query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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Otic barotrauma results due to - | Otitic barotrauma or Aero otitis media results due to rapid descent during air flight, underwater divising or compression in pressure chamber. | 11,100 | medmcqa_train |
A 70-year-old man with a history of emphysema and progressive dyspnea is admitted with mild hemoptysis. On exam, he is afebrile; he has a left-sided chest wall scar from a previous thoracotomy with decreased breath sounds in the left lung field. There are wheezes and rhonchi heard in the right lung field. The CXR is sh... | This chest x-ray shows opacification of the left lung field with surgical rib changes and clips seen near the left main stem secondary to a left pneumonectomy. Multiple nodular opacities of varying sizes are seen in the right lung field. These changes are characteristic of metastatic disease. With the history of a left... | 11,101 | medmcqa_train |
Veins are an example of | the veins are examples of capacitance vessels | 11,102 | medmcqa_train |
All the following are true about Rheumatoid arthritis except - | Persons who present with high titers of Rheumatoid factor, C Reactive protein and Haptoglobin have a worse prognosis than the individuals who present with Subcutaneous nodules or Radiographic evidence of erosions. | 11,103 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not a clinical presentation of Pituitary Apoplexy? | Pituitary apoplexy: Most frequent presentation isheadache- Retro-orbital in location. Nauseaandvomitingmay occur due to adrenal insufficiency, meningeal irritation, and hypothalamic dysfunction or raised intracranial pressure. Neck stiffnessis observed in patients with pituitary apoplexy and can be to sub-arachnoid hae... | 11,104 | medmcqa_train |
"Tentative cuts" are seen in? | ANSWER: (B) SuicideREF: Parikh 6th ed p. 4.14Tentative/trial/ hesitation/preliminary wounds: small multiple superficial somewhat parallel and skin deep cuts usually found on anterior surface of extremities, chest and abdomen. Unintentional cuts: found on fingers, where razor blade has been gripped | 11,105 | medmcqa_train |
Hyperkalaemia can occur in all, except- | Causes of hyperkalemia are: I Pseudohyperkalemia A. Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis B. Hereditary defects in red cell membrane transpo II. Intra- to extracellular shift A. Acidosis B. Hyperosmolality; radiocontrast, hypeonic dextrose, mannitol C. b2-Adrenergic antagonis... | 11,106 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are true regarding R5 strain of HIV except | R5 Trophic Virus A strain of HIV that enters and infects a host CD4 cell by attaching to the CCR5 coreceptor on the CD4 cell. To enter a CD4 cell, HIV must first attach to a CD4 receptor, then attach to either the CCR5 or CXCR4 coreceptor, and finally fuse its membrane with the CD4 cell membrane. HIV is usually R5-trop... | 11,107 | medmcqa_train |
After the pericardial sac has been opened anteriorly during surgery, by passing a surgical clamp through the transverse sinus, surgeons can stop/dive circulation of blood in | During surgery, a clamp is passed through the transverse sinus stops or dives the blood flow from the aoa and pulmonary trunk. Transverse pericardial sinus seperates the aerial end of the hea tube from the venous end. Aoa and pulmonary trunk lie anterior to the sinus and superior vena cava lies posterior to it. Therefo... | 11,108 | medmcqa_train |
A person comes with right eye 6/60 and left eye 3/60. He shall be categorized into which type of blindness. | Blindness and Social: Blindness Presenting distance visual acuity of less than 3/60 (20/400) in the better eye and limitation of the field of vision to be less than 10 degrees from the center of fixation Economic blindness: The inability of a person to count fingers from 6 meters. Manifest blindness: Vision 1/60 to jus... | 11,109 | medmcqa_train |
A 53-year-old woman presents with a 1-cm invasive carcinoma of the breast, detected on mammography. She feels well and has no other symptoms. On examination the lump is palpable, and there are no axillary lymph nodes. Which of the following is the most appropriate local therapy for her tumor? | Breast-conserving surgery is now recommended for small tumors. Radiation therapy will decrease local recurrence rates. For tumors < 1 cm, adjuvant therapy is indicated only if axillary nodes are positive. Therefore, in this case, an axillary dissection will provide important therapeutic information. However, this is an... | 11,110 | medmcqa_train |
Septic arthritis is caused by: | Ans: d (All of the above) Ref: Bailey, 24,h ed, p. 420All the given organisms can cause septic arthritis in different age groups.Most common cause of septic arthritis - Staph aureus (in all age groups)More common in neonates- E. coli& Group B. StreptococciSickle cell anemia patients are susceptible to salmonella arthri... | 11,111 | medmcqa_train |
CURB 65 criteria include all except | Image ref Davidsons 23e p563 | 11,112 | medmcqa_train |
Koeppe nodules are present on – | Iris nodules
There are many types of nodules that develop on iris in granulomatous uveitis:-
Koeppe nodule: - Seen at pupillary margin.
Busacca's nodule: - Seen on the peripheral part of the anterior surface of iris.
Tubercular nodules: - Scattered throughout the iris and ciliary body, mostly in the stroma. They are... | 11,113 | medmcqa_train |
Live attenuated vaccines are A/E | The internationally available cell culture and embryonated egg-based vaccine consist of rabies virus that has been propagated in cell substrates such as human diploid cells, Vero cells, primary Syrian hamster kidney cells etc (refer pgno 279 park 23rd edition) | 11,114 | medmcqa_train |
Trantas spots are seen in - | Tranta's spots (Horner tranta's spots) are descrete white raised dots along the limbus and are composed of degeneraed eosinophils. Ref: Parson's 22nd/e p.180-181 & 21st/e p.178; Khurana 7th/e p.81 & 4th/e p.74,75 | 11,115 | medmcqa_train |
A 65 yr. old man developed severe acute onset breathlessness within few hours of an aortic valve replacement. X-Ray diagnosis is? | Ans. C. Pericardial tamponadeCardiac tamponadea. Gradual accumulation of pericardial fluid may fail to produce clinical signs or symptoms for an extended period of time.b. However, rapid accumulation of as little as 100-200ml of fluid can cause a hemodynamically significant compression of the heart, which severely impe... | 11,116 | medmcqa_train |
Median nerve injury at wrist, is commonly tested by: | Injury or compression of median nerve at wrist (eg carpel tunnel syndrome) can be tested by 1. Pen test for loss of action of Abductor pollicis brevis 2. Ape thumb deformity Q (adducted posture of thumb) 3. Loss of opposition & abduction of thumb Q (d/ t wasting of thenar muscles) 4. Sensory loss - lateral 31/2 of digi... | 11,117 | medmcqa_train |
Weight gain Is seen In all except- | In pheochromocytoma, the child has a good appetite but because of the hypermetabolic state does not gain weight, and severe cachexia may develop. Page 1942, Nelson textbook of pediatrics 19th edition | 11,118 | medmcqa_train |
A 25-year-old female patient came with complaints of anemia and seventh and eighth nerve palsy. As a pa of evaluation, X-ray of the skull and spine revealed the following abnormalities:- What is the Diagnosis based on the above findings? | Clinical findings of cranial nerve palsies with sclerotic skull base. Aplastic anemia due to inadequate resorption of bone marrow. Skull spine showing endobone (bone within bone sign) or sandwich sign seen in OSTEOPETROSIS. Osteopetrosis refers to a group of disorders caused by severe impairment of osteoclast-mediated ... | 11,119 | medmcqa_train |
Most common presentation in congenital rubella syndrome is- | (C) (Nerve deafness) (1076-77 Nelson 19th)* Nerve deafness is the single most common finding among infants with congenital rubella syndrome (CPS)* Salt and pepper retinopathy are the most common ocular abnormality but have little early effect on vision.* Patent ductus arteriosis is the most frequently reported cardiac ... | 11,120 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is false regarding Amestest | Mutated bacteria can grow even in the absence of Histidine. | 11,121 | medmcqa_train |
Conceptus reaches uterine cavity at which stage? | Conceptus enters uterine cavity on the 4th day in Advanced morula (>32) cell stage. Note: In IVF Transvaginal inseion into uterus is done at 8 cell stage. | 11,122 | medmcqa_train |
Optimum unit of preventive, curative and promotive health care is | Health care characteristics include 1) Appropriateness - relevance 2) Comprehensiveness - optimum mix of preventive, curative and promotional services. 3) adequacy 4) availability 5) accessibility 6) affordability 7) feasibility Ref: Park&;s Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine,24th edition, Page no. 33 | 11,123 | medmcqa_train |
The amino acid deficiency that could be expected in a case of high cereal intake and poor nutritional bance is which of the follwoing? | Cereals are deficient in lysine, but are rich in cystine and methionine. Legumes on the other hand are rich in lysine but deficient in sulfur containing amino acids. Thus, by combining cereals with legumes, the overall protein quality is improved. | 11,124 | medmcqa_train |
A 23-year-old man is admitted to the emergency department with a deep, bleeding stab wound of the pelvis. After the bleeding has been arrested, an MRI examination gives evidence that the right ventral primary ramus of L4 has been transected. Which of the following problems will most likely be seen during physical exami... | The ventral ramus of L4 contains both sensory and motor nerve fibers. Injury from a stab wound could result in loss of sensation from the dermatome supplied by this segment. A dermatome is an area of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve; L4 dermatome supplies the medial aspect of the leg and foot. Loss of the Achille... | 11,125 | medmcqa_train |
Which enzyme's activity is increased in low insulin/glucagon level? | Insulin suppresses glucose-6-phosphatase gene.Glucose-6-phosphatase activity is increased in low insulin/glucagon level.Glucocoicoids, glucagon, epinephrine are inducers of glucose-6-phosphatase whereas insulin is repressor.Insulin upregulates the transcription of glucokinase, phosphofructokinase, and pyruvate kinase, ... | 11,126 | medmcqa_train |
Most common cadiac anomaly in Turner's syndrome is ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Bicuspid aoic valve Turner's syndrome is commonly associated with congenital hea diseases. The most common anomaly associated is bicuspid Aoic valves in one third to one half of the patients (50%). Other congential anomalies associated with Turner's syndrome --> Aoic coarctation (30%), Aoic stenosis, ... | 11,127 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is a contraindication to the use of Beta Blockers:- | * Contraindication of Blocker:- Asthma AV Block Acute CHF Diabetes Mellitus * ss Blocker uses:- Hypeension Migraine Hypehyroidism Angina pretoirs MI | 11,128 | medmcqa_train |
Taking off ones clothes and running naked in a public race is called ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Exhibitionism Incent means sexual intercourse by a man with a woman who is closely related to him by blood. eg a daughter, granddaughter. Sexual perversions -These are persistently indulged sexual acts in which complete satisfaction is sought and obtained without sexual intercourse. These include :? a... | 11,129 | medmcqa_train |
Ureterovaginal fistula should best be treated by- | In case of ureteric transection ,paial or complete,a pyelography fails to show pa or whole of the ureter on the transected site and there may be pooling of dye in the peritoneal cavity. The immediate treatment is percutaneous nephrostomy and retrograde dye injection under fluoroscopy to help identify the site of transe... | 11,130 | medmcqa_train |
'Flower vase' appearance on intravenous urogram is seen in | . | 11,131 | medmcqa_train |
The suture between the two halves of the Frontal
bones is | Frontal bone ossifies in membrane.
It develops from 2 centres near frontal eminences, during 8th week of intrauterine life.
At birth, the bone is in 2 halves, separated in the midline by a suture, known as metopic suture, which soon starts to fuse.
The metopic suture occasionally persists in 3 to 8% of individuals. | 11,132 | medmcqa_train |
Amotivational syndrome is seen in - | Amotivational syndrome is seen in Cannabis abuse. | 11,133 | medmcqa_train |
Due to an effective prevention program, the pre valence of an infectious disease in a community has been reduced by 90%. A physician continues to use the same diagnostic test for the disease that she has always used. How have the test’s characteristics changed? | PPV and NPV of a screening test depends on:
– Sensitivity
– Specificity
– Prevalence of disease in the population
In this question, since a physician continues to use the same diagnostic test for the disease that she has always used, sensitivity and specificity of the test will remain same
But predictive value of a te... | 11,134 | medmcqa_train |
MgSO4 is contraindicated in eclampsia if following occurs during treatment EXCEPT - | (Respiratory rate < 16) (234-35 Dutta 7th; Internet)Magnesium sulphate is a smooth muscle relaxant. Reduction or loss of tendon reflexes precedes respiratory depression, and should be immediately noted.Deep Tendon Reflexes Elicit, grade, and record: 15 minutes during the first 2 hours of therapy, then hourly thereafter... | 11,135 | medmcqa_train |
A gun shot wound can not be evaluated as entrance or exit wound due to surgical alteration of wound. The phenomenon is called | Kennedy phenomenon A gun shot wound can not be evaluated as entrance or exit wound due to surgical alteration of the wound. In case of shored exit wound also confusion may arise. This occured in the case of John F Kennedy's assassination. A surgically altered shored exit wound on the the back of the neck was misinterpr... | 11,136 | medmcqa_train |
All the following are helpful in the initial treatment of severe hypercalcemia associated with hyperparathyroidism except: | Glucocoicoids are used in management of hypercalcemia due to sarcoidosis, vitamin D intoxication, vitamin A toxicity. Management of dangerous Hypercalcemia Hydration with saline. Saline can be administered with furosemide and can be given twice daily to depress the tubular reabsorptive mechanism for calcium (Avoid dehy... | 11,137 | medmcqa_train |
All the following language milestones develop at 15 months of age of except | Emerging patterns for language behaviour from 1-5years of age 15months Jargon Follows simple commands May name a familiar object (e.g., ball) Responds to his/her name 18months 10 words (average) Names pictures Identifies 1 or more pas of the body 24months Puts 3 words together (subject, verb, object) 30months Refers to... | 11,138 | medmcqa_train |
A new born who has frothing of mouth. Cyanosis is present on day one. The most probable diagnosis is: | Ans. d. Esophageal atresia (Ref: Ghai 7/e p151: Nelson 19/e p1262)A new born who has frothing of mouth. Cyanosis is present on day one. The most probable diagnosis is esophageal atresia.'The diagnosis of esophageal atresia is entertained in an infant with excessive salivation along with coughing or choking during the f... | 11,139 | medmcqa_train |
A 27-year-old, previously healthy man suddenly collapses at a party where both legal and illicit drugs are being used. En route to the hospital, he requires resuscitation with defibrillation to establish a normal cardiac rhythm. On physical examination, his temperature is 40deg C; respirations, 30/ min; heart rate, 110... | Cocaine is a powerful vasoconstrictor and has various vascular effects, including ischemic injury to the nasal septum following the route of administration, which is inhalation in this case. Many complications result from the cardiovascular effects, which include arterial vasoconstriction with ischemic injury to the he... | 11,140 | medmcqa_train |
Finnish of nephrotic syndrome is caused by defect in following protein aEUR' | Nephrin The glomerular capillary wall is a filtering membrane and consists of the following structures i) Endothelial cells ii) Glomerular basement membrane iii) Visceral epithelial cells (podocytes) iv) Mesangial cells The visceral epithelial cell known as podocyte is impoant for the maintenance of glomerular harrier ... | 11,141 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is true for Klinefelter's syndrome? | Ans. b. Arm span and height moreKlinefelter Syndrome (47, XXY) is seen in 1 in 1,000 births.Genetics; most common findings manifested at pubertyFindingsDecreased IQ (average IQ 85-90)Behavioral/psychiatric problemsLong limbs (decreased upper: lower segment ratio)Slim (weight/height ratio low)Hypogonadism and hypogenita... | 11,142 | medmcqa_train |
Battledore placenta is associated with highest risk of | Battle dore placenta - marginal insertion of umbilical cord, occasionally results in cord avulsion during delivery of placenta. | 11,143 | medmcqa_train |
Ann Arbor classification is used for? | Robbins basic pathology 9th edition page no 442,tabke11-10 By this classification hodgkins and non hodgkins lymphoma are divided into 4stages | 11,144 | medmcqa_train |
A boy presents with complaints of hypoaesthesia and wasting of thenar eminence. The nerve most likely to damaged in this patient? | Carpal tunnel syndrome is caused by swelling of the flexor digitorum superficialis, profundus, and flexor pollicis longus tendons, resulting in pressure on the median nerve. Repetitive motions of the fingers and wrist, hormonal changes, and vibration can be causes of tendon swelling. It results in tingling, numbness, a... | 11,145 | medmcqa_train |
CYP 3A4 enzymes are affected by: a) Fexofenadine b) Phenytoin c) Carbamazepine d) Azithromycin e) Penicillin | CYP3A4 cary out biotransformation of large number of drugs. The inhibition of this isoenzyme by erythromycin, clarithromycin, ketoconazole, itraconazole etc. is responsible for important drug interactions with terfenadine, astemizole and cisapride. Rifampicin, barbiturates and other anticonvulsants are important induce... | 11,146 | medmcqa_train |
A patient with CSOM presents with diplopia on seeing towards left side. Most probable cause: | Ans: C (Left petrositis) Ref: Diseases of the Ear, Nose and Throat by PL Dhingra, 5th edn., 2010 pg: 89Explanation:The diplopia is likely to be due to petrositis, which is a known complication of CSOM.Petrositis leads to Gradenigo' syndrome.Triad of Gradenigo'syndrome.o External (Lateral) rectus palsy due to VIth nerve... | 11,147 | medmcqa_train |
A surgeon operates on a patient with a pheochromocytoma involving the adrenal gland. He requests examination of intraoperative frozen sections by the pathology laboratory. Which of the following criteria can be used to determine if the lesion is benign or malignant? | Pheochromocytomas, and their related counterpas in extra-adrenal sites called paragangliomas, are notorious because the only reliable indicator of metastatic potential is the presence of distant metastases. Very malignant-appearing tumors may not metastasize and benign-appearing tumors may produce metastases. In practi... | 11,148 | medmcqa_train |
Mycosis fungoides affects: | Mycosis fungoides is a cutaneous T cell lymphoma Etio: - Unknown, sometime HTLV I virus- It is MC cutaneous lymphoma Histological findings : 1. Sezary cells - Sezary cell are malignant lymphocytes with increased cell size and convoluted nucleus aka Cerebriform nucleus 2. Epidermo tropism - affection to move towards the... | 11,149 | medmcqa_train |
Neurofibrillary tangles with senile plaques are seen in - | Neurofibrillary tangles with senile plaque are characteristic of Alzheimer's disease. You should keep in mind that neurofibrillary tangles are not unique to Alzheimer's disease; they also occur in own syndrome, dementia pugilistica (punch drunk syndrome), Parkinson - dementia complex, hallervorden - Spatz disease, and ... | 11,150 | medmcqa_train |
Verrucaous carcinoma of penis is causes by | Verrucous carcinoma of penis, also called Buschke-Lowenstein tumour, is caused by HPV 6 and 11. It is a curable malignancy but is locally destructive and locally invasive. It neither spreads through lymphatics nor blood. Surgical excision or paial amputation is the treatment of choice.Reference : page 1067 SRB's manual... | 11,151 | medmcqa_train |
Root value of radial nerve is: | Radial nerve is the continuation of posterior cord. Root value of posterior cord is C5,6,7,8 ,T1 (has 5 root values) Posterior cord is formed by posterior divisions of upper, middle and lower trunks. It supplies posterior compament of upper limb. | 11,152 | medmcqa_train |
Collagen distributed in rhabdomyosarcoma cells? | Type XIX is distributed Rarely. Seen in basement membranes, rhabdomyosarcoma cells Reference: Harper; 30th edition; Page no: 628 Table no: 50-1 | 11,153 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following drugs reduce afterload, except: | Ref:KDT 6/e p504 Afterloadis reduced by the drugs having aerioler dilating propey. Propanolol is a non-selective beta-blocker. It can cause vasoconstriction by antagonizing beta2 mediated vasodilation. It, therefore do not decrease afterload. | 11,154 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the gas which produces systemic toxicity without causing local irritation? | Carbon monoxide is a colourless odourless and tasteless gas. Headache and nausea may be an initial sign of poisoning. Since the PO2 is normal the respiratory centres are also not stimulated. The victim is simply asphyxiated even without him knowing it. Ref: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Chap... | 11,155 | medmcqa_train |
Warthin Finkeldey giant cells are seen in: | c. Measles(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 1542-1547, Ghai 8/e p 213-214)Fusion of infected cells results in multinucleated giant cells, the Warthin-Finkeldey giant cells that are pathognomonic for measles, with up to 100 nuclei and intracytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusions. | 11,156 | medmcqa_train |
Which is not a feature of Kallman syndrome? | Kallman Syndrome occurs due to defective synthesis of GnRH (Gonadotropin releasing hormone). KAL gene is X linked. During fetal life, the GnRH neurons originate in Olfactory Placode and then migrate along fetal olfactory neuron. They eventually wend their way to the hypothalamus. Presenting features Associated with Mal... | 11,157 | medmcqa_train |
The parasympathetic secretomotor fibres to parotid traverse through the following, except | Parasympathetic nerves are secretomotor. They reach the gland through the auriculotemporal nerve. The preganglionic fibres begin in the inferior salivatory nucleus; pass through the glossopharyngeal nerve, its tympanic branch, the tympanic plexus and the lesser petrosal nerve; and relay in the otic ganglion. The postga... | 11,158 | medmcqa_train |
Rapid change of presbyopic glasses is seen in | PRIMARY OPEN ANGLE GLAUCOMAAs the name implies, it is a type of primary glaucoma, where there is no obvious systemic or ocular cause of the rise in the intraocular pressure. It occurs in eyes with an open angle of the anterior chamber.Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) also known as chronic simple glaucoma of adult ons... | 11,159 | medmcqa_train |
Topical antiviral drugs not indicated in : | B i.e. Metaherpetic keratitis Metaherpetic keratitis (Epithelial sterile trophic ulceration) is not an active viral disease but a mechanical healing problem and its has got no role of topical antiviral and steroid Q (treated by aificial tear, soft contact lens & tarsorrhaphy) Neuroparalytic (exposure) keratitis is the ... | 11,160 | medmcqa_train |
The typical appearance of "spider leg" on excretory urography is seen in | REPEAT QUESTION polycystic kidney, an autosomal dominant disease, common in females; excretory urogram shows 'spider leg' pattern - elongated and compressed renal pelvis with narrowed and stretched calyces over the cysts. ( Reference: emedicine.medscape.com/aicle/983281-workup ) | 11,161 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not a feature of Acute congestive glaucoma – | Clinical features of acute congestive glaucoma
Symptoms: Sudden onset of very severe pain in the eye which radiates along the branches of 5th nerve and is frequently associated with nausea, vomiting and prostrations. Patient develops rapidly progressive loss of vision, redness, photophobia, and lacrimation. Coloured... | 11,162 | medmcqa_train |
Deficiency of vit D will cause: | Ans: b (Rickets) Ref: Hassion, 17th, ed, p. 2375Features of vitamin D deficiency:Rickets in children manifests in the latter half of first year or in the second year.Craniotabes is the ear liest manifestation of rickets.Anterior fontanel is large and its closure is delayed beyond 18 months.Bossing of frontal and pariet... | 11,163 | medmcqa_train |
Comb sign in CT abdomen is seen in: | CT finding in Crohns disease: Mural thickening with stratification is seen with active inflammation Vascular engorgement of the mesentery (comb sign) Hypodense lymph nodes CT findings in intestinal tuberculosis: Mural thickening with contiguous ileo-cecal involvement Hypodense lymph nodes with peripheral enhancement Re... | 11,164 | medmcqa_train |
Pseudotumor syndrome is seen in | . | 11,165 | medmcqa_train |
The T 1/2 of iodine 131 is: | Ref: Internet SourcesExplanation:The t1/2 of iodine 131 is 8 daysHalf life's of commonly used radioisotopes in MedicineIsotopeHalf lifeAmericium- 241433 yearsAntimony-12460.2 daysCalifornium-2522.63 yearsCesium-13730.1 yearsCobalt-57271 daysCobalt-5871.3 daysCobalt-605.272 yearsIodine-1244.17 daysIodine-13012.4 hoursIo... | 11,166 | medmcqa_train |
True about relation of epiploic foramen | Epiploic Foramen - it is also known as Foramen of Winslow, aditus or opening to the lesser sac. This is a veical slit-like opening through which the lesser sac communicates with the greater sac. The foramen is situated at the level of the 12th thoracic veebra. Boundaries - Anteriorly: Right free margin of the lesser om... | 11,167 | medmcqa_train |
100/0/0 maturation index indicates | Maturation index/Cornification index/Karyopyknotic index*Three basic patterns of vaginal maturation can be distinguished (immature, intermediate and mature) based on the predominance of cell types.*Sample: Taken from mid to upper 1/3 of lateral wall of vagina, the epithelium most sensitive to hormonal changes. *200 cel... | 11,168 | medmcqa_train |
Most impoant component of level of living? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Health o Health is the most impoant component because its impairment always means impairment of level of living. | 11,169 | medmcqa_train |
Osmotic pressure of 1 mol of ideal solute relative to pure water is | According to the Van't Hoff equation, an ideal solution containing 1 mole of dissolved paicles per liter of solvent at 0deg C will have an osmotic pressure of 22.4 atm Ref guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12/e pg159 | 11,170 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following cranial nerves originates from dorsal aspect of the brain? | Ans. c (Trochlear). (Ref. BD Chaurasia, Human Anatomy-Vol III, 3rd ed., 90)TROCHLEAR NERVE (MH 05; AI09)# It is thinnest cranial nerve# It is the only cranial nerve, which emerges on the dorsal aspect of brain stem (from superior medullar velum near frenulum veli just below the inferior colliculus).# It supplies the co... | 11,171 | medmcqa_train |
The triad of alopecia, neuropathy and diarrhoea results from | Thallium Poisoning * Ideal homicidal poison features * Features resemble natural disease, Gullain Barre syndrome * Mees lines present * Triad of alopecia, neuropathy and diarrhea * Pseudomotor neuropathy | 11,172 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following does not require copperfor action ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Carbonic anhydrase Copper containing enzymes are cytochrome oxidase, tyrosinase, lysyl oxidase, ferroxidase (ceruloplasmin), Ascorbic acid oxidase, and superoxide dismutase.Has been explained in previous sessions. | 11,173 | medmcqa_train |
. Tretinoin is useful in the treatment of - | Tretinoin is a cancer medication used to treat acute promyelocytic leukemia Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia For use in patients with APL classification M3, which is characterized by the presence of t(15;17) translocation and/or the presence of the PML/RAR-alpha gene, who are refractory to, or have relapsed from, anthracyc... | 11,174 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the shoest acting betablocker: September 2006 | Ans. D: Esmolol | 11,175 | medmcqa_train |
Stain employed for mycoplasma is: September 2011 | Ans. B: Giemsa stain Mycoplasma are gram negative but are better stained by Giemsa stain Mycoplasma Genus of bacteria that lack a cell wall. Without a cell wall, they are unaffected by many common antibiotics such as penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis. M. pneumonine, which is an... | 11,176 | medmcqa_train |
Which one of the following has maximum area of representation in the cerebral motor coex? | First Metacarpophalangeal joint REF: Gray's anatomy, 39' edition page 396The primary motor coex contains a detailed topographically organized map (motor homunculus) of the opposite body half, with the head represented most laterally, and the legs and feet represented on the medial surface of the hemisphere in the parac... | 11,177 | medmcqa_train |
Stereotactic radiosurgery uses all except – | Stereotactic radiosurgery uses :- (i) Ca - 60 (Gamma knife); (it) X-ray knife (Linear accelerator); (iii) Cyclotron (Proton beam). | 11,178 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following phospholipid is predominantly found in the inner mitochondrial membrane? | Cardiolipin: Diphosphatidyl glycerol i.e. 2 phosphatidic acid moieties attached to glycerol. Found in inner mitochondrial membrane. Physiological role: Increases the efficiency of the oxidative phosphorylation by acting as proton trap. Involved in signalling of apoptosis (programmed cell death). Anticoagulant Pathologi... | 11,179 | medmcqa_train |
Receptors of LDL is/are | The Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Receptor (LDL-R) is a mosaic protein of 839 amino acids (after removal of 21-amino acid signal peptide) that mediates the endocytosis of cholesterol-rich LDL. It is a cell-surface receptor that recognizes the apoprotein B100, which is embedded in the outer phospholipid layer of LDL pai... | 11,180 | medmcqa_train |
Least absorption out of the following through the kidney is for | Urea is minimally absorbed. Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12 edition page number:491,492,493 | 11,181 | medmcqa_train |
Virus quantification is done by | Quantification assays : plaque and pock assay. | 11,182 | medmcqa_train |
Hemophilia B is deficiency of which factor:September 2007 | Ans. A: IXHemophilia B is also known as Christmas disease. Hemophilia A is deficiency of factor VIII (classical hemophilia).It has sex-linked inheritance. | 11,183 | medmcqa_train |
Which is not a feature of cerebral malaria ? | Answer- A. Focal neurologic deficitFocal reurological signs are unusual. Deep tendon reflexes are normal, increased or decreased.Corneal reflex is preserved, except in deep coma. Abdominal reflexes are invariably absent. Cremesteric reflex is often preserved.Extensor plantar response occurs in half of the patients. | 11,184 | medmcqa_train |
If a 95% confidence interval for prevalence of cancer smokers aged> 65 years is 56% to 76%, the chance that the prevalence could be less than 56% is- | Ref:Parks 23rd edition pg 849. 1SD : confidence limit = 68% 2SD : confidence limit = 95% 3SD : confidence limit = 99.7% Given, 95% values lie between 56 and 76% So, 5% values lie below 56 and above 76 altogether . So, 2.5% lies below 56. | 11,185 | medmcqa_train |
DOC for nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: | Ref: Goodman & Gillman's 13th ed. P 466* Nephrogenic DI may be congenital or acquired. Causes can be:# Hypercalcemia, hypokalemia, post obstructive renal failure, Li+, foscarnet, clozapine, demeclocycline, and other drugs can induce nephrogenic DI.* Thiazide diuretics reduce the polyuria of patients with DI and often a... | 11,186 | medmcqa_train |
Shortest acting muscle relaxant - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Mivacurium Mivacuriumo Mivacurium is the shortest acting competitive blockers.o It does not need reversal - can be used as an alternative to SCh for endotracheal intubation.o It is metabolized rapidly by plasma cholinesterases - prolonged paralysis can occur in pseudocholinesterase deficiency.o Mivacu... | 11,187 | medmcqa_train |
FTU is a measure of: | An approximate practical measure of topical medication is the fingeip unit, the quantity of ointment, extruded from a tube with a nozzle of 5 mm diameter extending from the distal crease of the forefinger to ventral aspect of the fingeip. This unit weighs approximately 0.49 g in males and 0.43 g in females and covers, ... | 11,188 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not antibody dependent methods | Antibody dependent methods are:
EUSA
Protein Immunoprecipitation (ChIP assay)
Immunoelectrophoresis
Western blot
Protein Immunostaining
Flow cytometry.
Note: SDS PAGE is a method of separating proteins based on size. | 11,189 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is seen in cold temperature: March 2011 | Ans. A: Increased Thyroxine release Endocrine mechanisms which causes heat production (thermogenesis) are epinephrine, norepinephrine and thyroxine Thermoregulatory response activated by exposure to cold ( posterior hypothalamus) Increased heat production - Shivering Hunger - Increased voluntary activity - Increased TS... | 11,190 | medmcqa_train |
While doing thoracocentesis, it is advisable to introduce needle along? | Thoracocentesis is a surgical puncture on the chest wall for aspiration of fluid or air from the pleural cavity. It is advisable to introduce needle along the upper border of the rib to avoid avoid the neurovascular bundle that runs below the rib.Also Know:Never remove more than 1000-1500 mL per tap in patients with ch... | 11,191 | medmcqa_train |
Which antimalarial drug can be safely administered in baby with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Mefloquine o Amongst the antimalarial drugs, quinine, primaquine and occasionally chloroquine can cause hemolysis in patients with G6PD deficiency. | 11,192 | medmcqa_train |
A 38-year-old woman had a left iron intraocular foreign body removed one year ago. Her current visual acuity was 6/6 in the right eye and 6/60 in the left. She is at risk of developing all of the following except | Ans. (a) MiosisThe patient has Siderosis, left eye trauma with iron foreign body.Siderosis damages the ocular structures mainly through the toxic effects of iron on the epithelium. In siderosis, the following signs may be seen:* Mydriasis due to damage of the sphincter muscle - option a* Glaucoma from damaged trabecula... | 11,193 | medmcqa_train |
45 yrs old Ramlal has intraabdominal sepsis. The causative organism was found to be vancomycin, gentamycin and ampicillin resistant. It grows well in presence of 6.5% NaCI and arginine. Bile esculin hydrolysis is positive. Which of the following is this organism? - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Enterococcus fecalis Enterococcus ? It belongs to lancefields's group 'FY streptococci Note - Enterococci grow in the presence of bile and hydrolyze esculine ----> bile esculin positive. | 11,194 | medmcqa_train |
Side effects of massive blood transfusion are all except | Comications from massive blood transfusion include Coagulopathy Hypocalcaemia Hyperkalaemia Hypokalaemia Hypothermia Prolonged time- iron overload. (Each transfused unit of red blood cells--approximately 250 mg of elemental iron) Ref: Bailey and love 27th edition Pg no :22 | 11,195 | medmcqa_train |
Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay is used for the detection of | Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) is an aqueous extract of blood cells (amoebocytes) from the Atlantic horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus. LAL reacts with bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is a membrane component of gram-negative bacteria.LAL test is widely used for the detection and quantification of ba... | 11,196 | medmcqa_train |
The Suppoing Cells of the Testes are? | Cells of seoli | 11,197 | medmcqa_train |
Moron is the one with an IQ of: | Levels of intelligence based on IQ levels: Levels of intelligence IQ range Idiot 0-24 Imbecile 25-49 Moron 50-69 Borderline 70-79 Low normal 80-89 Normal 90-109 Superior 110-119 Very superior 120-139 Near Genius 140 and over Calories of mental retardation based on IQ levels: Mental status IQ range Normal IQ 70 and over... | 11,198 | medmcqa_train |
Incalculating the literacy rate, which parameter is taken into account? | Literacy (India) : Any person who can read and write with understanding, in any one language of India who is >7 years of age (definition used in 1991 & 2001 census) Literacy rate : Denominator is population >7 years age Crude literacy rate : Denominator is total population (used earlier) Literacy rate (India) : 75.04% ... | 11,199 | medmcqa_train |
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