query
stringlengths
1
1.57k
pos
stringlengths
1
22.5k
idx
int64
0
161k
task_name
stringclasses
1 value
Which of the following drug decreases plasma renin activity?
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Clonidine o Drugs which increase plasma renin activity (Diuretics, vasodilators, CCBs, ACE inhibitors) may be combined with drugs which lower plasma renin activity (sympatholytic drugs - b-blockers, clonidine, methyl dopa).
20,000
medmcqa_train
The organism most commonly causing genital filariasis in most part of Bihar and eastern U.P. is-
The nocturnal periodic strains of Wuchereria bancrofti is most wide spread in India. Mainly along seacoast and riverbanks. Heavily infected areas – Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Gujarat
20,001
medmcqa_train
EAC rosette formation is the propey of one of the following type of immune cells -
Erythrocyte antibody complement rosetting (EAC-rosetting), occurs when antibody in the presence of complement is bound to the surface of a red blood cell. The complement binds to the tail region (Fc region) of the antibody. Finally T-cells with a complement receptor are added and the T-cells bind to the complement on t...
20,002
medmcqa_train
Therapeutic conisation is indicated in: September 2009
Ans. A: CIN III Conization of the cervix is defined as excision of a cone-shaped or cylindrical wedge from the cervix uteri that includes the transformation zone and all or a poion of the endocervical canal. It is used for the definitive diagnosis of squamous or glandular intraepithelial lesions, for excluding microinv...
20,003
medmcqa_train
All of the following statements are true about development dysplasia (DDH) of the hip, EXCEPT:
Twin pregnancy has not been mentioned as a risk factor for developmental dysplasia of hip. All other statements in relation to DDH are true. Ref: Tochdjian's Paediatric Ohopaedics, 3rdd Edtion, Pages 514, 516, 520.
20,004
medmcqa_train
Buruli ulcer is caused by:
Ans: b (M. ulcerans) Ref: Ananthanarayan, 7th ed, p. 367M.ulcerans is the only toxin producing mycobacterium, causing buruli ulcer
20,005
medmcqa_train
Force between denture and saliva is?
Force b/w like molecules = Cohesive force (like force within the thin film of saliva) Force b/w unlike molecules = Adhesive force (like force b/w saliva & tissue or saliva & denture base)
20,006
medmcqa_train
Failure of the administrators of the hospital to provide adequate facilities comes under
Corporate negligence It is the failure of the administrators of the hospital to provide the adequate facilities including doctors. The hospital administration should provide standard equipments and competent employees. If the damage has occured as a result of negligent action of hospital administration, then it is liab...
20,007
medmcqa_train
Nephrocalcinosis seen in all except: March 2005
Ans. B: Acute pancreatitis Primary hyperparathyroidism is single most common cause of nephrocalcinosis in adults Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis is second most common cause of medullary nephrocalcinosis - Both familial and secondary forms have high incidence - Contributing mechanisms are hypercalcemia, acidosis, and redu...
20,008
medmcqa_train
Increased gamma efferent discharge seen in all EXCEPT:
Shallow rapid breathing does not increases gamma efferent discharge. Anxious patients may sometimes exhibit hyperactive tendon reflexes. Stimulation of the skin, by noxious agents, increases g-efferent discharge to ipsilateral flexor muscle spindles while decreasing that to extensors; and produces opposite pattern in t...
20,009
medmcqa_train
Citric acid cycle is an example of:
Amphibolic pathways, which occur at the "crossroads" of metabolism, acting as links between the anabolic and catabolic pathways, eg, the citric acid cycle. Ref: Harper 28th edition, chapter 16.
20,010
medmcqa_train
Function of carnauba wax:
This wax is very hard, and it has a relatively high melting point and it has an agreeable odor. It is combined with the paraffin to decrease flow at mouth temperature.
20,011
medmcqa_train
A 20-year-old male came to the clinic with fatigue and weakness. Following findings were noted, what will be the likely diagnosis?
Peripheral smear image shows blast with presence of rod-like cytoplasmic inclusion called as AUER ROD The other image shows Gum hyperophy, seen in some types of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In AML with monocytic differentiation i.e. AML-M4 and AML-M5 (more commonly), infiltration of the skin (leukemia cutis) and the g...
20,012
medmcqa_train
Which of the following is not a reducing sugar?
Sucrose contains glucose and fructose .sucrose is not a reducing sugar, and it will not form osazone. is because the linkage involves first carbon of glucose and second carbon of fructose, and free reducing groups are not available.Ref: DM Vasudevan, 7th edition, page no: 77
20,013
medmcqa_train
Molar pregnancy diagnosis is by-
Ans. is 'a' i.e., USG Investigations for molar pregnancyo CBC & blood groupingo LFT, RFT & Thyroid friction testso Sonography - "snow storm appearance"is characteristic.o Quantitative estimation of HCG-High litre in urine, diluted upto 1 in 200 to 1 in 500 beyond 100 days of gestation is very much suggestive. Rapidly i...
20,014
medmcqa_train
During pregnancy, deficiency of which vitamin in women causes neural tube defect in the newborn: March 2010
Ans. C: Folk acid Deficiency of : Thiamine causes Ben Beni, neuritis Pyridoxine causes Convulsion, hyperirritability Folic acid causes sprue, Anemia and neural tube defect in the newborn born to folate-deficient mothers Cyanocobalamin causes pernicious anemia, loss of vibration and position sense, dementia, abnormal ga...
20,015
medmcqa_train
Youngs surgery is done for the treatment of -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Atrophic rhinitisSurgical treatment of Atrophic rhinitisYoung's operationModified Young's operationNarrowing of the nasal cavity by (Lautenslagers operation) -Lautenslagers operation
20,016
medmcqa_train
Which of the following Human papilloma virus subtypes are not covered by Quadrivalent Anti-cervical cancer vaccine?
b. Type 7(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p, Ghai 8/e p 200-201)Quadrivalent HPV vaccine contains serotypes 16, 18, 6 & 11 with aluminium containing adjuvant.
20,017
medmcqa_train
Muscle relaxant of choice in renal and hepatic failure
Refer Katzung 9/e p432 Atracurium and cis-Atracurium are muscle relaxants of choice for renal and hepatic failure patients
20,018
medmcqa_train
All of the following are given global prominence in the VISION 2020 goal, EXCEPT:
Vision 2020: The Right to Sight Objective: It is a global initiative to eliminate avoidable blindness by the year 2020. Global target diseases include: Cataract, childhood blindness, trachoma, refractive errors & low vision & onchocerciasis. Ref: A K Khurana, 5th Edition, Page 205
20,019
medmcqa_train
Inhalational agent of choice for Pediatric Anaesthesia ina child with congenital hea disease
Anaesthetic agent of choice in Pediatric age group Inhalational agentIV anaestheticsNM blockersIM anaestheticsSevoflurane, Nitrous oxide Thiopentone, Propofol Rocuronium, Atracurium, Mivacurium, Succinylcholine Ketamine ( Reserved drug )(Refer: Morgan's Clinical Anaesthesiology, 4th edition, pg no: 922-938)
20,020
medmcqa_train
La belle indifference is seen in -
In conversion (dissociative) disorder, inspite of the severity of symptoms many patients are indifferent to their presence. It is referred to as la belle indifference.
20,021
medmcqa_train
Surface hemagglutination with adherence to glycoprotein act in
(Influenza virus) (428-30- Ananthanarayanan 8th)* In the case of the Influenza viruses, the hemagglutinin on the virus surface gets attached to glycoprotein receptor sites on the surface of the respiratory epithelium.Other examples are, Human immuno deficiency virus, poliovirus* Haemagglutin - surface antigen, strain s...
20,022
medmcqa_train
In cleft lip operation all the stitches are removed on -
Stitches are removed on 5 post -op day
20,023
medmcqa_train
Compared with spectacles, the contact lenses
As contact lenses tend to return the images to near normal size, the images are minifid in hypermetropia and magnified in myopia.
20,024
medmcqa_train
Which of the following hormones are raised in PraderWilli syndrome-
Ans. is d i.e., Ghrelin o Prader Willi Syndrome is associated with elevated circulating levels of Ghrelin. Prader Willi Syndrome Hypotonia (severe hypotonia with poor suck and failure to thrive in early infancy) Hyperphagia and Obesity (may be related to elevated Ghrelin levels) Hypogonadotrophic Hypogonadism (si,GnRH;...
20,025
medmcqa_train
During follow up of a case of acute otitis media, a 6 year old child found to have glue ear with no symptoms. Next step of management is:
Close to 90% of episodes of otitis media with effusion (glue ear) resolve spontaneously after an acute otitis media episode is diagnosed. The American Academy of Pediatrics 2004 consensus guideline recommends watchful waiting without immediate use of antibiotics for children with uncomplicated otitis media with effusio...
20,026
medmcqa_train
Secondary toicollis may develop as a result of all the following except
Other causes of secondary toicolis are tuberculosis, pyogenic infection, ankylosing spondylitis, osteoid osteoma, intraspinal tumours, intracranial tumours of the posterior fossa etc.
20,027
medmcqa_train
A 30 year old male came to OPD with complaints of having bad dream. He got up scared and experiences signs of anxiety like tachycardia, sweating. He is able to recall the episode. The most likely diagnosis is
As the patient is able to recall the episode, it is a REM phase disorder, i.e Night mare.
20,028
medmcqa_train
Deficiency of which of the following element will impair wound healing:
Zn is a co-factor in collagenase.
20,029
medmcqa_train
Subepidermal blisters with granular deposits of IgA selectively localized to the tips of dermal papillae is a feature of-
Histologically, the early lesions of dermatitis herpetiformis consist of neutrophilic micro-abscesses at the tips of papillae, producing separation or blister between the papillary dermis and the epidermis. The older blisters contain a fair number of eosinophils causing confusion with bullous pemphigoid. Direct immunof...
20,030
medmcqa_train
Trendelenberg test is positive in palsy of -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Gluteus medius Trendeienberg test:o It tests the stability of the hip and particularly of the abductor mechanism of the limb on which the patient is standing.o Principle of the test :Normally when one leg is raised from the ground the pelvis tilts up war as on that side, through the action of the hip ...
20,031
medmcqa_train
Repressed information can be brought into conscious mind by all except ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Focused attention Preconcious thoughts are readily accessible to conciousness by focused attention, but not unconscious thoughts which contains repressed memory. Freud advanced the 'topographic theory of mind' in the year 1900 in the book 'the interpretation of dreams'. It divides the mind into three ...
20,032
medmcqa_train
Hyperparathyroidism is characterized by the following except:
Patients with PHPT(Primary hyperparathyroidism) formerly present with the "classic" pentad of symptoms:Kidney stonesPainful bonesAbdominal groansPsychic moansFatigue oveonesDiagnosis:- Elevated serum calcium and intact PTH or two-site PTH levels, without hypocalciuria establishes the diagnosis of PHPT
20,033
medmcqa_train
Possible cause of choriocarcinoma after hydatidiform mole is all except:
Ans. is b, i.e. More theca lutein cystsSuburethral Nodule indicates metastases choriocarcinoma. All others are very well seen in the conversion of a complete hydatidiform mole into choriocarcinoma except more theca lutein cyst.It is not the number of cyst but size of cyst (>= 6 cms) which indicate neoplastic \conversio...
20,034
medmcqa_train
Diuretic that is useful in mild to moderate hypeension is
Thiazides are not only drug of choice for mild to moderate hypeension but I first line choice for this type of patients as antihypeensive drugs Refer Harrison 19e/p1623
20,035
medmcqa_train
Marker for menopause transition is:
Ans. is a, i.e. Menstrual irregularityRef: Williams gynae 3rd/ed, p472There is only one marker of menopausal transition, is menstrual irregularity. The cycles have long intervals (greater than 60 days).
20,036
medmcqa_train
Total number of dehydrogenases in Krebs cycle
There are total 4 dehydrogenases present in kreb's cycle: 1. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 2. a- Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex 3. Succinate dehydrogenase 4. Malate dehydrogenase
20,037
medmcqa_train
In JVP, "a- wave" is due to:
Ans. C Atrial contractionRef: Harrison's Internal Medicine, 17th ed. Chapter 220, PE of CVS.NORMAL JVP WAVEFORM* Classically three upward deflections and two downward deflections have been described.* The "a" wave corresponds to right Atrial contraction and ends synchronously with the carotid artery pulse. The peak of ...
20,038
medmcqa_train
A 4 years old girl presented with abdominal lump. Bone scan is needed in:
Ans. b. Neuroblastoma (Ref: Schwartz 9/e p1449-1450; Sabiston 19/e p1859-1861; Bailey 25/e p814-815; Harrison 19/e 10 e-2t, 101e-3, 18/e p836; Ghai 7/e p590-591)A 4 years old girl presented with abdominal lump. Bone scan is needed in Neuroblastoma as metastasis is present in 60- 70% of patients at the time of diagnosis...
20,039
medmcqa_train
From which arteries is blood supplied to bone?
Bone is supplied by : nutrient artery, periosteal artery, metaphyseal (juxta-epiphyseal) artery, and epiphyseal artery.
20,040
medmcqa_train
Paranoid Schizophrenia is caused by -
Ans. is 'c' Amphetamine Drugs, like LSD, amphetamines and mescaline, can cause schizophrenia4ike symptoms in normal Subjects. " - Ahuja, 4/eThese lines indicate that schizophrenia, but whether they cause paranoid schizophrenia or not is not clear.Still the answer is clearly amphetamine.
20,041
medmcqa_train
Most common organism cultured in CSOM is
Pus culture in both aerobic and anaerobic CSOM may show multiple organisms. Common aerobic organisms are Pseudomonas aeruginosa Proteus Escherichia coli Staphylococccus aureus While anaerobes include Bacteroides fragilis Anaerobic streptococcal (Ref: Textbook of diseases of ENT, PL Dhingra, 7th edition, pg no. 76)
20,042
medmcqa_train
Patient with thin painless otorrhoea, multiple perforations of the tympanic membrane and failure to respond to antimicrobial treatment. What is the most probable causative organism?
Thin painless otorrhoea, multiple perforations of the tympanic membrane and failure to respond to antimicrobial treatment are the features of tubercular otitis media and it is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosisRef: PL Dhingra, Diseases of Ear, Nose & Throat, 7th edition, pg no. 81 - 82
20,043
medmcqa_train
A 7-year-old child has normal occlusion except for lingually erupting maxillary central incisor. He should be treated with:
Tongue Blade Therapy Tongue blade therapy can be employed in developing crossbite, when the maxillary incisor is erupting into crossbite and there is adequate space for the tooth to be moved.
20,044
medmcqa_train
According to the 1CD-10 revision, for establishing a diagnosis of mania, the symptoms should persist for at least:
Answer- A. 1 weekAbnormality and persistently elevated, irritable or expensive mood for >1 weeks or need hospitalization>3 ofthese hyperactivities:Decreased need of sleepIncrease in goal orientated activity (social, spiritual, sexual, religious)* Excessive involvement in pleasurable activities (unrestrained buying spre...
20,045
medmcqa_train
All of these are the adverse effects of naloxone in the treatment of opioid poisoning except.
Adverse effects of naloxone are uncommon, may include rise in BP , pulmonary edema,ventricular dysrrythmia. Ref: KD Tripati 8th ed.
20,046
medmcqa_train
7 years old child with peritonsillar abscess presents with trismus, the best treatment is -
Treatment of quinsy include iv antibiotics and if it fails to relieve the condition in 24-48 hours the abscess must be opened and drained. — Logan Turner 10th/e p. 86
20,047
medmcqa_train
Which one of the following conditions commonly predisposes to Colonic carcinoma ?
Ulcerative colitis The cardinal symptoms are rectal bleeding with passage of mucus and bloody diarrhoea. The presentation varies, depending on the site and severity of the disease , as well as the presence of extra-intestinal manifestations. The first attack is usually the most severe and is followed by relapses and re...
20,048
medmcqa_train
Which of the following is used in rape victims to determine the rupture of the hymen?
Glaister Keen rod is used for close examination of the hymen or the degree of its rupture. Ref - Krishan Vij 5th edition pg 314
20,049
medmcqa_train
How many doses of vitamin A are required to treat deficiency ?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., 3
20,050
medmcqa_train
Prophylactic drug of choice for diphtheria is:
Penicillin and erythromycin are the only antibiotics recommended for treatment. Both antibiotics are equally effective in resolving fever and local symptoms. However, erythromycin has been shown to be marginally superior. DOC- for carriers or for prophylaxis- Erythromycin for 10- 14 days.
20,051
medmcqa_train
A healthy baby will start turning head to sound by ....... of age:
Ans. A. 3 - 4 monthsNewborns respond to sounds by startle, blink, cry, quieting, or change in ongoing activity. By 3 -4 months, the child turns head to sound. Hearing may be checked by producing sound 1 1/2 feet away from the ear (out of field of vision), and a pattern of evolving maturity of hearing can be observed, A...
20,052
medmcqa_train
An 18-year-old client is admitted with a closed head injury sustained in a MVA. His intracranial pressure (ICP) shows an upward trend. Which intervention should the nurse perform first
The nurse should first attempt nursing interventions, such as repositioning the client to avoid neck flexion, which increases venous return and lowers ICP. Options B, C, and D: If nursing measures prove ineffective notify the physician, who may prescribe mannitol, pentobarbital, or hyperventilation therapy.
20,053
medmcqa_train
"Luc's abscess" is
Luc's abscess - Under periosteum of the roof of bony external auditory canal Ref : ENT textbook by Dhingra 6th edition Pgno : 51-53
20,054
medmcqa_train
Medium term intervention for Vitamin A prphylaxis is -
- medium term intervention for vitamin A prophylaxis is foification of ceain foods with vitamin A. - addition of vitamin A to dalda in India is a typical example. Reference : Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine, 23rd edition, pg no:641 <\p>
20,055
medmcqa_train
Ground glass hepatocytes are seen in
Ground glass hepatocytes are liver cells which have eosinophilic, granular, glassy cytoplasm on light microscopy. It is due to HBs Ag accumulation inside the cells, seen in Hepatitis B virus infection.
20,056
medmcqa_train
Drug therapy used in treatment of Wernicke's encephalopathy
(C) Thiamine # Thiamin deficiency can result in three distinct syndromes:> A chronic peripheral neuritis, beriberi, which may or may not be associated with heart failure and edema; acute pernicious (fulminating) beriberi (shoshin beriberi), in which heart failure and metabolic abnormalities predominate, without periphe...
20,057
medmcqa_train
The commonest cause of hymen rupture is
Causes of Rupture of Hymen i. Sexual intercourse: Commonest cause of defloration. ii. Masturbation, especially with some large foreign body. Hymen is not injured in most cases, as manipulation is usually limited to pas anterior to the hymen. iii. An accident, like fall on a projecting substance or by slipping on the fu...
20,058
medmcqa_train
Which is a serine protease:
Ans. b. Trypsinogen 1Inherited predisposition to pancreatitisGene (chromosome location)Protein productFunctionPRSSl (7q34)Serine protease 1 (trypsinogen 1)Cationic trypsin. Gain-of-function mutations prevent self- inactivation of trypsinSPINK1 (5q32)Serine peptidase inhibitor, Kazal type 1Inhibitor of trypsin. Mutation...
20,059
medmcqa_train
A male 45 years old wants his missing teeth to be replaced. Intraoral examination reveals Kennedy class 4 edentulous maxillary arch. Impression is made with hydrocolloid impression material. The impression is placed in which of the following storage medium to prevent dimensional change?
Dimensional Stability Once the hydrocolloid impression is removed from the mouth and exposed to air at room temperature, some shrinkage associated with syneresis and evaporation will occur. Conversely, if the impression is immersed in water, swelling caused by imbibition can occur. The storage medium, such as 2% potass...
20,060
medmcqa_train
Mother has absent / reversal of diastolic flow detected during antenatal period. What is to be done to the baby born to this mother
In Antenatal Absent / reversal of diastolic flow ↓ Babies have hypoperfusion to GIT. So, if breastfeed is with held there is increased risk of NEC Hence minimal Exteral nutrition ⇒ 10 -15 ml / kg / feed of breast milk given ↓ It promotes maturation of GIT.
20,061
medmcqa_train
The name of the first documented child who was reported to be abused (in year 1874):
The first documented and reported case of child abuse occurred in 1874. A child named Mary Ellen was discovered chained to her bedpost. She was beaten regularly and was found to be severely malnourished. A New York City Church group reported the situation to the police.
20,062
medmcqa_train
which of following SSRI is used in the management of Pre mature ejaculation
SSRI * IMPOANCE Most widely prescribed antidepressant * MECHANISM Specifically acts on serotonin transpoers and increases serotonin in synapse. DRUGS FLUOXETINE FLUVOXAMINE DAPOXETINE CITALOPRAM ESCITALOPRAM ESCITALOPRAM SERALINE PAROXETINE USE FLUOXETINE=============CHILDHOOD DEPRESSION FLUVOXAMINE===========OCD DAPOX...
20,063
medmcqa_train
Which of the following is not true about Corynebacterium diphtheria?
Diphtheria acts by its toxin and invasion are not seen. Elec gel precipitation test is done for determination of pathogenicity of diphtheria. Metachromatic granules are seen also called as Babes earnest granules. Bacteriophages (extra-chromosomal) are responsible for toxigenicity by phage conversion. Ref: Ananthanaraya...
20,064
medmcqa_train
A 40 year old farmer with history of recurrenmt attack of porphyria complains of itching when exposed to the sun and maculopapular rashes on sun exposed area. His symptoms are exaggerated in summer. The diagnosis is :
D i.e. Porphyria cutanea tarda Two types of porphyria are photosensitive Porphyria cutanea tarda Is most common type of porphyria and is caused by decreased activity of enzyme uroporphyrinogen decorboxylase. - Two types of PCT are: (1) Sporadic or acquired type, seen in individuals ingesting ethanol or estrogens; (2) i...
20,065
medmcqa_train
Cholecystokinin causes all of the following except:-
Cholecystokinin: - Stimuli for secretion Site of secretion Actions Protein, Fat, Acid -I cells of duodenum, jejunum and ileum Stimulates- Pancreatic enzyme secretions Pancreatic bicarbonate secretions Gallbladder contraction Growth of exocrine pancreas Inhibits- Gastric emptying
20,066
medmcqa_train
Heroin is?
Heroin is diacetyl morphine (semisynthetic form of opium) Classification of opiods: (1) Natural: morphine, codeine.(2) Semi-synthetic: heroin, hydromorphone, oxymorphone, oxycodone. (3) Synthetic: meperidine, methadone, paregoric, diphenoxylate, fentanyl, propoxyphene,levarphanol tarate.
20,067
medmcqa_train
Dysmetria -
Ans. is 'a' i.e.. Cerebellum o Features of Cerebelllar dysfunction include:DysmetriaAtaxiaPast PointingDysdiadochokinesiaDysarthriaIntention TremorCerebellar NystagmusHypotonia
20,068
medmcqa_train
Hysteroscopy should be done in
Hysteroscopy should be done in Pre-ovulatory phase when the endometrium is thin and bleeding is less likely to occur.
20,069
medmcqa_train
In Radical Nephrectomy the following structures are resected except
Ipslialateral adernal gland is removed not bilateral.
20,070
medmcqa_train
A child is diagnosed with osteosarcoma based on sunray appearance on X-ray. This is because of:
Ans. c. Periosteal reaction
20,071
medmcqa_train
NARY is a -
Ans is 'c' i.e., Mitochondria! disorder Clinical Syndromes of Mitochondrial Diseases Primary Features Chronic progressive external o External ophthalmoplegia ophthalmoplegia (CPEO) o Bilateral ptosis o PEO onset before age 20 years o Pigmentary retinopathy o One of the following CSF protein greater than I g/L, cerebell...
20,072
medmcqa_train
Total score in Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) is ?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., 30
20,073
medmcqa_train
PDA true is all except -
Ans. is 'd' i.e., More common in term baby o During fetal life, most of the pulmonary arterial blood is shunted through the ductus arteriosus into the aorta .o Functional closure of the ductus normally occurs soon after birth, but if the ductus remains patent when pulmonaiy vascular resistance falls, aortic blood is sh...
20,074
medmcqa_train
Most common cause of Non-gonococcal urethritis is
The most common cause of non-gonococcal urethritis is C.trachomatis. Other common organisms are ureaplasma ureolyticum and Mycoplasma hominis. Ref: Ananthanarayan and Paniker&;s Textbook of Microbiology, 9th edition; pg no: 234
20,075
medmcqa_train
A 59-yrs-old woman undergoes vaginal hysterectomy and anteroposterior repair for uterine prolapse. Which of the following is a complication of this procedure that often develops within 2 weeks of surgery?
Following surgical repair, if the urethrovesical junction is not properly elevated, urinary incontinence may result. This incontinence may present within the first few days following surgery. Dyspareunia can be caused by shoening of the vagina or constriction at the introitus after healing is complete. If the vaginal v...
20,076
medmcqa_train
Type 1 cryoglobulinemia is associated with all the following EXCEPT-
Cryoglobulins are antibodies directed against other immunoglobulins, and which form immune complexes that precipitate in the cold. type1 type 2 type 3 Immunoglobulin isotype and specificity Isolated monoclonal IgM paraprotein with no paicular specificity Immune complexes formed by monoclonal IgM paraprotein directed to...
20,077
medmcqa_train
Morula period is a ----- cell stage
After feilization, the zygote is a diploid cell with 46 chromosomes, undergoes cleavage, and zygote cells produced by this division are called blastomeres. As the blastomeres continue to divide, a solid mulberry-like ball of cells, the morula is produced. The morula enters the uterine cavity about 3 days after feilizat...
20,078
medmcqa_train
Muir and Barclay formula is used for
The Muir and Barclay Formula estimates the amount of fluid that needs to be infused during the first 36 hours after a major burn. The Muir and Barclay Formula was described for albumin as the resuscitation fluid.0.5 x percentage body surface area burnt x weight = one poion;Periods of 4/4/4, 6/6 and 12 hours, respective...
20,079
medmcqa_train
In pneumatic dilatation for the treatment of achalasia, the cylindrical balloon dilator is dilated upto:
The only effective therapies for achalasia are pneumatic dilatation and Heller myotomy. Pneumatic dilatation - Efficacy is 32-98%, The cylindrical balloon dilator is positioned across the LES and inflated to a diameter of 3-4 cm. The major complication is perforation Also note: The most common surgical procedure for ac...
20,080
medmcqa_train
Choline in seminal fluid is detected by
Florence test - Detection of choline. Barberio's test - Detection of spermine.
20,081
medmcqa_train
The usual incubation period for pertusis is -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., 7-14 days The incubation period of pertussis is usually 7-14 days, but not more than 3 weeks.More question on PertussisMost infectious during catarrhal stage.Infective period extends from a week after exposure to about 3 weeks after the onset of paroxysmal stage.The source of infection is a case of pe...
20,082
medmcqa_train
Resolution power of light microscope is
Ans :c) 200 nmThe resolving power of light microscope is limited by the wave length of light. With visible light, using the best optical system, the limit of resolution is 200- 300 nm.Extra points:* Wavelength of electron in Electron microscope- 0.0005nm* Resolving power of electron microscope -1 nm* Reflected light ra...
20,083
medmcqa_train
Bullous pemphigoidis characterized by
Bullous pemphigoid ischaracterized by non acantholytic blisters on trunk and limbs. . It is characterized by a negative Nikolsky’s sign, so B is incorrect. Blisters of bullous pemphigoid are tense and not at all easily ruptured, so C is incorrect. Typical tense blisters of BP come on red/ urticarial base in elderly pop...
20,084
medmcqa_train
Viral infection that is least transmitted transplacentally:
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Hepatitis B (Ref: Arora Microbiology, 3rd/e, p. 702)Rubella and HSV are teratogenic virus, so their transplacental transmission is expected to be high, HIV have 30% transplacental transmission but HBV is least transmitted transpalcentally.
20,085
medmcqa_train
A 30-year-old man admitted for multiple injuries following an accident receives 8 units of packed RBCs (PRBCs). What is the most likely ABG finding in this patient?
Excessive Blood Transfusion leads to Metabolic Alkalosis. Reason - Citrate is used as an anticoagulant in blood bags. Excessive blood transfusion leads to citrate excess in body. This citrate is conveed to bicarbonate in the liver. This leads to metabolic alkalosis. Other complications include - Hypothermia (MC) Hyperk...
20,086
medmcqa_train
Radio iodine is used in treatment of
C i.e. Follicular Cell CA
20,087
medmcqa_train
The most chemoresistant tumor amongst the following:
Ans. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma
20,088
medmcqa_train
A 15-year-old girl after a horrific road traffic accident had to stay in the hospital for 3 days. Since her discharge she developed a fear of travelling on the road. She often has had nightmares and disturbed sleep. She explained that she often feels like living the car accident repeatedly for 3 months. What is the lik...
The principal features of Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are painful re-experiencing of the event (reliving experience, frightening dream with unrecognisable content in children), avoidance (avoiding the things or places involved in the trauma), emotional numbing and constant hyper arousal (anger, irritability, ...
20,089
medmcqa_train
Third generation cephalosporin that can be given orally is:
Cefixime It is an orally active third generation cephalosporin highly active against Enterobacteriaceae, H. influenzae and is resistant to many beta-lactamases. ESENTIALS OF MEDICAL PHARMACOLOGY page no.728
20,090
medmcqa_train
Liver is darkly pigmented in
Dubin Johnson syndrome Autosomal recessive Liver darkly pigmented.
20,091
medmcqa_train
In a patient with bronchial asthma silent chest signifies
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Grave Prognosis Silent chest (Little/no air movement without wheezes in Bronchial Asthma suggests a grave prognosis/impending respiratory failure (Life threatening Asthma). Signs of impending respiratory failure include : Drowsiness or confusion Diaphoresis Bradycardia Paradoxical thoraco abdominal Si...
20,092
medmcqa_train
Trendelenburg sign is due to paralysis of
TRENDELENBURG SIGN:- Normally,when the body weight is suppoed on one limb,the glutei of the suppoed side raise the opposite and unsuppoed side of the pelvis. However,if the abductor mechanism is defective,the unsuppoed side of the pelvis drops- Trendelenburg sign +ve. Sign is positive in defects of power- paralysis of ...
20,093
medmcqa_train
Voyeurism is?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Sexual gratification by watching the act of sexual intercourse o Voyeurism (Scoptophilia, Peeping tom): Sexual gratification is obtained by looking at the sexual organs of other persons, watching the act of sexual intercourse, or witnessing undressing by a womano Fetichism- Fetish is an abnormal stimu...
20,094
medmcqa_train
Extentsion of neck occurs at
C1 and C2 form a unique set of aiculations that provide a great degree of mobility for the skull. C1 serves as a ring or washer that the skull rests upon and aiculates in a pivot joint with the dens or odontoid process of C2. Approximately 50% of flexion extension of the neck happens between the occiput and C1; 50% of ...
20,095
medmcqa_train
In early pregnancy, the doubling time of the concentration of human chorionic gonadotropin in plasma in-
Ans-B
20,096
medmcqa_train
"Apple jelly nodules on diascopy are seen in"
It is the most form of cutaneous TB characterized by chronic,progressive,itch,annulor skin lesions with cetrol scarring,dioscopy(pressing with glass slide) reveals "Apple jelly nodules"
20,097
medmcqa_train
Given below is a clinical feature often associated with a tumour, what is the tumour?
Hyperophic osteoahropathy is encountered in 1% to 10% of patients with lung carcinoma. Rarely, other forms of cancer are involved. This disorder is characterized by(1) periosteal new bone formation, primarily at the distal ends of long bones, metatarsals, metacarpals, and proximal phalanges; (2) ahritis of the adjacent...
20,098
medmcqa_train
Surest indicator of reversal of anaesthesia is
After reversal * good muscle tone - as assessed clinically .being able to cough, raise his or her head from the pillow for at least 5 s, protrude the tongue and have good grip strength
20,099
medmcqa_train