query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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Pathology in Marfan syndrome ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Fibrillin I o Marfan syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder due to mutation in fibrillin-1 gene on chromosomal 15.Fibrillin-1 is a part of elastic fibres, thus defect in fibrillin-1 affects following systems:-1) Skeletal abnormalities: Tall with thin built; arachnodactyly (long and slender fingers... | 157,500 | medmcqa_train |
Atropine causes: | Ans: b (Tachycardia) Ref: KDT, 6th ed, p. 107The most prominent action of atropine on heart is tachycardia due to the blockade of M receptors on the S A node through which vagal tone decreases heart rate.Other effects of atropine are:CNS: Overall stimulant action,rise in body temperature due to action on hypothalamusCV... | 157,501 | medmcqa_train |
A biopsy of the antrum of the stomach of an adult who presents with epigastric pain reveals numerous lymphocytes and plasma cells within the lamina propria, which is of normal thickness. There are also scattered neutrophils within the glandular epithelial cells. A Steiner silver stain from this specimen is positive for... | Chronic gastritis is histologically characterized by the presence of lymphocytes and plasma cells. It is impoant to realize that the presence of neutrophils within the glandular epithelium indicates active inflammation and may be the main type of inflammation present (acute gastritis), or may be combined with more nume... | 157,502 | medmcqa_train |
During moderately intense isotonic exercise all of the following increase except: | In mild-to-moderate exercise: There is increase in sympathetic drive. This results in an increase in stroke volume and hea rate, resulting in an increase in cardiac output; increased respiratory drive; dilation of vessels in the active muscles. This is due to a "muscle chemoreflex" because of metabolites from muscles e... | 157,503 | medmcqa_train |
A 62-year-old woman eats a high carbohydrate meal. Her plasma glucose concentration rises, and this results in increased insulin secretion from the pancreatic islet cells. The insulin response is an example of | Negative feedback mechanisms ensure a proper level of hormone activity at the target tissue. After a stimulus (plasma glucose) causes a release of the hormone (insulin), conditions or products resulting from the action of the hormone (decrease sugar) tend to suppress its fuher release. In other words, the hormone (or o... | 157,504 | medmcqa_train |
Killing of a 6 months old child by parents is known as ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Infanticide Infanticide refers to killing a child after delivery, to till 1 year after bih. Infanticide in India is considered equivalent tomurder and is tried under section 302 IPC. Law considers every child as born dead and therefore in a case of infanticide,it has to be proved that the child was bo... | 157,505 | medmcqa_train |
Painful arc syndrome which movement is painful:- | * Painful arc syndrome is subacute tendinitis of the rotator cuff tendons due to vascular congestion.* Treatment is usually rest +physiotherapy + NSAIDS. If not treated, local steroids and surgery can be done.* Pain is aggravated as arm transverses an arc between 60 and 120 degrees. | 157,506 | medmcqa_train |
Most common cause of stridor in children is: | (Laryngomalacia) (272-D)Laryngomalacia - (congenital laryngeal stridor)* It is the most common condition causing an inspiratory stridor at or shortly after birth.* It may persist throughout infancy & disappears by 2 years of age* Stridor increased on crying but subsides on placing the child in prone position, cry is no... | 157,507 | medmcqa_train |
Retinoblastoma can occur bilaterally in how many percentage of the cases? | 25-30% bilateral involvement . Seen in childrens between 1-2 yrs of age. Ref : ak khurana 6th edition | 157,508 | medmcqa_train |
Education criteria for mental retardation is ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Mild | 157,509 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is naturally occurring tertiary amine and lipid-soluble reversible anticholinesterases: | All other reversible anticholinesterases are synthetic quaternary compounds and are lipid insoluble. | 157,510 | medmcqa_train |
Funicular hernia is type of: | Types of Indirect Inguinal Hernia - 1. Bubonocele - Hernia is limited to the inguinal canal 2. Funicular - Processus vaginalis is closed just above epididymis. Contents of the sac can be felt separately from testis, which lies below the hernia. 3. Complete or scrotal - Testis appears to lie within the lower pa of herni... | 157,511 | medmcqa_train |
Not true about amoebic liver abscess | Larval forms of E.histolytica are not seen in the abscess | 157,512 | medmcqa_train |
Translocation seen in Follicular lymphoma | MalignancyTranslocationAcute myeloid leukemia (AML)(8;21)(q22;q22)(15;17)(q22;q21)Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)(9;22)(q34;q11)Burkitt lymphoma(8;14)(q24;q32)Mantle cell lymphoma(11;14)(q13;q32)Follicular lymphoma(14;18)(q32;q21)Ewing sarcoma(11;22)(q24;q12)Prostatic adenocarcinoma(7:21)(p22;q22)(17:21)(p21;q22)Ref... | 157,513 | medmcqa_train |
Most common cause of Bronchiolitis is ? | <a href=" syncytial virus (RSV)</a> is the most common cause of bronchiolitis. Sometimes, the common also can cause it. Bronchiolitis is one of the common serious acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants. Affected infants are between ages of 1 and 6 months but the disease can affect children upto 2 years old.... | 157,514 | medmcqa_train |
Cholinomimetics are useful in all of the following conditions EXCEPT | cholinomimetics use- 1.as miotic- in glaucoma/to reverse the effect of mydriatics after refraction testing/to prevent adhesions between lens and iris or cornea 2.in myasthenia gravis 3.in postoperative paralytic ileus 4.post operative decurarization 5.in cobra bite 6.in belladonna poisoning 8.in Alzheimer's disease REF... | 157,515 | medmcqa_train |
Gene mutations in Cystic fibrosis occurs at - | In cystic fibrosis, CFTR gene mutation occurs on the long arm of chromosome 7 Reference: Ghai essential pediatrics, 9 th edition, page 392 | 157,516 | medmcqa_train |
Paget's disease of the breast, true is | Pagets disease of nipple is a superficial manifestation of intraductal carcinoma.It mimics eczema of nipple and areola. There is a hard lump just beneath the areola which later ulcerates and cause destruction of nipple.. Its unilateral condition ,seen in menopausal women not associated with itching. | 157,517 | medmcqa_train |
Ketamine is useful as an anesthetic agent in- | (Refer: Morgan and Mikhail’s Clinical Anaesthesiology, 5th edition, pg no. 182 – 184)
Ketamine is a potent bronchodilator and relieves bronchospasm →Intravenous anaesthetic agent of choice in asthmatic
Ketamine increases ICT, IOP and cardiac oxygen demand, therefore contraindicated in other three conditions
Note-Inhal... | 157,518 | medmcqa_train |
What is true about Meniere&;s disease | Electrocochleography shows changes diagnostic of Meniere's disease. Normally the ratio of summating potential to action potential is 30%. In Meniere's disease, this ratio is greater than 30%. Ref: Diseases of EAR, NOSE and THROAT by PL Dhingra; 7th Edition; page no.113 | 157,519 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is antitubercular drugs bus assoasiated with hypothyroidism | Refer KDT 7th/771 Ethionamide PAS They are two antitubercular drugs assoasiated with hypothyroidism and goitre | 157,520 | medmcqa_train |
Commonest presentation of primary biliary cirrhosis? | Ans is 'a' i.e., Pruritus Harrison writes "Most patients with Primary biliary cirrhosis are asymptomatic, and the disease is initially detected on the basis of elevated serum alkaline phosphatase levels during routine screening. Often the earliest symptom is pruritus, which may be either generalized or limited initiall... | 157,521 | medmcqa_train |
What is the recommended isolation period of Hepatitis A from the initial onset of symptoms? | Isolation period of Hepatitis A is first 14 days of illness and for at least 7 days after jaundice show up. Incubation period of Hepatitis A is 10-50 days, commonly about 30-35 days. | 157,522 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following contraceptives provides complete protection against sexually transmitted disease: March 2013 (b, g) | Ans. B i.e. Barrier method Barrier methods They block sperm from entering the uterus. The following are barrier methods of contraception: - Condom - Female condom - Cervical cap (including Lea's Shield) - Diaphragm The male (and female) condom provides excellent protection against sexually transmitted infections. | 157,523 | medmcqa_train |
True about conn&;s syndrome- | Ans is option 2 and 3 Decrease K+ and proximal myopathy In Conn&;s disease Proximal myopathy occurs due to hypokalemia. Hypokalemia causes alteration of electrical excitability of nerve and muscle fibre membranes, which prevents transmission of normal action potential, leading to severe muscle weakness. Ref Harrison 17... | 157,524 | medmcqa_train |
Culture mediam for corynebacterium diphtheria? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Loefflers serum slope | 157,525 | medmcqa_train |
Fetal growth restriction is defined as estimated fetal weight is below the ------ for their Gestational age | IUGR is replaced by fetal growth restriction, which was designed to identify fetuses with estimated weight below the 10th percentile for their gestational ages.Reference: Practical guide to High-risk pregnancy and delivery; Chapter 4; Fetal growth restriction | 157,526 | medmcqa_train |
Sporulation is seen in which phase of bacterial growth phase? | Ref: Ananthanarayan, 8thed. pg. 24Features of Stationary Phase1. Viable count of cells remain stationary as an equilibrium exists between dying cells and newly formed cells2. Cells are viable and show irregular staining due to intracellular storage granules3. Sporulation occurs at this stage4. Production of antibiotics... | 157,527 | medmcqa_train |
One of the following is the most specific cardiac anomaly of a newborn to a diabetic mother: | Congenital malformation in fetus of a diabetic mother : * M/C system involved in congenital malformation CVS > CNS * Most specific structural anomaly seen - caudal regression syndrome ( sacral agenesis ) * Most specific cardiac anomaly seen in babes of diabetic mother - TGV | 157,528 | medmcqa_train |
Neuronal degeneration is seen in all of the following except | Neurapraxia is a disorder of the peripheral nervous system in which there is a temporary loss of motor and sensory function due to blockage of nerve conduction, usually lasting an average of six to eight weeks before full recovery. This condition is typically caused by a blunt neural injury due to external blows or sho... | 157,529 | medmcqa_train |
Which among the following is the best diagnostic method for finding out ovulation? | The finding of secretory endometrium confirms ovulation. The use of an endometrial biopsy (EMB) near the end of the luteal phase can provide reassurance of an adequate maturational effect on the endometrial lining. Within 48 hours of ovulation, the cervical mucus changes under the influence of progesterone to become th... | 157,530 | medmcqa_train |
1st urge at micturition comes at - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 150 ml "First urge to void is felt at a bladder volume of about 150 ml, and a marked seme offullness at about 400 ml".- Ganong | 157,531 | medmcqa_train |
During physical examination of a patient with history of TIA, it is found that the ankle jerk reflex is absent. Which of the following nerves is responsible for the reflex arc?, | The ankle jerk reflex, elicited by tapping the tendo Achilles with the reflex hammer, is mediated by Tibial nerve. The superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve supplies the foot eveor muscles of the lateral compament of the leg and provides sensory supply for the dorsum of the foot. The deep fibular (peroneal) nerve innerv... | 157,532 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the predominant immunoglobulin isotype secreted in the human MALT? | Ans. (d)The vast majority of the antibody generated in the human MALT (Mucosal Associated Lymphoid Tissues) is of the IgA isotype. IgE, IgG and IgM are present, but at far lower levels, and IgD is essentially absent. | 157,533 | medmcqa_train |
Abdominal Aorta Bifurcates at the level of | Abdominal Aorta Bifurcates at the Lower border of L4 | 157,534 | medmcqa_train |
For post-exposure prophylaxis, dose of human rabies immunoglobulin is: | Human rabies immune globulin (HRIG): 20 IU/kg, maximum injected locally, rest IM in gluteal region. It is indicated in only in category III bites. Equine rabies immunoglobulin (ERIG)- It is given at dose of 40 IU/kg . Being heterologous in origin (horse), it is associated with serum sickness; hence not in use. | 157,535 | medmcqa_train |
Prader willi syndrome and Angel man syndrome are examples of | Genomic imprinting is a proces of epigenetic modification of nucleotides in which only one allele of specific gene is functioning, while the other allele is silenced based on the parent of origin. | 157,536 | medmcqa_train |
Which pa of the ear has origin from all the three layers of germ layer: | The eardrum forms from the joining of the expanding first pharyngeal pouch and groove.Around day 30 of gestation, the endoderm-lined first expands to form the tympanic cavity, which subsequently envelops the inner ear ossicles.Simultaneously, the first pharyngeal groove, which is lined with ectoderm, expands to form th... | 157,537 | medmcqa_train |
Consider the following 1* Malnutrition deficiency 2. Lithostatin (pancreatic stone protein 3. Cassava tuber Oxidant stress (heightened cytochrome P-450 activity) Which of the above produce tropical calcific pancreatitis (fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes) ? | Calcification, which is another sign of chronic inflammation, can develop throughout the pancreas. These calcifications are like stones that are within the tissue itself, or within the pancreatic duct Ref Davidson 23rd edition pg 765 | 157,538 | medmcqa_train |
A diagnosed case of psoriasis, taking MTX since last 15 yrs presents with jaundice and abnormal LFT. So, what will be the course of management: | Methotrexate is hepatotoxic drug- Therefore, abnormal liver function test & jaundice (in history)- Next step- stop Mtx- Therefore, B is ruled out 3 systemic drugs used in psoriasis1. Mtx (Teratogenic, hepatotoxic)2. Cyclosporine (nephrotoxic)-3H( HTN, Hyperiglyceridemia , Hyperichosis)3. Acitretin- teratogenic, dyslipi... | 157,539 | medmcqa_train |
A 35 year old is given excessive intravenous Benzodiazepine.She suddenly becomes agitated, combative, and exhibits involuntary movements. The anesthesiologist determines that she is having a reaction to the drug which has been given in excess. Next step would be adminstration of: | Flumazenil | 157,540 | medmcqa_train |
Malignant pustule is seen in - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Cutaneous anthrax [Ref: Anantnarayan 8/ep 245\Anthrax is primarily a disease of the domestic animals.Humans are usually accidental hosts when brought into contact with infected animalsThe most common form of anthrax is cutaneous anthrax which is usually occurred via injured skin or musous membraneCuta... | 157,541 | medmcqa_train |
A 35 year old captain in the army has been plagued by a painful, erosive lesion near his ear lobe since his return from operation dese storm several years ago. Punch biopsy of the leading edge of the erosion reveals macrophages distended with oval amastigotes. How was this infection acquired? | This is the history of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by the L. tropica or L. major. The vector is sandfly (Phlebotomus sergenti or P.papatasii). This disease is also called as Delhi boil, Baghdad boil and oriental sore. Most cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis are seen in Afghanistan, Brazil, Iran, Iraq, Peru, and Saudi ... | 157,542 | medmcqa_train |
Polysaccharide capsular resistance to phagocytosis is seen in | The virulence of Streptococcus pneumoniae depends on the capsular polysaccharide. The capsular polysaccharide because of its acidic and hydrophilic propeies, protects the cocci from phagocytosis. Capsulated streptococcus pneumoniae are not phagocytosed efficiently in fluid media or exudates, however, they are susceptib... | 157,543 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following causes death in coarctation of Aorta except – | The causes of mortality in co-arctation of aorta are :
Hypertension o Aortic dissection o Premature atherosclerosis
Rupture of aorta o Left ventricular failure o Infective endocarditis
Cerebral hae... | 157,544 | medmcqa_train |
Tensors of vocal cord are | Intrinsic muscles acting on vocal cords: Abductors: Posterior cricoarytenoid Adductors: Lateral cricoarytenoid, lnterarytenoid (transverse arytenoid) Thyroarytenoid (external pa) Tensors: Cricothyroid, Vocalis (internal pa of thyroarytenoid) Intrinsic muscles acting on laryngeal inlet: Openers of laryngeal inlet: Thyro... | 157,545 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are useful in the intravenous therapy for hypertensive emergencies except | Ans. (D) Nifedipine(Ref: Katzung 10/e p145, 179: KDT 8th/e p618, 619)Nifedipine can be used rarely for the rapid control of blood pressure but the route of administration is sublingual. Fenoldopam is a D1 agonist used i.v. for hypertensive emergencies whereas urapidil is an a blocker. Enalaprilat (not enalparil) can al... | 157,546 | medmcqa_train |
An elderly multiparous woman with intrauterine foetal death was admitted with strong labour pains. The patient suddenly goes in shock with cyanosis respiratory disturbances and pulmonary oedema. The most likely clinical diagnosis is : | Amniotic fluid embolism | 157,547 | medmcqa_train |
Technique used for Aspiration of sperm directly from Testes for In-vitro feilization is: | Testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) is a procedure sample of sperm cells are removed from the testicle through a small needle attached to a syringe. Other methods used are PESA: Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration both TESA and PESA can be done under LA. MESA: Microsurgical Epididymal Sperm Aspiration TESE: Testicu... | 157,548 | medmcqa_train |
A 25 year old female patient history of 6 months, altered sensorium, involuntary rnovements,memory deficit, headache convulsions, abnormal movements, forgetfulness, 4 attack during day, 2 attack at night. CT normal : | Epilepsy It is a case of epilepsyTwo features our the diagnosis of epilepsy:-Presence of altered sensoriumOccurrence of epilep.sy during sleepDissociation disorders may resemble epilepsy, especially complex paial seizure.Dissociative disorders are a group of psychiatric syndromes characterized by disruptions of aspect ... | 157,549 | medmcqa_train |
Common posterior cranial fossa tumours include all of following except - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Oligodendroglioma o Oligodendrogliomas are uncommon tumours of childhood, occur predominently in the cerebral coex and originate in white matter (Supratentorial). Common childhood infratentorial post fossa tumors 1) Cerebellar astrocytoma (cystic astrocytoma) 3) Brainstem glioma 2) Medulloblastoma (Pr... | 157,550 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not a complication of Total Parenteral Nutrition | .catheter related complication infections hydrothorax,pneumothorax,hemothorax cardiac tamponade injuriesto aeries and veins thrombotic complication air embolism metabolic complication azotemia essential fatty acid def fluid overload metabolic bone disease liver dysfunction glucose imbalance electrolyte imbalance trace ... | 157,551 | medmcqa_train |
H1 antihistaminics afford benefit in a number of conditions. All of the following conditions are benefited by antagonism of histamine : | In common cold , excessive secretions (like rhinorrhoea) are due to cholinergic overactivity. First generation antihistaminics possess anticholinergic propey and therefore are effective for common cold. On the other hand, all other conditions are allergic and reare benefited by antagonism of H1 receptors. | 157,552 | medmcqa_train |
Cardiac output during pregnancy is maximal at : | 32nd week | 157,553 | medmcqa_train |
A 58-year-old woman had a mitral valve replacement, and was placed on anticoagulants and prophylactic antibiotics following her surgery. Five days after her surgery, she developed a sharply demarcated, erythematous rash on her left thigh. Two days after the rash appeared, large hemorrhagic bullae began to form in the a... | Warfarin is a coumarin anticoagulant used for the prophylaxis and treatment of thromboembolic complications associated with cardiac valve replacement and atrial fibrillation, as well as the prophylaxis and treatment of venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Warfarin may cause necrosis of the skin (typically on the b... | 157,554 | medmcqa_train |
Bias can be eliminated by all except: | Ans. d. Multivariate analysis (Ref: Park 23/e p73, 83, 21/e p68-70, 78-79, 84; en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bias_(statistics); style="font-size: 1.04761904761905em; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif; margin: 0 0 0 8px; text-indent: 0">Multivariate analysis refers to the analysis of two or more dependent variables at ... | 157,555 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not a cause of oropharyngeal carcinoma? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Occupational exposure to hydrochloric acid Etiology of oropharyngeal carcinoma Tobacco in any form - cigarette smoking or chewing Heavy alcohol abuse Beetle nut chewing Plummer vinson syndrome, cirrhosis Syphilis Trauma Dental irritation Poor oral hygiene Occupational exposure to isopropyl alcohol, su... | 157,556 | medmcqa_train |
Larva of which of the following is seen in feces | Filariform larva is the infective form of strongyloides stercoralis The rhabditiform larva migrates into the lumen of the intestine and passes down the gut to be released in faeces Ref : panikers textbook of Medical parasitology 8th edition page 182 | 157,557 | medmcqa_train |
Antibiotic potentiating the effect of NM blocker? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Aminoglycoside Impoant interactions of skeletal muscle relaxants General anaesthetics potentiate competitive blockers in the following order : Isoflurane (most), sevoflurane, desflurane, enflurane, Holothane and nitrous oxide (least). . Anticholinesterase (neostigmine, pyridostigmine & edrophonium) re... | 157,558 | medmcqa_train |
Dent disease is due to defect of? | Dent's disease (or Dent disease) is a rare X-linked recessive inherited condition that affects the proximal renal tubules of the kidney. It is one cause of Fanconi syndrome and is characterized by tubular proteinuria, excess calcium in the urine, the formation of calcium kidney stones, nephrocalcinosis, and chronic kid... | 157,559 | medmcqa_train |
A patient presents with low serum calcium, high phosphorus and etevated PTH. Which of the following investigations is least contributory to establish a diagnosis - | Ans is option 1.. Vit D levels Vit d deficiency is associated with hypophosphatemia and not hyperphosphatemia Renal failure, pseudohypoparathyroidism and increased urinary myoglobin may all be associated with combination of hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia and elevated PTH levels Ref Harrison 19/e p2482 | 157,560 | medmcqa_train |
Earliest phenotypic manifestation of Idiopathic hereditary hemochromatosis is- | Answer is D (Increased Transferrin Saturation) The Most Common Manifestation of Hemochromatosis is Hepatomegaly. Liver Enzymes may be normal or elevated depending on the extent of hepatocyte damage. A transferrin saturation of more than 45% is the earliest phenotypic abnormality in hereditary hematochromatosis' Transfe... | 157,561 | medmcqa_train |
Live vaccine is - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Sabin polioLive attenuatedInactivated or killedImmunoglobulins Bacterial BOG Typhoid oral VTral Oral Polio (Sabin) Yellow fever Measles Rubella Mumps Chicken pox Influenza Rickettsial Epidemic TyphusBacterial Typhoid Cholera Pertussis Meningitis Plague Viral Rabies Injectable polio (Salk) Influenza He... | 157,562 | medmcqa_train |
Prolonged use of one of the following anticonvulsant can produce weight loss - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Topiramate o Use of topiramate is limited by its unwanted side effects paicularly weight loss, sedation and naming difficulties. Note - Other drug causing weight loss is Felbamate. | 157,563 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following anti TB drugs acts on extracellular organisms and is bactericidal drug? | Streptomycin is the only anti-TB drug which acts on extracellular organisms and is bactericidal. All first line antitubercular drugs are bactericidal except ethambutol which is bacteriostatic. Impoant points about first line ATT: Drug Action Hepatotoxic Bacteria Inhibited Isoniazid CIDAL Yes Both Rifampicin CIDAL Yes B... | 157,564 | medmcqa_train |
The exact pa of the antigen that reacts with the immune system is called as ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Epitope Epitope . Also known as "antigenic determinant". . It is antibody binding site of antigen. . It is the smallest unit of antigenicity. . Antigenic determinants is composed of structures on the surface of molecules and can be constructed in two ways: 1. Within a single segment of primary sequenc... | 157,565 | medmcqa_train |
Best treatment for remission of acute ulcerative colitis is ? | GLUCOCOICOIDS Effective for inducing remission in both UC & CD. No role in maintenance in either UC or CD. Once clinical remission is achieved , they should be tapered. | 157,566 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not a feature of MEN type | Ans: d (Adrenocortical adenoma)Ref: Harrison, 17 ed pg. 2359MEN I (Wermer's syndrome) is characterized by pituitary, parathyroid & pancreatic affection. Pheochromocytoma is seen in all three even though less common in MEN I MEN' I (wermer's)MEN IIA (sipple)MEN II BPi tut aryAdenomaHyperplasia ParathyroidHyperplasiaAden... | 157,567 | medmcqa_train |
Samters triad is seen in patients with - | Ans. is 'a' i.e.. Asthma [Ref: Dhingra 5th/ep. /55jSamter's triado Samter's triad is a medical condition consisting of asthma, aspirin sensitivity, and nasal/ethmoidal polyposis. It occurs in middle age (twenties and thirties are the most common onset times) and may not include any allergies.o Most commonly, the first ... | 157,568 | medmcqa_train |
Besides zidovudine and lamivudine, which following drug is a reverse transcriptase inh v used in the treatment of HIV infection? | Anti-Retroviral drugs (a) Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (Nis) : Zidovudine (AZT), Didanosine, Zalcitabine*, Stavudine, Lamivudine, Abacavir (b) Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNis) : Nevirapine, Eirenz, Delavirdine* (c) Protease inhibitors : Ritonavir, Indinavir, Nelfinavir, Saquinavir, A... | 157,569 | medmcqa_train |
Chloride responsive alkalosis, causes are- | Repeat | 157,570 | medmcqa_train |
The bone matrix has the following crystals ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Calcium hydroxyapatite Structure of bone Bone is a specialized connective tissue. o Bone components are :? Inorganic elements (65%) Organic matrix (35%) 1. Inorganic elements It is the mineral phase, principally composed of calcium and phosphate, mostly in the form of hydroxyapatite. | 157,571 | medmcqa_train |
Cabot&;s ring is seen in- | In the peripheral blood smear of megaloblastic anaemia . Cabot rings are thin, threadlike, red to violet rings or "figure 8" shaped inclusions in red blood cells. Cabot rings are remnants of the mitotic spindle, and can be seen in megaloblastic anemia, medication effect, myelodysplasia and other forms of dyserythropoie... | 157,572 | medmcqa_train |
Not a surgical landmark for parotid surgery | surgical landmark of parotid surgery are : Tragal pointer Digastric posterior belly Styloid process tympansmastoid suture ref : hazarika 4th ed | 157,573 | medmcqa_train |
Comparison of efficacy of a new drug B with an existing drug A is done in which phase of clinical trials? | "The purpose of phase III trials is to obtain adequate data about the efficacy and safety of drugs in a larger number of patients of either sex in multiple centres usually in comparison with the standard drug." Phase I: Human Pharmacology (Non-therapeutic trials): Done in healthy persons Phase II: Therapeutic explorato... | 157,574 | medmcqa_train |
Vogt Koyanagi–Harada (VKH) syndrome is – | VKH syndrome is a multisystem disorder characterized by chronic granulomatous uveitis with exudative retinal detachment that is often associated with neurological and cutaneous manifestations. | 157,575 | medmcqa_train |
Features of hereditary spherocytosis include all of the following except : | Answer is C (MCV Ted) Mean corpuscular volume of RBC is decreased in patients with hereditary spherocytosis. Hereditary spherocytosis is characterised by defect in one of the proteins in the cytoskeleton of Red cell membrane, leading to loss of membrane, and hence decreased ratio of surface area to volume and consequen... | 157,576 | medmcqa_train |
Which one of the following is NOT a component of the filtration slit diaphragm at the glomerulus? | The filtration barrier in the glomerulus is composed of the endothelial cells of glomerular capillaries, basement membrane that covers the endothelial cells, and foot processes of the epithelial cells surrounding the basement membrane Podocytes are separated by apparent gaps called filtration slits. Each filtration sli... | 157,577 | medmcqa_train |
By what age does a child achieve the following developmental milestone? | Age
Milestones
4 months
6 months
9 months
10-12 months
12 months
Bidextrous grasp
Unidextrous / palmar grasp(Ulnar grasp)
Immature Pincer grasp
Palmar grasp (Radial grasp)
Mature Pincer grasp | 157,578 | medmcqa_train |
Uses of PUVA – a) Pigmented purpuric lesionb) Herpes zosterc) Mycosis fungoidesd) Lupus panniculitise) Lichenoid dermatitis of Gougerot & Blum | Indications for PUVA and UVB
Established major indications :- Psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, vitiligo, mycosis fungoides, Polymorphic light eruption, pompholyx.
Less frequently treated (less evidence of effectiveness) :- Pityriasis rosea, morphea, chronic urticaria, Pityriasis lichenoid chronica, Alopecia totalis & Uni... | 157,579 | medmcqa_train |
Drug of choice for Bupivacaine induced cardiac arrythmia | Bretylium is a class III Antiarrythmic used to treat Bupivacaine induced ventricular tachycardia. | 157,580 | medmcqa_train |
Quod Hanc is- | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Psychologic impotence | 157,581 | medmcqa_train |
Area of skin supplied by single nerve supply | A dermatome is an area of skin that is mainly supplied by a single spinal nerve. There are eight cervical nerves (C1 being an exception with no dermatome), twelve thoracic nerves, five lumbar nerves and five sacral nerves. Each of these nerves relays sensation (including pain) from a particular region of skin to the br... | 157,582 | medmcqa_train |
False statement about MODY is - | Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance, early onset of hyperglycemia (usually <25 years; sometimes in neonatal period), and impaired insulin secretion. It is non insulin requiring diabetes and can be managed by diet and sulfonylurea (paicularly HNF-1a and HNF-4a f... | 157,583 | medmcqa_train |
Metachromatic granules are found in: | Metachromatic granules
It is a type of intracytoplasmic inclusion characteristically seen in diphtheria bacilli.
Also known as volutin or metachromatic or Babes Ernst granules.
Strongly basophilic bodies consist of polymetaphosphate.
They are reservoir of energy and phosphate.
They are most frequent in cells growing u... | 157,584 | medmcqa_train |
Elevation of which of the following metabolite in MR Spectroscopy suggests a possibility of carcinoma prostate? | Ans CMR Spectroscopy of Prostate - Principal among the identifiable metabolite is citrate, found in relatively high concentration in the glandular tissue of a healthy prostate. The normal MRI spectrum of the prostate reveals a prominent citrate peak, which often appears as a doublet if the shim is good enough. Other ar... | 157,585 | medmcqa_train |
All the following are angiogenic factors EXCEPT - | Robbins basic pathology 9th edition page no 67,heading=Growth factors involved in Angiogenesis. Correct option is 3,IFN Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) stimukates both migration and proliferation of endothelial cells,thus initiating the process of capillary sprouting in angiogenesis. Placental growth factor(P... | 157,586 | medmcqa_train |
Not a feature of REM sleep: | Bruxism REF: GUYTON & HALL, Ganong, various internet resources. See APPENDIX-11 for "SLEEP PHYSIOLOGY" | 157,587 | medmcqa_train |
Function of larynx ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All There are three impoant functions of larynx, which are of real concerns to the clinician :? Provision of airway Larynx serves as a conduit for air and waste gases to and from lungs. Protection of airway Larynx prevents the passage of secretions of food and of other forein material into the upper r... | 157,588 | medmcqa_train |
Most common nerve injured in ligation of inferior thyroid aery | Recurrent laryngeal nerve may pass anterior, posterior or through the branches of the aery and care is taken to preserve it. RLN is injured near the ligament of Berry when cautery or aery forceps is used indiscriminately while cutting the ligament of Berry to free the thyroid lobe. Ref: Dhingra 7e pg 382. | 157,589 | medmcqa_train |
Most common cause of death in Electrocution is- | Ventricular fibrillation is the usual cause of death in electrocution. | 157,590 | medmcqa_train |
With slowly advancing enamel caries and rapid involvement of dentin, the type of dentin formed is: | Sclerotic dentin
Dentin that forms in response to stimuli such as aging or mild irritation (slow advancing caries). When responding to initial caries demineralization events, crystalline material precipitates in intratubular and intertubular dentin. Sclerotic dentin walls off a lesion by blocking (sealing) the dentina... | 157,591 | medmcqa_train |
Inveor of foot is | Eversion: movement in which the lateral border of the foot is elevated so that the sole faces laterally. Inversion: movement in which the medial border of the foot is elevated so that the sole faces medially. In eversion and inversion, the entire pa of the foot below the talus moves together. Inversion is accompanied b... | 157,592 | medmcqa_train |
All are TRUE about hyperparathyroidism, except- | solitary adenoma is the most common cause ( Harrison 17 pg 2380) | 157,593 | medmcqa_train |
Population attributable risk is defined as the difference between- | .population attributable risk is the incidence of the disease or death in the total population minus the incidence of disease or death among those who were not exposed to the suspected casual factor..this concept is useful in that it provides an estimate of the amount by which the disease could be reduced in that popul... | 157,594 | medmcqa_train |
A child of 5 years can use sentences of around how many words? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 10 words * Although a child has a vocabulary of 250 words at 3 years, the child can use sentence of 10 words at 5 years.* At 18 months, the child can use 10 words with meaning.Other milestones asked in the question are achieved in children older than 18 months* Making a tower of 9 cubes - 30 months* T... | 157,595 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following inhibits both gastric acid secretion and motility? | G.I.P Secretion + glucose /fat in duodenum, in large doses it inhibits gastric secretion and motility V.I.P -They are inhibitory to the smooth muscles of the intestines. -It causes smooth muscle relaxation in the GIT --> decreases the motility Somatostatin: -Central mechanism of inhibition of gastric acid secretion. -N... | 157,596 | medmcqa_train |
A 23 year old presented with fever with chills and back pain. He also complained about increased frequency of voiding. USG examination reveals that bladder stones. All of the following are true about bladder stones, EXCEPT: | Primary vesical calculi are rare in the United States but are common in Southeast Asia and the Middle East. Most bladder calculi are seen in men. In developing countries, they are frequently found in prepubescent boys. Stone analysis frequently reveals ammonium urate, uric acid, or calcium oxalate stones. A solitary bl... | 157,597 | medmcqa_train |
Nerve most commonly injured in Mcburney's incision: | Ans. (b) Iliohypogastric NRef: Bailey and Love 26th edition, Page 1214* Most common nerve injured in McArthur grid iron incision is Iliohypogastric nerve | 157,598 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the clinical indication for using Cidofovir? | Cidofovir is a cytidine nucleotide analogue. This is a broad spectrum agent with in vitro activity against human herpesviruses, adenovirus, HPV, polyomaviruses and human poxviruses. Cidofovir is under clinical investigation for a variety of potential applications. Examples include intravenous administration of cidofovi... | 157,599 | medmcqa_train |
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