query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
I thought vegetables were healthy. Why are they so low in calories and vitamins? | [
"You need at least some Vitamin A and Vitamin C, and you won't get it without some vegetables. That aside, it is precisely because they have almost no calories that they're healthy. The biggest food risk for 1st worlders is overeating calories."
] | [
"Post the nutritional facts and the quantity you are eating if you want a real answer. But you are likely consuming too much sodium and carbohydrates while not getting all of the vitamins and minerals your body needs."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
What causes Paris syndrome and why does it only occur in Japanese people? | [
"It's not *only* in Japanese people, but they are more susceptible because their media have created such an overhyped, unrealistic expectation -- and because it's a long and exhausing trip to an extremely foreign/exotic place. _URL_0_ Even so, it's very rare, affecting 1 in 300,000 Japanese visitors to Paris."
] | [
"There are about a thousand different reasons why someone might sweat while they are asleep. i.e. the answer is going to vary from person to person."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Sleep and fatigue:"
} |
Why do some merchants put a minimum on credit card transactions? | [
"Credit card companies charge a transaction fee (around 15 cents per charge) as well as a discount rate (around 2% of the total transaction cost). The larger the charge the less that transaction fee matters, but for very cheap charges it has a significant effect on the cost of the transaction. This is especially tr... | [
"Both ways you process it, it is a debit transaction. Credit transactions costs the store a little more and takes longer to hit your checking account. When you charge credit, your debit card goes through the credit card network and when you charge debit it goes directly through your bank. Also, choosing debit at so... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How do Quick-Release latches work? | [
"A quick release latch makes use of the fact that perpendicular forces don't sum. Imagine you're standing on a stick. Your mass, plus the stick's, is supported on the round base. If I want to knock you over, I don't have to move all of your mass, I just need to knock you out of alignment with the base, using a smal... | [
"Batteries and yes they need to be replaced from time to time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
When someone dies of “natural causes” what does that mean and how does that happen? | [
"\"Natural causes\" is a catch all term for when somebody died from the natural progression of some sort of illness or medical event. Things like hypertension leading to stroke, or cardiovascular disease causing heart attack, dying from end stage renal disease, or finally succumbing to cancer. This is in contrast t... | [
"\"Dying of old age\" happens because the aging process causes such a negative effect on your various internal organs that eventually they fail to work properly anymore. So it can be your brain, your heart, your lungs, your kidneys, etc. and the actual cause of death may or may not be known (depending on how much m... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do you get the feeling you need to puke when you stick your finger deep in your mouth, even though your finger isn't touching anything? | [
"This is the gag reflex, a.k.a. the \"pharyngeal reflex\": it's actually the throat closing to prevent something too large from going down and causing a blockage, but sometimes it may also make you want to vomit. You almost certainly are touching something, though. It might be the back of the tongue or the roof of ... | [
"If it's far enough in there and they can't use their hands, it really would be stuck in there, and they have to use their nose to breathe. If you really want to, try shove a rag in your mouth and try to get it out with only using your mouth."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How does trickle down economics work? | [
"Simple answer, it doesn't. In theory however, if the rich people get more rich they will spend their money on their employees."
] | [
"I think a better question for this topic might be what is national debt and how does it translate into a monetary amount."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How airplane jet engines work | [
"the absolute simplest way to describe it is by saying they suck air in the front, add fuel and burn it to raise the temperature of the air, and therefore the pressure, and squirt it out the back to make thrust."
] | [
"There are different types of airplanes that take off slightly different. Large commercial jet liners use jet engines to gain a fast enough speed that flaps on the wings catch enough air to lift them into the sky. Most planes use a similar process. Each plane has a certain high enough speed needed for lift depend... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
- How can ebay legally charge the seller a percentage of their postage fee!?? | [
"It's backlash against the sellers who list an $20 item for $1 with $25 in \"shipping fees\" to avoid paying eBay a cut. It's legal because eBay owns Paypal, and since most payments are made through paypal they're not required to separate shipping from sales, they can just take a cut of all of it."
] | [
"For the card holder it means nothing. The business gets charged a little more if it's credit I believe .05%."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Does staying up late causes acne? Why or why not? | [
"No staying up late does not cause acne. Acne is caused by a combination of many factors including but not limited to, facial bacteria, clogged pores, genetic predisposition, facial cleanliness, and facial oiliness. Staying up late is not one of those factors."
] | [
"Question 1: Do you have a cat? Question 2: Do you floss? That might help. Question 3: Do you sleep with your mouth open? This can dry out your mouth which leads to bad breath."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Health:"
} |
Why do things feel wet through latex, even though your skin stays dry? | [
"When you feel \"wet\" what you are actually feeling is a very localized change in temperature. This is transmitted through gloves/latex. Touch a cold water pipe with water running through it and you'll think the pipe is leaking."
] | [
"You can also get an uncomfortable feeling because that part of your skin hasn't touched anything in a while. The nail protected it from touching and pressure."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are scientists still debate on time travel, if it was possible wouldn't we already have had time travelers? | [
"Maybe they think that if they give up now, that would be the reason why we don't have any time traveler yet."
] | [
"since we don't know how to space travel, if alien finds us, they've mastered space travel, therefore are more advanced than us."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are there so many forms of writing "god damn it"? | [
"In my experience there is no difference in meaning. Any form of \"dammit\" is used to avoid actually writing the word \"damn\"."
] | [
"Following up: Would there have been a distinction between the obscene language the OP mentioned (e.g. \"fuck\") and actual profane language like \"God damn it\"? Which would have been considered worse?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why do cities destroy old football stadiums and not keep them whenever there’s a new football stadium? | [
"Older stadiums are expensive to maintain and if the major sports team isn’t going to be playing there anymore they often can’t find enough business to support the older stadium when all he demand will be for the newer one."
] | [
"Do you enjoy having those arenas in your town? How about the waves of tourists and fans that come in town to see the stadium and catch a game? How about the benefits to local businesses? Stadiums are expensive but reasonably good investments. Also the tickets don't go to the city... they go to the teams. You're pa... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do ellipsis come in threes? | [
"The various groups of . are all related. One . is a period, thus meaning stop. Two .. indicates a finite range. Eg. 1..5 Three ... (ie an ellipsis) indicates an undefined range."
] | [
"I like to imagine their entire language is two characters. Exclamation points! And question marks?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Are testosterone levels related to muscle growth and if yes how? | [
"Not a biochemist, so take with liberal application of salt... IIRC muscle growth is dictated more by things like HGH (Human Growth Hormone) than testosterone. IIRC post-menopausal women also have similar testosterone levels to men."
] | [
"Men have 7-8 times more testosterone in their body than women do. Testosterone causes, among other things, more muscle mass and hair growth."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why does Google use so much money on the "I'm feeling lucky" button? | [
"I think you mean that they lose money on the button. Using the button avoids ads which is a key source of income."
] | [
"Yahoo will pay companies to get you to change your search engine to Yahoo. So it's another way to make money, along with showing you ads or stealing your credit card."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do emotions get linked to colors? | [
"Speaking from a knowledge of poetry, I would say much of it has to do with similarities between an emotion and certain physical phenomena. So you might say that the wrath of Achilles was red. What else is red? The flames of a burning a burning building, the blood on a battlefield, the flushed cheeks of an angry pe... | [
"Smell is processed by the same part of your brain that deals with memory and emotions. So the three are linked from birth."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
College Football Realignment | [
"Let's say you have a group of friends that are models. You have been with them for a while and you all receive a pot of money for the modeling you do. Joe gets most of that money because he is the most popular member of your group. You have been ok with this for a while even though you know there are other groups ... | [
"Next Week's Theme: 'Royalty, Nobility, and the Exercise of Power' To be followed by: \"Eastern Europe\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why does cold water taste so much better? | [
"Water has a lot of things in it which aren't terribly nice - chlorine, chiefly, but lots of other stuff too. When it's cold, you can barely taste (or smell, which is closely related) them. It's rather like why cheap beer is tolerable cold, but only decent beer is drinkable when served at cellar temperature without... | [
"We can? It tastes like water. Go to your kitchen, pour yourself a glass of water, and give it a go. Granted it is a fairly neutral taste, it isn't *not* a taste, though."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:"
} |
How are you not able to read things from the corner of your eye? | [
"Your eye is a fairly complex organ and its sensitivity of things in view depends on how you are looking at it. In the center of your retina, you have the most receptors and as such, you get a high quality image, but it very quickly levels off very quickly. As you go further out from the retina, the receptor densit... | [
"Think you're about to piss off a bunch of color blind people if they're able to read your question."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do we often have to buy items from retail stores, instead of the manufacturer's directly? (at cost, so it would be cheaper) | [
"Because of the convenience of having a great variety of products all condensed into one location. And nowadays, it would be a logistical nightmare for the manufacturer to deliver the items, or for the customer to pick up different items from different manufacturers."
] | [
"* It costs a company more to operate a retail store than an online store, they'd rather you buy things online. * Some people are willing to pay more in order to have an item immediately rather than wait for shipping. * Not everyone will do the research to see if there is a cheaper price online, so will just pay th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why do adjacent quad copter blades spin the the opposite direction? | [
"It balances out the torque of the blades Pretend you have one blade. When the blade spins it's going to try and spin the copter in the opposite direction. Helicopters generally avoid this by having a tail rotor that counteracts that effect. If you have two blades spinning in opposite directions then the torques... | [
"Fans have a rotational symmetry, but have no symmetry in the direction of airflow. They propel air one direction only, toward the direction that the leading edge of fan blades point toward. Of course, you can reverse the airflow by simply reversing the fan rotation. However, many fans aren't symmetrical in this se... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why are black oil sunflower seeds not safe for human consumption? | [
"Where did you hear this? Black oil sunflower seeds are used mostly for bird seed or making sunflower oil which is then fed to people or used for cooking."
] | [
"Scurvy is caused by a lack of vitamin C. Vitamin C can be found in peppers, turnip greens, cabbage, broccoli, tomatoes, peas, and other foods. A lot of those would be available to the lower classes at least some of the time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
why is it beneficial for companies to sell a movie with both a blu-ray and DVD copy? | [
"Because it costs trivially more to include both in the box. You don't have to make two separate versions of the packaging and maintain two different inventory items. They will save more money on that than they will lose from the bundling."
] | [
"Because they don't have the licensing rights to movie. Renting out a dvd just means they had to buy a copy of the film, not the distribution rights for the film."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
why the commercials are so much gosh darn fudging louder than the show I am watching | [
"I am not positive, but I believe the FCC requires the average volume of the commercial to be no louder than the loudest part of the show."
] | [
"it will roughly sound like: \"and then i stumbled and the bread fell out of my hands into a puddle. she was soaking wet and i had to throw him away.\" but normally you will be understandable. germans are used to foreigners confusing pronouns"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does American surname laws work with regards for other cultures? | [
"America does not really have Surname Laws. Your child is whatever name you put on the birth certificate."
] | [
"Laws vary hugely by country. What country are you asking about?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why has there not been a class action against an ISP for average internet speeds below the advertised and payed for amount? | [
"There's a fundamental flaw in your case: *you pay for service* ***up too*** *that amount*. If its less its ok, no breech of contract. Believe, if there was a winning case the lawyers would be out cutting themselves a couple quick million out of Comcast."
] | [
"Technically they never cut you off. Therefore it is unlimited. \"4G speed\" is also not a strict definition. There is no definition saying \"4G is defined as being over X bytes per second and anything less is not.\" They cannot, even if they wanted to, grantee that you will get a certain speed. That's why they can... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Internet speed and service:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Internet speed and service:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Torque vectoring, how its regulated, and its uses. | [
"_URL_1_ _URL_0_ These are the two best sources I can give. It's basically an advanced system for traction control. It's used to limit wheel slip and keep you moving along in adverse traction conditions. It also helps with cornering by putting more torque to the inside tire/s. The video gives you a good description... | [
"Expense of a CVT drive combined with the weight and cost of maintenance. Modern large vessels already have variable pitch props, which fill the same role in a way."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is the difference between a leftist and a liberal? | [
"I think it changes somewhat based on where you are. Leftist generally refers to someone who's somewhere on the left of the political spectrum and covers everything from the centre left to communism. It may or may not be used as in insult. A liberal, where I'm from, is someone on the centre left and, generally, sup... | [
"In the real world why would anyone want to be a politician?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How the heck does Google search the ENTIRE INTERNET in less than .5 seconds? | [
"They don't search the entire Internet when you Google something. Google has search engine bots that crawl the Internet and index it, so they only have to search that index, which is much faster. They also have some crazy complex optimization going on under the hood, which effectively allows the system to guess at ... | [
"For the love of all that is good and pure, do a search before posting. This has been asked 4000 times in the last day."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why is the drug war bad? and what are some viable alternatives to the "drug war"? | [
"The \"drug war\" has the same problem as the \"war on terror.\" People are fighting things, not people. The \"drug war\" has no soldiers, no enemy army, and no capital we can invade, so it's a fight that will continue forever and never be won or lost. The only viable alternative is to let people make their own da... | [
"Drug use/addicition has remained constant despite drug war funding skyrocketing _URL_0_ We've accomplished nothing with drug prohibition other than to create multi-billion dollar criminal organizations. I'd call that a failure."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why is Internet Explorer the worst browser to use? | [
"Imagine that I got you a lot of new lego boxes that you could use for building soooo many cool things. Now imagine that for everything you want to make you also have to build it in wooden blocks first so that your brother can play with it. If you can't build it in wooden blocks then your not allowed to build it si... | [
"Safari comes standard on Macs. IE comes standard on PCs. Choose Mozilla Firefox if you want customization Choose Chrome if you want speed IE and Safari should never be your default browsers."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:"
} |
What does the sentence "check your privileges" mean? | [
"It means that the person you are speaking with has a particular ideological framework that they see the world through, usually learned from post-modernist professors at college. \"check\" can mean to hold something back. When someone says \"check your privilege\" they mean for you to acknowledge the ways that you ... | [
"Can you explain the question like I’m five?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The 3 Branches of US Government | [
"The way it was supposed to be: * Legislative - make laws. keep executive power in check. * Executive - Defend country, execute laws made by congress * Judicial - Ensure laws do not conflict with constitution. the way it is: * Legislative - take laws made by corporate lobby and pass them through the legislative pro... | [
"Next Week's Theme: 'Royalty, Nobility, and the Exercise of Power' To be followed by: \"Eastern Europe\""
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How do batteries recharge? | [
"Batteries are a chemical process. They use a chemical reaction that requires electrons at one place, and produces electrons at another. The two places are kept separate, and the positive terminal is at the place where electrons are required, and the negative terminal where electrons are released. All of these proc... | [
"Batteries and yes they need to be replaced from time to time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do I wake up exhausted, yet unable to go back to sleep? | [
"This question might be better answered by a trained physician."
] | [
"You only choose to take a nap during the day if you're already tired. But you always go to bed at night, even when you aren't tired."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Sleep and fatigue:",
"pos": "Represent the post about Sleep and fatigue:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why does Black Friday still happen every year if its shrouded in violence and chaos? | [
"News programs like to overhype this kind of thing. For the vast majority of places, it's not really shrouded in violence and chaos - it's just lots of people and long lines. There's sometimes violence and chaos at football games, too, but they still happen every year."
] | [
"The sad truth is that almost every company is at least partially dishonest or morally sketchy on some level. Every company has skeletons in their closet they would rather not have revealed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why would a "Retina HD" display be better than a "Retina" display? | [
"It would be better because it has HD in the name. But a non cynical answer would be that you would exceed that point where the human eye can't discern a difference, making all distances appear better, not just that certain distance you mention."
] | [
"Smaller pixels than what? We do have small pixels, and they get smaller depending on the device. Look at the iPad 2 versus the \"new\" iPad (3rd or 4th generation). Both have the same sized screen, but the new iPad has 4 times as many pixels per inch."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
If you need a program to write a program how was first program made? | [
"Quick answer: The first computers were actually programmed directly in binary, by writing zeros and ones with switches."
] | [
"In order to make an OS from scratch, you need to program directly on the processor. Once powered up and the clock frequency has stabilized there will be an instruction pointer set to a predefined start position The CPU then executes the instruction that the instruction pointer is pointing to and auto increments th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why is the heart associated with emotions like love, when really those feeling happen in the brain? | [
"So when your brain feels a certain way, your body takes some effect, too. It just happens that our chest is the most noticeable. When deeply in love, it thumps harder, faster. When heartbroken, it feels hollow. When in severe lack of affection, it feels dull. But the precedents of this expression dates from ~1580.... | [
"Everything you feel is just your brains interpretation of the signals the body is sending it. The brain is still capable of interpreting feeling even if no singles are actually coming to it. So yes in theory your brain can make you feel anything, although how to make that happen is beyond our understanding at this... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How almond milk is made | [
"Grind the almonds to a paste, add a little water, and soak for a while. Then strain out the solid bits with a cheesecloth. Behold, Almond Milk."
] | [
"It is made from ingredients that have high sugar content. If a cream of Chicken Soup it is likely the kind of onion used, and carrots."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How are digital scales able to determine how much fat, muscles and water you have in your body - just from standing on them and giving them info about your height? | [
"Some scales have metal pads that you stand on. It will run electricity through your body and by measuring the resistance, it can calculate the thing you have mention. However, this is at best an approximation."
] | [
"> Does it have to do with my height/weight? You got it, well actually it normally is based on weight and age. It has everything to do with height and weight. These apps that tack calories do not really have any idea how many calories you are actually burning, they just guess based on the stress of the exorcise, th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is eating meat devastating for the environment? | [
"It's not so much eating meat that's a problem. It's eating huge quantities that are raised the way we raise them. We feed cattle tremendous quantities of grain, when their natural diet is mostly grasses. That means huge amounts of energy go into growing and harvesting and transporting that grain. We confine them t... | [
"People go vegan or vegetarian for lots of different reasons. Some common ones are: 1) Health: Though a vegan/vegetarian diet certainly can be as unhealthy as any other, animal products are often higher in calories and fats, and lower in vitamins and minerals, than plant foods. Of course, potato chips are vegetaria... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How can carshows like roadkill build vehicles with literally no exhausts while at the same time brands like Volkswagen are being sued over air pollution because of their cars? | [
"Volkswagen isn't being sued over the pollution that the cars are putting out, they're being sued because they altered their emissions standards testing to report that the vehicles they produce are more efficient and create fewer carbon emissions. It's a case of false advertising and a \"defective\" product. Vinta... | [
"Because the GM issue was because of stupidity. They never made the engineering connection of \"hey if the car shuts off randomly the airbag doesn't work, what if someone hits some thing?\". Where as VW knowingly and intentionally cheated the system to look like they were meeting emissions compliance."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is chocolate poisonous to dogs, but not humans? | [
"Chocolate contains theobromine. It is toxic to almost all animals on earth (including humans), dogs are just more susceptible."
] | [
"Just because something is made from vegetables doesn't automatically make it healthy. Heroin is made from vegetables."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why are women's skins much softer than men's? | [
"Your fascia and connective tissue is made up of collagen and elastin (among other things). Everyones composition is different, but typically men have more collagen and woman have more elastin. Collagen is a tuff fibrous tissue and elastin is soft and elastic. Of course some men have more elastin, and versa vice. B... | [
"The skin on the palm side of your hand is much different than the skin on the other side. It's much tougher and thicker, as well as having less melanin, which is what gives your skin color. Everyone has less melanin on their palms, it's just much easier to see a difference on people with darker skin."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why can't leaded engines use unleaded petrol? | [
"Neither of those is correct. The leaded gasoline vapor can be compressed more than unleaded without spontaneously exploding due to the temperature increase. The compression ratio is determined by engine geometry, so an engine designed for leaded gas will compress unleaded gas to the point where it spontaneously ig... | [
"Why do some parts of the world call gasoline petrol?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How theorems such as differentiation/Integration were discovered. | [
"Here you go. _URL_0_ The documentary even shows the exact point in Leibniz notes where the integral sign is introduced for the first time in history, I actually might re-watch it now."
] | [
"Derivative and integral are inverses; that means that the derivative of an integral is the original function. Why do you think that couldn't be true?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why is my right arm stronger than my left, even though I work both out equally? | [
"A lot of strength gains you make while lifting weights is due to central nervous system adaptions. Your brain learns how to use your muscles more efficiently. It's pretty common that these adaptions are made more quickly in the dominant arm."
] | [
"Anyone can train themselves to use their opposite hand, it's just difficult and time-consuming. It's called being ambidextrous. Let's say you're a southpaw. Think of how much you rely on your left hand for. It leads your other hand in everything you do. Writing, throwing, lifting, drawing, etc. Your off hand is so... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage about science:"
} |
Why do we need to put batteries in opposite directions in TV remotes and such? | [
"AA and AAA Batteries are 1.5V each, and the circuit in the remote needs 3V. So the batteries need to be in series, end to end, to provide the 3V. Having them in opposite directions makes that simpler: at the far end, the + pole of one is simply connected to the - of the other."
] | [
"It is just a difference in the physical size of the battery, which changes how much charge they hold. They are all 1.5v batteries Small, low drain devices need a small light battery, so they use AAA. Heavy drain devices like remote control cars need a lot of charge, so they use D size. And so on"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Is tone of voice universally understood? Or are different tones conveyed differently in different languages? | [
"A rising tone is common in a lot of languages, but not all. In Korean, for example, the sentence 'You have a dog' and 'Do you have a dog?' are actually the same identical sentence (너는 개 있어 - you, dog, have) when written that changes from a statement into question when sㅔoken with a rising inflection. In Chinese, ... | [
"Most often, they are speaking in English as this is a common second language around the world. Otherwise, much of the communication is uttered in the players native tongue, regardless of the opponents fluency in the language. Body language, mannerisms and facial expressions also send very clear messages that trans... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
If economics is a science, then how can there be such opposing theories within the field itself? | [
"Just because economics is a science doesn't mean there isn't more than one way to look at it. You find opposing theories in other sciences as well. Physics is also a science, yet nobody knows exactly why our universe works the way it does, and there are lots of opposing theories. Also, we don't know all there is t... | [
"The premise of your question is wrong. The Laffer curve hasn't been discredited. You could argue that the maximum revenue point is higher than what the US and most European countries tax now or that there is a more nuanced approach to the concept, but the underlying idea is both simple and sound. The idea of the L... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How can words people use all the time "not be words." Who decides when something is a word? | [
"when enough people think it is a word, it is a word. The fact people understand it without explanation just helps it along to becoming a word. You have to realize, no word ever existed until people started using it."
] | [
"Short answer: it's not, there are far worse words. More complicated answer: words only have 'power' to be 'bad' if we give them that power. Is the word screw actually less worse than fuck? Of course not."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Linguistics:"
} |
How do sperm cells know to swim to the egg? | [
"It's called \"chemotaxis\"; sperm can detect the presence of chemicals produced by the ovaries, and travel in whichever direction shows an increasing concentration of these chemicals. It's sort of how you locate the source of a smell; move around in circles until you find a direction in which the smell is stronger... | [
"Not all sperm are created equal, even within one man. Because half of a person is from the mother and half from the father, each sperm has to contain only half of the information needed to make a baby. When sperms are made, the information that goes into each one is randomised by several different mechanisms so no... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why are all the boxing title belts not unified? | [
"There are multiple organizations that list champions (and people care about those lists). They all have different rules, so it's possible that a champion is stripped of his belt by one organization, but not by another. Usually this happens because a competitor doesn't fight for a long period of time, or doesn't gr... | [
"The two best fighters of the past 20 years. They are both mega stars. Floyd makes more money than any athlete in history. And lives lavishly. Pacqiao is the biggest celebrity in the Philippines, also a musician, politician, and a man of the people who has gone broke in the past giving his money away to relief aid.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
What's the most complex task our brains perform that super computers have trouble doing? | [
"Natural language processing, especially from speech. A child can understand more complicated instructions than Siri can."
] | [
"Honestly, we don't really know. We definitely don't fully understand how the human mind works. We also don't really understand how AI neural nets work either. We understand how to make and train neural nets, but if you asked someone how a complicated neural net does it thing, you wouldn't be able to get a straight... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why are wall outlets so low to the ground for? | [
"The real reason why is that when I , the electrician , wires your home .the wires are usually coming from under the house. Now when I priced the job I went by the square foot of the home. Wire is expensive .The further I go up the wall to place the receptacle the more wire I have to use. Meaning less money I _URL_... | [
"You could if you want to, but they cost more than standard outlets, and when you're installing 100 of them in a house, a few bucks each matters. How often are you splashing water on the outlet in your office?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
How did they add text to movie scenes (ex. In the credits at the beginning of an old movie) and TV Shows before computers and digital editing? | [
"In the Star Wars films, they painted the words on a piece of glass and then ran the camera across it at that angle you know and love."
] | [
"Depends on how the were shot and what the editing process is In modern films it takes almost as long to edit and add the CGI as it does to shoot the film so somebody would storyboard the trailer and they would finish the footage needed for this first"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why can't Americans themselves keep the net neutral? | [
"Because Americans can't make companies do what they (the Americans) want simply because they want it. In most areas, ISPs are a monopoly, and if you want to get online at anything faster than dial-up speeds, you have only one choice. If that one choice decides to screw you over because it's not illegal, there's no... | [
"> than many realize There's your answer. Until you can get the majority of people to realize the importance of it, you'll never get funding."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post about Healthcare:"
} |
What is all the controversy surrounding stem cell research/testing? | [
"Stem cells are often gathered from what's left over after a woman has an abortion. Many people have a problem with this."
] | [
"Other comments about abortions and stem cells are completely outdated. The real reason why stem cells are not used in mainstream medicine is that the clinical trials process for a completely new area of medicine needs to be well tested before it can be used on such a scale. In addition many of the treatments are s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why does everyone seem to think that drinks in glass (cups/bottles) are better than drinks in plastic cups and bottles? | [
"Glass is generally chemically inert, which is why labs use glassware and not plasticware. Some plastics can leach chemicals into the contents. Not all, but since most people don't know which ones are safe for what purpose we rely on manufacturers to choose wisely. That puts your health in the hands of people who's... | [
"Beer will go flat sooner in plastic bottles, as it is much more porous (microscopically) than glass. By the way, beer is commonly sold in plastic bottles in places like ball parks."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Depth of Field, F-Stop and Apertures (that sort of camera stuff) | [
"F-Stops are a way of measuring the aperture. The aperture is the size of the hole that allows the light in to take the photograph. The larger the number, the smaller the aperture. The aperture dictates the depth of field - the amount of the photograph that would be in focus. The best way to begin understanding thi... | [
"[This Video](_URL_0_) from RocketJump Film School talks about all kinds of Cuts & Transitions. It also talks about what you were looking for at around 07:25 but I suggest that you to watch the whole thing as it's pretty informative."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do some young mammals have such a hard time realizing their tail belongs to their body? (Hence the chasing.) | [
"Sometimes behaviors start for one reason and continue for another. Baby humans will spend hour watching/catching/chewing their hands and feet because they don't quite recognize them as part of their own body yet. Humans tend to outgrow the behavior because we have lots of ways to use our hands and feet to interact... | [
"Because we're born earlier in the gestation process than some animals due to our larger brain/head size and bipedal body shape. If we stayed in long enough to be able to do things, we'd rip our mothers apart on the way out. And, as said below, even newborn infants 'know' to seek food and warmth."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Biology:"
} |
When talking about deceased people why do they refer to them as "late"? | [
"It was noticed over the years that once a person stopped breathing, they rarely, if ever, arrived at their destinations on time. That is of course, without the assistance of the more vertically abled."
] | [
"The ways this questions is written, it sounds like, when you say \"elder generations\", what you really mean is \"my parents\"."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
What's the difference between "I'm stressed" and "I'm anxious"? | [
"If you're just saying it, from a layman perspective, both are subjective. They basically mean whatever you want (unless you're talking about dictionary definitions). Now if a psychiatrist or psychologist says \"You are under a lot of stress\" and \"You are suffering from anxiety\", then we're talking medical term... | [
"A better question might be: why is your grammar worsens when you're drunk?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How do fishes gills work? | [
"Ahoy, matey! Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: How do fish gills work? ](_URL_0_) ^(_6 comments_) 1. [ELI5: How do fish gills actually work? ](_URL_5_) ^(_11 comments_) 1. [ELI5: How do fish gills work? ](_URL_8_) ^(_7 comments_) 1. [ELI5: How do gills work, and why can't fish s... | [
"The ocean is full of creatures who do not have lungs. Also, insects don't have lungs, but they have holes on their bodies where the Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide exchanges take place. tl;dr lungs aren't required to breathe, but they're a very efficient way to do so."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
how did we evolve male-pattern baldness? | [
"It hasn't been weeded out by evolution because it doesn't usually appear until after peak mating age."
] | [
"why do we yawn when we read about yawning?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why did gas prices get outrageously high years ago and what eventually brought the prices back down? | [
"What started the price hike was Hurricane Katrina which caused the port of New Orleans to be dysfunctional for awhile. Because of the sudden supply shock, prices started to soar, which is a natural course of events. Problem is that once the port got rehabilitated, the price of gas did not go down. Oil prices did s... | [
"This is not the lowest oil price in history. Oil historically settles at about $30 (in today's money). It stays at $30 without much variation for decades. In the 1970s and the 2000s there were wars in the Middle East, a lot of instability that made people nervous about oil supplies and it caused the price of oil t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Economics:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about Economics:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Economics:"
} |
why are Chinatowns celebrated in American cities as tourist destinations? What's the cultural significance compared to say a Braziltown? | [
"We do not have a lot of Brazilian immigrants, and those that we do have are not extremely likely to congregate. That said if a Braziltown did form it would not have the same draw as a Chinatown because it is not culturally different enough. Brazil is a former Portuguese colony and much if not most of their cultur... | [
"What do you mean by rural? This is a super interesting topic, but I would assume that places like Chicago and maybe even St. Paul had its fair share of Roaring 20's activities going on with all the organized crime. Maybe somebody can shed more light on the topic!"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is a nicotine buzz and why do we get it? | [
"Most of the effects of nicotine can be attributed to a release of a chemical called acetylcholine which binds to receptors in the brain increasing alertness and enhancing concentration. Positive feelings might be due to the drugs enhancement of dopamine action in the nucleus accumbens or reward center of the brain... | [
"If you drink coffee every day to wake yourself up in the morning, you will eventually become addicted. How would this contribute to you becoming addicted to alcohol, tobacco or methamphetamines? They're completely different drugs with different effects, different feelings and, most importantly, different chemistry... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why don't news shows have to censor brands but TV shows do? | [
"Usually the brands are censored on TV shows because the producers of the show either asked for the brand to pay for an endorsement op and they said no, or they don't want to piss off any brands that did endorse the show by putting another brand on for free. Plus there's always a risk that the brand owners may not ... | [
"They are premium channels. You pay specifically for that channel, so they don't have to follow nearly the same rules as public network broadcasts. There are also premium channels that literally just show porn 24 hours a day."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do healthy foods at the stores nutrition labels always seem devoid of nutrition? | [
"In general it's because of companies and farmers lobbying the FDA about what essential nutrients appear on the label. Iodine is an essential nutrient, why isn't it on the label? Vitamin C is essential, but in everything; why is it on the label? When you showcase only calories, iron, vitamin c, and only a couple ot... | [
"Because they provide a lot of vitamins and minerals (and some proteins) and are tasty. We can get plenty of calories. In fact, it is *too* easy nowadays to get enough calories. Why should lack of calories be a downside?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
What happens to money that was destroyed (or found to be destroyed) during a police investigation? | [
"New money is printed and old money is taken out of circulation and destroyed all the time. > would they reprint the money they found that was destroyed They wouldn't print \"special\" money just for this case. It would just be done on the normal schedule. > I always thought you couldn't just \"lose\" money out o... | [
"It doesn't go anywhere for now. It is held as evidence. When it no longer has evidentiary value (when the cases are all closed) it gets returned to the legal owner unless it is contraband. Bitcoins aren't contraband, so the government will either have to return it or, if it can prove the property was used in or fr... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
how does someone blowing their breath into a device give their blood alcohol content? | [
"A certain amount of the alcohol in your blood evaporates through your lungs and is exhaled. (Thus why a really drunk person smells like alcohol.) The rate at which that happens is related to your blood alcohol content, so a breathalyzer can pretty accurately estimate your BAC by the alcohol content of your breath.... | [
"Sleeping and eating dies not affect your bac. How drunk you feel had more to do with your tolerance, how you handle your alcohol not your actual bac. Some alcoholics will appear to be entirely functional and sober with a blood alcohol level that would have me on my ass."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Follow up to me previous electricity question: Where does electricity originate from? If I reverse its line to my home, I get to transformers and cables and then to a power plant but then where? We don't create electricity, we simply harness it, right? | [
"No we create it. We create it via windmills, water turbines, and nuclear reactors (which the steam used powers the turbine in the case of a nuclear reactor). For example a power Dam takes in water and it flows through a turbine. This turbine then spins at varying rates of speed dependant on the water intake flow, ... | [
"I'm not sure, but is done in some places. The problem is that lightning has an incredibly high voltage, so you need a good system to capture it without damaging the receiving end (voltage is like the force, so every strike hits hard). Like if you wanna power a little fan through very strong punches, you wanna make... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why hasn't Sega made a new console in the past 10 years? | [
"They lost money on the Saturn and the Dreamcast. Probably the Megadrive add ons too. So instead of risk going under, they bailed and focused on the profitable side of their business, software. And for them to re-enter the market they'd have to take on several behemoths - Sony, Microsoft, Nintendo. Not too mention... | [
"Did you just explain my life for the past 15 years?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How will an economy in a country where robots preform most of the labor? | [
"What you might be missing is that historically any time that a new technology has come along that has displaced workers (e.g. the water mill), lots of other \"unheard of\" jobs sprung up. Ask a person in the 1800s if they think that dog grooming jobs would be available in every town, or if every town would have a ... | [
"Currently, much of the world is looking at a shortage of jobs as economies transition from industrial to more efficient post-industrial economies. Like you're five: it now takes fewer people to make more things, so jobs will be harder to get in many countries."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How is the universe ~15 billion years old yet span over 80 billion light years in diameter? | [
"The universe is expanding. During the early expansion it was expanding much faster than the speed of light. The current [understanding of metric expansion in the universe](_URL_0_ ) is subject to some debate, particularly the effect of dark energy."
] | [
"It's impossible to know for sure if the universe is infinite or not. The *observable* universe certainly isn't, it's only about 90 billion light years across."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about astronomy:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer about astronomy:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Mathematics:"
} |
Why does "top shelf" alcohol taste so much smoother than the cheap alcohols? | [
"When spirits are distilled, the liquid comes out in 3 parts, heads first, then the heart, then the tails. The heads and tails contain lots of nasty things such as fusel oils. The best spirits / top shelf producers only take a small part of the heart which contains the cleanest spirit. This means less hangover/bad ... | [
"The cost to make it is fairly low, and it's specifically marketed towards an audience which wants very cheap alcohol, even if it tastes poor, price and quantity are higher priorities. Combine this and that's why you've got 40s of Steel Reserve for so cheap. Cheers."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How can a corporation create more stocks if stocks are just a percentage of ownership of a company? | [
"The Board of Directors(people elected by the shareholders) have to approve the sale of any new shares. For a smaller private company it's often a gamble. The existing shareholders willfully take a cut in their percentage of ownership so they can get funding to expand the company in the hopes that the expansion wil... | [
"Buying stock pretty much means buying a piece of the company. So the money goes to whoever owned that part of the company before (so either the company themselves or the previous share holder). The changing value of the stock reflects the changing value of the company."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What is the advantage of using a diode with a solar panel? | [
"It prevents the battery from discharging into the solar panels when their voltage falls below battery voltage. If you're just hooking them straight to the motors with no other power source, I wouldn't bother."
] | [
"Is it possible to get a better picture with a little more light?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
If I had $1Billion, what "Bank" would/could I deposit it all in. | [
"It would be stupid to put it all in one bank because, for one, banks can fail, and two, it could be put to much better use. Ideally one would invest most of it in various forms of assets like stocks and bonds, real estate, etc."
] | [
"You give me $100, I’ll give you $101 in 6 months I’ll then take your $100 and “loan” it to person x, But he/she has to agree to give me $225 after 6 months Repeat"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What gives food their taste? | [
"Food contains chemical compounds. Our tongues and noses contain receptors linked to nerves. These receptors have very specific shapes. When a chemical in food has the right shape, it binds to the appropriate receptor. This triggers a nerve to send a signal to the brain, which interprets the signal depending on whi... | [
"Because many of them are vital for human life."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does our brain allow self harming activities? | [
"Way back when before civilization, self injury was sometimes necessary. If you had a hunk of wood in the your leg you would remove it. If your arm was trapped, you’d dislocate it if it meant freedom. For survival, the ends ALWAYS justify the means."
] | [
"So what is it about human physiology that makes this work differently for us?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Psychology:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Psychology:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do so few plants make up so much of our food? | [
"Plants do this thing where they convert sugar to cellulose in order to grow. We can't digest that because we don't have the enzyme to convert it to sugars again. The plants we do eat have been cultivated over thousands of years to select for the best crop possible, and these plants tend to have a lot of sugar in s... | [
"Half of the planet doesn't really have a winter in the sense of snow, Sub-Zero temperatures and leaf-loss. Think about the regions around and parallel to the equator. Lots of rain forests and definitely lots and lots of trees. We also get nearly 50% of the oxygen in the atmosphere from oceanic algae. So plants are... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Are incognito windows used for anything other than porn? | [
"They're useful if you want to enter your credit card number on somebody else's computer browser for something without having it try to remember all your details. They're useful if you're doing travel booking, a lot of sites that sell flights and hotel rooms leave cookies on your browser that raise prices the more ... | [
"In short, no. Usually you are only tracked for data purposes, and for ads. And even then, your data is protected, companies take precautions when storing the data. For me, it is a sense of safety that companies do not track me online. Sometimes for other people, they want to be anonymous because they are researchi... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
The Big Short, why were there no repercussions for banks or bankers? | [
"> if anything did change to prevent it in the future Not sure about the US, but in the EU there has been a lot of banking regulations, banking reserve funds, and minimum reserve requirements for banks that have been added. > what happened to all of the bailout money. The bailouts were loans. They were paid back, ... | [
"You are assuming that the GFC was caused by criminal wrong doing. It wasn't. It was caused by bad policy decisions by the US government, bad (but not criminal) risk management by banks and greedy consumers."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why do we get very uncomfortable/get chills whenever we hear very squeaky sounds (like fabric pillows being scratched)? | [
"Copied and pasted from the post [here](_URL_0_) by kaze_no_saga: There are two theories. The sound resembles the cry of alarm of the primates long way down the evolutionary lane; The sound frequency resonates within the human ear canal, causing it to vibrate violently."
] | [
"Sometimes it feels nice, does anybody know why it feels nice occasionally (Feels like a massage) and sometimes it feels nasty like somebody stabbing you with needles?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why am I so much thirstier when I wake up from a nap than just regular sleep? | [
"naps are less restful. your body doesn't slow down the same way it does when you crash for the night. you're just spending more energy."
] | [
"I am on board with you mate. I experience the same thing. You would think that since you ate more recently (and supposedly your metabolism slows down when you are sleeping) that you should be less hungry than if you went to bed on an empty stomach. * I would add as a followup question: Why am I NOT hungry when I w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why do beech trees and hedges retain dead leaves on their branches, while most other species of tree shed them? | [
"They give off the appearance that they are keeping them but really the leaves are fully abscised, that is, the plant has cut off all nutrients from the leaf by walling it off. The only reason why it stays attached to the tree is because of the connective tissue in between the dead leaf and the tree is thicker in t... | [
"You can usually tell that a tree is dying if many of the branches don't have any leaves for one summer season. The tree is dead, if it doesn't have any leaves for a full summer season. Another sign that it's dead would be when the bark comes off of the tree trunk."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What are artificial flavors made of, and how are different flavors created? | [
"The can come from anyone you can imagine. For example Castoreum is the exudate from the castor sacs of the mature North American Beaver (think anal glands). It is used as a substitute vanilla flavour for food and drinks. _URL_0_"
] | [
"Not every ingredient has to be listed individually. For instance \"natural flavors\" and \"artificial flavors\" can include hundreds of different substances, and as long as that substance meets federal guidelines for being a \"natural flavor\" or \"artificial flavor\", you don't have to be told explicitly what it ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How can websites know when I'm on mobile and use mobile-version of that site yet can't know when I'm using a computer to redirect to normal version? | [
"The site definitely knows that you're visiting it with a desktop instead of a mobile device (as /u/Gnonthgol explained, it's done using the User-Agent header). Keeping you in the mobile site instead of redirecting you to the desktop site is just a choice by the site's developers. The main reason for this choice is... | [
"If you're talking about hamburger menus ( _URL_0_ ), it's because it's a trend to make things look the same on the phone and computer. Phone users can't click small buttons/links, so the website puts it all in to a hamburger menu. Then, programs/websites on your desktop adopt this style because they want to make ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
why it's acceptable to eat animals like cows and pigs and fish, but it's unacceptable to eat animals like cats and dogs? | [
"It's a cultural thing - in a lot of places, people tend to classify pets and food differently, regardless of what actual animal they are. People allow themselves to get attached to pets, consider them family, etc, so killing them, let alone eating them feels as barbaric as eating a member of the family."
] | [
"Nope. Meat is meat (roughly speaking). It'd be the same as eating any other apex omnivore, like bears. People used to eat bear all the time. You should balance your diet, of course, by also eating everything from a person's garden after you slaughter them."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about biology:"
} |
Why does water like to bead on some surfaces? | [
"Car paint is hydrophobic. The reason it beads is because it isn't absorbed into the paint and gravity isn't strong enough to pull the water down the slope of the car. Water beads because of surface tension, which is a property of liquids where it naturally seeks to form the least surface area possible. It's also w... | [
"There's so much stuff dissolved in the water from the Koolaid that the surface tension is different, causing it to stick to the glass instead of pouring like water."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do they decide how many bikes to have active in any given time in those bike-renting projects most European cities have? Is there an actual science to it or do governments just "wing it"? | [
"in london they have people transporting bikes around the city in lorries to fulfil changing demand. At particularly busy spots such as kings cross train station they hire a nearby storage facility- during the evening rush hour there are people employed purely to keep removing bikes to the storage facility to free... | [
"Not an expert, but IMO employers won't encourage differing work times because of the very omnipresent idea of a 9-5 work day, and we Americans are very stubborn about traditions. As for who takes care of it all, mainly state DOTs (dep. of transportation) who employ engineers among many other people from different ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What exactly do Neural Networks in AlphaZero/LeelaChess do? | [
"If you're going to do a Monte Carlo Tree Search, you want some way to assign probabilities to candidate moves. If you favor moves that are likely to be strong more over moves that are likely to be weak, you're going to do much better than if you pick moves uniformly at random. The neural network spits out a vecto... | [
"Can you better explain what you are asking about? My google searching doesn't exactly explain what \"The Three Liars Paradox\" is."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What kind of experiments do they do on the ISS, and how are they only relevant on the station? | [
"They do all kinds of experiments, and they're only relevant on the station because that's the only place that we have that's in sustained freefall, not to mention easy access to solar radiation and near vacuum in unlimited quantities. Say you want to know how salt crystals form in higher gravity than earth. That's... | [
"whatever HAL wants. But actually it is used for research mainly in many fields...Things like the affects of living in space, astronomy, space weather, space medecine etc. are all researched there. These experiments are usually ones that could not be carried out as efficiently/at all from earth, hence the need to b... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why do humans have a habit of staring "into nothingness"? | [
"Yo ho ho! Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: Why do we \"space out\" randomly? ](_URL_6_) 1. [ELI5: Why do we \"zone out\", or stare into space? ](_URL_1_) 1. [ELI5: Why we sometimes stare into the distance and have a delayed reaction to people talking to us. ](_URL_7_) 1. [ELI5:... | [
"So our souls don't fly out of our mouths from fright."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about Biology:"
} |
Why does the president sometime use multiple pens when signing a bill? | [
"Everyone involved in the bill, or at least the sponsors of it all want \"The pen\" used to sign the bill. You can't give everyone the same pen, so he uses several."
] | [
"He does several things. A - He is the executive branch of the government. When Congress passes a bill, it ends up on his desk. His job is to consult his cabinet and then say yes or no to the bill and either veto it or sign it into law. B - He is the Commander in Chief of the US Military. Aside from a few checks an... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.