query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
value |
|---|---|---|---|
This ahropod transmits | Image shows - Sandfly . transmits Leishmaniasis Trypanosoma brucei: tse tse fly Trypanosoma cruzi: reduviid bugs (Triatomine). Plasmodium vivax: female anopheles | 19,900 | medmcqa_train |
Locate the renal stone with pain radiating to medial side of thigh and perineum due to slipping of stone in males ? | Ans is 'a' ie at pelvic brim The clinician is able to judge the position of the stone by the history of pain - Position of stone Site of Pain * At PUJ or upper ureter Pain radiates to the testicles * At middle of the ureter (ie at crossing of gonadal vessels and ureter) Pain is referred to Mc Burneys point on the right... | 19,901 | medmcqa_train |
PGE causes worsening in infant with ? | In patient with Pulmonary stenosis without VSD , PGE cause worsening. Ref : Ghai essential of pediatrics, eighth edition, p.no:433 | 19,902 | medmcqa_train |
Angular conjunctivitis is caused by - | Moraxella axenfeld (moraxella lacunata) is the most common causative organism for angular conjunctivitis. Ref: Parson's 21st/e p.168 | 19,903 | medmcqa_train |
Most impoant factor determining convergence of light rays on retina is - | The cornea is the most imponat refractive surface of the eye with a refractive index of 1.376. The reason for msximum refraction lies in the fact that when light travel from one refractive medium to other. In eye, there are three such refracting interfaces:- i)Air, ii)Aqueous iii) lens Reference : Optics of human eye 4... | 19,904 | medmcqa_train |
Steriliation of culture media containing serum is by- | Ans. is `b' i.e., Micropore filter Sterilization of culture media The constituents of culture media must be carefully sterilized. Two methods are commonly used to sterilize culture media ? I )Autoclaving - Constituents like water, salts and supplements like peptone, ttyptose etc., which are heat stable, are autoclaved.... | 19,905 | medmcqa_train |
What is the angle subtended on each letter of the snellen's cha? | Visual acuity test-types consist of a series of letters arranged in lines, each diminishing in size. The breadth of the lines of which the letters are composed is such that the edges will subtend an angle of 1 minute at the nodal point of the eye at a paicular distance. Each letter is shaped such that it can be placed ... | 19,906 | medmcqa_train |
Not true regarding fresh frozen plasma - | Fresh frozen plasma contains components of the coagulation, fibrinolytic and complement systems and other proteins.
FFP can be given without blood type-matched although agglutination reactions are possible, though very rare.
There is no mention of the time period within which FFP should be given after trauma.
The risks... | 19,907 | medmcqa_train |
A 36-year-old woman presents with a 6-month history of progressive generalized itching, weight loss, fatigue, and yellow sclerae. She denies use of oral contraceptives or any other medication. Physical examination reveals mild jaundice and steatorrhea. Blood studies show a high cholesterol level of 350 mg/dL, elevated ... | Primary biliary cirrhosis (nonsuppurative destructive cholangitis) is caused by chronic destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts in the portal tracts. Primary biliary cirrhosis evolves through ductal lesions, scarring, and eventually cirrhosis. Early PBC features chronic destructive cholangitis affecting intrahepatic sma... | 19,908 | medmcqa_train |
Testis is involved but epidydimis is spared in? | ANSWER: (A) SyphilisREF: Bailey and Love 24th ed p- 1411"Orchitis without epididymitis is seen in syphilis"CAUSES OF EPIDYDIMITIS:Chlamydia trachomatisNeisseria gonorrhoeaeE. coliUreaplasmaMycobacteriumCytomegalovirusCryptococcus | 19,909 | medmcqa_train |
A lesion of the optic radiation involving the Meyer's loop causes which of the following type of visual field defect? | Lesion of the optic radiation produces congruous homonymous hemianopia. Lesion of Meyer's loop present in the temporal lobe produces superior quadrantanopia (pie in the sky). Lesion affecting the optic radiations in the parietal lobe produces inferior quadrantanopia. In lesions of the optic radiations visual acuity rem... | 19,910 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are true about mitochondria except | "Over a billion years ago, aerobic bacteria were engulfed by eukaryotic cells and evolved into mitochondria, providing the eukaryotic cells with the ability to form the energy-rich compound ATP by oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondria perform other functions, including a role in the regulation of apoptosis (programme... | 19,911 | medmcqa_train |
Double blind study means: | Blinding:
Blinding can be done in three ways:
(a) Single blind trial: The trial is to planned that the participant is not aware whether he belongs to the study group or control group.
(b) Double blind trial: The trial is to planned that neither the investigator nor the participant is aware of the group allocation and ... | 19,912 | medmcqa_train |
Glial fibrillary proteins are present in | Glial fibrillary acidic protein is a protein that is encoded by the GFAP gene in humans. Glial fibrillary acidic protein is an intermediate filament protein that is expressed by numerous cell types of the central nervous system including astrocytes and ependymal cells during development This is present in astrocytoma R... | 19,913 | medmcqa_train |
Hyperinflation of lung in CXR is seen in? | B i.e. Congenital lobar emphysema Hyperansradiant (Radiolucent) lung on CXR is seen in EmphysemaQ - Pulmonary embolism - Pneumothorax - Polland's syndrome - Patient rotation - Macleod syndrome | 19,914 | medmcqa_train |
True about branchial cyst; is all except | BRANCHIAL CLEFT REMNANTS :
• Branchial cleft remnants typically present as a lateral neck mass on a toddler.
• Structures of the head and neck are derived from 6 pairs of branchial arches, their intervening clefts and pouches.
• Congenital cysts, sinuses, or fistulas result from failure of these structures to regress, ... | 19,915 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are major criteria in the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever , except | Ref Harrison 19 th ed pg 2152 Table :381-2 Major manifestations Carditis Polyahritis Chorea Erythema marginatum Subcutaneous nodules | 19,916 | medmcqa_train |
A patient with following skin lesions is seen in a disease, which has ________ inheritance. | Lesions are multiple cutaneous neurofibromas. Neurofibromatosis is an autosomal dominant disease. It is associated with Cafe-au-lait spots as well. | 19,917 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is arboviral infection - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the aboveFamilyGenusSpeciesTogoviridaeAlphaviruses (group A)Chikungunya, SindbisFlaviriridaeFlavivirus (group B)Japanese encephalitis, West niley yellow fever, Dengue, Kyasanur forest diseaseBunyaviridaeBunyavirusCalifornia encephalitisPhlebovirusSandfly fever, Rift valley fever.NairovirusGanja... | 19,918 | medmcqa_train |
The diagnosis of a patient presenting with Seizures, Mental retardation and Sebaceous adenoma is: | Answer is B (Tuberous Sclerosis): Neurological features of seizures and mental retardation together with cutaneous manifestations in the form of sebaceous adenomas are characteristic of the neurocutaneous syndrome of Tuberous sclerosis. | 19,919 | medmcqa_train |
All are true about Gardner's syndrome EXCEPT? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Always in 5th decade of life | 19,920 | medmcqa_train |
Bih is defined as | Bih: The complete expulsion or extraction from the mother of a fetus after 20 weeks gestation. In the absence of accurate dating criteria, fetuses weighing < 500 g are usually not considered as bihs but rather are termed abouses for purposes of vital statistics(Ref: William's Obstetrics; 25th edition) | 19,921 | medmcqa_train |
Blood pressure in the dead (i.e., when hea is not beating) is: | Beating of the hea causes the pressure in the aeries and aerioles, which allows the blood to flow through the tissues, in spite of the tissue pressure surrounding the vessels. When hea stops beating, the pressure in the vessels will equilibrate with the tissue pressure - about 6-7 mm Hg. | 19,922 | medmcqa_train |
Drug of choice in Pregnant women with Secondary Syphilis : | ANSWER: (B) Benzathine PenicillinREF: Danforth's Obstetrics and Gynecology, 10th Edition page 613 Alcamos Fundamentals of Microbiology by Jeffrey C. Pommerville page 408, Blueprints Obstetrics and Gynecology By Tamara L. Callahan, Aaron B. Caughey page 175"Syphilis is a serious problem in pregnant women because spiroch... | 19,923 | medmcqa_train |
All the following receptors belong to the steroid receptor superfamily, EXCEPT: | Adrenergic receptors (epinephrine and norepinephrine) are membrane bound G-protein coupled receptors and does not belong to steroid receptors. Adrenaline binds to cell membrane receptors alter intracellular cAMP concentration, alter protein kinase A and regulate cell function. Ref: Essentials of Medical Pharmacology By... | 19,924 | medmcqa_train |
Dip at 4000hz in pure Tone audiometry indicates:- | 2000Hz / Carha's Notch: seen in otosclerosis (CHL)4000Hz Dip/boiler's notch :seen in noise induced hearing loss (SNHL)Both are seen in bone conduction. | 19,925 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is responsible for respiratory burst and production of superoxide ions- | Ans. is 'D' i.e., NADPH oxidase o The final step in the microbial killing is due to reactive oxygen species called as respiratory burst. o Phagocytes require an enzyme to produce reactive oxygen species to destroy bacteria after they ingest the bacteria in a process called phagocytosis. o ROS are produced by the rapid ... | 19,926 | medmcqa_train |
Health education ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Health promotion Health education Health education is the profession of educating people about health. D It is the principal by which individuals and groups of people learn to behave in a manner conducive to - i) Promotion of health ii) Maintenance of health iii) Restoration of health WHO definition o... | 19,927 | medmcqa_train |
Para amino benzoic acid of breast milk prevent the infection of- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Plasmodium vivax | 19,928 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not a indoor air pollutant? | Major air pollutants from indoor sources include carbon monoxide, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, sulphur oxides, arsenic and fluoride and radon. Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 25th edition, Page No. 796 | 19,929 | medmcqa_train |
The site where myosin heads to action in skeletal muscles are covered by | In resting muscle, troponin I is bound to actin and tropomyosin covers the site where myosin head interacts with actin. Ref: Ganong&;s Review of medical physiology;25th edition; pg: 104. | 19,930 | medmcqa_train |
A 13 years old child presents with a 3-year history of gradual swelling of the maxilla with medial displacement of turbinates with mild proptosis. What is the most likely diagnosis: | Ans. D Fibrous dysplasia Ref- Image - Clinical Features Patients with small, monostotic lesions may be asymptomatic, with the osseous abnormality identified incidentally on radiologic studies obtained for unrelated reasons. However, bone pain, swelling, and tenderness are common presentations in symptomatic patients. E... | 19,931 | medmcqa_train |
Ritgen maneuver is done in: | Ritgen (Ritzen) maneuver is done for delivery of head in normal labour to allow controlled delivery of the head. When the head distends the vulva and perineum enough to open the vaginal introitus to a diameter of 5 cm of more, a towel-draped, gloved hand may be used to exert forward pressure on the chin of the fetus th... | 19,932 | medmcqa_train |
A 32-year-old high altitude mountaineer is observed to have a hematocrit of 70 percent. Which of the following represents the most likely cause/explanation | At high altitude, there can be acute changes and changes due to acclimatization.
Acute mountain sickness
Dyspnoea, dizziness, tiredness, tachycardia, palpitation, nausea, vomiting etc.
At higher altitudes- pulmonary oedema and cerebral oedema may occur.
Acclimatization changes
Hyperventilation leading to respirato... | 19,933 | medmcqa_train |
A fifty-year-old man presents to his practitioner complaining that he often feels as if the room is spinning when he gets up from a recumbent position or turns his head. He has not lost consciousness and has had no chest pain. He has no cardiac history and a recent treadmill test showed no abnormalities. On examination... | Benign paroxysmal positional veigo (BPPV) is veigo that is precipitated by head position. It can be precipitated by trauma, but often no precipitating factor is identified. It generally abates after weeks to months. On exam, patients display nystagmus and the symptoms can be reproduced by head movement. In addition, th... | 19,934 | medmcqa_train |
NOT a definitive sign of pregnancy: | Amenorrhea can be due to many reasons including pregnancy but also PCOS, Tuberculosis, Hypothalamic causes like Kallman's & Sheehan's syndrome , Pseudocyesis etc Remaining 3 are the definite signs of Pregnancy | 19,935 | medmcqa_train |
HbA1c reduction is maximum with use of | Mechanism of ActionExamplesHbA Reduction (%)Agent-Specific AdvantagesAgent-Specific DisadvantagesContraindicationsOralBiguanides|Hepatic glucose productionMetformin1-2Weight neutral, do not cause hypoglycemia, inexpensive, extensive experience, |CV eventsDiarrhea, nausea, lactic acidosisSerum creatinine> 15 mg/dL (men)... | 19,936 | medmcqa_train |
Posterior w all of axilla is formed by - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Subscapularis Axilla (armpit)o The axilla is a pyramidal space situated between the upper part of the arm and the chest wall. It resembles a four sided pyramid, and has following : (i) an apex (ii) a base (iii) four walls (anterior, posterior, medial and lateral).Anterior (pectoral) wall Formed by (i)... | 19,937 | medmcqa_train |
Macrophages are found in: | Ans. is 'c' i.e. late phase of inflammation Neutrophils predominate in the early phase of inflammation (the phase occuring within 24 hrs) whereas macrophages enter the area in late phase of inflammation ie. after 24-48 hrs. Neutrophils remain predominant cells for upto 72 hrs, after which the macrophages take over as p... | 19,938 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are true about obstructive sleep apnea syndrome except: | Ans. a. Females affected more than males | 19,939 | medmcqa_train |
Superior relationship of omental foramen is | Omental foramen(epiploic foramen, foramen of Winslow ) has following border: anterior: the free border of the lesser omentum, known as the hepatoduodenal ligament. This has two layers and within these layers are the common bile duct, hepatic aery, and hepatic poal vein. posterior: the peritoneum covering the inferior v... | 19,940 | medmcqa_train |
Proto-Oncogene associated with Familial Medullary thyroid carcinoma is | Proto-OncogeneAssociated tumorKRASColon, lung, and pancreatic tumorsBRAFMelanomas, leukemias, colon carcinoma, othersRETMultiple endocrine neoplasia 2A and B, Familial medullary thyroid carcinomasKITGastrointestinal stromal tumors, seminomas, leukemiasRef: Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease; 9th edition; Ch... | 19,941 | medmcqa_train |
Milk teeth total number in human being | Milk teeth: Dental formula in children is 2,1,0,2. That is in one half of each jaw 2 incisors 1 canine 0 premolars 2 molars As there are 4 half's , 5x4= 20. There are 20 milk teeth. Ref : Ghai ,9th edition, chapter 2 | 19,942 | medmcqa_train |
Wliich of the following is needed for conversion of norepinephrine to epinephrine: | Ans. (c) PENMTRef.:KDT 6th ed. /116* PENMT is Phenylethanolamine N- methyl transferase and is found in the cytosol of only cells of adrenal medullary cells.* PNMT uses S- adenosylmethionine (SAMe) as a cofactor to donate the methyl group to norepinephrine, creating epinephrine.* Epinephrine is synthesized in the medull... | 19,943 | medmcqa_train |
Common ocular manifestation in Trisomy 13 is – | Cleft lip, cleft palate, scalp defects suggest Trisomy 13 or patau syndrome.
Trisomy 13 and Trisomy 18 share several clinical features.
The highest discriminatory values are for ectodermal scalp defects and harelip and cleft palate in trisomy 13 and elongated skull and simple arches on all digits for trisomy 18.
Tris... | 19,944 | medmcqa_train |
A 54 year old man presents to a physician with headaches. A complete blood count demonstrates a hematocrit of 62%. The peripheral smear showed normocellular erythrocytes, with increased reticulocytes and nucleated red cells. Bone marrow biopsy demonstrates increased numbers of erythrocytic precursors. Cancer of which o... | The hematologic finding is erythrocytosis, which can be caused by abnormal erythropoietin secretion by renal cell carcinoma (i.e., a paraneoplastic syndrome). Absolute erythrocytosis also occurs in a number of other conditions, such as hypoxia, other types of renal disease, some tumors (e.g., hepatocellular carcinoma, ... | 19,945 | medmcqa_train |
All are associated with decreased sense of smell except? | Gullain barre syndrome does not present with anosmia Non-motor symptoms of Parkinsonism are constipation, anosmia, and REM behavior sleep disorder. Kallmann syndrome presents with anosmia due to olfactory bulb agenesis/ hypoplasia. HIV infection can also affect olfactory bulbs leading to anosmia | 19,946 | medmcqa_train |
Ohopnea is hea failure develops due to | When a normal individual lies down, the pulmonary blood volume increases by up to 400 mL When the person stands up this blood is discharged into the general circulation. This shift is the cause of the decrease in vital capacity in the supine position and is responsible for the occurrence of ohopnea in hea failure. Ref:... | 19,947 | medmcqa_train |
Most impoant feature to diagnose severe pneumonia? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Chest indrawing The only sign for severe pneumonia is chest indrawing | 19,948 | medmcqa_train |
The best cosmetic results for large capillary (po wine) hemangiomas are achieved by | .Po wine stain (Naevus flammeus): It presents at bih and persists throughout life without any change. Spontaneous regression will not occur. It presents as smooth, flat, reddish blue/intensely purple area; common in head, neck and face; often with maxillary and mandibular dermatomes of 5th cranial nerve. Eventually sur... | 19,949 | medmcqa_train |
In the base of the skull, which of the following foramen is most anteriorly placed? | The foramina in base of skull, in an order from anterior to posterior
Foramen ovale.
Canaliculus innominatus (sometimes)
Foramen spinosum.
Carotid canal.
Jugular foramen.
Stylomastoid foramen.
Sometimes, emissary sphenoidal foramen or foramen of Vesalius is situated between foramen ovale and scaphoid fossa in base of... | 19,950 | medmcqa_train |
Long compression is used for which fracture ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Calcaneum Bulk foot compression dressing is given to treat inoperable calcaneal fractures. | 19,951 | medmcqa_train |
Most common form of diaphragmatic hernia is: | The most common variant of a congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a posterolateral defect, also known as a Bochdalek's hernia. Ref: Schwaz's principle of surgery 9th edition, chapter 39. | 19,952 | medmcqa_train |
How is moderate malnutrition defined? | A score of <-2SD to > -3SD score indicates moderate malnutrition. The WHO classification of malnutrition: A score of <-2 to > -3SD indicated moderate malnutrition A score of <- 3SD indicates severe malnutrition A score of +2 to +3 SD indicated overweight A score of > +3 indicates obesity The indicators of undernutritio... | 19,953 | medmcqa_train |
which anti epileptic on long term use causes PSEUDOLYMPHOMA ? | anti epileptic drugs causing pseudolymphoma phenytoin (m/c) > phenobarbitone primidone ref : kd tripathi 8th ed | 19,954 | medmcqa_train |
Artery involved in 3rd cranial nerve lesion? | Ans. (b) Posterior communicatingRef: Harrison 18/e, chapter 275, Principles and practice of emergency neurology Sid M shah and Kevin M Kelly Textbook of ophthalmology vol. 1 by sunitaagarwal | 19,955 | medmcqa_train |
Henoch Schoenlein Purpura is characterized by following except: | Ans D. Thrombocytopenia. (Ref. H - 17th / pg. 2128)# Purpura in 'Henoch Scholein purpura' is due to vasculitis and not thrombocytopenia.HENOCH-SCHONLEIN PURPURA (anaphylactoid purpura)Definition:# It is a small vessel vasculitis, is a distinct systemic vasculitis syndrome characterized by:- palpable purpura, arthralgia... | 19,956 | medmcqa_train |
Perforin ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Cytotoxic T cell Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte-Mediated Apoptosis Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) recognize foreign antigens presented on the surface of infected host cells. Upon activation, CTLs secrete perforin, a transmembrane pore-forming molecule, which promotes entry of the CTL granule serine proteases ... | 19,957 | medmcqa_train |
Ultra structurally , endothelial cells contain | ref Robbins 9/e p76 Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs) are the storage granules of endothelial cells, the cells that form the inner lining of the blood vessels and hea. They store and release two principal molecules, von Willebrand factor and P-selectin, and thus play a dual role in hemostasis and inflammation. | 19,958 | medmcqa_train |
Mallory hyaline changes seen in all except? | Mallory Hyaline changes- globular red hyaline material visualized within hepatocytes in: Intestinal bypass Wilson's disease Biliary cirrhosis Indian childhood cirrhosis Cholestatic jaundice Focal nodular hyperplasia Hepatocellular carcinoma N.A.S.H | 19,959 | medmcqa_train |
Meralgia paraesthetica is ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh The neuropathy affecting the lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh is called meralgia paraesthetica. Cheralgia paraesthetica is a neuropathy of the hand - superficial branch of the radial nerve. The area affected includes: 1) Base of thumb, near the anatomical snuffbox 2) B... | 19,960 | medmcqa_train |
The following can be used to antagonise the action of heparin in case of overdose | HEPARIN ANTAGONIST Protamine sulfate Given i.v. it neutralises heparin weight for weight, i.e. 1 mg is needed for every 100 U of heparin. For the treatment of heparin induced bleeding, due consideration must be given to the amount of heparin that may have been degraded by the patient's body in the mean time. However, i... | 19,961 | medmcqa_train |
A 11 month old child presents with complaints of respiratory distress. On examination there is bilateral crepitation and wheezing. Which of the following is the most likely cause – | The child presenting with respiratory distress and bilateral crepitations and wheezing, we have to suspect brochiolitis.
Differential diagnosis of diseases which are frequently asked | 19,962 | medmcqa_train |
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis is | Preimplantation genetic diagnosis is technique to identify genetic abnormalities in eggs or embryos prior to their transfer. Whereas, preimplantation genetic screening aims to identify embryonic aneuploidy resulting from gamete meiotic errors. | 19,963 | medmcqa_train |
The right costo-phrenic line extends up to the level of which rib in the mid-axillary line - | The inferior margin of pleura extends onto diaphragm at the level of (Costodiaphragmatic line)
- 8th rib in the midclavicular line
- 10th rib in mid-axillary line
- 12th rib at the lateral border of erector spinae.
The lower border of lungs extends till the level of
- 6th rib in the midclavi... | 19,964 | medmcqa_train |
Annexin V on non-permeable cell is indicative of.? | Apoptotic cells express phospatidylserine in the outer layers of there plasma membrane. This phospholipid moves out from the inner layers where it is recognized by a number of receptors on the phagocytes .These lipids are also detected by binding of a protein called Annexin V. | 19,965 | medmcqa_train |
In a young patient presenting with recurrent vitreous hemorrhage, diagnosis is – | Eale's disease is characterized by recurrent bilateral vitreous hemorrhage in young adult (20-30 yrs) males. | 19,966 | medmcqa_train |
True of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease I and II respectiely -The most likely site of ectopic opening would be - | Three forms of ADPKD have been identified.
ADPKD-1
accounts for 85% of cases
its gene is found on chromosome 16p
ADPKD-2
its gene has been mapped to chromosome 4q
it appears to have a later age of onset of symptoms and renal failure than ADPKD-1
ADPKD-3
it has not been mapped to a gene uptill now. | 19,967 | medmcqa_train |
Telogen phase of hair growth lasts for ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 100 days The most impoant feature of hair follicle is that their activity is cyclic. Hair grows at 0.4 mm per day and as it reaches a definitive length, it is shed to be replaced by a new hair. Hair undergoes through 3 different phases of hair cycle :? 1) Anagen phase (Phase of activity and growth) Th... | 19,968 | medmcqa_train |
Test used to detect semen: Gujarat 10; MAHE 11 | Ans. Barberio's test | 19,969 | medmcqa_train |
DTPA scan of hypeensive young lady is normal, USG shows small kidney on left side. Next investigation will be ? | Ans. is 'c' ie. Digital Subtraction angiography Hypeension in a young female is most probably due to renal aery stenosis (cause fibromuscular dysplasia) DTPA scan which shows the GFR* comes to be normal because of increased renin activity. Digital subtraction angiography or Doppler U/S will show the stenosis. Now MRA (... | 19,970 | medmcqa_train |
Nysten's rule peains to ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Rigor mois Rigor mois It is defined as contraction, stiffening, shoenig and opacity of muscles after death. It occurs after molecular (cellular) death. In tropical countries (e.g. india), it begins 1-2 hours after death, takes fuher 2 hours to develop, and lasts for 18-36 hours in summer and 24-48 hou... | 19,971 | medmcqa_train |
Best drug for chronic gout in patient with renal impairment is: | Ans. (C) Allopurinol(Ref: KDT 8th/e p217)*NSAIDs like naproxen have no role in chronic gout*Uricosuric drugs like probenecid and sulfinpyrazone are ineffective in the presence of renal insufficiency*Allopurinol is drug of choice for most cases of chronic gout. | 19,972 | medmcqa_train |
The most common side effect associated with chronic use of phenothiazines is - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Tardive dyskinesia All the options mentioned in the question are extra pyramidal disorders seen with administration of phenothiazines. However Tardive dykinesia is the one, which occurs with chronic use, all others manifesting as more acute responses. Tardive dyskinesia o Purposeless involuntary facia... | 19,973 | medmcqa_train |
Causative agent of angular conjunctivitis | Angular conjunctivitis commonly caused by Moraxella lacunata and S. Aureus. | 19,974 | medmcqa_train |
Spirochaetes can be identified by : March 2005 | Ans. D: Dark field microscopy Laboratory examinations for syphilis: In its primary and secondary stages, syphilis can often be diagnosed by dark-field examination of fresh exudate obtained from lesions. Because the exudates from non-syphilitic lesions may also contain spiral organisms, the result must be interpreted wi... | 19,975 | medmcqa_train |
Is Lesser petrosal a branch of? | The glossopharyngeal nerve gives the impoant branch-the tympanic branch also called the Jacobson&;s nerve. It leaves the inferior ganglion and enters middle ear through the tympanic canaliculussituated at the bony edge between the jugular foramen and carotid canal. It forms the tympanic plexus over the promontory of th... | 19,976 | medmcqa_train |
Two carbon atoms leave in the form of CO2 in the TCA cycle are derived from - | Ans. is 'b' Le., Acetyl CoA o TCA cycle consists of sequential reactions. It begins with condensation of four carbon oxaloacetate molecule with 2 carbon acetyl CoA molecule to form six carbon citrate molecule. In a subsequent reaction, two carbon atoms are lost in the form of CO2 at two different reactions. A series of... | 19,977 | medmcqa_train |
Alcoholic blackouts are seen at levels of alcohol in blood | Acute Alcohol Intoxication:
Blood Alcohol concentration
Symptoms
20 - 30 mg / dL
Decreased concentration decreased motor performance
30 - 80 mg/dL
Signs of intoxication appears, worsening of motor symptoms and thinking ability.
80 - 200 mg /dL
Incordination
200 - 300 mg / dL
Alcohol blackout
(Anterograde ... | 19,978 | medmcqa_train |
Metabolic changes in burns include all except | Burns is characterized by negative nitrogen balance. | 19,979 | medmcqa_train |
A red cell with a volume of 100 cu.microns and intracellular osmolality of 300 mOsm was placed in a solution with an osmolality of 100 mOsm. What will be the final volume of this cell? | pi Vi = pf Vf 100 x 300 = 100 x Vf Vf = 300 Pi - initial osmolality; Pf - final osmolality Vi - initial volume; Vf - final volume | 19,980 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following molecules/enzymes may contribute in generating free oxygen radicals within neutrophils for killing intracellular bacteria, except- | * Catalase, present in peroxisomes, catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (2H2O2 - O2 + 2H2O). It is one of the most active enzymes known, capable of degrading millions of molecules of H2O2 per second. *iNOS, the type that is involved in microbial killing, is expressed when macrophages are activated by cytok... | 19,981 | medmcqa_train |
Most aggressive type of cyst Which causes hollowing of mandible: | Dentigerous cyst is potentially capable of becoming an aggressive lesion, with considerable bone expansion, facial asymmetry, hollowing out of the entire ramus upto the coronoid process or condyle. Moreover the epithelium of the dentigerous cysts is pluripotential, and can give rise to ametobtastoma, epidermoid carcino... | 19,982 | medmcqa_train |
A 69-year-old man with a history of recurrent pancreatitis treated with corticosteroids now has increasing fatigue for 2 years. He does not drink alcohol and has no evidence of gallbladder disease. On examination, there are no abnormalities. Laboratory studies show his serum creatinine is 5 mg/dL and urea nitrogen is 4... | Bilateral hydronephrosis, without hydroureter or bladder dilation, suggests that the problem involves both ureters. Obstructive uropathy has led to chronic renal failure with uremia. The elevated IgG4 suggests a fibroinflammatory process with IgG4-secreting plasma cells in the retroperitoneum; this process is part of a... | 19,983 | medmcqa_train |
Gunpowder on clothing can be visualized by: AI 11 | Ans. Energy dispersive X-ray | 19,984 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the folio wing is the least com mon bacteria responsible for Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Bronchitis - | .Ans. is 'd' i.e., Staphylocccus aureus Most common bacterias associated with acute excerbation in COPDo Hemophilus influenzao Moraxella catarrhaliso Streptococcus pneumoniae | 19,985 | medmcqa_train |
Which nerve needs to be carefully identified during parotid gland surgery? | The basic principle of facial nerve dissection is to avoid any unnecessary stimulation of the nerve. Specific tools used in dissection vary from surgeon to surgeon and include cold, bipolar electrocauterization, and ultrasonic dissection. Most surgeons caution against the use of a monopolar cautery in close proximity t... | 19,986 | medmcqa_train |
IPC 304B is related to - | IPC 304 - Punishment of culpable homicide, not amounting to murder IPC 304 A - Death caused by negligence IPC 304 B - Dowry death : 10 years of imprisonment which can extend to life. IPC 498 - Punishment for cruelty by husband or his relatives. Ref ; Narayana reddy 33rd ed. | 19,987 | medmcqa_train |
A child with VSD develops the following findings. There is no history of fever. What is the probable cause of these findings? | --> Clubbing & cyanosis in a child with VSD, with no history of fever, is suggestive of Eisenmenger syndrome. --> EISENMENGER SYNDROME: Any untreated congenital cardiac defect with intracardiac communication that leads to pulmonary hypeension, reversal of flow , cyanosis. --> VSD + FEVER + CLUBBING --> suggestive of IN... | 19,988 | medmcqa_train |
In a small child diagnosed with H. influenza meningitis. What investigation must to be done before discharging him from the hospital? | a. BERA(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2936-2948, Ghai 8/e p 563-565)Sensorineural hearing loss is the most common sequelae of bacterial meningitis; So a hearing evaluation should be done before discharge of a child with meningitis, from hospital. | 19,989 | medmcqa_train |
Endometrial biopsy in infertility" is done at | C. i.e. (21 - 23rd day of menstrual cycle) (222 - Dutta 4th) (142 - Shaw's 14th)ENDOMETRIAL BIOPSY - most reliable method to study the endometrium is by obtaining the material by curettage after dilatation of the cervix usually under general anaesthesiaIndication of Dilatation and CurettageDiagnosticInfertility, DUB, P... | 19,990 | medmcqa_train |
What Vitamin A supplementation in a 10 month old child with Xeropthalmia is? | Vitamin A therapy: Treatment schedules apply to all stages of active xerophthalmia viz. XN, X1A, X1B, X2, X3A and X3B. Oral administration is the recommended method of treatment. However, in the presence of repeated vomiting and severe diarrhoea, intramuscular injections of water-miscible preparation should be preferre... | 19,991 | medmcqa_train |
Effect of environment on genes is called- | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Euthenics | 19,992 | medmcqa_train |
You’re assessing the stoma of a patient with a healthy, well-healed colostomy. You expect the stoma to appear: | Good circulation causes tissues to be moist and red, so a healthy, well-healed stoma appears red and moist | 19,993 | medmcqa_train |
Platelet function can be assessed by ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Bleeding time | 19,994 | medmcqa_train |
By which method foreign DNA is introduced into a cell by a virus or viral vector? | (A) Transduction[?]TRANSDUCTIONoTransfer of genetic information from one cell to another by means of a viral vector.oRefers to the process whereby foreign DNA is introduced into another cell via a viral vectoroTransduction does not require physical contact between the cell donating the DNA and the cell receiving the DN... | 19,995 | medmcqa_train |
Preferred drugs in clinical situations associated with hypeensive emergencies: a) Nitroprusside is preferred in aoic dissection b) Phentolamine is the first choice in adrenergic crisis c) Hydralazine is preferred in eclampsia d) Nitroglycerin is best in acute left ventricular failure e) Nicardipine in case of cerebrova... | Nitroprusside is prefered in aoic dissection, Phentolamine in aoic crisis, Hydralazine in eclampsia, nitroglycerine in hypeension associated with LV Failure and nicardipine in CVA Ref: Harrisons, Edition18 , Page - 2058 | 19,996 | medmcqa_train |
Example of enzyme specificity: | Ans. D. All of theseEnzymes are highly specific in their action as compared with chemical catalysts. Three types of enzyme specificities are well-recognized.(a) Stereospecificity: The enzymes act only on one isomer and therefore exhibit stereoisomerism. e.g., L-amino acid oxidase on L-amino acids; hexokinase on D-hexos... | 19,997 | medmcqa_train |
Commonest type of cleft lip is | Distribution of Cleft types Cleft lip alone - 15% Cleft lip & palate - 45% Isolated cleft palate - 40% Ref : Bailey & Love 25/e p657 | 19,998 | medmcqa_train |
Fecal leucocytes are absent in all of the following, except: | Campylobacter infection | 19,999 | medmcqa_train |
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