query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Why does sad and melodramatic music have a tendency to make some people happy and feel 'better' when they're also feeling down? | [
"Strong emotive music (ones that are sad, angry, happy, etc in nature) help us explore the emotions in greater detail. They give us an external source of this emotion which our conscience can then better rationalise where the feelings are coming from. A study from the University of Queensland looked at metal fans a... | [
"I would say it has to do with strong emotions. When I laugh at something extremely funny, I begin to cry a bit, because I'm on an emotional high. At my father's wedding, I cried because I was immensely happy. At a funeral, some laugh because it seems so surreal to see a family member being lowered into the groun... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
I go to sleep with a pimple, I wake up and it's gone. Where exactly did it go? | [
"Oh it' still there, hiding, waiting, plotting, only to resurface when it's time for that big interview/date/meeting, etc...."
] | [
"You lay a greasy head on them and never really get the chance to wash them. What did you expect would happen?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
When many Asian languages are translated to English, why is there a "literal" translation and the translation? | [
"In English, when you say, \"What's up?\" you're not literally asking what is above the person. You're asking, \"What are you doing?\" or, \"How are you?\" Other languages do things like this too, to varying degrees. NOTE: This is an example of slang, but the same thing happens with non-slang terminology where what... | [
"Today, most people will know two dialects: Mandarin and their local dialect. There are local differences in Mandarin too, but they are subtle, just like comparing UK English to US English. Also, written language is same regardless of dialect, except for subtle differences, just like with UK English to US English. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Language and Translation:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Language and Translation:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
what's happening when one ear suddenly starts ringing, then it soon fades away to become normal again | [
"It's called tinnitus, which is essentially the hairs that cause you to hear becoming bent or broken, and this makes random electrical impulses go to your brain, causing you to hear high pitched noises. It's caused by many things, for more see this _URL_0_"
] | [
"It’s hard to pinpoint in on sounds that are loud enough to create an echo. Things like a smoke detector that beep, leave you clueless because it echos and the sound bounces all over and also it’s short. The beep only goes on for a few moments and then it stops. Sounds that are constant like for example a hissing s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why is desalination not being pushed in places like California? | [
"> It is so frustrating seeing the billions upon billions we spend on weapons and military while we are literally drying out. I don't understand It's called corruption. A very sad fact of life. Yes, it would make total sense to develop and use sea water, which is still a very underused resource. It can be done if... | [
"Because it take a lot of energy to take the salt out of water, and energy is expensive. It can make sense in wealthy places of high population in a desert, like Dubai, for example."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Transportation:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Transportation:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What's wrong with suicide? | [
"For many religious it is a sin, and one that cannot be atoned for. For many it is sign of mental illness as no one in their right mind would consider or attempt suicide. For many it is seen as a selfish thing as you do not consider the harm you do to family and friends."
] | [
"What do you want to know about them exactly?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
what are the contents of a "hot hands" pouch and how do they generate so much heat almost instantly? | [
"They oxidize iron when exposed to air to produce the heat; basically they speed up the rusting of iron which is an exothermic reaction. Powdered iron and salt seem to be the main components along with water to allow the reaction to take place, charcoal to distribute the heat, cellulose as a spacer, etc."
] | [
"Alsk, why does this happen rarely, sometimes not even after I rub my feet on carpet for minutes? What are the variables here, is there a \"trick\" to it?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why dont the eyeballs of animals like snow leopards that thrive at -30 degrees freeze over? Do they just blink every millisecond? | [
"Minerals (salt) in the eyewater - this reduces the freezing point. You can observe this when salt is put on frozen streets. It does not heat up the streets, but reduce the freezing point of the water on it, thus removing the ice."
] | [
"They use less energy because they do not move around or are cold blooded. Or they have a lot of fat stored up. Fat humans can easily survive not eating for a months. Give them vitamins and supplements and they'll be perfectly healthy as well."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does it work getting Wi-Fi on planes? | [
"The primary way is just that the plane has a type of mobile phone service attached to it and talks to cell towers on the ground, think of it as your plane just has a mobile hot spot turned on. Generally this isn't very high bandwidth, and the latency can be high. Newer methods, primarily being developed by a compa... | [
"Because they can't control who connects to your wireless router."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Is feeding swans, seagulls and ducks good or bad for them? | [
"This is a \"that depends\" question. It's GOOD for them if you're feeding them nutritious food and it prevents them from starving. A domesticated swan living in a groomed pond and being regularly fed a balanced diet doesn't care if it's domesticated or not. It has a low-stress life and that's awesome in its mind, ... | [
"The poor little guys are drowning in their worm holes, so they come up for air. Then the birds eat them. It's very bad for the worms, but the birds like it. Since worms are the creators and maintainers of good soil, it is bad from our point of view as well."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do flamingos stand on one leg? | [
"They don't need to pump the blood all the way down those long legs. Since they're very long, you'd need a lot of blood pressure to push the blood down so it flows up again, so they're doing it to save energy."
] | [
"Here are a few ways to tell the two apart: 1. When butterflies land on something, their wings will be up vertically; moth wings will be flat horizontally 2. Butterflies are usually active during the day, while moths are more active at night There are some exceptions to this rule, but for the most part it works"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What is happening exactly when a breaker "throws"? | [
"Basically, there's an electromagnet that, if too much current is running through it, gets strong enough to pull the switch open and shut everything down. You can see a picture [here](_URL_0_); the *solenoid* is the magnet the pulls the switch open."
] | [
"Circuit breaker built into it. If it trips it will turn off, so you press \"reset\" to reset the breaker."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Where goes my sixpack in the evening | [
"> Am I adding fat during the day and loose it during the night? You are dehydrating during the night and rehydrating during the day. Bodybuilders when preparing for their shows will avoid drinking anything so their skin is tighter to their muscles. It is perfectly normal and not really something you should try to ... | [
"So it's easier to reach with either thumb."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
what is pus? how does it form? and why does it hurt until you get it all out from the wound? | [
"It hurts because its causing swelling and heat. When you squeeze it out it releases the pressure on the surrounding tissues."
] | [
"Short answer. Infection. Linger answer. Pimples typically are caused by an infection of the pores. This causes the pores to become inflamed and fill with puss. You don't want to pop it for two reasons. First, before the pimple pops out and it pop in, meaning all that puss and infection can enter the blood stream,... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Health and Medicine:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Health and Medicine:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The ending to American Psycho | [
"It's an open film; you as the viewer are supposed to decide whether Patrick's murder spree was fictional or otherwise. The point either way is that his money-obsessed background and shallow lifestyle gives him no real core values and that manifests as a powerful, barely subdued rage."
] | [
"It's a meme. Google spiderman meme, the show they get it from is the show that the comics inspired."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why does Catalonia want independence from Spain, and what does it stand to gain by becoming independent? | [
"Catalonians seem themselves as culturally different from the rest of most of Spain. They have their own language, customs, etc. Countless Spanish kings, up until the Republican Era, tried to force Castellano (Spain Spanish) on Catalonia, and eliminate its language and culture. In fact during the Franco era, speaki... | [
"We are in uncharted waters, because no country has ever left the EU. It calls into question a lot of possibilities: * Uncertainty around the many non-British EU citizens who until now have been able to live and work in the UK * It may weaken trade and destabilize the British economy, which could have worldwide eff... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does music sound better when you're high? | [
"I'd suggest posting this at /r/askscience to get answers that aren't prejudice, joke or assumption."
] | [
"How do you know you're blinking when they're closed?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Biology:"
} |
Property taxes and how much exemptions can save you. | [
"Property taxes are usually based on the value of the property. In my county (Kitsap County, Washington), it's just about 1% of the property value. If I have a $500,000 house, my tax comes out to about $5000. In some places, you can get exemptions for various things (for example, primary residence is often given an... | [
"How much do they cost vs how much will they generate."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
- Why do we still feel hungry when our bodies are burning fat stores? | [
"Because those are for emergency use only. You are not suppose to survive off them. So you evolved to constantly try and replenish them. And yes, hunger is triggered by the physical fullness of your stomach as well as your blood sugar levels."
] | [
"Because those foods contain vital fats and sugars that humans need to survive. They only become bad for you when you eat too much of them and aren't burning enough calories to offset them."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How are 3D movies filmed? | [
"Most of the time, they have a special camera with two lenses that it records simultaneously (one for the left eye, one for the right). Some films that wanted to add 3D as a gimmick were shot in 2D and then modified in post-production to add 3Ds (where artists modified the original shot to create a left and right e... | [
"If you are referring to Watching a Movie on your TV is all about aspect ratio. \"Aspect ratio\" is the ratio of the width of a rectangle to its height. The ratio of your TV depends on its Size. The Black Boxes are often added so that instead of stretching or cropping the picture and distorting it, they add the bar... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why are desktop CPU's not getting bigger? | [
"> Couldn't the size of the CPU be increased to allow for better multitasking without sacrificing speed Unfortunately, no. The speed at which CPUs operate is so high that the amount of time it takes a signal to travel even a few millimeters has become significant. Larger CPU would mean circuitry on one side would h... | [
"Raw clock cycles don't buy you quite as much in terms of visible performance as it used to. [Check out this chart.](_URL_0_) Basically Intel does a better job of optimizing how the data is used when it's inside the processor. AMD has gone for throwing more raw power at the problem of how to get more performance ou... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
On survive shows like Man vs Wild, Survivorman, etc., why can't the people just eat grass or leaves? It's not poisonous, would provide them with some nutrients, and could save their lives if the situation were real. | [
"Humans can't digest the cellulose in grass to get at the nutrients, so you will get virtually no nutritional value at all. But there is a good chance you may get an upset stomach and vomit, or develop diarrhea. That makes a survival situation much worse because now you are losing fluids and nutrients due to illnes... | [
"A lot of the waste is just vitamins and nutrients that the body already had too much of at the time or just couldn't absorb. Drinking your own urine doesn't have as much of a danger as drinking someone else's. Because it has already been through your body and whatever is outputted already exists and was created by... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:"
} |
Why is it that when people close their eyes, there are faint splotches of different abstract things visible? | [
"They're called phosphenes. Apparently the retina produces them even when at rest and in the absence of light. It's sort of the same way that fireflies can glow; there are cells within our eyes that emit biophotons which are light particles that are produced by our eyes themselves."
] | [
"It’s kind of like the “shadow kiss” when two blurred edges get really close together, the blue from both adds up appearing as solid"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:"
} |
How does a refrigerator generate cold? | [
"1. The compressor squeezes the refrigerant (inside coils and tubing) which is in a vapor state - this raises its temperature, then pushes it into the coils on the outside of the refrigerator. 2. The hot gas in the outside coils cools down to the air temperature of the kitchen. 3. The refrigerant flows into the c... | [
"No. It's not that the AC is a certain temperature. It uses gas expansion to make air colder."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
In developing countries, everyone (including visitors) uses dishes washed with non-potable water and washes their hands/showers in non-potable water with seemingly no ill effects. If they drink it, however, they nearly always get sick. What explains this paradox? | [
"Even in developed countries, tap water will have some pathogens in it. Treated municipal water or even bottled water is not sterile, it's sanitized to a safe level. The goal is to treat the water down to a level where the harmful bacteria, viruses, protozoa, etc are at a concentration where your body's immune syst... | [
"Bacteria are microscopic and reproduce quickly, which is why when a source of water is contaminated it is considered tainted throughout. It is *extremely* likely you will ingest the bacteria, though not 100% but close enough to that number that the chances of you not getting it are statistically insignificant. As ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How can egging a persons house possibly cause $20,000 worth of damages? | [
"It normally doesnt. In the Justin Beiber case the house in question had VERY EXPENSIVE stone. So the eggs ruined the expensive stone. Thats why there was such a high repair cost."
] | [
"Company is not related to the person. I'm a plumber and my business is an LLC. You hire me and I cause $30,000 damage to your plumbing so you sue my company. My company is only worth $15,000, you can't come after me personally for the additional $15,000."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does breathing into a brown paper bag help with hyperventilation | [
"Hyperventilation causes you to blow off too much CO2, which is critical to your body’s respiratory drive. The human body does not measure O2 levels in the blood, but rather CO2 levels in the blood to determine respiratory need and rate. However, we need a certain level of O2 in the blood to survive and for our org... | [
"The drug capsasian speeds up your heart. I assume you are also mouth breathing to control the heat in your mouth. Hyperventilation can make you dizzy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does a single hair resist the flow of water, attach itself to a smooth surface, attract other hairs and eventually clog a drain? | [
"The surface of a drain isn't usually smooth, there are tiny things for the tiny hair to get caught on and then like you said it attracts other hair and it's all down hill from there."
] | [
"It’s called capillary action. It happens when water or another liquid has a surface tension high enough to cling to the sides of a narrow tube or tunnel. The skinnier the tunnel the easier it is for the water’s surface tension to cling, allowing it to cling higher. The tree has millions of these little tubes that ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why is the average human height of today taller than the average human height of the past? | [
"Diet. People need to be eating well during their teenage years to hit the maximum potential height their genes will allow. The modern human eats more than humans in the past. Which is why we are taller, and well, fatter."
] | [
"Based on the surviving statues; no, humans have been pretty consistent in looks for the past few millennia. However people were a lot shorter then than now. For example, during the Napoleonic era, 5'7\"ish was considered the standard height for a grown man. I'm guessing during the Roman times they were even shorte... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why are there sometimes glitches between TV commercials so that I view a fraction of another commercial before a different one kicks in? | [
"Usually from a local channel running their own spot and not syncing the timing quite right"
] | [
"They track both -- live viewing, same day viewing, next day, three day and so on. And yes, higher live ratings are best, but DVR ratings are important too, and some ads can still work with DVRs. Have you noticed that movie ads have the name of th film bannered across the top during the whole ad? That's so the name... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
What's the difference between the functions of the Head of the State and the Head of the Government? | [
"Head of State is often just a formal/ceremonial thing. They don't do the sort of things that a Prime Minister, President etc might do. In the UK, for example, the Queen is the head of state. She does formal/royal things. She doesn't sit in Parliament or set Government policy. The Prime Minister, and her team of mi... | [
"Congress = Parliament Senate = House of Lords House = House of Commons"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How to use bobby pins | [
"For me, I find to pin my hair *up* with bobby pins, I need *a lot* of them to do it. I try to cross them over each other when I can for stability, it does seem to hold them in a lot better... overall, though, I prefer the teensy little claw clips to hold my hair up in a non conspicuous way. It's like a game with... | [
"The hairs act as mini rollers, reducing chafing. Examble B, see the crotch."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does my neighbor's bass go through the wall more noticeably than the rest of his loud music? | [
"Bass waves tends to have a high amplitude and therefore more energy."
] | [
"Because soundproofing works both ways and you want to be able to hear what's going on in the rest of the house."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What does back end and front end mean in terms of web development? What is the difference between them? | [
"The front end is what the user can see and can interact with. For example if you're driving a car, the \"front end\" is the steering wheel, the seats, the pedals, the gear shift etc. The back end is the server that processes the data in the website. If you're driving a car, the \"back end\" is the engine, the whee... | [
"Umm...kinda? Internet of things is the idea of connecting small devices to the internet that normally wouldn't have an internet connection. For example, smart light bulbs are an IoT device. All of these things require some programming which is in the domain of Computer Science. What are you trying to figure out, e... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do Chips Ahoy Chewy stay Chewy? What's the ingredient? | [
"I don't have a definite answer for you, but there was this fun article I found [from 1984](_URL_0_). The author contacted Nabisco and Keebler and their response was that it was \"proprietary information\" and \"elfin magic.\" He suspects that the corn syrup, being a liquid sweetener, could lead to a softer cookie... | [
"The eggs have a higher peanut butter to chocolate ratio. All the holiday themed Reese's snacks do."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
the Big Bang is widely quoted as having a volume of about 120 decibels, but how is that possible if there is no sound in Space? | [
"Whilst I'm not 100% on the information you've provided, there is a distinct difference that must be noted between Sound Being Created and Sound Traveling. Sound must travel through a medium, which fails in a vacuum. The Big Bang would definitely have created Sound, which would have traveled within the elements fir... | [
"The universe being infinite means it has no edge, not that it contains infinite mass. The observable universe is estimated to weigh 10^53 kg with somewhere around be 10^80 atoms, a far cry from infinity Just because the volume is unconstrained does not mean there is mass everywhere. Almost all of space is empty"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The trigger in our brain that switches us from laying awake and the instantly asleep. | [
"How does this work in a fatigue type situation? I remember many times in Iraq when I was working a gate guard shift (15hrs on 9hrs off, 7 days a week) that I would be sitting in a machine gun tower wide awake and alert and then the next instant asleep for what seemed like an hour but was really only 1 or 2 minutes... | [
"My best guess is that, while the TV is on, you can turn off your mind and focus on the pretty colors, allowing your brain to drift into slumber. Once you transition to bed, that vacuum left open by the lack of television gets filled with useless thoughts."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about Sleep and boredom:"
} |
Why is America so quick to take military action to prevent Country A from acceding [part of] Country B, or rebels in a country from overthrowing the existing government, when doing just that was the norm for Western powers, namely Great Britain and America, during the age of Imperialism? | [
"4chan did an excellent example. I know shocker. _URL_0_"
] | [
"North Vietnam by itself, no. The reason the US took such an interest in it, and fought a war costing thousands of lives, was because we were trying to limit the growing influence of communism via the USSR. The Vietnam War was part of the (not so) Cold War, one of many individual proxy wars influenced by the US and... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Politics:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Politics:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
If down syndrome is a neurological disease, then why do the people typically have different facial structures (eyes wide apart, large forehead, wide face) than people without. Furthermore, why is the "stereotypical" down syndrome face almost universal among genders and even different races? | [
"It *isn't* a neurological disease. It's a chromosomal disease that has neurological consequences, but it has plenty of others as well. It disrupts everything dependent on chromosome 21."
] | [
"It implies that your normal expression is slack-jawed with your mouth hanging open, which tends to be associated with low intelligence. Further, breathing primarily through the mouth is a common symptom of Down's Syndrome, and likely other mental and/or developmental disorders."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Medical:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Medical:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Can our brain switch it's perception of colors? | [
"I dont have an answer, but everytime i get a high fever (102 F+) the way I perceive colors gets screwed up. I.E. I see the red digital numbers on my alarm clock as green."
] | [
"No, tricking your brain to invert your vision is different from negating the effect of corrective lenses."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
why do we need to eat both carbs and fats? | [
"Our bodies require some fatty acids for survival and some proteins for survival. We can technically live just fine without any carbs at all, but they are a common source of easy energy. We could technically live on supplements alone if we wanted to, as long as we had a source of calories to go along with it, but t... | [
"You eat too much refined grain and sugar. Eat more vegetables and lean meat and this won't happen."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Tipping Out ( Delivery Driver ) | [
"An amount or percentage of a server's tips that the server shares, either voluntarily or as mandated in a tip sharing or tip pooling agreement, with other employees such as bus boys, bartenders, back waiters and hostesses whose job duties indirectly assist the server."
] | [
"Explained in the original thread. Explanation: _URL_0_ Thread: _URL_1_ Thanks mocmocmoc81"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it legal for businesses to offer discounts to senior citizens or military members, but it's illegal to offer the same discounts to a certain race or nationality? | [
"The Civil Rights Act of 1964 makes it illegal to discriminate based on race or nationality."
] | [
"There are a set of things you cannot legally discriminate for, like race or religion. Some states add additional protected classes on top of the federal ones, like sexual orientation or gender identity. You are legally allowed to discriminate for any reason other than a protected reason."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why do lymph nodes hurt when swollen? | [
"Lymph nodes have a fibrous capsule surrounding them that is innervated with pain fibers. It's kind of like a sack tightly bound around the node. If you get an infection and the node swells rapidly, the capsule is stretched, causing pain. That being said, if the node grows at a slow rate, as in lymphoma or lymph no... | [
"Under stress, glands in your throat such as lymph nodes or epiglottis can become swollen, diagnosed as globus pharyngeus. The exact mechanism is uncertain."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are waiters/waitresses paid below minimum wage in the U.S.? Isn't a tip not a tip anymore when you're essentially paying their living wages and subsidizing the restaurant's payroll? | [
"1. Servers used to be paid normal wages. 2. People gave them tips. 3. Restaurant owners noticed that the servers got roughly as much in tips as they did in wages. They saw a cost-cutting opportunity. 4. Restaurant owners successfully lobbied Congress to put in an exemption to the federal minimum wage law, citing t... | [
"You do. You tip your hairdresser, the vallet, pizza guy, the bellhop, bartender etc. In case you didn't know, food servers are not paid a \"salary,\" they live off of tips. This is a cultural norm and employers don't have to pay them a wage because it's understood that they make their money in tips. Yes, they pay ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How is reading posts/surfing on my cellphone different/better/worse than r adding a book? | [
"Yes. Short articles - and let's be honest, you're mostly talking about reading memes and Facebook junk - do not stimulate the brain in the same way that reading a lengthy article or book on a single subject does. Scattering your attention is much less beneficial. Consider the studies done on young children who wat... | [
"Iirc, the more someone clicks on something, the higher it ends up in search results. And a lot of people search \" < thing > Wikipedia.\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why do we stop '' breathing automatically '' when we are aware of our own breathing? | [
"You kinda answered your own question. When we're not aware of our breathing, the brain controls it automatically, through what's called the autonomic nervous system. This is also responsible for other functions like heartbeat and blinking. We can control all of those to a certain limited extent, but not too much, ... | [
"Pain is your body's way to tell you to stop whatever you're doing. Pain from holding your breath is your body telling you to stop holding your breath."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Psychology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Psychology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are rats the most common lab animal to do studies on? | [
"Something I know about! Actually, mice are more common, but rodents in general are used for a few reasons. They're cheap, small, easy to handle, easy to house and feed (mmm autoclaved pelet food), can be placed with members of their own species, can't really hurt you, and reproduce quickly. Now, non human primat... | [
"Mice and rats can be bred to be susceptible to certain diseases and neurological conditions. However, breeding by itself is often not enough, so researchers will also use artificial means to induce the specific condition that they want to study (like Alzheimer's or schizophrenia). A lot of the time this is accompl... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is the purpose of the silver/metal, platform/plate thing when microwaving a frozen pizza? | [
"There's a bit of a misconception regarding metal in microwaves. Flat metal actually isn't bad in a microwave, because it does essentially the same thing as the walls of the microwave (reflect microwaves evenly). With those pizza trays, the metal reflects microwave directly up against the bottom of the pizza, allow... | [
"Is it possible that the plastic is softening a bit and that's why it's drooping? Also, this is the first I've heard of someone leaving the lid on when microwaving."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is the real basis of the lawsuit from PUBG Corp against Epic Games and what are the potential implications? | [
"That Epic leased the use of their software to PUBG, presumably with an exclusion clause. Saw that pubg was doing well and decided they wanted to make their own game (fortnite). So pubg is suing because they were told epic wouldn't give the rights to their tech to anyone else, and then used it themselves. It would ... | [
"For any number of reasons. The most obvious is that if an equitable agreement can't be reached between the owner and the distributor, the owner won't grant the license. There are also issues of sublicensing rights, WIPO compliance and so on. Did you have something specific in mind?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Could you make water if you had enough Hydrogen and Oxygen? | [
"We could. Burning hydrogen in the presence of oxygen creates water and heat as byproducts. It's a tremendously expensive way to create water though. Since hydrogen is a real pain to store and transport. Shortages of clean water on Earth have everything to do with economics and logistics and very little to do with... | [
"Is actually not that hard to make oxygen. They have a readily available supply of water in the form of what they bring from Earth, plus what they can save from their waste material (and yes that includes feces) and what the ISS can save from the humidity in the air. A bit of this water is then processed through e... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Chemistry:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Chemistry:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why does the strength of my wifi signal change so much when I move my laptop only inches? | [
"Wi-Fi signals travel kind of like sounds do. Sometimes, you can hear something better just by moving your head slightly. This could be because sound is reflecting off a wall, or your ear is more directly in-line with the source. Same idea with wireless: signals bounce, refract, and do all sorts of other stuff. I'v... | [
"The signal from the antenna isn't just a steady stream. It comes in waves, your signal depends on what those waves hit on the way to your phone and back again. Even moving your phone slighty can cause the signal to need going through a brick wall which will weaken the signal. There's alot of things that can cause ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What is a constitutional crisis? | [
"Generally speaking, no constitution is perfect. And, even a great constitution is not self-enforcing---no matter how beautifully written or clear, people still need to abide by it, more or less. When you have a situation that the constitution doesn't appear to cover or where part of the government refuses to abid... | [
"How would the president conduct a hostile takeover without the military? Also a takeover of what?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why does a piece of bread placed in the same container as stale or hard cookies make them soft again? | [
"Staleness is just a lack of moisture. A piece of bread contains just a bit of moisture, which can evaporate and soak into the other items, making them no longer stale. Nothing special about the bread, you can use any slightly damp object that's food-safe."
] | [
"The bag is open so the moisture can get out in case the bread just got out of the oven and is still releasing vapour. You are supposed to close the bag once you have started on eating the bread in order to conserve it well, or put it in a cloth bag or tea towel at home. If your un-started French bread gets stale a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is Amway? Is it a scam? | [
"It's multi-level marketing. Another redditor whose name is lost to the ages made the following astute observation: **The MLM business model depends on convincing customers that they are employees.**"
] | [
"It's not a pyramid scheme. Pyramid Schemes are Multi Level Marketing groups. Wish is a retail aggregate that focuses on low-cost (and possibly copyright infringing) items. Even if Wish offers you an incentive to share the program to others, they never say that you, the random jackass who never posts a product, wil... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What does it mean when a video game company releases the source code for a game | [
"Not quite. If you release a PC game into public domain, it means anyone can play it, download it and sell it. But if you release the source code, it's diferrent. Source code is literally the recipee of the game - you can eat the cake if you don't know the recipee, but if you know the recipee, you can modify the ca... | [
"Generally, they get a bucketload of money from some platform's parent company to release exclusively on that platform for some period of time, then they use that time to develop the versions for the other platforms."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why are disposable batteries more commonly used rather than rechargeable batteries? | [
"They are cheaper, and until recently, much better than disposables."
] | [
"Chemistry is the answer. Electricity from a battery is produced by a chemical reaction. The voltage of a single cell is determined by that chemistry. For instance, standard alkaline batteries produce 1.5v per cell. Nickel cadmium and nickel metal hydride batteries (which are rechargeable) produce 1.2v power cell. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How do water towers work? | [
"I assume you mean the residential towers. Water is pumped into a tower that is higher than the houses it supplies. The force of gravity gives you water pressure when you turn on the tap. The tower ensures even water pressure for the whole community and smooths out the rate the pump has to work to keep the pressure... | [
"Water, fibre, and other things that humans don't digest into energy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What the difference is between Deep-fried and fried | [
"Fried is just cooked in a pan, like you see people do with sausages or bacon. Deep-frying is when you have a pot or other vessel of heated oil, like you see in some food kitchens that do fried chicken or other fried foods (like McDonald's fries). The main differences is more even and consistent cooking with deep-f... | [
"It is most likely number 1. It's like a scaled up and computerized version of \"Guess Who!\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Technology:"
} |
What activity occurs in your body when you get up too fast and have blurred vision | [
"The true name for it is orthostatic hypotension. As previously stated, it is the sudden drop in blood flow to the head/brain until the body realizes it needs to push harder to overcome gravity. Blurry vision happens when it is close to enough pressure. Passing out (or syncope) happens when it takes to long to catc... | [
"Blood pressure levels differ between different people. Those with lower blood pressure are more susceptible to this effect, because what's actually happening is the G forces of the roller coaster are pushing blood toward your feet. If the blood pressure level in your brain dips below a certain point, you'll start ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
What happens when a commercial (radio/tv) randomly gets cut off and another plays? | [
"It's the local station (or cable provider) over-riding the national ad feed scheduled for that slot, and the sloppy overlap shouldn't be something you can see."
] | [
"majority of the broadcasted radio stations have a 5-10 second delay before going over the air so half the time the broadcaster can hit the dump button (delay button) to prevent it from going out over the air waves"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How come Rockstar doesn't release Gta V for PC at the same time they release the console version? | [
"Could be a few reasons. Most likely it's anti-piracy. Though it's possible to pirate games for consoles it's a bit harder, requiring you to mod you console ( or have it modded ). While on your PC it's just download the crack and you're ready to roll. So they figure people will buy the console version because they... | [
"Because at that time, they were the best of their quality and kind. Take GTA San Andreas for example. Back then, the graphics seemed awesome and the mechanics worked great. Now, you see the trailer for GTA V, and then look at GTA San Andreas, SA seems like a bad game. Time passes, and technology gets better"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
What are instances? (Computering) | [
"It is the difference between a recipe for a cake, and the actual cake. Before it gets used, you cake \"exists\" abstractly, as a design and a list of instructions. Once you follow those instructions, you have an instance of a cake. Certain computer programs support a similar design philosophy. You have classes, wh... | [
"[Video: History of the Internet](_URL_1_) [Video: How the Internet Works, in 5 Minutes](_URL_0_)"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Is eating fat really that bad for you? | [
"From what I understand of the ever-changing world of nutrition, no. Fat doesn't make you fat. Eating more calories than you burn in a day makes you fat. Where those calories comes from either doesn't matter, or only matters indirectly. But, fat is very dense in calories, and doesn't contain many (or any) other nu... | [
"Burning meat in no way makes it unhealthy for us to eat. Why do you think that it makes it unhealthy?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
why do wood fires burn so slowly, but house fires with even greater area to cover seem to be rather quick? | [
"The wooden structure itself actually doesn't burn that fast, and if you look at the remains of a structure fire, you'll notice that a lot of the wood is mostly in tact. The fire just weakens it enough for it to collapse, if it does at all. It's the furniture, carpets, etc. that burn so fast. Especially curtains. C... | [
"a closed room on fire becomes devoid of oxygen in a hurry. so when you open a door or window, air rushes into the room and causes the fire to flare up like fanning a flame."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why have we always made robots out of metal instead of other materials? | [
"Metal is durable and easy to shape. Wood really isn't. You could carve wood into a certain shape, but it would take a lot of time and effort and frankly it's easier to just pour molten metal into a mold. Wood is also easier to damage, and it's susceptible to rot. Of course, steel can rust but that's a slower proce... | [
"A long time ago it actually was made of lead. Then we found out how bad that was for us and changed it to graphite."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why do emotionally/ mentally exhausting events or situations tend to leave you feeling physically fatigued as well? | [
"In the most literal sense of the word \"fatigue\" there are four types of fatigue involving skeletal muscles (pretty much any muscle that moves a body part). One of these types of fatigue is called \"central command fatigue\" and it can be described more plainly as \"If your brain tells your body that it is exhaus... | [
"It feels better not to be conscious. It's also physically exhausting to be depressed. People forget that depression has physical symptoms, not just psychological symptoms."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why do politicians agree to be interviewed for Colbert Report clips when he is always going to make fun of them right to their faces? | [
"There is an old saying: any publicity is good publicity. At least people will remember their name! And they might also think \"hey, this person is cool and a good sport.\""
] | [
"They give them lots of money, and treat them with respect when they are not on camera. It's one thing to be the butt of jokes while you're acting; it's entirely another to be the butt of jokes for real, in your daily life."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What does it mean when chemicals are "released" from the brain? | [
"Yes, basically the chemicals, called neurotransmitters, are just sitting in compartments, called vesicles. Your brain is made up of neurons (\"brain cells\"). All your thoughts and feelings come from neurons communicating with each other. One neuron (because it is stimulated by something) will release the neurotr... | [
"The chemicals of life only work well in very specific environments. If a chemical is forced too far outside of the environment it is meant to work in, they can break apart. The main chemical in bleach has the same effect on many of the chemicals of life as extreme heat, causing many of them to break down. This kil... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Is it possible for you to not hear ANYTHING (unless you're deaf)? | [
"Maybe if you are dead or in outer space with no helmet... Sound is all over the place, even in the quietest of places, sound still goes about you and your surroundings. The only reason we sense silence is because our ears aren't powerful enough to be able to hear it. If you cup your ears, you can hear \"the ocean\... | [
"I don't know what you're talking about. You say it if as everyone has this condition. They don't. Maybe you need to see a dentist?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why does a microwave have a popcorn button and the popcorn bag doesn't want me to use it? | [
"The popcorn brand has done extensive testing, popping hundreds of sample bags in a wide variety of types of microwaves. Then they establish a general time setting that works for that specific type. They have no idea how accurate your popcorn button is, but they don't want you to have shitty burnt popcorn and then... | [
"Here are two extra questions: 1.What would happen if you jammed the door catch and started microwaving with the door open? 2. When I microwave olives (delicious), they sometimes spark, does that mean the seeds have metal in them and should I not be doing this without parental supervision?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do I need a prescription to get glasses if I am nearsighted? | [
"> Why can't a doctor just tell me what I need to get That's what a prescription is. It's a written document that outlines in what way your vision is impaired, so that a lens can be cut to compensate for these issues. You can't just buy them off the shelf because different people a range of different problems with... | [
"I don't have glasses but have an indent. Does this mean I will need glasses?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How does hand soap actually work? | [
"Oils and dirt on hands, for the most part, can't dissolve in water. The soap molecule consists of a long chain of carbon atoms that likes to dissolve oils and dirt, and at one end it has a piece that likes to dissolve in water and carries the long, \"hydrophobic\" piece with it, along with any oils and dirt that i... | [
"Does natural lighting, in fact, make it easier to concentrate?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How is non-alcoholic beer made? | [
"First they make regular beer. Then they either evaporate the alcohol away (using heat and low air pressure), or filter it away (using a super-fine filter technique called *reverse osmosis*)."
] | [
"Hard drinks have alcohol, soft drinks don't. To be considered a soft drink the alcohol content must be less than half of a percent of the volume."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why don't shipping companies use the GPS already inside their trucks to give estimates on their tracking websites? | [
"Some of them do. Here in the UK (and the rest of Europe, I believe) DPD and a few other couriers do it. Quite early in the morning, if I'm expecting a DPD delivery, I'll get a text message that says something along the lines of \"Your consignment will be delivered between 12:51 and 13:51^*, by our driver Dave**\".... | [
"Your GPS does not. The maps app does. How? Because countless other people are using the app and apple is using data from their travel to determine traffic conditions in real time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
We can focus on different objects in our field of vision by changing the shape of our irises...how does this work when we focus on different sounds? | [
"The iris just controls how much light enters our eyes, and it's done automatically - we can't control it. Focusing on different objects is done by changing the shape of the lens at the front of the eye. Focusing on sounds is entirely mental. Unlike vision, we actually hear all sounds at the same time - there's no... | [
"The muscle in your eye that controls focus has to use energy to keep you focused on something close, so when you are not actively looking at something the muscle will relax and focus way off in the distance. The double image is because you have 2 eyes and they see the world from 2 slightly different perspectives.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do some websites list an MD5-Hash alongside download files when a hacker could simply change this value too? | [
"It's not just to protect against hackers. I once had a bit of a flakey internet connection and was trying to download a largish (@200MB, large for its time) file. Every time I downloaded it, it had a different md5sum, indicating the file was getting blorked during the download (or maybe my network card was just fl... | [
"From the story it self: > The speeds apply to so-called offline cracks, in which password lists are retrieved by hackers who exploit vulnerabilities on website or network servers. They aren't trying to directly login with the password for each guess. They are decrypting the password file they already obtained thr... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
If I have absolute proof that a man commited a crime, but I aquired it illegally and it is inadmissable in court. Does the criminal go free? | [
"If the evidence cannot be presented in trial then the criminal would go free. That's why cops are taught to be meticulous in their evidence gathering. One slip up or mistake can cause a case to be thrown out. It's a good thing and bad thing because it does hold law enforcement to some accountability but it also me... | [
"if you were knowingly lying under oath then yes you would most likely be charged with perjury regardless of whether the defendant was found guilty or not. The defendant being found guilty does not neccisarily have bering on whether you would be charged with perjury or not, it is all if you are lying under oath or ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why is it usually advised that you wait 10-15 seconds before plugging something back in? What happens in those 10-15 seconds? | [
"Ensures all the components are powered down fully and no excess charge remains in the cable essentially."
] | [
"The best way to do this is by breaking the time you're asking about into chunks that are easy to think about. 8:15am to 3:00pm? How much time between 8:15 and 9:00? Forty-five minutes. How much time between 9:00 and noon? Three hours. How much time between noon and 3:00? Three more hours. Put them all together: si... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why do clothes sizes; XS, S, M, L, all cost the same and larger sizes cost more? How come they don't make each sizes different prices? | [
"Clothing prices are not based on material cost in any significant manner. Smaller clothes take the same amount of work to make, about the same amount of money to ship, and the employees at the store are getting paid the same whether they sell big clothes or small clothes."
] | [
"Probably to make women's feet sound smaller and daintier, but maybe because he adage about big feet means men feel better if their shoe size is in the double digits. Clothing wise... Psht. Women's clothing sizes are a mess! I can wear a 10 in one brand of jeans and need an 18 in another. We'd have to sort all that... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
From what I heard, Yoko Ono is responsible for the break up of The Beatles. Please elaborate. | [
"You know how glass can fracture, but still kind of stay in place until someone touches it? Yoko Ono can be seen as that touch. But really, she was an easy scapegoat that allowed the Beatles to break-up without it being the fault of any one Beatle."
] | [
"Someone told them what the answer is supposed to be."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about Technology:"
} |
Why don't the migrants from places Syria, Iraq and other war torn countries go to stable Middle Eastern nations, specifically the Gulf countries instead of Europe? | [
"Most refugees do go to other Middle Eastern countries. For example, out of the 4 million Syrian refugees, over 90% have gone to Turkey, Lebanon, and Jordan [source](_URL_0_). And Iraqi refugees have mostly gone into neighboring countries like Lebanon, Syria (until recently), and Jordan [source](_URL_1_)."
] | [
"Under the European Constitution, anyone has to help refugees from anywhere who arrive in your nation, regardless of how foreign they look or sound. Saudi Arabia is also obligated by human decency to act, but that in no way lessens all of our obligations to help. No matter where refugees flee to, they are to be giv... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why don't celebrities, companies, etc. give Wikipedia free high quality photos to put on their site? | [
"If they start accepting most likely photoshopped pics, they could start accepting edits to the details of their life. Pretty soon the article will be too biased."
] | [
"All shows can use real brand names, but they just don't want to give out the free advertising."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How & what is actually happening as the fruit transitions from being raw to being ripe? | [
"I ain’t no scientist but here is my two cents... Fruit is designed to ferment (rot) as part of its ability to seed. When fruit falls from a tree (or is picked) the fruit starts to ferment which releases natural sugars making it sweet and juicy - eventually you’ll see the pips, seeds or stones becoming easier to re... | [
"That's what the edible part of an apple is for. Nutrition for the seed so it can grow into a tree. It usually doesn't happen till the apple starts rotting or is on the ground."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
What is causing this, "screechy" sound when I have my earbuds plugged into my laptop, even though there is nothing being played? | [
"Most likely it's internal crosstalk generated by other internal components in the laptop getting into the on-board sound curcuit. Basically it's very difficult to completely isolate the internal sound that's built into a motherboard due to the fact that every other component is drawing power from the same source a... | [
"If they're using speaker mode, both the mic and the sound from the other person are coming from the bottom of the phone. If it's not in speaker mode, either they're trying to speak directly into the mic so the other person can hear, or they're just weird."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
I have always had a lunch box that I have taken to school and work. Why do people make fun of people with lunch boxes? | [
"A friend once volunteered that it seemed, to him, faintly pathetic for an adult to go to the effort of making a lunch, packing it into a box, and taking it to work to unpack and eat there, rather than buying something at the time. To me, it seems fairly pointless to waste your money on something you can easily mak... | [
"I eat the same lunch every day during work and don't ever think it tastes disgusting. How do you get tired of having a quality sandwich?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why do countries donate foreign aid as a part of their budget? | [
"Because you want foreign countries to be friendly, and amenable to your agenda. So, for example, when a company in your country is trying to get, say, mining or drilling rights that will bring a lot of money in to your country, it might help them to remember your country as the one that paved a lot of roads or don... | [
"The funding comes from the budgets that are already set for your military budgets and are gathered by your taxes. This is why you have a military. Why do so many in the UK think this will be some unfunded thing? Do they not teach how taxes and government budgets work in the UK?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about International relations:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about International relations:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do farms wash and sterilize glass milk bottles before reusing them? | [
"Hot water. The same way most places do it."
] | [
"Mold, or spores must exist in the bottle in the first place for mold to grow. Bottled water is packaged in sterile bottles, with sterilized water so there are no mold/bacteria living to reproduce. Your refillable bottle likely isn't re-sterilized between uses and is probably filled with municipal water that isn't ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do MRI machines work? | [
"Basically, the MRI machine generates a really STRONG magnetic field. This causes all of the Hydrogen atoms in the water molecules in your body to line up with the magnetic field. When these hydrogen molecules are pinged with the right frequency radio, they resonate (like a note on a guitar causes the body to reson... | [
"Are you asking how a wheel works ?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why does al-Qaida kill people in their own countries? | [
"They believe the only valid government would be inside a pan-islamic state, so they are fundamentally opposed to the national borders they operate inside. Also, they are often not inside their own countries, it is a very international movement. Additionally they follow the ideas of modern Islamism which state that... | [
"They're still around and raising hell in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Yemen, and especially Syria. But their new leader, al-Zawahiri, has shifted their priorities from random and spectacular attacks against the West to fighting local foes in the Middle East and capturing territory. Very much unlike Osama, he wants AQ te... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is going to the DMV always such a clusterfuck? | [
"They don't have enough staff, the staff they do have works slow and it's a government agency so they have no incentive to work faster or harder because they'd have to rape a baby in front of the President to lose their job."
] | [
"IF YOU JUST GOT HERE - Do yourself a favor and just leave. This comment section is a wasteland."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does the content I actually want to watch constantly buffer but the ads play perfectly? | [
"I'm not an expert, but I always figured that the video ads where essentially queued up, like ready to go regardless of what video you chose the and was prepared to play before you clicked it"
] | [
"YouTube is not a charity, they exist to show you ads, that's their only reason. They cannot show ads if you just play sound. Now, they could play audio ads then, but you would not like that, would you? However, sites that let you download YouTube videos usually have the option of getting just the soundtrack. I wou... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Nutrition/eating healthily. | [
"As others have mentioned, this topic is so wide-ranging and has so many differing opinions that it's difficult to really give a good answer. I think the biggest rule of thumb is to try to eat food that closest resembles what you would find in nature. Some other tips: - Stick to the outside aisles of the grocery s... | [
"Because you still need calories and significant amounts of protein, neither of which will fit into a couple of pills. You're looking for these. _URL_0_ _URL_1_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why do I wake up from a nap sweaty and hot but when I sleep at night I wake up normally? | [
"There are about a thousand different reasons why someone might sweat while they are asleep. i.e. the answer is going to vary from person to person."
] | [
"It tends to regulate your body temperature. I always sleep with my window open and fan on every day of the year. I use sheets in the summer, comforter in spring and fall, and comforter with a possible added blanket on top for winter. If my body gets too hot the release of heat from my head, being in cold air can t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Sleep and fatigue:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Sleep and fatigue:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Science:"
} |
If a person spent their life at sea, would they get something equivalent to sea sickness if they walked on land? | [
"It's called *sea legs*. It's a well-known phenomenon among sailors. It can happen even after just a few hours at sea on a small boat. [_URL_0_](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"It's called having your sea legs, but it has to do with your inner ear adjusting your balance to the roll of the waves in comparison to the relative calm of the horizon. It takes a while to get your sea legs, as the adjustments aren't instant, and it takes a while to lose them."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator | [
"Basically, the MBTI is a self filled out questionnaire that aims to explain personality by using types, which are made up of functions. MBTI theorises that everyone is born with a certain type which they develop as they mature and experience the world. Types are determined by what your main functions are. There ... | [
"This should help explain it Your Brain On Coffee: _URL_0_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What exactly happens when i feel my heart beating in random parts of my body? | [
"You're not feeling your heart, you're feeling your blood pumping (admittedly, pumped by your heart). I'm guessing that this generally happens to you most at night, or other really quiet/calm parts of the day? In those cases, it's likely you just feel/hear it because it's quiet and your brain isn't doing a whole lo... | [
"Well, that’s not normal. I’ve asked a few people and that doesn’t happen to them either. Are you feeling well? Any sudden headaches? Strange aches in areas of your body?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do all sci-fi space helmets now have ambient lights on the inside? | [
"It's most likely just for cinematography's sake, it keeps the actors/actresses photogenic and easy to visually identify. It would unlikely ever be practical for the same reasons driving with your interior lights on is not practical."
] | [
"Some other very intelligent people and I stared at one of these fuckers in Best Buy for a good five minutes before figuring out that it wasn't magic. There's a fan in the base. The rest just shapes the airflow. It comes out of this nearly invisible ring-shaped hole that goes all the way around the big round part."... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How computers store information, even when they're off | [
"There are two types of memory, firstly volatile such as RAM which is consumed while the machine is on and needs power to keep it running. Second is non-volatile and will not be lost on powering off, such as hard drives and SSD memory. Hard drives store the states in charge, i.e. Positive or negative charge for 1 ... | [
"I know computers have some sort of clock that never stops (even when it's turned off). I suppose it works the same in other electronics."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Computer Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Computer Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why should I never put sharp knives in the dishwasher? | [
"The edges of sharp knives are very thin. Any banging on other things in the dishwasher will damage them. Steel, no matter how \"stainless,\" will corrode if exposed to high heat, high humidity, and harsh chemicals, all of which exist inside your dishwasher. Better knives are made of steel which is less resistant t... | [
"Laundry detergent for front-load (HE) washers is designed not to foam so much. If you put regular detergent in a front-load machine you'll have a mess on your hands. Same reason you can't use dish soap in a dishwasher. You can use HE detergent in top-load machines, but it's more expensive usually."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
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