query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Why chemical weapons considered more indiscriminate than conventional weapons? | [
"Well, any large-scale ordinance is indiscriminate. The problem particularly with Chemical weapons is that, especially with those that are gas based, is that the actual range of the weapon is much larger than the blast radius. The Chemical residue can remain in the area for a long period of time, it can taint and d... | [
"International law states that chemical and biological weapons should never be used. If Assad drops sarin on his own people and nothing is done, what precedent does that set for other countries? Some of the Syrian rebels have ties to al-Qaeda and other terrorist organizations. No doubt the US is concerned that thes... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do people tend to hate the sound of their own voice in a recording? | [
"You're usually hearing your voice not just with your ears, but transmitted through your jawbone, which changes the sound. When you hear a recording, you just get the sound, which is familiar but *wrong*. Similarly, people tend to think they look bad in photos because people aren't perfectly symmetrical. You're use... | [
"I'm with KingRobotPrince here, I like how my voice sounds deeper when I have a cold. In fact, when I get that voice, I record the greeting on my voice mail."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Language and Communication:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Language and Communication:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why did Blu-ray beat HD-DVD? | [
"The edge was that Blue Ray managed to get several big companies to use Blue Ray meaning it was less chance that your movie would appear on HD DVD. So if you wanted to watch your favorite morning cartoon, you had to have Blueray if you wanted it in the high definition format. Shortly thereafter, Toshiba conceded de... | [
"It wouldn't be in Sony's best interests have total control over Blu-Ray because they can make a lot more money licensing the technology to other companies. EDIT: forgot to proofread."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What's the difference between facewash soaps and regular soap? | [
"Facewash does not contain soap, which is the point. First off, soap has a pH-level way above your skin, which screws up the balance and can make bacterial growth increase and in turn cause acne. It also contains a fair range of thickeners which clog pores, also leading to acne. Lastly soap will get rid of so much ... | [
"Try using soap or body wash on your hair, it will make it dry, rough, and damaged. So, actually, don't do that. Using shampoo on your skin can cause it to become slimy because of the extra ingredients. In addition, they have a different pH level. Shampoo is more acidic. When you use body wash as shampoo, it will s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
When someone is angry, what is happening that prevents them from thinking rationally? | [
"It's mostly the hormones that are released, with the biggest culprit being cortisol. Cortisol tends to bind to any open neuron, so it can effectively \"block out\" any rational thoughts that try to get through to your brain. The same response happens with people that are panicking, since that comes with a large re... | [
"They feel emotions, but don't let them impact their decisions. For example, if I get angry with you, but don't punch you in the face. It's not about turning off emotions, it's about having self-control."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
how police radars determine your speed if they are traveling towards you in the on coming lane | [
"Doppler effect. Frequencies of waves will be increased if they're reflected off something travelling relatively towards you. The magnitude of this increase is what tells the relative speed. The reverse of this (decrease, travelling relatively away, etc.) is also true. f'=[(v+v0)/(v-vS)]f is the equation."
] | [
"When they have radar on and it is within a certain degree of head/tail-on. I think it's within 15 degrees, but can't remember the exact number. The further off it is, the less accurate. And when the radar is properly calibrated, which should be done a minimum of twice per shift. When the are following the vehicle ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why do smaller downloads seem to go at slower speeds/Larger downloads at higher speeds? | [
"It takes time to establish a Connection to the server you're downloading from, which may seem longer with smaller downloads since the time it takes to establish that connection might be as long as the actual download time. Also smaller downloads usually contains a lot of smaller files instead of a few big files (b... | [
"The speed you see is always influenced by both ends as well as the pipe in between - that is, by the remote server, your workstation, and all of the network between the two. And basically no one ever gets the bandwidth the marketing materials claim. I'd just accept the 19 Mbps and live with it, myself. Also, downl... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Internet speed and service:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Internet speed and service:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Internet speed and service:"
} |
why do some people "run hot" or "run cold"? | [
"AFAIK your thyroid settles this. I also seem to be hot a lot and feel uncomfortable in situations where other people are just fine. I've asked my dermatologist why is that and she asked if anyone in my family has had issues with their thyroid(and dad had got it removed a month ago)"
] | [
"All sweat does is help regulate your temperature. If you're hot, you sweat to cool down. So yes if you don't sweat you'd be in danger. There is a disorder where some people can't sweat and always need to be in cool areas or wear ice pack vests."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What is the fifth dimension? | [
"From mathematical standpoint you can have as many dimensions as you like. 0 dimensions is a point. 1st dimension is stretching that point into an infinitely thin line. 2nd dimension is stretching that line at 90^o angle (in relation to the 1st one) towards extra dimension. 3rd dimension is stretching that square ... | [
"Why did you think this was the right sub?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What is risk premium for a stock? | [
"Beta is a systemic risk measure. It's calculated by comparing the stock's past performance to the overall market's past performance. A stock with Beta=1 goes up and down as much as the market overall. A low Beta stock moves less; it the market goes up 10% and the stock goes 5% it would have a beta of 0.5 . Similar... | [
"Weighted Average Cost Of Capital. All sources of capital, including common stock, preferred stock, bonds and any other long-term debt, are included in a WACC calculation. It is important bc it determines how much interest a company owes for each dollar it finances. Also WACC is an investor’s opportunity cost of ta... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do things like the waistband of sweatpants, the edges of fitted sheets, and the upper part of socks have such a hard time getting dry in the dryer? | [
"Essentially, the elastic in those parts bunches the material together. To dry, material needs to have air circulation for the water to evaporate off of (the heat helps). Where these areas are more bunched together they both hold more liquid to begin with and have less surface area for the liquid to evaporate off o... | [
"It is there so the towel does not fall apart over time. There are two reasons for using this stitch over the regular \"fold-and-stitch\" version: * the fabric is very thick so it would give a very fat fold at the end which does not look appealing * the frothing does not make it very easy to handle * as there is no... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Textile technology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Textile technology:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does Facebook need 60 million lines of code in order to run? | [
"Facebook is complicated - it does more than just show you things people have shared, said, liked or whatever. Facebook's real business is in handling data. Facebook know you really well. They've got a good picture of you - they know what adverts you're likely to respond to, they know what pages to suggest you migh... | [
"Facebook decided it could better target its products (that is, its users) with a separate app rather than using the main app. You are not the customer. You're the product."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
What is the purpose of having so many bones in our wrists/ankles? | [
"fluidity of movement. Your wrist and ankles have to turn in all kinds of directions, way more than say your knees or elbows, so we sacrificed strength in those areas for dexterity."
] | [
"There are a lot of ligaments, muscles and tissue holding/keeping them in place. The only 'empty' cavities in our body are in the digestive system."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why electric cars aren’t solar powered? | [
"Some do have solar panels, such as the [Fisker Karma](_URL_0_). Most manufacturers have released designs or concepts with solar panels (Tesla, Ford on the C-Max, BMW, Toyota). Quite simply, a panel small enough to fit on a car doesn't collect enough energy to power a car. A whole roof is only good for 300-400 wat... | [
"Fueling stations was a big hindrance for hydrogen vehicles We already have a nationwide system of gasoline stations, and a nationwide electrical grid so everyone can always find gas for their car near home or charge their electric car at home. Tesla ran into the issue of range and charging stations as well, but th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment about Energy and transportation:"
} |
If an asteroid was due to collide with earth, what could we realistically do to stop it? | [
"Depends on how much of a heads-up we get. We've already been able to land on asteroids and comets remotely, so it's not beyond belief to say that we could park a probe on an asteroid in a precise location and either detonate a nuke on it, run a thruster, unfurl a solar sail, or otherwise nudge it enough to ensure ... | [
"Also, if we don't learn how to live in space or successfully travel to other planets then our race is headed for extinction because at some point in the future some big rock is going to come hurtling out of the darkness... and that'll be that. We've currently got all our eggs in one basket and that needs to chang... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why does it seem like I always have to poop after drinking coffee or smoking a cigarette? | [
"Both caffeine and nicotine are actually colonic stimulants (see [here](_URL_1_) and [here](_URL_0_)), so they make the colon contract and move, prompting a bowel movement. Note that coffee also serves as a diuretic (it makes you urinate more) which can end up drying out the stool in your colon, so it's not overly ... | [
"Almost everything will make *someone* nauseous, or vomit. Will that be you? Probably not, but there's a chance. I myself can't have too much caffeine or it makes me feel nauseous. Other people, my parents for example, drink Starbucks or energy drinks like water. Instead of water, would probably be more appropriate... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How come it is illegal to smoke in the car with children, but not for pregnant women to smoke? | [
"Where is this illegal? It is fully legal here in the US so this has to be a law somewhere else."
] | [
"* You can have up to 1 oz. on you for personal use. * You can grow and sell it if you are licensed. * You can grow 6 plants for personal use. * If you are not licensed you may not sell it but you can give it away. * Minors can't possess or use it and you can't give it to minors. * You can't use it out in public. Y... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Informational:"
} |
Are nebulae flammable? | [
"No, because space lacks an oxidizer to create combustion. For combustion to occur you need 3 things. Activation energy in the form of heat, Fuel in this case hydrogen, and an oxidizer like oxygen. Sadly there is not a whole lot of oxygen in the vacuum of space."
] | [
"Galaxies are massive and shine. Planets are tiny and don't shine."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about astronomy:"
} |
What has changed in the past 5-10 years that "machine learning" is all the rage now? | [
"It sort of went like this: Cloud computing - > drove cheap storage - > allowed companies to store shit loads more data - > enabled data mining strategies that didn't previously exist - > opened up the realm of machine learning to sort through all that data. Now, nothing has fundamentally changed. Companies and gov... | [
"\"Tech\" is a very big field with many sub genres if you like. The 70-90s boom was the personal computer, 00s-10s was the the internet era and to a certain extent it's still going. The next few years will see lots of wearables, IoT and all things 3D printing related. We expect to see interesting developments and c... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does turning electronic items off and on usually fix the problem? | [
"Look at it like a chess board: After 100+ moves, it's hard to set every step back until you're in the start position. It's easier to remove all the pieces from the board and start all over. ^This ^was ^explained ^before"
] | [
"Many computers do momentarily power off when restarting. However the capacitors on the motherboard have not been lacking power for long enough to completely discharge their power and so can still hold some things in memory. Sort of like when you unplug a power adapter from the wall but the little light on the bric... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why does the same water from the shower feel warm to my body, but scalding hot to my face? (Or warm to my face and cool to my body) | [
"Mind over matter mate. Theres more nerve endings on your face so perhaps the extra sensory information is overwhelming. Just like easing into a hot tub."
] | [
"Your mouth is slightly warmer and covered in warm saliva so it warms the water up almost immediately. If you were to put an ice cube in your mouth see how fast in melts as oppose to holding it in your hand."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:"
} |
How come so few species feel "good" when having sexual actions and why/how did it develop (in humans)? | [
"I'm distinctly curious as to how you have polled the enjoyment level of sex from the majority of the animal kingdom. This seems like it would be dangerous, messy, difficult, and expensive."
] | [
"This question is outside recorded history, and probably best addressed to /r/AskAnthropology . But before asking this question I would recommend thinking long and hard about why you believe that 'fun and personality traits' and 'strongest' and 'best chance at survival' can't co-exist with each other. Moreover, why... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What happens during a CPR? | [
"You pump the heart manually, sending oxygenated blood through the body, delaying cell death until an AED or other advanced medical personnel. That's why it's just as important to breathe for them every 30 compressions. Source: Emergency Medical Responder"
] | [
"Have an \"in\" with a prominent Party member."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
What exactly is Taoism, and what are their beliefs? | [
"Religious Taoism is a blend of thousands of years of eastern traditions being blended together. Namely Buddhism Hinduism and Confucianism. Taoism honors Lao Tzu who wrote the Tao Te Ching. They may have \"odd\" beliefs like fortune telling and/or Confucian ideals that don't translate well in the west. Philosophica... | [
"It's similar to the difference between Christian and Christianity. Muslims follow Islam Islam is the religion that Muslims follow Islamic is something pertaining to Islam"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do humans have to wipe after using the restroom but other animals don't? | [
"We wear clothes. We care what we smell like. We have butt cheeks because we need large butt muscles to keep us on two legs."
] | [
"Ever cleaned a ladies room? They're animals. In the mens room, there's a little piss on the floor and maybe the toilet seat. Women do unspeakable things with feces and menstrual blood. I don't want to keep men out of the ladies room. I want to keep ladies out of the mens room."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why is it taboo to say exactly how a person died? | [
"It's a private matter & the personal business of the family. You don't deserve to know just because you liked some of his movies any more than you deserve to know anything else that's going on in their private lives. They're still people & don't automatically forfeit their private lives just because they get famou... | [
"It's not illegal to make fun of someone."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
Why are there so many riots at the time? | [
"> Syria, Egypt, Ukraine and now in Venezuela. Am i now becoming aware of them or why do they start everywhere? Syria and Egypt has been going on for a couple of years now (tho Egypt has been \"on and off\" a bit). I am not quite sure about Venezuela, but I think its been going on for a while there to, or at least ... | [
"The main reason is because of the religious background of the United States."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How did people with poor vision function in society before eyeglasses were invented? | [
"Long story short I was legally blind for about ten years I could only see maybe a few feet away. They were able to recently correct my vision to almost normal. I didn't drive, had other people read me menu boards/signs or just asked the sales person, and made some embarrassing mistakes with not recognizing people... | [
"So when and where did playing cards as we know them come into being anyways?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
why are orangutans so chill, but chimps are violent assholes? Aren't they really similar? | [
"Similar by what measure? Genetically, we're very similar to chimpanzees, but obviously there are some pretty substantial behavioral differences. Although admittedly, not necessarily in all the ways we'd like to think."
] | [
"Honestly, it's because they're really dumb and lazy. If meat grew on trees, but not too high, and the trees were fairly close to where the pandas were already chilling, they'd *maybe* eat it a bit more often. Seriously, dumbass pandas would be extinct already if it weren't for human intervention. Don't get me wron... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Now we're moving beyond 3D printing with plastics, how does that work? | [
"Anything that (1) can be extruded (e.g, a substance that doesn't have a very high viscosity) and (2) which exhibits [chemical cohesion](_URL_0_) (the tendency of a substance to stick to itself) can be 3d printed. It's not required to melt it - as long as it sticks to itself, that's enough. (Metals and plastics nee... | [
"What would people use them for? They're not as useful as you might think. You can only make certain types/shapes of objects, out of *one* material. You can't 3D print a (working) car. Or a sandwich. Or a light bulb. Right now only hobbyists care about them because those are the people that need varied \"parts\" bu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
why there needs to be another copyright law in the eyes of the entertainment industry? | [
"Because the DMCA hasn't done anything to stop piracy, pirating is so easy its remarkable that anyone pays for software, music, and TV shows anymore. Entire websites exist with the sole purpose of distributing pirated material, but they are within the law because they don't host the files. It is completely useless ... | [
"successful politics and lobbyism disney is especially successful and well connected in this, see the the history of intellectual propery laws in the US and new global trade agreements, most of it is based directly of Walt Disney's exclusive ideas and wants."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Entertainment:"
} |
How do they keep the water in water towers from freezeing dolid in the winter? | [
"For a few reasons: 1. water retains heat better than almost all other liquids. I believe only ammonia of the common liquids has a higher specific heat than water. 2. It's moving! Water towers - despite what we commonly think - aren't generally for water storage, they are for water pressure management. Moving water... | [
"Why do I feel as though my bottles of water don't do this but instead just freeze normally in the freezer?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
why western formal menswear is always white and black, with something tied around your neck? | [
"I only know about ties. They used to be functional. Weirdly, in the Croatian military during the 1600's, they used to tie the top of their military jackets together (instead of a top button) with a bit of cloth. King Louis XIII liked the look so much he made it a requirement for royal gatherings. It became fashion... | [
"Male formal attire has definitely changed, I'm bit an expert but I know that our formal wear has gotten a bit less complicated than it used to be. Do a Google search, you can probably find a lot on the history of men's formalwear"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How is Google not a monopoly, especially in the B2B section? | [
"Being a monopoly isn't illegal. Engaging in anticompetitive behavior in order to become or maintain a monopoly is illegal. To my knowledge, Google isn't involved in any behavior right now that is designed to force other companies out of the market, they're just performing better or at a lower cost than their peer... | [
"Microsoft was leveraging its monopoly to put a much smaller rival out of business."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What causes to us to wake up and forgot where we are for a few brief seconds? | [
"The brain isn't something that just turns on full power and shuts down to 0 power when not in use. It needs to warm up, and take in its new (remember you just spent hours somewhere else in your dreams) surroundings to build context and put meaning behind what it sees. When you wake up, its not like your brain is a... | [
"Because you are waking up in the middle of it. If you have someone wake you in the middle of normal dreams you remember them better too."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The Chinese Government-Is it really communist? | [
"Well at first it was trying to be hard core communist, but Mao's Great Leap Foreward resulted in them falling flat on their face. After millions died and Mao died too the government decided to go a different direction. The Chinese are communist only in name at this point, they have adopted a Free Market system for... | [
"Left-wing answer: Not enough socialism Right-wing answer: Too much socialism"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why do pimples form and why are they so prevalent with teens going through puberty? | [
"Your skin (particularly around the face, but not just there) is full of tiny holes called pores. Pores serve a variety of functions but the point of your question: Pimples occur when the pore becomes clogged with dirt, oil, or an in-grown hair. Pimples are common in teens due to the excessive natural oils generate... | [
"Sweat doesn't cause acne. Sebum (skin oil) does. Sebaceous glands (responsible for excreting sebum) exist everywhere on your skin (except the palms of your hands and soles of your feet), but in the highest concentration on your face and scalp. The hormones rushing through your body during puberty causes sebaceous ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about Health and Wellness:"
} |
What is Imperialism? | [
"A country is being imperialistic when it's asserting power over other countries through militaristic or political (usually militaristic) means. \"Imperialism\" comes from the world \"Imperial,\" which is a word used to describe any collection of states/territories ran by an emperor or other sovereign figure, also ... | [
"British Empire -- > Post-WW2 / Cold War America -- > British and American pop culture -- > Silicon Valley."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why does a 1280x720 photo look fine on a 17 inch monitor but grainy on a 4x6" print? | [
"Monitors usually have a resolution of about 96 ppi; they have about 96 pixels per inch, although this can vary. Mobile devices typically have much higher ppi as they are viewed at much closer range. Print resolution for good results is around 300 dpi, or 300 dots per inch. This is much higher than the usual comput... | [
"The printscreen image would be at the resolution of the screen you're viewing it on. So if you put a 3840x2160 pixel image on a 1920x1080 screen, the resulting printscreen image would be 1920x1080px, and therefore half the resolution of the original image."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why is it so satisfying to peel something? | [
"I'd assume that it triggers a smaller version of the dopamine rush we get when we get something new."
] | [
"And why do I have the urge to cough when using them?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Gas Station Gasoline Grades as well as additives (Techron etc.) | [
"The grades of gasoline are Octane measurements. Higher octanes ignite at a higher pressure. High performance engines have high compression, so a low octane fuel will explode too early which will mess with your engine, so they need high octane fuel. Regular cars don't get anything special out of high octane fuel. I... | [
"Essentially the only difference between petrol, other than the standard octane rating, are the additives. Additives are added during the tanker truck onloading process at the refinery. Additives specific to the oil company are added as the tanker is filled with gas. It's then delivered to your local station. [ Mod... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why you get less and less sore the more frequent you work out? | [
"The body adapts to stress after repeated exposure, and in the case of decreased soreness in exercising much of that has to do with increased efficiency in using energy, such that muscles produce less lactic acid and other fatigue signs. However, that applies most to certain ranges of motion, so for the greatest ra... | [
"Because your body is off schedule. Until you are on schedule, it will be like this. Here is how you fix it: * Wake up at 6:00AM every morning (including weekends) * Do not nap during the day * Get a decent amount of exercise each week After you do this for a few weeks, you will magically have lots of energy during... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Sleep and fatigue:"
} |
Diesel versus Petrol | [
"Diesel is combusted by a means of pressure/heat, while petrol is combusted by pressure and a spark or flame of some sort. Diesels have glow plugs instead of spark plugs and their sole purpose is to hold a specific temperature to properly combust the diesel by heating it when the piston compresses the air/fuel mixt... | [
"Turbo Charger: Take exhaust from Engine, sent it to a turbine and use it to send more air to Engine Super Charger: Take power from the Engine and directly use it to send more air to the Engine More air + More Fuel = More Power (in case you are wondering.) Source: I'm a Mechanical Engineer"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Why do planes leave trails? | [
"When things (like fuel) are burned (like in an engine), they produce three main things: Energy (used to move parts, like the turbine/propeller in the plane's engine), Carbon Dioxide & Water. The last two come out of the engine (in gas form) as exhaust. Since planes fly in very cold air, the water vapour turns into... | [
"Why do some parts of the world call gasoline petrol?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why are objects in (old) cartoons that will be animated drawn differently and so easily noticable? | [
"Old cartoons were hand-drawn on transparencies. Usually, there was a background artist who painted the background, then another artist who just drew the animated figure on a set of transparencies, one per object. These were then stacked together and photographed to make the frame. When the two artists didn't exact... | [
"You mean how they stay perfectly inside the lines? It's because the sheets the animation is drawn on are transparent. They draw the lines on one side, then paint on the backside, so even if they're off slightly, filmed from the front, the color is perfectly inside the lines. If you mean how uniform the colors are.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Animation:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Animation:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
ELI5: If I touch a puddle that has an electrical cable in it, I'll get shocked. If I throw an electrical cable into the sea, why will not everything in the entire ocean become shocked? | [
"Yes, it spreads out, and some of the energy is lost to heat as it travels as current. When lightning strikes water, it will spread out in a hemisphere under the surface, the energy dissipating with the cube of the radius. You would certainly be shocked if you were close to where it struck, because you are not much... | [
"Birds sit on just one line, and do not contact with ground or another line at the same time. If they did, they'd be electrocuted. When humans get shocked from power lines, they're either providing a path for electricity to pass between two lines, or are standing on the ground and giving the electricity a path to g... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about biology:",
"pos": "Represent the comment about biology:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
When i cut my finger, blood goes everywhere but when surgeons perform surgery, blood isnt exploding everywhere? | [
"* they avoid major blood vessels * you are anesthetized so your heart is beating more slowly * they often clamp off vessels to the area they are working on * there is a person their with a suction tube to remove excess blood"
] | [
"X-rays don't do much of any damage to you. hundreds of xrays would do damage, that's why the dentist will go often into a protective room. Its like getting single pin prick on your skin to get a drop of blood for testing. That doesn't really hurt you. but 1000 pin pricks and 1000 drops of blood might kill you. the... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why is it that our facial expressions seem to show that we are in pain while having sex, even though we feel pleasure? | [
"I think it has to do with the *intensity* of the pleasure we're experiencing. It can be overwhelming, even though it feels so good, and the body even prepares itself sometimes by involuntarily tensing up our muscles, especially when we're close to experiencing an orgasm."
] | [
"We are social creatures by nature. We are decent at determining emotion from facial expressions, as such we are prone to make those same expressions to show how we are feeling. I thought for a while it was learned behavior but blind people smile and deaf people laugh, so this is naturally ingrained in us to show o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
why is mocking the Jewish faith so common in popular entertainment? | [
"I just wanted to point out that Matt Stone is Jewish and that South Park rips every religion a new asshole, not just Judaism. They also wrote a massively successful musical called \"The Book of Mormon\" which completely destroys a particular religion. Can you guess which one? I'll give you a hint: NOT JUDAISM."
] | [
"For the same reason they're socially acceptable in movies, television, advertising, video games and literature - because they sell."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Entertainment:"
} |
Why translations on shirts and things so bad? | [
"Who says these are translations? For example, the \"Home Alone\" vs \"Mi Pobre Angel\" title change is a choice by the studio. The meme of latchkey kids isn't as common in Latin American countries, so a \"Solo En Casa\" title wouldn't have worked. Calling children angels in America would be mostly sarcastic, thoug... | [
"yeah and why is it that this never happens for advertisements and they load perfectly"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why haven't humans visited the moon since 1972? | [
"[This article](_URL_0_) covers it fairly well. The TLDR is that it comes down to budget restrictions, technological restrictions (current rockets aren't powerful enough to reach the Moon), a lack of political and public interest as well as NASA being more interested in putting people on Mars."
] | [
"We aren't really trying to colonize Mars. We haven't even sent a single human there yet."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is northern Mexico's drug trade so violent and why does it feel like no one is *seriously* doing something about it? | [
"Because the cartels quite literally own the mexican goverment. Or more specifically, the influential politicians that could do anything about it."
] | [
"Because the Cartels are extremely (and I mean EXTREMELY) well coordinated and armed and not just a bunch of thugs high on their stuff who whack anyone they don't like. They are practically a paramilitary group in how they are organized and have made usage of even computers as an art form in how they perform their ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why is it when someone drinks a cup of coffee they might get sleepy but the same doesn't happen with energy drinks? | [
"It sometimes does, especially in people with atypical responses to caffeine, such as those with ADHD. Some folks with ADHD self medicate with energy drinks rather than taking a prescription stimulant such as adderall. I’ve also encountered parents who use Mountain Dew to chill out their kid during a hyperactivity ... | [
"Almost everything will make *someone* nauseous, or vomit. Will that be you? Probably not, but there's a chance. I myself can't have too much caffeine or it makes me feel nauseous. Other people, my parents for example, drink Starbucks or energy drinks like water. Instead of water, would probably be more appropriate... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why at high speeds on a motorcycle you countersteer turns while leaning. | [
"As you're rolling forward you turn the wheel to the left Momentum continues to carry you forward Since the wheel's moved to the left you 'fall' into the space where the wheel used to be. The bike leans over to the right (the space in which you're falling) The bike's wheels draw a curve that has your 'lean' towards... | [
"Guess it's the fact that the driver knows when he shifts gears and the passengers don't. Next to that, stopping the acceleration gives a momentum which causes people to 'lean' as you call it"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
What does it mean to estimate pi | [
"Pi is an infinitely long not repeating decimal. 3.14 is an estimate to the hundredth position. 3.14159 is an estimate to the 100000th position. All finite representations of pi are estimations, and the work of calculating the next digit is to \"estimate pi to a greater degree of accuracy.\""
] | [
"Because sometimes at means necessary to be understand."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why do things that are warm or heated up have more of a scent than things that are cold? | [
"You smell things because particles of the item are floating in the air and registering in your nose. If you heat something up it makes substances more volatile. This just means that since the thing is hotter its particles have more energy, and so can escape from the object into the air more easily. Also bacteria a... | [
"What you feel is the difference in temperature. When you are in a hot tub, you feel hot, because you are colder than the surrounding water. When you get in a cold pool, you feel cold because you are warmer than the pool water. Similarly, when you have a fever you feel cold because you are relatively warmer compare... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why Tim Tebow is not playing in the NFL (especially this year with so many injured QBs)? | [
"He is not good enough to play. The NFL teams are not blacklisting him for some arbitrary reason. He is not good enough. It really is that simple, no matter how hard his fans wish otherwise."
] | [
"Denver is number one team out of the AFC, Seattle is the top out of the NFC. These two teams own the two best records in football this year. Denver boasts the number one offense (single season records galore) while Seattle boasts the number one defense. Peyton Manning, QB for Denver will be the biggest name in the... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If two different species can't breed with each other, how do we have things like the liger? (Lion + Tiger | [
"Some species are close enough that breeding is still an option. A horse bred with a donkey will result in a mule, which is sterile and unable to breed with anything else."
] | [
"[It's not always clear](_URL_0_). Generally, a species is a group of organisms that can produce fertile offspring -- babies that can go on to have babies of their own. A horse and a donkey are different species, that can breed and produce a mule. But a mule is almost always sterile, because its parents were too ge... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do companies like Netflix, Shomi and Crave TV make money charging a few dollars a month when I pay $70/month for cable and they have commercials? | [
"Part of it is that Netflix, Shomi, and Crave produce very very little of their content. They simply distribute entertainment and distribution rights are much much cheaper than production costs along with distribution rights. Part of it is the fact that there is not a middle man. The cable companies are a middle m... | [
"HBO is a premium channel, you pay a large amount of money per month to get it so they don't need advertisers. Nick and CN are advanced cable channels. You pay a moderate amount of money, so they only need a few advertisers. Many other channels are basic cable, either free or very cheap. They get almost all of th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Entertainment:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about Entertainment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Entertainment:"
} |
Why we say "Islamic" extremism instead of "Muslim" extremism | [
"Typically, \"Islam\" refers to the religion, and \"Muslim\" to the people who follow Islam. \"Islamic\" is used for anything that is part of the larger culture of Islam- Islamic art, Islamic Music, Islamic Prayers....and so on. So we say \"Islamic extremeISM\" and \"Muslim ExtremeIST\""
] | [
"\"Muslim\" refers to people. \"Islamic\" refers to everything *but* people: \"Islamic art\" \"Islamic architecture\" \"the Islamic world.\" Like that."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does lifting weights make your muscles bigger? | [
"It's not true that muscle cells divide and more and more are made. Muscle cells are generally not made during your lifetime, but instead hypertrophy and grow in size due to the stress placed on them during activity. They'll eventually have more mitochondria for better aerobic oxidation. Muscle cells can die, but t... | [
"You mean like after a workout? In ELI5 terms, working out causes your muscles to break down a bit. So when you sleep, your body uses protein to repair your muscles. But each time they repair your muscles, they get larger and stronger to accommodate the physical task. If our body didn't do this, repeatedly doing th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
why can't planes have an enormous parachute attached to the cabin in case of emergency/loss of flight? | [
"I think this will anser your question (_URL_0_) but essentially: > To safely bring down a big commercial airliner such as a Boeing 747 with about 500 people on board, there would have to be 21 parachutes each the size of a football field, says Popov. “It takes about a square foot (0.1sq m) of material to bring dow... | [
"This has been answered well by other people, and as has been pointed out, it's all to do with aerodynamics and efficiency, but there is something they havn't mentioned: Some aircraft actually DO have a wind turbine onboard. Its an emergency device to provide power to the cockpit in the event of a total power loss... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
Why we can't use salt water as toilet water? | [
"Corrosion is a big issue with salt water lines, but there is another problem as well. Cities have a fresh water system which have fresh water reservoirs, water pumps, water towers, pipes, etc. The toilet water comes from that fresh water system. If we wanted salt water toilets, then the city would have to build a ... | [
"Why do I feel as though my bottles of water don't do this but instead just freeze normally in the freezer?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
If my fingerprint was never recorded, how can I be IDed? | [
"This is true. If you were never recorded there would be no record. You'll be fingerprinted for almost any government job, any time you're arrested, or for certain types of background checks. If none of that occurred, then there would be no record. If in the show the guy they were looking for was former military or... | [
"These scanners look for certain points on the fingerprint and then convert it into a hash, a number, to compare it against the enrolled fingerprints. Not all points need to match, allowing a bad image or damaged finger to authenticate. Given the hash you can not recreate the finger print. Some scanners, like ones ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Technology:"
} |
If we were to cover the ground with enough solar panels to generate all of our electricity, would atmosphere and ground not become substantially colder leading to new issues? | [
"All the electricity we use in a year, in the world, is around 160 Terawatt-hours. This is slightly less than one hour's worth of sunlight in raw power, which is a bit over 170 TWh. Solar panels are around 20% efficient, so to generate all of the power we'd need *in a year*, we would need to use the equivalent of... | [
"Probably positive. The amount of energy absorbed and converted for human use will be only a tiny fraction of the total power that the earth receives. The biggest impact is in far lower CO2, NO, O3, and micro dust emissions, thus limitting the greenhouse effect and the smog that occurs on too many places (e.g. LA &... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Economist of Reddit, is there a behavior similar to matter, where "value" cannot be created nor destroyed? | [
"No - quite the opposite in fact. Simple case in point: buy some cheap paper, and some pencils. Then use your skills as an artist to create a piece of art. Sell it to your friend. You've created \"value\". Equally, go to your pet shop and buy an expensive pedigree dog. Two years later, the dog is still extremely va... | [
"\"Information\" in physics is basically the thing itself, or whatever distinguishes one thing from another. It is important that this cannot be lost as it is similar to the principle of conservation of energy. A more simple statement would be that things don't just disappear. If a particles is moving at a speed th... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Economics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument about Economics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
T+2, as in "Funds will be settled into the nominated merchant account with bank on a T+2 basis" | [
"For Reference - _URL_0_ T stands for \"transaction\" as in \"the day this event actually happened\". The \"+X\" indicates how many days after the \"T\" that the money/asset will officially change hands. So a T+2 transactions would mean that if you sold on Monday, the transaction would \"clear\" (ie people get paid... | [
"The auth is done when you swipe your card, this is what drops money from your account and sticks it in pending transactions. Later the merchant (usually as part of a nightly batch process) confirms the transaction which kicks off a settlement between banks. The settlement process varies by country, in the US its m... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
what does 'innocent until proven guilty' really mean | [
"True. A person is presumed innocent until proven guilty, which means that the burden of proof is on the prosecution to prove the defendant guilty, not on the defense to prove him innocent. Typically when a person is arrested and charged with a crime, they are either held in jail or allowed bail, basically handing ... | [
"Because he's not guilty of anything, he's never been charged, there's never been a trial. Regardless of personal opinion, the presumption of innocence is a legal thing, therefore he's innocent until proven guilty - hearsay and conjecture mean nothing, trial by media doesn't stand"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument:"
} |
Exactly why do Buzzfeed and Gawker and Vulture and Vice and whatnot have names that invoke such negative implications? | [
"Self deprecation is fairly popular these days. Vice is a little different in that it's always been a smaller media outlet. I've always thought of them as niche journalism though they've expanded considerably over the last couple of decades. The others are just click bait. It doesn't really matter what they're call... | [
"Because Reddit generally hates cops and the united states. It is the cool thing to do."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
How do the spiders in my basement survive considering there's no bugs for them to eat? | [
"If there are spiders in your basement... why do you think there are no other bugs for them to eat?"
] | [
"If you are seeing empty cobwebs, then the answer is that spider was not eating anything. That is why it left the cobweb and either made a new one somewhere or died. Spiders are very versatile, so they will eat basically anything they can catch. And exactly what they will catch is going to vary depending on where y... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How does google know how popular a place is from hour to hour. | [
"The same way they know how fast traffic is moving. They collect gps data from every android phone and see that there's an increase in number of phones in that location at that particular time."
] | [
"People go to get points for searches. I have 800 points right now and can get a variety of awards like gift cards to amazon, gamestop, best buy, I can donate money, enter raffles and other things. I use it to get free Xbox live. This really motivates people. I also enjoy their \"hot searches\" at the bottom of the... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why isn't cryosleep (like in Avatar etc.) available (yet?) ? | [
"The trouble with \"cryosleep\" is that we can't freeze a person fast enough. Unless a person is frozen VERY quickly, \"ice\" crystals form in their cells' cytoplasm, causing those cells to rupture immediately on thawing (obviously killing them, most of their cells are now dead). Theoretically, if we could freeze a... | [
"It's either (a) Totally over-hyped, (b) still underdeveloped and won't be ready to be widely used for a very long time, (c) it's very cost-inefficient or difficult to manufacture/use (take graphene, for example, you can't mass-produce that stuff yet,) or (d) it's totally over-hyped."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:"
} |
Why do I feel grimy after a brief nap, but not after a full night's sleep? | [
"Sleep happens in cycles and phases, a phase consisting from light restorative sleep to REM or rapid eye movement phases. When you take a nap for longer then 10-20 minutes, it goes into the REM cycle. The REM phase reacts badly when stopped abruptly much like a drop on a roller coaster. That's why the best amount o... | [
"If you're not tired, and you feel refreshed when you wake up, you are probably OK. Not everyone needs the same amount of sleep."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Health:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Health:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about Health:"
} |
Why do you sometimes wake up and your mouth feels fuzzy with bacteria, but this never happens during the day? | [
"Eating, drinking, talking, and just salivating help wash clean mouth surfaces while awake. One would hope all of these are sharply reduced during sleep."
] | [
"Your body continues to function while you are asleep. Then, you add on the fact that you are not actively suppressing the symptoms (i.e, node stuffy? blow it. Throat kinda scratchy, go grab a drink. etc) and you wake up feeling worse than you went to bed"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Why is it that we can see dim light in a dark room better in our peripheral vision than when we look straight at it? | [
"You have different things in your eyes called rods and cones. Rods are better at seeing in low light, and are generally around the outer part of your eye. Cones can see color, and are grouped right in the center. When you are in low light conditions you can see better if you don't look directly at something becau... | [
"If you take your arm and stick it straight to your right, you can probably see it way out to the side. Directly in front of them they still have peripheral vision, but their vision is more suited to seeing as many predators around them as possible."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How come right when a wound or a scab is about to heal it becomes very itchy? | [
"The physical stress of the skin stretching closed tickles the nerves that signal itching. Scar tissue being formed can also itch, due to its texture."
] | [
"Because you can't reach it to scrub it well in the shower...so it suffers from a lot of dead skin cell build up which makes it itchy. And even if it's not itchy, once it's scratched you realise it WAS itchy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
What exactly does it mean to be double jointed? | [
"It is an awkward idiom used to refer to people with hypermobility/hyperlaxity. Meaning they can flex joints much further than the average person can."
] | [
"Are you sure this is a real phenomenon? It was my understanding that people are simply trying to remove a distraction so they can pay better attention."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why is the standard of mass was named "kilogram" instead of just "gram" like any other units? | [
"It appears on my limited research that gram was originally chosen as the base unit, but then it was decided to be too small so the standard unit was changed. And I suppose to keep it simple, instead of significantly changing the meaning of a word, a prefix was added. This video goes over the history of Kilogram na... | [
"It's originally designed this way. Units in the SI system are all defined by certain basic quantities, like a liter of water or one Kelvin, or one meter and so on. ex: a kilocalorie (a calorie to all dieters) is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one liter of water by one kelvin. So it's rig... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How does a water softener work? | [
"So you need to think of water like a bus. It cruises along inside of your pipes occasionally picking passengers up along the way (Calcium and Magnesium mostly). Now Calcium and Magnesium are bad patrons. They leave a film on the bus and generally make things work less efficiently because of their disruptive nature... | [
"Are you asking how a wheel works ?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
If our brain can apply "motion blur" to fast moving objects we see in real life, why doesn't it apply the same to high framerate video or other fast moving objects on a screen? | [
"Let's pretend your eyes only register 5 \"dots\". When you don't see anything, you might see \"oooo\". If you're looking at a static object, you'd see \"Xoooo\". Something moving at regular speed would go \"Xoooo\", \"oXooo\", \"ooXoo\", and so on. Motion blur comes in when something moves across your field of vis... | [
"Because movies have motion blurs calculated into each frame. But video games can't do that. To add a motion blur to a fame, you need to be able to know what the future frame is going to look like, and in a video game that means predicting the future. - - - edits: * To demonstrate this point, pause a movie during ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Biology:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Biology:",
"neg": "Represent the document about videogame development:"
} |
How can tabloid magazines get away with making up embarrassing and shocking stories about celebrities? Isn't that considered libel? | [
"It's libel if the claim can be shown to be untrue. If the claim is true, or cannot be proven false, it's not libel. And as /u/Melon-Tester says, there are ways of wording your article so it can't easily be proven false. Another trick is to make the claim in the form of a question: \"Did Angelina Jolie snort cocain... | [
"Freedom of the Press is enshrined in the First Amendment to the US Constitution. It's a slippery slope if you start letting the government decide what is and isn't journalism. Basically, we put up with the hassle of paparazzi in order to ensure that other, more important, journalism doesn't get interfered with. It... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How can medical professionals test for evidence of a heart attack after it occurred? | [
"They use something called an Electrocardiogram (EKG) to test for electrical signals from the heart, as well as drawing blood and testing cardiac enzymes which will show evidence of a heart attack."
] | [
"It is not the size, so much as the location, number, and probable spread of the tumor. At some point, the operation is likely to do more harm than the tumor."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
What material does an electromagnetic wave exist in? | [
"No medium. Think of what medium a gravitational field moves through? It doesnt have a medium. A changing electric field creates a magnetic field next to it. That magnetic field creates an electric field next to it, and the energy of an EM wave travels through these self-creating fields."
] | [
"No, they are radio waves. Sound waves are matter moving and compressing, just like a physical water wave. Light, radio waves, and the like, are electromagnetic waves that travel at the speed of light."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do we add up chances differently? (diminitive addition) | [
"The odds of getting anything other than a 1 are 5/6. The odds of getting anything other than a 1 twice in a row is 5/6 * 5/6. Keep multiplying, and you should find that the odds of rolling anything but a 1 100 times in a row come out to be somewhere around 1x10^-10 or really fucking small in vernacular."
] | [
"Smaller numbers go in to bigger number more times. So the answers are bigger."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why did people in places like Africa develop darker skin when black absorbs the most light compared to lighter colors? | [
"Dark skin is caused by melanin. When the sun hits your skin it gets absorbed by melanin and not by your skin cells. This is a good thing because if your skin cells absorb the sun it can cause damage that can possibly lead to skin cancer."
] | [
"No, we all originated in Africa. Humans need to absorb sunlight to synthesise Vitamin D, which is important for bone growth. But absorbing too much sunlight gives you skin cancer. Humans in Africa had skin full of melanin, a pigment that blocks out most sunlight. This made their skin black, and it's perfectly sui... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
When art is stolen, where exactly is it going? Who is in the market to buy art that is known to be stolen? Are pieces just passed around amongst a super wealthy and elite black market society? & once purchased, then what happens? | [
"It's often used as easily transportable collateral among organized crime groups. Barring total societal collapse, it will always be valuable, no matter its provenance."
] | [
"Some of the art is only loaned temporarily. Some of it is donated as a tax deduction. Some of it is donated so that the person who donated it can gain some kind of prestige or status. Some of it is donated just because someone had enough money and wanted to secure the art piece and ensure that it could be shared ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
Can someone explain Linked-Lists in C to me?? | [
"A linked list is like a treasure hunt. Every location you get to, you find a piece of candy and a clue as to where to go next."
] | [
"Help! Can someone explain SCOT and Structuration theory to an idiot?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
American Football Overtime Rules | [
"> whoever wins the coin toss has an enormous advantage YES. This is a constant debate in the NFL. Rules were changed recently that if the first team to score only gets a field goal, then the other team gets the ball and can try to score, but if the first team scores a TD its over. Its controversial, but that's the... | [
"Sleep - Shake Unconscious - Splash Coma - Wait and Hope Vegetative State - Wait and Bury"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why's it so important to have intake ventilation for attic fan? | [
"When you turn a fan like this, you can definitely feel a pressure change in the house. It sucks fresh air through the ventilation aka windows into the house. Without proper ventilation, your fan will not work efficiently. I googled a specific danger example: Turning on a fan without proper ventilation can cause th... | [
"It's depends on how air tight the room is. You will notice this with doors that are tighter to the carpet and not under cut. Take a door that you can't slam because of this and open a window in that room the air will be forced out the window and the door will close easier. Opening or closing a door rapidly will ge... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
In films such as Horatio Hornblower from 1951 they have amazing live action sailing footage of old sailing ships. How did they make them so realistically? | [
"They used real ships. :) Even today, there are a number of people and organizations dedicated to preserved old sailing vessels, and many ships of this type still operate, mostly for recreation or tourism, around the world."
] | [
"Well, some scenes with thousands of people are literally the actors putting on a performance in front of thousands of people. But that depends on the movie. Something like Dawn of the Dead, with hundreds of zombies, those are all actors individually made up, and they may have to do a take where a specific zombie d... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why is a wall of text an eyesore and difficult to read? | [
"We have been conditioned since we started reading to understand passages better when they are broken into paragraphs. It gives a short mental break between two characters speaking, or when the theme transfers from one focus to another. \"Ah, the author has completed that thought and moved on to the next. Got it.\"... | [
"No, there is no standard of when to put it in. If you write a big wall of text, you can consider putting it in if you want but there isn't any rules for or against it. Typically they are at the bottom as to not give away the key points of the story for those who read the entire post."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
What is the Kaaba? Why is the rock so special? | [
"IIRC, The Kaaba is a building said to have been built by Abraham and his son to house a rock from Heaven brought to him by an angel."
] | [
"The Kaaba (the stone structure you're referring to) predates Islam. The Mosque it is part of used to be dedicated to numerous different gods in pre-Islamic Arabia. Mohammad then recognized it as also being a holy site of Islam. After Muslims were banished from Mecca and then returned and reconquered the city, they... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Chronostasis.The phenomenon of ''Stopped second-hand ''. | [
"Your eyes move in small \"jumps\" called saccades. During a saccade, you are effectively blind, since your brain \"throws away\" all of the information coming from your eyes while they're moving (since it would be just a massive blur, which is useless at best, and disorienting at worst). But I'm sure you've notice... | [
"In short, our biological clock, called the Circadian rythm. _URL_0_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How your drink can go down the wrong pipe? | [
"No it is in fact the case, your throat goes to 2 places, your stomach and your lungs. There is a flap that decides where the contents are going, and on occasion you will come close to sending liquid into your lungs. Of course your body realizes this and coughs it up rather violently to ensure it doesn't happen."
] | [
"Your brain is telling your body to get something off of itself."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Is there a way to argue that a person who buys two lottery tickets does NOT have twice as good a chance of winning as a person who only buys one? | [
"The odds are better. BUT the odds are still *awful*. This is like having **two grains of rice** vs having one grain of rice. Yes, it is twice as much, but it is still very, very little."
] | [
"Because the odds of winning are so small they can effectively be ignored. The odds for the powerball are 175 million to 1. The odds you will be killed in a lightning strike are 125 thousand to 1. That means you are 1400 times more likely to be killed by lightning than win the powerball. Given that getting killed h... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Can you fire someone for having cancer? | [
"If you actually say it like that, then hell no. But if the person with cancer is missing work without calling in, staring off in extreme pain instead of working, or depressing customers to the point that they leave, you can fire them for that. Although they have a decent chance of winning a lawsuit against you if ... | [
"Did you get fired for not smiling at a customer?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do gas stations charge extra for using credit/debit when it seems no one else does? | [
"Visa/MasterCard (an association that sets the rules and takes 1/100th of every transaction) does not allow their merchants to charge more for credit transactions. It's a blacklisting offense that will get you banned from taking cards. However, the gas industry resisted credit cards for a long time due to their ve... | [
"Both ways you process it, it is a debit transaction. Credit transactions costs the store a little more and takes longer to hit your checking account. When you charge credit, your debit card goes through the credit card network and when you charge debit it goes directly through your bank. Also, choosing debit at so... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer:"
} |
google adwords v google advertising | [
"Google adwords is the practice of paying for \"keywords\" to rank in search results. This has become extremely sophisticated with the tracking capabilities. _URL_0_ was always a great tool to get an estimate for how much a specific website is spending on adwords. You may want to investigate seo as well as adword... | [
"google is all about the \"ecosystem\", google docs feeds googledrive feeds gmail and search, and its all got adwords. It will also support chromeOS and android."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Could state level laws overrule things like SOPA? | [
"Look at the 14th amendment. Passed after the Civil War, the States have to do what the Fed says."
] | [
"Technically, it is all illegal under Federal law, however, the president has stated that for now, they will not enforce the laws in the state."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why in the middle of winter, it's usually colder when it's sunny and warmer when it's cloudy but in the middle of summer, it's usually the opposite ? | [
"Not an expert, but IIRC The clouds in the winter hold in the heat from the sun creating a greenhouse effect increasing the temperature a small amount. The clouds in the summer (depending on how humidity applies towards a sticky or steamy element in the air) block some of the sun's rays and cool you off. Hope that ... | [
"Syrian living in Australia here. In Syria (northern hemisphere), in summer it is consistently 30-40°C outside and in winter it snows daily. In Australia (Victoria) there is absolutely no consistency. Half of our summer days can be rainy or even stormy, while half our winter days can be sunny. The inconsistency of... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the argument about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
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