query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
value |
|---|---|---|---|
PCR detects | Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique used in molecular biology to amplify a single copy or a few copies of a piece of DNA across several orders of magnitude, generating thousands to millions of copies of a paicular DNA sequenceRef: DM Vasudevan, 7th edition, page no: 638 | 159,000 | medmcqa_train |
Factors which help in descent of presenting pa during labour are all except | Factors facilitating descent are Uterine contraction and retraction Bearing down effos Straightening of the fetal ovoid specially after rupture of membranes | 159,001 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the earliest sign of lead poisoning? | Facial pallor paicularly of the mouth is the earliest and most consistent sign of chronic lead poisoning and is due to vasospasm. Chronic poisoning results from a daily intake of 1-2mg of lead. Other characteristic features of chronic lead poisoning are anaemia (punctate basophilia), lead line, colic and constipation, ... | 159,002 | medmcqa_train |
BRCA1 gene is located on? | BRCA1 gene is located on the chromosome 17. Mutations in the BRCA1, BRCA2, account for 80% of cases of familial breast cancer. In addition to breast cancer, women with BRCA1 mutation have a substantially higher risk of epithelial ovarian cancers & men have a slightly higher risk of prostate cancer. Likewise mutation in... | 159,003 | medmcqa_train |
Recruitment of follicles is caused by | FSH is responsible for recruitment of follicles. | 159,004 | medmcqa_train |
Gene responsible for pathogenesis of H pylori | Cytotoxic: products of two genes namely cytotoxin- associated gene A(cagA) and vacuolating agent(vacA) gene cause gastritis, peptic ulceration and cancer GENERAL AND SYSTEMIC PATHOLOGY RAMDAS NAYAK FIRST EDITION PAGE 379 | 159,005 | medmcqa_train |
Rotator interval is between | Refer Essentials of Ohopedic surgery Rotator interval is a triangular poion of shoulder capsule which lies between supraspinatus and subsacapularis tendon | 159,006 | medmcqa_train |
Baon's fracture is injury to ? | Baon&;s fracture is an intra aicular fracture of distal radius. Here fracture extends from aicular surface of the radius to either its anterior or posterior coices. The small distal fragments get displaced and carries with it the carpals.(carpal bone subluxation) 2 types of volar Baons fracture and dorsal Baons fractur... | 159,007 | medmcqa_train |
In a seriously ill patient, addition of amino acids in the diet results in a positive nitrogen balance. The mechanism for this is | Glucose, mannose, aminoacids (such as leucine, arginine, others) and β ketoacids such as acetoacetate (derived from fat catabolism) stimulate insulin secretin and have protein sparing effect.
Insulin has anabolic effect on metabolism. It decreases protein catabolism and fat catabolism for energy production and increase... | 159,008 | medmcqa_train |
Nipple inversion occurs due to involvement of: | Ans. (b) Subareolar duct(Ref: Bailey 25/e p834)* Peau- de orange - Subdermal Lymphatic infiltration (T4b)* Dimpling/Puckering/tethering of skin - Due to Coopers ligament of breast involvement (It is not skin involvement is T staging)* Nipple retraction - Fibrosis in and around the Subareolar duct | 159,009 | medmcqa_train |
Hairy leukoplakia is characterized by? | Ans. is 'b' i.e. EBV infection Hairy leukoplakia (Oral hairy leukoplakia, OHL)* It is a condition caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and occurs usually in persons who are immunocompromised, especially those with HIV/AIDS.* It presents an asymptomatic white patch, which almost exclusively occurs on the lateral surfaces ... | 159,010 | medmcqa_train |
Aery which does not supply Medulla is | Medulla supplied byAnterior spinalPosterior spinalPosterior inferior cerebellar Direct medullary branches of veebral and basilar | 159,011 | medmcqa_train |
Silver impregnation technique is used in the identification of ? | Silver impregnation: cells and structure too thin to be seen under the ordinary microscope may be rendered visible if they are thickened by impregnation of silver on the surface. Such a method is used for the demonstration of spirochetes and bacterial flagella REF:Ananthanarayan & Panicker's Textbook of Microbiology 9t... | 159,012 | medmcqa_train |
Broad Granular casts are seen in | Broad granular casts - Chronic renal failure.
RBC casts - Glomerular injury. | 159,013 | medmcqa_train |
Psoriasis associated with p – hemolytic streptococcal infection – | Guttate psoriasis is precipitated by upper respiratory tract infection, e.g. streptococcal tonsilitis. | 159,014 | medmcqa_train |
Longest acting local anaesthetic is: March 2013 (e, h) | Ans. C i.e. Bupivacaine Bupivacaine Amide with duration of action more than 2 hours, C/I for: Bier's block/Intravenous regional anaesthesia/IVRA It is highly cardiotoxic Cardiotoxicity is not easily reversible, Levo-bupivacaine is used by epidural/intrathecal route | 159,015 | medmcqa_train |
Partogram in pregnancy includes all of the following except - | Ans: D | 159,016 | medmcqa_train |
Otoconia is related to | Otoconia are bio-crystals which couple mechanic forces to the sensory hair cells in the utricle and saccule, a process essential for us to sense linear acceleration and gravity for the purpose of maintaining bodily balance. In fish, structurally similar bio-crystals called otoliths mediate balance Ref : Internet source... | 159,017 | medmcqa_train |
True about Rheumatic fever | Answer is A (Chorea is aggrevated during pregnancy) Sydenham's chorea may be aggravated by pregnancy. 'Patient's with sydenham's chorea may have chorea during pregnancy (chorea gravidarum) and are at higher risk of chorea induced by phenytoin or oral contraceptives' - The 5- Minute Neurology consult (2003) /399 Sydenho... | 159,018 | medmcqa_train |
Treatment of multiple carboxylase deficiency | Treatment of multiple carboxylase or biotinidase deficiency is biotin.Oral dose is 10-40 mg/kg/day Reference:Essential pediatrics-Ghai,8th edition,page no:650 | 159,019 | medmcqa_train |
HILL’S criteria of causal association are all except: | Bradford Hill & others pointed out that the likelihood of a causal relationship is increased by the presence of the following criteria :
Temporal Association
Strength of Association
Specificity of Association
Consistency of Association
Biological Plausibility
Coherence of Association | 159,020 | medmcqa_train |
Aerial supply of latismus dorsi is: | A. i.e. Subscapular aerySubscapular aery is largest branch of axillary aeryQ arise from its 3i-cl pa & supplies lattismus dorsi and serratus anterior musclesQ. | 159,021 | medmcqa_train |
A patient presents with B/L proptosis, heat intolerance and palpitations; most unlikely diagnosis here would be | Answer is D (Reidel's thyroiditis) : Reidel's thyroiditis is usually a consistently hypothyroid condition. The patient in the given question is presenting with symptoms of Hypehyroidism. The condition, most unlikely to produce the picture is the one where hypehyroidism is not a feature, not even transient. Reidel's thy... | 159,022 | medmcqa_train |
At what age upper segment : lower segment ratio becomes 1 : 1 ? | Age
US : LS Ratio
Birth
1.7 : 1
3 years
1.3 : 1
7 - 10 years
1 : 1
> 10 years
0.3 : 1 | 159,023 | medmcqa_train |
Which of these is not an ultrasound finding consistent with diagnosis of adenomyosis? | USG findings in adenomyosis Uterine enlargement not explained by leiomyoma Subendometrial echogenic linear striations Heterogenous echotexture Cystic anechoic spaces or hypoechoic areas: lakes of endometrial blood Junctional zone between endometrium and myometrium>12 mm (normal 5-8 mm) Obscured endo-myometrial interfac... | 159,024 | medmcqa_train |
A person suffered an injury in the right eye with a tennis ball. Following which he developed pain and on examination of fundus a red spot is seen at the macula. What is the most probable diagnosis? | This patient has developed Berlins edema following injury to the eye. This is caused by a pressure wave which pass into the posterior pole of the eye following blunt eye trauma. In this condition retina develops a grey white colour seen mainly in the outer retina which may extend to the macula. If it involves the macul... | 159,025 | medmcqa_train |
The term "Dementia praecox" was coined by | Although earlier descriptions of schizophrenia-like illness are recorded in the literature (such as in Ayurveda; Kahlbaum's description of catatonia; Hecker's description of hebephrenia), the scientific study of the disorder began with the description of dementia praecox by Emil Kraepelin. Ref: A Sho Textbook of Psychi... | 159,026 | medmcqa_train |
A female presents with primary amenorrhea and absent vagina, the next investigation to be done is : | Laparoscopy | 159,027 | medmcqa_train |
what is the cell junction marked as circle ? | image shows : zona occludens : tight junctions in intestine and renal tubular cells ell Junctions Types Tight Junctions (Occluding Junctions) Seal adjacent epithelial cells together prevent passage of molecules, membrane-bound lipids and proteins Gap Junctions (Communicating Junctions)= Allow adjacent cell communicatio... | 159,028 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is true about colon carcinomaa) Rt. sided colon carcinoma associated with young individualsb) Most common site is sigmoid colonc) Rt. sided colon carcinoma present as chronic anemiad) Not resectable in case of metastasise) Rt. sided colon has better prognosis than Lt. sided colon. | • Left sided colon cancers are more infiltrative at the time of diagnosis than right lesions, associated with poor prognosis | 159,029 | medmcqa_train |
First reflex to reappear after spinal shock? | Ans. B Withdrawal reflexRef: Ganong, 25th ed. pg. 235* In days following development of spinal shock patient will have low threshold for elicitation of withdrawal reflex* Minimal noxious stimulus to arm will lead to withdrawal of one extremity and marked flexion-extension pattern of other 3 limbs.* Later the Deep tendo... | 159,030 | medmcqa_train |
The part of urinary bladder that shows non-keratinizing squamous metaplasia in adult females? | Ans. c (Trigone) (Ref. Smith's urology, p. 266)Nonkeratinizing squamous metaplasia (Trigonitis) is the squamous metaplastic changes that occur in the trigone of the bladder, almost exclusively in women of childbearing age (almost nonexistent in children).Trigonal nonkeratinizing squamous metaplasia# The trigone of the ... | 159,031 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following anaesthetic agent also has anti-emetic propey: September 2006 | Ans. C: Propofol Anaesthetics with anti-emetic propey: Midazolam given at the onset of anaesthesia has been shown in to be as effective as ondansetron Propofol is versatile; the drug can be given for sho or prolonged sedation as well as for general anaesthesia. It is an anti-emetic. | 159,032 | medmcqa_train |
Following injury to blood vessels , immediate haemostasis is achieved by which of the following | ref Robbins 8/e p115 Vascular spasm (Vasoconstriction) -Vasoconstriction is produced by vascular smooth muscle cells, and is the blood vessel's first response to injury. ... When a blood vessel is damaged, there is an immediate reflex, initiated by local sympathetic pain receptors, which helps promote vasoconstriction | 159,033 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are true for Korsakoff's psychosis except: March 2010 | Ans. C: Deficiency of cyanocobalamin Korsakoff's psychosis/amnesic-confabulatory syndrome is a neurological disorder caused by the lack of thiamine (vitamin B1) in the brain. There are six major symptoms of Korsakoff's syndrome: Anterograde amnesia and Retrograde amnesia, severe memory loss Confabulation, that is, inve... | 159,034 | medmcqa_train |
A 17-year-old girl with keratitis and severe pain in the eye came to the hospital and acanthamoeba keratitis was suspected. The patient gave the history of the following 4 points. Out of these which is not a risk factor for acanthamoeba keratitis – | Corneal infection with acanthamoeba result from direct corneal contact with any material or water contaminated with the organism. The risk factors are : (i) Contact lens use, (ii) Trauma, (iii) Opportunistic infections. | 159,035 | medmcqa_train |
The primary defet which leads to sickle cell anemia is - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Replacement of glutamate by valine in b chain of HBA Sickle cell anemia Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary hemoglobinopathy, i.e. the type of disease characterized by production of defective hemoglobin. Normal hemoglobin o The hemoglobin molecule is an assembly of four globular protein. o Each subunit... | 159,036 | medmcqa_train |
A patient who has undergone partial gastrectomy presents with neurological symptoms. Most probable diagnosis: | Ans. (c) Vitamin B12 deficiencyRef: Sabsiton 20th Edition, Page 1212* Following partial gastrectomy there is decreased production of Intrinsic factor which leads to vitamin B12 deficiency. | 159,037 | medmcqa_train |
Essential for tumor metastasis is: | Angiogenesis | 159,038 | medmcqa_train |
Ixekizumab is novel drug approved by the FDA for treatment of psoriasis, MOA of this drug is : | Ixekizumab, approved for treatment of plaque psoriasis. It is a humanized IL-17A antagonist that works when IgG4 monoclonal antibodies selectively bind with IL-17A cytokines and inhibit their interaction with the IL-17 receptor. Secukinumab, similar to Ixekizumab, this injectable is an IgG1 monoclonal antibody that sel... | 159,039 | medmcqa_train |
For a survey a village is divided into 5 lanes then each lane is sampled randomly is an example is: | Stratified random sampling Random/probability sample : sample in which researcher can specify the population known factor of any one element (same)in the population being included.(being picking link). So every person has an equal chance of selection in random sampling. - Probability samples used in inferential statist... | 159,040 | medmcqa_train |
13.All the following are true of antrochonal polyp,except: | Ref.Dhingra 6/e p 174,175 | 159,041 | medmcqa_train |
Contents of Deep perineal pouch include all of the following, EXCEPT: | Root of penis is present in the superficial perineal pouch and not in the deep perineal pouch. Contents of the deep perineal pouch are: Sphincter urethraBubourethral glandsDorsal nerve of penisMembranous pa of urethraDeep transverse perineal muscleInternal pudendal vessel and its branches Ref: Clinical Anatomy for Medi... | 159,042 | medmcqa_train |
Not seen in hyponatremia: March 2009 | Ans. B: Delusion | 159,043 | medmcqa_train |
Which one of the following are most improtant antigen presenting cells in human- | Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease South Asia edition. *immature dendritic cells within the epidermis are called langerhans cells .dendritic cells are the most impoant antigen presenting cells for initiating T cell responses against protein antigen. | 159,044 | medmcqa_train |
Purulent inflammation and infection of terminal pulp space of distal phalanges is known as: September 2009 | Ans. B: Whitlow Whitlow/Felons are closed-space infections of the fingeip pulp. This is the commonest hand infection . Fingeip pulp is divided into numerous small compaments by veical septa that stabilize the pad. Infection occurring within these compaments can lead to abscess formation, edema, and rapid development of... | 159,045 | medmcqa_train |
A 32-year-old female, asymptomatic, not requiring blood transfusion, presents with Hb 13.0 gm/dl. Her HbF levels are 95%, HbA2, 1.5%. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis - | <p>In contrast to alpha thalassemia ,gene deletion rarely ever causes beta thalassemia & is only seen in an entity called hereditary persistence of foetal hemoglobin (HPFH).</p><p>In the given case scenario ,HbA2 is within normal limit (1.5-3.5%) in contrast to thalassemia where the HbA2 will be increased .</p><p>Refer... | 159,046 | medmcqa_train |
Y descent in jugular venous pulsation is due to | Y descent is due to passive movement of blood from atria to ventricles i.e. early diastolic filling | 159,047 | medmcqa_train |
Damage to which Brodmann area is responsible for motor aphasia | Motor aphasia is due to lesion in Broca's area which belong to Brodmann's area 44, (inferior frontal gyrus). | 159,048 | medmcqa_train |
Superior cerebellar peduncle contains mainly which tract ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., TectocerebellarSuperior cerebellar peduncle This is the major output of the brain and connects to the midbrain, the cerebellothalamic tract (to the thalamus), and the cerebellorubral tract (to the red nucleus). It receives afferents from the locus coeruleus, and ventral spinocerebellar tract.Middle ce... | 159,049 | medmcqa_train |
WHO was established in? | WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO):- WHO is a specialized, non-political health agency of United Nations established in 1945. Constituition Came into force on 7th April, 1948. April -7th - World health day. Objective of WHO: is attainment by all people of the highest level of health First constitutional function of WHO: t... | 159,050 | medmcqa_train |
After suffering a streptococcal throat infection, a 12-year-old immigrant boy develops cardiac symptoms that are attributed to rheumatic fever. Years later, at the age of 34 he is admitted to the hospital with pulmonary edema. Further examination reveals a diastolic murmur at the apex and mitral stenosis is diagnosed. ... | Dilation of the left atrium is the obvious complication following long-standing mitral stenosis. Echocardiography is the simplest and most precise method of showing enlargement of the left atrium. Frequently, there is a latency period of 15-20 years before symptoms become evident. Important complications of mitral sten... | 159,051 | medmcqa_train |
A female child of a mother is diagnosed to have Duchenne's muscular dystrophy. What risk does the mother have for her next male child to suffer from similar illness? | (B) 50% # Duchenne muscular dystrophy is inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern.> Male children, who have an XY chromosome pair, receive one of their mother's two X chromosomes and their father's Y chromo- some. Women DMD carriers who have an abnormal X chromosome have a one-in-two chance of passing that abnormalit... | 159,052 | medmcqa_train |
On 7th postoperative day after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, patient developed right upper abdominal pain and 10 cm*8cm collection. Treatment consists of | Goals of therapy in Iatrogenic bile duct injury Control of infection limiting inflammation: Parenteral antibiotics Percutaneous drainage of peripoal fluid collection Clear and thorough delineation of entire biliary anatomy MRCP/PTC ERCP (especially if cystic duct stump leak suspected) Re-establishment of biliary enteri... | 159,053 | medmcqa_train |
The function common to neutrophils, monocyte & macrophages is | Neutrophils, monocyte & macrophages are the pa of phagocytosis not the pa of immunty. Cellular Components and Phagocytosis Therefore, phagocytes, present in the blood, lymphoid tissue, liver, spleen, lung, and other tissues, are the cells responsible for the uptake and removal of foreign antigen. Phagocytes include (1)... | 159,054 | medmcqa_train |
All are true about poliovirus, except: | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Type 1 is responsible for vaccine paralytic poliomyelitis PandcVDPVFactSheet-Feb2015.pdfReference:Sabin strain type 1,2,3 are associated with Vaccine - associated paralytic polio (VAPP) and Vaccine derived poliovirus (VDPV). | 159,055 | medmcqa_train |
The patient with the following show the maximum deposits of lipofuscin in - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Severe malnutrition | 159,056 | medmcqa_train |
One criteria for prudent diet? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Saturated fats < 10% of total energy Dietary goals prescribed by WHO expe committee prudent diet 3 Dietary modification is the principal preventive strategy in the prevention of CHD. The WHO Expe Committee (1) considered the following dietary changes to be appropriate for high incidence populations. R... | 159,057 | medmcqa_train |
Neurotransmitter playing major part in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Acetylcholine Neurotransmitters in Alzheimer's diseaseo Acetylcholine has a major role in memory functions and deficiency in cholinergic functioning is associated with memory disturbances particularly short term memory. In Alzheimer's disease there loss of cells in the nucleus basalis of meyernet resu... | 159,058 | medmcqa_train |
Rapid examination of Tubercle bacilli is possible with? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Auramine Rhodamine stain | 159,059 | medmcqa_train |
Negri bodies are characteristic of | Negri bodies are the inclusion bodies of the rabies virus formed in brain cells most commonly found in cerebellum (purkinje cells). Inclusion bodies are nuclear or cytoplasmic aggregates of stable substances, usually proteins. They typically represent sites of viral multiplication in a bacterium or a eukaryotic cell an... | 159,060 | medmcqa_train |
A 27 years old patient with 20 weeks sized uterus presented with vesicular mole. Treatment is: | Suction evacuation is the treatment of choice for hydatidiform mole, regardless of uterine size. Follow this, with a gentle curettage. b-HCG estimation weekly till negative: Values come to negative bya) 9 Weeks in a Complete moleb) 7 Weeks in an incomplete mole | 159,061 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following organism is identified by interferon | Interferon-gamma release assay: This test uses Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen CFP10 which reacts with T-lymphocytes of the patient to release gamma interferon. This test is not very specific for pulmonary tuberculosis, hence is not recommended any longer. Ref: Textbook of microbiology; Ananthanarayan and paniker's;... | 159,062 | medmcqa_train |
Triple sugar iron agar showing gas production with red slant and yellow butt. The organism cultured is ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Shigella flexneri | 159,063 | medmcqa_train |
Drug of choice for pregnant female suspected of having a baby with congenital adrenal hyperplasia is | Dexamethasone is very potent and highly selective glucocoicoid to be staed before 10 weeks of gestation to suppress fetal androgen production effectively It has a long duration of action and cause marked pituitary-adrenal suppression. DOC for CAH is hydrocoisone but DOC for pregnant women having baby with CAH - dexamet... | 159,064 | medmcqa_train |
Which is false about Penicillium marneffi? | Penicillium Marneffei: It is the only dimorphic fungus in the genus Penicillium. Causes oppounistic infection (fulminant) in immunocompromised hosts, such as patients with HIV. Lab Diagnosis: - Direct Microscopy: Shows oval or elliptical yeast cells with central septation, which indicates that these cells divide by tra... | 159,065 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following can be viewed on a conventional radiograph? | Calcification of canals. Buccal curvature cannot be seen from the conventional radiographs. Gingival fibers and the periodontal ligament, being connective tissues, are radiolucent radiographically. | 159,066 | medmcqa_train |
All are steroids except ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Thyroxine Steroids Steroids are complex molecules consisting of four fused carbon rings. There is a phenanthrene nucleus made of three six-membered rings (A,B,C, rings), and a cyclopentane which forms D ring. The fully saturated parent compound (steroid) is known as cyclopentanoperhydrophenathrene. Th... | 159,067 | medmcqa_train |
In marfan syndrome, the defect is in - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Fibrillin I Marfan syndromeo Marfan syndrome results from inherited defect in an extracellular glycoprotein fibrillin - 1 on chromosome -15.o It has autosomal dominant inheritance,o Pathogenesiso Defect in fibrillin affects the elastic recoil of extracellular connective tissue.Elastic fibres consist o... | 159,068 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is a compound condylar joint? | Knee joint has more than two bones paicipating (hence Compound joint). It is formed by lateral and medial femorotibial and the femoropatellar joints It is Compound synol joint incorporating two condylar joints between the condyles of the femur and tibia and one saddle joint between the femur and the patella TM joint is... | 159,069 | medmcqa_train |
False about medullary cancer thyroid | Ans. (d) These cancers take up Radio iodineRef: Bailey and Love 27th Edition Page 820* Medullary thyroid cancers are not hormone dependent (Not TSH dependent)* They don't take up RAI* Differentiated thyroid Cancers - Papillary and follicular take up Radio active iodine and used in cases of treatment of high risk cases. | 159,070 | medmcqa_train |
A 15 year old female presents with primary amenorrhoea. Her breasts are Tanner 4 but she has no axillary or pubic hair. The most likely diagnosis is : | Answer is C (Testicular feminization syndrome): Presence of well developed breast (tanner stage 4) with scanty axillary or pubic hair in a phenotypic 'female' with primary amenorrhea (? no uterus) suggests the diagnosis of Testicular feminization syndrome. | 159,071 | medmcqa_train |
Patient underwent inguinal lymph node dissection and drain was placed. On 10th day severe bleeding occurs. What type of bleeding is this? | Ans. (b) Secondary* Secondary hemorrhage is due to sloughing of wall of vessel. It usually occurs 7-14 days after injury and is precipitated by factors such as infection,pressure necrosis or malignancy. | 159,072 | medmcqa_train |
Major aim of phase 1 clinical trials is to know the | Phase I trial is designed as a dose-escalation study to determine the maximum tolerable dosage (MTD), that is, the maximum dose associated with an acceptable level of dose-limiting toxicity. Phase 1 Clinical Trials: The drug is tested in healthy human volunteers (extremes of ages ; elderly and children are excluded). A... | 159,073 | medmcqa_train |
In which of the following step of TCA cycle, carbon dioxide is removed? | Ans: a)Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase The two oxidative decarboxylation reactions of the TCA cycle are: 1. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 2. a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase | 159,074 | medmcqa_train |
Precursor for the synthesis of testosterone is: | Pregnenolone or Progesterone are the precursors for the synthesis of testosterone, aldosterone, estradiol and cortisol. | 159,075 | medmcqa_train |
Blastocyte comes out on which day after feilization ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 4-7 days Free floating unimplanted blastocyst is seen on 4-5 days. | 159,076 | medmcqa_train |
Which one of the following gram positive organism is most common cause of UTI among sexually active women- | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Staphylococcus saprophyticus Staph saprophyticus . Staph saprophyticus may be present on normal human skin and the periurethral area and can cause urinary tract infection, paicularly in sexually active young women. . Staph saprophyticus strains causing UTI are usually sensitive to most antibiotics, ex... | 159,077 | medmcqa_train |
The axillary sheath is an extension of this fascia around the subclan aery and brachial plexus. Fascia around nerve bundle of brachial plexus is derived from? | The brachial plexus and the subclan aery course between the anterior and middle scalene muscles, and as the nerve plexus and aery emerge from those muscles, they carry an extension of the preveebral fascia along to form the axillary sheath. | 159,078 | medmcqa_train |
Confounding factor is associated with:- | Confounding factor Any factor associated with both exposure, outcome and has an independent effect in causation of outcome is a confounder. BEST METHOD TO REMOVE CONFOUNDING:- MATCHING - Removes confounding bias by distributing known confounding factors equally in two groups RANDOMISATION(2ND BEST) RESTRICTION STRATIFI... | 159,079 | medmcqa_train |
% of offsprings affected by colour blindness, of a healthy male and heterozygous female: | b. 25%(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 642; Ghai 8/e p 641)Color blindness is an X-linked recessive disorder.In X-linked disorders, if father is normal and mother is a carrier, 50% of children will inherit defective X chromosome.Out of these, the daughters (having 1 normal and 1 defective X chromosome) will act as carriersWhile, ... | 159,080 | medmcqa_train |
Drug used for treatment of scorpian sting is - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Prazosin Treatment of scorpian sting o Treatment after scorpian sting has two components :? A. Local o It includes; negative pressure extractor, compression wrap proximal to site of sting, local anaesthetic, local antiseptic, tetanus prophylaxis. B. Systemic o It includes: Maintenance of airway and ci... | 159,081 | medmcqa_train |
In the right middle ear pathology, Weber&;s test will be | Weber test: In this test, a vibrating tuning fork is placed in the middle of the forehead or the veex and the patient is asked in which ear the sound is heard. Normally, it is heard equally in both ears. It is lateralized to the worse ear in conductive deafness and to the better ear in sensorineural deafness. In weber ... | 159,082 | medmcqa_train |
Lee Jones test is used for - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Cyanide Lee Jones testo Few crystals of ferrous sulfate is added to 5 ml of the gastric content,o To it, 5 drops of sodium hydroxide is added,o The mixture is boiled and cooled,o To it, 10 drops of 10% hydrochloric acid is added.o Greenish blue colour indicates cyanide and purplish colour indicates sa... | 159,083 | medmcqa_train |
Type 1 glomus cell secrete neurotransmitter because of oxygen sensitive | Type I glomus cells have O2 sensitive K+ channels, whose conductance is reduced in propoion to the degree of hypoxia to which they are exposed. This reduces the K+ efflux, depolarizing the cell and causing Ca2+ influx, primarily L-type Ca2+ channels. The Ca2+ influx triggers action potentials and transmitter release, w... | 159,084 | medmcqa_train |
Most common complication of meningitis in children is – | Complications of meningitis in children
Seizure is the commonest complication of meningitis in children.
It occurs in about 30% of patients.
Other common complications of meningitis.
Subdural empyema or effusions — It is commonly seen after meningitis with H. Influenza.
rain Abscesses
Neurological impairment → Hemip... | 159,085 | medmcqa_train |
A 66-year-old woman has a 5.5-cm infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm. What is the most common manifestation of such an aneurysm? | Most patients are unaware of their abdominal aneurysm until it is incidentally discovered by their physician. The importance of careful deep palpation of the abdomen cannot be overemphasized. On occasion, these aneurysms may expand, causing abdominal or back pain, and may even leak or rupture, mimicking other acute int... | 159,086 | medmcqa_train |
Amniotic fluid is maximum at what gestational age- | Ans-C i.e., 36 weeks o Amniotic fluid volume is related to gestational age. It measures 50 ml at 12 weeks, 400 ml at 20 weeks and reaches its peak of 1 litre at 36 - 38 weeks of gestation. Thereafter the amount diminishes, till at term it measures about 600 - 800 ml. As the pregnancy continues post-term, further reduct... | 159,087 | medmcqa_train |
The main apolipoprotein of LDL is | The major apolipoproteins of HDL (a-lipoprotein) are apoAs. The main apolipoprotein of LDL (b-lipoprotein) is apo B (B-100), which is found also in VLDL. Chylomicrons contain a truncated form of apo B (B-48) that is synthesized in the intestine, while B-100 is synthesized in the liver. Apo E, found in VLDL, HDL, chylom... | 159,088 | medmcqa_train |
Wolff-chaikoff effect is ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Reduced thyroxine synthesis by iodides Iodine and Iodides Iodine is the fastest acting thyroid inhibitor. Most impoant action is inhibition of hormone release (thyroid constipation); but all facets of thyroid synthesis may be affected. Excess iodide inhibits its own transpo in thyroid cells and may al... | 159,089 | medmcqa_train |
Cause of odema | Ref.robbins 8/e 112; 7/e 120- 121;9/e p114 Capillary blood contains a decreased quantity of colloids (protein-white circles) due to either decreased hepatic synthesis of these proteins or increased protein loss through the kidney or gastrointestinal tract. ... With decreased production of albumin the plasma colloidal o... | 159,090 | medmcqa_train |
Elemental iron and folic acid in adult IFA table is - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., 100 pg iron & 500 jag FA o Iron and Folic Acid content per I FA tablet# Adult tablet: 100 mg elemental iron and 500 meg folic acid.# Pediatric tablet: 20 mg elemental iron and 100 meg folic acid. | 159,091 | medmcqa_train |
Esotrotropia is most commonly associated with | Near vision impaired they try to compensate by increasing their accomodation Infants are hyperopic by 2.5 D they are esotropic at bih ref : ak khurana 7th ed | 159,092 | medmcqa_train |
A young man with pulmonary tuberculosis presents with massive recurrent hemoptysis. For angiographic treatment, which vascular structure should be evaluated first - | Massive Hemoptysis Hemoptysis of >200-600cc in 24 hours. Massive Hemoptysis should be considered as a medical emergency Treatment Large-volume, life threatening Hemoptysis generally require immediate intervention regardless of the cause The first step is to establish a patent airway usually by endotracheal intubation a... | 159,093 | medmcqa_train |
Characteristic problem in females taking Norethisterone is : | Ans. is a i.e. Irregular bleeding Nor-ethisterone acetate is commonly used as an injectable steroid - 'NET-EN' It is a progesterone based contraceptive like DMPA and its side effect are similar to those of DMPA. The most frequent side effect is irregular bleeding. NET-EN is given in doses of 200 mg at 2 monthly interva... | 159,094 | medmcqa_train |
Secondary Polycythemia may be seen in: | Answer is A (Cor pulmonale): Secondary polycythemia due to decreased tissue oxygenation may be seen in chronic corpulmonale. Polycythemia may also be seen in association with cyanotic congenital hea diseases. Physiologically Appropriate Polycythemia Physiologically inappropriate polycythemia (Secondary to decreased tis... | 159,095 | medmcqa_train |
Most definitive diagnosis of sinusitis is | Sinuscopy or Diagnostic nasal endoscopy is the most appropriate investigation.The classical feature is the presence of mucopus in the middle meatus or above the middle meatusA more appropriate investigation would be CT scan of the nose and PNS.Ref: Hazarika; 3rd ed; Pg 331 | 159,096 | medmcqa_train |
Intravenous regional anaesthesia is contraindicated in | As tourniquet application can precipitate sickling and hypoxia, IVRA is contraindicated in sickle cell anemia. | 159,097 | medmcqa_train |
Coverings of spermatic cord are all except ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Daos muscleThe spermatic cord consists of a tubular sheath extending from the deep inguinal ring to the upper pa of posterior border of testis. Constituents of spermatic cord are ?Ductus deferens (Vas deferens)Aeries :- Testicular aery, cremestric aery, aery to ductus deferens.Veins :- Pampiniform ple... | 159,098 | medmcqa_train |
BCG vaccine in HIV (+) newborn is: | Ans (a)BCG vaccine should not be given to infants and children with active HIV disease. Babies born to mother with AFB positive spectum should not be given BCG at birth, but only after a course of preventive chemotherapy. | 159,099 | medmcqa_train |
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