query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
value |
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D.latum transmitted by ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Plerocercoid through fish meal | 11,000 | medmcqa_train |
Death due to suffocation are all, except: AI 08 | Ans. Throttling | 11,001 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following antipsychotic isn't available as depot preparation for the treatment of psychosis? | Clozapine isn't available as depot of long-acting muscular injection. clozapine is a drug that is used for trreatment of TREATMENT RESISTANT SCHIZIOPHRENIA patients the main adverse effects of clozapine was AGRANULOCYTOSIS, MYOCARDITIS, SIALORRHEA, SEIZURES, PARALYTIC ILEUS Ref: Essentials of postgraduate psychiatry By... | 11,002 | medmcqa_train |
The finnish type of congenital nephritic syndrome occurs due to gene mutation affecting the following protein - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Nephrin Congenital nephrotic syndrome o Infant who develop nephrotic syndrome within the first 3 months of life are considered to have congenital nephrotic syndrome. o The most common cause of this syndrome is finnish-type congenital nephrotic syndrome, an autosomal recessive disorder. o Two most comm... | 11,003 | medmcqa_train |
Musde that originates from bone and interosseous membrane is? | ANSWER: (C) Tibialis anteriorREF: Grays anatomy 40th ed chapter 83, Snell's 8th ed ch: 10Tibialis anterior is a superficial muscle and is therefore readily palpable lateral to the tibia. It arises from the lateral condyle and proximal half to two-thirds of the lateral surface of the tibial shaft; the adjoining anterior... | 11,004 | medmcqa_train |
False about customs- | customs are numerous and powerful.The staing point of custom is convention.Laws are generally custom inspired.The highly developed societies of the modern world are just as replete with social customs as the primitive societies of the past. Ref:(p.727) 25TH edition Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine | 11,005 | medmcqa_train |
Type of blood flow seen in the apex of the lung is | Zone 2: Intermittent blood flow only during the peaks of pulmonary aerial pressure (Ppc) because the systolic pressure is then greater than the alveolar air pressure (PALV), but the diastolic pressure is less than the alveolar air pressure. | 11,006 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is increased in lipoprotein lipase deficiency | Chylomicrons
Lipoprotein lipase deficiency (Type I hyperlipoproteinemia) results in increased level of chylomicrones. | 11,007 | medmcqa_train |
A 24-year-old woman appears at 8 weeks of pregnancy and reveals a history of pulmonary embolism 7 years ago during her first pregnancy She was treated with intravenous heparin followed by several months of oral warfarin (Coumadin) and has had no further evidence of thromboembolic disease for over 6 years. Which of the ... | Patients with a history of thromboembolic disease in pregnancy are at high risk of developing it in subsequent pregnancies. Impedance plethysmography and Doppler ultrasonography are useful techniques even in pregnancy and should be done as baseline studies. Patients should be treated prophylactically with low-dose hepa... | 11,008 | medmcqa_train |
Low risk type of HPV: | Ans. b. Type-6 | 11,009 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following amino acid is required for synthesis of hemoglobin? | Synthesis of Heme The enzyme ALA synthase condenses glycine with succinyl CoA to form delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) (Chapter 21). It is the key enzyme of heme synthesis.Ref: DM Vasudevan - Textbook of Biochemistry, 6th edition, page no: 185 | 11,010 | medmcqa_train |
Total number of TB cases in a community of 6000 population 150. Number death due to TB are 30. What is the TB specific death rate (per 1000 population) ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., 0-5 Specific death rates When analysis is planned to throw light on etiology, it is essential to use specific death rates. The specified death rate helps identify paicular 'at risk' group (s) for prevention. It also permits comparison between different causes within same population. The specific death... | 11,011 | medmcqa_train |
Ovulation coincides with : | LH surge | 11,012 | medmcqa_train |
Skin graft for facial wounds is taken from: | The thigh, is most frequentluy used as a donor site, but almost anywhere else can be used. Grafts are harvested using a skin graft knife or a power dermatome. | 11,013 | medmcqa_train |
A bacterium can divide every 20 minutes. Beginning with a single individual, how many bacteria will be there in the population if there is exponential growth for 3 hours? | A bacterium can divide every 20 minutes and exponential growth is for 3 hours,
Thus, C = 1,
And r = 1 (it doubles every time)
n = 3 hours/20 minutes = 9 times
Thus P = C (1 + r)n = 1 (1 + 1)9 = 29 = 512 | 11,014 | medmcqa_train |
Maximum scattering in X-ray plate occurs in | Scattering is directly propoional to the number of electrons available in the outer shell of the atom. option A : Carbon has 4 outer shell electrons option B : mercury has 2 outer shell electrons option C : H+ has 0 outer shell electrons option D : Ca++ has 0 outer shell electrons | 11,015 | medmcqa_train |
Suxamethonium is: | Suxamethonium is Succinyl choline that is a depolarising blocker. Suxamethonium chloride, also known assuxamethonium or succinylcholine, is a medication used to cause sho-term paralysis as pa of general anesthesia. This is done to help with tracheal intubation or electroconvulsive therapy. It is given either by injecti... | 11,016 | medmcqa_train |
Alcohol/ethanol induced fatty liver is caused by increased in ratio of? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., NADH to NAD,Ethyl alcohol (ethanol) is readily absorbed from GIT and degraded by oxidation (oxidative process).Liver is the major site for ethanol oxidation.Excess alcohol intake leads to excessive production of NADH with a concomitant decrease in NAD+ which causes Hypoglycemia, Inhibition of p- oxida... | 11,017 | medmcqa_train |
Which statement is not true about hallucinations? | Criteria for hallucination Occur in the absence of any object or stimulus Hallucination are as vivid as a real perception Occur in outer and objective space Not in the control of patient Inner & subjective space - pseudo hallucination M/c hallucination - auditory hallucination Tactile hallucination is seen in cocaine i... | 11,018 | medmcqa_train |
Which muscle does NOT contribute to dorsal digital expansion | Dorsal digital expansion is a tendinous modification of extensor digitorum and receives attachment of lumbricals, interossei but not adductor pollicis. Lumbricals andinterossei- MCP Flexion & IP extension their attachments to dorsal digital Expansion | 11,019 | medmcqa_train |
A 2-year-old boy is brought in by his mother because of the bloody stool after ingestion of unknown amount of rat poison (coumarin based). He is admitted and treated with fresh frozen plasma and vitamin K after his prothrombin time (PT) was found to be prolonged. What is the reason for bloody stool in this case? | Answer: c) Coumarin is antagonizing vitamin K reductase necessary for production of factors II, VII, IX and X* Vitamin K is necessary for production of factors II, VII, IX, and X. Coumarin will antagonize vitamin K reductase and can result in the bloody stool after poisoning* Irritation of bowels is possible, but it wo... | 11,020 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following statements about healthy, intact capillaries is true? | The smooth endothelial lining of intact, healthy capillaries inhibits clot formation. They are lined by a single layer of endothelial cells They do not have a smooth muscle coat. They do not control blood pressure | 11,021 | medmcqa_train |
All are carried through anterolateral system except:March 2005 | Ans. A: ProprioceptionAnterolateral system carries:PainThermal sensationsCrude touch and pressure sensations capable only of crude ability on the surface of the bodyTickle and itch sensationsSexual sensationsProprioception is carried in dorsal column-medial lemniscal system | 11,022 | medmcqa_train |
A 30 year old male, who met with a A, regained conscious after 36 hours. It was then discovered that the patient is unable to create new memories. The probable site of lesion for this symptom is | From the history, it is clear that the patient is suffering from anterograde amnesia. Therefore the site of lesion is hippocampus. Hippocampus is the primary structure within temporal lobe involved in conversion of sho-term memory to long-term memory. Hippocampal cognitive map is inappropriately reactivated during a de... | 11,023 | medmcqa_train |
Uncooked Fish eating causing Megaloblastic Anemia is due to ? | Diphyllobothrium latum /Fish tapeworm DH-Man, IH-1st- cyclops 2nd- fish if man eats uncooked fish then larvae is ingested changes to ADULT forms-these adult forms settle up in small and large intestine - these decreases VIT B12absorption - causing megablastic anaemia | 11,024 | medmcqa_train |
Tinea seen after inadvertent treatment with topical steroid is: | Ans: a (Tinea incognito) Ref: Davidson, 20th ed, p. 1083Inadvertent topical steroid application leads to worsening of the signs (tinea incognito) Chronic infestation with louse results in a post inflammatory hyperpigmentation and thickening of the skin known as "vagabond disease".Tinea versicolorCaused by malazzesia fu... | 11,025 | medmcqa_train |
T.J.Crow | Type I
Type II
Positive Symptoms
Negative Symptoms
CT and MRI normal
CT and MRI shows enlarged ventricles
Good Prognosis
Bad Prognosis | 11,026 | medmcqa_train |
Pityriasis rotunda is: | Pityriasis rotunda - Pityriasis rotunda is described as a persistent, large, sharply defined circular patch of dry ichthyosiform scaling with no inflammatory changes. Variant of Ichthyosis Fixed, annular, scaling, dry-skin change More often seen in the African and Asian races Associated with neoplasia, paicularly Hepat... | 11,027 | medmcqa_train |
Mercury poison acts on: | A i.e. Proximal convoluted tubule | 11,028 | medmcqa_train |
Kreb's cycle is the second metabolic pathway involved in the catabolism of carbohydrates into energy. First substrate of Kreb's cycle is: | Pyruvate enters the Krebs cycle (Citric acid cycle or Tricarboxylic acid cycle) following its conversion to acetyl-CoA; the reaction is catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase that links glycolysis to the citric acid cycle and produces one molecule of NADH. Ref: Janson L.W., Tischler M.E. (2012). Chapter 6. Carbohydrate Me... | 11,029 | medmcqa_train |
Muller's maneuver is ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Reverse of Valsalva's maneuver Muller's maneuvre : - A flexible endoscope is passed through the nose and the patient asked to inspire vigrously with nose and mouth completely closed. Look for collapse of the soft tissues at the level of base of tongue and just above the soft palate. Level of pharyngea... | 11,030 | medmcqa_train |
Collagen 7 is present in which layer of Basement membrane zone | SUBLAMINA DENSA * Contains anchoring fibrils, anchoring plaques, elastic microfibrils (without elastin), and linkin . Anchoring Fibril :- * Primary constituent is type VII collagen; appears larger than anchoring filaments and emanates perpendicularly down from lamina densa into papillary dermis. * Connects lamina densa... | 11,031 | medmcqa_train |
The cremaster muscle is innervated by which of the following nerves | CREMASTER MUSCLE:- Consists of muscle fasciculi embedded in cremasteric fascia. The fasciculi form superficial loops from middle one-third of upper surface of inguinal ligament and deep loops from pubic tubercle, pubic crest, and conjoint tendon. Fully developed in males. In females only few fibres. Muscle along with t... | 11,032 | medmcqa_train |
The pivot test is for: | The pivot shift test was positive for anterior cruciate deficiency. A pivot shift demonstrates a non-functioning ACL. Ref: Surgical Techniques for the Knee By Fred D. Cushner, W. Scott, Giles R. Scuderi, 2006 ; Apley's System of Ohopaedics and Fractures, 8th Edition, Pages 705, 708 | 11,033 | medmcqa_train |
Gun barrel vision is seen in | (B) Papillaedema# GUN BARREL VISION that appears as when looking through a Tunnel or Gun Barrel.> Common Causes:1. Glaucoma (Late)- Chronic open angle glaucoma2. Retinitis pigmentosa3. Post-papillaedema optic atrophy4. Hyaline bodies Drusen) of optic disc5. Bilateral occipital infarcts with macular sparing6. Malingerin... | 11,034 | medmcqa_train |
The corpus luteum of menstruation presents for: | 14 days | 11,035 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following DMARDs require liver function testing? | Methotrexate can lead to hepatotoxicity and therefore require regular liver function assessment. | 11,036 | medmcqa_train |
Antinuclear antibody specific for SLE is | Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmunedisease of protean manifestations and variableclinical behavior. Clinically, it is an unpredictable, remittingand relapsing disease of acute or insidious onset thatmay involve viually any organ in the body; however, itaffects principally the skin, kidneys, s... | 11,037 | medmcqa_train |
Pancreas is derived from | Pancreas is derived from foregut. Liver and pancreas are present at the junction of foregut and midgut. Oesophagus,stomach,liver,pancreas and duodenum are derived from endoderm of foregut. | 11,038 | medmcqa_train |
Middle ear cavity is connected anteriorly to: | Ans: B (Nasopharynx) Ref: Grays Anatomy 40th EdExplanation:Middle ear cavityAnterior wall - Upper canal for tensor tympan muscle & lower canal for auditory tube which communicates to the nasopharynxPosterior wall communicates the mastoid antrum through aditusLateral wall seperates the middle ear from external earMedial... | 11,039 | medmcqa_train |
Inferior most structure of right hilium is | Superior pulmonary vein is the anterior most and inferior pulmonary vein is the inferior most structures of both lung hiliumQ.Upper most structure of hilum (root) of lung is pulmonary aery (left side)Q and epaerial (superior lobar) bronchus (on right side) Q. | 11,040 | medmcqa_train |
Breast milk is deficient in w hich vitamin - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Vitamin K o Exclusive breasfed infants may have folfowine deficiencies -i) Vit Bl2 (if mother is strict vegetarian)ii) Vit Diii) Fluorideiv) Vit K"Breastfed infants are protected as the breastmilk contains adequate amounts of vitamin C, except when the mother is deficient in Vitamin C".-- O. P. Ghai 1... | 11,041 | medmcqa_train |
Carbamazepine increase medical, neurological and psychiatric symptoms, when used in | (A) Erythropoietic porphyria # Carbamazepine (CBZ) is an anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing drug used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder, as well as trigeminal neuralgia. It is also used off-label for a variety of indications, including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), schizoph... | 11,042 | medmcqa_train |
Post splenectomy sepsis is common in | Ans. is 'a' i.e. ITP; 'b' i.e. Thalassemia & 'c' i.e. Hereditary spherocytosis Schwaz writes about Postsplenectomy infections " Reason for splenectomy is the single most influential determinant of OPSI risk. Case series demonstrate that those who undergo splenectomy for hematologic disease (malignancy, myelodysplasia, ... | 11,043 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following drug is an example of psychological antagonism | Physiological antagonism describes the behavior of a substance that produces effects counteracting those of another substance (a result similar to that produced by an antagonist blocking the action of an agonist at the same receptor) using a mechanism that does not involve binding to the same receptor. Prostacyclin (PG... | 11,044 | medmcqa_train |
Diabetic retinopathy is essentially an angiopathy affecting retinal: | Ans. All of the above | 11,045 | medmcqa_train |
Post-translational modification of clotting factors requires | Vitamin K has an impoant role in the blood clotting process. It brings about the posttranslational modification of ceain blood clotting factors clotting factor II (prothrombin), factor VII (SPCA) factor IX (Christmas factor) factor X (Stua prower factor) Vitamin K is required for the post-translational carboxylation of... | 11,046 | medmcqa_train |
Which antipsychotic has maximum hypotensive side effect? | Ref: Goodman 3 Gill man. The pharmacological basis of therapeutics, 12'" edition, Pg No. 440 Basic and clinical Pharmacology by Betram Katzitng, 12th edition Pg No 508Explanation:Phenothiazines are classified into three groups: a. Aliphatic derivatives- Chlorpromazine h. Piperedine derivative- Thioradazine c. Piperazin... | 11,047 | medmcqa_train |
Acidophils secrete: | Acidophilic cell: Lactotrophs (10-30%) and Somatotrophs (50%).
Basophilic cell: Gonadotrophs (20%), Corticotrophs (10%) and Thyrotrophs (5%).
Somatotrophs – human growth hormone (hGH). Corticotropes – adrenocorticotropin (ACTH).
Thyrotrophs– thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
Gonadotrophs – gonadotropic hormones, whi... | 11,048 | medmcqa_train |
Causes of haemorrhagic pleural effusion are all except | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Bronchial adenoma Causes of hemorrhagic pleural effusion Trauma Malignancy Postpericardiotomy syndrome Asbestos related effusion Tuberculosis | 11,049 | medmcqa_train |
APGAR score - include A/E | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Respiratory rate | 11,050 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following doesn't show pleural effusion with low glucose levels? | Low glucose is seen in option rheumatoid ahritis, empyema, and malignancy. Hemorrhagic pleural effusion is seen in Trauma, Tumor and TB. Dressler's syndrome is a type of pericarditis, inflammation of the sac surrounding the hea (pericardium). Inflammation associated with Dressler's syndrome is believed to be an immune ... | 11,051 | medmcqa_train |
Recall bias is more common with | When cases and controls are asked questions about their past history it may be more likely for the cases to recall the existence of ceain events or factors than the controls who are healthy. (refer pgno:73 park 23rd edition) | 11,052 | medmcqa_train |
True about diveiculitis | diveiculosis usually presents as pain in the left iliac fossa,which is constant and radiates to back and groin.it is also associated with tenderness,bloody stool,massive hemorrhage,and mass in the left iliac fossa.complications includes perforation,progressive stenosis,pericolic abscess. Ref:SRB's manual of surgery,ed3... | 11,053 | medmcqa_train |
A 5yr old unimmunized child developed Diphtheria. He has a 3yr old immunised sibling contact, who received last booster 18 months back. What to do with the contact? | WHO Operational protocol for diptheria contacts - Assess diphtheria toxoid vaccination status of exposed close contacts. Vaccinate according to WHO strategy (which prioritizes children's vaccination). Type:Pentavalent (for 6 wks to 6 yrs) or Td (for 7 yrs and above). Number of doses:- Only one dose if documentary evide... | 11,054 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the best method for monitoring thiamine level in blood? | Thiamine deficiency is diagnosed by an increase in erythrocyte transketolase activity observed upon addition of thiamine pyrophosphate. The activation of apo-transketolase (the enzyme protein) in erythrocyte lysate by thiamine diphosphate added in vitro has become the accepted index of thiamine nutritional status. Ref:... | 11,055 | medmcqa_train |
Calcification of soft tissues without any distrubance of calcium metabolism is called: | . Dystrophic calcification | 11,056 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following are non-spore forming anaerobic bacteria that assume major significance in the disease process | All the above are Gram-negative non-sporing anaerobic bacilli associated commonly with a disease process. They assume major significance in the disease process Reference: Textbook of Microbiology; Anathanarayan and paniker's; 10th edition; Page no: 274 | 11,057 | medmcqa_train |
Microangiopathic hemolytic anaemia is seen in all of the following diseases except aEUR' | Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome Metallic cardiac valves do not cause microangiopathic hemolytic anemia. Don't mix microangiopathic hemolytic anemia with fragmentation syndrome. They are two separate entities, according to most standard text in hematology. Fragmentation syndrome Red cells when subjected to mechanical... | 11,058 | medmcqa_train |
The amount of blood loss during each menstrual period is about : | Ans. is b i.e. 35 cc Normal Menstrual Cycle : Average amount of blood loss = 35 ml / cycledeg Normal duration of flow < 7 daysdeg Mean duration = 4.7 daysdeg Cycle length = 21 - 35 daysdeg Abnormal menses terminology Term Interval Duration Amount Menorrhagia Regular Prolonged Excessive Metrorrhagia Irregular Prolonged ... | 11,059 | medmcqa_train |
A 52-year-old woman presents with exeional fatigue and ascites. She is noted to have a rapid, irregular pulse rate. The chest X-ray reveals a small hea with calcification seen on the lateral view. The 12-lead ECG demonstrates low QRS voltage. Clinical diagnosis is? | Calcification & low QRS voltage - indicates Constrictive pericarditis Other option: 1. Restrictive cardiomyopathy -No calcification 2. Acute Cor pulmonale- clots will be present 3. Rheumatic pan carditis - affects children | 11,060 | medmcqa_train |
IInd cranial nerve is: | Ans. A Optic nerveRef: Gray's Anatomy, 41st ed. pg. 310* The cranial nerves are individually named and numbered, using Roman numerals, in a rostro-caudal sequence, reflecting their order of attachment to the brain. They are named as follows:Cranial nervesCN numberCN nameAttachment/CommentsIOlfactory nerveArises from th... | 11,061 | medmcqa_train |
Signet ring sign is seen in: March 2013 (b, d) | Ans. D i.e. Bronchiectasis Signet ring sign The signet ring sign is a CT finding seen in patients with Bronchiectasis The ring of soft-tissue attenuation represents the wall of the dilated bronchus seen on a cross-sectional CT scan, whereas the low-attenuating circle of air represents air within the dilated bronchus. T... | 11,062 | medmcqa_train |
Diagnostic feature of parathyroid carcinoma is ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Metastasis There is general agreement that a diagnosis of parathyroid carcinoma based on cytological detail is unreliable, and invasion of surrounding tissues and metastasis are the only reliable criteria". Robbins | 11,063 | medmcqa_train |
At what blood alcohol level, there is Nystagmus, marked slurring of speech and alcoholic blackouts? | (B) 200 mg/dLLevelLikely impairment20-30 mg/dLSlowed motor performance and decreased thinking ability30-80 mg/dLIncreases in motor and cognitive problems80-200 mg/dLIncreases in incoordination and judgment errsMobilityDeterioration in cognition200-300 mg/dLNystagmus, marked slurring of speech, and alcoholic blackouts> ... | 11,064 | medmcqa_train |
True about delirium tremens? | A, B, C i.e. Clouding of consciousness, Coarse tremors | 11,065 | medmcqa_train |
This develops along lines of embryological fusion in the floor of the mouth. SELECT ONE. | Dermoid cysts arise along line of fusion of embryonic parts. In the floor of the mouth, the swelling forces the tongue upward. Alternatively, the swelling may occur below the mylohyoid muscle, where it gives the impression of a double chin. It is not a premalignant lesion. It has an epithelial lining and may contain se... | 11,066 | medmcqa_train |
Source of chronic subdural hematoma is: September 2011 | Ans. B: Venous Chronic subdural haematomas usually occur in the elderly and are more common in those on anti-coagulant or anti-platelet agents. There is usually but not always a history of minor head injury in the weeks or months prior to presentation. It is thought that small bridging veins tear and cause a small acut... | 11,067 | medmcqa_train |
Viscosity of synovial fluid depends upon:- | Ans. is 'd' Hyaluronic acid .The viscosity and the plastic (thixotropic properties) of the synovial fluid is because of its hyaluronate content.Hyaluronic acid, a glycosaminoglycan is a polymer of repeating disaccharide units (of glucuronic acid and N-acetyl glucosamine).Also RememberFunctions of Glycosaminoglycans* Hy... | 11,068 | medmcqa_train |
TPN may be complicated by - | • Characterized by severe fluid and electrolyte shifts in malnourished patients undergoing refeeding.
• It can occur with either enteral or parenteral nutrition but is more common with the latter.
• It results in hypophosphataemia, hypocalcaemia and hypomagnesaemia.
• Risk Factors: Alcohol dependency, severe malnutriti... | 11,069 | medmcqa_train |
a1 antitrypsin deficiency is seen in | i.e. (Emphysema): (486-Basicpathology 8th) (1638-H17th)Panacinar (Pan lobular) emphysema is associated with a-lAT deficiency which has a predilection for the lower lobesPatients with severe a 1-antiprotease (a 1-antitrypsin) deficiency are recognized by family history and the appearance of panacinar bibasilar emphysema... | 11,070 | medmcqa_train |
Ketone bodies are formed in: | Ketone bodiesThey are three different water-soluble biochemicals that are produced as by-products when fatty acids are broken down for energy in the liver.Two of the three are used as a source of energy in the hea and brain while the third (acetone) is a waste product excreted from the body.In the brain, they are a vit... | 11,071 | medmcqa_train |
Genital tuberculosis most common disseminates by? | Ans. (b) HematogenousRef: A comprehensive Textbook of Obstetrics and Gynecology BySadhana Gupta lsted p-215 | 11,072 | medmcqa_train |
The animal used for monoclonal antibodies production is | Monoclonal antibodies are produced from mouse or from human using hybridoma technology eg: reslizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody Ref: Textbook of Microbiology Baveja 5th ed Pg 138 | 11,073 | medmcqa_train |
Intraocular pressure is increased by which anesthetic | Ketamine may be contraindicated in patients with an open eye injury or other ophthalmologic disorder, in which a ketamine-induced increase in intraocular pressure would be detrimental. ketamine increases all the pressures - blood pressure intracranial pressure intragastric pressure intraocular pressure Ref: Miller's an... | 11,074 | medmcqa_train |
A person came to eye OPD for routine eye check u. On snellen's cha he was found to read 6/6. At what distance he should be able to read 6/24 | What does 6/6 mean in Snellen's cha * It means that the patient with or without glasses can see the letter at a distance of 6 m which a person normally should have been seeing at 6 m Now you would understand it by next example * 6/12 means a letter which a normal patient should be seeing at 12 metre , this patient can ... | 11,075 | medmcqa_train |
Platelet transfusion is not indicated in: | Answer is B (Immunogenic Thrombocytopenia) Immunogenic thrombocytopenias are caused by immune mediated destruction of platelets and therefore platelet supplementation is unlikely to benefit. Hemorrhage in a case of immunogenic thrombocytopenia such as Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) is controlled by - Glucoco... | 11,076 | medmcqa_train |
Which among the following factors level is not altered in vit K deficiency? | Ans b: (Factor VIII) Ref: Harrison p.367, 728-730Coagulation factors II, VII, IX, X and protein C, S and Z are dependent on Vit K for post translational modification. Vit K also for bone protein osteocalcin and vascular smooth muscle protein- matrix glaproteinFew more points:* Gamma carboxy glutamic acid residues in th... | 11,077 | medmcqa_train |
Output cells of cerebellum - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Purkinje cells o The cerebellar cortex contains five types of neurons : Purkinje cells, granule cells, basket cells, stellate cells, and golgi cells.o The axons of purkinje cells are the only output from the cerebellar cortex, generally pass to the deep nucleio Neurons of deep nuclei form the ultimate... | 11,078 | medmcqa_train |
Components of chromosome area) DNAb) t RNAc) m RNAd) r RNAe) Histone | Nucleosomes are further arranged into increasingly more complex structures that organize into chromosomes.
Chromosomes are made up of DNA, histones, and non-histone protein. | 11,079 | medmcqa_train |
Von- rosen splint are applicable in | (Developmental dysplasia of hip joint) (202- M)VON- ROSEN'S SPLINT - is an H-shaped melleable splint* Object of splintage is to hold the hips some what flexed and abducted* Used in congenital dislocation / dysplasia of hip jointAlso - Remember* Frog leg or Lorenz cast or Batchelor cast used in CDH* Broomstick plaster u... | 11,080 | medmcqa_train |
Most common pancreatic endocrine neoplasm: | M/C NET of Pancreases - Non-Functional (PPOMA) M/C functional NET of Pancreas -Insulinoma MC Functional Enteropancreatic NET in MEN 1 - Gastrinoma > Insulinoma M/C functional & Malignant NET of Pancreas - Gastrinoma IOC for localization of NET - SRS (Somatostatin receptor Scintigraphy) | 11,081 | medmcqa_train |
A patient underwent Bhadrenalectomy in views of B/L pheochromocytoma 1 day later developed lethargy fatigue low BP and pulse normal No signs of volume deficit likely course | ref harissons 21st ed | 11,082 | medmcqa_train |
Monochorionic monoamniotic twin occurs if division occurs : | > 8 days | 11,083 | medmcqa_train |
A.M.L. with worst prognosis | Monsomy 7 [Ref Harrison 17th/e p 680 & leh/e p 6341 There are number of factors which determine the prognosis in A.M.L. In a number of studies in last 2 decades it has been observed that cytogenetic markers are major determinants in assessment of prognosis. Prognosis of Acute Myeloid leukemia . t (8 ; 21),Q * Good prog... | 11,084 | medmcqa_train |
Man is intermediate host of? | ANSWER: (A) MalariaREF: Jawett's 24th edition Section VI. Parasitology chapter 46. Medical ParasitologyRepeat in December 2011, December 2009Man is the defenitive host in most parasitic infections except in:Echinococcus granulosusPlasmodiumTaenia Solium(man is both defenitive and intermediate host)Toxoplasma gondiiSarc... | 11,085 | medmcqa_train |
Cozen's test is used for the diagnosis of - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Tennis elbow o Bryant's test: for anterior dislocation of the shouldero Call way s' test: for anterior dislocation of the shouldero Chovstek's sign : for tetanyo Claw hand : for ulnar nerve injuryo Coin test: for dorso lumbar tuberculosis of spineo Cozen's test: for tennis elbowo Drawer test: for ACL ... | 11,086 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the most common cause of meningoencephalitis in children – | "Enteroviruses are the most common cause of meningoencephalitis" | 11,087 | medmcqa_train |
A 42-year-old man experiences malaise and increasing icterus for 2 weeks. Physical examination shows jaundice, but there are no other significant findings. Serologic test results are positive for IgM anti-HAV and negative for anti-HCV, HBsAg, and IgM anti-HBc. Which of the following outcomes is most likely to occur in ... | The detection of IgM anti-HAV indicates acute infection. Progression of HAV infection to chronic hepatitis does not occur, but a few cases are complicated by fulminant hepatitis. HAV viremia is transient, so blood-borne transmission of HAV is rare. HAV is spread by the fecal-oral route, such as raw shellfish from a bay... | 11,088 | medmcqa_train |
Investigation of choice for diagnosing downs syndrome at 15 weeks of gestation in a mother with a history of delivering a down syndrome baby is which of the following: | Amniocentesis is the investigation of choice for the diagnosis of downs syndrome. It is done between 14-16 weeks of gestation. It is performed in the context of prior history of a child with downs syndrome, advanced maternal age, abnormal triple or quad assay. Ref: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17th Editi... | 11,089 | medmcqa_train |
The marked area develops from(in green colour) | The marked area is floor of fossa ovalis that developes from septum primum | 11,090 | medmcqa_train |
A middle aged female presents with increasing visual loss, breast enlargement and irregular menses. Investigation of choice would be: | A middle aged female is presenting with:
Increasing visual loss
Breast enlargement
Irregular menses
All these features can be explained by pituitary adenoma.
Most common type of pituitary adenomas prolactinomas
Prolactinomas can be diagnosed by raised serum prolactin levels so, the investigation of choice here is se... | 11,091 | medmcqa_train |
Processing of tactile stimulation occurs in Brodmann's area ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 1, 2, 3Processing of general sensory inputs primarily occurs in primary somatosensory area of parietal lobe.Primary somatosensory area is Brodmann's areas 3, 1, 2. | 11,092 | medmcqa_train |
Acute Lung Injury (ALI) is characterized by all except | Acute lung injury (ALI) is a less severe disorder but has the potential to evolve into ARDS. The aerial PaO2 (in mmHg)/FIO2 (inspiratory O2 fraction) <200 mmHg is characteristic of ARDS, while a PaO2/FIO2 between 200 and 300 identifies patients with ALI who are likely to benefit from aggressive therapy.Ref: Harrison's ... | 11,093 | medmcqa_train |
Vitamin acting on intranuclear receptors - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Vitamin D o Two vitamins are considered as hormones which act on intranuclear receptors (steroid receptor famity). There are:-i) Vitamin A (retinoic acid)ii) Vitamin D | 11,094 | medmcqa_train |
A Rh negative G4P3+O has an antibody level of 15 IU/ml (IAT 1 :32) at 27 weeks.What is the most appropriate next step in the management? | Ans. is c, i.e. Estimate the middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocityThe antibody titer is high the next step is to determine whether the ISO fetus is anaemic due to haemolysis. The middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (MCA-PSV) is the best method of assessing the fetal condition. When the fetus has devel... | 11,095 | medmcqa_train |
Brucella abous primarily affects | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Cattle Human brucellosis is a zoonosis, acquired from animals directly or indirectly. The animals that commonly act as sources Sheep, goat and camel Cattle or Buffalo Swine Dog Br melitensis Br. abous Br suis Br canis | 11,096 | medmcqa_train |
Eustachian tube opens due to contraction of which of the following muscles | Three muscles are related to the eustachian tube: tensor veli palatini, levator veli palatini and salpingopharyngeus. The medial fibres of the tensor veli palatini are attached to the lateral lamina of the tube and when they contract help to open the tubal lumen. These fibres have also been called dilator tubae muscle.... | 11,097 | medmcqa_train |
In a case of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, the metabolic disturbance is | Repetitive vomiting leads to hypochloremic, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis. The urine is alkaline initially but eventually it becomes acidic (paradoxical aciduria)
Cause of paradoxical aciduria
Initially the kidney compensate for metabolic alkalosis by reabsorbing hydrogen and chloride ions in exchange for sodium, p... | 11,098 | medmcqa_train |
Agar polymer has | Composition of Commercial Reversible Hydrocolloid Impression Materials: | 11,099 | medmcqa_train |
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