generation as well which compounds the environmental impact reduction. But if you really want to have an honest conversation about it, ask about the heavy metals and rare earth mineral mining that it takes to ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What will happen next after the universe collapses in itself? | [
"Well, if the universe collapses in on itself, that would mean no more spacetime... which means no more time. Which means no \"next\"."
] | [
"As far as we can tell, time did not exist before the big bang. So there was no before the big bang."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How does the Dakar Rally work? | [
"Historically the dakar was held largely throughout Africa, but in 2009 it was moved to South America over 'safety concerns.' Either way, the rally is comprised of 14 stages held on consecutive days, each covering 40ish-200+ km. One of these days is a rest day, usually spent performing extensive overhauling and mai... | [
"How are you going to change the filter?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How do fibrous foods cause me to poop within such a short space of time (10 mins after my cereal)? | [
"Eating cereal will not effect your poop within 10 minutes. I would say it is either a coincidence or placebo. (Or maybe the cereal takes 24 hours and 10 minutes to digest? :P )"
] | [
"Food in the stomach gets broken down and partially digested, and is then moved into the intestines for further digestion. After a full night's sleep, by the time you wake up, your stomach is emptied of food (on average it takes about 4-5 hours for the stomach to empty after a full meal, depending on what you ate).... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are burns so susceptible to infection? | [
"Because the very thing that protects from bacteria and germs getting into your body has been severely damaged - your skin."
] | [
"If the limb is infected, such as with flesh eating bacteria , there might be no choice but to amputate before the infection spreads."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What does Ernst & Young do | [
"Auditing firm. Essentially they are hired by companies to ensure that their books have been prepared properly. That way they are all legal in their financial reporting. They will also assess the financial health of the company and prepare financial statements for them. ELI5: They make sure little Johnny didn't deb... | [
"Would you like to share the criticism from Kant?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how does South Park get to say "any likenesses or similarities to real people or events are purely coincidental" when their entire model is making fun of current (real) events and people? | [
"It's a joke, not a legal disclaimer. Parody and satire are protected by law, so they're allowed to make fun of whoever they want. It's confusing because libel is illegal. You're not legally allowed to try to defame someone by lying about them. For example, if I wrote a news article that claims that Rush Limbaugh e... | [
"* sometimes they just want cooler sounding names * many characters are actually composite characters, based on more than one real person * if the movie depicts someone doing something bad, the could face libel or slander issues, especially if it was exaggerated for dramatic effect"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does the body vomit when spatially disoriented? What benefit is there from losing your lunch when the floor is moving? | [
"The sensation of \"motion sickness\" is really just your brain getting conflicting information from your sense of sight and your sense of balance. Surprisingly we use our sight quite a bit to help our inner ear. For example, think of how it's harder to balance a bicycle if you look down rather than straight ahead.... | [
"One thing this posture does is make it harder for you to hyperventilate. Another is that is reduces nausea and dizziness by increasing your blood pressure and forcing you to look at the ground you're standing on, which, contrary to the way you might feel, is not shaking. Lastly, since the ground is all you're look... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why is it necessary for batteries to be inserted with the ends opposite each other? | [
"It takes less wiring that way. The batteries are being used in 'series' - like in a flashlight where the top of the second one goes in up against the bottom of the first one. When you put the batteries in a device side by side the manufacturer has to connect the top of the second to the bottom of the first. If the... | [
"A standard battery gives off around 1.5V. This is too low to run most electric circuits. A common lower voltage is 3V. To get double the voltage you can connect the batteries in serial with the positive terminal on one hooked up to the negative terminal on the other. The voltage across the two other terminals shou... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Press Your Lips Together And Blow Like An Elephant. Does Your Screen Flicker? | [
"This is because on many screens, the image is made by turning on the lights for brief periods. For instance, the backlight of a screen on low brightness might be turned on for a thousandth of a second, and off for two or four thousandths. Old CRT screens paint the screen from top to bottom between 60 and 100 times... | [
"Being Black Does Actually Have (Relatively Minor) Health Consequences, It's Just That They're Obviated By Modern Life. There's An Energy Cost To Have Extra Melanin, Even A Small One, So If You Don't Need It It Won't Be Selected For. Melanin Reduces Vitamin-D Uptake From The Sun If Sunlight Is Lower Than You're Ada... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
1080p screen consumes less battery compared to 2K screen,but 2K's each "pixel" consumes less energy due to smaller size ? | [
"Most of a display's power consumption is from the backlight. The backlight on a higher resolution screen will need slightly more power to achieve the same brightness since a larger percentage of screen space is occupied by gaps between pixels. Also, higher resolution means higher processor usage."
] | [
"disclaimer: I haven't played fortnite, on any device. ~~so 720p on mobile isn't the same as on a tv. It's describing the density of pixels and not the total amount. That's already a huge difference that mobile can take advantage of.~~ Also mobile might use lower quality assets (lower resolution texture, less shrub... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about gaming:"
} |
Why do some people (especially online) get abusive/insulting when they get rejected? | [
"It's a defense mechanism. If they can convince themselves the other person is worthless and deserves being insulted, being rejected doesn't seem so bad anymore. It's not an online thing exclusively, but in real life, there are societal pressures against acting like that. Those are weak or nonexistent online."
] | [
"I'm just gonna answer assuming you're not trolling as well: Trolling is behaving in a way to get people worked up. It can be done in many ways. Making typos to get people all uppity about correcting you. Pranking people. Any behavior (generally on the internet) intended to get people upset/worked up is considered... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are tote-bag apples cheaper than bulk apples? | [
"Less labor, less materials, guaranteed purchase amount. That's probably the main 3. What kind of tote? How would you suppose it arrives? If it's actually bulk apples that the workers put in on site from the same batch as the bulk tables, that leaves us with purchasing amounts. Stores make money when you buy more. ... | [
"Doing a quick look at the Safeway website for some prices. * Apples range from $1.20-$4/lb, depending on the variety. * Potato chips run $0.20-$0.50/oz (ignoring \"snack size\" packages). This translates to a range of $3.20-$8.00/lb So the *cheapest* potato chips can be more expensive than the *most expensive* app... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is it about tilt-shift photography actually makes it look like figurines? | [
"It's because a scene viewed close up, either by the human eye or a camera lens, has one very distinct visual characteristic. A tilt-shift lens can simulate that characteristic. I'll explain. Camera lenses can only truly focus on a single distance from the lens at any given time, however anything close enough to th... | [
"To be a bit more accurate, [miniature faking](_URL_1_) is generally works because close up photography usually has a very shallow depth of field. The eye also has a shallower depth of field when looking at something small and close than something large and far away. As a result photos that appear to have a shallow... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
how much better is AWD with snow tires vs. FWD with snow tires? | [
"AWD is mainly better for not getting stuck or going up a slippery hill. I always have an AWD car so that I can go up the hills everyone else can't or so that I can park in my friends slippery yard without worrying about getting stuck. And they are waaaay more fun"
] | [
"4WD is Four wheel drive.. same as 4x4... It means you can select which mode you want in vehicle, usually reserved for trucks and Jeeps.. either have all four wheels powered or just two. AWD is all wheel drive, meaning the vehicle always has al four wheels engaged and you cant turn it off...usually reserved for car... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How is it that insects can carry/pull many many times their own weight? | [
"1stly, A human can lift and pull many times their own weight. You just need to train yourself daily to do so to develop those muscles. 2nd, Humans have reduced muscular strength when compared to primates as a consequence for having greater muscle control Finally, the mass of a creature and its strength do not scal... | [
"Ants do not have some special strength, they're simply smaller. This is the classic issue of square VS cubic functions. Humans have significantly more volume per unit surface area than ants. So our muscles have to carry more body weight than the analogous structures in ants. This is why no large animals have an e... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why does tapping on the top of a can (beer, soda) after shaking it up, cause it to not explode? | [
"Well, the short answer is, it doesn't. The long answer is the same as the short answer."
] | [
"The bottles are pressurized to keep the CO2 in the liquid. When you open it, the bottle depressurizes and the CO2 can freely escape into the void you make by drinking some. After the bottle is opened once, you'll hear it depressurize again the second time you open it. This is the gas that has escaped since you las... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
If a defendant admits to committing a crime to their lawyer, they are still obligated to build a defense, so why are they not tried for perjury when they’re knowingly lying under oath? | [
"A lawyer can't purposely introduce testimony or evidence they know to be false. So for example, if I'm defending someone and their alibi is that they were at work and the evidence is a time card that's actually been falsified, if I know it that'd be a disbarrable offense. Though there's nothing illegal about simpl... | [
"Perjury depends on a lot of things. First, did you knowingly make a false statement when you said “I don’t remember?” Second, were you under oath or otherwise subject to penalty under the law when you made the statement? And finally, did you make that statement about something that was material to the outcome of... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do reflective surfaces, like slides, get very hot in the sun, when they reflect most of the light that shines on them? | [
"One additional consideration is that shiny objects are not shiny in every wavelength Something that works like a mirror could be absorbing other forms of light from the sun which can heat them up"
] | [
"What actually gives you sunburn is the UV rays from sunlight. Most glass absorbs most UV rays, so you're much less likely to get sunburned behind glass for example. When you go swimming you're more likely to get sunburned because water reflects UV rays. As a result, you basically get a double dose of UV radiation ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why do planes, when starting to takeoff, seem to throttle up slightly for a few seconds then go full power? | [
"During the few seconds at partial power, the pilots will be confirming that the engines are operating normally - and, most importantly, they've had enough time to stabilise so they are both/all generating the same power - and ensuring that the aircraft is rolling in a straight line down the runway. Then they will ... | [
"It's not about speed, it's about acceleration. Think about it, when you're in a car, on a highway, going straight at a constant speed, do you feel your body moving? But when you accelerate to pass another car, you are pressed against your seat a little bit. When you break to slow down, you experience negative acce... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is GDP per capita and how does it work? | [
"GDP in the simplest form is a way to measure a country's \"wealth\" based on imports, exports, total amount of money produced by the people and other important factors they use to calculate it. GDP per capita is the GDP of a country divided by the total amount of persons living in it; kind of like taking the amoun... | [
"USA is the still the strongest economy in the world when you take nominal GDP into consideration. Basically, the USA produces the most stuff for the highest value each year. Obviously, if you use a different axis, you will get different results. For instance, Qatar has the strongest GDP/capita (when adjusted for P... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is Google Andromeda? | [
"_URL_0_ The gist I got from this article is that instead of running server applications directly out of a set of servers, they're running on VMs (Virtual Machines), which essentially emulate a computing environment on another computer. Because of this, the servers can be easily transferred and moved from one physi... | [
"Bot explained how bots work. Thank you Internet."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why Exxon is not punished for choosing to keep a secret like climate change, which has an impact for everyone on the planet. | [
"Because making destroying the earth atmosphere isn't illegal. There's no universal law that says you have to be good to mother nature."
] | [
"Money. To accept global warming, we would also have to counteract it. This would cost a lot of money and take money away from a lot of people. People care more about money than the quality of life of their off spring. It doesn't matter to them that the world will be environmentally crippled, all they care about is... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do people in shows slip on banana peels? | [
"Originally, it was supposed to be a reference to slipping on animal crap (which is much more slippery than a banana peel.) From there, it kind of became a thing of its own."
] | [
"They don't. They take way too old babies and put jam and cream cheese all over them."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why is "think of the children" so effective if that child will spend the majority of its life as an adult? | [
"Well, that's kind of the point. For example (just picking something at random), when we speak of the economy and how much damage has been done to it, \"think of the children\" implies \"think of the world we are leaving behind that our children will have to deal with when they become adults\". Unless I'm missing... | [
"But how would you \"encourage\" that? And who will take a care of a kid, even a smart one, whose parents only did it out of obligation?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Can someone explain how gif (attached) like this tricks my eyes into thinking it's 3D? | [
"Having the white bars provides depth perception. You can now tell with certainty if something is closer or further away, by whether or not it is in front of or behind the bars."
] | [
"I found a good explanation here: _URL_0_ Sounds like it's a TV-only effect because the TV is capturing about 32 still frames per second. Apparently the live audience would have seen something different. It's similar to how you can see a choppy rotation of propeller blades on TV but in real life it looks smooth. I ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment about technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why does YouTube prevent some videos from working on mobile devices? | [
"It depends. Sometimes it's the decision of the uploader to restrict a video from certain groups. But, probably more common, is the fact that the video contains copyrighted material that belongs to a third party and they have decided not to allow that content to be streamed to a mobile device because of differences... | [
"Maybe it's a problem on my end, but the link isn't loading for me?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Doctors handling Ebola victims generally wear full body suits, gloves, and goggles. How can they take that equipment off without touching the exterior of it and exposing themselves to infection? | [
"They disinfect first. Often having showers or containment rooms where the suits are sprayed down, and then they remove them, and are sprayed down themselves."
] | [
"The scrubs aren't for the sake of the patient - they're to keep blood and bodily fluids off the practitioner's clothes, and to allow them to quickly change into clean scrubs when it does happen. When they're treating you they should be wearing sterile gloves. If you're actually having surgery they will change into... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
When an animal is labeled as extinct, how do we know for sure all are dead? | [
"We can't really know for sure. One very famous example is that of the [coelacanth fish](_URL_1_) This fish was presumed extinct, and our (western science) knowledge of it consisted of fossils dating back more than 65 million years. However, in 1938 it was \"rediscovered\". Usually the scientific community comes t... | [
"For a plant to go extinct it means it no longer exists. Maybe it was eaten to extinction. Maybe the local climate changed and killed off all the species of plants. There are lots of ways that a plant could go extinct. But if it's extinct that means it no longer exists that means you cannot plant it because you c... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is happening in a person's body when they are overdosing? | [
"Overdosing on what? The best answer I can give you is that the concentration one or more chemicals is too high and it is interfering with the body's normal physiological functions."
] | [
"The American Medical Association considers addition a \"dual disease\", one containing both psychiatric and medical components. The brains of people who are addicted to substances behave differently to normal brains, if you completely remove certain substances from an addict they stand a fair chance of dying."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How can US Government blame particular country for a hack when it is easy to spoof your originating IP address, or even route traffic through various countries? | [
"So many people in this thread asserting it's simply impossible. It would be impossible for your \"regular expert\" network technician having access to regular tools. But you're talking about the NSA. This is an organization who hacked and listened into the phone calls of numerous world leaders. If you think the NS... | [
"Vanderlinden, First most videos aren't uploaded to YouTube. It is an American company and naturally subject to oversight and warrants and such. In the past most have used .ru (Russian) sites and even hacked accounts of unsuspecting people on various other services. Why can't we track them? Well there are several w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why you shouldn't say anything to a cop without a lawyer and how exactly a lawyer protects you from incriminating yourself when being questioned | [
"If you're stopped by a cop they can ask you any question they want. They can ask you questions you *don't have to answer*. They will make you *think* you have to answer them and won't let you know that you don't have to. Anything you tell them can be used against you in court. A lawyer will stop you from answering... | [
"No, there are no consequences for remaining silent. people are just dumb. Most people think that they have the ability to talk their way out of their legal situation, which is wrong. If the police truly think you are guilty nothing you say will prevent the cops from moving on with their prosecution. All talking do... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
In execution by firing squad, why shoot for the heart and not the brain? | [
"I imagine there's a little more dignity for the shooters if they shoot your chest rather than blow your face off."
] | [
"Because you were protecting your head and major organs. Better to get hit in the back, where protection is stronger, than in the front."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does water taste of nothing? | [
"Taste buds work by reacting to different chemicals in our food. Salt receptors turn on when they come into contact with salt, sweet receptors for sugar, etc. We don't have any taste specific receptors for water. That being said, if we did, they wouldn't be of much use. The way our senses are perceived in our brain... | [
"Does it taste good? There is your answer"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
If you eat a perfectly balanced nutritional diet, why do you still poop? Is it possible to eat JUST enough to fuel your body, but not produce waste? | [
"Not everything we eat turns into fuel. Some things that we eat, like fiber, are doing their job by becoming waste. No problem, you say; the question was to eat just enough to fuel your body, and fiber doesn't fuel your body, so no fiber! Well, a significant percentage of your waste is dead cells from the inside of... | [
"1.) your body only can absorb so many vitamins and minerals at a time. Most of all that is in a multivitamin goes to waste (literally). That’s why your urine is such a dark yellow when on a multivitamin routine. 2.) when you say a not great diet. That presumably means you’re putting in ‘bad’ or too much of somethi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why did the blue/black domimate in writing? | [
"Pigments from those colors were easy to make, didn't fade much & provided enough contrast against light colored papers that they were easy to read. If you think about making a black pigment, really all you need to do is burn some shit & collect the soot that results. Once you mix that with a bit of water & binder,... | [
"Related: what happened to the similar but different term Lakonia?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why are sobriety checkpoints legal in the US? | [
"The short answer is because the Supreme Court said so. A Michigan ruling had held that they were unconstitutional, but when the case went to the federal level the Supreme Court where it was deemed constitutional assuming some guidelines are followed. There are 10 states where they are outlawed or have been found i... | [
"It's illegal in a huge number of jurisdictions already. Where do you live?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does the world continue to give North Korea the power to do the things it does, why isn't there real action to remove the thorn from everyones side? | [
"Starting a war with North Korea means potential devastation for South Korea. They're not just in range of whatever crappy nuclear-tipped missiles NK has available, they're also in range of conventional weapons and artillery, and major SK cities would take a lot of damage in the process. China is also a major geopo... | [
"They don't want to go to war... War means they all die, north Korea either ceases to exist or at least the regime ends... They so not want this and know this! It's all just talk and sabre rattling. Like a PR trip, they have managed to get the whole world talking about them again, they hope to get the UN to drop wh... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
why some foods like Chilli Con Carne taste better reheated the next day | [
"Some foods get better as the ingredients have more time for the flavors to meld... the meat absorbs more of the spices and other flavors instead of just being coated in them and same for other ingredients."
] | [
"No you absolutely cannot because of the dumplings gradually reach the temperature of the water and that will be all soft and mushy and you will not be able to enjoy the food as you creators had expected you to do it so just follow the damn instructions and pour the dumplings in boiling water dammit"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do we always expect the economy to grow? Isn't unlimited growth impossible? Is there a theoretical "economic roof?" | [
"Economics is based on the premise that humans have unlimited wants but scarce resources. We desire to maximize what we can get out of our scarce resources. Resources are limited but through ingenuity we can derive more goods and services per unit of raw material and labor. For example, technological advancements w... | [
"Zero growth isn't \"bad\", per se, assuming that unemployment is low and the country isn't in serious debt (both of which growth would help fix). However, the idea of human civilization continuously growing and progressing and taking in more resources has become deeply ingrained over the last 150-200 years. Before... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
If we can get ear damage from a shooting a handgun in enclosed space, how can soldiers in WWII could protect their ears from firing huge coastal/naval guns in bunker? | [
"They didn't. and they were all deaf. They did cover their ears with their hands, but that doesn't do much. Preventing hearing loss wasn't much of a concern until the 80s."
] | [
"If a shell bursts at ground level being in a foxhole puts the soldier below the level shrapnel is flying around at. Those flying bits of metal are the main killers so putting yourself out of reach is very desirable. Soldiers in a foxhole are only vulnerable to a direct hit or near miss if the shells are using impa... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does my back itch if I'm not wearing a shirt, but nothing else on my bare body does? | [
"> Looked it up and didn't really find anything Obviously you didn't try WebMD... it's cancer, definitely cancer."
] | [
"EIL5: Why can't I stop sitting with my legs crossed, even though it hurts my knees, and why does it hurt my knees?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Haskell programming language | [
"Computers were originally theorized as machines for 'running' mathematical algorithms. The mathematical theories have developed a language and methods that are not part of the common notions for doing things. Mathematics says \"type theory, recursion, lambda calculus, monads, arrows!\", while common languages says... | [
"There is also [this](_URL_0_) image that explains main differences between the two."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Do all animals understand the connection between sex and pregnancy? Or is it just humans? | [
"Technically, most animals don't understand anything. They are a bundle of instincts, some more complex than others."
] | [
"This is one of the cases where we tend to anthropomorphise animals - that is, we apply completely human terms to them. As humans, something like that would be extremely painful, but it's not like that for animals. They just don't have that kind of connection to what we'd call family. In fact, many animals are pret... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why do airlines run "through" other airlines? | [
"It's called code-sharing. Basically, they are agreements between airlines to use that airlines \"codes\" (flight numbers) on other airlines. This allows the airline to book travel as themselves to destination that they don't actually operate planes to. It also helps on frequent flyer miles, since you'll get miles ... | [
"Flying in and out of smaller airports, cutting service to the bare minimum, and doing things like charging for in-flight meals."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
When do we use -ite and when do we use -ate for a compound? Also, is there some easy way to remember this? | [
"It has to do with the number of oxygens in the compound. -ate compounds have one more than the -ite compounds. Most -ate compounds you encounter have 3 oxygens. **Most**. There's no rule, you just need to memorize the unusual ones."
] | [
"There is no hard and fast rule. In general, for words of three or more syllables, usually those borrowed from other languages, use \"more\". The usage is fixed though, you'd never sometimes use '-er' and sometimes use \"more\" with the same adjective. For the most part you'll just have to remember what you've read... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
what exactly happens in your body when you have a "stitch in your side"? | [
"There is still debate on this topic, but the pain is likely due to the downward pulling of the internal organs on the diaphram--the muscle that contracts during respiration. For alternate theories, do a search for ETAP, or \"exercise related transient abdominal pain\"."
] | [
"Why do they randomly twitch just once? I dunno. Why do you get a twitch that won't go away? Potassium deficiency. I used to get eye twitches all the time before I figured it out."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Health and Wellness:"
} |
Why does sleeping to much make me feel even more tired? | [
"Sometimes you're just dehydrated. Have a bottle of water beside you when you wake up. It will take that lethargic feeling away. Edit: Another explanation is that oversleeping messes up with your circadian rythm (your \"sleep clock\") which signals the brain that you're up and ready to go or travelling to dreamland... | [
"Stress. Stress is keeping you up awake at night, until you become so sleep deprived your body forces you to be knocked out."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Sleep and its effects on the body:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Sleep and its effects on the body:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage about Sleep and its effects on the body:"
} |
Why is the heart on the left side of the human body? | [
"It isn't. The left ventricle is larger because it has to pump blood from the heart to the whole body. The right ventricle just has to pump blood from the right ventricle to the left ventricle, so it's smaller. Therefore the heart appears lopsided to the left, so we think of it as being on the left side of the ches... | [
"Put simply, the left breast is usually bigger because the heart is on the left side of the chest. That's really all it is."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why was Jimmy Carter such an unpopular president? What did he do that was so bad? | [
"He asked America to think about their actions and the future consequences of them, and to behave in a prudent and reasonable manner."
] | [
"There's an awful lot of us who voted for him not because we thought he was so incredibly great, but because he'd be less awful than his opponent. As for why public opinion has soured lately, it's his role in the Snowden affair, mostly."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does China not seem to care about things like the environment, worker safety, etc? | [
"China's competing in the global economy, and their biggest strength is ridiculously low cost. Safety measures at workplaces and pollution regulations mean companies have to spend more time and money on overhead rather than producing goods. The people there haven't complained in the past because they were grateful ... | [
"In addition to the other comments, countries like China have a terrible track record on human rights and so no one is surprised when they don't step up to the plate to help out at a humanitarian crisis."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Tolerance to caffeine | [
"Caffeine tolerance does raise. Eventually, I noticed that I take stronger and stronger coffee. When I make my morning cup, 2 spoons of grinds used to suffice. Now I'm up to 6. Anything less, it just tastes bad. The fact that they can drink coffee and go to sleep proves it. The morning habit is more of a routine t... | [
"The current research on the topic has shown that unless the coffee contains over a certain amount of caffeine (the effect of dehydration was shown at 500mg of caffeine) it does not dehydrate you. Source: _URL_0_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Elon Musk's new batteries. How are they new/different? When and what will it mean for me? | [
"They are more efficient and infinitely scalable, meaning they work better and you can have as many as you want. There are two models, a 7kWh model for use with solar panels for $3,000, and a 10kWh model also for solar panels, but also as a backup generator for $3,500. The 10kWh model can power an entire miderate... | [
"Well, Tesla already sells a home battery, and recently announced a new model with higher capacity (and integrated inverter). Along with the new home battery unit, they announced their plan to make solar roofs, claiming that they would be almost as efficient as normal solar panels, and more durable than normal roof... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Jury nullification and what it is. | [
"Jury Nullification is when a jury, instead of judging whether or not the person did the crime, declares them innocent because they think the law shouldn't exist."
] | [
"The Justification is that the citizens in the different states have voted to have different laws. That is the only thing that matters."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How does the weight of a city not throw off the earth's rotation? | [
"It is insignificant in relation to the overall forces."
] | [
"If you're in a stable orbit, you'll never fall back to earth. That is because you're moving so fast that the gravitational pull makes you move in a circle instead of falling into the atmosphere. This works the same way on the spacecraft as it does on the persons inside, meaning that they move at the exact same spe... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
what exactly is a coalition government and how does it work? | [
"It's not that hard to explain. In a parliamentary democracy (Like the UK or Australia) the government is formed by a majority of the parliament. If one party has a clear majority (For example: 60 of 100 seats) in parliament it can form a government by itself. Appointing the Prime Minister and other ministers from ... | [
"Please be more specific? Political parties or how politics work? All the laws would be challenging... do you have something in mind?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why can't people visualize four dimensional objects? | [
"Because we're 3 dimensional beings, and not 4th dimensional beings so we can't see and picture the 4th dimension. Basically if a 4th dimensional cube appeared in front of you, all you will see is a 3 dimensional cube appear out of nowhere, and then disappear again."
] | [
"This would be easier to answer if we had any clue what happens inside our brain when we understand something."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is the media not covering any women from the Ashley Madison leak? | [
"The vast majority of those signed up for Ashley Madison were men. There were accounts for 28 million men, compared to 5 million women. And almost all the credit card info was from men."
] | [
"R/news started censoring comments once we learned the identity of the shooter being Muslim"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post about News and current events:"
} |
Why does anywhere that serves breakfast stop serving breakfast after a certain time? | [
"Take your pick, the answer is any combination of this. * kitchen space, need to keep prepped items for both breakfast and lunch/dinner at the same time. * swap out equipment for breakfast and lunch/dinner * kitchen staff levels * customer demand For example McDonalds uses a grill for their breakfast, when switchi... | [
"I don't know what to tell you here. There is no insidious plot to keep the dessert away from you. They usually offer again at the end of the meal."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why is it generally socially acceptable to make fun of men with gynecomastia? | [
"> If a female is obese, or even a man, it's not ok to make fun of them for being fat I'm not sure about that. It really depends who you ask."
] | [
"I believe the most widespread theory is that is just simply more culturally accepted for women to engage in homosexual behavior"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why is it sometimes hard to get drunk guys hard? (NSFW) | [
"One of the primary effects of alcohol is to [depress the central nervous system](_URL_0_). The central nervous system allows a man to get hard. Inhibit it, and he can't perform."
] | [
"TIL: seeing these is much, much easier when you're drunk. THanks reddit! Edit: Oops, this is ELI5. \"this is much, much easier when daddy's tired and emotional, dear.\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why windows 10 is being released for free? | [
"Microsoft wants it's users to all be using Windows 10 because W10 will also run on their phone and tablet platforms, and they want to be able to offer a smooth experience to be more appealing as competition from Android. They also want as many active users as possible in W10 from the beginning in order to offer a ... | [
"I don't get why people say 8 is crap. Is it because of the Metro interface? It takes less than 1 min to get old start menu back. When people say \"but you shouldn't have to install something to make it like that!. They then state they use Chrome or Firefox.... Windows 8 is a great OS. I used to have to reboot my W... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
The Mongol Invasions of Japan, what was the purpose? | [
"The same reason the Mongols invaded everything, Pinky: TO TRY AND TAKE OVER THE WORLD!"
] | [
"Was any Asian country capable of helping the United States during the revolutionary war?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
What effect does Apple buying $14 billion of its own stock have? | [
"Punch this over to investing In short, supply and demand. They're taking that stock out of the market, which raises their stock price a little, since the supply is less. And everyone who owns the stock prior to the buy back owns a slightly larger percent of the company, now It also says that management believes ... | [
"A company has two very important documents, a P and L and a Balance sheet. The P and L tells you how much money a company makes the Balance Sheet tells you how much the company is worth. So when Microsoft bought Nokia they added Nokia to the Balance sheet as an asset (something worth money) and valued it at 7.6 bi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How do Space Telescopes like New Horizons Capture images of Pluto's Surface, Being Travelling Too fast in space? | [
"Travelling at 13 km/s looking at an object is 12 500 km away is the similar to sitting in a car driving 50 km/h (13 m/s) looking at an object 12.5 km away. It's not as hard as it seems."
] | [
"At its closest the Earth is about 147 million km from the Sun. At the furthest 152 million km from the Sun. That's barely anything."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Physics:"
} |
Why are american politicians running for presidency allowed to take money from big company or lobbyists ? | [
"Thanks to the idea that corporations are legally \"people,\" the courts have upheld the notion that political contributions are an exercise of \"free speech\" by these *people*, and the *Citizens United v. FEC* ruling by SCOTUS removes the caps on these donations and allows the donors to remain anonymous, thereby ... | [
"they are piles of money collected by candidates to pay for things like commercials, 'air time', tour buses, websites, flyers, buses, and staff. They help the election process by ensuring that only people with rich 'friends' can run. while super pacs are much larger piles of money collected on behalf of candidate... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How can the weather be, for example 33 but "feel like" 44.? | [
"How hot or cold you feel depends on a couple of key factors besides the air temperature. Humidity and air speed (in addition to air temperature) change how fast heat moves away from your body, too. For example, windy weather is much more efficient at removing heat from your body than no wind. When the air around y... | [
"In most cases \"hot in winter\" in far colder that \"hot in summer\" With the heater on and the fireplace on, the temperature will be between 25 and 30°C. In summer at 2AM, you're fine if it's only 25°C you have a problem when it's 40°C"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why are we able to control almost all of our muscles at will but have a lot of difficulty suppressing laughter or a smile? | [
"Facial expressions are closely linked to emotions. It is thought that the purpose of facial expressions is to convey emotions within a social group. Studies have shown that the link goes both ways: being happy can make you smile and forcing yourself to smile can make you happier, which reinforces the idea that fee... | [
"I have reading the front page and going to older posts for an hour now, and this question has followed me onto every page on the way down. I guess I'm destined to contribute? I would have to say it's because compared to our body doing something on auto-pilot, which requires virtually no effort on your part, you're... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Psychology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Psychology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage about Psychology:"
} |
What is an IP address? What do they do? | [
"An IP address is like a phone number. Picture you're at your old school house phone, and you want to get some information from another caller (website). You can either dial the persons number directly, if you memorized it, but you probably don't. phone numbers can change, so can IP addresses. Most likely you'll lo... | [
"If you do a Whois lookup (Whois IP 8.8.8.8). Level 3 Communications, Inc. owns the Class A Subnet 8.0.0.0 And Google is listed for the Class C Subnet 8.8.8.0 My guess is Google leased that Class C from Level 3 Comm. and decided to use it for their DNS server to make it easy to remember."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why do months have different numbers of days? | [
"The number 365 isn't easily divisible. Its only two factors are 5 and 73. Unless you want five 73-day months or 73 five-day months, you're going to end up with some months having different numbers of days."
] | [
"Why is election on weekdays instead of weekends?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
why flat maps of the Earth are so hard to do? | [
"Because the earth isn't flat. Take an orange, and peel it so that you have one big flat piece. That's the exact same problem."
] | [
"[it's arbitrary. ](_URL_0_) There are historical occurrences of maps that are \"upside down\". So even though \"north\" meaning toward the North Star or magnetic north is always the same direction the way you choose to draw it on a map is up to you. It could just have easily been on the left or right side of the m... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why do we tend to get restless when we're nervous? | [
"Adrenaline kicking in for flight or fight response."
] | [
"Because it helps to take your mind off of the embarrassing thought. I do that a lot when I'm hung over."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is "casual" the root word of "casualty"? Aren't they inherently pretty opposite? | [
"So, casual meaning \"laid back\" is a newer sense of the word. Originally, the root \"casual\" meant something like \"produced by chance.\" A casualty was an amount you had to pay for some incidental expense or accidental loss (just like a \"royalty\" was the amount you had to pay to the king in taxes). So \"casu... | [
"All assassination is murder but not all murder is assassination. Assassination is a higher caliber of murder. This is done in two ways: The target is a prominent political or public figure. The motives are driven by some sort of ideological agenda - religious, political, military, financial gain, a desire to acqui... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What causes the bubbles to form on the interior of a newly setup aquarium? | [
"The bubbles were in the water the whole time, just dissolved into it. Once you give everything a chance to settle, warm up, circulate, and interact, the air reconstitutes as a gas on any nucleation sites it can find (usually microscopic cracks or flakes in the glass surface) Basically it's the same reason your b... | [
"It keeps water from sticking to the inside of the lens. Same thing as soaping up a mirror in the shower."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
how and why diarrhoea is formed. | [
"The large intestine is where indigestible food/waste goes to be processed before being eliminated (poop!). The large intestine takes up water out of the waste, helping it solidify into stool. Diarrhea is when (for various reasons) poop travels through the large intestine too quickly and comes out with more water c... | [
"A reation to dust, histamines, and other irritants."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why can humans handle cold better than hot? | [
"Most of the ways we lose heat from our body rely on the temperature of the air surrounding us to be considerably lower than our body and for the air to not be too humid. In a hot shower the air temperature is very high, much higher than room temperature, and the air is incredibly saturated with water, more than 1... | [
"Because how we usually think of them is hotter and colder respectively. You associate coffee with heat and soda with being cold."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Language and culture:"
} |
How/why do boogers form and why can't I feel them forming? | [
"Mucus is excreted into the nose by a few types of cells on the inner surface of it. It's purpose is to trap pathogens, dust, or other particles in order to prevent them from entering your respiratory system. You can't feel it form because it happens so slowly and gradually that it never causes any nerve cells to f... | [
"It's basically snot. Your eyes are actually connected to your sinuses, so mucus from your nasal cavity can come through your test ducts. Also the reason you get a runny nose when you cry. The eye crust helps clear dirt from your eyes while you sleep. Just keep clearing it away like you do. It's not dissimilar to b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Health and Physiology:"
} |
Will computer processors continue decreasing in size forever? | [
"There is a limit. They cant be smaller than the size of an electron now and some quantum particle in the future. So while it is still forever away, there is a limit."
] | [
"Moore's law doesn't say technology will improve exponentially, it states that the number of transistors on the same size silicon wafer will double every 18 months or so which has more or less held true since the 60s. And it has an upper limit that no one has proven to break yet. Doesn't apply directly to medical s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Location of transformer on laptop cords. | [
"All of the above. Wall warts take up lots of space, and by putting the expensive components together in a line lump design, only the wall socket to line lump cable is country specific. These power supplies will handle any wall voltage in common use and output the voltage and current required by the laptop, making... | [
"There is its called florescent lighting. Edit: typo"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment about Technology:"
} |
Why is it autocorrect struggles with simple mistakes like 'convienent' but always finds a way to make inconvenient changes like 'one sec' into 'one sex'? | [
"Could this be due to confirmation/selection bias? The number of times that it worked correctly was not noticed, but when it works wrong, you notice and remember it. Over time, it makes you believe that autocorrect doesn't work as it should."
] | [
"Sometimes you just know that it's a spelling you've never seen before — regardless of how the correct one is. Sometimes you recognize that it doesn't fit the pattern of English — for example, if I write \"ths cannnt b ryht\"."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why do bubbles burst? | [
"The act of creating the bubble (blowing air into it) results in a slightly higher pressure inside the bubble than outside. This introduces a tensile stress in the bubble wall, which the wall must contain. Assuming they don't hit anything to disturb the integrity of the bubble wall, the fluid in bubbles actually f... | [
"What's to explain? Why we have it? How it works?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why is a bottom lip bite considered a sexual sign but upper lip bite not? | [
"Bottom lip bite signifies anticipation, to lip bite signifies apprehension. Same way an arched eyebrow signifies incredulity, these expressions are almost universal across western civilization."
] | [
"Like most things considered attractive, you have to understand that it's personal taste. Some people like boney-skinny women, some people like enormously fat women, some people like women in some range between those. As said below it's associated with skinnier women and located very close to the genitals so has mo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why are the vaccinations I had when I was a child still protecting me but I have to take my cat back to the vet every year for a booster? | [
"Cats have a number of different patterns in their biology, most of which are completely foreign to anything we've typically seen in other mammals up until now. A study done in Southern California concluded that cats are assholes."
] | [
"Unless you have an awful allergic reaction to flu shots (and no, I don't mean running a low fever for a day or so), get your flu shot. Scientists spend a lot of time and energy figuring out what strain of the flu will most likely be prevalent in the upcoming flu season. Sometimes they're wrong, but it's still the ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
I read on the cancer research UK website that cancer of the heart is very rare. Does anyone know why this is? | [
"Cancer at its base is a disease where a cell divides and forgets to stop. Every time an individual cell divides there is a chance it becomes cancerous. The cells in the heart divide significantly less often then other areas of the body. So there are fewer opportunities for a cancer cell to start."
] | [
"Cancer is not just one disease, there are many types of cancer. So it's kind misleading saying they are trying to cure cancer, most of the time they are find treatments for one variation of cancer. As for how they do it its beyond my knowledge."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
If you get a piece of pencil graphite stuck in your body (i.e. a hand), why doesn't it go away? | [
"This is called a Traumatic Tattoo. They also happen when people who work in coal mines have a cut and coal dust gets into the wound, or when dirt, asphalt dust, etc. get embedded into \"road rash\" from an abrasion. Basically, the particles act as pigment, and are held in the skin without being expelled (just like... | [
"If the thing in your eye doesn’t get out of your eye, then it might go inside your eye or your eye lid, and then it might get infected. But if it’s small enough, sometimes your body will absorb it and rip it apart into even tinier pieces and put them elsewhere in your body."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health and Wellness:"
} |
Enumeration in programming | [
"Enumeration does not speed things up, but it makes code much more readable. For example, one can look at text formatting. Text can be **bold**, *italics*, ~~strikethrough~~, underlined (not available for reddit), etc. Without enumeration, one had to refer to those with numbers throughout the entire code - with res... | [
"See this post: _URL_0_ It has a definition for basically every type of road."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do pharmacies "run out" of medicine? | [
"Pharmacies do not make anything on site. That's done in huge Big Pharma labs and even factories much like any other product. They'll ship the pharmacies what they need based on orders and inventory. So basically just like how any store runs out of a product, demand is greater than the supply."
] | [
"Good pharmacists make sure that patient's meds don't interfere with each other, or with certain foods."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why time seems to "slow down" when in a fast paced/high intensity situation. | [
"Its a trick played on you by your memory. _URL_0_"
] | [
"Even though it's not physically exhausting, the demands on your attention and reactions are *mentally exhausting*. You think that's bad, try a few hours on a motorcycle. Whew!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Health:"
} |
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