query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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Most common tumor in Infant- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Hemangioma o Overall hemangioma is most common Tumor in infant,o Hemangioma is usually benign in Nature,o Leukemia is most common malignancy in pediatric age gyp.Leukemia i lymphoma=40%CNS Tumor=30%Embryonal & Sarcoma=10%o 2nd most common is CNS Tumor (30%)o Hemangioma (3 types):(1) CapillaiySalmon pa... | 14,200 | medmcqa_train |
which of the following beta blocker is contraindicated in renal failure ? | betablockers not given in renal failure : betaxolol acebutolol nadolol atenolol nebivolol ref : kd tripathi 8th ed | 14,201 | medmcqa_train |
Recurrent chalazion is predisposed to develop which of the following type of malignancy? | Recurrent chalazion can predispose to the development of adenocarcinoma. Chalazion is a sterile, focal, chronic inflammation of the eyelid that results from obstruction of a meibomian or Zeis gland. It is commonly associated with rosacea and posterior blepharitis. They point towards the conjunctival surface and if its ... | 14,202 | medmcqa_train |
>102 colony forming unit per ml of urine is significant in ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e.,Suprapubic aspiration The number of bacteria taken as significant bacteriuria varies depending upon the type of sample -Suprapubic aspiration of bladder -102 colony-forming units (CFU) per ml.In-out catheterization of bladder 4 >103 CFU/mlClean void urine >104 CFU/mlCarefully, collected urine in bag (u... | 14,203 | medmcqa_train |
In post burn paitent , true is | In, burn there is destruction of red blood cells, which leads to hyperkalemia, Due to loss of fluid, perfusion of the organs also decreases this will lead to metabolic acidosis. | 14,204 | medmcqa_train |
A 50 years old female is admitted with abdominal pain and anuria. Radiological studies revealed: bilateral impacted ureteric stones with hydronephrosis. Urine analysis showed RBCs with pus cells in urine. Serum creatinine level was 16 mg/dL and urea level was 200 mmol/L. Which of the following should be the immediate t... | Ans. (b) 'j' stent drainage* Prompt drainage of the obstructed urinary system by double) stent is the TOC in patients with renal failure.* Hemodialysis is advised only if the renal recovery is prolonged. | 14,205 | medmcqa_train |
Fundus of stomach is supplied by which of the following artery: | Ans. B Splenic arteryRef: Clinically Oriented Anatomy by Keith, Moore, 5th ed. pg. 252-253* The stomach has a rich arterial supply arising from the celiac trunk and its branches.* Most blood is supplied by anastomoses formed along the lesser curvature by the right and left gastric arteries, and along the greater curvat... | 14,206 | medmcqa_train |
Function of umbilical vein is: | Umbilical vein carries oxygenated blood to embryo | 14,207 | medmcqa_train |
Most common complication of dermoid cyst is - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Torsion Complications of dermoid cyst:o Torsion is the most common complication occurring in Dermoid cyst. Because of the fat content of the cyst, it is lighter than other ovarian tumors and therefore easily torsioned. Almost 15% of dermoid cysts undergo torsion.o Malignant transformation develops onl... | 14,208 | medmcqa_train |
Iris bombe occurs with | C i.e. Ring synechiae Annular posterior synechia/ Ring synechia are 360deg adhesion of pupillary margin to anterior capsuldial lens. Thus preventing circulation of aquous humor from posterior chamber to anterior chamber (seclusio pupillae)Q. So the aqueus collects behind the iris & pushes it anteriory like a sail lit I... | 14,209 | medmcqa_train |
The central nebular corneal opacity is easily treated with – | Central nebular opacity is treated by phototherapeutic keratectomy with excimer laser (treatment of choice) or lamellar keratoplasty. | 14,210 | medmcqa_train |
Difference between incised wound and heat rupture oring heat rupture are: AI 09 | Ans. Nerves and vessels are visible in floor | 14,211 | medmcqa_train |
Soft tick transmits - | Vector Diseases transmitted Soft tick Relapsing fever, Q fever, KFD (outside India) Hard tick Tularemia, Babesiosis, KFD (India), Tick paralysis, Tick encephalitis, Indian tick typhus, Tick hemorrhagic fever, Rocky Mountain spotted fever. REF: PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE, 25TH EDITION, PG NO. 841 | 14,212 | medmcqa_train |
Maximum energy store in | It is the storehouse of energy in the body (about 1,35,000 kcal)The free fatty acid (FFA) mobilized from adipose tissue is the preferred fuel for muscle during starvationThe energy is stored in the concentrated form, triacylglycerol. The chylomicrons and VLDL are hydrolyzed by lipoprotein lipase present on capillary wa... | 14,213 | medmcqa_train |
Flu like symptoms followed by radiographic evidence of consolidation in lung in a non-smoker is due to: | B i.e. Staph aureusRef: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 19th edition, page 805Explanation:S. aureus pneumonia commonly complicates influenza infection.FactorPossible Pathogen(s)AlcoholismStreptococcus pneumoniae, oral anaerobes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter spp., Mycobacterium tuberculosisCOPD and/o... | 14,214 | medmcqa_train |
Most common cardiovascular abnormality seen in Marfan's Syndrome on presentation is: | Answer is A (Mitral Valve Prolapse) Valvular Hea Disease: A Companion to Braunwald's Hea Disease by Otto (Elsevier Health Sciences) The single most common cardiovascular abnormality seen in patients with Marfan's Syndrome at the time of presentation is Mitral Valve Prolapse. Mitral Valve Prolapse is the most frequent a... | 14,215 | medmcqa_train |
In "safe motherhood schemes", (CSSM) major thrust area is - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., To provide essential prenatal, Natal and postnatal services | 14,216 | medmcqa_train |
Water fluoridation depends upon: | Water fluoridation depends on the temperature in that area and body weight.
Galagan formula for fluoride:
This is usually calculated by the formula given by Galagan and Vermillion in 1957.
Ppm of F ‾= - 0.038 +0.0062 t temperature in Fahrenheit.
‘E’ is the estimated daily water intake for children in ounces per pound o... | 14,217 | medmcqa_train |
Metastasis is least common with | Also known as endodermal sinus tumor, yolk sac tumor is of interest because it is the most common testicular tumor in infants and children up to 3 years of age. In this age group it has a very good prognosis. In adults the pure form of this tumor is rare; instead, yolk sac elements frequently occur in combination with ... | 14,218 | medmcqa_train |
Which one of the following is NOT a transpoer or binding protein: March 2013 | Ans. A i.e. ErythropoietinErythropoietin causes formation and release of new RBCs into circulation | 14,219 | medmcqa_train |
What poisoning retards putrefaction : | B i.e. Arsenic | 14,220 | medmcqa_train |
Antropo-Zoonoses are all except- | <p> Guinea worm disease or dracunculiasis is a vector borne parasitic disease,mainly of the subcutaneous tissue (usually leg and foot) caused by the nematode parasite,Dracunculus medinensis. Park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine,K.Park,23rd edition,page no:245. <\p> | 14,221 | medmcqa_train |
Pavlov's experiment is an example of ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Classical conditioningClassical conditioningIn classical conditioning, the conditioned stimulus (which usually does not produce the response), when paired with unconditioned stimulus (stimulus which usually produces a response), directly produces a response.The typical example of classical conditionin... | 14,222 | medmcqa_train |
A 69 year old male patient having coronary aery disease was found to have gall bladder stones while undergoing a routine ultrasound of the abdomen. There was no history of biliary colic or jaundice at any time. What is the best treatment advice for such a patient for his gallbladder stones ? | Ans. is (c) No surgery for gallbladder stones Schwaz Pretest writes? "In a patient who has asymptomatic cholelithiasis as an incidental finding, however, there are no data to suggest that any therapeutic intervention is justified. Fewer than 25 percent of patients with asymptomatic cholelithiasis will develop symptoms ... | 14,223 | medmcqa_train |
Mechanism of action of Ezetimibe | Refer kDT 7/e p 641 Ezetimibe is a medication used to treat high blood cholesterol and ceain other lipid abnormalities. Generally it is used together with dietary changes and a statin. Alone, it is less preferred than a statin. It is taken by mouth. It is also available in the combination ezetimibe/simvastatin | 14,224 | medmcqa_train |
Platypnea may be seen in all of the following conditions, except | Answer is A (Bilateral Diaphragmatic palsy): Bilateral diaphragmatic palsy is associated with ohopnea and not platypnea. It has not been mentioned as a cause for platypnea. Severe COPD, pleural effusion and pulmonary embolism may present with either ohopnea or platypnea depending on the pathophysilogy. | 14,225 | medmcqa_train |
A 65 year old female attended th Ohopaedics OPD with a chief complaint of chronic back ache. The radiograph of lumbar spine is obtained. What could be the most probable diagnosis? | The given history of back pain in a 65 year old female with the above given radiograph points towards the diagnosis of Osteoporosis. Radiograph shows multiple endplate compression fractures throughout the lumbar veebra. The term fishmouth veebra / codfish veebra have been used to describe the biconcave appearance (give... | 14,226 | medmcqa_train |
Primary action of inferior oblique ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Extorsion | 14,227 | medmcqa_train |
Differential expression of same gene depending on parent of origin is referred to as – | The phenomenon referred to as genomic imprinting leads to preferential expression of an allele depending on the parental origin.
Genomic imprinting
Human inherits two copies of each gene, i.e. two alleles, from homologous maternal and paternal chromosomes.
There is no functional difference between the genes derives fro... | 14,228 | medmcqa_train |
Dry drowning is defined as: | D i.e. Drowning where death is d/t laryngeal spasm | 14,229 | medmcqa_train |
Traumatic fracture showing avascular necrosis - | Amongst the given options only talus fracture (neck talus fracture) causes AVN. | 14,230 | medmcqa_train |
Abdominal ultrasound of a patient showed gall bladder with diffuse wall thickening and hyperechoic nodules at the neck and few comet tail aifacts. What is the most likely diagnosis? | Adenomyomatosis is a benign condition characterized by hyperplastic changes of unknown etiology involving the gallbladder wall. It causes overgrowth of the mucosa, thickening of the muscular wall, and formation of intramural diveicula or sinus tracts termed as Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses. Ultrasound shows a thickened ga... | 14,231 | medmcqa_train |
Adam's apple in Male is due to. | Thyroid Cailage Largest cailage, hyaline in nature. It is V shaped and consists of right and left lamina which meet anteriorly in midline and form an angle (Adams angle) Adams angle: -- Male: 90 degree -- Female: 120 degree The outer surface of each lamina is marked by an oblique line which extends from superior thyroi... | 14,232 | medmcqa_train |
A patient is experiencing which type of incontinence if she experiences leaking urine when she coughs, sneezes, or lifts heavy objects? | Stress incontinence is an involuntary loss of a small amount of urine due to sudden increased intra-abdominal pressure, such as with coughing or sneezing. | 14,233 | medmcqa_train |
Operation theatre fire is most commonly due to? | ANSWER: (D) Electrosurgical equipmentREF: British Journal of Anesthesia Volume 50, Issue 7 p. 659-664, Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology: December 2008 Volume 21 Issue 6 p. 790-795The two most common source of operation theatre fire is electrosurgical unit (ESU) and lasers.Other equipments that can produces fire are, ... | 14,234 | medmcqa_train |
Drug used for muscarinic symptoms seen in cobra envenomation: CMC (Vellore) 13 | Ans. Neostigmine | 14,235 | medmcqa_train |
Type of infarct seen in hea is | Infarcts are classified according to color and the presence or absence of infection; they are either red (hemorrhagic) or white (anemic) and may be septic or bland. White infarcts occur with aerial occlusions in solid organs with end-aerial circulation (e.g: hea, spleen, and kidney), and where tissue density limits the... | 14,236 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following drug does not cross the blood-placental barrier? | Ref:KD Tripathi pharmacology 7th edition (page.no: 19,116) Placental membranes are lipoidal and allow free passage of lipophilic drugs while restricting hydrophilic drugs. Glycopyrrolate is a quaternary ammonium compound. So it can't cross placenta and brain(BBB). Other drugs can cross the placenta | 14,237 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following condition shows an increase in serum level of Creatinine Kinase 1 (CK 1)? | CK-1 or CK-BB is found primarily in brain tissue. Hence it is increased in brain ischemia. Ref: Clinical Biochemistry By Jiro J. Kaneko, John W. Harvey, Michael Bruss, 1997, Page 317 | 14,238 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the earliest indicator of pathological gastroesophageal reflux in infants (GERD) - | Ans is 'a' i.e., Respiratory Symptoms Recurrent Respiratory Symptoms (Wheezing, stridor, chronic cough apnea, aspiration) are the earliest indicator of Pathological Reflux (GERD) amongst the options provided. `The most frequent complications of Gastroesophageal Reflux disease (pathological Reflux) in infants are failur... | 14,239 | medmcqa_train |
"Smudge cells" in the peripheral smear are characteristic of: | In CLL, the blood contains large numbers of small round lymphocytes with scant cytoplasm (fragile). Some of these cells are usually disrupted in the process of making smears, producing so-called smudge cells | 14,240 | medmcqa_train |
Primary bullous lesions is seen in which type of syphilis | D i.e. Congenital Syphilis | 14,241 | medmcqa_train |
The two nitrogen atoms that are incorporated into the urea cycle. The source of the nitrogen is | Two nitrogen atoms of urea are derived from two different sources, one from ammonia and the other directly from alpha amino group of aspaic acid.Ref: DM Vasudevan - Textbook of Biochemistry, 6th edition, page no: 203 | 14,242 | medmcqa_train |
True about RIBOZYME: (AllMS Nov 2013, Nov 2012) | Ans. a. Peptidyl transferase activity (Ref: Harper 28/e p363; 27/e p364; Lippincott 4/435-439, Lehninger 5/e p1078)Ribozymes are RNA molecule with catalytic activityQ. Ribozymes play a central role in peptide bond formation (peptidyl transferase activity).RibozymeRibozymes are RNA molecules with catalytic activityQ.The... | 14,243 | medmcqa_train |
Which one of the following is seen in facial palsy? | Facial palsy is the paralysis of facial musculature (motor activity) and not the general sensation of the face (Face is supplied by trigeminal nerve). Facial palsy is characterised by inability to close the eye, drooping of the corner of the mouth resulting in drooling of saliva, absence of wrinkles on the forehead and... | 14,244 | medmcqa_train |
Type II hypercholesterolemia is due to | 2. Type II: Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (FHC): A common disorder which has been extensively investigated.The disease is characterised by:Hyper b-lipoproteinemia (LDL |)Associated with increased total cholesterol |VLDL may be raised, hence total TG may be high. But plasma usually remains clear.Inheritance: Autosomal ... | 14,245 | medmcqa_train |
The most potent topical coicosteroids is ? | Ans. 'c' i.e., Clohetasol propionate cream 0.5% Classification of topical steroids based on potency Class 1 (Super Potent) Clobetasol propionate ointment and cream 0.5% Betamethasone dipropionate ointment 0.05% Halobetasol propionate ointment and cream 0.05% Class 2 (Highly potent) Mometasone furoate ointment 0.1 % Cla... | 14,246 | medmcqa_train |
True regarding Na+ ion - | Depolarization occurs due to sodium ions influx.
Potassium ions maintain the resting membrane potential.
Sodium ions are not responsible for Gibbs-Donnan effect. It is due to the non-diffusible anions.
Sodium ions take part in many co-transports. | 14,247 | medmcqa_train |
A randomized trial comparing the efficacy of two drugs showed a difference between the two (p<0.05). Assume that in reality, however, the two drugs to not differ. This is therefore an example of:- | STATISTICAL ERRORS & P - VALUE H0 rejected H0 not rejected Null hypothesis (H0) true Null hypothesis (H0) false Type I error No error No error Type II error Type I error: Null hypothesis is true but rejected. Probability of type I error is given by 'P value'. (probability of declaring a significant difference when actu... | 14,248 | medmcqa_train |
A 26-year-old woman in the first trimester of pregnancy has been admitted with retching and repeated vomiting with large hematemesis. Her pulse rate is 126/minute and blood pressure is 80 mm Hg systolic. The most likely diagnosis is: | Ans. is a, i.e. Mallory-Weiss syndromeRef. Williams 24/e, p 1074Upper gastrointestinal bleeding:"Occasionally, persistent vomiting may be accompanied by worrisome upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The obvious concern is that there is a bleeding peptic ulceration. However, most of these women have minute linear mucosal t... | 14,249 | medmcqa_train |
TRUE statement about histopathological changes noticed in Wilson's disease is: | Histopathological changes are not specific for Wilson's disease. MUST KNOW: The earliest change is steatosis followed by peripoal glycogenated nuclei. Copper is not biochemically identifiable at this stage. Mallory denk bodies in zone 1 is a characteristic but not pathognomic finding of Wilson's disease. Absence of sta... | 14,250 | medmcqa_train |
Isoprostanes are formed from archidonic acid by ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Non-enzymatic free radical peroxidationEpoxygenase pathway Cytochrome P450 may conve arachidonic acid (AA) to 20-HETE (20-hydroxyeicosa tetraenoic acid) or EET (epixyeicosatrienoic acid).EET may function as endothelium derived hyperpolarization factor paicularly in coronary circulation. It also posses... | 14,251 | medmcqa_train |
A 39-year-old woman complains of developing painful pale fingers on cold exposure for the past 5 years. Recently, she has noticed swollen fingers and tight skin, which limit flexion and extension. She also has new abdominal symptoms that are bothersome. On examination, the skin on the fingers is smooth and shiny with a... | This patient has scleroderma and esophageal symptoms are present in more than 50% of patients. They are due to the reduced tone of the gastroesophageal sphincter and dilation of the distal esophagus. Gastric and small intestinal motility problems can also occur. Vascular ectasia in the GI tract can result in bleeding. | 14,252 | medmcqa_train |
Heating and subsequent plating is a method used for isolating? | Clostridia are isolated by heating followed by plating using redox potential. REF:Textbook of microbiology, Ananthanarayan and Paniker. Page no.:252 | 14,253 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following penicillins can be given by i.v. route? | Preparations and dose
Sod. penicillin G (crystalline penicillin) injection 0.5-5 MU i.m./i.v. 6-12 hourly. It is available as dry powder in vials to be dissolved in sterile water at the time of injection.
BENZYL PENICILLIN 0.5. 1 MU inj
Repository penicillin G injections: These are insoluble salts of PnG which must be... | 14,254 | medmcqa_train |
Fertilization occurs in - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Ampulla of fallopian tube * The uterine tubes, also known as oviducts or fallopian tubes, are the female structures that transport the ova from the ovary to the uterus each month. In the presence of sperm and fertilization, the uterine tubes transport the fertilized egg to the uterus for implantation.... | 14,255 | medmcqa_train |
Rape, even after consent is considered when age of woman is: | Ans:D.)< 18 years. Explanation:The Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 2013:The age of consent in India has been increased to 18 years, which means any sexual activity irrespective of presence of consent with a woman below the age of 18 will constitute statutory rape. | 14,256 | medmcqa_train |
True about streptococcus pyogenes are all except - | Ans. is 6a' i.e., Causes only localized infectiono Streptococcal diseases can be braodly classified into three groups1) Suppurative infections# These are otitis media, sore throat, mastoiditis, pneumonia, abscesses, erysipelas, impetigo (non-bullous impetigo or impetigo contagiosum), cellulitis, necrotizing fascitis, p... | 14,257 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is indicative of renal tubular disease | Answer is B (Coarse granular casts) `Renal tubular casts' are characteristic of Acute tubular disease and interstitial nephritis but are not provided amongst the options. Coarse granular casts though non specific, can represent acute tubular necrosis and thus are the single best answer amongst the options provided. Mud... | 14,258 | medmcqa_train |
A pregnant female presented with itching in genital area. What is the MOST common vaginal infection in pregnancy?Gonorrhoea z | Candida species are normal flora of the oropharynx, bowel, and vagina. Candida overgrowth of these surfaces may arise in the setting of broad spectrum antibiotics, diabetes mellitus, or HIV infection, resulting in oral thrush, Candida esophagitis, and vaginal candidiasis. High estrogen states, such as pregnancy or oral... | 14,259 | medmcqa_train |
Miliary shadow in chest X-ray is seen in A/E - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Klebsiella Causes of Miliary mottlingInfection Bacterial (3TB, Brucellosis, Bronchopneumonia, Melioidosis), viral (varicella i chicken pox), Fungal [Histoplasmosis, Coccidiodomycosis, blastomycosis, cryptococcosis).Cardiac Mitral stenosis. Pulmonary edema, multiple pulmonary infarct.Pneumoconiosis Coa... | 14,260 | medmcqa_train |
Metachromatic granules are found in -a) Diphtheriab) Mycoplasmac) Gardenella vaginalisd) Staphylococcus | Polypmetahosphate / volutin granules
Some bacteria contain granules composed of polymetaphosphate. They were first described in spirillum volutans, so they were called as Volutin granules.
These granules are also known as Babes Ernst granules or polar bodies or metachromatic granules.
These granules stain reddish vio... | 14,261 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is FALSE about insulin action? | Insulin inhibits lipolysis by inhibiting hormone sensitive lipase. Thus insulin prevents ketogenesis. Insulin stimulates glycolysis by activating PFK-1 Insulin activates glycogenesis by activating glycogen synthase. Also it stimulates fatty acid synthesis by activating acetyl Co A carboxylase. Insulin also--by its abil... | 14,262 | medmcqa_train |
A technique of transforming two fluid (or paste-like) materials into a homogeneous mixture without mechanical stirring is known as: | Static mixing — A technique of transforming two fluid (or paste-like) materials into a homogeneous mixture without mechanical stirring; it requires a device that forces two streams of material into a mixer cylinder, such that as the streams move through the mixer, while the stationary elements in the mixer continuousl... | 14,263 | medmcqa_train |
FALSE for delusions. September 2003 | Ans. D i.e. Shared by those of a common social background | 14,264 | medmcqa_train |
Histone has post - translational modification by all/except. | D i.e. Glycosylation | 14,265 | medmcqa_train |
Safe period in rhythms method is : (In a female with 28 days menstrual cycle) : | First and last 7 days | 14,266 | medmcqa_train |
A newborn premature baby presented with bullous lesions on skin and legs, Xray shows features suggestive of periostitis. Which of the following is the initial investigation? | The newborn baby has characteristic signs and symptoms of congenital syphilis. Periostitis is a hallmark of skeletal manifestation. VDRL/RPR is the initial investigation of choice in congenital syphilis. All neonates born to mothers who have reactive nontreponemal and treponemal test results should be evaluated with a ... | 14,267 | medmcqa_train |
Q Fever is transmitted by: | Ricketssia burnetti | 14,268 | medmcqa_train |
Nerve passing from greater sciatic foramen to lesser sciatic foramen | The greater sciatic foramen is an opening (foramen) at the back of the human pelvis. It is formed by the sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments. The piriformis muscle passes through the foramen and occupies most of its volume. ref - BDC 6e vol2 pg363 | 14,269 | medmcqa_train |
Kussumau's sign is most commonly seen in- | Kussmaul sign is a paradoxical rise in jugular venous pressure (JVP) on inspiration, or a failure in the appropriate fall of the JVP with inspiration. It can be seen in some forms of hea disease and is usually indicative of limited right ventricular filling due to right hea dysfunction. The differential diagnosis gener... | 14,270 | medmcqa_train |
Type of collagen found in basement membrane is - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Type IV Types of collageno There are at least 28 distinct types of collagen made up of over 30 distinct polypeptide chains Type I is the most abundant collagen The important ones are :-Type of collagenDistributionType ISkin, tendon, bone, corneaType IIArticular cartilage, intervertebral disc. Vitreous... | 14,271 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not a source of error in the applanation tonometry: | Tear film is required for accurate measurement , is not a source of error. Sources of error in tonometry: Inappropriate fluorescein pattern. Pressure on the globe. Central Corneal thickness. Corneal edema. Pulse pressure. Astigmatism. Incorrect calibration. Wide pulse pressure. | 14,272 | medmcqa_train |
Metabolic acidosisis caused by which of the following? | The principal function of aldosterone is to increase sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule and collecting ducts, which causes secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions.
Hypoaldosteronism (e.g., in Addison’s disease)therefore results in a decrease in H+ secretion, which leads to the production of metabolic acidosis (a... | 14,273 | medmcqa_train |
Severity of mitral stenosis is assessed by: | Answer is B (Length of murmur) 'The duration of murmur correlates with the severity of stenosis - Harrison Features suggesting severe MS are : Proximity of S2 - O.S. gapQ,and Longer duration of mid-diastolic murmur Q | 14,274 | medmcqa_train |
A 8 year old boy presents with recurrent pneumonia since birth. The boy had a history of delayed passage of Meconium at birth. Probable diagnosis is | Features of Cystic fibrosis
Delayed passage of Meconium
Recurrent pneumonia
Steatorrhea
Late onset Diabetes
Azoospermia | 14,275 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is false about DNA methylation | Note: Refer the byte "Epigenetics"
Mnemonic: DNA Methylation makes DNA Mute. | 14,276 | medmcqa_train |
Fibrinoid necrosis is seen in? | Ans is 'b' i.e. Rheumatoid arthrirtis Fibrinoid necrosiso Fibrinoid necrosis is special form of necrosis typically occurs when complexes of antigen and antibodies are deposited in the walls of arteries. Deposits of these "immune complexes", together with fibrin that has leaked out of vessels, result in a bright pink an... | 14,277 | medmcqa_train |
A case of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia is detected to have lung metastasis. She should be staged as: | Ans. is c, i.e. Stage IIIRef. COGDT 10/e, p 893Staging of Gestational trophoblastic disease:Stage-I Disease confined to uterus.Stage-II Disease extending outside of the uterus but limited to the genital structures (adnexa, vagina, broad ligaments).Stage-III Disease extending to the lungs, with or without known genital ... | 14,278 | medmcqa_train |
Secular trend means - | Long term or secular trends
The term secular trend implies changes in the occurrence of disease over a long period of time, generally several years or decades.
There may be progressive increase or decrease in the occurrence of disease.
Examples -
CHD, lung cancer, and DM have shown a consistent upward trend in deve... | 14,279 | medmcqa_train |
Unit of enzyme activity - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Micromole / minute o The activity of enzyme is measured in terms of the following :1) Unit of enzyme acdvity: -# By international agreement, one unit enzyme activity is defined as the amount causing transformation of 1.0 micro mole of substrate per minute at 25deg C. It is usually expressed as m mole ... | 14,280 | medmcqa_train |
A clot size of a clenched fist indicates blood loss of approximately | Measurement of Blood Loss Clot size of a clenched fist is 500 ml. Blood loss in a closed tibial fracture is 500-1500 ml; in a fracture femur is 500-2000 ml. Weighing the swab before and after use is an impoant method of on-table assessment of blood loss. Ref: SRB's Manual of Surgery 6th edition Pgno :120 | 14,281 | medmcqa_train |
A 6-year-old boy came to hospital with complaints of sore throat and difficulty in swallowing, his left tonsil was pushed medially and had swelling over left side upper pa of neck. What will be the diagnosis? | Parapharyngeal abscess presents with: Trismus due to spasm of medial pterygoid Tonsils pushed medially Swelling in upper pa of sternocleidomastoid(space limited to the level of hyoid bone) Retropharyngeal abscess presents as bulge in posterior pharyngeal wall on one side of midline. Peritonsillar abscess does not produ... | 14,282 | medmcqa_train |
Quintero staging is used for: | Ans. A. Twin to twin transfusion syndromeTwin Twin Transfusion Syndrome: TttsOccurs in monochorionic diamniotic twin gestation resulting from unidirectional flow through deep arteriovenous anastomoses in the shared placenta. In this syndrome blood is transfused from a donor twin to its recipient sibling such that the d... | 14,283 | medmcqa_train |
Which among the following is a major lipid of mitochondrial membrane? | Phosphatidic acid is a precursor of phosphatidylglycerol, which in turn gives rise to cardiolipin. This phospholipid is found only in mitochondria and is essential for the mitochondrial function. Decreased cardiolipin levels or alterations in its structure or metabolism cause mitochondrial dysfunction in aging and in p... | 14,284 | medmcqa_train |
Lutein and theca lutein cysts may be associated with all the following except | - Theca lutein cysts are present because of high HCG. - These are seen in : Molar pregnancy, Choriocarcinoma, Twin pregnancies, Chronic renal failure (due to decreased hCG clearance) Hypehyroidism (due to structural homoly between hCG and TSH) - PCOS is not associated with theca lutein cysts. In fact, PCOS has NO CYSTS... | 14,285 | medmcqa_train |
Blood supply of breast by all except : | Blood supply of breast :
1. Subclavian artery:
2nd, 3rd & 4th anterior intercostal arteries (branches of internal mammary).
2. Axillary artery :
Superior thoracic artery.
Thoraco acromial artery.
Lateral thoracic artery.
Subscapular artery.
3. Thoracic aorta :
2nd, 3rd & 4th posterior intercosta... | 14,286 | medmcqa_train |
In osteogenesis imperfecta, the tympanogram is - | This is a very interesting question – They are testing our knowledge as well as application ability.
Osteogenesis imperfecta is associated with otosclerosis.
Vander Hoeve syndrome is a triad of: | 14,287 | medmcqa_train |
Most common site for putting chest drain in case of pleural effusion - | Site for putting chest drain in pleural effusion → 7th ICS mid axillary line
Site for putting needle in spontaneous pneumothorax → 2nd ICS, mid clavicular line. | 14,288 | medmcqa_train |
A woman died within 5 years of marriage under suspicious circumstances. Her parents complained that her in laws used to frequently demand for dowry. Under which of the following sections can a magistrate authorize autopsy of the case? | B i.e. Section 174 Cr Pc Autopsy (in general) should only be conducted when there is an official order authorizing the autopsy. Authorisation (an official order) for a medicolegal autopsy is given by Coroner, police or MagistrateQ. Inquest (in dowry daths) should be conducted by a Magistrate (section 176 (1) CrPC) or p... | 14,289 | medmcqa_train |
Heat Rupture is characterized by: | Heat ruptures are associated with irregular margins. Ref: The Essentials of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology By Dr K S Narayan Reddy, 27th Edition, Page 286 and 28th Edition, Page 283 | 14,290 | medmcqa_train |
Rhinoscleroma is caused by: | (a) Klebsiella(Ref. Scott Brown, 8th ed., Vol 1; 1212)Rhinoscleroma is a bacterial granuloma caused by Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis also known as Frisch bacillus.Rhinosporidium seeberi, an aquatic protistan protozoa (unicellular) parasite, causes a granulomatous condition called rhinosporidiosis.Spirochete (syphilis) an... | 14,291 | medmcqa_train |
Investigation of choice for diagnosis of vasa pre is: | Vasa pre : Color Doppler is the investigation of choice. A transabdominal color Doppler sonography which show 'flow' in vessels overlying the internal cervical os. A Transvaginal ultrasound with color Doppler is even better method to demonstrate this. The APT test is a biochemical test done to differentiate maternal an... | 14,292 | medmcqa_train |
Gradual painful limitation of shoulder movements in an elderly suggest that the most probable diagnosis is: | FROZEN SHOULDER OR ADHESIVE CAPSULITIS OR PERIAHRITIS SHOULDER It is characterized by progressive pain and stiffness of the shoulder, which usually resolve spontaneously.There is significant restriction in both active and passive range of motion. A. Painful Inflammatory Freezing Phase Lasts 2-9 months B. Phase of Progr... | 14,293 | medmcqa_train |
Which one of the following is closely associated with Myasthenia gravis? | (A) Thymoma # MYASTHENIA GRAVIS is a neuromuscular disorder characterised by weakness and fatigability of skeletal muscles.> Up to 75% of patients have an abnormality of the thymus; 25% have a thymoma, a tumor (either benign or malignant) of the thymus, and other abnormalities are frequently found.> The disease process... | 14,294 | medmcqa_train |
Beta blockers are not indicated in | Ref: HL Sharma 3rd ed pg no: 193 Beta blockers are not used in CCF except metoprolol and carvedilol due to their antioxidant propeies they are used only in chronic CHF not in acute in acute CCF or CHF, diuretics , digoxin are used | 14,295 | medmcqa_train |
All the following are features of Guillain-Barre syndrome except: | Answer is D (Bladder bowel involvement): Bladder bowel involvement is rare in G. B. syndrome. Bladder dysfunction may occur in severe cases but is usually transient. 'If bladder dysfunction is prominent and comes early possibilities other than GBS should be considered'.- Harrison Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS) is an aut... | 14,296 | medmcqa_train |
True regarding fluorosis are all except ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e. Fluorosis is the most common cause of dental caries in children endemic Fluorosis o Endemic fluorosis occurs when drinking water contains increased amounts of fluorine (3-5 mg/L) o Various toxic manifestations of endemic fluorosis are: a. Dental fluorosis Fluoride is deposited in the enamel of teeth wh... | 14,297 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is associated with hydrocephalus : | Ans. is a, b and c i.e. Diabetes; Breech presentation; and Spina bifida Hydrocephalus as we have already discussed is Ventriculomegaly (accumulation of CSF within the ventricles) and increase in head circumference. Since the head size is big in case of hydrocephalus, it cannot accommodate in the lower uterine segment t... | 14,298 | medmcqa_train |
Pierre Robbin’s Sequence includes all except ? | Pierre Robbin’s Sequence includes unilateral cleft lip. | 14,299 | medmcqa_train |
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