query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1 value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Why do white shirts become transparent when water gets on it? | [
"The opaqueness of white shirts is due to the thin material having a few millimeters of space from the skin and light diffusing in that short distance. When a white shirt is wet it sticks to the skin. Since there is no space to diffuse, you see the skin."
] | [
"It's not about the blood, it's about the material the blood is getting on. Clothes are very prone to stain in general due to the fabrics involved. The fabric will absorb the blood the same way it absorbs water, soda, wine, etc. You skin isn't absorbent like that."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Whys there always a line for women's restroom? | [
"fewer spots since they dont have urinals and stalls take more space. and they take longer to go, with the pant dropping, retucking shirts, wiping, ect."
] | [
"a better question would be who thinks it's a good idea to go to times square on NYE at this stage?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Difference between GPU and CPU | [
"The instruction set that a GPU core is smaller and more specialized than that of a CPU, and is not well suited to tasks that a CPU can perform. Imagine the task of finding out how many leaves are under an oak tree: I could task an engineer to build a leaf counting machine, like the bill counter they use at the ... | [
"MR is Memory Recall MC is Memory Clear M+ is Memory add M- is Memory subtract Think of them like the Copy and Paste for the Calculator."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why has "squirting" had a rise in porn in the last few years, surely girls could always do it, what suddenly made it popular? | [
"I think, and this is of course only what ***I*** think, is that a large part of the phonographic industry is based on the reaffirmation of gender roles in regards to sexuality. There is a fairly common notion that stereotypically-speaking, women are supposed to be sexually desirable and men are supposed to be sexu... | [
"I think its mainly down to the sexualisation of the female chest compared with the male chest. A topless man isn’t seen to be sexual, compared to a topless female. Its been that way for a long time, so it will probably take a long time before it equals its self out. Just my two cents though."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Biology:"
} |
The American tipping culture | [
"I don't know all the details but alot of it involves you working to get a tip based on your service to the customer. If you don't do a good job you'll get a small/no tip, whereas if you go above and beyond to be helpful, fast and friendly, then you get rewarded for it."
] | [
"This isn't an explanation but newfoundland Canada also has a half hour time zone"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is primer needed for a paint job? Why not just use paint? | [
"1.Better paint adhesion 2. Protects the painted material 3. Prolongs life of paint 4. Hides imperfections or former paint color that can bleed through It is a pain in the butt step but if you have ever tried to turn an olive green room to canary yellow you will get it. Also if there are any oily/greasy spots prime... | [
"Paint is paint. But certain kinds of paint stick better to things than others. Latex or oil-based paint is good for painting walls of houses (inside or outside). But it doesn't stick well to metal. The water-based formula will actually start rusting the metal. Car paint is usually something strong and has no wat... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
If it takes 8-12 hours to digest food, how do some foods make my stomach upset almost instantly? | [
"Because you're not digesting it. Your stomach has sent the \"Purge\" message to your brain. Your brain then sends the message to your digestive tract to open all gates and let the express train through. It will also flush a bunch of fluid into the system to help is pass more quickly."
] | [
"Think of it like alcohol. It's about how your stomach and body will process it. If you take it with food, it will digest and take longer to release in your system. If you have an empty stomach, it will go right into your blood."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do we laugh? Specifically why do we have a physical reaction, such as chest heaving, when we laugh rather than just "feeling" happy? | [
"Most humor is the juxtaposition between what we _expect_ to happen and what actually happens. Take the (lame) joke: > Three men walk into a bar; none of them ducked The humor there is that you expect it to be a drinking establishment, not a physical barrier Now, the idea is that this humor reaction evolved in us ... | [
"When you tickle someone, it triggers a panic response. The person consciously knows they are in no immediate danger, but sub consciously they feel attacked. This makes for the uncontrollable body movement and laughter. When you tickle yourself, your conscious and sub conscious agree, you aren't going to harm yours... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Psychology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage about Psychology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How do gigantic heavy ships not sink in the ocean? What exactly keeps them afloat? | [
"I did an interesting experiment for a science class one day. Take a pan of water, fill it up to the very brim. Put a larger pan under it. Now, put an object into the top pan which will float. Some water will fall over the edges of the pan into the container below. You should find that the amount of water running o... | [
"Consider, why can't a swimmer swim into the sky? Because there is no water in the sky, and the water is what supports the swimmer. Airplanes \"swim\" through the air. The air is what supports them. So they can't fly somewhere without air."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
What is Grooveshark and why is it being sued? | [
"It's similar to pandora, though I don't know what kind of arrangements they have in terms of paying licensing fees. They allow for a more specific selection of music, and allow you to create playlists as if their entire library was your own. Think of it as a cloud-based napster. They have a desktop app as well as ... | [
"Any authority is much, much more likely to go after the host of the stream rather than an individual user who watches it. Legal? No, it's not. Going to get you into trouble? Unlikely."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
- is there a line between giving advice and victim blaming? If so, where is it? | [
"The problem is that, when people give advice like that, it's always directed at the victim. This is why things like the [Don't Be That Guy campaign](_URL_0_) sound so weird; everyone's happy to offer advice on how to avoid being a rape victim, but nobody ever offers advice on how to avoid being a rapist. As a cons... | [
"If it's OK for me to do it, it has to be OK for everybody to do it. If it's not OK for everybody to do it, then it's not OK for me to do it either."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why can't we dispose of solid waste by tectonic subduction zones. | [
"The United States MARPOL act would prevent this. Subduction zones are also constantly moving, meaning trash would spew out and damage the Eco system surrounding it. This might all ready be happening. I saw a redditor say something about the gulf of Mexico being filled with trash which is sad."
] | [
"They use the energy of the recharger to reverse the chemical process. Some chemical processes are reversible."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why does the door close so loud when I have a window open? | [
"When you close the door, a bunch of air is displaced, and it has to go somewhere. If you don't have a window open, the only place the air can go is to rush out the door gap as you're closing it. This is difficult to do, and so the air forms a higher pressure \"cushion\" which prevents the door from closing as hard... | [
"I don't do that, but I've found that if I open the front passenger window a little bit and the window behind it a little bit, there's a nice (fairly quite) circulation in my car, with a slight breeze on the back of my neck. Anyone here do what OP said?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Automotive:"
} |
How does low sodium salt work? | [
"Some of the salt is replaced with potassium chloride which has a similar taste and the benefit of potassium which can be difficult to get in your diet. There might be other substitutions that I'm not aware of."
] | [
"* There is a lot of salt in ice cream * Salt lowers the freezing point of water and allows you to make ice cream instead of a frozen milk ice cube * Your body needs to maintain a specific balance of salt and water to survive * More salt means you need more water"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
the difference between an LLC and S Corporation. | [
"The short short answer is that an S Corp is more complex and has stricter rules on how it's governed, but gives tax benefits."
] | [
"Pty = Proprietary = shares are privately held, not publicly traded. Ltd = Limited Liability = the shareholders are not personally liable for the company's finances. The general term for this is [private limited company] (_URL_0_). In the USA the closest match would be a LLC."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does fear seem much more intense during sleep paralysis than typical nightmares? | [
"Another reason is that you continue breathing as if you're asleep (aka slower and shallower than if you were awake). This causes a perceived lack of oxygen (you're used to breathing more deeply when awake) and is one reason for that \"suffocating\" or \"weight on the chest\" feeling as well as the terror."
] | [
"It is normal for the body to become paralyzed during REM sleep. This is known as REM atonia and it prevents a person from acting out their dreams and hurting themselves. Normally, when a person wakes up this paralysis is switched off and the muscles can move normally again. Sometimes for various reasons (stress, l... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Does a stronger sound wave eliminate weaker sound waves? | [
"It can't really eliminate sound, but it can drown it. Our hearing has a very high dynamic range, meaning that there is a huge difference between quiet and loud sounds. The speaker in this case could easily have 1000 times as much sound pressure (30 dB more), and your ears would adjust to that. The voice would sudd... | [
"If a wall is solid, how can you hear a noise from the other side? Energy can still get through the dead cells to the nerves that respond to that energy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Science:"
} |
How does muscle relaxers not stop muscles needed to live. IE: your heart | [
"Imagine any drug you take is like a key and that key can only fit into certain keyholes (receptors) on certain doors (target organ/tissue/nerve etc). There are different types of muscle relaxers (keys) that open certain doors and causes a reaction to occur behind that door (this is the drug action). This is how th... | [
"The drug capsasian speeds up your heart. I assume you are also mouth breathing to control the heat in your mouth. Hyperventilation can make you dizzy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why electric cars are not regular thing? | [
"Range anxiety. The typical gasoline-powered vehicle has a range of about 300 miles, and can be refueled in mere minutes. The typical electric vehicle that is affordable by most consumers (i.e. below $30,000 per car) has a range on the order of 80-100 miles, and takes a long time to recharge, and often needs electr... | [
"Fueling stations was a big hindrance for hydrogen vehicles We already have a nationwide system of gasoline stations, and a nationwide electrical grid so everyone can always find gas for their car near home or charge their electric car at home. Tesla ran into the issue of range and charging stations as well, but th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Energy and transportation:"
} |
What is the difference between 'affect' and 'effect'? I am 21, but desperately need it explained to me like I'm 5. | [
"Effect: the result of an action. NOUN Affect: to influence something. VERB \"How did it affect you?\" (How did it \"influence\" your response?) \"What caused that effect?\" (What caused that result or reaction?)"
] | [
"Can someone explain the question to me like I'm five?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What kind of prison would a transsexual go to? | [
"In Texas you are sent to the prison of your birth gender and usually put into a special cell block where you don't have a roommate. I was a guard in the early nineties, and one person came in with male anatomy and breast implants. He identified himself as a woman but still had a penis, so there was no way he was ... | [
"It's illegal in a huge number of jurisdictions already. Where do you live?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why does my laptop slow down over the years? what is happening to the processor? | [
"It can be a lot of things. Older laptops tend to have a lot of junk data installed, lots of background processes users aren't even aware of. Sometimes small errors have snuck in the operating system. All of this can be solved by formatting it and reinstalling your laptop. Another thing is that programs and website... | [
"Perhaps your laptop needs a RAM or processor upgrade. Perhaps you are running too many processes/programs simultaneously. Perhaps your laptop, which I'm assuming is older than your tablet, has accumulated some malware/spyware. Perhaps you need to update your flash or shockwave player. Perhaps you need to update yo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Technology:"
} |
Why are there first and third world countries, but no second world? | [
"There used to be. \"Third world\" these days is kind of code for \"poor,\" but that wasn't the case. First world was the US, the UK, most of Europe... the not-communist countries. Second world was the USSR and their allies, those evil scary commies. Then third world was everyone else who didn't have their act toge... | [
"The United States are *not* the wealthiest or most advanced country on the planet. And what exactly do you mean by anxiety?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why reddit has so many 503 (busy server) errors so often? | [
"There are times when we're coming online in droves...6,292 are on (ELI5) now. For me, that says time to go...somebody else needs a turn. I'm not sure of peak use times, but it's Saturday morning here ...we're just getting up and before we go out, gotta check Reddit. Same thing on workdays...early check-ins, checki... | [
"From our standpoint as users, nothing at all. From Reddit's standpoint, one of them means the backend computers told them \"sorry too busy\" and the other means that the backend didn't respond at all."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What's the difference between firearm calibers ? | [
"Caliber just refers to how large the diameter of a round is - it doesn't reflect the length/shape/mass of the bullet or how large the casing is. A [.50 BMG](_URL_2_) sniper round is incredibly long compared to the much smaller [.40 S & W](_URL_0_) handgun round. [Here's an image of them side by side](_URL_1_). Lo... | [
"Several uses: 1. They do reduce the sound signature of a gunshot which reduces the risk of hearing damage. Most also change the tone (frequency) of the shot which may further reduce hearing damage. Some models/manufacturers are better at this than others. 2. Less noise pollution from gun ranges to annoy neighbors.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about gun silencing:"
} |
Why do the United States have such a big problem with internet providers ? | [
"You hit things right on the head in your first paragraph. In many areas there are no options about your provider. This is usually in areas with lower population density where it wouldn't be very profitable for a second company to come in. Satellite internet is always an option but if you want to stream anything or... | [
"You made the mistake of thinking that the primary intention of the US government when going to other countries is to promote freedom."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why do we rub our face when we get tired? | [
"Do you mean rubbing your eyes? I haven't heard of people rubbing their faces. However, we rub our eyes when tired because it stimulates the [oculocaridac reflex](_URL_1_) which slows your heartbeat. This is relaxing if you feel very tired, and also \"prepares you for sleep\". Tired eyes also get dry very quickly, ... | [
"Why do the glands in my neck burn like high hell when I'm holding back tears?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What happens in the US when federal laws clash with state laws? | [
"The U.S. Constitution does have a \"Supremacy Clause\", which makes federal laws trump state laws. However, it also says that the federal government can only pass laws about certain topics. You might hear someone say the federal government has \"enumerated powers\", and that means it only has power over the listed... | [
"That justice serves until death and can swing how the court interprets constitutionality, potentially impacting just about any statute the government passes."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why does water stain silk? | [
"Two reasons: * Many dyes that are used on silk are water soluble, which means that the dyes can run if you get water on it. * Silk fibers become more delicate when wet, and, especially if you're rubbing the fabric, can slightly damage the fibers in a way that causes the fabric to look stained."
] | [
"Because it contains fat. It will leave a grease mark on anything it touches. When the bologna goes splat, the fat ruins the matte."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why does the skin on male genitals darken? | [
"You might want to hold off on the explanation. Your nipples and penis get darker when you go through puberty. The sex hormones cause a surge in Melanin (which is the pigmentation in your hair and skin)."
] | [
"It's not staining, it's pigmentation. It isn't always brown either. It's the same sort of thing that causes the skin around nipples to be a different color than the rest of the skin."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the passage about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
What would happen if the world started spinning in "the other" direction. | [
"Slightly off topic but there's an interesting documentary about [what would happen if the world stopped spinning.](_URL_1_) I think there might be a small segment init about your question. Either way its a good watch. **Edit:** [Here's a short video on the same subject by VSAUCE!](_URL_0_)"
] | [
"From where you are sitting, do you know which way is East? Look that way. If the Earth stopped rotating instantly, you and anything else not attached to the ground would fly off in that direction at up to 1000 miles per hour (highest velocity at the equator, lower velocity as you move away from the equator until d... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about writing:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about writing:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Climate science:"
} |
How do Dyson Air Multiplier fans work? | [
"Some other very intelligent people and I stared at one of these fuckers in Best Buy for a good five minutes before figuring out that it wasn't magic. There's a fan in the base. The rest just shapes the airflow. It comes out of this nearly invisible ring-shaped hole that goes all the way around the big round part."... | [
"Do you know how a fan works? If so just turn it around"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What does 6.2 Litre V10 engine mean and how does it affect the performance of the car? | [
"6.2 litres is the volume of the engine. V-10 means there are 10 cylinders, arranged in a V formation. Generally, the bigger the volume of the engine, and the more cylinders, the more powerful the engine is."
] | [
"Because different vehicles have different needs, different load levels, different speed ratios, perform different task. Your Toyota Yaris doesn't need the same tires as my SS Camaro."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Automotive technology:"
} |
How is the timing of self-dissolving sutures controlled? | [
"So when your doctor was considering what kind of sutures to give you she had to keep 3 things in mind: the thickness of the suture, the elasticity required by the suture, and the decomposition rate of the suture. Naturally dissolving sutures will only be dissolved by enzymes in the body because they are made from,... | [
"Samples are taken, if necessary (for biopsy, etc). The rest is incinerated."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Is regularly "waking up right before the alarm goes off" done by the body's internal clock? If so, how can it be so accurate? | [
"Iirc most alarms make a quiet click before going off. Your brain registers this as part of the actual alarm sounding, waking you up to deal with it. Cellphone alarms don't make this sound which is why you don't get fully awake just before your alarm goes off. Instead your brain tends to pop you out of deep sleep w... | [
"Your sleeping/waking patterns aren't linear. It's not a tank of gas that's being drained until it finally runs out and you fall asleep. Tiredness has a 2.5-3 hour cycle that it goes through, just like your sleep. If you find it hard to wake up in the morning, setting your alarm half an hour earlier may make it an ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the answer about Sleep and fatigue:"
} |
Why do we have to put air in tires? Why cant we just have completely rubber tires that do not get flat? | [
"Solid rubber tires are hard, uncomfortable, and don't conform properly to they don't perform aswell. You can get some solid rubber tubes for your bike but I hope you keep the receipt."
] | [
"Those things have holes in them for the air to escape. So they have to replace the air that is lost. Why are there holes? Think of a balloon, if you slam a balloon against the wall (analogy for kids jumping on castle) the balloon will burst. But if the balloon is not tied, when you slam it the air will escape and... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Automotive technology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Automotive technology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Does eye color affect vision? | [
"I have heard that people with blue eyes are more sensitive to sunlight (more likely to squint and/or need sunglasses outdoors). Someone please tell me if I'm wrong."
] | [
"What source says that alcohol is bad for your teeth?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How are 3D graphics rendered in order to get a cel-shaded or painted effect such as in Breath of the Wild? | [
"I'm not sure of the full details of the main question so I'll let someone else approach that but I can help with your bonus question. If you imagine a face of any object as having an arrow pointing up at a right angle this is called the normal. [Here is a cube](_URL_2_) with face normals shown. There are 3 others ... | [
"Most of the computer generated movies are children's movies, and so there have been stylistic decisions to make them not look realistic. But if you compare things like model and texture detail, lighting accuracy, etc. in those movies, they're actually much more complex than the 30 fps games you're playing on your ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why my laptop battery will take an hour to reach 90% but then take another hour to cap to 100% | [
"ELI5 Option (this is off my vague understanding, might be incorrect). Imagine a battery is like a cup, and your charging source is a fat pitcher of water. When you first start pouring the water, the cup is empty so you dump it all in there because well, it's nearly empty and easy to control. As you get near the t... | [
"It doesn't matter. It automatically regulates power supply to prevent anything from damaging the battery; for instance, when the phone reaches 100% it stops charging, and only starts charging when it falls below like 98%-95%."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why does it seem to take humans many more "tries" to get pregnant, while many wild animals seem to mate once and reproduce? | [
"Different reproductive systems. The vast majority of animals *only* mate when they are already ovulating. Some are induced ovulaters even. Meaning that the very act of sex makes them ovulate. In humans, mating is more of a social / partner bonding thing, so we also mate when we are not ovulating and there is absol... | [
"Nothing particularly special about dogs other than the fact that we *want* to breed them and they do it fairly quickly. They move from birth to sexual maturity in about a year so you can squeeze in a lot of generations fairly quickly. This means you can get more generations in and show change faster than something... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do people get "stuck in their ways"? | [
"Because it's easier to fool a man than it is to convince him he's being fooled."
] | [
"I read this as \"why do people forget their hopes and aspirations so quickly?\" :("
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
What is the link between the neurotransmitter GABA and anxiety disorders? | [
"GABA is an inhibitory NT, meaning that it blocks certain synaptic activity including the same receptors that help anxiety which we use Valium or Librium. They cause chloride ions enter the neuron causing less synaptic activity."
] | [
"Downstream signalling in the brain causes an increase in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine which in turn causes dry mouth by decreasing salivary gland activity"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Is there a real difference between deodorant and anti-perspirant or is it just marketing? | [
"It's in the name. De-odor-ant is designed to mask or get rid of a smell or odor. Anti-perspir-ant is designed to stop you perspiring by interrupting the sweat gland. Deodorants are alcohol based and kill the bacteria that grow but also partially stimulates sweating. This isn't a concern though as the bacteria are ... | [
"Cologne is how perfume is marketed for men. Aftershave is for preventing infections after shaving. It may have ingredients that numb skin a bit (so it doesn't hurt that much) and almost all have some fragrance. Deodorant is for killing body odour caused by bacteria that eats sweat. Antiperspirant is a type of deo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
The difference and classifications between military ships; frigates, destroyers, carriers, etc. | [
"Corvettes are small attack ships. Frigates are medium-sized attack ships, Destroyers are larger than Frigates. Cruisers are larger than Destroyers. These are called 'surface combatants' and are meant for fighting enemies directly. Carriers are in a different category since they aren't meant to fight directly but i... | [
"Marines: front line, spearhead troops that specialize in assault and amphibious landings (though this is less important today). Navy: ships, submarines, transport the marines."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
why do software versions always have decimals? What do the decimals mean? Why not version 3 instead of 2.7.10? | [
"The decimal places often denote major , minor, and patch releases. Major releases usually have lots of features added or significant changes / improvements, minor releases may have a single feature added while patch releases may only have defect corrections for example."
] | [
"The problem is that it's doing the calculations in binary and can only store a limited number of digits. 0.1 can't be stored exactly in binary, in the same way as 1/3 can't stored exactly in decimal. You get rounding errors similar to the problem you'd have dealing with 1/3 in decimal: 1 - 0.333333 - 0.333333 - 0.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Watching the World Cup, I see many soccer players touching the back of the heads of each other. What does this gesture mean? | [
"It expresses a \"no hard feelings\" sentiment. You usually see it after one player gets called for a foul on his opponent. He helps up the fouled player, and apologizes if the tackle hurt him."
] | [
"Crossing of the fingers is a Christian religious symbolism. You're making the cross shape with your fingers. When someone tells a white lie and crosses their fingers, it was to protect you from going to hell for lying."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is the difference between a Function Call and a Function Definition? | [
"Function Definition: You define what the function will do when you call it. Function Call: You call the function to do what you defined previously. 🙂"
] | [
"> Class A description of some \"thing\" has can hold values and do stuff. > Object What you get when you actually make a class real. > Method A way to tell an object to do something, and possibly return a value. > Variable A name that can refer to some sort of value or object. > Constructor A special method th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why do streetlights in the distance twinkle like stars, when the ones nearby seem to glow consistently? | [
"The air in between you and the street light is a moving mass of uneven temperature. As the light moves through it, it gets bent which causes the twinkling effect. The same thing is going on with stars. When the light is closer there is less air for it to move through and so it gets bent less."
] | [
"By using contrast. Your eye adjusts itself to a specific level of brightness, anything a lot dimmer than the brightest thing you can see will appear as black. Imagine taking a glow stick and holding at arm's length towards the sun. It would appear dark, even though it would seem to glow brightly at night."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about science:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about science:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Why are September, October, November, and December not the 7th, 8th, 9th, and 10th months? | [
"They were, in the Old Roman calender. Then they were modified to make a more accurate, Julian Calender. Then that got changed again by the Church to create the Gregorian calender."
] | [
"Because we started counting centuries at 0. Year 1 was in the first century, 101 in the second, 701 in the 8th, 2001 in the twenty first. EDIT: added word “centuries” for clarity"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why can't skaters do backflips in the olympics? | [
"two reasons: because it's dangerous, and when they land, their skates damage the ice more than just a \"normal\" jump would."
] | [
"Does it spiral the other way in the southern hemisphere?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why do the words terrific and terrible have different connotations? | [
"They both came from the same Latin root, as someone already explained. The meaning of words and phrases in language changes over time. Another interesting development is the relationship between German and English and their tendencies to use \"negative\" words with \"positive\" ones to make something \"extra\" goo... | [
"Sometimes it's the same word that evolved into having two or more different (but related) meanings. For example a \"wave\" is a repeated fluctuations, just like when you wave your hand (you move it side to side) or ocean waves (the water moves back and forth). Sometimes the two meanings are far enough from each ot... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What is the difference and punishment between treason and high treason in the U.S.? | [
"Treason is against the country, and High treason is against the current sitting monarch. The US has no monarch so it has no High Treason."
] | [
"Sure, same as anyone else: > Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levying war against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on confession in open court. It w... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are weightlifters generally more into motivational posts online, compared to other athletes? | [
"Because bodybuilding is not a team sport, when you're in the gym 5-6 times a week by yourself you're going to need motivation more than somebody who can look up to their team mates and better players in the same club."
] | [
"Men have much higher body strength because of their higher testosterone levels. This means that for the majority of sports where body strength matters, men will outperform women consistently. So, to make it fair for women to compete, they compete against other women, and men compete against other men."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are there only 7 visible cubes in a hypercube. | [
"there are 8 visible cubes in the 3d representation of it. One on the inside. 6 for each side of the inner cube. and the one that contains them all.. Take a look at [this](_URL_0_) to see what I mean."
] | [
"It would be a [3-sphere](_URL_0_). And the fourth dimension in those graphics is a spatial dimension."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
What about smoking cigarettes is calming? | [
"When the body wants nicotine it will drive you nuts until you get it. When the body gets it fix the cravings go away. Also when smoking deep slow breaths are taken which is also calming"
] | [
"And also why does it happen after smoking marijuana?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph about Biology:"
} |
Why do they turn of the cabine lights on take-offs and landings on airplanes? | [
"For safety. These are the two most dangerous times in a flight. However unlikely, if an accident were to happen, by having the lights off, your eyes will already be adjusted to the outside levels of light, ready for the evacuation."
] | [
"Planes are thoroughly inspected before every flight to ensure everything is ok. Do you inspect your car every day before your commute to work?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
If Somalia was a failed state how did the borders stay intact and not be taken over by neighbouring countries | [
"Why would they want it? Seriously though, the surrounding countries were probably a bit too busy with their own problems and the international community would have had something to say about it. At a minimum there would have been a very strongly worded letter."
] | [
"Just *because* they can control it. No country wants to cut away a constituent part of it so long as it can still be managed without negative consequences. Apart from controlling a ton of people in Tibet and gaining access to what resources it has, it also also allows China to keep an eye on the rest of Central an... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
Why the US is allowed to shutdown websites such as Mega-upload? | [
"Because the relevant assets were inside the jurisdiction of the governments that did the seizures. A website hosted inside Germany using the .de ccTLD of Germany is safe from the USA because all of its assets are inside Germany. Germany can take action against them, though."
] | [
"Torrenting isn't illegal. Sharing certain things is. Also - they have been shut down, and are facing criminal charges. You can host anything on the internet, you just need to find a place where those laws don't exist. Recommend watching 'TPB AFK' - documentary on them"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How did reddit manipulate Google image results of Comcast to display a swastika? | [
"You post the image, with the title including \"Comcast\". The longer it stays and the more popular the image is, the more likely it is the google bot will pick it up, and place it closer to #1"
] | [
"Short answer, users from fatpeople hate were going outside of their subreddit (and outside of reddit completely) to harass/witch hunt people, while users from coontown have not been shown to do that. This is exactly what happened with users from fatpeoplehate: > The way Imgur works is that they have their own \"u... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
I'm afraid to tell my husband I've never seen Star Wars before. Can someone give me a cheat sheet of the main characters and plot? | [
"If you need to explain to your husband that you've been off sleeping with NBA All Star Team I can help you out, or that you've sold off a kid on the chinese black market...I'm your man. Need to break the news that you've mortgaged the house to support your heroin addiction? I'm there for you. But this? No way. Can... | [
"What do you mean, you tried but got lost? Do you mean you watched some episodes of the [current] third season of a show and had no idea what was going on or who any of the characters were? Well yeah, obviously, try starting with season 1. Or do you mean you started watching the first few episodes and didn't unders... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do apostrophes appear as ' & #39;' on many internet forums after copy/pasting? | [
"This is URL encoding. According to the standard for how you name web links you can only have \".\" and \":\" and \"/\" and a few other characters in it. So any other special characters that you may want to feed into a URL are encoded like this to keep browsers and servers happy. In the same vein, similar tricks ar... | [
"It's a joke on HTML tags. If you were setting italics in HTML, you would put an \"open italics\" tag at the beginning of the section you wanted italicized: < i > At the end of the section, you'd put a \"close italics\" tag: < /i > - the slash indicates the end. So when people type /s it's the close tag for sarcasm... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
At what point does a fertilized egg or an embryo gain consciousness or awareness that its alive? | [
"If you're talking about self-awareness, then around the age of two assuming you follow the mirror test as a valid test of self-awareness. Basically, you show the child a mirror. If they think it's another child, it's not self-aware. If it recognizes the image in the mirror as themself, they are self-aware."
] | [
"Because the whole point of the abortion debate is at which point the embryo/fetus becomes a being whose rights are to be defended and has nothing to do with whatever economic benefits that may come from its practice."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why in Islam and Judaism its followers can't eat pork? | [
"Pigs and humans are genetically very similar, to the point where you can do organ transplants. Many of the bacteria, parasites, etc will therefore find humans a similar host. Two tribes are near each other. One eats pork, the other doesn't. The tribe that doesn't suffers less illnesses and the people are healthie... | [
"Are you asking why Christians don't hate Hindus?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How do cartoon shows like The Simpsons and Family Guy increase the overall quality of animation over time? What changes? | [
"They got bigger budgets due to popularity. Also, the early seasons used hand-drawn animation made for 480p analog broadcast, while now they are computer animation rendered in 1080p."
] | [
"A lot of them originally came about during darker periods of US economic and political climates. They gave people something to distract them from the reality. A lot of truly great stories have taken the form of comic hero arches and many artists have created amazing pieces of work. There are now people who either... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Entertainment:"
} |
Why is it whenever I stand up too fast from sitting on the couch, my vision becomes slightly impaired (or I start seeing only black) and I become dizzy? | [
"Interestingly, the Mayo Clinic offers a [description of that dizziness, but no reason for it](_URL_1_) My guess would be it's a combination of two things. One is the sudden movement of standing which jostles the fluid inside your inner ear. Your ear uses that fluid to detect movement, orientation, and help with ba... | [
"When you hit the back of your head, you're hitting the part of your brain that perceives vision, this can temporarily disorient you and cause little \"stars\" to appear in your vision"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Health and Wellness:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Health and Wellness:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are there so many Saudi princes? | [
"Because each one takes on multiple wives and has many children... so prince has 20 children, and they each have 20 children you end up with many, many princes in the royal family."
] | [
"Why would you think there are any? Have you been to them?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
Now that we know that "spooky action at a distance" is a confirmed phenomena of the quantum world, what does it mean? | [
"By the way, this is the lab who did the research and the experiment. _URL_0_ I am an engineer in that lab, work never feels like work just one science playground"
] | [
"Nobody has been able to provide a satisfactory explanation for how it works. There's a lot of hubbub in pop-science about pushing against the \"quantum foam\", but that's not really a meaningful concept. Both classical and quantum mechanics as we understand them conserve momentum, and if this drive works the way t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do they make 'normal' cars that go faster than the speed limits? e.g. Hyundai i10 that goes up to 150mph | [
"Because otherwise it's not very sympathetic to the car's mechanical parts. For instance if you say \"Well my highway has speed limit of 70mph so I'll buy a car that has a top speed of 70mph\". Well great, but in order to do highway speeds you then have to be absolutely hammering the engine, with your foot plaster... | [
"And often the dashboard is not only used for a specific car. Think of the same model with different motors. Some can only go to 115 but a bigger engine may can go to 150 mph. And that's not only for the same model. Even different models from the same brand can have the same dashboard. While most of those dashboard... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Please explain how a one-way mirror works. | [
"Very simple explanation here, with ilustration (its the second topic): _URL_0_"
] | [
"See this post: _URL_0_ It has a definition for basically every type of road."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why are there so many more shootings, attacks, and bombings in Europe than the US When the US is more actively involved in destabilized regions than countries, for instance, like France? | [
"1. There aren't more shootings in Europe than in the USA, but there are more Islamic terrorist attacks, which I presume is your point. 2. Europe is more populous than the USA, the EU alone has over 500m residents. More people = more stuff happening. 3. Europe is closer to areas of unrest and shares land borders le... | [
"It's not that Middle East has such a history of violence. Rather industrialized countries have a remarkable period of peace. Historically Europe for example has been wars, wars and wars. Some have said that the last time Europe had relative peace like EU has was under the Roman Empire almost 2000 years ago. After ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
On USA Taxes, how much do you need to donate to charity to receive more than the standard deduction? | [
"The standard deduction for most single people is $6300. In most cases, they should itemize if their itemized deductions are more than that. One way to do that would be to donate more than $6300, of course, but people can also deduct sales taxes or state and local income tax, as well as their mortgage interest, rea... | [
"Only if your itemized deductions will exceed your standard deductions for your filing status. Here is the standard deduction based on filing status: Single - 12k Married filing jointly - 24k Head of household - 18k If your itemized deductions are bigger than the number above or if you give to charity and you can ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
How can a plane 'disappear' without knowing its location, when i can track flights live from my phone? Malaysia Airlines MH370 imparticular | [
"Exactly the point and why this is a serious problem, OP."
] | [
"Flight 93 had wreckage spread all over a field in Pennsylvania. None of the experts have suggested that it MH370 vaporized like Flight 93 because all of the experts know that Flight 93 didn't vaporize."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How do TV shows translate word play based jokes for viewing in other languages? | [
"depending on the circumstances, it's rewritten slightly. usually there's a surprisingly fitting equivalent you can come up with. the languages more similar to the show's original language, tend to be more likely to have an equivalent word/wording for it. but then sometimes, the joke just doesnt work anymore and th... | [
"They are ads that are shown in multiple countries. The voices are dubbed over with the native accent so the viewers relate more with the people in the ad."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
EL15 Why can I effortlessly touch-type but I am unable to recite the order of keys on my keyboard without looking. | [
"The same way Eric Clapton could play a blistering guitar solo, but be unable to recite all the notes of that solo to you one by one."
] | [
"Because you've been typing for a long time, so you have the muscle memory built up. If you start doing more basic tasks with your left hand, eventually you will become good at those too."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Cognitive psychology:",
"pos": "Represent the text about Cognitive psychology:",
"neg": "Represent the text about science:"
} |
Why does being tickled give such an intense feeling of almost urinating? | [
"Judging from your post history (sorry) you're an adult woman, so it makes sense that you don't quite understand the sensation. That's the start of the ejaculation reflex. What you do with that knowledge is up to you."
] | [
"Related question: why does it feel so GOOD to crack a joint? There's like a palpable relief sensation, what causes that?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is the sun orange? | [
"First, the sun isn't orange, it's brilliant white with a hint of yellow. It often appears orange in photos because the people that are studying it take pictures and movies of it through special lenses or using cameras that detect light in the parts of the light spectrum that we can't see, such as infrared or ultra... | [
"One of these is not like the others."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is water the thing we look for on other planets to determine if life could have existed there? How do we know water is necessary for other types of life? | [
"We don't, its just the only type of life we know to look for!"
] | [
"> We will obviously never reach it Not with the technology we have now. But who knows what we'll be capable of 20 years from now, or 100 years from now. We're exploring space the best way we can, which is through observation. Focusing on Earth-like planets is a logical step in searching for other life forms. If li... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about science:",
"pos": "Represent the text about science:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How does an autonomous vehicle decide who dies in an unavoidable crash? | [
"They aren't that complex. They just try to stop the vehicle and avoid collision as best they can, they don't make assessments of likelihood of death. Once they can it will likely be legislated to judge in a certain manner."
] | [
"Trains are difficult to stop. The horns are really loud to bring awareness to their presence. It's easier for a car or a pedestrian to move out of the way than it would be for the train to make an emergency stop."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If a female is born with a third nipple, will she develop a third breast during puberty? | [
"No, there's no breast tissue. Superfluous nipples are more like moles than breasts. Source: I'm a guy but I have 3 extra ones."
] | [
"Nipples actually form before the sex of the fetus is determined. So they are developed just in case the fetus develops into a female."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is there so little advertising targeting/encouraging women to buy things for the man in their life? | [
"Simply that men make a larger share of the household income. However in advertisement there is a heavy emphasis on mother's for groceries and household products"
] | [
"Rule number one of business is know which demographic you're targeting. As it happens, a lot of the people who go out and get groceries for their family also masturbate to Fifty Shades of Grey."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
how did the US become so dependent on China-made goods and what persons made it happen? | [
"In the 60s and 70s, Regan reduced the taxation of capital gains over 1 mil from 70% to 30%, loosing a good portion of tax revenue, reducing education subsidies and creating a poorly educated and unskilled workforce. Entering the age of globalization and technology starting in the 1980 through the present, a new gr... | [
"Huge damage to our economy. A huge percentage of Americans are employed making things that are sold in other countries. A huge percentage of the things Americans buy are made in other countries. Quite a few of the products American companies make use components are tools from other countries."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
UV Index. It's 110 in AZ with a UV index of 1 and 88 in Chicago with a UV index of 5. Will you burn quicker in Chicago?? | [
"Yes you will. Sunburn has little to do with air temperature, it is the amount of UV radiation that reaches your exposed skin. You can get sunburn in the middle of winter, you are just less like to, because spend less time outdoors and have less skin exposed to the sun."
] | [
"Humidity. The higher the humidity the warmer and muggier everything feels and vice versa. That’s why 100 degrees F in Death Valley feels better than 80 degrees F in Florida"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
how do oven mits and pot holders work? | [
"They don't transfer heat very well. Metal transfers heat very well because all of the molecules are packed very tightly. When one side of a piece of metal gets hot the fast-moving molecules will bump into other molecules and transfer that heat to the other side very easily. But, pot holders are made up of cloth wi... | [
"Here are two extra questions: 1.What would happen if you jammed the door catch and started microwaving with the door open? 2. When I microwave olives (delicious), they sometimes spark, does that mean the seeds have metal in them and should I not be doing this without parental supervision?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
What happens if the member of a jury notices something during a trial that they need to be addressed to make a decision? Can they ask questions or try to get something addressed? | [
"The exact details will depend on where you are, but in general a juror can ask the judge a question about a point of law, typically by passing a note rather than just asking in front of the whole court. They can't usually ask a witness a question. Their role is to make a decision based on the evidence presented, n... | [
"Discussing things in the jury room that you have been instructed not to discuss is a good way to find yourself in contempt of court. If something is brought up in front of the jury that the judge feels is inadmissible but would be impossible for the jury to ignore he can declare a mistrial. Generally though there ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why do houses get more valuable over time? | [
"It's the land, not the house. the real estate the houses are build on are what rise in value. it's location relative to local services, schools, businesses, etc. houses do generally drop in value, you're right. that's why people remodel rooms or the entire thing. at least, that's the traditional wisdom. i'm not a ... | [
"If a New York City home costs over $700,000, how are working-class people not all homeless in NYC? Similar answer. 1. They can get a loan and pay for it over time. 2. They can lease it from the person who owns it."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How clothes shrink in the dryer | [
"As a sheep owner who got tired of answering the question \"Why do sweaters shrink when they get wet, but sheep don't shrink in the rain?\" I wrote [this short response](_URL_0_) Basically it's the heat from the drying process and how it affects the shape of the fibers."
] | [
"Instead of water, dry cleaning use other liquid chemicals to wash your clothes. You can do a search if you're interested to see what chemicals are used. In most cases, you can safely dry clean clothes that are for normal wash, but it's probably not a good idea because (1) it costs more to dry clean stuff, and (2) ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does it seem that there are no revolutionary artist in the likes of DaVinci, Picasso, Van Gough, etc. in modern day art? | [
"Picasso and Van Gogh were modern artists. Even if you mean more recent than them, there are plenty of artists art history might consider \"revolutionary.\" Warhol, Rauschenberg, Pollock, de Kooning, Kahlo, Dali, Duchamp, and Bourgeois are just a few that come to mind. A lot of art is only recognized as \"revolutio... | [
"It's kind of hard to tell whether something is a movement when you're in the middle of it, but we recently wrapped up modernism. Just 50 years or so ago, we had Picasso, Jackson Pollack, Andy Warhol, and a lot of other high profile painters/sculptors. I'm not sure what movement we are in, (Postmodern? Contemporary... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How come some drinks taste better out of a bottle than a can? or is it all in my head? | [
"Coke: Can Dr Pepper: Bottle Barq's (Root Beer): Bottle Mountain Dew: Can Source- Caffeine Addict"
] | [
"Some glasses help create bubbles. Some glasses allow a greater surface volume so the wine can oxidize or breathe. A good wine takes a lot of care to make and the right glass helps not ruin that. However I am guilty of drinking wine out of a plastic glass many a time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
where do mosquitoes sleep? | [
"Outside, they hangout under leaves on low level vegetation like bushes and weeds, etc. That's why keeping your yard cleaned up will help with mosquitoes because it limits the area for them to hide."
] | [
"Mosquitos actually favor certain blood types over others. Your scent has something to do with it too. Bananas are known to increase your yummyness as well. Location too. If you pass by grass that has dormant mosquitos, they're more likely to be like 'noms are here.'"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Heidegger's Being v. being | [
"Check out the /r/askphilosophy subreddit. They can explain it better, but perhaps as if you were ten and not five."
] | [
"Try bitterly divided by David Williams and also plain folk in a rich mans war by David Williams."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is it hottest when the sun begins to set instead of when the sun is at its highest point? | [
"The atmosphere takes time to heat up and cool down. While the sunlight may be more indirect in the afternoon, the atmosphere overall has been exposed to more sunlight at that point than it has at noon. Right at Noon, you've got \"most direct light, preceded by almost direct light, preceded by indirect light. At 4i... | [
"In the winter the sun spends more time lower in the sky. It's actually less bright since the rays are traveling through more air, but it's in your eyes more than in the summer when it is higher in the sky."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How could whatsapp knows that I may have new messages even without internet. | [
"Simple answer: they don't. They likely just want to entice you to get back on the platform. At most, they run a machine learning algorithm on the frequency at which you receive messages and store this locally in each person's phone, thus over time, predicting with some accuracy if you'll get a message."
] | [
"they send the mail not instantly, they hold it back for a moment. if you decide not to send the mail it had never left your mailbox."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
At its core, how is science not a belief? Essentially, how is it any different than a religion or any other human based concept. | [
"Sounds like you're interested in the questions covered in the [philosophy of science](_URL_0_)."
] | [
"Science does disprove some aspects of Christianity in a literal sense, such as creationism or witchcraft. However Christianity is a very broad term of a constantly shifting set of practices, beliefs and concepts. To disprove it as a whole is all but impossible."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How do asians differentiate amongst people based on their countries? | [
"The same way everyone else does. You have difficulty telling Asian nationalities apart because it's not something you do on a regular basis. There are visible ways to tell, and people who are exposed to a wider diversity of Asians know. But then they might have difficulty picking up the differences between say a E... | [
"They're not different races, they just have different skin colors, not unlike people who have a different hair or eye color or are a different height than their sibling. If anything their case shows the absurdity of using skin color as defining factor for race."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why was Alcatraz closed and why don't we reopen it now. | [
"It was closed because it was super expensive to run. Why do you feel the need to be more separated from violent criminals than high security prisons already provide? In reality escapes are super super rare, and they get rarer as prison design improves. There isn't really a benefit to shipping people off to an isla... | [
"If there had been, we probably wouldn't know about it, would we?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
How do Football players get more concussions than rugby players when they don't wear helmets? | [
"because in football more players get hit in the head way more often vs rugby players. by wearing padded \"armor\" it gives players a false sense of security so they act more reckless."
] | [
"I don't understand your question. Professional fighting is a legitimate sport and the necessary precautions are taken so the fighters don't get seriously injured. Sometimes they do, but that's no different from other sports. In fact, fighting is a relatively safe sport. Basketball, soccer, ice hockey and football ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is the difference, chemically, between Isopropyl Alcohol (Rubbing Alcohol) and Ethyl Alcohol (Liquor)? | [
"Rubbing Alcohol gets broken down by your body and turned into poison. Due to having a different chemical structure, Liquor is broken down differently by the body, and is relatively safe to consume in moderate quantities. tl;dr: They are different substances. Alcohol is a family of similar molecules that have a s... | [
"What do you mean by \"types of alcohols?\" Do you mean Vodka, Gin, Run, etc or do you mean ethanol, methanol, butanol, etc?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about alcohol and behavior:"
} |
What exactly is medicine (capsules/pills) made from? | [
"That will depend on what you are taking. For example, looking at my bottle of ibuprofen, the active ingredient (the actual drug) is 200 milligrams of ibuprofen. The inactive ingredients that make up most of the pill include such things as anhydrous lactose (dried milk), iron oxide (red dye), cellulose (wood pulp) ... | [
"Medicine tends to be formulated into tablets with the minimum additives possible, as they may affect the action of the drug. So they are just chemicals - salts, alkaloids and etc. which taste bad. Don't believe me? Well whatever you do **don't** go to the cleaning products and sample other raw chemicals. Please ju... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why do American's feel so strongly about the right to bear arms? As an Aussie, the only people I know with guns own weak shotguns for hunting geese, pigs ect but not for protection at all? | [
"Its a concept that is hyper ingrained into US culture. The idea was that the US founding father got sick of British oppression, picked up their muskets and declared war. Now of course the truth is more complicated and less romantic, but regardless the US was born on the back of the minuteman, the citizen with a gu... | [
"It was still a lot harder to get a gun in Australia compared to the states, even before Port Arthur and the buyback scheme. For one thing, to get a firearm license in Australia you've always needed to have a demonstrated purpose for it, the most common being: - Agricultural need (you own a property and need a gun ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why are companies like Virgin or Straight Talk able to give you "unlimited" data for cheap while larger companies like AT & T and Verizon charging 150+ for a couple of GB? | [
"Because Virgin and Straight talk utilize bandwidth throttling and also use unused carrier bands from the major providers. Verizon and other Major carriers provide the hardcore backbone for primary subscribers, and then use the secondary carriers to give a cheaper option, but at reduced functionality. They may not ... | [
"I have Ting. It's pay as you go, and you only pay for what you use. They rent the Sprint towers, so its the same service as Sprint, with Sprint (or unlocked) devices and it's WAY cheaper. My husband and I had the 2 phone unlimited plan with Sprint, and our bill was $180 a month. Now we have Ting, same service, no ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
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