query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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The half-life of oxytocin is | OxytocinIn general, oxytocin should be discontinued if the number of contractions persists with a frequency of more than five in a 10-minute period or more than seven in a 15-minute period or with a persistent nonreassuring fetal hea rate pattern.When oxytocin is stopped, its concentration in plasma rapidly falls becau... | 17,800 | medmcqa_train |
2,3 DPG binds to_____ site of Hb and____ release of O2 | 2,3 DPG is a highly charged anion that binds to beta chain of deoxyHb. One mole of deoxyHb binds to one mole of 2,3 DPG. An increase in concentration shifts the reaction to right causing more O2 to be liberatedRef: Ganong&;s Review of medical physiology, 25th edition. page no.641 | 17,801 | medmcqa_train |
Schizophrenia with worst prognosis | Order of prognosis from good to bad, catatonic->paranoid->undifferentiated->hebephrenic->simple | 17,802 | medmcqa_train |
The adolescent shown presents with a 14-day history of multiple oval lesions over his back. The rash began with a single lesion over the lower abdomen (A); the other lesions developed over the next days (B). These lesions are slightly pruritic. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? | (b) Source: (Hay et al, p 397. Kliegman et al, p 2262. McMillan et al, pp 839-840. Rudolph et al, p 1262.) Pityriasis rosea is a benign condition that usually presents with a herald patch, a single round or oval lesion appearing anywhere on the body. Usually about 5 to 10 days after the appearance of the herald patch, ... | 17,803 | medmcqa_train |
Sicca syndrome is associated with all except ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Midline granuloma | 17,804 | medmcqa_train |
Which is a feature of filarial epididymo orchitis? | Ans: d (All of the above) Ref:S. Das, p. 459- Filarial epididymo orchitis is quite common and subacute in nature.- Usually affects the globus major of the epididymis.- Gradually testis is involved.- Secondary hydrocoele is not uncommon.Thberculous epididymitisCraggy epididymis leading to softening.Filarial epididymo-or... | 17,805 | medmcqa_train |
Because of circle of least diffusion, the distant vision is comparatively good in | At point D, the divergence of veical rays is exactly equal to the convergence of the horizontal rays from the axis. So here the section is a circle, which is called the circle of least diffusion. Mixed astigmatism: refers to a condition where in the light rays in one meridian are focused in front and in other meridian ... | 17,806 | medmcqa_train |
A 45 year old obese female from Mexico presents to her dermatologist. She noticed that her "hair is falling out." On questioning, she repos having followed a strict fat-free diet. Her alopecia is probably related to a deficiency of which of the following vitamins? | Vitamin A | 17,807 | medmcqa_train |
Not true about congenital PUJ obstruction is - | It was earlier believed that the aberrant renal vessels is responsible for causing the cong. PUJ obstruction Bailey writes that - "Aberrant vessels probably do not cause hydronephrosis, although a hydronephrotic renal pelvis may bulge between renal vessels."
Cambells Urology writes - "whether the aberrant vessel causes... | 17,808 | medmcqa_train |
Prolonged administration of testosterone in a man causes: | A i.e. Azoospermia Prolonged administration of testosterone in males causes azoospermiaQ. Testosterone & Male sterility - The fact that intratesticular levels of testosterone need to be greater than 100 folds higher than circulating levels of hormone to maintain normal rates of spermatogenesis; however, it is the circu... | 17,809 | medmcqa_train |
Which is not classical 4 A's of Schizophrenia | D i.e. Automatism | 17,810 | medmcqa_train |
One of the following statements about succinylcholine is true: | SCh is the shoest and fastest acting muscle relaxant. SCh is contra-indicated in patients with nerve or muscle disorders due to the risk of hyperkalemia. Sch also increases all the pressures in body like intraocular, intracranial, blood pressure, so has to be avoided in patients with such precipitating conditions. Ther... | 17,811 | medmcqa_train |
The following organism is motile with NO external flagella | (D) Spirochetes # Spirochetes: Elongated, motile, flexible bacteria twisted spirally along the long axis are termed 'spirochetes' (from Speira, meaning coil and chaite, meaning hair). They are structurally more complex than other bacteria. A characteristic feature is the presence of varying numbers of endoflagella, whi... | 17,812 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are characteritic features of treatment of iron deficiency anemia with oral iron supplements except | Refer Katzung 11/e p571 A normal individual without iron deficiency absorbs 5-10 percnt of iron In an iron deficienct individual about 50-100mg of iron can be incorporated into hemoglobin daily The reticulocyte count should begin to increase in two weeks | 17,813 | medmcqa_train |
Collagen most commonly contains which of the following amino acid: | Ans. a. Proline and hydroxyprolineAMINO ACIDS REQUIRED FOR SPECIAL PRODUCTSSpecial productAmino acid requiredCollagenGlycine +Proline+HydroxyprolineElastinGlycine+Alanine+Valine+ProlineCreatineGlycine+Arginine+MethioninePurineGlycine+Aspartate+Glutamine+SerinePyrimidineAspartate+GlutamineGlutathioneGlycine+Cysteine+Glu... | 17,814 | medmcqa_train |
Conduct disorder in a child manifests with -a) Disregard for right of othersb) Doesn't care for authorityc) Backward in studiesd) Decreased head circumferencee) Steals things | Conduct disorder is characterized by a persistent and significant pattern of conduct in which the basic rights of others are violated or rules of society are not followed (Doesn't care for authority). The characteristic clinical features are frequent lying, stealing or robbery, Physical violence (rape, assault, fire se... | 17,815 | medmcqa_train |
Chlamydia trachomatis infection causes the following except | (B) Rhinitis # Chlamydia trachomatis is one of three bacterial species in the genus Chlamydia, family Chlamydiaceae, class Chlamydiae, phylum Chlamydiae, domain Bacteria. C. trachomatis has only been found living inside the cells of humans, causing the following conditions:In MENIn WOMENIn BOTH SEXES* Prostatitis* Cerv... | 17,816 | medmcqa_train |
For doing CABG, Allen test is done to test which vessel | . Allen's test is done to find out the patency of radial and ulnar aeries.Both the aeries are compressed near the wrist and allowed to blanch completely in one minute (In the mean time patient closes and opens the first several times for fuher venous outflow).palm appears pale and white .One of the aeries is released a... | 17,817 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are features of down's syndrome, EXCEPT: | In Downs syndrome the level of AFP is low, PAAP-A is low, and B hCG is high. Characteristic features of Down's syndrome are: Upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthal folds, midface hypoplasia, and small, dysplastic pinnae. Generalized hypotonia. Cognitive disabilities Congenital hea disease, most oftenly endocardial c... | 17,818 | medmcqa_train |
All are true about pheochromocytoma except: | Only 10% are malignant. They are also called 10 % tumors because 10% are bilateral, 10% are extra adrenal, 10% occur in pediatric patients, 10% are familial. One "traditional" 10% rule that has now been modified peains to familial cases. It is now recognized that as many as 25% of individuals with pheochromocytomas and... | 17,819 | medmcqa_train |
ICDS was launched at- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Community development block o ICDS was launched on 2"d October 1975 in 33 Community development block. o ICDS programme is a globally recognized community based early child care programme, which addresses the basic interrelated needs of yound children, expectant and nursing mothers and adolescent girl... | 17,820 | medmcqa_train |
A 60-year old male presents to the clinic with complaints of abdominal pain, constipation oand loin pain radiating to the groin of over a week duration. He has a 25-pack year smoking history and is currently being evaluated for a hilar mass picked up on chest radiography. As pa of this work up, the serum calcium was fo... | Paraneoplastic syndromes are common in patients with lung cancer.Endocrine syndromes are seen in 12% of patients.Hypercalcemia resulting from ectopic production of parathyroid hormone(PTH),or more commonly,PTH related peptide,is the most life threatening metabolic complication of malignancy,primarily occuring with squa... | 17,821 | medmcqa_train |
A patient, Sunder is admitted to the emergency with severe bradycardia following drug overdose. The concerned drug was being taken for hypeension. When of the following cannot be the drug? | (Ref: KDT 6/e p547) It is a vasodilator and can result in reflex tachycardia. All other drugs listed in the question (clonidine, propanolol, reserpine) decrease the activity of sympathetic system and can result in bradycardia. | 17,822 | medmcqa_train |
Spalding sign is - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Overlapping of skull bones Radiological signs of 1UFDSignInterval (After Death)Robert sign (gas in great vessels)12 hSpalding sign (overlapping of skull bones)1 weekBlair-Hartley/ Ball sign (hyperflexion/ hyperextension of spine with overcrowding of ribs3-4 weeks | 17,823 | medmcqa_train |
Specific for albinism - | Ocular albinism is a genetic condition that primarily affects the eyes. This condition reduces the coloring (pigmentation) of the iris, which is the colored pa of the eye, and the retina, which is the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. Pigmentation in the eye is essential for normal vision. A common myth is... | 17,824 | medmcqa_train |
Angel dust denotes | Hallucinogens * ALSO CALLED AS Psychotomimetic/ Psychedelic * FIRST Man made HALLICINOGEN ==================== Albe Hoffman * MECHANISM OF ACTION Lysergic acid diethylamide=======serotonin * Introduced by Albe Hoffmann and he himself experienced its effects * Phencyclidine =======NMDA antagonist * Also known as angel d... | 17,825 | medmcqa_train |
MC type of carcinoma anal canal | MC type anal carcinoma is SCC > BCC. | 17,826 | medmcqa_train |
Beta blocker with a-blocker capacity is ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Labetelol Combined alpha & beta blockers o Carvedilol o Bucindolol o Nipradilol o Medroxalol o Labetalol o Bevantolol o Dilevalol | 17,827 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is used to assess disability in children | ICIDH - international classification of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps BINET AND SIMON SERVICE- They used series of tests to Development of intelligence tests and designed Binet -simon scale PQLI - Physical quality of Life Index It involves Life expectancy Literacy Rate Infant moality Rate Human Povey Index ( ... | 17,828 | medmcqa_train |
Percentage of a data can be depicted on a: September 2009 | Ans. A: Pie cha A pie cha/circle graph is a circular cha divided into sectors, illustrating propoion. In a pie cha, the arc length of each sector (and consequently its central angle and area), is propoional to the quantity it represents. It is named for its resemblance to a pie which has been sliced. | 17,829 | medmcqa_train |
A patient reported with a complaint of missing maxillary canine, a radiograph was taken, which is shown below. What seems to be the most probable reason for the canine to not erupt? | Most odontomas are detected during the first two decades of life, and the mean age at the time of diagnosis is 14 years. The majority of these lesions are completely asymptomatic, being discovered on a routine radiographic examination or when films are taken to determine the reason for failure of a tooth to erupt.
Key ... | 17,830 | medmcqa_train |
True regarding crohn\'s disease are A/E – | The skin involvement in Crohn's disease causes erythema nodosum, scleroderma does not occur in Crohn's disease.
Other extraintestinal manifestations of Crohn's disease:
Migratory polyarthritis ... | 17,831 | medmcqa_train |
Administration of pure O2 to hypoxic patients is dangerous because | The respiratory centres maybe depressed in hypercapnic patients. Breathing may only be occurring due to the activation of peripheral chemoreceptors sensitive to the hypoxia. When pure Oxygen is given to the patients, the stimulus to the peripheral receptors is gone and may result in apnoea. | 17,832 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following statements about Conus syndrome are true except | Bonus syndrome consist of bilateral saddle anesthesia(s3_s5),prominent bladder and bowel dysfunction and impotence Bulbocavernous(s2_s4)and anal reflex absent. Conus medullaris syndrome is a secondary form of spinal cord damage resulting from injuries to the lumber veebrae. The conus medullaris is the bundled, tapered ... | 17,833 | medmcqa_train |
Re-implantation time for lower limb is | Ischaemic time for digits is upto 8 hours ISchemic time for extremities Is 4-6 hours Organ containing bag should be placed in a solution of saline with ice Ref : Essential emergency trauma by kaushal Shah, Daniel Egan, Joshua quaas- 2010 Pgno :679 | 17,834 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are used in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis except:- | Glucocoicoids can cause osteoporosis on long term use. DRUGS FOR OSTEOPOROSIS DRUGS Inhibits resorption Stimulates formation Both actions Bisphosphonates Donesumab Cinacalcet Calcitonin Estrogen SERMs Gallium nitrate Teriparatide Calcium Calcitriol Fluoride Strontium renelate | 17,835 | medmcqa_train |
Fluoroscein dye study is done to detect - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Retinal vascular pathology Angiography for fundus examinationo Angiography is used for dynamic flow study of Iris, Retina or choroid. Following types of angiographies are used.Fluorescein Angiography Sodium fluorescein dye is used by injecting it into antecubital vein. It is primarily used for retinal... | 17,836 | medmcqa_train |
Virus that spreads by both hematogenous and neural route is: September 2007 | Ans. B: Polio virus Once established in the intestines, poliovirus can enter the blood stream and invade the central nervous system -spreading along nerve fibres. As it multiplies, the virus destroys nerve cells (motor neurons) which activate muscles. These nerve cells cannot be regenerated and the affected muscles no ... | 17,837 | medmcqa_train |
Torsade-de- pointes is caused by- | Torsades-de-pointes is a form of VT seen as a complication of prolonged ventricular repolarisation. It is seeen in hypomagnesemia. It is not seen in hypermagnesemia,metabolic acidosis,metabolic alkalosis Ref Harrison 20th ed pg 1436 | 17,838 | medmcqa_train |
In Polycythemia vera, all the following are seen except: | Answer is A (Thrombocytopenia) Polycythemia vera is associated with thrombocytosis and not thrombocytopenia Polycythemia vera is associated with thrombocytosis and not thrombocvtopenia Polycythemia Vera is an acquired myeloproliferative disorder that is characterised by overproduction of three hematopoitic cell linesQ ... | 17,839 | medmcqa_train |
A 35-year-old woman complains of slowly progressive dyspnea. Her history is otherwise negative, and there is no cough, sputum production, pleuritic chest pain, or thrombophlebitis. She has taken appetite suppressants at different times. Physical examination reveals jugular venous distention, a palpable right ventricula... | Although a difficult diagnosis to make, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is the most likely diagnosis in this young woman who has used appetite suppressants. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (also known as primary pulmonary hypertension) has been associated with fenfluramine-type appetite suppressants. The predomin... | 17,840 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the most common clinical manifestation of Rosai Dorfman disease? | Rosai Dorfman disease: Massive cervical lymphadenopathy, usually bilateral and painless, is the most common manifestation. It is generally a benign disorder in spite of its propensity to form large masses and to disseminate to both nodal and extranodal sites. | 17,841 | medmcqa_train |
True about peripheral nerve injury in upper limb | The radial nerve is very commonly damaged in the region of the radial (spiral) groove. The common causes of injury are: (i) intramuscular injections in the arm (triceps), (ii) sleeping in an armchair with the limb hanging by the side of the chair (Saturday night palsy), or even the pressure by a crutch (crutch paralysi... | 17,842 | medmcqa_train |
IVP of an old male 75 years is shown below- Diagnosis is | Ans. (a) Bladder cancer* The IVP cystogram shows a filling defect in left side of bladder.* It looks like a mass like filling defect in TCC bladder | 17,843 | medmcqa_train |
All are true about Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome except | Wiscott-Aldrich syndrome:X-linked diseaseSmall sized platelets with bleeding manifestations Infections, eczema, and lymphoreticular malignancyLow serum IgM; normal serum IgG and IgA; IgE is frequently increased(ref:Harrison's 18/e p2702; 17/e p384, 2060) | 17,844 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not used in methyl alcohol poisoning is - | Treatment for methyl alcohol poisoning includes : (i) Gastric lavage, (ii) Sodium bicarbonate, (iii) Ethanol (ethyl alcohol), (iv) Fomepizole (4 methylpyrazole), (v) Folic acid or folinic acid , and (vi) In severe cases hemodialysis. | 17,845 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is freely filtered by Kidney across glomerular capillaries: | C i.e. CreatinineElectrolytes such as sodium (Na+), water and small orgaic compounds like glucose, inulin and creatinine are freely filtered across glomerular capillaries (i.e. filterability =1).As the plasma volume is 3 liters and GFR is 180 L/day (7.5L/h or 125 mL/min) the entire plasma is filltered & processed about... | 17,846 | medmcqa_train |
Most common supratentorial tumor in children | M/c supratentorial tumor in children is craniopharyngioma. It is a suprasellar tumor.arising from embryonic rathkes pouch. | 17,847 | medmcqa_train |
Most common cause of Traveller's diarrhoea | Enterotoxigenic E. coil Most common cause of traveller's diarrhoae -f Enterotoxigenic E. coli Harrison states "The most- frequently identified pathogen causing traveller's diarrhoea is toxigeic Escherichia coll." Most common cause of traveller's diarhoea Toxigenic E.coli Most common cause of traveller's diarrhea in Cam... | 17,848 | medmcqa_train |
About t-RNA, TRUE is: | B i.e. Clover leaf pattern | 17,849 | medmcqa_train |
Local application of which of the following is of benefit in the management of psoriasis: | Salicylic acid enhances rate of loss of surface scale( keratolytic agent) and useful in psoriasis. Adapalene is a topical retinoid-like drug (third gen topical retinoid) used in mild to moderate acne. Benzyl benzoate is used for Rx of scabies. Nateglinide is used in type 2 DM in combination with metformin. | 17,850 | medmcqa_train |
Patients with organic hea disease in pregnancy most commonly die during | Maternal moality in Hea disease complicatin Pregnancy Maternal moality is lowest with rheumatic hea lesions and acyanotic group of hea diseases ie <1% With the elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance especially with cyanotic hea diseases the moality may be raised to 50%( Eisenmengers syndrome) Most of the deaths occ... | 17,851 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are causes of obesity except | Growth hormone deficiency causes obesity not growth harmone excess. | 17,852 | medmcqa_train |
The most common nerve involved in Volkamaun's ischaemic contracture of forearm includes - | Median nerve is the most commonly involved nerve in VIC.
Other nerve involved is ulnar nerve. | 17,853 | medmcqa_train |
Following are feature of catatonic schizophrenia, except: | D. i.e. Deep tendon reflexes are increased | 17,854 | medmcqa_train |
Anti-smoking drug is? | Ans. (d) VareniclineRef Harrison 17/e, chapter 390 | 17,855 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are commonly involved in disseminated gonococcal infection except: September 2006 | Ans. C: Brain Signs and symptoms of disseminated gonococcal infection (gonococcaemia) include: Joint or tendon pain with decreased mobility. The knee is the most common site of purulent gonococcal ahritis. Skin rash - this is a common complaint in about one quaer of patients with disseminated gonococcal infection. On e... | 17,856 | medmcqa_train |
Epithelial lining of urinary bladder ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., TransitionalUrothelium (transitional epithelium) is found in renal pelvis, calyces, ureter, urinary bladder, proximal pa of urethra. | 17,857 | medmcqa_train |
Wheal and flare reaction is: September 2005 | Ans. A: Type I hypersensitivity | 17,858 | medmcqa_train |
Follicular thyroid carcinoma is differenciated with follicular adenoma with | B. i.e. (Capsular invasion) (768 - 69- Basic pathology 8th)* The follicular thyroid carcinoma is impossible to distinguish from follicular adenomas on gross examination. This distinction requires extensive histologic sampling of the tumor-capsule- thyroid interface, to exclude capsule and or vascular invasion (768 - Ba... | 17,859 | medmcqa_train |
Volkmann's contractrue: | C i.e. Follows ischemia of forearm | 17,860 | medmcqa_train |
Carboxypeptidase contains which mineral ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Zinc Zinc containing enzymes are carboxypeptidase, carbonic anhydrase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, alcohol dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, RNA polymerase and superoxide dismutase. | 17,861 | medmcqa_train |
Earliest ANC diagnosis on USG is done for? | Ans. B. Anencephalya. The main sonographic feature of anencephaly is symmetric absence of the skull vault, and the cerebral hemispheres but relative preservation of brainstem and portion of midbrain.b. Although on ultrasonographically the diagnosis can be suspected by 12-13 weeks of gestation, it is more reliable by ar... | 17,862 | medmcqa_train |
For transplantation of hea in human being, which of the animal hea has been used | Pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus) are currently thought to be the best candidates for organ donation. The risk of cross-species disease transmission is decreased because of their increased phylogenetic distance from humans. They are readily available, their organs are anatomically comparable in size, and new infectious agen... | 17,863 | medmcqa_train |
Crusted scabies is caused by sarcoptis scabei Ivermectin is used to treat it. It acts by following neurotransmitter - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., GABA o Ivermectin acts through a special type of glutamate gated Cl- channel. Potentiation of GABAergic transmission has also been observed. | 17,864 | medmcqa_train |
True about group discussions is | Group discussion is an aggregation of people interacting in a face to face situation.It is a group approach.Considered an effective method of health communication.Limitations of group discussion are some members may dete from the subject and make discussion irrelevant or unprofitable.Park 23e pg: 835 | 17,865 | medmcqa_train |
What is average birth weight at 2 years? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Four times of birth weight AgeWeightBirth3 Kg5 months6 Kg (2 x birth weight)I year9 Kg (3 x birth weight)2 years12 kg (4 x birth weight)3 years15 kg (5 x birth weight)5 years18 kg (6 x birth weight)7 years21 kg (7 x birth weight)10 years30 kg (10 x birth weight) | 17,866 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following conditions is associated with overexpression of bcl-2? | bcl-2 inhibits apoptosis; a (14;18) translocation resulting in overexpression of the bcl-2 protein in B lymphocytes causes apoptosis of neoplastic cells to be permanently inhibited, producing follicular lymphoma. Follicular lymphoma involves the lymph nodes and bone marrow of older people and is characterized by slow, ... | 17,867 | medmcqa_train |
Veebral level of body of sternum is | Veebrae level of body of sternum is T5-T9. Ref - medscape.com | 17,868 | medmcqa_train |
Which is the most common mechanism of arrhythmia? | MC arrhythmia mechanism is re-entry. Re-entry Circulation of an activation wave around an inexcitable obstacle. It is d/t non-homogeneity in myocardial conduction and recovery propeies. The presence of a unidirectional block with slow conduction to allow for retrograde recovery of the blocked myocardium allows the form... | 17,869 | medmcqa_train |
A drug X is secreted through renal tubles,tubular secretion of this drug can be confirmed if renal cleraclea of drug X is | Ref-KDT 6/e p30 Atter filtration from glomerulus, a drug may undergo two processes (tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion) before going out from the body i.e renal clearance. Suppose 100 mg of a drug is filtered by glomerulus and the ren clearance is 150mg,it mean 50mg is coming from somewhere else, i.e. tubular s... | 17,870 | medmcqa_train |
Causative agent of Farmer's lung is: | Ans. (a) Themophilus actinomycetes(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 689; 8th/pg 687)In farmer's lung, inhalation of proteins, such as thermophilic actinomyces bacteria and fungal spores that are present in moldy bedding and feed, are most commonly responsible for the development of Hypersensitivity pneumonitis. | 17,871 | medmcqa_train |
Chest Radiograph and Abdominal CT scan of a middle aged male complaining of nagging abdominal pain for the past 2 weeks is given,what is the probable diagnosis? | Calcified Ring like shadow in the region of Liver on Chest Radiograph and the CT scan showing mural calcification is suggestive of Hydatid Cyst and is due to calcification of the Pericyst. | 17,872 | medmcqa_train |
True about gap junctions are all, except - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Intercellular space 1000 nm o Gap junctions are intercellular connections consist of a pair of hemichannels (connexons) inserted into the membrane of adjacent cells.o Each connexone is made of six identical protein subunits called connexins which enclose a central channel,o When the corresponding conn... | 17,873 | medmcqa_train |
Investigation of choice in whole-body imaging in metastasis is | Whole body diffusion weighted imaging along with anatomical images such as T1 and T2 can be very useful for the evaluation of malignant tumors/metastasis alternative to PET/CT.The disadvantage is that it is time-consuming investigation The basic principle of DWI is based on the Brownian motion of water molecules which ... | 17,874 | medmcqa_train |
Acute symptomatic sinus bradycardia usually responds to- | Sinus bradycardia: A regular but unusually slow hea beat (50 beats/minute or less at rest). Fainting can occur with sinus bradycardia if the hea slows down even more. This can occur, for example, when the vagus nerve sends a signal to the hea that suddenly drops the hea rate Ref Harrison 20th edition pg 1456 | 17,875 | medmcqa_train |
Accidental finding of incidentaloma (Adrenal mass) on USG is detected. Following is/are to be ruled out: | Ans is All Widespread use of imaging tests such as abdominal ultrasonography, CT, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is causing increased detections of incidental adrenal masses k/a adrenal incidentalomas . The below given table lists the most common histologic types of adrenal incidentalomas: Causes of adrenal incid... | 17,876 | medmcqa_train |
For open pneumothorax which of the following is of choice | "Open Pneumothorax is one in which full thickness segment of the chest wall has been destroyed and the negative intrapleural pressure sucks air directly through the chest wall defect rather than through the trachea into the alveoli. It occurs most commonly after shotgun blasts explosion with flying debris. The pt. is s... | 17,877 | medmcqa_train |
The bacterial drug resistance in tuberculosis results from | Refer Katzung 11/e p824 Resistance to INH occurs due to point mutation in inhA gene Resistance to Rifampicin occurs due to point mutation in rpoB gene Resistance to Ethambutol is due to mutation resulting in over expression of embB gene | 17,878 | medmcqa_train |
The most common retrobulbar orbital mass in adults - | Commonest benign orbital tumor among adults with female preponderance(70%) ,is located in the retrobulbar muscle cone Ref: ak khurana 6th edition | 17,879 | medmcqa_train |
Aspirin irreversibly inhibits the following enzyme in the formation of eicosanoids: | Ans. B. CyclooxygenaseCyclooxygenase is required for the synthesis of prostaglandins by arachidonic acid. Aspirin, indomethacin, brufen, phenyl butazone and other NSAIDS inhibits COX (Cyclooxygenase). Aspirin inhibits COX of both PGHS-1 and PGHS-2 by acetylation | 17,880 | medmcqa_train |
A child wakes up at night sweating and terrified does not remember the episode. Diagnosis ? | Sleep terrors/ Night Terrors individual gets up from sleep with a panicky scream and intense anxiety, body motility and autonomic hyperactivity. individual ahs limited recall of the event. Ref: synopsis of psychiatry, 11e, pg 539. | 17,881 | medmcqa_train |
Sirolimus is administered by which route? | Sirolimus is available only as an oral drug. Its half-life is about 60 hours, while that of everolimus is around 43 hours. Ref: Katzung 11th edition Chapter 61. | 17,882 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following is true about Mullerain Agenesis except : | A condition where the mullerian duct is not formed and hence its derivates like vagina,uterus and tubes are not made. Ovary is spared because it is formed from the genital ridge. Mayer Rokitansky Kuster Hauser (MRHK) syndrome Also k/a Mullerian agenesis Occurs in 1:5000-1:20,000 women Features include Primary amenorrho... | 17,883 | medmcqa_train |
Relative risk is represented by - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Incidence among exposed/incidence among nonexposed Relative risk (risk ratio)o Relative risk is the ratio of the incidence of the disease (or death) among exposed and the incidence among nonexposed.Incidence of disease amone exposedRR =----------------------------------------------------------------In... | 17,884 | medmcqa_train |
Function of thyroid hormones: | Ans: A (Inhibits beta myosin heavy chain) Ref: Pal GK, The Thyroid Gland, In: Textbook of Medical Physiology, 2nd ed, Ahuja Publishing House 2011: 46: 352-55Explanation:Physiological Actions of Thyroid HormoneBasal metabolism| rate of oxygen consumption| Na+ K+ ATPase activityThermogenic actionOn nervous systemProlifer... | 17,885 | medmcqa_train |
Von Hippel Landau Syndrome is associated with which type of renal neoplasm? | Ans: A (Renal clear cell carcinoma) Ref: Campbell Walsh Urology, 10th edition. 2011, Page 1426Explanation: (See table below)Site of origin:Proximal tubule-Conventional (clear cell) RCC and papillary RCCDistal tubule - OncocytomasCollecting duct - Chromophobic and collecting duct RCCCalyceal epithelium near renal papill... | 17,886 | medmcqa_train |
Tl-weighted axial gadolinium-enhanced MRI demonstrates an enhancing tumor of the right frontal lobe. The most likely diagnosis is | (D) Glioblastoma multiforme# On MRI, the tumors appear as ring-enhancing masses with central necrosis and surrounding edema.> Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM; malignant glioma) is the highest-grade form of astrocytoma and makes up about two thirds of all brain astrocytomas.> Prognosis for this tumor is at the extreme wors... | 17,887 | medmcqa_train |
"Window" of the limbic system through which it sees the external world is: | Amygdala has been called the "window" through which the limbic system sees the place of the person in the world because it receives neuronal signals from all poions of the limbic coex, as well as from the neocoex of the temporal, parietal, and occipital lobes, especially from the auditory and visual association areas. | 17,888 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not true of non depolarizing skeletal muscle relaxants? | Fasciculations are shown by depolarizing muscle relaxants. These agents do not cause hypothermia but their effect may be prolonged in hypothermia. KD Tripathi 8th ed. | 17,889 | medmcqa_train |
Nigro protocol is for which carcinoma | Nigro protocol or Nigro Regime for Anal Carcinoma (Norman Nigro, et al 1974): * Initial radiotherapy for 3 weeks 3000 rads (30 Gy total) to perineum and pelvis * Then chemotherapy--5 FU, for 4-5 days; is a radiosensitizer, staed on 1st day of as 1000 mg/m2 continuous infusion. Mitomycin C is 15 mg/m2 as single dose... | 17,890 | medmcqa_train |
Glycosaminoglycans located in CNS is | Proteoglycans linked to chondroitin sulfate by the Xyl-Ser O-glycosidic bond are prominent components of cailage. They are located at sites of calcification in endochondral bone and are a major component of cailage. They are found in high amounts in the ECM of the central nervous system and, in addition to their struct... | 17,891 | medmcqa_train |
Bullet which is left inside the body for long is referred to as ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Souvenir bullet Projectile is an object propelled by force of rapidly burning gases. In shotgun these are lead shots and pellets (recently steel is also used instead of lead) and in rifled weapons (pistal, rifle, revolver), these are bullets. Tip of the bullet is knwon as nose. Varieties of bullets ar... | 17,892 | medmcqa_train |
which pa of sperm helps in penetration of zona pellucida ? | Acrosome have acrosin enzyme which helps in penetration. Mitochondria is present in middle pa. | 17,893 | medmcqa_train |
In which of the following conditions parakeratosis most frequently occur? | Parakeratosis is defined as retention of keratinocyte nuclei within the horny layer cell layer. It can occur in condition with increased epidermal cell turnover or with inflammatory changes in epidermis. Dysplastic epithelial changes such as those occurring in actinic keratoses and Bowens disease are normally accompani... | 17,894 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following statement regarding normal microbial flora present on the skin and mucous membranes is true? | Normal microbial flora are more or less constant for each species and are broadly classified as residents and transients. Residents constitute a constant population which cannot be completely removed permanently, while transient organisms vary from time to time and are not permanent. Antimicrobials cannot remove the no... | 17,895 | medmcqa_train |
Forceps inside the abdomen postoperatively amounts to | Res ipsa loquitur (Latin for "the thing speaks for itself"): * Doctrine that infers negligence from the very nature of an accident or injury itself proves the negligent action of the physician in the absence of direct evidence. Res Judicata * Medical negligence case adjudicated by a cou and therefore may not be pursued... | 17,896 | medmcqa_train |
The crystalline lens derives its nourishment from - | The crystalline lens, being avascular structure is dependent for its metabolism on chemical exchanges with the aqueous humour. Some nutrition is also derived from the vitreous humour, but it is much less than that derived from aqueous humour. | 17,897 | medmcqa_train |
Epiglottitis in a 2-year-old child is diagnosed. Among the following options, most commonly Epiglottitis occurs due to infection with: | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Hemophilus influenza From the above given long list of references it must be evident, that this one was tough for us. is H. influenzae still the most common etiological agent of epiglottitis or has it receded back giving place to other agents such as Streptococcus? Harrison, 16/e and Nelson, 17/e, say... | 17,898 | medmcqa_train |
Q fever is caused by- | Ans. is 'b' i.e., C. burnetii DiseaseAgentInsect vectorMammalian reservoir1. Typhus group a. Epidemic typhusR. prowazekiiLouseHumansb. Murine typhus (Endemic typhus)R. typhiFleaRodentsc. Scrub typhusR. tsutsugamushiMiteRodents2. Spotted fever group a. Indian tick typhusR.conoriiTickRodents, dogsb. Rocky mountain spotte... | 17,899 | medmcqa_train |
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