query
stringlengths
1
1.57k
pos
stringlengths
1
22.5k
idx
int64
0
161k
task_name
stringclasses
1 value
The partial pressure of CO2 is lowest in:
Ref: Multiple sources, Guyton, 12th edition, Pages 487- 488. 502-503: Khurana, W F Ganong, Review of Medical Physiology, 23rd edition Explanation: Normal PO2 and PCO2 at various sites Atmosphere (sea level) (inspired air Alveoli Pulmonary vein Arterial blood Tissue Venous Pulmonary artery Etpurid Air pO2 160 149-160 10...
14,000
medmcqa_train
Testicular tumour can simulate ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Scrotum
14,001
medmcqa_train
A 12 years old boy presents with recurrent attacks of conjunctivitis for the last 2 years with intense itching and ropy discharge. The diagnosis is –
Recurrent conjunctivitis, intense itching and ropy discharge in a 12 year old boy suggest the diagnosis of spring catarrh.
14,002
medmcqa_train
Vomar-sphenoidal rostrum junction is?
C i.e. Schindylesis
14,003
medmcqa_train
Type II A is associated with all of the following, EXCEPT
Answer is C (Decreased Urinary citrate) Type II A is associated with normal or increased urinary citrate `Urine citrate levels are normal or high because of reduced proximal tubular reabsorption of citrate' -- Harrisons
14,004
medmcqa_train
Comment on the diagnosis?
Ans. (a) Down syndrome.Notice the hypotonia with facial grimace and a wide gap between the first and second toe of the foot. The karyotype confirms it to be trisomy 21.Mnemonic for DOWN Syndrome is "CHILD HAS PROBLEM"* Cataracts/heart disease (Endocardial cushion defect)* Hypotonia/hyperthyroidism* Incur 5th finger/Inc...
14,005
medmcqa_train
Normal voice heard from 1 meter, intensity of sound reaching ear is
Ans. is 'c' i.e. 60dB Intensity is the strength of sound which determines its loudness. It is usually measured in deeibeis (dB). o Following are intensities when a person is at a distance of one meter from sound source. Whisper 30dB Normal conversation 60dB Shout 90 dB Discomfo of ear 120dB Fain in ear 130 dB
14,006
medmcqa_train
With reference to Escherichia coli infections, the following are true, EXCEPT:
Enteroinvasive E. Coli shares many genetic and clinical features with Shigella not salmonella. Enterotoxins produced by it initially induce secretory small-bowel diarrhea. Subsequently it colonize and invades the colonic mucosa resulting in the development of inflammatory colitis characterized by fever, abdominal pain,...
14,007
medmcqa_train
Dissociative anaesthesia is produced by - (PGI 99)
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Ketamine Dissociative anaesthesia is characterized by profound analgesia, immobility, amnesia with light sleep and feeling of dissociation from once own body and the surroundings Cataleptic state. Ketamine (phencyclidine) induces dissociative anaesthesia.
14,008
medmcqa_train
Brunner's glands secrete an alkaline product that helps achieve optimal pH for the activity of pancreatic enzymes. Where are these glands located?
Brunner's glands are located in the submucosa of the duodenum. These glands are connected to the intestinal lumen by ducts that open into ceain crypts. They secrete an alkaline product that protects the duodenal mucosa from the acidic chyme and helps achieve optimal pH for pancreatic enzymes. The small intestinal villi...
14,009
medmcqa_train
Layer of non-pigmented epithelium of the ciliary body is the forward continuation of the:
Ans. Sensory retina
14,010
medmcqa_train
HIV is not seen in:
Ans: a (Tears) Ref: Harrison, 16th ed, p. 1079; 17th ed, p. 1144HIV is not usually found in tears. It is usually transmitted by semen, cervical secretion and blood.HIVClinical features1. Primary infectionIt is symptomatic in 70-80% of cases and usually occurs 2-4 weeks after exposure. The major clinical manifestations ...
14,011
medmcqa_train
The shunt surgery to control variceal bleeding in noncirrhotic poal fibrosis is done, if:
Shunt surgery is preferred in Non cirrhotic poal fibrosis with: Symptomatic large splenomegaly Very low platelet count (<20,000) Stays far away from a good medical center where an upper GI bleed can be tackled Rare blood group Endoscopic variceal ligation is preferred as the treatment modality for UGI bleeding in NCPF....
14,012
medmcqa_train
All are cndopeptidases except -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Carboxypeptidase o Trypsin, chymotrypsin and elastase are endopeptidases, which means that they split peptide linkages in the middle of the amino acid chain, not at either end.o Carboxypeptidases (A and B), on the other hand, are exopeptidases, i.e., They split the peptide linkage at the carboxyl end ...
14,013
medmcqa_train
A 25-year-old lady presented with fever of one month duration, ataxia and headache. Brain imaging showed dilated ventricles with basal exudates. Which among the following is the most likely CSF finding?
Ans. c. Lymphocytosis, low glucose, high protein (Ref: Harrison 19/e p1111, 18/e p3414)Presence of significant basal exudates, together with dilated ventricles (hydrocephalus) in a young female with prolonged history of fever and headache suggests a diagnosis of tubercular meningitis. Tubercular meningitis is character...
14,014
medmcqa_train
Agammaglobulinemia can present with?
ANSWER: (D) All aboveREF: Harrisons 18th ed chapter 361Major signs and symptoms of B cell defects are due to inadequate production of antibodies, and most mucosal membranes are left unguarded, hence leading to their infections.Defective antibody production allows the establishment of invasive, pyogenic bacterial infect...
14,015
medmcqa_train
Most commonly used scalpel blade for intraoral surgery is:
Most commonly used scalpel blade for intraoral surgery – No. 15 The blade used primarily for making small stab incisions, such as for incising an abscess – No. 11 Blade commonly used for skin incisions – No. 10 blade The hooked blade commonly used for mucogingival procedures – No. 12 blade The blades commonly used in g...
14,016
medmcqa_train
Nef gene in HIV is for use-
nef ( negative factor gene) down regulates viral replication. REF:ANANTHANARAYAN AND PANIKER'S TEXTBOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 9TH EDITION PAGE NO-572
14,017
medmcqa_train
The use of tamoxifen for breast cancer can cause all of the following adverse effects, except:
Tamoxifen reduces the recurrence rate of breast cancer in ipsilateral as well as contralateral breasts. Adverse effects associated with the use of tamoxifen are: 2-3 fold increased risk of thromboembolism 2-3 fold increased risk of endometrial carcinoma Hot flushes, vomiting, vaginal discharge, menstrual irregularities...
14,018
medmcqa_train
Extragonadal germ cell tumors occur in all of the following except -
Extragonadal germ cell tumors occur at : - Mediastinum → M.C. site.       Retroperitoneum  → 2nd M.C. site.      Sacrococcygeal region → Sacrococcygeal teratoma. Pineal gland
14,019
medmcqa_train
Which among the following is the commonest type of parotid tumor?
Pleomorphic adenomas, or benign mixed tumors, are the most common neoplasms of the salivary glands. They represent approximately 60-70% of all parotid tumors and 90% of submandibular benign tumors. These neoplasms affect females more than males and are commonly seen in the third to sixth decades of life. It presents as...
14,020
medmcqa_train
Which of the following enters the TCA cycle at succinyl - CoA?
Valine Isoleucine Methionine conves to Propionyl CoA & then conves to Succinyl CoA & enters the cycle.Ref: DM Vasudevan Textbook of Medical Biochemistry, 6th edition, page no: 221
14,021
medmcqa_train
Nasion lies at the junction of
The nasion is the point where the internasal and frontonasal sutures meet. It lies a little above the floor of the depression at the root of the nose, below the glabella. Nasion is termed as the central point of the frontonasal suture. Ref: BD Chaurasia's HUMAN ANATOMY, Volume 3, 4th edition.
14,022
medmcqa_train
Vitamin deficiency causing optic atrophy -
Ans. is 'b' i.e. Vitamin B Nutritional optic atrophyo The exact mechanism by which nutritional deficits damage the optic nerve has not been elucidated. Although the etiology is likely multifactorial, most clinicians agree that in patients who abuse ethanol and tobacco, malnourish- ment is often present and undemutritio...
14,023
medmcqa_train
Which of the following instructions is not given if a second puff is required from this device?
Ans. A. Wash mouth between two puffsRecommendations for correct inhaler technique: -a. Remove capb. Check does counter (if applicable)c. Hold inhaler upright and shake welld. Breathe out gently, away from the inhalere. Put mouthpiece between teeth without biting and close lips to form good sealf. Start to breathe in sl...
14,024
medmcqa_train
A 45-year-old woman underwent a modified radical mastectomy 4 years ago. She was treated for multiple bone metastases with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and fluorouracil for 6 months. She is complaining of exeion on exercise, swelling of the legs, and swelling around eyes in the morning. On examination, she has bilate...
Answer is B (Drug induced cardiac toxicity) Features of cardiac failure in a patient on doxorubicin suggests the possibility of Anthracycline induced cardiac toxity.Risk of Anthracyclinc induced cardiac toxicity is increased with concomitent radiation and cyclophosphamide. cardiac failure after 6 months of chemotherapy...
14,025
medmcqa_train
The structure marked with arrow is most likely:
Because of its relatively low radiodensity, calculus is better visualized on images made with reduced exposure.
14,026
medmcqa_train
The histology of Lobular carcinoma of breast reveals-
Invasive lobular carcinoma consists of cells morphologically identical to the cells of LCIS. Two thirds of the cases are associated with adjacent LCIS. The cells invade individually into stroma and are often aligned in "single-file" strands or chains. This growth pattern correlates with the presence of mutations that a...
14,027
medmcqa_train
You are in the eye OPD and wish to use a topical beta blocker in a patient. The chosen drug by you should have all the following properties EXCEPT:
Drugs having local anesthetic property will increase the risk of corneal ulcers.
14,028
medmcqa_train
Medical treatment of pancreatitis includes :
Answer is C (Calcium) :
14,029
medmcqa_train
Alkalinization of urine is required for decreasing poisoning due to
For acidic drug poisoning like (barbiturates, salicylates and methotrexates) ,urinary alkinization agents are prescribed where as basic drug poisoning (morphine, amphetamine ,atropine etc) urinary acidification agents are prescribed. Refer Ltd 7/e p29
14,030
medmcqa_train
Eastern equine encephalitis virus is associated with a high fatality rate. Control of the disease could be possible by eradication of
Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) is a severe disease usually seen in the summer months when Aedes mosquitoes are prevalent. In 1996 and 1997, there were several outbreaks in the Northeast United States. Control of EEE is a function of mosquito eradication. Horses and humans are accidental hosts. While draining of swam...
14,031
medmcqa_train
Most common cause of Mediastinitis is:
Answer is B (Esophageal rupture): Most cases of acute mediastinitis are due to esophageal perforation or occur after median sternotomy for cardiac surgery- Harrison Acute Mediastinitis Chronic Mediastinitis 1. 2. Esophageal rupture Q Median sternotomy for cardiac surgery 1. 2. 3. Tuberculosis / Histoplasmosis (most cas...
14,032
medmcqa_train
All are true about pre eclampsia except
Pathophysiology of preeclampsia: In Brain: The main finding is cerebral vasospasm.Small cerebral haemorrhages,thrombosis, and fibrinoid necrosis can occur especially in eclampsia.Cerebral oedema also usual in eclampsia In Liver: Peripoal thrombosis and fibrin deposition,hemorhages,necrosis are seen in the liver.There i...
14,033
medmcqa_train
All are true regarding nitrous oxide except
Nitrous oxide being combustible agent, is contraindicated in laser surgeries.
14,034
medmcqa_train
All of the following may be seen with Neuroleptic malignant syndrome except -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Hypothermia Features of Neuroleptic malignant syndrome o Marked muscle rigidity o Semiunconciousness o High fever (not hypotermia) o Extrapyramidal effects (involuntary movement) o Autonomic instability (Fluctuating BP & Hea rate) o Increased CPK.
14,035
medmcqa_train
Which of the following is reducing sugar
Sucrose and Trehalose are non reducing sugars. Isomaltose is a disaccharide similar to maltose but with α (1,6) linkage instead of α (1,4) linkage.
14,036
medmcqa_train
Which of the following is not a cachetic gene?
Ans is 'c' i.e. Smad 7 o Smad 7 gene delivery prevents cachexia.o Smad-3y melanocortin - 4 receptor (MC4R) and APEH (acylpeptide hydrolase) genes have been implicated in causation of cancer cachexia.
14,037
medmcqa_train
Features of Raynaud's disease are all except
Raynaud's disease is usually Bilateral.
14,038
medmcqa_train
What is true regarding the gamma efferent neuron?
(D) All of the above # SPINDLES have motor nerve supply of their own and these nerves constitute about 30% of fibers in ventral roots, and belong in Erlanger and Gasser's A g group.> Because of their characteristic 3-6 mm diameter in size or called g efferents of Leksell or small motor nerve system.> Larger b motor neu...
14,039
medmcqa_train
One of the following drugs does not cause thrombocytopenia:
Phenobarbitone
14,040
medmcqa_train
A 6 year old male presents with irreducible hernia. He had a dnoron seducible hernia for 5 years prior to this. He had bowel movement while examination at surgery, a Richter's hernia was found which of the following is true
Richter's hernia is part of bowl wall entrapped in the hernial sac. Leads to partial occlusion of lumen. Bowel movements.
14,041
medmcqa_train
Milk ring test is seen in-
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Brucellosis o Tests for detection of brucellosis in herds of cattle.Rapid plate agglutination testRose bengal card testo Tests to detect antibodies in milk.Milk ring testWhey agglutination test
14,042
medmcqa_train
Odds ratio is related to:
Relative risk
14,043
medmcqa_train
A 50-year-old man presented with multiple pathological fractures. His serum calcium was 11.5 mg/dl and phosphate was 2.5 mg/dl. Alkaline phosphatase was 940 I.U./dl. The most probable diagnosis is -
Multiple pathological fractures, high calcium, low phosphate and high alkaline phosphatase suggest the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism.
14,044
medmcqa_train
Omenn syndrome is
Omenn syndrome is an autosomal recessive form of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) characterized by erythroderma (skin redness), desquamation (peeling skin), alopecia (hair loss), chronic diarrhea, failure to thrive, lymphadenopathy (enlarged lymph nodes ), eosinophilia, hepatosplenomegaly , and elevated serum Re...
14,045
medmcqa_train
. Respiratory centre depression is caused by all except-
Strychnine is a toxic alkaloid that acts as an antagonist of the inhibitory glycine receptor of CNS,thereby producing overstimulation of nervous system. Barbiturates,opioids and gelsemium(yellow jasmine) are potential respiratory centre depressants.
14,046
medmcqa_train
Which of the following is true regarding Von Willebrand disease?
Ref. Robbins Pathology. 9th edition. Page. 667   Von Willebrand’s factor is a glycoprotein made in epithelial cells and megakaryocytes which: Acts as a bridging molecule between platelets and the sub-endothelium Helps platelets bind to each other Is a carrier of factor VIII, helping to prevent its breakdown in the cir...
14,047
medmcqa_train
Cis atracurium is preferred over atracurium due to advantage of
Cisatracurium is preferred over atracurium as it does not release histamine. Onset of action is same for both atracurium and cisatracurium. Cis-atracurium has longer duration of action.
14,048
medmcqa_train
Ulcer serpens is caused by:
Ulcer serpens is a characteristic ulcer caused by pneumococci, it has a tendency to creep over cornea in a serpiginous fashion. Greyish white/ yellowish disc like lesion near centre of cornea, opacity is greater at the edges than at the centre paicularly well marked in one direction. Violent iritis is present and there...
14,049
medmcqa_train
Preganglionic parasympathetic fibres to parotid gland relay at
Sensory root by the auriculotemporal nerve. Sympathetic root is by the sympathetic plexus around middle meningeal aery. Secretomotor root is by the lesser petrosal nerve from the tympanic branch of cranial nerve IX. Motor root is by a branch from nerve to medial pterygoid. Ref BDC volume3,6th edition pg 311
14,050
medmcqa_train
Which is Eaton agent?
Ref: Ananthnarayan R. Paniker CKJ. Textbook of Microbiology. 8th Edition. Hyderabad: Universities Press: 2009. Pg. 389.Explanation:Mycoplasma pneumoniae causes primary atypical pneumoniaEaton (1944) was the first to isolate the causative agent of the disease in hamsters and cotton rats.He was able to transmit the infec...
14,051
medmcqa_train
All are true about Air-embolism except
(D) Decreased residual volume # Venous Air Embolism:> Venous air embolism (VAE), the entry of gas into the peripheral or central vasculature, can occur secondary to iatrogenic complications, trauma, and even certain recreational activities.> Gas emboli are usually composed of air, but they can also occur with medically...
14,052
medmcqa_train
Gene encoding which protein is defective in Dubin Johnson syndrome?
B. MRP2(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 1931, 1938)In Dubin Johnson syndrome, ABCC2 gene is affected, that codes for MRP2 protein. Absent function of multiple drug-resistant protein 2 (MRP2), an adenosine triphosphate-dependent canalicular transporter, is the responsible defect, that leads to defective conjugated bilirubin excret...
14,053
medmcqa_train
Which of the following condition does not present with both mullerian and wolffian duct structures?
Karyotype is 46 XY Since Y chromosome is present gonads are testis, i.e. they are males. In this syndrome, in males - Sertoli cells fail to secrete Mullerian inhibiting substance and the Mullerian duct is present. Since Leyding cell is also present, they secrete testosterone normally, thus Wolffian duct is also present...
14,054
medmcqa_train
Van-Nuys classification does not include which of the following?
Van Nuy's prognostic index (VNPI) was designed for DCIS patients, to determine which patients do not required radiotherapy after tumour resection. Size of tumour Width of margins Age of patient Grade Microcalcification (mnemonic: - micro SWAG)
14,055
medmcqa_train
Hair growth correlates with serum androgen levels in all these areas EXCEPT...
Hirsutism is excessive growth of terminal hair in a male pattern distribution. This is different from hyperichosis, which is excessive hair growth everywhere in the body Quantification is done using Ferriman Gallway Scoring This refers paicularly to midline hair, side burns, moustache, beard, chest or intermammary hair...
14,056
medmcqa_train
Chimeric human / murine monoclonal antibody'are -
Monoclonal mouse IgG1 antibody against human CD20 Rituximab has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of various lymphoid malignancies, including B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia also used in treatment of ebola . Ref Harrison20th edition pg 1078
14,057
medmcqa_train
Agent used for sterilization -
All are disinfectants but ethylene oxide is used for sterilizing hea-lung machines ,respiratory sutures ,dental equipments books and clothings. it is unsuitable for fumigating rooms because of its explosive propey. it has been successfully used to sterilise a wide range of materials such as glass metal and paper surfac...
14,058
medmcqa_train
The cell bodies of orexinergic neurons are present in:
Orexin-containing cell bodies are found exclusively in the lateral hypothalamus (LH), perifornical area (PFA), and dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) while orexin-containing fibers and terminals are widely distributed in almost all of the brain regions. Ref: Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology, 22nd Edition, Page 238; Ne...
14,059
medmcqa_train
All are related to recurrent shoulder dislocation except
D i.e. Rotator cuff injury
14,060
medmcqa_train
Cock-up splint is used for: September 2011
Ans. C: Radial nerve injury Cock-up splint is used for radial nerve palsy (extensors of wrist and metacarpophalangeal joints paralyzed) Splints in Ohopaedics: Aeroplane splint: Brachial plexus injury Von Rosen splint: Congenital dislocation of hip/ DDH Knuckle bender splint: Ulnar nerve injury
14,061
medmcqa_train
A 5-year-old child presents with pustular lesions on the lower legs. The culture from the lesion showed hemolytic colonies on blood agar which were Gram-positive cocci. Provisional diagnosis of Group A streptococcal pyoderma can be done by?
Ans. (a) Catalase positivity Pyoderma (Impetigo Superficial infection of the skin, caused primarily by Group A Streptococci and Staphylococci Usual site of infection are face (paicularly around nose and mouth) and the legs Diagnosis is based on the culture and staining of indeginous lesion. Gram positive cocci if catal...
14,062
medmcqa_train
DAX 1 gene Mutation is associated with
Ans. C. Congenital adrenal hypoplasiaExplanationDAX1 mutation is seen in congenital adrenal hypoplasia.DAX1 (dosage-sensitive sex reversal, adrenal hypoplasia critical region, on chromosome X, gene 1) is a nuclear receptor protein encoded by the NROBlgene.DAX1 plays an important role in the normal development of severa...
14,063
medmcqa_train
Post head injury, the patient had conductive deafness and on examination, tympanic membrane was normal and mobile. Likely diagnosis is:
Fracture temporal bone (more commonly longitudinal) extending to external canal: tympanic membrane is frequently torn and inner ear is spared.Blood or CSF in external and middle ear.Damage to ossicle (most frequent being incudo-stapedial joint) resulting in more severe and permanent conductive deafness.Aseptic necrosis...
14,064
medmcqa_train
Which of the following is not a part of lower motor neuron?
Ans. B Peripheral gangliaRef: Gray's, 41st ed. pg. 231, 303Lower motor neuron (LMN): It consists of-* Anterior horn cells or homologous cells in brainstem* Anterior spinal nerve root* Peripheral nerve
14,065
medmcqa_train
All are used in hyperkalemia except
50 ml of 50% dextrose Dextrose alone It was earlier believed that administration of dextrose alone can cause shift of potassium inside the cells by promoting insulin releases. The administration of hypeonic dextrone alone for hyperkalemia is not recommended for two reasons. - Endogenous insulin levels are unlikely to r...
14,066
medmcqa_train
Intense local pain, swelling, ecchymoses, and oozing of the hemolyzed blood from the site of snake bite is most likely to occur with bite of which species of snake?
Types of venom -- may be* Neurotoxic -- cobra, krait* Hemotoxic -- vipers* Myotoxic -- sea snake Ref: K.S. Narayan Reddy's Synopsis of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, 29th edition, Chapter 28 page-309,310.
14,067
medmcqa_train
Most common cause of CRF in adults is -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., DM o Diabetes mellitus is the most common cause of Renal failure.
14,068
medmcqa_train
BRAF V600E mutations are seen in all of the following Except
BRAF V600E (valine conveing to glutamate at the 600th position)is seen in the following cancers:Langerhan's cell histiocytosisHairy cell leukemiaMalignant melanomaPilocytic astrocytoma (WHO Grade I astrocytoma)Ovarian carcinomaEndometrial carcinomaColorectal carcinomaPapillary carcinoma thyroidErdheim Chester disease
14,069
medmcqa_train
A 40 years old male had undergone splenectomy 20 years ago. Peripheral blood smear examination would show the presence of:
Howell-Jolly bodies are spherical or ovoid eccentrically located granules in stroma of erythrocytes in stained preparations. These represent nuclear remnants and these occur most frequently after: 1. Splenectomy 2. Megaloblastic anemia 3. Severe hemolytic anemia
14,070
medmcqa_train
Social pathology is-
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Study of social problems which cause disease in population o Social Pathology: Is the study of social problems which undermine the social, psychological or economical health of the populations; it is used to describe relationship between disease and social conditions. o Social pathology is uncovered b...
14,071
medmcqa_train
A total of 130 patients were screened for Disc prolapse by CT scan and confirmation of the disease was made by discectomy operation. Out of 56 patient who screened positive in CT-scan, 46 were confirmed for disease in operation. Rest 74 patient who were screened negative in CT scan, only 40 patient were confirmed negat...
+ - Total + a (46) b (10) 56 - c (34) d (40) 74 Sensitivity = x 100 = 46/80 x 100 = 0.575 Specificity = x 100 = 40/50 x100 = 0.80 LR+ = = 0.575/ (1-0.80) = 2.875 LR- = = 1-0.575 / 0.80 = 0.531
14,072
medmcqa_train
Continuous murmur is found in all, EXCEPT:
Answer is A (Mitral stenosis with Mitral Regurgitation ) Continuous murmur is not associated with mitral stenosis and mitral regurgitation. Patent ductus aeriosus, Rupture of sinus of valsalva and systemic AVfistulas are all associated with continuous murmurs Causes of Continuous Murmur(Hurst) Continuous Murmur caused ...
14,073
medmcqa_train
A patient with hypeension presents with following skin lesions. What is the diagnosis?
The image shows a reticular net-like appearance called as livedo reticularis- mottled reticulated vascular pattern that appears as a lace-like purplish discoloration of the skin. The discoloration is caused by swelling of the venules owing to obstruction of capillaries by small blood clots.
14,074
medmcqa_train
Inhalational agent of choice for neurosurgery ?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Isoflurane Anaesthetic agents of choice for vaous conditions Day care : Ischemic hea disease : Congenital hea disease Left to right shunt : Right to left shunt : CHF : Shock To produce delibrate hypotenion Epilepsy : For electroconvulsive therapy : Thyrotoxicosis : Cardiac surgery : Neurosurgery : Pro...
14,075
medmcqa_train
Thiazides can cause
Anti hypeensive agents like thiazides and -blockers can cause impotence. It is maximum with thiazides among anti-hypeensive drugs and is thought to be due to volume depletion.
14,076
medmcqa_train
Increased permeability in acute inflammation is due to -
Robbins basic pathology 9th edition page no 34 Endothelial cell contraction leading to ntercellular gaps in postcapillary venules is the most common cause of increased vascular permeability. Endothelial injury occurs rapidly after the binding of histamine, bradykinin, leukotiens, and many other mediators to specific re...
14,077
medmcqa_train
Right hepatic duct drains all, except-
Segments V, and VI are part of the right hepatic lobe and are therefore drain into the right hepatic duct. Segments III is a part of the left hepatic lobe and is, therefore, drains into the left hepatic duct. Segment I (Caudate lobe), though anatomically is a part of the left lobe, is functionally is part of both right...
14,078
medmcqa_train
Sprinter gets its immediate energy from
Muscular activity accounts for much of the body&;s energy consumption. Muscles have a sho-term store of energy in the form of creatine phosphate which is generated from ATP and can regenerate ATP when needed with creatine kinase. Muscles also keep a storage form of glucose in the form of glycogen. Glycogen can be rapid...
14,079
medmcqa_train
Optic atrophy may occur in all, except:
Leprosy
14,080
medmcqa_train
"Central clearing" is seen with
Central clearing: Tinea Central Crusting: Leishmaniasis Central Scarring: Lupus vulgaris.
14,081
medmcqa_train
Test to detect maternal sensitization -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Indirect coombs test
14,082
medmcqa_train
Cyst which develops from Rests of Serres is:
Rests of Serres (Dental lamina) OKC Lateral periodontal cyst Glandular odontogenic cyst Gingival cyst of infants and adults
14,083
medmcqa_train
Alt of the following drugs are used for prevention and treatment of PPH except
Mifepristone is an antiprogesterone,which is used for medicak termination of pregnancy.It is also being researched for use in term pregnancies at a dose of 200mg.It is recommended for use in intrauterine fetal demise at a dose of 600mg daily for 2 days.Other given options are used for the treatment of PPH. Refer page n...
14,084
medmcqa_train
All of the following techniques are used to control bleeding from bone during mastoid surgery except -
Cutting drill over the bleeding area will increase the bleeding instead of stopping it. Diamond drill over the bleeding area will produce heat and stop the bleeding Bipolar cautery can be used to control bleeding during mastoid surgery (Not monopolar cautery) Bone wax is also commonly used to control bleeding during ma...
14,085
medmcqa_train
Toxin in mushroom poisoning principally affects: March 2011
Ans. D: Nerves Toxins of mushroom (poison) are parasympathomimetic Mushroom poisoning Main sign and symptoms: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, bloody vomitus and stools, enlarged tender liver and jaundice, oliguria, pulmonary edema, mental confusion, convulsions, coma Average fatal dose: 1/2 to 1 mushroom Fatal period: 3-6 ...
14,086
medmcqa_train
A study of persons receiving emergent medical services is conducted. It is observed that 5% of persons with sudden cardiac arrest who receive cardiopulmonary resuscitation survive. Which of the following is the most likely mechanism for cardiac arrest in these survivors?
The most common cause of sudden cardiac arrest is ischemic heart disease. The risk of sudden death is increased with worsening atherosclerotic coronary arterial narrowing. However, the first event with an acute coronary syndrome is typically an arrhythmia, and this is why resuscitation, including defibrillation, can be...
14,087
medmcqa_train
A 33-year-old woman discovers a lump in her left breast on self-examination. Her mother and sister both had breast cancer. A mammogram demonstrates an ill-defined density in the outer quadrant of the left breast, with microcalcifications. Needle aspiration reveals the presence of malignant, ductal epithelial cells. Gen...
Breast (BR) cancer (CA) susceptibility genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) encode tumor suppressor proteins involved in checkpoint functions related to the progression of the cell cycle into the S phase. BRCA1 and BRCA2 proteins also promote DNA repair by binding to RAD51, a molecule that mediates DNA double-strand repair breaks. ...
14,088
medmcqa_train
Which of the following would distinguish hydrocephalusdue to aqueductal stenosis when compared to thatdue to Dandy walker malformation:
. Posterior fossa volume.
14,089
medmcqa_train
Position of rupture of hymen in a virgin after rape: PGI 09; AP 09
Ans. 5'O clock
14,090
medmcqa_train
Death rates of two countries are best compared by -
.standardised moality ratio is the ratio of total number of deaths that occur in the study group to the number of deaths that would have been expected to occur if that study group had experienced the death rates of a standardised population.it gives a measure of the likely excess risk o moality due to the occupation.it...
14,091
medmcqa_train
According to biophysics, in which pa of eye does maximum refraction occur?
Cornea The cornea is the first and most powerful refracting surface of the eye. Light passes through the transparent cornea on its way to the retina. It has a greater curvature than the rest of the eyeball and a refractive power of approximately 44 dioptres.
14,092
medmcqa_train
Frey's syndrome is caused due to damage to:
Gustatory sweating (auriculotemporal syndrome) commonly occurs following parotid surgery or other surgery or trauma that results in opening of the parotid capsule. It is thought to arise as a result of damage to the autonomic nerve fibres supplying the parotid gland and the overlying sweat glands. During the healing pr...
14,093
medmcqa_train
Which of the following trinucleotide repeat disorder and the repeat is wrongly paired?
Disease Repeat Fragile X syndrome CGG Friedreich's Ataxia GAA Myotonic dystrophy CTG Spinobulbar muscular atrophy (Kennedy disease), Spinocerebellar ataxia, Huntington's disease CAG
14,094
medmcqa_train
Axonotmesis includes discontinuity in:
D i.e. Axon
14,095
medmcqa_train
Which of the following microorganism initially colonise the burns wound?
Ans. B. Staphylococcus. (Ref. Bailey and Love 25th/pg. 387)Staphylococcus colonizes burn wounds.Infection control in burns patients# Bums patients are immunocompromised# They are susceptible to infection from many routes# Sterile precautions must be rigorous# Swabs should be taken regularly# A rise in white blood cell ...
14,096
medmcqa_train
Stage lb cervical cancer is diagnosed in a young woman. Assuming that the cancer is confirmed to the cervix and that intraoperative biopsies are negative, which of the following structure would not be removed during the radical hysterectomy?
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Both ovaries * Radical hysterectomy is most often used as a primary treatment for early cervical cancer (stage 1A2, IB, and IIA), and occasionally as a primary treatment for uterine cancer. In either case, there must be no evidence of spread beyond the operative field, as suggested by negative intraop...
14,097
medmcqa_train
Which of the following statements are TRUE about diaphragm:1. Left side pushed down by hea2. Left side lower than right3. Right side lower than left4. Right side pushed up by liver5. Hernia common on left because of weak origin
"The convex dome of diaphragm on right side is higher because of large size of the right lobe of liver" Level of diaphragm:Site of diaphragmatic herniaRight dome: Upper border of 5th rib (about 2.5 cm higher than left side)Left dome: Lower border of 5th ribCentral tendon: Xiphisternal jointThe pleuroperitoneal canal is...
14,098
medmcqa_train
The mechanism of genetic transfer where a phage serves as a vehicle is -
TRANSFORMATION: it is the transfer of genetic information through the agency of free DNA REF:Ananthanarayan and Panicker's Textbook ofMicrobiology 8thEdition pg no:63
14,099
medmcqa_train