query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Why was it colder on some regions of Earth compared to Mars, a 400 million km distance, whereas there is a radical difference in temperatures between the equator and the north pol, a 2000 km distance? | [
"Same reason it can be -30 at that place on Earth in February and +30 in summer. The place on Mars they are comparing to is probably one of the hotter places on Mars right now (Martian summer time there) and they are comparing it to a portion of the Earth that is getting its coldest temperatures (winter). It's not ... | [
"It's not moving the same speed as Earths surface, it is moving much, much faster. They are about 26,000 miles away from Earth, so they must travel a much greater distance for each rotation than does the Earths surface."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Science and Technology:"
} |
how can the same DNA build three completely different forms of a butterfly (larva, pupa, adult)? | [
"When certain hormones (chemicals) are released, it triggers the production of certain proteins. These proteins float along and literally turn on/off certain genes. These genes are then expressed as a different type of tissue. Tissue becomes organs. Organs become body systems. Body systems create a new creature. So... | [
"Not just caterpillars. All insects go through some sort of metamorphoses between the egg and adult stages. This can help prevent the adult insect from competing for the same resources as their juvenile stage."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
[Repost from r/askreddit] What would happen if people withdrew all their money from banks? | [
"Yes, there's enough. The banking system is *insured* against this happening. Has been ever since the 1930s. Banking regulations say that banks must keep enough cash on hand (in the form of depository reserves at the central bank) to handle normal operations. *Ab*normal operations are backed in the United States by... | [
"Here's what I learned from this thread: - Life wasn't really that good anyway - It's my own fault for not saving - My standards are higher than people back then - We have too many bills now - Women joined the workforce - The politicians did it - The jobs went overseas - Corporate executives are taking more money t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Economics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Economics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is the chalk at the billiards table for? | [
"You rub it on the end of the cues to make the contact surface less slippery, so that more of the force of a stroke is transmitted to the cueball. Same reason gymnasts rub their hands in it when swinging on beams, to maintain grip."
] | [
"What is the black meteorite stone imbedded in the Kaaba?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
WHY doesn't the African continent have earthquakes? | [
"People mistakenly think there are no earthquakes in Africa. This is due to the continent consisting of one solid tectonic plate , rather than several that may shift against each other which is a cause of earthquakes. However I was in South Africa in 2014 and physically felt one, for over 30 seconds. It was all ove... | [
"Because contrary to what you may believe the usa does NOT own the internet."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why can't we charge batteries very quickly or even instantly? | [
"Batteries are in effect repeatable reversible chemical reactions. Think of, for example, how water turns to ice when you cool it (take energy out) and turns to liquid when you heat it (put energy in). That's basically what a battery is, you load it up with the potential to create a reaction and generate electricit... | [
"No, charging is intelligent in phones. You can leave it plugged for life and it will only charge when it's needed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Could someone named Stephen King become a writer using their name? | [
"Yes they could. you can't copyright a name. You can trademark a specific way the name is written (font, colors, etc) so a guy named McDonald can open a burger shop with his own name but he probably can't use big Golden Arches and a clown dresses in red and yellow. Generally the rule is you can't confuse or try to ... | [
"Aka how can I become a cult leader?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is artificial light used to grow plants on ISS instead of the sun? | [
"If you leave the window shades up all the time, you will heat the inside of the ship up a lot. Additionally, you'd only get light on the plants half the time since you're going around the earth every 90 minutes. Finally, with LEDs you can control the wavelength and intensity of light to optimize growth conditions.... | [
"Artificial lights, such as florescent lights and incandescent bulbs, mimic the sun's spectrum. Therefore, the calculator doesn't know it is getting charged by artificial light and not natural."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
As we get older, why do men find it harder to pee while women find it harder to not pee? | [
"One of the big reasons is that mens' prostate gland can grow larger (even when it's not cancer) which pinches the urethra, so it's like when you kink up your garden hose and less water comes out."
] | [
"Most men urinate standing up, It's a nice feature because you don't have to pull your shorts down to pee. You can just pop your penis through flaps and do your thing."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Evolution to this point in time. | [
"1. weakly self replicating organic molecules 2. self replicating molecules inside lipid shells 3. single cell organisms 4. multi-cell organisms 5. diverse aquatic lifeforms, including early fish 6. fish able to survive out of water for short periods 7. amphibians 8. reptiles 9. mammals 10. monkeys 11. apes 12. pri... | [
"I believe this was a serious issue for Sparta."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
What's happening with this potential government shutdown. | [
"Basically, the federal government spends the money congress says it should spend; we have a lot of that money in yearly budgets (congress passes appropriations bills, that basically say spend $x for y,z... between Oct/1 and Sept 30); all those appropriations bills expire on Oct 1, so after that, the federal govern... | [
"How would the president conduct a hostile takeover without the military? Also a takeover of what?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If we use an exclamation point to show we are yelling, why isn't there a symbol for whispering? | [
"It doesn't sound dumb -- that is a very interesting question. The exclamation mark originated as shorthand for *io* which is a joyous outcry in Latin. The letters of *io*, stacked, give us the exclamation mark. If whispers occurred as frequently in early Latin texts as joyous exclamations (and questions) we might ... | [
"It's a learned thing. It never happened before the internet era. When I was a kid you capped things maybe for emphasis, just so the word looked different and was easier to pick out of a paragraph, but it didn't mean shouting or aggressive."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why are emulators for old systems (NES, SNES, Sega Genesis, etc) considered to be illegal? The companies don't make any money from places like Gamestop, are they technically illegal too? | [
"I'd like to point out that *emulators* are absolutely *not* illegal. Using pirated software is. And you usually need to pirate the ROM or some other form of software to use an emulator. The emulator software itself, though, is perfectly legal. And if you own a copy of the ROM, that's more of a grey area."
] | [
"When you 'buy' a video game you are not truly buying it. You are leasing it (atleast in North America), same for Movies and TV Shows. If you look on the back of any game/movie box/case you will see that it says LEASED not OWNED by the party who purchased the game. You do not own that content because you bought it,... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do humans feel the need to take care of small/vulnerable/"cute" animals? | [
"We're biologically tuned to love creatures with certain characteristics - big eyes, pudgy round faces and limbs, tiny mouths, etc. - because that's the way our young need to be designed for functional reasons. (I know you said you understand that part, but someone else might not.) Psychologically, this is so deepl... | [
"Because certain animals are perceived as strong, powerful, fast, smart etc and mascots have to portray themselves like that, so their opponents will be scared of them. Animals like rats/mice and ants are unpopular mascots because they are considered weak and small."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Can we code an operating system from scratch using an empty PC? | [
"Before operating systems, computers were programmed by switches on the front. Without an interface of some sort, you can't get data in to the computer at all. A \"clean\" PC has a simple operating system called the BIOS, a Basic Input/Output System in ROM (read-only memory), but that is designed to configure basic... | [
"Think of programming an emulator like you would create a virtual version of a computer. You'll sort of create a CPU, a GPU, even RAM depending on what you are doing, and the BIOS: that means you program what the machine should do when you turn it on (e.g. memory checks, load data from the cartridge, etc). And then... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What's so great about Van Gogh? | [
"You know, I used to wonder that too. I didn't really get the big deal about most super-famous painters... Then I saw some of Van Gogh's work up close at a museum... It's fucking spectacular. I'm not enough of an art buff to describe it, but the fucking texture man... blew my mind. That's art, I guess... I can't de... | [
"What do you want to know about them exactly?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why are movies so poorly written compared to TV? | [
"> Don't post just to express an opinion or argue a point of view. There's tons of worse written TV shows, too. This isn't the place for this kind of question though."
] | [
"Comedy is difficult, drama not so much. Think about the number of decent dramatic films that are released yearly vs the number of funny comedies."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Do newborns feel any pain as they are pushed through the mother's vagina? They always cry, but is that because of the shock of the new environment or the high amount of pressure on their skulls? | [
"Newborns cry because they are using their lungs for the very first time and it hurts. I don't think the head trauma is too bad, that seems like something evolutionarily accounted for."
] | [
"Most of them are TENS units. So while they could simulate the muscle tensing pain via electrical shock, they wouldn't compare to actual childbirth. The pain, the intense pressure, the pain of tearing or episiotomy, or cesarean, and in some cases, dislocation of pelvis or hip joints... like in my case where my son ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
What determines if a plant is a fruit or a vegetable? | [
"\"Vegetable\" is culinary term, not a botanical one. The distinction between fruits and vegetables is usually based on how you use them - fruits are usually sweeter and are eaten for desert, while vegetables are eaten as part of the main meal. Tomatoes are fruit in the botanical sense, but vegetables in the culina... | [
"It's classification clashing with what the normal public uses. A banana is also a herb. A berry is a single fruit that contains multiple seeds. Blackberries are not actually berries because they have multiple segments with only one seed in each. We call them blackberries because that's the name everyone uses, that... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Botany:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Botany:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why would a company ever go public and accept investor money, which they have to pay back indefinitely, over loaning money, which only has to be paid off with interest? | [
"Companies only see the money earned by the initial public offering. (IPO) The money exchanged during further trading does not go to the company, nor does money earned from selling stock come from the company. Stock represents a share of ownership of the company, and if you hold enough of it, you get some level of ... | [
"The reason is to encourage you to put money in the bank. They then use that money to loan out to *other* people at a higher rate, thus making them money. If you take a loan out from the bank, interest starts immediately, and it would be pro-rated whenever you paid it back. Therefore, you would lose money if you tr... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What would happen to all the actively cooled nuclear waste if civilization collapsed? | [
"Depends on the design of the system, but most will detect lack of people watching and auto-scram. From there they will automatically run their cooling systems, on generator power, and should eventually switch to a passive cooling mode. A lot of this depends on the design of the reactor, Fukushima for example relie... | [
"If we could get them separated and contained, they would cease to be a problem. The issue is that they are generating radioactive heat uncontrollably due to proximity and a failure of the stop measures. And you really don't want nuclear waste blowing up on liftoff."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why were there naval battles in the American Civil War? | [
"The Union blockaded Southern ports to stop them from receiving goods from international trade that could support their economy or war effort. The naval battles were around this blockade."
] | [
"Was any Asian country capable of helping the United States during the revolutionary war?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
If heat rises, why are mountaintops full of snow? | [
"Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: Heat rises, yet it is cold on top of a mountain. E ](_URL_2_) 1. [ELI5: If heat rises, why is it freezing cold above the clouds? ](_URL_1_) 1. [ELI5: If heat rises, why are higher altitudes generally colder? ](_URL_0_) 1. [ELI5: If heat rises, w... | [
"Clouds are just water vapor. It's just fog that's high up in the sky. So the answers to all your questions are the same as the answer to \"what would happen if you poured water outdoors while it was foggy?\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is there such a large architectural diversity in Detroit? | [
"Architecture in older cities are cyclical and reflect boom/bust times. I live in Cleveland and the buildings seem to be 1930/40's, 1960/70's, and then a few newer ones."
] | [
"It also has some of the most respected learning institutions in the country. Colleges tend to be liberal."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why is cracking your back so addicting? | [
"Since I read it as \"why is crack so addicting?\" i thought to myself... \"Dude, you're in some deep shit right now.\""
] | [
"Popping your knuckles isn't a bad thing. Chiropractors are quacks and popping your back doesn't do anything at all."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
What are the Panama Papers? Why do they matter? | [
"Essentially it means that the super wealthy evade tax by hiding their money. Why you should matter about that? If more people paid tax the money would stay within that country helping its economic growth. I think this video explains it well: _URL_0_"
] | [
"What about the US election do you want explained, specifically?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
The hate towards Fox News | [
"There is a story and there are ways to tell the story. Imagine if a neighbourhood kid broke a window. 1. You can tell the story simp: \"Joe broke the window!\" 2. Or you can tell the story with a bit added: \"Joe, who Suzy said pulled her hair once, was seen snooping around. He was behaving when it was clear, but ... | [
"Should point out that it is only a fan theory that SA is about prostitution."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do we translate people's names? | [
"At the time Latin was still the international language of the educated and Christopher Columbus is the Latin version. Many people would be referred to by a Latin name; this is why we call Carl von Linne Carl/Carolus Linnaeus. Many terms were shoehorned into Latin versions which are what we use today. As an exampl... | [
"Why do people in Western countries use forks?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why can carrion-eaters consume decaying flesh, but humans risk illness from raw meat? | [
"Everything risks illness from contaminated meat. Raw meat in and of itself does not pose a threat. We have to worry about what's on/in the meat. Some animals who specialize in carrion in particular also have adaptations to their digestive tracts where they either are exceptional at eliminating bacteria they inges... | [
"Humans do not have to cook meat. Sushi, Steak Tartar, Ceviche, are all food preparations that involve uncooked meat. What cooking meat, and other foods does is kill pathogens on the meat that can make us sick (a lot of animals get sick or die from food contamination). This is particularly important as we do not ea... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does the U.S. Navy have fighter jets? | [
"The pilots who fly in the Air Force are trained to take off and land on land. It takes a completely different set of skills to take off and land on an aircraft carrier. Since and Aircraft carrier is a ship it is most logical to have the things it carries by operated by Naval personnel. Edit: As to why the Navy ha... | [
"Because Canada does not benefit from that. Why do you think Canada *should* have the same size military as the US?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
why is gravity/relativity shown as 2 dimensional? | [
"Because we can't see in 4 dimensions. Space-time is visualized by cutting 3 dimensions to 2 dimensions and then showing the change in gravity/relativity in the 3rd dimension. The 3rd dimension represents the 4th. Also, things in a solar system are lined up in a disk! so the 2 dimension representation is really acc... | [
"because there are rotating .. if you spin a transparent ball with water inside you will have the same 2d shape. phisics first class"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:"
} |
Why are some pimples really painful, and others are not? | [
"What I've always heard is that it's related to how deep the infection is. So, a pimple with sebum down to the second layer will hurt more than a pimple that is only present in the first. Something along those lines."
] | [
"For example, this morning I was at the dentist and randomly a spot on my forehead got very itchy out of no where and I couldn’t scratch it, and it started to feel more and more itchy, and then eventually the feeling went away. What is that all about?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the post about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why do my cats and dog tolerate loud noises all day, but cower at even distant thunder? | [
"It is not the sound alone that scares animals, it is the combination of the sound with smells and pressure changes. Animals can sense things in the atmosphere that we do not notice, it is said that animals freak out before an earthquake strike. Hearing is not a primary sense for most dogs."
] | [
"I would think it wakes you up because you see it as a potential threat. My mother is a heavy sleeper, my dad snores so hard that the whole house vibrates and she doesn't give a damn. But everytime when I was a kid, she would wake up instantly if I cried about some monster lurking in me closet."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is causing the apparent refugee crisis in Europe? | [
"A multitude of different reasons. Some of which are: - Syria's civil war, which has displaced millions of Syrians - Sectarianism and cultural/religious marginalization and persecution throughout the Middle East and Northern Africa - Escaping volatile countries e.g. Afghanistan, Iraq - The chance to live a life fre... | [
"Having an external issue is a good way to keep the population from being concerned about internal problems, of which there are plenty in Argentina."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What purpose does yawning serve when you are tired? | [
"Unclear. Studies are very contradicting as to what yawning exactly does. Some say it gives more oxygen, some say it doesn't, it might be temperature regulation, or it could be social things to organize groups to sleep at the same time."
] | [
"While we are asleep our brain still has control over our muscles. Yawning is an involuntary reflex meaning, it just happens. Scientifically speaking yawning is one of the more challenging mammal traits we have. It provides no discernible benefits to the functioning of the body nor does it give any physiological be... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
What exactly is being a stock broker and if they make so much money, why doesn't everybody become one? | [
"They are salespeople. They earn a commission on what they sell. What they happen to sell are millions and millions of dollars of financial products, so their commissions are enormous. Very hard job to get (well, its easy to get a job as a broker, it's just hard to get a job as a broker with clients who actually ge... | [
"Do they actually have a product that people want to buy? Or is the only training you get is how to recruit people, if your only job is to recruit people and then train them on how to recruit people, odds are good you are wasting your time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Finance:"
} |
why isn't there a simple, safe cure for acne? Isn't acne essentially just a bacterial infection? | [
"Antibiotics are routinely prescribed for acne, both topical stuff applied to the face and oral antibiotics. They help, but are reserved for more severe cases to prevent the spread of antibiotic resistance, which is already a problem with acne. Other stuff like benzoyl peroxide is used for more mild cases."
] | [
"The Accutane molecule is similar in shape to Vitamin A. It stops sebaceous glands from working. Think of it as turning off the faucet that pumps the gunk into the acne. It doesn't work for everyone because it doesn't work for every time of acne. It works best for the big nodular acne, because that is mostly caused... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How Dictatorships are maintained | [
"The really short answer: A few loyal close friends, a large number of high military people and more that are given special benefits, and spies everywhere that reveal opposition before they can do anything."
] | [
"What's to explain? Why we have it? How it works?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does drinking a cold beverage makes me feel hot? | [
"My guess is that your body is around 98 degrees so in order to digest the cold beverage the body has to use energy in order to raise the temperature of the water to match your body temp. Doing this creates a little bit of an increase in body temperature"
] | [
"Coffee does nothing except keep you alert for a bit and in one place while you drink it. It actually will make your hang over worse, because caffeine is a dieretic as well as alcohol. Fun fact: if you feel as if you're going to vomit after a night of drinking, or feel full, you can drink a cup of water without ge... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are some foods canned and others jarred? | [
"A few things to consider. Cans are cheaper than jars, and jars are resealable and can be stored in the fridge for weeks without any negative side effects. Cans can get full of bacteria after they are opened, so they aren't good for storing things. So, you'd mostly see jars for things that need to be resealed and s... | [
"The fish is cooked in the can as part of the canning process. The cooking kills any bacteria that would spoil the fish and the can keeps oxygen and bacteria out until you open it. Same for pretty much all canned food."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Food storage:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Food storage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Food storage:"
} |
Why do companies with a large amount of cash still issue debt? | [
"Taking on debt spreads financial risk across a longer period of time. If I shell out 100% today, I'm out 100% today, and 100% tomorrow of my investment goes south. I'm screwed the day after tomorrow. If I shell out 2% today, I'm out 2% today and 2% for the next 4 years, so if things don't work out, I can continue ... | [
"Verizon has $11 billion in cash (as of 2014), and will likely use some of that. Otherwise, they will likely issue new corporate bonds. The money is paid to shareholders of AOL."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is "supply side problem" of hiring women in tech invalid? | [
"You should ask those people why they think the argument is invalid because with what you've posted here, I can't see why it's valid. I think there is sort of a chicken/egg issue, though. Since most tech companies are male a more \"masculine\" culture prevails in those companies, which might make it uncomfortable ... | [
"Can you please give an example of \"everyone\" and of what \"recent reports\" your referring to? This is an incredibly loaded statement"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Where would I be deported if I were born in international waters? | [
"If you were born on a ship then that ship is registered to a country. You might be considered born there."
] | [
"there are extradition treaties in place that say if a person commits a crime in Country A and flees to Country B, then Country B will send him back to Country A for a trial. but not all countries do this, which is why if you kill someone one the US, you should get yourself to Venezuela as fast as you can."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why did fully wireless earphones/earbuds take so long to reach the market, when those quirky bluetooth headsets have been around for so long? | [
"A big part of the problem was and still is that the buds need to receive a stereo signal at exactly the same time. The phone being in your pocket on one side of your body is enough to throw that off. _URL_0_"
] | [
"It isn't the idea itself which is new, it is the ability to bring it to market at an affordable price point. In the case of 3D VR the idea has been out there for a long time but the technology wasn't there at the right economy. So each company was just waiting to bring it to market."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why are human births much more physically draining than other mammals'? | [
"* humans have huge brains inside of huge heads * humans started walking upright, which constricted the path from uterus to outside world."
] | [
"Reproduction. Females develop sooner than males because one male can impregnate many females, but one female can only be impregnated by one male at a time. Males can also continue to impregnate women pretty much until the day they die, but females eventually hit menopause. As such, it is more important for females... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
what exactly is the big problem that prevents governments from being totally transparent? | [
"Negotiations become infinitely harder if they are carried out in the public eye. Diplomatic negotiations in general are not carried out in public and never have been. I think it's a bit unfair to suggest that negotiating in secret on an agreement that will be made public is not being totally transparent. The enti... | [
"Do you have any examples that show the administration is eager to get into a war?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why there is more inequality in the US when we have such a progressive tax system | [
"[Here](_URL_0_), read one of the author's other blog entries. He basically goes over some the details there. In short, though, a progressive tax system isn't enough on its own to reduce income inequality because tax only 'takes' money. It has to be followed up by a progressive spending system that helps put money ... | [
"Because in the U.S the media likes to bash socialism. Those solutions are considered ineffective in the U.S simply because the mass are fed with a lot of lies. In truth, countries that implement the best of every system generally do a lot better compared to those that favor one over another."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why aren't people getting sick from using their phones in the bathroom? | [
"The real issue is that washing your hands in the bathroom isn't as crucial to avoid illnesses as you'd think. It's just that washing your hands IN GENERAL is, and reminding people to do so after using the bathroom is easier since you're already in a place with a sink."
] | [
"We're not supposed to use our phones at gas stations?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
When scientists look for life on other planets, why do they look for things that humans need to survive? | [
"So imagine you have a basket of rainbow colored Easter eggs. In this basket there are 9 eggs of different colors. In the green egg, there is a lot candy. But there is no candy in the other eggs. You decide you want to know if there is more candy in other eggs out in the back yard. You grab another basket and run o... | [
"Water is heavy but very necessary for life. If the planet already has water on it, it may make it easier for people to travel to the planet if they don't have to take quite as much water with them. This is especially true if we ever attempt to colonize the planet. Also, since it's essential for life as we know, di... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about science:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about science:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
The controversial yet widely accepted idea that women can multi-task whilst men cannot | [
"I think it might have some base i historical gender roles. The women in the village,cooking,weaving,yapping and watching the kids while the men are on the hunt,completely focussed on the kill/trail."
] | [
"While it's a common belief, every study done to test it under controlled conditions says you can't."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why kiwi fruits have this kind of thin layer of hair on them. | [
"In short, to protect the fruit. It can help repel small bugs from eating it. The tiny hairs can also help absorb water and other nutrients to promote growth."
] | [
"Because it is the juice of an orange which is orange on the outside. The color of the exterior of the fruit isn't directly related to the color of the juice."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
what exactly is phlegm and why does it change colour based on our health? | [
"It's mucus. Snot, just like the stuff found in your nose. People think of mucus as being found only in the nose, but there's a layer of it that coats your entire respiratory tract, from your nostrils all the way down into your lungs. It cleans the air you breathe by acting like flypaper: dust, smoke, germs, etc. g... | [
"When you breathe cold dry air the nose will release mucus to protect the sensitive spots on your lungs and some of that mucus will run out your nose which is what causes runny noses. On the other-hand your nose dries up because there is no need for this in the temperature you are used to. Hope that answers your qu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Health:"
} |
When you press on your closed eyes, why do you get these weird hallucinations (shapes, patterns etc)? | [
"You see (detect light) only because nerve cells in your eyes produce a neural impulse when exposed to light. We interpret this as a picture. Just like any other nerve cell, they can also be stimulated to produce a response by mechanical force like pressing. When you press your eyes, you stimulate these cells and t... | [
"/u/Yourregularredditor You are probably experiencing what are called entoptic phenomena. In the case of the tiny circles that you see, if they're point sized, like little dots, what you're actually seeing are the tiny little white blood cells squiggling around in your arteries. /u/astrosoup I'm not sure what you m... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How can the Playstation 2 still play games once the disk has been removed? | [
"The game doesn't play straight from the disc. Instead, the game files are copied to the console's RAM, and are played from there. The game will stop when it needs to load more data from the disc, for example when you need to load a new level."
] | [
"Your 12 year old dvd \"Player\" ? Playing a DVD and ripping a DVD are two different things."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why do cold/flu symptoms get worse later in the day? | [
"There is a hormone called Cortisol in our bloodstream. At night, it decreases dramatically. When it decreases, your body becomes more alert to infection and starts to battle it. Most of the miserable symptoms we have when sick (fevers, congestion etc) are the result of our bodies fighting back. I think that might ... | [
"Yes. Headache, fever, nausea, and muscle aches are common side effects of flu vaccines. They are usually mild and go away by themselves after a day or two."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How/why does chemotherapy kill cancer cells, but not regular or healthy cells? | [
"But it does. Why do you think many patients' hair falls out because of chemotherapy? Scientists try very hard to make chemotherapy that targets only the cancer cells (but explaining how exactly they do that is complicated beyond my own knowledge, has to do with cell biology and is way beyond Explain-like-I'm-five... | [
"Yes, up to a point. Exposure to radiation causes rapid cell death in the body, the hardest hit are the cells that divide the most rapidly, like white blood cells, cells that line the stomach and intestines (the death of these cells is why people who undergo radiation therapy gets nausea and diarrhea). If you are h... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Medicine:",
"pos": "Represent the post about Medicine:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
The Modern "War on Women" | [
"There are a variety of issues that have come up that seem to relegate women to second class citizens, two of the biggest being birth control and abortion. The fact that viagra is covered by insurance, but some are fighting to keep birth control uncovered. Many in the media hinted that women who needed birth contro... | [
"Next Week's Theme: 'Royalty, Nobility, and the Exercise of Power' To be followed by: \"Eastern Europe\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why do people blush when they're embarrassed? | [
"It's similar to why we cry. The human animal relies upon community, and and our emotions being transparent. Caring for each other is important to our survival. This is why it's so difficult for us to hide our strong emotions."
] | [
"A better question might be: why is your grammar worsens when you're drunk?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
how do scissors work | [
"You are applying a shear force on what you're cutting, which means you're pushing in opposite directions on a material. [See the images on this article](_URL_0_) The force can eventually tear the material. Because the metal blades are held together evenly, your cut is nice and straight, unlike trying to tear apart... | [
"nothing is 100% transparent otherwis you would not be able to see it"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it that when my internet connection is poor, whatever video/stream I am watching lags terribly, while the advertisements before it are perfect quality? | [
"Ads are programmed by your site, often even regardless of what you're watching. Youtube essentially knows you're a techie guy and will start preloading techie ads before you ever get to actually watch any. That way, then it comes to showing you an advert, it will often just play one that it already locally downloa... | [
"\"Netflix streaming\" means that you are downloading data, projecting it, then discarding it almost immediately. This keeps things off of Netflix from being pirated (you only have a small part of the file at any one time), but it means that there is a very small safety net compared to, say, Youtube when your inter... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Internet speed and service:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Internet speed and service:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why is it easier to carry cups of liquid when not looking at them? | [
"Just an educated guess, no actual science to back this up, but I'd guess it has something to do with your subconscious attempts to correct the way you're holding them to prevent spillage when you're looking at them (causing over correction and more sloshing, which you then have to try and correct for, etc.), rathe... | [
"The advantage with this shape is, that you do not have to tilt them as far to get the liquid out of them. Older jugs are actually bigger on the bottom, but you have to lift them high and lean back to drink from them"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is blood made in the body? | [
"RBC's originate from stem cells in the bone marrow, but the spleen filters out old dying RBC's and releases new cells into circulation. The spleen is more of a staging area for new cells once they release from the marrow and aren't currently circulating. It's possible to live without your spleen, but it does put a... | [
"Because you have a significant amount of iron in your blood."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why do some shows/movies specify that "The events and characters depicted in this [show] are fictitious." | [
"The film \"Rasputin and the Empress\" was the first major defamation case cited by wikipedia. In 1932 during the worst of the depression they paid over a million dollars to settle. The film was taken off the market to prevent further lawsuits. So many \"Law and Order\" episodes are based on real events that they w... | [
"The head of a TV show is known as a \"showrunner\" and he/she acts as the creative lead of the entire show. Showrunners function as a combination producer/director/writer for the entire series. There are individual writers to help with specific episodes and individual directors to help with management of the stage... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How were animated movies in the 20s - 50s made, before modern computer animation? | [
"Hand drawn and they took years to make. There are some great making of videos online you can watch. But actually, hand drawn with some occasional rotoscoping (a technique Disney actually invented to cut down on drawing time). Scary isn't it?"
] | [
"A couple of reasons. It's not so much that Toy Story looks bad, it just doesn't look as realistic as modern CGI and realism is what you're judging. You're only expecting Snow White to look like an animation; by realism standards it's terrible. The other reason: 80 years ago, painting/drawing technology was pretty ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do shells have a wooshing sound? | [
"Everyone keeps saying that it is the sound of blood, but while it might be that in part it isn't really the bulk of the sound. You could just as well hear that if your ear was completely blocked by an earplug. What you are hearing is ambient sound resonating within the chamber of the seashell. You can try this wit... | [
"When you blow across the top, the tone it makes is dependent upon the size of the air column. Got some jizz left inside? You'll hear a higher pitch."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why are olympic uniforms all in english and not of the countries home language? | [
"English and French are the only official Olympic languages. They then add in the host county's as well, but that's it."
] | [
"Because those products are also marketed in Canada, and Canadian laws require labelling in both French and English? That would be my guess. Also, French is fairly universal outside of English. Take the Olympics, for example. Whenever the Olympics go somewhere, they always make the signage and things in 3 languages... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Where did the notion of Korean fan-death come from, and why do they STILL believe it? | [
"I always heard that fan death became a thing after several people were found dead under mysterious circumstances. The fans were blamed to preserve family honor, but many of the deaths were suicides. Suicides are still commonly covered up as fan deaths."
] | [
"So when and where did playing cards as we know them come into being anyways?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
How can police know what gun the bullet came from just the bullet case | [
"A lot of this has been discredited by science in recent years"
] | [
"> How strong is this ID method? Not very, and certainly nowhere near the nonsense portrayed on TV. A well preserved bullet can often be said to be consistent with a certain firearm after testing. Unless that particular gun has some unique defect or wear pattern it is impossible to conclusively link a bullet to a s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why can't saltwater fish survive in freshwater? | [
"Because their cells have adapted to saltwater. If they were in fresh water the water would try to equalize the chemical concentrations of the fish's cells with itself, which would involve flowing into fish cells and bursting them open. The same thing happens to people if we drink too much water."
] | [
"Because ocean water is salt water and lake water is fresh water."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does a nuclear bomb explode before hitting the ground ? | [
"Bombs are made for different purposes, those which explode on impact are designed to destroy what they actually hit, whilst those that explode in the air cause damage to a wider area. Nuclear bombs are an area effect weapon so they work best when detonated at altitude this can be triggered in a number of different... | [
"They could shoot it down before it reaches a high-population area, thus minimizing casualties. They aren't there to save the people on the plane."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do car air conditioners need to be recharged, but home units (window, central air, etc) can be used continuously? | [
"Coolant molecules are very small, and coolant is under extremely high pressure, so it's prone to leaking. Cars use non-solid piping for parts of the A/C system because the pipes need to be flexible. These lines tend to leak, and their unions tend to use O-rings for seals which tend to leak as well. Whereas the pip... | [
"a central heater will heat a whole house, normally through duct work in the walls. An electric fireplace will only heat things in the immediate area around it. The same question would be the difference between central and a window based air conditioner. A window based air conditioner will only really cool the r... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
what is currently happening in global stock markets. | [
"Print too much money, lower interest rates to a stupid number like 0% People take too much debt because of free money Bubbles in stocks, real estate, etc Free money runs out, interest rates rise People can't pay back debts, sells stuff Bubble pops See: 1929, 1987, 2000, 2008, 2015?"
] | [
"1. They are ridiculously expensive 2. The global decline in Nationalism in favor of Globalism"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How does Ionized Water clean objects? | [
"More likely it's **de**ionized. Deionized water has had various mineral impurities removed."
] | [
"Installation Cost: save money by buying pre made walls instead of custom walls Smells: Airflow helps remove gases Cleaning: easier to clean floors Security: people less likely to do drugs, sex, etc. Speed: increased throughput by people seeing which stalls are empty instead of knocking"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
What is a mushroom cloud, and what causes one to form? | [
"Hot air rises. As it rises, it expands, and cools. Eventually it reaches a height where its density is similar to the surrounding air, so it no longer rises...however, more stuff is piling in behind it, so it spreads out sideways. Often the smoke is actually more dense than the surrounding air once it's cooled - p... | [
"What you're seeing in your link isn't dust, it's the result of instant vaporisation at the epicentre of a nuclear explosion. Watch the telegraph poles and their wires, they just melt away into vapour before the shockwave hits. I'm not an expert, but I don't think anything similar happens when a normal, much smalle... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
why there are people with birth defects, but not the opposite? | [
"You mean people who are just generally hardy and tough? They aren't all that rare, really."
] | [
"They get one from a child and it grows as they grow. I don't know if it's the same for every organ but I assume so."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What is the difference between a princess & a Dutchess? Why did Meghan Markle become a Dutchess & not a princess? Why did Harry’s title change from Prince to Duke? | [
"Prince/Princess are royal titles reserved for the monarch's family, while Duke/Duchess are titles which can in principle be granted to anyone. In practice, you'd now have to inherit the title because only members of the royal family are given new Dukedoms. Harry is still a Prince because he's still a male-line gra... | [
"There are two types of queen. Queen Elizabeth is a Queen Regnant, meaning she is the queen by succession (ie. by birth). A Queen Consort is the wife of the reigning king. However, there is no equivalent for kings. The only way to be a king is by succession. When William is King, Kate will be Queen Katherine, becau... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why can I Skype someone on the other side of the world with no lag, but multi-billion dollar news corporations have delay when speaking to someone in another country/location on TV? | [
"When you're using Skype, you're both using regular internet connections, running through cables in the ground. This is relatively lag-free. When they speak to people on the news etc, you'll often hear them specifically say \"we're speaking to them live via satellite\" because they're in a remote location without a... | [
"TV is like having one very loud person talking to an entire room, you can all hear him pretty much instantly. The Internet is more like trying to have a conversation with somebody on the other side of a room by asking everyone in the middle to pass the messages between you. Everyone (switches, routers, and so on) ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
If Placeboes work why are there no fake medicene tablets in stores | [
"Because that would be illegal? And placebos don't actually \"work\". It's a psychosomatic response in some people, but they don't actually physically change anything. If you have an illness or disease that requires a specific medication, it's not going to be miraculously healed by taking a sugar pill."
] | [
"They have to have the same pharmaceutical incredients and dosages. They don't necessarily have the same other components like binders, fast-dissolving tablets for quick action, coatings to prevent stomach irritation etc. Not saying they don't charge a lot for the brand name though. They're not going to pay for TV ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Retail:"
} |
can you control your dreams? Why? Why not? | [
"Yes, you can gain lucidity while dreaming, and control them. [See lucid dreaming.](_URL_0_) As far as I can tell, there is no proven scientific theory explaining lucid dreaming, however, its existence is nonetheless well established. According to the Wikipedia article, there is one notable hypothesis, however, I'm... | [
"Can you not get an erection in space?!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do Operating System messages give useless (to most) error codes instead of simple explanations of what went wrong? | [
"There are thousands of error codes in the systems and the OS is translated in many languages.. * It's cheaper to use codes because you can keep adding them all over and not have to send them for translation * although some error codes have a common cause, others can because caused for various reasons and thus the ... | [
"There really is no such thing, in the context of \"Your computer has registry errors and you should download our crappy software to fix them\". You can certainly have orphaned (unreferenced, unused) keys in your registry. They don't really hurt anything. Other than that, the registry is just a collection of setti... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
What is a lan party? (Call of Duty) | [
"LAN - Local Area Network. People bring their machines and link them together for the purpose of playing a computer game. The internet speed and servers have really made this practice pointless, but it used to be the only way to play together."
] | [
"CS:GO good at preventing hacking? What?? Have you ever played csgo??"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What is that sensation I get when I pee and it feels like I have to pee more? | [
"This only happens to me when I try to pee with a boner."
] | [
"It doesn't. You already have to pee a lot. If you pee now, though, it just means you'll pee again later. If you wait to \"break the seal,\" when you finally do, you'll just pee more at once and then inevitably have to pee again later because you're drinking."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why do some words have such a drastic change in pronunciation when adding a suffix? For example, "maniac" vs. "maniacal"? | [
"The change in pronunciation in this case is due to one thing only: the shift in stress, from \"m**a**niac\" to \"man**i**acal\". It so happens that there's a general rule in English: in adjectives ending in \"-al\", the stress falls two syllables before the suffix. * fa·**na**·tic·al * fa·**mi**·li·al * re·**me**·... | [
"A \"silent letter\" usually serves to signify the pronunciation of another vowel in the word. For example, compare \"man\" and \"mane\" or \"din\" and \"dine.\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does the Canadian government and economy function compared to America's? | [
"We don't elect our Prime Minister directly. We vote for a member of parliament, and the leader of the party with the most members after all the votes are counted gets appointed Prime Minister by the Governor General. The GG is appointed by the Queen (but she always appoints the person that the current Prime Minist... | [
"The American government does not care what the rest of the world thinks."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can products such as Dr. Pepper, Sprite and Gatorade have individual promotions when they're under a brand like Pepsi and Coca-Cola? | [
"I'm not sure I understand. Why would they not be advertised individually?"
] | [
"Diet Coke was produced as a diet cola. Coke Zero was produced to be a lower calorie Coca-Cola. Diet Coke was never intended to mirror the taste of Coca-Cola."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why does a chicken with its head cut off run around like a ...chicken with its head cut off?? | [
"> Why does a chicken with its head cut off run around like a ...chicken with its head cut off?? Chickens can run even when they are only left with a small portion of their brain stem, located below an area where most people would consider the chicken's head. This means a chicken might still be able to run after it... | [
"If someone sticks a pin in your butt and someone else cuts off your leg you still have a pin in your butt."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does slurping a hot beverage make it feel less hot when drinking it? | [
"You're also using your mouth like a carburetor of sorts. Adjusting the ratio of air rushing past the surface of the liquid also changes the temperature of it while providing cooling to the tongue and inner surface of the mouth."
] | [
"Because most coffee you drink is hotter than room temperature, so in comparison to what you expect the coffee to feel like, a coffee at room temperature would feel cold. But we usually drink milk from the refrigerator so when it's a room temperature it's hotter than what you expect. And the reason why coffee is us... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Language and culture:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument about Language and culture:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Language and culture:"
} |
Why are Americans forced to buy health insurance instead of just increasing taxes and covering all healthcare? | [
"That would destroy the entire health insurance industry and cause the loss of many jobs. The recent health care act is a step in that direction, but you are suggesting a step that causes too much change too quickly."
] | [
"Pros: * Everyone has health care coverage. * Catastrophic illnesses or accidents no longer bankrupt families. * Theoretically, the state could drive preventative care programs as a way to reduce costs. Cons: * It costs money. Someone has to pay for this with taxes. * The state gets even more involved in your priva... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How come we haven't evolved to dislike unhealthy foods? | [
"That's a lot of biological rewiring to do, and fast food has only been around for, what, about 50 years? Evolution happens over more than one generation."
] | [
"It's pretty simple, unhealthy food is cheaper than healthy food."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
What is science and why does it "work"? | [
"Science is - at it's most fundamental - the process of creating knowledge and the knowledge itself that results from the application of the scientific method. The scientific method has a few really important principles: 1. the information that counts most is empirical data. So..science is about the real world. 2. ... | [
"what is matter? Never mind. What is mind? It doesn't matter."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how to thieves get away with physical purchases with stolen cards? | [
"Cameras are not always enough. You can have good pictures of someone, but if you don't know who it is, it doesn't do you any good. The police department I work for will post pictures online asking for help identifying suspects, but if they are from a distant area it may not do any good."
] | [
"Many types of purchases can be hard to track down. For example, if a criminal orders a bunch of stuff to a random persons porch, and then swipes it, the online store won't know who ordered the package Or a gift card purchase using a stolen card/number: at best you will have a blurry camera picture of a random dud... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is there congestion even when there isn't a traffic accident? | [
"It might what is known as a ghost traffic jam. Imagine you have traffic flowing smoothly, at full road capacity. Now one car makes a sudden lane change, so the car in the other lane has to hit the brakes. That means now the car behind it has to hit the brakes. This cascades backwards, by the time you see it, the a... | [
"They're to stop you when there is an incident up ahead so you don't become part of the incident."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does frontline goop on the back of the neck stop fleas/ticks from eating other pupper parts? | [
"That goop get absorbed into the fatty tissue of the dog. Science happens and the absorbed medicine transfers to other fatty tissue cells. When the fleas bite the pup they get a mouthful of toxins that have been distributed through other cells. Think of it similar to how a paper towel will absorb spills and the liq... | [
"You are getting all the bogeys and ickies and nasties off the lining of your throat so you can use it without the ickies and nasties and bogeys getting in the way."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Animal care:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer about Animal care:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
the sensation (pain) that happens when metal touches your fillings in your teeth? | [
"Electrical shock. You basically made a battery in your mouth with the fillings and metal being an anode and cathode and your saliva acting as battery acid."
] | [
"Nerve endings in your mouth become cold and numb and the heat from your body warming them up causes the pain in your head."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Dentistry:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Dentistry:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do compressed files work? | [
"There are many different kind of compression, but the general idea is to look for ways to re-write the content of the file using less space. One very simple approach is called run-length encoding, and works something like this: Original file: ffffffqqquuuuuuu Compressed file: 6f3q7u (read this as \"6 f's, ... | [
"Why can't you? What type of internet do you have?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
if the government wants to spy on people, why doesn't it just pass another amendment which nullifies the Fourth Amendment? they've done that before with repealing prohibition. | [
"the government isn't one individual, nor is it a lot of individuals with a single goal. There are enough people in congress that wouldn't let it happen, so they choose other means. Also, the american people would probably be more pissed about that. In looking at all their options of how to spy on people, they'll c... | [
"The Constitution is the highest law of the land in the U.S. It can be amended - such as the thirteenth amendment which abolished slavery, for example - but you can't make a law which ignores or contradicts the Constitution without Congress passing a constitutional amendment. You also can't make laws which ignore o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Government and politics:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Government and politics:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why is jumping off a bridge a means of suicide, when I've seen countless videos of people jumping off taller cliffs into rougher waters? | [
"The world record high dive jump is about 200'. Thats with training... the average mortal would probably be risking their health higher than 50'. Most bridges are 200-250' high. you COULD survive it, and some do. but if you dont go in just right, you'll die for sure. edit: maybe not immedietly, but if you break you... | [
"One, athletes absolutely can die from cliff diving, just as suicidal people can survive jumps from bridges. The difference is that those who habitually jump from cliffs are experienced at it, and know the proper actions to reduce the likelihood of injury. In addition, they usually have friends or supporters near b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why doesn't my bike go backwards when I peddle backwards? | [
"It's built into the bikes design, if they didn't do this you wouldn't be able to coast with a bike. Also, when you are pedaling in smaller gears going backwards could cause the chain to come off."
] | [
"The 'emergency brake' has nothing to do with 'emergencies'. It's used to keep the car from rolling when you park on a hill. If you try to use your emergency brake at speed, normally you just burn it out."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do children communicate by shouting? | [
"> I don't have kids but I live in an apartment block with lots of families and I've noticed that young kids (of, say, 5 years and under) communicate with each other by yelling rather than talking You talk louder, everyboy is paying attention to you immediately. You whisper, nobody cares. Kids don't care about what... | [
"Babies don't speak English. Or any language for that matter. What they do have some grasp of, is the tone of your voice."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
In countries without universally accessible healthcare, like the USA, how can a doctor refuse to give life-saving treatment to an individual who cannot afford it without breaking their hypocratic oath? | [
"They don't. Individual doctors will inevitably come to the aid of a bystander. Doctors need supplies and support staff, though, so what's really relevant is how hospitals provide care. By federal law, virtually all hospitals are legally required to provide life-saving treatment regardless of ability to pay. (Once ... | [
"* it is part of medical ethics to provide treatment to all patients in the same way * there is a huge difference between being arrested for and convicted of a crime, and a care provider should not presume someone is guilty * while in custody, the state is responsible for a detainee's well being...compromising that... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
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