query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1 value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Why is the blue ink very common for writing, but when it comes to printing, black ink is extremely common? | [
"Blue ink is common for writing, at least partially to differentiate wet ink signatures from photocopies. Black ink is very low cost, because everybody wants the same color. Blue ink is problematic, as Dodger Blue isn't the same as Prussian Blue."
] | [
"Green ink was something that were really easy to get hands on during the period when the dollar first arrived. It was also a strong ink so it doesn't rub off easily. That's was good, considering how many touched it. The ink were also made up of many different inks, which made the colour hard to counterfeit. Mostly... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How do passwords obtained from iBanking tokens have a timeout, when they are not wirelessly connected to the internet in real time? | [
"They are based on an algorithm that uses a secret pre agreed key and the clock in the device. After some time has elapsed the code you have no longer matches the current time."
] | [
"The passwords aren't passed through the front end which is what you see to enter your login and password. \"Hackers\" wouldn't use the computer's operating system anyway. They would have their own interface to capture what they were after. Which is where the bruteforce would come into play."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Obama's new job plan | [
"He wants to pay small businesses to hire people especially veterans and people unemployed for more than 6 months. He wants to build/repair infrastructure including high speed rail, bridges, and major highways, thus creating jobs. He wants to pay small businesses to raise salaries. He wants to pay for this with cut... | [
"\"Environmental concerns\" is the official \"correct\" answer. Really it's just a job creation measure."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Did those mentioned in the Panama Papers perform illegal actions? | [
"Depends on the country's laws, but the whole point was that they were exploiting loopholes. As in, they followed the letter of the law, but not the spirit. The money they made was intended to be taxed and used in other ways probably, but through a proper but legitimate misunderstanding of the law, they were able t... | [
"Follow up, if this warrant a new post please tell me: How did politicians and the general public react when they found out these companies were aiding Nazi forces in WW2?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why did US decide to go for 'Presidential Republic' system instead of 'Parliamentary Republic' system ? | [
"1) When the US left Great Britain, the monarch still had much more power than they do now, the transition to the modern constitutional monarchy was far from complete. By leaving when they did, and then codifying it in a written constitution, they missed the ensuing European development. 2) Constitutionally, Congre... | [
"Parliament - The executive branch derives it's authority from the legislative branch (the parliament). Totalitarian - The Government has absolute control. Oligarchy - Where power rests within a small group of people, whether it is Royalty, the Wealthy, the Educated, etc. Notice how one doesn't preclude the others.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
the physical difference between a video camera and a still camera. Also, how do the hybrids differ from the single task models? | [
"There's very little difference between the two (for digital cameras). Many still photo cameras can also take video and vice versa. The key is that to do video, the camera must be capable of moving images from the sensor to memory rapidly, and must have the memory capacity to store many frames. Some hybrids (stil... | [
"I'm not a camera pro, but basically: A smartphone camera lense or even a Go pro doest have 1/10th of a cinema camera quality. There is much more than resolution and megapixels when it comes to cameras. Why does some 8mp phone camera does a better job than some 13mp ones? Same stuff. Lense, picture processing, etc.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
What is the origin of the "http://" before a website address, what is its purpose, and why is Wikipedia's "https://" a significant difference? | [
"\"something://\" indicates the protocol being used. The protocol is the system/rules by which your computer and the remote server that has the webpage talk to each other. There's actually many, and some other ones used to be more popular, but these days http (hypertext transfer protocol) is by far the most commonl... | [
"It works on improperly coded sites that just have a list of forbidden webpages. A question mark in a URL is a way to say \"more stuff comes after this\", for example some search variables. If you put nothing after it, nothing happens however if the security was poorly made and only redirected on an exact URL, you ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do these 8/16/32/64k-demos work? how can you put all that information and animation in such a small file? | [
"I'm ignorant of the general computery stuff involved, but it's like this: the file doesn't actually contain the stuff which is to be shown. It contains HOW to MAKE the stuff which is to be shown. ELI5 analogy time. Say I want to have an awesome home video of me driving across the country. I could get a video camer... | [
"I'm pretty sure the music is synthesized. The music actually stored on the cartridge is basically just the musical notes it should play, instead of having the actual sound data. The console then has a built in sequencer that reads the notes and plays them. The music files aren't thus very large at all. The texture... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how did generals in ancient battles send commands readily and accurately I the battles? | [
"Quite simple: they didn't. Commands could be given by pre-arranged signals, via drums, bugles, flags, etc. You could send a courier to deliver orders to a commander, or something similar, but getting commands delivered in a timely accurate fashion was a major issue for a lot of history. There are multiple battles... | [
"> They are typically historically accurate (or appear to be) No. The \"Egyptians\" in Rome:TW come to mind. They are massively anachronistic. Very good game, nonetheless; I really like the \"Rome: Total Realism\" mod. To your question: You have to keep in mind that instant communication is only happening since the... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
The green frog-guy meme I keep seeing from r/The_Donald in /All | [
"It is Donald Trump photoshopped together with the meme [Pepe](_URL_0_). No one really has any idea why Pepe got popular in the first place, it originated on 4chan years ago and quite frankly is probably the most long lived meme in meme history. As for what it means... no one knows. As for why it is on there, well,... | [
"While you wait for a fuller answer (personally I think this is ground so far little-tread in this sub), the inestimable u/Georgy_K_Zhukov has an answer for [this topic.](_URL_0_)"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Since the Earth is so hospitable to life, then why isn't there multiple origins of life/ multiple coexisting trees of life? | [
"The conditions on Earth at present are very conducive for sustaining life, but not for life to originate. The theory of life that is well accepted is primary abiogenesis and then biogenesis ever since. The first molecules of life originated from non living substances then these living molecules started self replic... | [
"It means there's a better chance life of some kind developed there. Mankind has always had some sort of 'are we alone in the universe' feeling nagging at us. As long as Earth is the only place where we know life developed, we know we might be unique. If there's a second example of life, even grubby little bacteri... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about science:"
} |
How come ICBMs can’t be shot down? Are they undetectable or are they just going to fast? | [
"They can be shot down... sometimes. Test under ideal conditions are ok-ish at shooting down ICBMs but it's never been done during an actually attack so we don't really know how effective missile interception would be when it mattered. Missiles are small and moving very fast. Intercepting a missile is like trying t... | [
"Their new missile is just a normal cruise missile, it's not a ballistic missile An ICBM flies up a few thousand miles before falling back on to it's target. This process takes about 30 minutes no matter where the target is Their new missile doesn't go up that far, it just flies in a straight line. Any target less ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do they make unique signals for car alarm/lock remotes | [
"The \"key\" emits a series of timed pulses. The car recognizes only one pattern."
] | [
"they use the same frequency sure. but there are unique identifiers in the transmitter and receiver. only if the transmitter sends the correct code the receiver is expecting does it unlock. for cheap systems, these are hardcoded so anyone that knows the correct code can unlock the door. thieves could monitor wirele... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do you safely get rid of nuclear waste? | [
"Put it in strong barrels, put barrels in a cave that isn't near a water source. Hope the barrels don't leak for many many many many many many years."
] | [
"Why do some parts of the world call gasoline petrol?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
What is the biological purpose of blue eyes? | [
"Pro tip: not every trait we have had a purpose. There's no rule staring that just because something evolved, it's useful. Blue eyes are merely a mutation that wasn't detrimental enough to be selected against."
] | [
"What source says that alcohol is bad for your teeth?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
how to best use my credit card to build credit. | [
"Unless you have bad credit and are trying to turn it around as quickly as possible or if you are trying to eek out those last 5 points to put you over 800, the only thing you really need to worry about is make sure you aren't late paying your card. It won't really hurt (or help) to carry a balance or to not carry ... | [
"You’ll still generate a bill. You just no longer have access to the remainder of the open credit."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does practically every website still have trouble handling high traffic volumes even when they're expecting it? | [
"Servers have a finite amount of processing power. The only way to increase your capacity is to get MORE servers or upgrade the hardware of existing servers. This is an expensive proposition and takes work to do. It doesn't make much sense unless you're expecting to have to handle this sort of volume a lot."
] | [
"The site itself requires very few server resources (I think I read somewhere that an image of the whole site fits on a single CD). When they get shut down in one country, they move to another and set up again -- it doesn't take them very long to do."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Is our moon moving away from Earth? If so, what's causing it? | [
"The moon has gravity just like Earth and this pull on Earth is of different strength at different distances. The result is a tidal force that creates a bulge in the oceans and even the crust. Due to the rotation of Earth this bulge sits slightly ahead of the moon's rotation and pulls the moon forward in its orbit,... | [
"Pick up a bucket of water and spin around, holding it out at arms length. Notice how you're wobbling as you spin? Now, take two buckets of water, one in each hand, and spin around. They are balancing each other, and you are no longer wobbling. The sun is \"wobbling\" because of all of the planets that circle it. S... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage about astronomy:"
} |
What's going on with Netflix and Verizon? | [
"Verizon has a lot of pipes. Netflix traffic uses a large portion of those pipes, because HD video. [A US Appeals Court](_URL_0_) recently ruled that Verizon can charge Netflix more because it uses more pipes, which makes a lot of tech people upset, because it allows ISPs (the guys with the pipes) to decide what co... | [
"As a non American, I feel the same about Netflix, Hulu, and until recently Pandora."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is all the debris in space and other stuff orbiting earth not a bigger problem? | [
"Its all super far apart and would take more resources than the objects are worth to collect them and orbital decay HAS already been calculated."
] | [
"It just disperses out into space. Eventually it will get pulled into whatever big object is nearby by gravity."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Science and Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Science and Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do we have to cook things with a low flame for a long time. Why not a high flame for a short amount of time? | [
"Large flame means high temperature. High temperature means the outer layer of food might burn before the inside has been heated up. Low temperature takes more time, but gives you much more even cooking."
] | [
"Food heated in an oven is simply heated for much longer. This allows the heat to spread throughout the food. Put food in the microwave for 60 second, it'll probably be hot. Put it in the oven for 60 seconds and it will basically not have changed at all."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Science:"
} |
Why do people like Warren Buffet continue to try and make as much money as possible, when they have so much that they could never spend it all? | [
"When you control massive wealth you can do things nobody else can do. You get called by Presidents and Potentates when they need help or want your opinion. You get invited to the most interesting secret meetings where the strings that move the world are pulled. You get a seat behind the curtain. Being an active in... | [
"You don't get rich by giving money away. Just because someone has a lot of money doesn't mean they're also the sort of person who doesn't care about how much they spend on things; it's usually those who do care about financing and manage to earn a lot of cash while spending only a small amount that get rich."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Economics:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Economics:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why do they even allow people's cars to go over 140 mph? | [
"Consumers demand acceleration. That requires a powerful engine. Consumers demand fuel economy. That requires a tall gear ratio that keeps a car at speed at low engine RPM, meaning it's consuming less fuel. What happens when you combine that powerful engine at HIGH RPM with that tall gear meant for low RPM at highw... | [
"a better question would be who thinks it's a good idea to go to times square on NYE at this stage?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How come you can only get bigger muscles on a calorie surplus? | [
"Building muscles is like building a house, you need to build it out of something. By exercising you are giving your cells orders to build a building. Proteins are like the bricks for the building, the cells can just stack em together and make a building. You can turn other things into bricks, but that takes ti... | [
"It can. Stop eating and you will consume fat. Fat gain is 100% based on calorie consumption and nothing else. You can eat 2,000 calories of twinkies a day and lose weight. I lost something like 25lbs in 2-3 months just by cutting back to 1 meal a day on weekends. Just to get back to the bottom half of average/norm... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:"
} |
if there is no sound in space, is there no sound in the shuttle once at a certain point above earth? Tl;dr how does sound in space work? | [
"Sound is vibration in a fluid ( gas or liquid). In space there is no air, so sound cannot be created. In space shuttles, there is an air tank so the astronauts can breathe, and this allows them to talk."
] | [
"In the sense of it being a tool for navigation it would stop working pretty quickly, like before you leave the atmosphere. it might point north but that doesn't help you in a space ship. Once it leaves earths magnetic field it wouldn't do anything at all (no idea how big earths magnetic field is but farther than t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Science:"
} |
why do people scream when they are in pain? | [
"To warn others in the area of danger, and/or to call for help. Which such basic instincts as these, think of stone-age hunters in the long grass, hunting gazelle and trying to avoid tigers."
] | [
"why do we yawn when we read about yawning?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Wattage, voltage, amperage, and resistance | [
"Compare it to a bus, with one elektron being a bus and the amount of people in the bus the energy that an elektron carries. Amperage would be the amount of busses that are driving. Voltage the amount of people per bus, wattage the total amount of people transported and resistance the amount of people a bus would l... | [
"Well, power is both volts and amps. And, as a transformer raises voltage, it lowers amperage. In fact, IIRC, power is voltage multiplied by current."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How do archaeologists know who a certain skeleton in a tomb is? | [
"You know how we place tombstones on graves with inscriptions on them? They did that back in ancient times as well. Only the inscriptions were on and inside the tombs."
] | [
"There was a game called chunkey. It involved rolling a round stone on the ground while participants either shot arrows at it or threw spears. I used to be an archaeologist, and found one on a site that dated to around 1000 ad. This particular stone had a circle engraved in it that was about 2 inches in diameter. T... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What's the difference between Muslim and Islamic? | [
"Islam is the religion and Islamic means related to Islam. Muslims are worshipers of the Islam religion So Islam would be similar to Christianity as Muslim would be similar to Christian"
] | [
"The main reason is because of the religious background of the United States."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is an app/website doing when frozen? Is it reading through lines of code? | [
"Generally it's a software issue. It's not \"reading\" the lines of code persay, but it is stuck in some sort of time-consuming process and neglecting to respond to your input in a timely manner. The typical solution is to write code that allows these long-running tasks to be separated from the tasks that handle in... | [
"Could be that the user isn't actually triggering what appears to be a refresh, rather you're seeing a slower system going through its startup routines, checking the desktop shortcuts' file associations, for example."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do sweets create cavities? | [
"Sweets contain glucose and the bacteria in your mouth digest the glucose and produce acid. The acid eats through the enamel and then you get cavities."
] | [
"Fluoride doesn't kill bacteria. It strengthens the enamel on your teeth preventing cavities."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How do long term space projects (i.e. James Webb Telescope) that take decades, deal with technological advancement implementation within the time-frame of their deployment? | [
"A bit of both. The key component of some things, like the lenses themselves, are pretty much \"locked in\" at some point. We know we can build them today, and we know we'll find a better way to build them when we actually start manufacturing them. So, how they will actually be made is up in the air but we know th... | [
"We could and we do, for example the Mars Orbiter _URL_0_ The problem is the cost and return on value. There are no Martians who want to pay for accurate mapping data like on Earth. It is also more expensive to send objects deeper into space. This cost comes in the form of larger rockets and increased risk to syste... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Space telescopes:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Space telescopes:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why it can take days for electronic bank transfer to show up or ''clear'' into bank accounts? | [
"the banks are using the float to their advantage and ignoring your convenience."
] | [
"Not sure where you are from but, in the UK your debit card will authorise a transaction, and that money will be in your 'withholdings'. simply put, the bank has authorised that payment, and has put the money to one side to be debited by the company. Although the payment has 'gone through' the money won't be physic... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
If a high protein and heavy resistance training is the key to putting on muscle, how do horses and other animals do it ? | [
"Grain has a lot of carbs, but it also has an appreciable amount of protein. It's actually not too uncommon for human weightlifters to eat more cabs than protein, as well. Since horses evolved as herbivores, I don't know that they would be able to digest those high protein sources properly. Also, while they aren't ... | [
"Muscle mass doesn't help you hunt. Look at any hunter gatherers around the world and they're all very slight and built for long range endurance not raw strength. Cleverness makes you a good hunter and our brains require a tremendous amount of energy to function properly, and the most efficient form of stored biolo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Science:"
} |
This might be a dumb question but it just started raining, so I started thinking, why does it start raining slow then increase in speed? Like what is happening in the cloud that's different than before, or vice versa if it starts pouring like there's no tomorrow then slows down? | [
"The cloud moves. First, the cloud's (thinner) edge comes over you, and because it's thinner there's less rain to unload; then the bulk of the cloud, then finally the trailing edge. Clouds are water vapor suspended in air (and so is fog), and the ability of air to keep water depends on temperature and pressure. Air... | [
"It's water vapor, cold air can't hold as much water vapor as warm air. When it's raining outside it's really humid but the air can hold more moisture when it's warm; so when you cool down that air the ability to hold that moisture is lowered."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does charcoal mellow whiskey? | [
"It's very similar to a Brita water filter (they use charcoal to absorb unpleasant smelling/tasting chemicals). Activated charcoal has enormous surface area for its weight, and it's mostly made up of carbon atoms. Carbon adsorbs many materials quite well, but especially other carbon chemicals. Since most of the u... | [
"Whiskey is aged in wood barrels. The wood absorbs some of the harsher chemicals & there's some chemical reactions that give you some new flavor compounds. For American whiskies, like bourbon, the inside of the barrels is charred, giving you charcoal - which gives you another layer of new organic molecules to work ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How does the information travel through cords to make sound on speakers? | [
"As electrical voltages and currents. If you put a 1 kHz AC current (current that swap directions 1000 times a second) on the wire, it causes the speaker to move at 1 kHz, which causes the air to move at 1 kHz, which makes you hear a 1 kHz tone. To play more complex sounds, you just put a more complex electrical cu... | [
"Our head is not the antenna. The antenna is packed into the body of the phone now."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What happens if an astronaut working on the exterior of the space station happens to lose grip on whatever they're holding on to? | [
"This is why they tether themselves. If they were untethered and drifted out of reach of the station then not all would be lost, though. Many EVA (extra vehicular activity) suits include small thrusters that the astronaut can use to maneuver around. These could be used to push them back towards the ship. Alternativ... | [
"It's dangerous for both you and the person who may be at the top of the ladder. Something could be dropped on your head or you could possibly knock over the ladder. Don't walk under ladders."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
If "Ren and Stimpy" was geared towards adults, why was it on Nickelodeon? | [
"Because no 'adult' stations would pick it up, so they cleaned it up (a little) and pitched it as a kids show. I think the same thing happened with spongebob"
] | [
"We have plenty of western cartoons like The Simpsons or Family Guy that aren't exaclty designed for kids. Southpark is a good example of an adult western cartoon."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What Obama Just Said, Explained | [
"\"Our government will be spending less\" We should include here that Keynesian economics recommend *increasing* spending in a recession. So while we will be helping lessen our debt, this might not be the best time to do so."
] | [
"High Crime + Dwindling Population + Crumbling Infrastructure + Diminishing Jobs = Perceived Shithole."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is the USA the richest nation when it has over 17 trillion USD in debt | [
"A homeless person has 0 money. An office worker has 5000 in the bank but has a borrowed debt of 20,000. So technically the worker has negative 15,000 but he is still considered richer."
] | [
"Not a huge strain. The total cost to the country is about $182 Billion per year, a bit under 1% of our annual productivity."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why does mental illness seem more common today? | [
"Because gradually people are becoming more open and accepting of discussing mental illness, so it seems more common when the general population assess their own mental state in a more open minded manner. It has always been this common, but people didn't talk about it."
] | [
"Cancer isn't one disease, and no one treatment will work for every type of cancer no even for every person with the same type of cancer. It's vastly complex and will never be solved overnight - but because of the research, your chances of surviving cancer right now are vastly better than they have ever been, and c... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Social Issues:"
} |
How can blockchain technology ensure diamond authenticity / no child labour use in a product? | [
"A blockchain is really just a way of people creating a secure series of notes about things. It can track the history of the source of a product and ownership but that chain of ownership is meaningless if the original claim about something being \"good\" was made in bad faith or can't be trusted. If you can trust F... | [
"Diamonds from countries that violate human rights in their mining are called blood diamonds. Some countries do restrict importing from blood diamond countries. The US has had such a restriction on Sierra Leone's diamonds since 2001, and set up the Clean Diamond Trade Act in 2003 specifically to try and combat it. ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
What happens if you are morbidly obese (1000 pounds) and starve yourself? | [
"There was a study where a man who was morbidly obese took supplements and didn't eat for a very long time. He eventually got skinny, then died in his 40s. Moral being proper diet and exercise is the better route"
] | [
"Everyone has something called the Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)...that's the number of calories you burn just sitting around. The heavier you are, the more you burn. A 500 lbs. man will burn over 4600 calories a day, while at 200 lbs. he will burn about 2300. Another way to look at it, that is how many calories they ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does newly minted currency enter circulation? | [
"They send them to banks and major companies, banks stop giving out old currency (if it's going out of circulation), over time, the new currency will be passed about so much that it's just part of the system"
] | [
"Less than 10% of all currency exists as physical cash, so its affect is negligible. In the US, banks constantly send in old bills for destruction and receive new ones in return. I assume it works the same way in the UK."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What happens to Greece now that the bailout extension has been denied? | [
"The party currently in power promised end the austerity measured imposed on it by the EU, and it promised it would no leave the euro. It will have to break one of those promises. Note that Greece has always had the option to honor the existing deal, and get additional bailout money. They current gov't doesn't want... | [
"Their GDP dropped to the point that investors did not believe the government would be able to pay its debts on time. Thus the rating on their government bonds plummetted. To prevent a government default, they received bailout money from other countries."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do poor people *legally* immigrate to the United States? | [
"[This image goes into some detail about it](_URL_0_) Essentially if you don't have family here, and you're not skilled it's essentially impossible to become a citizen, barring something like being granted refugee status."
] | [
"Migrate is general and just suggests moving from one region to another. Emigrate is to move your residence out of your country, and immigrate means to move your residence *into* a new country. So, if I move from Germany to France, I have emigrated from Germany, immigrated to France, and I have migrated from one co... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Why must we have to wake up so early for school when it can easily be moved later in the day so we get more sleep? | [
"Mostly buses. But more importantly, there are a lot of \"latchkey kids\" whose parents work multiple jobs, or who have single parent families, or both. If the parents leave work to pick up their kids from school, or stay home to babysit them, the family wouldn't have enough money to eat. Even very stable families ... | [
"In Fall we return to normal time. So really the point of daylight savings time is to give us extra sun in the summer. If there was no daylight savings time, sundown would be at 7 instead of 8 in the months of June, July, August. Etc. I always thought it would make sense to have daylight savings all the time due to... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why do more serious wounds, like surgery wounds have drainage durring the healing process? | [
"The drainage is dead white blood cells and dead bacteria. Having to drain a wound is more about how deep and enclosed it is. When you scrape your knee, the wound is on the surface so the drainage can easily flow out. With a deeper wound, the drainage has nowhere to go, so it builds up and causes other problems, es... | [
"Your body has a remarkable ability to heal itself rather well, while not perfect. Once the bullet/missle is removed, they will check for any potential infection sites, cauterize (seal the extreme parts of the wound with heat) any major sources of bleeding, then bandage the wound closed and continue to monitor it w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why is the male crotch's color a little different from the rest of the body? | [
"Male genitalia - and the pubic area in general - have a higher concentration of the pigment melanin than the rest of the body. This accounts for a darker color."
] | [
"Lips are red/pink ish due to the skin being extremely thin compared to the rest of the body"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is it No purchase necessary on those boxes you must open to win? | [
"Generally, there is a mail-in or online method to enter the contest, sweepstakes, or giveaway. Read the fine print on the box, and there is usually a brief description of how to enter without a purchase. If it's not there, sometimes they put it inside the box (making it hard to enter without a purchase), or just h... | [
"You CAN actually. Good luck figuring out how to get the OS on there though."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Technology:"
} |
how can BP pay a ~$20bn USD fine if their annual profit is only ~$4 bn USD? | [
"The simple answer is that BP has $32 Billion in cash and short term investments on hand to pay off the $20 Billion it owes. Also possible that BP will pay some fraction of the total amount it owes each quarter or each year for the next decade or two."
] | [
"$16 billion net income out of $476 billion in revenue. That's a profit margin of 3.4%. Total assets for Walmart is about $205 billion. With the inflation rate at 1.7% this year, they will need about $3.5 billion just to cover the inflation. That leaves about $12.5 billion in true profits, a measly 2.6% margin. A... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does Soda cost so much less than water? | [
"Does it? I get water out of my tap for about 700 gallons for a dollar. Bottled water is more expensive because it's been found that people are willing to pay that much for convenience, but water itself is quite cheap in the US at least."
] | [
"Because is costs them money to bring that signal to you. Why does a gas station charge you 99 cents for a bottle of water when it falls out of the sky for free?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Entertainment:"
} |
How much more light we will get if the moon is coated in mirror-like surfaces ? | [
"About eight times as much. The reflectivity of astronomical bodies is called albedo. An albedo of 0 means the object reflects no light, and 1 means it reflects all light. The moon's albedo is 0.12, meaning it reflects about one eighth of the light that hits it."
] | [
"It's reflection from the sun, it's no different than why the moon shines. In fact, the moon shines so bright despite being as dark as asphalt, that's how bright the sun is."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
why is it that sometimes in the city I live in I see pigeons with toes missing or just swollen knobs for feet quite frequently? | [
"Pigeons in cities are in contact with a lot of dirt and bacteria from litter and such. As a result they often succumb to infections which rot their feet _URL_0_ They can also get their feet tangled in things like fishing lines, cutting off the circulation and damaging their feet"
] | [
"Random stuff. Dirt, bug bites, weird nerve or skin stuff like growing or healing, hairs touching stuff or blowing in air currents, terrible diseases you don't realise you have. Could be anything really"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Do people of a darker skin complexion attract more sunlight and because of that are hotter outside in the sun? | [
"Technically, yes. Melanin is the pigment that gives people a darker complexion, and therefore absorbs more heat. This might seem counterintuitive, but ultimately, the heat is not the damaging factor here, UV is. Melanin helps to dissipate UV radiation, thereby helping prevent skin cancers. Its production is stimul... | [
"Because the upper layer of skin is dead anyway. That dead layer of skin absorbs a lot more of the radiation from the Sun than it would if it was lightly colored, which helps protect the skin beneath it. This is white dark skin people don't get sunburn nearly as easily as fair-skinned people. Darker-skinned people ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
how a penis can get erect, maintain proper circulation without increasing the blood pressure appreciably in the rest of the circulatory system? | [
"The arteries leading into the penis dilate, resulting in an increased profusion of blood. The veins leading out of the penis are constricted by muscular action, restricting the ability of the blood to flow back out of the system into the body at large. This also explains in part how a priapism can be dangerous, as... | [
"It's a relaxant, it relaxes your muscles. Including the muscle that restricts blood flow out of the penis."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why does the United States military have bases in other countries but other countries don't have bases in the United States? What are the odds of another country putting a base in the US? | [
"A lot of countries host bases for other countries. There are a few advantages to this. First - Base leases usually come with money. Most countries like to have money come in. Second - Base leases usually come with favors or otherwise improve relationships between the countries. Want to influence a powerful country... | [
"The first one would mean the US is invading Mexico. You can't just take an army and go into another country and blow shit up and kill people. Mexico has their own police that should do that, and they partner with Americans and get support from Americans all the time. Similar thing with the second situation. State... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why does commercial real estate stay vacant when they could just lower the price of rent? | [
"Commercial real estate often deals with long-term leases - 5 years rather than the 6-12mo leases you see with residential. There is often a significant amount of work that will be done, often by the land lord, customizing the space for the needs of a new client. Also, in business, you seldom want to deal with the ... | [
"Prices are high because it still sells quickly. If no one will pay the asking price for a house/apartment then it either sits on the market or they lower the price until someone will pay it It's supply and demand. Most big cities are in demand so it's really easy to sell a house or apartment in them because there ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why isn't solar power the most used source for electricity? | [
"Because it's the least dense form of energy available to us. You can only get about 150 watts per square meter out of sunlight. That's barely enough to run a lightbulb. Solar power is plentiful and free, but *very* paltry unless you want to spend billions to pave over whole states with PV arrays."
] | [
"Sure, you could use it to make bio-diesel and then use diesel generators to make electricity. It's more than possible, it could be engineered. However, there are less expensive ways to make electricity, like solar panels or wind generators. We have no shortage of energy, economic factors balance which sources are ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why does "End Now" rarely work? | [
"\"End now\" is basically the same thing as trying to close the program by clicking the \"X\" in the top corner. It's the operating system sending a message to the program that says \"hey, stop what you're doing please.\" If the program's already frozen, that means it's not taking any commands. It's caught in some ... | [
"Example of where upvotes didn't do the trick?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does CISPA keep coming back? | [
"It only takes a single Congressperson to introduce a bill. There's no reason to believe that CISPA is going to go anywhere, but there's no way to stop one of the 425 members of the House of Representatives from introducing it."
] | [
"Please help me understand why this vote is occurring in the first place? Why would the Scottish people want to separate from the UK?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Government and politics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Government and politics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Controls in the cockpit of a commercial flight | [
"i suggest you read this pdf _URL_0_ and read this little guide _URL_1_ but basically, you have the throttle, which controls thrust of engines, which accelerates your plane. rudder pedals (feet) move the rudder, which makes your airplane go left or right in a horizontal plane. then you have elevators, which are con... | [
"This very innovation is available for light aircraft - only last month it saved the life (and plane) of a forward-looking human being."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do you reverse engineer the ingredients of a chemical formula? | [
"Well, you can use a gas chromatograph to measure the different elements and ions in the mystery substance. That's not totally enough information, so then you'd have to look at how those \"lego blocks\" might be arranged in a stable molecule. Sometimes there are a couple of possibilities. When you get it down to a ... | [
"You can think of it like a recipe. It's a set of instructions on how to do something."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are we adverse to rats? | [
"Where there are people, there are rats. Where there is waste, there are more rats. While rats are fairly clean animals, they are often seen searching through waste for either food, or a place to live. As a result people often associate them with filth. After the Plague (fleas on rats leading to the deaths of so m... | [
"Better question: why is there censorship at all? Are we really supposed to be ashamed of the fun bits of life?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Biology:"
} |
Can documentary and news personnel be held responsible for not disclosing information to the government about the illegal things they report on? I.E. Drugs Inc., Vice News. | [
"No. There are journalistic protections thanks to the First Amendment to the Constitution. This gives a freedom of the press that protects them more than ordinary citizens when doing their job."
] | [
"\"Obstruction of Justice\" or \"Impeding a police investigation\" are the usually the charges level against those who knowingly lie to the police during an active investigation"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does the giant ice cube in my cocktail melt at a nonuniform rate? | [
"The ice probably has air in it, even if it is pockets smaller than a bubble and therefore hard to see."
] | [
"Because water expands when it freezes. When it melt, it contracts. Either way, it displaces the same amount in the glass, so even if the ice poked up above the rim of the glass, no water would be spilled. What are they teaching in junior high physical scince classes these days?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
If espresso is essentially concentrated coffee why is it less acidic? | [
"The resulting liquid has much less time to absorb any acidity from the grounds. Since you are sending pressurized steam through the grounds instead of just letting hot water drip through them, it results in a less acidic brew"
] | [
"Because most coffee you drink is hotter than room temperature, so in comparison to what you expect the coffee to feel like, a coffee at room temperature would feel cold. But we usually drink milk from the refrigerator so when it's a room temperature it's hotter than what you expect. And the reason why coffee is us... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Language and culture:"
} |
If a bedroom has a 60 watt lightbulb and one of the walls is a full-length mirror, does the reflection become like a 2nd 60 watt bulb? | [
"No the light of the lamp goes in all directions The reflection on the mirror is just a fraction of the light from the original light source"
] | [
"Because it is far, far brighter. Imagine your computer on a 1x1 meter desk with 10,000 watts worth of halogen lamps shining on it. That is how much artificial light you need to have the same effect as sunlight. I have a 150W halogen desk lamp; it's crazy bright; you'd need 65 more."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
why do the progressive states keep middle/southern america around? | [
"There does not exist any sort of way to \"ditch\" states. We even fought a civil war, at great cost of life, to prevent it from happening. The only way to make it possible for a state to leave the union would be to pass a constitutional amendment, which would require (among other things) 75% of the states to agree... | [
"hate. at this point these numbers are exaggerated severely by the shit voter turn out for young people and liberals"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about History:"
} |
How does stainless steel remove smell of garlic off your hands? | [
"The volatile compounds that cause the smell in garlic, onions, etc. are sulfur-based. Most stainless steel in kitchens contains chromium. The chromium oxide attracts the sulfur molecule and draws it off of your skin"
] | [
"Because it is hard to drink enough in one hour to wash the smell and taste of Corporate America off of you."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
ELI5: Why does Windows let me in instantly if I enter my password correctly, but take anywhere from ten seconds to a full minute to recognize when I type it incorrectly? | [
"This is actually done on purpose. The computer knows right away that the password is wrong, but it forces a waiting period before allowing you to try again to prevent someone from being able to sit at your computer and rapidy test dozens of different passwords to try to brute-force their way into your account."
] | [
"Typically, it involves guessing the password. Or, if you've re-used the password on a site that isn't as good at security as Google or Facebook, some other site gets hacked and they try the same username/password combination elsewhere. There are two things you can do to really protect yourself. First of all, use a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does the 5th amendment say that people can't be a witness against themselves in a court of law? | [
"> Was there a history of asking defendants to testify against themselves? Not so much \"asking\" as \"torturing into confessing.\" I'll try to dig up an old law review article about it, but that clause was largely created in response to what has been seen as coercive attempts to force people to testify against the... | [
"It means that the government can't put you on trial twice for the same crime. If you're acquitted (not guilty) the first time then they don't get another chance. This prevents the government from repeatedly prosecuting the same person over and over until they get the outcome they want. It's one of the rights (US) ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How can hardcore Christians be against both birth control AND abortion when preaching abstinence doesn't work? | [
"Because how well the policy works doesn't matter to them. Abortion is a sin, contraception is a sin so the only available birth control option without being a sinner is abstinence. The fact that this policy causes a lot of pain and suffering, creates generations of perpetually poor people and that abstinence educa... | [
"Abortion- hella controversial, but you asked What else. The other issue- Providing birth control is seen as a sin and/or encouraging pre-marital sex. The whole thing boils down to conservatives and others against women's rights trying to take away rights and impose control over a woman's reproductive rights."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why is radioactive waste such a massive problem? Why can't we just shoot it into space? | [
"Because there is a lot of waste, space travel is expensive and if a rocket fails you get showered in radioactive waste. Maybe once we have a space elevator installed that would be a viable option."
] | [
"We do not have any process to cause radioactive materials to decay faster. That means the best we can do is try to either seal it up, or move it somewhere else then seal it up. One way is to use certain types of plants which like to absorb radioactive materials. It makes the plants radioactive, but it sucks the r... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
What is so special about kobe beef, and why european or american herds can't produce it? | [
"Just like there are different breeds of dogs, there are different breeds of cows. Kobe beef comes from a Wagyu cow. European or American farms can't produce it because Kobe beef comes from Kobe. If it doesn't come from Kobe, it's not Kobe beef. Same thing applies to Champagne. Champagne is a region in France. Spar... | [
"Think of it like this. How does steak differ from other cuts of meat? The answer is that it is soft, supple, juicy, and has good fat balance. So what happens when we cook steak? Well it toughens, the juice evaporates, and the fat renders out. What this means is that the textures you are paying for that separate i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do credit card companies that offer those "5% cash back" deals that require users to activate a different category each quarter need to be so secretive/mysterious what the future categories are? | [
"The idea of those promotions is to get you to put more money on your credit card - you're supposed to think \"Ooh, I can save money on *x*, but I'd better buy it now!\" If they announce those promotions in advance, it encourages you to put off purchases instead, which is the opposite effect of what they want."
] | [
"Customer Loyalty programs ensure that customers keep coming back to your store. It's like a sandwich shop that has a \"buy 10 get 1 free\" deal. These days, it also helps them collect data about who is purchasing what. Getting your phone number gives them a single unique identifier so they track your purchases and... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Explain to me what reverse racism is, LI5 | [
"Racism is preferential treatment based on race, typically by a majority against a minority. Reverse racism is preferential treatment based on race, by a majority against *in favor* of a minority, to avoid the appearance of regular racism. For example, let's say two people are up for a promition, a white guy with 1... | [
"Can someone explain to me what the fuck I am reading"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does a “power nap” give you more energy than waking up slightly later? | [
"REM is also known as deep sleep. And you want to stay there. It's like being really focused on something, then having someone disturb/interrupt you. You're groggy and don't know what's going on. You go through stages of sleep. It takes different amounts of time to get into each stage, and some stages allow for eas... | [
"You don't need to go through a full sleep cycle to experience benefits from napping because your brain does different things at different stages of sleep. REM sleep (which takes about 1.5 hours) is important for making new connections in the brain and solving creative problems, but you don't need to do that in ord... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do some churches only believe in the King James Version of The Bible? | [
"Many churches want to ignore the fact that you'll end up with errors when you translate things from ancient languages, because they want to claim that the Bible has no errors in it. The problem is that most modern English Bible translations will openly tell you about translation errors; there are little footnotes,... | [
"Mormons are not even considered Christian by most other Christians because they have a different scriptural text that they use to run their religion with the book of Mormon. It is very similar as to how Christians are not Jewish because we have a different scriptural text that we base our religion on."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why does a small dome light drain a huge car battery over night, yet a couple of AAAs can power a significantly more powerful, non-LED headlamp for days? | [
"A car starter motor takes a lot of power. It has to turn over the engine enough times to cycle every piston and try to start each spark plug firing properly. You can leave a light on in your car for a day or two, but it'll drain the battery down too much to have enough power to turn the engine over. Plus you have ... | [
"You are using the battery of the car that is running, along with the alternator (generator) to start the other car because it's battery is dead. If both cars have similar size batteries, one car will charge the other's battery enough to start the car. I have a Chevy Silverado with an oversized batter, I nearly al... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why are the EU trying to remove memes? And how will they go about enforcing this? | [
"It's not that the EU is specifically targeting memes. It's that they want to go after hate speech or subversive speech, and are using this copyright law as a stepping stone. The way the law is written, it will require companies, like Reddit, to automatically examine every item uploaded onto it, be it a comment, li... | [
"More or less a way for corporations to literally be above the law and do whatever they want, among other things. Cross your fingers it doesn't go through."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How is it that we can drink a lot of liquid and still be dehydrated? | [
"You have this hormone called anti diuretic hormone (ADH) that binds to a certain part of your nephrons in your kidneys. ADH enables your kidneys to reabsorb more water (a small but important percentage) as opposed to keeping it filtered and headed toward the bladder. Those beverages block ADH and that extra water ... | [
"I believe the tired feeling you get is from being dehydrated. Drink water."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How do elevator systems determine which elevator to send when there are multiple that are equidistant away? | [
"The scheduler will find all elevators that are idle or moving in the proper direction already. From there, it will score them for which one should go. The score is going to be mostly distance based, but it could also be programmed to favour an elevator in motion. It may also factor in some sort of 'wear and tear' ... | [
"It's already been said that the doors close so that the elevator can immediately respond to another call. However almost any modern elevator, particular those in office buildings, have time based prediction which means after you step off and the doors close the elevator won't stay on that floor, if nobody calls it... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why can hunters kill bucks freely but require a permit to shoot does? | [
"Well, I'm not sure you can hunt anything without a permit, but let's put that aside. They don't release (as many) permits for female deer, as they are critical in breeding, and it's a 1 to 1 relationship. ie: for every 1 new dear, it needs it's own mom. A buck can mate with many does, so if there are fewer bucks ... | [
"It's likely to be easier to kill the rhinos rather than to subdue then and remove their horns."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Following on from the blood type question, please ELI5 whether there's any truth to the theory that different blood types should eat different foods. | [
"No. Food you ingest is broken down to components way before it comes into contact with your bloodstream. Even then, blood (the liquid part of it - blood plasma) only carries it to target cells and the antibodies on the red blood cells (that are responsible for blood types) have nothing to do with food components ... | [
"For the same reason people have different eye colour, hair colour, skin colour, height, weight and build. Blood type is a genetic variation like all of those. As different populations live far away form each other for long times, differences in them start to appear due to random genetic mutations. Blood type is ju... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How does having a higher than normal blood-alcohol content level impact what kind of medical care a person gets when they have a serious injury or medical emergency? | [
"Alcohol is technically a poison, and has a lot of different effects depending on time of exposure. Immediate alcohol poisoning is one issue, long term alcohol abuse has others. Some immediate effects are: - thinned blood: Your blood flows more easily and will clot slower. Doctors will therefore be more cautious w... | [
"A injury is classified as someone who got hurt in the event but not killed. The difference between injured and critically injured comes down to how bad the injury is. Someone is considered critically injured if there is a moderate to high chance that they could die from it. Mortally injured is when the person will... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why is it that most if not all torrents for major games are no longer on popular torrent websites after only a few months of release? | [
"Honestly, your not looking hard enough. A quick search on TPB turned up what your friend was looking for. For brand new games they need to be cracked first. That usually happens pretty quick. But once a developer sees it up their going to find a way to bring it down. Or set up a nice honey pot. Not all developers ... | [
"Many people kept mirroring the content of pirates Bay site to keep it alive, not so much with kickasstorrents. On a global scale, pirates Bay is more known and popular than other torrent sites"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does hydrogen peroxide make your skin itchy? | [
"Hydrogen peroxide is quite a reactive molecule, commonly used as a disinfectant in low concentrations for cuts as it kills bacteria. It is also a really good bleaching agent. Unfortunately, hydrogen peroxide will also react with skin, especially in higher concentrations and can cause unwanted reactions. When thes... | [
"The reason why it foams is because blood and cells contain an enzyme called catalase. Since a cut or scrape contains both blood and damaged cells, there is lots of catalase floating around. When the catalase comes in contact with hydrogen peroxide, it turns the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into water (H2O) and oxygen ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why people get happy when there is water on another planet, isn't it possible that aliens could live without water? | [
"We can divide up all possible life into two categories: life that needs water, and life that does not need water. We know the first group exists, because we, and all other life on earth, are part of that group. The existence of the second group is pure speculation. So while no one denies the possibility of the sec... | [
"If a giant meteor hits earth right now Humans go extinct. If we are living earth and mars a giant meteor could hit either and we'd keep on living. It's not a matter of knowing mars will be more habitable when earth isn't. It's about increasing odds of survival. In truth though if we do it it'll be just to say we d... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about science:",
"pos": "Represent the document about science:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does a dehydrated brain cause a headache? | [
"Your body is filled with veins and arteries, including your brain. These veins and arteries can get wider or thinner depending on what’s going on (cold/hot, too much/too little water). If you have WAY too little water, the veins and arteries shrink so much that your brain shrinks, and tugs on your skull. Source: ... | [
"Alcohol is a diuretic: it makes you pee. You've probably noticed that. Even drinking something like beer, you pee out more than the water that was in the beer. So, you pee a lot, you get dehydration. Common symptoms of dehydration? Headache, nausea, muscle pain, exhaustion. Also known as a hangover. How do you tre... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it that food has to be refrigerated to keep it from germs, but if our body catches a cold it gets germs? | [
"When our bodies get cold, our immune systems get weaker. So cold viruses have a better chance of infecting us (especially when everyone around you is sick). As for food, bacteria tends to breed best between 40-140°F (5-60°C). So it's best to keep food below 40°F"
] | [
"It does kill a lot of bacteria if you heat the food up enough, but a lot of the ill feeling from food poisoning is based on the chemicals the bacteria release instead of just the actual living bacteria. If the world ends and you need to eat a bunch of rotten old meat microwaving it will make it so it won't give y... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What is going on in Nevada primaries and why are people so mad? | [
"There were 64 Sanders delegates who were ineligible based on the information they provided the State Democratic party. Of those 64 only 8 of them showed up to the convention to dispute this and provide documentation. [Only 8 Sanders delegates were denied credentials at NV Dem State Convention; no impact on result... | [
"The do get coverage, but there are a few reasons why they don't get as much national coverage... 1) Very few races are actually competitive. Between gerrymandering of House districts and states' entrenched political slants, maybe 50 of the 470 Congressional seats are actually races of any kind. 2) The races that a... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why American healthcare is so obscenely expensive. | [
"One reason is that the supply chains for medical products contain a number of middle-men and very opaque pricing terms. Thus - $500 for a bag of saline (_URL_0_). Healthcare providers also charge much higher prices for insured people, knowing that they are less price-sensitive given that it isn't an \"out of pocke... | [
"Fat food is cheap, healthy food is expensive."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How understanding some basic psychology and realizing the subconscious reasons behind your thoughts influences what you think | [
"Probably depends on the person. For some people, recognizing that you are embedded within physics and biology, that you have the psychological drives that you do because your ancestors were selected by evolution accordingly, can apparently be a real hit to the self-esteem. All your perceptions and thoughts are gov... | [
"It's controversial, but basically there's the idea that your executive function diminishes throughout the day. It makes it so that being deliberate with your thoughts is more difficult, giving way to automatic thought, which for some people is unhealthy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why doesn't our body circulate blood throughout our bodies when we get cold in the same way as when we are doing physical activity of some sort? Wouldn't it help keep our fingers and toes safe from frostbite and things like that? | [
"The body reacts to keep the most blood and body heat in your core and vital organs. If you lose a finger to frostbite you still live. If a vital organ shuts down you don't."
] | [
"When you first get under the blanket your body begins to heat up, as it no longer has to work as hard to stay warm. As a reaction, it expands blood vessels near the surface of your skin to shed extra heat. The only problem is most of that heat gets trapped under the blanket. When your body registers that it isn't ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Health:"
} |
How did we receive images captured by The Voyager I? | [
"Radio waves. It sends it by a transmitter and then very big receivers pick it up."
] | [
"There are orbiter probes that serve as relays. Currently, the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and the Mars Express missions are the primary means of communications relay with the surface."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Science and Technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Science and Technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post about Science and Technology:"
} |
Considering that the translation of a certain language does not exist yet, where and how do the translators get their knowledge without anything to base from? | [
"There are a few ways. There are rosetta stones, something written down that contains the same text in more than one language. Using the clues and indicators here they can deconstruct the way the language works and begin to translate. If there is a person that speaks the language. For example if I met a French pers... | [
"It is because, sometimes, some things and concepts are better described in one language and don't exit in the other. This happens more often in the things we use daily."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What would happen if an adult injected themselves with fetal blood? | [
"What is this question even? If the blood type were compatible, nothing would happen unless the adult needed a blood transfusion. In that case it would help. If the blood type is incompatible, it will reject, and *bad things* happen. Please don't harvest or try to harvest fetal or infant blood. They need it more th... | [
"With current technology, you cannot viably grow a healthy, working organ ready for transplant from stem cells. Maybe in the future though."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
What is the point of the hymen? | [
"In females, much of the reproductive system is formed from structures called the Mullerian ducts. Males have these ducts during development, but they eventually atrophy (waste away). As a result, males don't have a great example of an equivalent structure. In females, the Mullerian ducts are used to form the uteri... | [
"What makes you think there is an additional reason?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
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