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In a normal distribution curve, the True statement is | Ans. is 'd' Mean = Mode The standard normal curve is a smooth bell shaped, perfectly symmetrical curveThe total area of the curve is 1. *Its mean is zero*Its standard deviation is 1 *The mean, median and mode all coincide. * | 19,800 | medmcqa_train |
Treatment of chronic cholecystitis - | Elective Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the treatment of choice for chronic cholecystitis. Patients should be advised to avoid dietary fats and large meals while awaiting surgery. But diabetic patients with chronic cholecystitis should have a cholecystectomy promptly as they are at higher risk for acute cholecystitis ... | 19,801 | medmcqa_train |
Most abundant in bone | Hydroxyproline is catabolized more or less similar to proline. It is confer strength to fibrous proteins like collagen , elastin, keratin.etc.In vitamin C deficiency hydroxyproline synthesis is reduced , causing strength of fibers , leading to scurvy. The excretion of hydroxyproline in urine is increased in tumours inf... | 19,802 | medmcqa_train |
Which is not a peptide hormone? | Somatostatin is a polypeptide hormone. | 19,803 | medmcqa_train |
A 40-year-old man with Alport syndrome presents with a 3-month history of headaches. His blood pressure is 165/100 mm Hg. A urinalysis shows 3+ proteinuria and 2+ hematuria. Laboratory studies disclose elevated levels of BUN (48 mg/dL) and creatinine (3.6 mg/dL). This patient's renal disease is caused by mutation in a ... | Hereditary nephritis (Alport syndrome) reflects abnormal type IV collagen in the glomerular basement membrane. The syndrome is a proliferative and sclerosing glomerular disease, often accompanied by defects of the ear or the eyes, which is caused by a genetic abnormality in type IV collagen. Hematuria is present early ... | 19,804 | medmcqa_train |
In a patient who has diarrhoea and vomiting with inadequate water intake is suffering from- | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Extracellular dehydration with hyponatremia o Extracellular fluid consists of Interstitial (intercellular fluid) Circulating blood Intestinal fluids and secretions o Intracellular fluid consists of fluid present within the cells. o Loss of fluid in diarrhoea and vomiting comes from extracellular fluid... | 19,805 | medmcqa_train |
By definition, granulomas are composed of: | Granulomatous inflammation is characterized by the presence of granulomas, which by definition are aggregates of activated macrophages (epithelioid cells). | 19,806 | medmcqa_train |
A lady presents with complaints of dysnea. Pulse rate is 70/min while BP=110/70 mm Hg. On examination there is an early-diastolic murmur. CXR is given here. Diagnosis of the patient is? | The striking feature in this chest X-ray is the remarkably prominent main pulmonary aery segment (MPA), which appears to be dilated. This X-ray also shows a prominent right atrial contour, indicating right atrial dilatation as a consequence of pulmonary hypeension and right ventricular hyperophy. In view of prominent p... | 19,807 | medmcqa_train |
ranulomatous mastitis is caused by all except - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Staphylococcus Granulomatous mastitis Granulomatous inflammation is present in less than I% of all breast biopsy specimens. The causes include systemic granulomatous disease (e.g., Wegener granulomatosis or sarcoidosis) that occasionally involve the breast, and granulomatous infections caused by mycob... | 19,808 | medmcqa_train |
The investing layer of deep cervical fascia splits to enclose all of the following, except: | The investing layer of deep cervical fascia splits to enclose:
Muscles—trapezius and sternocleidomastoid.
Salivary glands— parotid and submandibular glands.
Spaces— suprasternal and supraclavicular spaces. | 19,809 | medmcqa_train |
Triangular facies is indicative of ________ | Triangular facies is indicative of Russell-Silver syndrome. Russell-Silver Syndrome: Clinical features: Sho stature, triangular face(small jaw and pointed chin), microcephaly, limb and facial symmetry, 5th finger clinodactyly A few cases are due to genomic imprinting disorder involving chromosome 11 Ref: Nelson textboo... | 19,810 | medmcqa_train |
IPC 321 deals with 0 | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Voluntarily causing hurt 3191 PC : Defines hurt,o 320IPC : Defines grievous hurt,o 321 IPC : Voluntarily causing hurt,o 322 IPC : Voluntarily causing grievous hurt.o 323 IPC : Punishment for voluntarily causing hurt {no provocation, no dangerous weapon) (1 years imprisonment),o 324 IPC : Punishment fo... | 19,811 | medmcqa_train |
After Giving an enzyme inhibitor,if Vmax decreases to 60% and Km is same as before. Which type of inhibition is this | Ref Rang and Dale 6th/18 . Km Vmax Competitive increases no change Noncompetitive Nochange Decreases . UnCompetitive. decreases. decreases | 19,812 | medmcqa_train |
Component of TOF include A/E - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., ASD | 19,813 | medmcqa_train |
Substance which binds to substrate other than catalytic enzyme is | Non-competitive inhibition models a system where the inhibitor and the substrate may both be bound to the enzyme at any given time. When both the substrate and the inhibitor are bound, the enzyme-substrate-inhibitor complex cannot form product and can only be conveed back to the enzyme-substrate complex or the enzyme-i... | 19,814 | medmcqa_train |
Tear drop sign is seen in : | Tear drop sign: Agenesis of corpus callosum. Banana sign: Compression or flattening of the posterior cerebellar surface. Lemon sign: Concave deformity of the frontal bones. Both above banana sign and lemon sign seen in USG in open spina bifida Anencephaly: Absence of calvarium. Spina bifida occulta: Veebral schisis cov... | 19,815 | medmcqa_train |
Subarachnoid block as anaesthesia is contraindicated in | Worried about epidural hematoma | 19,816 | medmcqa_train |
Amount of estrogen in low dose oral contraceptive pills: | Ans. is 'a' i.e. 30 micro grams Low dose - 30microgm Very low dose - 20microgram Standard dose 50 microgram When the pill first came out in the 1960s, it had 150 micrograms of estrogen. Side effects were common, and that formula was soon taken off the market. Nowadays, the highest dose available is 50 micrograms of est... | 19,817 | medmcqa_train |
The treatment of single lesion paucibacillary leprosy is | ROM Regimen is used in single lesion leprosy.For patients with single-lesion paucibacillary leprosy, the WHO recommends a single dose of rifampin (600 mg), ofloxacin (400 mg), and minocycline (100 mg). Multibacillary adults should be treated with 100 mg of dapsone plus 50 mg of clofazimine daily (unsupervised) and with... | 19,818 | medmcqa_train |
The immunity responsible for to control epidemic spread of a pathogen | Herd immunity-
Overall immunity of a community to a pathogen
If Herd immunity is good- chance of epidemic is less
Eradication of a communicable disease- depends on good Herd immunity
Provided by mass vaccination by live vaccination to all individual at same time. | 19,819 | medmcqa_train |
Vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) is excreted in urine in which of the following condition? | (C) Pheochromocytoma[?]ODOUR:oMisty/Mousy Odour of urine - PhenylketonuriaoFruity/Sweet odour - Presence of ketones.oPungent smell - Presence of bacterial / specimen contaminated with bacteria.oOdour of sweaty feet - Isovaleric acidemiaoMaple syrup - Maple syrup urine diseaseoFishy odour / Rancid butter - Hypermethioni... | 19,820 | medmcqa_train |
The following diagram is drawn to study: | SCATTER DIAGRAM
Also known as ‘Correlation diagram’ or ‘Dot diagram’.
Is used to depict ‘correlation (relationship) between 2 quantitative variables’.
‘Vertical axis in scatter diagram: should be the dependent or the outcome variable.
In a scatter diagram, 2 imaginary lines are drawn along the distribution of dots/sca... | 19,821 | medmcqa_train |
Replacing alanine by which amino acid, will increase UV absorbance of protein at 280 nm wavelength? | Aromatic side chains are responsible for the UV absorption of most proteins, which have absorption maxima between 275 nm and 285 nm Basically, this absorption of UV-light is because of conjugated double bonds present in the ring. Aromatic amino acids: Tryptophan Tyrosine Phenylalanine Absorption ismaximum for tryptopha... | 19,822 | medmcqa_train |
For exhumation, the order should be given by | Exhumation is to be carried out under the orders of the appropriate authority. District Magistrate/Sub-Divisional Magistrate/Executive Magistrate are empowered to order for the exhumation. Ref : Krishnan vij Textbook of Forensic medicine and Toxicology 5th edtion ; pg no - 28 | 19,823 | medmcqa_train |
Protein content of breast milk is - | Ref: Park 25th edition Pgno :566 | 19,824 | medmcqa_train |
A 40-year-old man presented with history of episodic palpitations and headaches. The patient was fine until 1 year back when the patient staed experiencing spells of rapid heabeat. These became more severe and were eventually accompanied by throbbing headaches and drenching sweats. Physical examination revealed a blood... | Episodic palpitations with throbbing headaches and profuse sweating with hypeension and tachycardia is pointing towards the clinical diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. MRI/ 18-F-DOPA findings are suggestive of pheochromocytoma. Rule of 10s for pheochromocytoma: - Ten percent of pheochromocytomas are extra-adrenal (occurrin... | 19,825 | medmcqa_train |
Sensory innervation of cornea is by nerve | The trigeminal nerve (V) - Three Divisions V1: Ophthalmic nerve V2: Maxillary nerve V3: Mandibular nerve Ophthalmic nerve division Ophthalmic nerve is sensory. Its branches are: Frontal nerve 1. Supratrochlear: upper eyelid, conjunctiva, lower pa of forehead. 2. Supraorbital: frontal air sinus, upper eyelid, forehead, ... | 19,826 | medmcqa_train |
Commonest functional tumor of pituitary gland is? | ANSWER: (D) ProlactinomaREF: Sabiston textbook of surgery, 18th ed, chapter 72Pituitary adenomas arise primarily from the anterior pituitary gland and are classified as either functional (secreting) or nonfunctional (non-secreting) tumors, with the former presentingearlier with symptoms caused by physiologic effects an... | 19,827 | medmcqa_train |
Most common gynaecological malignancy in affluent obese women is - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Endometrial o Most common gynaecological cancer in developed countries is endometrial cancer# Most common gynaecological cancer in developing countries like india is cervical cancer.Risk Factorso Estrogen replacement without concomitant progesterone carries a relative risl of 4.5 to 8 & persists for 1... | 19,828 | medmcqa_train |
In beta oxidation of fatty acids carnitine is required for - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Transport of long chain fatty acid to mitochondrial inner layer o Formation of acyl CoA (activated fatty acid) takes place in the cytosol,o Further degradation occurs in the mitochondrial matrix.o This creates a problem because the inner mitochondral membrane is impermeable to long chain acyl CoA (act... | 19,829 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following drug helps in delay in absorption of carbohydrates? | Ans. A. AcarboseAcarbose is alpha glucosidase inhibitor. It inhibits the breakdown of complex carbohydrates to simple carbohydrates and thus they decrease the absorption. | 19,830 | medmcqa_train |
Patient presenting with visual hallucination, tremors and rigidity | (A) Lewybody dementia# Signs and symptoms of Lewy Body Disease> Many of the symptoms of Lewy Body Disease bear a striking resemblance to Alzheimer's or Parkinson's.> However, a physician familiar with LBD will be alert to the following signs that the illness is in fact Lewy Body Disease:> Mental decline: reduced alertn... | 19,831 | medmcqa_train |
False statement regarding this condition: | Ans. d. Itching and scaling seenAlopecia AreataInitial lesion is a circumscribed, totally bald, smooth patchExclamation mark hairs seenHLA DR4, DR5, DQ3 associatedSpares grey white hairs leading to "Going white/Turning grey overnight phenomenon"No itching or scaling | 19,832 | medmcqa_train |
Contraindication for platelet transfusion are all except:- | Platelet transfusion is done in :- Thrombocytopenia Non functional Platelet Platelet is not given in thrombocytopenic condition where the cause of low platelet is due to presence of antibody against antigen on platelet. Such as:- Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenic (HIT) Immune Thrombocytopenic (ITP) In condition like TTP... | 19,833 | medmcqa_train |
Diagnose the condition in the given x -ray | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Monteggia fracture * This is the fracture of upper third of ulna with dislocation of the radial head. It is usually called "tracherous lesion" because the dislocation is often missed - monteggia fracture. | 19,834 | medmcqa_train |
A 37-year-old woman is suffering from carcinoma of the uterus(fundus area) . Cancer cells are likely to metastasize directly to which of the following lymph nodes?, | The superficial inguinal nodes receive lymph from the buttocks, labium majora, upper uterus and the lower pas of the vagina and anal canal. These nodes have efferent vessels that drain primarily into the external iliac and common iliac nodes and ultimately to the lumbar (aoic) nodes. The internal iliac nodes receive ly... | 19,835 | medmcqa_train |
Repetitive irresesistable thought to do something- | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Obsession Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)o OCD is an anxiety disorder which is characterized by recurrent, unwanted thoughts (Obsessions) and repettive behaviors (compulsions). o An obsession has following characteristic : -i) An idea, impulse or image which intrudes into the conscious awareness r... | 19,836 | medmcqa_train |
Neurotransmitter present in nigro-striatal pathway is: March 2012 | Ans: B i.e. Dopamine Neurotransmitters Cholinergic i.e.acetylcholine secreting neurons, are present in the pathway that emerges from cerebral coex to end in neostriatum Dopaminergic neurons,are present in the nigro-striatal pathway GABAergic fibres are present in pathway that connect cerebral coex to substantia nigra | 19,837 | medmcqa_train |
Increased velocity of conduction in a nerve is oured by | In unmyelinated fibers, electrical impulses (action potentials) travel as continuous waves, but, in myelinated fibers, they "hop" or propagate by saltatory conduction. ... Myelin decreases capacitance and increases electrical resistance across the axonal membrane (the axolemma) Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical ... | 19,838 | medmcqa_train |
The structural proteins are involved in maintaining the shape of a cell or in the formation of matrices in the body. The shape of these proteins is | Collagen is the most abundant of the fibrous proteins that constitute more than 25% of the protein mass in the human body. Other prominent fibrous proteins include keratin and myosin. These fibrous proteins represent a primary source of structural strength for cells (i.e., the cytoskeleton) and tissues.Ref: Harper 28th... | 19,839 | medmcqa_train |
AH the following drugs are to be avoided in hyperophic cardiomyopathy except | The primary goal of medications is to relieve symptoms such as chest pain, shoness of breath, and palpitations. Beta blockers are considered first-line agents, as they can slow down the hea rate and decrease the likelihood of ectopic beats. For people who cannot tolerate beta blockers, nondihydropyridine calcium channe... | 19,840 | medmcqa_train |
Delayed dentition is seen in ____________ | .Abnormalities in tooth eruption (timing and sequence) is often caused by genetics and may result in malocclusion. In severe cases, such as in Down syndrome,congenital hypothyroidism & rickets , the eruption may be delayed by several years and some teeth may never erupt Reference: GHAI Essential pediatrics, 8th | 19,841 | medmcqa_train |
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy is used In all except | Thyroid carcinoma are extra ordinarily resistant to chemotherapy Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is admistration of chemotherapy before surgery or radiation therapy whereas adjuvant chemotherapy is used after surgery or radiation Refer CMDT 2010-/667 | 19,842 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not true regarding competitive inhibition? | In competitive inhibition, since the inhibitor is structural analog of substrate, excess substrate can abolish the inhibition. | 19,843 | medmcqa_train |
A man found dead in suspicious situation. Injuries are seen all over the body. Antemoem injury is characterized by all, EXCEPT: | Difference between ante-moem and post-moem wounds: Trait Ante-moem wounds Post-moem wounds Edges The edges are swollen, eveed, retracted, and wound gapes. Edges do not gape, but are closely approximated. Haemorrhage Abundant and usually aerial. Slight or more and venous Spuing Signs of spuing of aerial blood on the bod... | 19,844 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following statements is/are true about ostium secundum ASD | Ostium secundum ASD characterized by wide fixed split second hea sound,ejection systolic murmur in pulmonary area,shunt murmur will be absent. ECG shows right axis detion & right ventricular hyperophy. Ref : Ghai essential of pediatrics, 8th edition, p.no:413 | 19,845 | medmcqa_train |
Indication for cryoprecipitate is | Medical uses for giving cryoprecipitate include: Haemophilia - Used for emergency back up when factor concentrates are not available. von Willebrand disease - Not currently recommended unless the last reserve. ddAVP is the first line, followed by factor concentrates. Hypofibrinogenaemia (low fibrinogen levels), as can ... | 19,846 | medmcqa_train |
A patient with bipolar disorder staed lithium therapy. The maximum therapeutic level of lithium in serum is: | Concentrations considered to be effective and acceptably safe are between 0.6 and 1.5 mEq/L. The range of 1.0-1.5 mEq/L is ored for treatment of acutely manic or hypomanic patients. Serum concentrations of Li+ have been found to follow a clear dose-effect relationship between 0.4 and 1.0 mEq/L, but with a corresponding... | 19,847 | medmcqa_train |
In cyclo-propagative transmission, the disease agent undergoes | Biological transmission of vector borne diseases: Cyclo-Propagative : The agent changes in both form and number, eg: Malaria parasite in mosquito Propagative : The agent merely multiplies in vector, but no change in form, eg: Plague bacilli in rat fleas Cyclo-Developmental : The disease agent undergoes only development... | 19,848 | medmcqa_train |
A 45 years old male patient a known case of Crohn's disease presents with recent flare-ups suggestive of fistulas. He was admitted and treated with immune-suppressive. Unfortunately, he got reactivation of his tuberculosis as a result of the side effects of the treatment. Which of the following immunosuppressive medica... | Answer: b) InfliximabTREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASEAminosalicylates* 5-aminosalicylic acid (formulations known as mesalamine): acts topically in the colon.* Sulfasalazine (5-ASA + sulphapyridine), olsalazine (5-ASA+5-ASA) and balsalazide (5-ASA+ amino benzoyl Alanine) are effective for the treatment of ulcerat... | 19,849 | medmcqa_train |
Gene of Wilsons disease is: | Gene Disease ATP 7Agene Menke disease ATP 7B gene Wilson's disease | 19,850 | medmcqa_train |
The professional antigen presenting cells are | Professional APC Express MHC class II molecules Dendritic cells Immature dendritic cells (Langerhans cells) Macrophages B cells Non - professional APC Do not express MHC class II molecules Stimulated by cytokines like IFN Fibroblasts Thymic epithelial cells Thyroid epithelial cells Glial cells Pancreatic beta cells End... | 19,851 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are seen in adrenal insufficiency except | Refer Harrison 19th/ p 2325 Adrenal insufficiency results in weight loss | 19,852 | medmcqa_train |
All the following are true about piedra except | White piedra is caused by Trichosporon beigelli | 19,853 | medmcqa_train |
Flash backs are seen with | A i.e. LSD Spontaneous recurrence of LSDQ, or sometimes cannabis use experience even during a withdrawl state is known as Flash back LSD intoxication causes bad tripsQ ie acute panic reaction in which the individual experiences a loss of control over his self. | 19,854 | medmcqa_train |
Infliximab is: | Infliximab: It is a chimeric monoclonal antibody which binds and neutralizes TNF-alpha dose- 3-5 mg/kg is infused i.v. every weeks. An acute reaction comprising of fever, chills, Uicaria, bronchospasm, rarely anaphylaxis may follow infusion. Susceptibility to respiratory infections is Increased and worsening of CHF has... | 19,855 | medmcqa_train |
Difference in Acne rosacea & Acne vulgaris | Erythema and papulo-pustule (papules and pustules) are seen both in Acne rosacea and Acne vulgaris Comedones are absent in Acne rosacea (a characteristic feature of Acne vulgaris) Ref Harrison 20th edtion pg 1213 | 19,856 | medmcqa_train |
In case of malpractice punishment is given by : | D i.e. High cou | 19,857 | medmcqa_train |
78 year old Wilson was undergoing TURP. The biopsy shows adenocarcinoma. What is your next line of management? | Man< 65 years have to undergo radical prostatectomy. | 19,858 | medmcqa_train |
All are indicators for air pollution , except ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., CO2 o Carbon dioxide is also an air pollutant, but it is not used as an air pollution indicator. o Park writes -- "It is not commonly regarded as an air pollutant although man generates enormous amount of it in combustion process using coal, oil and gas. Carbondioxide is a natural constituent of the a... | 19,859 | medmcqa_train |
Muscle pain after anaesthesia is caused by: | C i.e. Suxamethonium | 19,860 | medmcqa_train |
All are features of somatization disorder except: | D i.e. Professional patients | 19,861 | medmcqa_train |
Haemaochromatosis is defined as: March 2013 | Ans. D i.e. Syndrome caused by systemic iron overload Hemochromatosis It is the abnormal accumulation of iron in parenchymal organs, leading to organ toxicity. It is the most common autosomal recessive genetic disorder and The most common cause of severe iron overload. | 19,862 | medmcqa_train |
Most active form of Vitamin D - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 1, 25 dihydroxycholecalciferoi o Vitamin D is the major vitamin involved in the absorption of calcium.o Beside dietary intake, cutaneous synthesis is the other and more important source of vitamin D (cholecalciferol) in the body. The keratinocytes of stratum corneum of the epidermis of skin contain 7-... | 19,863 | medmcqa_train |
Muscle not paralysed in retrobulbar block- | *A retrobulbar block is a regional anaesthetic nerve block in the retrobulbar space, the area located behind the globe of the eye. Injection of local anaesthetic into this space constitutes the retrobulbar block. This injection provides akinesia of the extraocular muscles by blocking cranial nerves II,III, VI, thereby ... | 19,864 | medmcqa_train |
Unwinding of DNA is done by | In addition to binding to the nucleosome, the H1 protein binds to the "linker DNA" (approximately 20-80 nucleotides in length) region between nucleosomes, helping stabilize the zig-zagged 30 nm chromatin fiber Ref-Sathyanarayana 4/e p360 | 19,865 | medmcqa_train |
MEN 1 syndrome is associated with all EXCEPT | Medullary carcinoma of thyroid REF: Harrison's Internal Medicine 17th ed Chapter 345 Table 345-1, http://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/Multiple_endocrine_neoplasia Some people think that option (D) was Pheochromocytoma not Medullary carcinoma of thyroid. However Table 345-1 of Harrison enumerates Pheochromocytoma as a rare po... | 19,866 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is true regarding cretinism –a) Short limbs compared to trunkb) Proportionate shorteningc) Short limbs and short statured) Short limbs and long stature | "The child's growth is stunted and the extremities are short. The hands are broad and the fingers are short".
"The child appears short and stocky". | 19,867 | medmcqa_train |
Flaring of Anterior ends of ribs are seen in? | Rachitic Rosary is Flaring Of anterior ends of ribs at the costochondral junctions seen in Rickets. | 19,868 | medmcqa_train |
Thickness of cornea is best measured by: | Ans. Pachymeter | 19,869 | medmcqa_train |
Sun damage causes malignant transformation of skin by | The most significant cause of BCC and SCC is UV exposure whether through direct exposure to sunlight or by aificial UV light sources (tanning beds). Both UVA and UVB can induce DNA damage through free radical formation (UV A) or induction of pyrimidine dimers (UVB). The sun emits energy across the UV spectrum whereas t... | 19,870 | medmcqa_train |
Carbamazepine may be used in all except | C i.e. SchizophreniaCarbamazapine is drug of choice for: Carbamazepine is also used in:Trigeminal neuralgiaQ 1. MPDQ (especially in rapid cyclers)Complex paial seizureQ 2. Alcohol detoxificationQ- But in alcohol withdrawal preferred drugs are chlordiazepoxide > diazepam | 19,871 | medmcqa_train |
True about superior oblique origin and inseion? | Superior Oblique muscle: Origin : from body of sphenoid (superomedial to optic canal - opening in lesser wing of sphenoid ) Inseion - Sclera of the eyeball posterior to equator of eyeball Trochlea gives trochlear nerve supplying S.O.M Actions of S.O.M: depression, abduction & intorsion | 19,872 | medmcqa_train |
A 30 year old female presents to the dermatology OPD with complaints of asymptomatic yellowish papules around the vermilion border of upper lip. What is the cause of the above condition? | The condition is Fordyce's spots due to ectopic sebaceous glands found in about 25% of population above 35 years. Ref: Rook Textbook of Dermatology, 8th Edition, Page 42.86. | 19,873 | medmcqa_train |
Select the neurologic disorder not associated with antiphospholipid antibodies. | In Antiphospholipid Ab patient can develop antibody induced cerebritis. Antiphospholipid antibodies is a hypercoagulable state -patient will develop ischemic stroke not hemorrhagic. Demyelinating disease: Ab can be attacking myelin sheath & nerve get demylinating. Headache and seizures can also occur in pt. with antiph... | 19,874 | medmcqa_train |
A 20 year old male with history of fever and enlarged lymphnodes and sore throat, suspected to have infections mononucleosis and was ordered a Paul Bunnel test. What is the principle of the test: | Ans. (a) i.e. Heterophile agglutination test | 19,875 | medmcqa_train |
Treatment for fracture neck of femur in a 70 year old patient with avascular necrosis of head of femur? | THA (Total Hip Ahroplasty) is usually indicated for the patients with a femoral neck fracture who meet the following criteria: Poor general health or frailty. Pathological hip fracture. Severe osteoporosis. Inadequate closed reduction. Displaced fracture that is several days old. Pre-existing hip disease (eg, rheumatoi... | 19,876 | medmcqa_train |
A 30 year old male came with complains of unilateral blurred vision with floaters since 15 days. On examination, AC flare and cells were seen with 'headlight in fog' appearance on indirect ophthalmoscopy. Also, a single inflammatory focus of fluffy retinochoroiditis lesion is seen. What is the diagnosis ? | Answer- B. Toxoplasmosis chorioretinitisToxoplasmosis is caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular protozoan.Symptoms: Unilateral acute or subacute onset of floaters, blurring and photophobia.'Spill-over' anterior uveitis is common. It may be granulomatous or resemble Fuchs uveitis syndrome; elevated IOP m... | 19,877 | medmcqa_train |
The histological features of the coeliac disease include all of the following Except – | In celiac disease, the proximal intestine is commonly involved while in tropical sprue whole of the intestine is involved.
Biopsy of intestine in celiac sprue demonstrates.
Villous atrophy, loss of microvilli brush border
The crypts are hyperplastic and become elongated.
Presence of following cells on lamina propria → ... | 19,878 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following transmits 'Chagas' disease? | Reduviid bugs live exclusively on blood of animals including humans and transmit Trypanosoma cruzi which causes Chagas' disease. Chapter: Environment and health Ref: Park 21st edition, page: 720. | 19,879 | medmcqa_train |
Which inhibits gastric secretion ? | A i.e. Secretin Gastrin is a hormone which is produced by G-cells in the lateral wall of glands in the antral poion of gastric mucose. It is also found in pancreatic islets in fetal life, gastrinomas of pancreas, and pituitary glandQ, hypothalamus, medulla oblongata and in vagus & sciatic nerves. | 19,880 | medmcqa_train |
Squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus m/c site - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Middle 1/3rd o Esophageal Carcinoma is of two common histological types:-Squamous cell Ca - the MC type in worldAdenocarcinoma - where incidence is increasing at a rapid rate and is now the MC type in USA.o Distribution of Squamous Cell Ca.# Upper 1/3-10%# Middle 1/3-60%# Lower 1/3-30% o Adenocarcinom... | 19,881 | medmcqa_train |
Test for RNA:- | Nohern Blotting detects RNA. Nohern blot - RNA Southern blot- DNA Western blot- Proteins See treasure for details | 19,882 | medmcqa_train |
X-ray of which of the following would be most appropriate for determining bone age at 7 months? | Ans. a (Shoulder) (Ref OP Ghai 6th/p. 6; 7th/p. 4)Additional Educational Points:To determine the skeletal age in:# Radiograph of SHOULDER is most helpful = infant between 3 and 9 months.# A single film of hands and wrist = adequate in children between 1 and 13 years.# Film of elbow and hip = Between 12 and 14 years chi... | 19,883 | medmcqa_train |
A 27-year primigravida presents with pregnancy induced hypeension with blood pressure of 140/ 100 mm of Hg at 32 weeks of gestation. If there are no complications, the pregnancy should be best terminated at: | A diagnosis of gestational hypeension is made when (1) maternal blood pressure is elevated to >= 140 mm Hg systolic or >= 90 mm Hg diastolic on 2 occasions 6 hours apa in a previously normotensive woman >= 20 weeks' gestation, and (2) there is no evidence of proteinuria. For the patient with mild gestational hypeension... | 19,884 | medmcqa_train |
Most common cause of cervical neoplasia is | Human papilloma virus *Oncogenic DNA virus which are grouped into high and oncogenic risk HPVs*High oncogenic risk HPVs(HPV16 and 18) -main cause of cervical cancers and also vaginal, vulvar, penile, anal, tonsillar and oropharyngeal carcinomas.*Low oncogenic risk HPVs (HPV 6 and 11) - causes vulvar, perineal and peria... | 19,885 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is a contraindication to the use of Beta Blockers: | option A-beta blockers are used in glaucoma e.g betaxolol Option D: Propranolol used Option B: B- Blockers used in tachycardia Option C: Only MI having decrease in HR(Bradycardia) . B Blocker is C/I NTG is also C/I Metoprolol is also C/I DOC is ATROPINE For unrecordable pressures we given IV fluids | 19,886 | medmcqa_train |
The following teratogenic effect is seen with which of the following? | The picture shows thin upper lip, smooth philtrum and sho palpebral fissure - these 3 features are typical of fetal alcohol syndromeRef:CMDT 2010 pg 979 | 19,887 | medmcqa_train |
Osteomeatal complex connects: | (a) Nasal cavity with maxillary sinus(Ref. Cummings, 6th ed., 752)All the structures of the middle meatus together constitutes osteomeatal complex. The osteomeatal complex connects the nasal cavity with maxillary, frontal and anterior ethmoid sinuses.Spheno-ethmoidal recess connects Sphenoid sinus with nasal cavity.Nas... | 19,888 | medmcqa_train |
Least soluble anesthetic agent is | Blood-gas paition coefficient, also known as Ostwald coefficient for blood-gas, is a term used in pharmacology to describe the solubility of inhaled general anesthetics in blood. The coefficient is defined as the ratio of the concentration in blood to the concentration in gas that is in contact with that blood when the... | 19,889 | medmcqa_train |
True about carcinoma vulva | Ans. is a, b and c i.e. Spreads to superficial inguinal nodes: Spreads to iliac nodes: Seen after menopause; Viral predisposition; and Radiotherapy given Vulva) cancer : 2 - 4% of all malignancies of female genital tract. Age : occurs in 6" or 7" decade. Most common histologic type is epidermoid cancer (squamous cell C... | 19,890 | medmcqa_train |
Fetal hemoglobin has more affinity for oxygen than adult hemoglobin because ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Low affinity for 2,3 DPG Make it very clear in mind that higher affinity of fetal hemoglobin for oxygen is due to low affinity of HbF for 2,3DPG (not due to decreased 2, 3-DPG concentration). HbF does not combines to 2, 3-DPG as avidly as adult hemoglobin. | 19,891 | medmcqa_train |
Serum C3 is persistently low in the following except - | Blood findings: Complement levels in post-streptococcal GN: Transient reduction during the disease Return to normal in 6-8 weeks. Urinary findings: Oliguria Mild proteinuria Hematuria(smoky or cola colored urine) Red cell casts or dysmorphic red cells (red cells with cellular protrusions or fragmentation) Ref: RAM DAS ... | 19,892 | medmcqa_train |
Typical JVP finding in cardiac tamponade | Ref Harrison 19 th ed pg 1462 Cardiac tamponade is characterized by jugular venous diatenaiod ( increased JVP) with a prominent X descent but an ,absent Y descent. | 19,893 | medmcqa_train |
Classic triad of congenital rubella includes all except? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., RetinitisThe classic triad for congenital rubella syndrome is: Sensorineural deafness (58% of patients) Eye abnormalities -- especially retinopathy, cataract, and microphthalmia (43% of patients) Congenital heart disease -- especially pulmonary artery stenosis and patent ductus arteriosus (50% of pati... | 19,894 | medmcqa_train |
Most common cause of vaginal discharge in prepubeal girls is | A foreign body in the vagina is a common cause of vaginal discharge in young girls, which may appear purulent or bloody.Ref: Berek and Novak&;s Gynecology; 15th edition; Chapter 14 | 19,895 | medmcqa_train |
Least toxic organiophosphorus compound is: | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Malathion | 19,896 | medmcqa_train |
Satellite lesions in the cornea may be seen in | MYCOTIC CORNEAL ULCER Etiology : The fungi which may cause corneal infections are: i. Filamentous fungi e.g., Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Penicillium. ii. Yeasts e.g., Candida and Cryptococcus. Clinical features: Signs: A typical fungal corneal ulcer has following salient features 1) Corneal ulcer is dry-looking, greyi... | 19,897 | medmcqa_train |
All or none phenomenon is a feature of - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Action potential | 19,898 | medmcqa_train |
Number of bed recommended for community health center - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., 30 * Each community health centre covers a population of80000 to 1,20 Lakh.* It has 30 beds and specialist in Surgery, Medicine, Obstetrics & Gynaecology, and pediatrics with x-ray and laboratory facilities.* For strengthening preventive and promotive aspects of health care, new non-medical (not medic... | 19,899 | medmcqa_train |
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