query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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Age of closure of spheno-occipital synchondrosis: | Postnatally, the posterior cranial base becomes longer primarily due to growth at the spheno-occipital synchondrosis. Histologic studies have shown that the spheno-occipital synchondrosis fuses at approximately 16 to 17 years in females and 18 to 19 years in males.
Ref: Graber LW, Vanarsdall RL, Vig KW, Huang GJ. Ortho... | 2,700 | medmcqa_train |
Disulphiram acts by competitive inhibition of which enzyme? | Ans. (b) Aldehyde dehydrogenaseRef KDT 6th ed. / 386EthanolAlcohol Dehydrogenase-------------------Acetaldehyde Aldehyde Dehydrogenase---------------------Acetate* Disulfiram is an anti-craving agent for alcoholics. It has been used as an aversion technique in alcoholics.* Disulfiram acts by inhibiting aldehyde dehydro... | 2,701 | medmcqa_train |
Fast breathing in a 6-month old infant is taken as | Criteria for fast breathing AGE Respiratory Rate <2 months >60/minute 2-12 months >50/minute 12 months-5 years >40/minute | 2,702 | medmcqa_train |
Shivering" is observed in the early pa of postoperative period due to | Postoperative shivering (halothane shakes) and hypothermia is maximum with halothane among inhalational anesthetics. It can be used to sta or maintain anaesthesia. One of its benefits is that it does not increase the production of saliva, which can be paicularly useful in those who are difficult to intubate | 2,703 | medmcqa_train |
Malignant glaucoma is seen in –a) Anterior chamber normalb) Misdirected aqueous flowc) Pilocarpine is the drug of choiced) Management is medical onlye) Atropine is also given | In malignant glaucoma there is misdirection of aqueous posteriorly into the vitreous. It is characterized by markedly raised IOP and shallow or absent anterior chamber.
Treatment includes :- i) Medical :- Atropine (DOC), phenylephrine, osmotic agents, (β-blockers, α-agonists, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors; ii) YAG lase... | 2,704 | medmcqa_train |
Staph, epidermis has become important due to | * S. epidermis is a pathogenic organism which affects interventions like catheter, canula.* It is an organism which can form biofilm.* It is novobiocin sensitive. | 2,705 | medmcqa_train |
CRF is associated with? | ANSWER: (C) Metabolic acidosisREF: Harrison 17th ed chapter 274, Essentials of Pathophysiology: Concepts of Altered Health States by Carol Mattson Forth page 200Chronic kidney disease is the most common cause of chronic metabolic acidosis. The kidneys normally conserve HCO3-- and secrete H+ ions into the urine as a mea... | 2,706 | medmcqa_train |
All are dopaminergic agonists used for parkinsonism EXCEPT | Selegiline REF: KDT 6th Ed p. 415 DRUGS USED FOR PARKINSONISM Drugs affecting dopaminergic system Dopamine precursor Levodopa Peripheral decarboxylase inhibitors Carbidopa , benzaseride Dopaminergic agonists Bromocriptine , ropinerole , pramipexole MAO-B inhibitor Selegiline COMT inhibitor Entacapone , tolcapone Dopami... | 2,707 | medmcqa_train |
Incestuous relationship between mother and son is called as? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Oedipus complex * In psychoanalysis, the Oedipus complex is a child's desire, that the mind keeps in the unconscious via dynamic repression, to have sexual relations with the parent of the opposite sex (i.e. males attracted to their mothers, and females attracted to their fathers)* The Oedipus complex... | 2,708 | medmcqa_train |
Suspensory ligament of Lockwood encloses which pair of muscles | Suspensory ligament of Lockwood: A specialized lower pa of the fascial sheath of the eyeball is the suspensory ligament, which suppos the eyeball. This sling-like structure is made up of fascial sheath of the eyeball. It has contribution from these muscles : Inferior oblique & Inferior rectus. In an event of orbital fl... | 2,709 | medmcqa_train |
The major constituents in agar are | Agar, a polysaccharide extract of a marine alga, is uniquely suitable for microbial cultivation because it is resistant to microbial action and becauseit dissolves at 100degC but does not gel until cooled below 45degC; cells can be suspended in the medium at 45degC and the medium quickly cooled to a gel without harming... | 2,710 | medmcqa_train |
For optimum esthetics when setting maxillary denture teeth, the incisal edges of the maxillary incisors should follow the _____. | Maxillary teeth should contact the wet dry lip line when fricative sounds f, v, and ph are made. These sounds help to determine the position of the incisal edges of the maxillary anterior teeth. | 2,711 | medmcqa_train |
Osteosclerotic metastasis is common in cancer of: | Ans. A. Prostate cancerProstate cancer leads to osteosclerotic metastasis because of release of PTH like proteinsa. Prostate carcinoma cells secrete factors that directly and indirectly alter the osteoblastic function and express factors critical for normal bone development and remodeling, including bone morphogenetic ... | 2,712 | medmcqa_train |
True statements about alpha -1 - anti-trypsin deficiency-a) Autosomal dominant diseaseb) Emphysemac) Fibrosis of Portal tractd) Diastase resistant positive hepatocytese) Orcein positive granules | Fibrosis of portal tract develop when there is cirrhosis. | 2,713 | medmcqa_train |
The age at which a child can make a tower of 9 cubes and draw a circle is | Key fine motor developmental milestones4mo - Bidextrous reach (reaching out for objects with both hands)6mo - Unidextrous reach (reaching out for objects with one hand); transfers objects9mo - Immature pincer grasp; probes with a forefinger12mo - Pincer grasp mature15mo- Imitates scribbling; tower of 2 blocks18 mo- Scr... | 2,714 | medmcqa_train |
In chronic inflammation confined to poal tract with intact limiting membrane and normal lobular parenchyma, the histoapathological diagnosis would be - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Chronic persistent hepatitiso Intact limiting membrae with inflammation confined to poal area is seen in chronic persistent hepatitis. | 2,715 | medmcqa_train |
Most common site of hypospadias: | Ans. (a) Proximal to GlansRef Page 1478, Bailey and Love 27th editionHypospadias:* Incidence- 1 in 200* MC congenital anomaly of urethra* External meatus opens on under side (Ventral surface)* Dorsal Hood and ventral chordee seen.* MC site of opening- proximal to the normal opening in Glans Penis (MC)* Others: Coronal,... | 2,716 | medmcqa_train |
Per Rectal palpation of uterus is done in : | Virgins | 2,717 | medmcqa_train |
All of the followings are true about Sprengel's deformity, except: | ANS. DSprengel's deformity: It is congenital elevation of the scapula.Is a complex deformity of the shoulder and the most common congenital shoulder anomaly.Associations of Sprengel's deformity:* Klippel-Feil syndrome* Spina bifida* Diastematomyelia* Torticollis* Kyphoscoliosis# Klippel-Feil syndromeThe most common sig... | 2,718 | medmcqa_train |
The commonest cause of primary hyperparathyroidism is- | solitary adenoma ie a single abnormal gland is the cause in 80% of patients ( Harrison 17 pg 2380) | 2,719 | medmcqa_train |
Aminoglycoside affects ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Outer hair cells in basal area Cochlear damage with the use of aminoglycosides stas from the base and spreads to the apex; hearing loss affects the high frequency sound first, then progressively encompasses the lower frequencies. Outer hair cells are easily damaged by ototoxic drugs (aminoglycosides) ... | 2,720 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following statements about Histamine is true: September 2012 | Ans: D i.e. All of the above Histamine Histamine is formed by: Decarboxylation of histidine Function of histamine: Mediates triple response | 2,721 | medmcqa_train |
Accessory renal aery:- | The accessory renal aery is the precocious origin of a segmental aery which sometimes arises from the aoa and supplies upper or lower pole of the kidney. The accessory renal aery is the remnant of the degenerated mesonephric aery. The aery for the lower pole usually passes behind the pelvis of ureter and may cause obst... | 2,722 | medmcqa_train |
Blood pressure in right ventricle | Peak pressures in theright ventricles is about 25 mm HgRef: Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology Twenty-Third Edition Page No:508 | 2,723 | medmcqa_train |
Tzank smear helps in the diagnosis of : | A. i.e. Herpes | 2,724 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is the most common cataract in the newborn - | Answer: A The commonest cataract in childhood is Blue Dot cataract which presents without visual obstruction. And the commonest congenital cataract which presents with a visual defect is zonular cataract. | 2,725 | medmcqa_train |
Row of tombstone is seen in which skin disorder: | Ans. A. Pemphigus vulgaris* Pemphigus vulgaris is characterized by following signs:1. Bulla spread sign2. Perilesional, and distant Nikolsky sign3. Tzanck smear: Acantholytic cell* Histopathology shows suprabasal blister with row of tomb stone appearance of basal cells.* Direct immunofluorescence from perilesional skin... | 2,726 | medmcqa_train |
A 25year old male presents with painless sudden loss of vision, ocular and systemic examination is not contributory. What is probable diagnosis | Ans is Eale's disease Both Eale's disease and Retinal detachment are causes of painless sudden loss of vision, however Eale's disease is a much more common cause than RD in a young male. Ocular and systemic examinations in both the conditions may be normal.Eale's diseaseIt is a disease of young adult males, who otherwi... | 2,727 | medmcqa_train |
Jumping gene is known as? | * Transposons, also called jumping genes, are pieces of DNA that move readily from one site to another.* They move either within or between the DNAs of bacteria, plasmids and bacteriophages in a manner, that plasmid genes can become part of the chromosomal complement of genes.* Interestingly, when transposons transfer ... | 2,728 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following X-ray should be advised for age determination between 1-13 years of age | A bone age study helps doctors estimate the maturity of a child&;s skeletal system. It&;s usually done by taking a single X-ray of the left wrist, hand, and fingers. It is a safe and painless procedure that uses a small amount of radiation. ... The bone age is measured in years . Reference: GHAI Essential pediatrics, 8... | 2,729 | medmcqa_train |
Plague epidemic in Surat in 1995 has occurred after a 'silence period' of | The last case of plague in India was repoed in 1966 and after that there was a 'silence period' of 28 years till the reappearance of the disease in September 1994, when there was an outbreak of bubonic plague in Beed district of Maharashtra and pneumonic plague in Surat (Gujarat). | 2,730 | medmcqa_train |
Vitamin D analogue calcitriol is useful in the treatment of ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Psoriasis | 2,731 | medmcqa_train |
Radiation protector drug in clinical use among the following is | Amifostine is used therapeutically to reduce the incidence of neutropenia-related fever and infection induced by DNA-binding chemotherapeutic agents including alkylating agents and platinum-containing agents . It is also used to decrease the cumulative nephrotoxicity associated with platinum-containing agents. Amifosti... | 2,732 | medmcqa_train |
Biochemical etiology of Alzheimer's disease relates to | Neurotransmitters, which are decreased in Alzheimer's disease:- Acetylcholine (most important), norepinephrine, somatostatin, corticotropin. | 2,733 | medmcqa_train |
Max risk of stroke after TIA: | Ans. a. First 48 hoursTransient ischemic attack (TIA) is sudden, transitory loss of neurologic function that comes on without headache and resolves spontaneously within 24 hours (but usually lasts less than 1 hour), leaving no neurologic sequelae.The specific symptoms depend on the area of the brain affected, which is ... | 2,734 | medmcqa_train |
'Cloudy cornea' is a feature of? | Ans. D. All of the above. (Ref Essential Paediatrics by OP Ghai 7th/pg. 637)'Cloudy cornea' is known to be a feature of Hurler's disease/IH, Scheie's disease/IS, Morquio's disease/IV and Maroteaux Lamy disease/VI.C/f of mucopolysaccharidoses:Eponyms/MPS numbersMentalretardationCoarse faciesHepatospleno-megalyDysostosis... | 2,735 | medmcqa_train |
Painful are syndrome is seen in all except - | Painful are syndrome is seen in incomplete tear of supraspinatus tendon (not in complete tear). | 2,736 | medmcqa_train |
In Thyrotoxicosis, B-blockers do not control - | Beta blockers ameliorate the symptoms of hypehyroidism that are caused by increased beta-adrenergic tone. These include palpitations, tachycardia, tremulousness, anxiety, and heat intolerance. n many tissues, hypehyroidism is associated with an increased number of beta-adrenergic receptors . The ensuing increase in bet... | 2,737 | medmcqa_train |
Arousal response is mediated by | Arousal response in cerebral cortex is activated by stimulation of Reticular activating system. | 2,738 | medmcqa_train |
Lymphoplasmacytoid lymphomas may be associated with | Ans. (b) IgM(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 598-602)Lymphoplasmacytic cell proliferation in marrow (Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma) with secretion of IgM | 2,739 | medmcqa_train |
Massive edema in body in a patients of burns is due to | Massive edema in burns is due to altered pressure gradient because of injury to basement membrane. | 2,740 | medmcqa_train |
True about Fibrolamellar carcinoma of Liver is all,except- | Fibrolamellar carcinoma -
It is a distinctive variant of hepatocellular carcinoma
It is seen in young adults (20-40 yrs of age)
It has equal sex incidence
It has a better prognosis
It has no association with HBV or cirrhosis
It is grossly encapsulated mass.
AFP elevation is not seen in Fibrolamellar Ca | 2,741 | medmcqa_train |
Cocospinal tract lesion leads to: | A, B, C i.e. Spaticity, Extensor plantar response, Exaggerated tendon reflexes | 2,742 | medmcqa_train |
An attack of migraine can be easily terminated by: | SPECIFIC ANTIMIGRAINE DRUGS
Ergotamine: It is the most effective ergot alkaloid for migraine. Given early in attack, lower doses generally suffice, and relief is often dramatic. However, when pain has become severe-larger doses are needed and control may be achieved only after few hours. Oral/sublingual route is prefer... | 2,743 | medmcqa_train |
In trauma, which of the following is increased - | Answer is 'a' i.e. Epinephrine; 'b' i.e. ACTH ; 'c' i.e. Glucagon As already mentioned in one of the previous questions, the neuroendocrine response to injury is an impoant pa of the stress response. The release of various hormones, creates an altered metabolic state which helps the individual to survive through the in... | 2,744 | medmcqa_train |
A liver biopsy reveals following findings. What is true about this condition | This is a classical picture of nutmeg liver seen in chronic passive venous congestion on the liver.
The dark congested areas consist of necrotic hepatocytes while the surrounding paler and brownish appearing regions are viable hepatocytes.
"The combination of hypoperfusion and retrograde congestion acts synergisticall... | 2,745 | medmcqa_train |
A patients complains of occasional vomiting of food paicles eaten a few days ago. His wife repos that his breath smells foul. The most likely diagnosis is ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Achalasia cardia | 2,746 | medmcqa_train |
An 80 year old male presents to OPD with c/o rapidly enlarging neck mass and Hoarseness of voice . He gives a history of untreated papillary carcinoma of thyroid . What would be the likely diagnosis? | Anaplastic carcinoma - Seen in 7th-8th decade -C/F Sudden increase in the size of swelling Severe pain over the swelling Most common route of spread- Direct invasion Evidence of compression of Trachea - Dyspnea Esophagus - Dysphagia Recurrent laryngeal nerve - Hoarseness of voice Most common site of metastasis - Lungs ... | 2,747 | medmcqa_train |
True statement about Korsakoff's psychosis is - | Korsakoff syndrome has sever antegrade amnesia and less severe retrograde amnesia. | 2,748 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following acts by inhibition of 30 S ribosome - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Tetracycline | 2,749 | medmcqa_train |
Male comes with acute scrotal pain. To differentiate between testicular torsion and epididymo-orchitis which is the best way | Angel sign and prehn sign are not reliable.color Doppler is investigation of choice | 2,750 | medmcqa_train |
NaF preservative is added in suspected cases of poisoning by ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Alcohol | 2,751 | medmcqa_train |
V asomotor eentre of medulla is associated with: | Ans, a. Acts with the cardiovagal centre to maintain BPVasomotor centre (VMC) controlling sympathetic outflow acts along with cardiovagal centre (CVC) controlling parasympathetic out flow to maintain blood pressure."Vasomotor centre (VMC) controlling sympathetic outflow acts along with cardiovagal centre (CVC) controll... | 2,752 | medmcqa_train |
Usual time for symptoms to appear in Rabid animal - | Post exposure prophylaxis may be discontinued if the suspected animal is proved by appropriate laboratory examination to be free of rabies or in the case of domestic dogs, cats or ferrets, the animal remains healthy throughout a 10 day observation period staing from the date of bite Reference ; Park&;s Textbook of prev... | 2,753 | medmcqa_train |
The diagnostic characteristics of Plasmodium falciparum are best described by which one of the following statements? | P. Falciparum infection Distinguished by the appearance of ring forms of early trophozoites and gametocytes, both of which can be found in the peripheral blood. The size of the RBC is usually normal.Double chromatin dots in the rings are common. Schuffner stippling is routinely seen in RBC's that harbor P.vivax. | 2,754 | medmcqa_train |
Hypercalcemia is seen in which cancer | Ref:Textbook of pathology (Harsh mohan) 6th edition,page no.695 CLINICAL FEATURES. Renal cell carcinoma is generally a slow-growing tumour and the tumour may have been present for years before it is detected. The classical clinical evidence for diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma is the triad of gross haematuria, flank p... | 2,755 | medmcqa_train |
Which is the only nearly pure metal used for dental casting purposes? | CP titanium, which is classified in four different grades, can technically be considered as an alloy because small percentages of other impurity elements are allowed as specified by a standard that has been established by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) for each grade. Although it is classified as... | 2,756 | medmcqa_train |
Drug used in triple drug therapy of H. Pylori: | Ans. A. MetronidazoleH pylori have triple and 4 drug therapy for H. Pylori where 4 antibiotics can be given like amoxicillin, clarithromycin, Metronidazole and tetracycline. Other drugs are PPI like omeprazole and bismuth sub citrate. | 2,757 | medmcqa_train |
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are drugs of choice for all of the following conditions except: | Ref: KDT 6/e p448,449 *SSRIs are drug of choice for depression,sustained treatment of panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, social and other phobia and bulimia. *In acute panic attacks and for acute treatment of generalized anxiety disorder, benz... | 2,758 | medmcqa_train |
Complete regression of which of the following veins causes this anomaly in the development of IVC (Figure). | Ans: (c) Right supra-cardinal veinRef: Essentials of Human Embryology, A.K.Datta, 5th edition, 2005, Page 205-208 4The anomaly shown in picture is Retrocaval ureter (right ureter) passes at first behind the IVC, and then appears in front of it after winding the medial margin of IVC.Retrocaval ureter occurs when the pos... | 2,759 | medmcqa_train |
Compute the median for the following set of data, 1,2,3,4,5,6: | If the number of samples is an even number, the median is midway between the two middle scores. (3+4)/2=3.5 Ref : Medical biostatistics, 1st edition pg: 111 | 2,760 | medmcqa_train |
A 50-years-old male Raju, presents with occasional dysphagia for solids, regurgitation of food and foul smelling breath. Probable diagnosis is: | Clinical feature Usually seen in patients over 50 years MC symptom is dysphagia Undigested food is regurgitated into the mouth, especially when the patient is in the recumbent position Swelling of the neck, gurgling noise after eating, halitosis, and a sour metallic taste in the mouth are common symptoms Cervical webs ... | 2,761 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not seen in pseudogout | Small joints affected Pseudogout commonly involves the larger joints.Knee joint is most commonly involved; other sites are wrist, elbow, shoulder, ankele. Involvement of small joints is uncommon. Pseudogout It is one of the forms of "Calcium pyrophosphate dehydrate" (CPPD) ahropathy Age group is > 60 yrs. In CPPD ahrop... | 2,762 | medmcqa_train |
The neurosurgeon had removed a portion of the dense tissue (dura mater) covering the brain of the patient when she removed the tumor that had invaded the skull. To replace this important tissue covering of the brain, she took a band of the aponeurotic tissue of the lateral aspect of the thigh, covering the vastus later... | The tensor fasciae latae (which is innervated by the superior gluteal nerve) and the iliotibial tract are dense, wide aponeurosis that receives the insertion of the tensor fasciae latae and about 75% of the gluteus maximus. The gluteus maximus is the only one of the muscles listed that is supplied by the inferior glute... | 2,763 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following does not supply the palate- | Blood supply of soft palate
Arterial supply of soft palate is as follows:-
Greater palatine branch of the descending palatine artery, which in turn is a branch of the maxillary artery.
Ascending palatine branch of the facial artery.
Palatine branch of ascending pharyngeal artery.
Lesser palatine artery a branch of ... | 2,764 | medmcqa_train |
Millard's 'Rule of Ten' includes all except - | Ans- D Rule often is the criteria used to judge the "readiness" of an infant for surgical repair of a cleft lip. The infant must weigh 10 Ib; be 10 weeks old; have a hemoglobin value of 10gm/dl and have a WBC count < 10,000. | 2,765 | medmcqa_train |
Which is the preferred incision for abdominal exploration in blunt abdominal injury ? | The preferred incision for emergency abdominal exploration in blunt injury abdomen is midline laparotomy. This type of incision is preferred as it provides adequate exposure, associated with minimal blood loss, minimal nerve and muscle injury. Ref: Current Surgical Diagnosis & Treatment, 12th Edition, By Gerard M. Dohe... | 2,766 | medmcqa_train |
Molten wax appearance is seen in | Motten wax or Flowing candle wax appearance feature of Melorheostosis. | 2,767 | medmcqa_train |
Golden hour of fracture femur is? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 1 hr after injury Golden Hour It is the first hour from the time of trauma. It is the most critical for life and for the limb bility following fracture femur. Best prognosis is for the patients with fracture femur are for those who reach the OR in the golden hour. The emergency medical team should not... | 2,768 | medmcqa_train |
Most common malignancy in AIDS is: March 2011 | Ans. A: Kaposi sarcoma The neoplastic diseases clearly seen with an increased frequency in patients with HIV infection are Kaposi sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma | 2,769 | medmcqa_train |
Brachytherapy is used in : | Ans. is a i.e. Stage lb Ca cervix Radiotherapy is recommended in advanced stages of Ca cervix i.e. stage IIB onwards.deg Brachytherapy is commonly used. For larger tumours initially external radiation then brachytherapy is given In small tumours brachytherapy is given first followed by external radiation. For stage IB ... | 2,770 | medmcqa_train |
Child begins to sit with suppo, able to transfer objects from one hand to another hand and speak monosyllabic babbles at the age of - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 6 months | 2,771 | medmcqa_train |
Maximum increase in prolactin level is caused by:- | Prolactin is inhibited by dopamine, so, any drug which blocks D2 recptor will lead to increase in prolactin. Anti-psychotics are D2 blocking drugs. They are of two types: * Typical anti-psychotic drug are amily D2 blocker. * Atypical anti-psychotics are mainly 5HT2 blocker but among them the maximum D2 blocking action ... | 2,772 | medmcqa_train |
Ramkali bai, a 35-year-old female presented with a one-year history of menstrual irregularity and galactorrhoea. She also had off and on headache, her examination revealed bitemporal superior quadrantanopia. Her fundus examination showed primary optic atrophy. Which of the following is a most likely diagnosis in this c... | A 35 year old woman complaining of amenorrhoea — galactorrhoea syndrome along with visual field defects confirms the diagnosis of pituitary macrodenoma (prolactinoma)
Amenorrhoea and galactorrhoea results due to increased secretion of prolactin.
Headache and visual field defects are seen due to mass effect of the tumou... | 2,773 | medmcqa_train |
Ceain sign of onset of labor: March 2013 | Ans. D i.e. Formation of bag of waters The first symptom to appear is intermittent painful uterine contractions followed by expulsion of blood stained mucus (show) per vaginum But formation of 'bag of membranes' is almost a ceain sign of onset of labor | 2,774 | medmcqa_train |
Linear accelerator produces? | ANSWER: (A) X raysREF: Oxford oncology 2nd edition page 398, O P Tondon's Inorganic chemistryRepeat from December 2009Linear accelerator and Betatron are used to produce X Rays by accelerating electronsCyclotron is used to produce Gamma rays. | 2,775 | medmcqa_train |
During normal inspiration diaphragm goes down by? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 1-2 cmIn normal inspiration, the diaphragm descends 1-2 cm into the abdominal cavity producing a pressure difference of 1-3 mm hg and the inhalation of about 500 ml of air. | 2,776 | medmcqa_train |
Gene therapy is most commonly targeted against: | a. SCID(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 584-586)FDA-approved gene therapy is used for ADA-SCID, Leber's congenital amaurosis, multiple myeloma & Adrenoleukodystrophy | 2,777 | medmcqa_train |
A 50 years old male with type 2 diabetes mellitus is found to have 24-hour urinary albumin of 250 mg. Which of the following drugs may be used to retard progression of the renal disease? | Antihypeensive drugs in Diabetes MellitusACE inhibitors (enalapril) or angiotensin receptor blockers are the first line of therapy in hypeensive individuals with type 2 DM.They have no known adverse action on glucose or lipid metabolism.Minimize the development of diabetic nephropathy (by reducing renal vascular resist... | 2,778 | medmcqa_train |
Teeth bite marks are a type of: March 2011 | Ans. B: Pressure Abrasion Teeth marks in biting and ligature marks in hanging and strangulation are example of imprint, pressure or contact abrasion Abrasion It as also known as - Graze or Scratch or Impression. An abrasion is a superficial injury to the skin which involves the loss of superficial epithelial layer (Upp... | 2,779 | medmcqa_train |
Drug (s) used in the treatment of multiple myeloma is/are- | Drugs used as first line treatment of multiple myeloma include boezomib(proteasome inhibitor) & thalidomide( anti- angiogenic effects against tumour blood vessels & immunomodulatory effects).Reference :Davidson's principles &practice of medicine 22nd edition pg no 1047. | 2,780 | medmcqa_train |
The following can be associated with fatty liver except - | Amiodarone-induced liver damage may present as Reye's syndrome in kids and may present as asymptomatic elevation of liver enzymes in adults. Asymptomatic liver enzyme elevation occurs in 25% of the population treated with amiodarone and is usually reversible upon discontinuation of therapy zidovudine-induced myopathy a... | 2,781 | medmcqa_train |
Immunostimulant used for the treatment of malignant melanoma is : | It is a recombinant IL-2 used for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma. | 2,782 | medmcqa_train |
Nucleosome consist of | A nucleosome is a basic unit of DNA packaging in eukaryotes, consisting of a segment of DNA wound in sequence around eight histone protein cores. This structure is often compared to thread wrapped around a spool. Nucleosomes form the fundamental repeating units of eukaryotic chromatin, which is used to pack the large e... | 2,783 | medmcqa_train |
Niacin deficiency causes all except | The classic triad of pellagra is dermatitis, diarrhea, and dementia. Ref: Page 182; Nelson textbook of pediatrics; 17th edition | 2,784 | medmcqa_train |
Larynx extends from - | The larynx is situated in front of hypopharynx opposite third to sixth cervical vertebrae. | 2,785 | medmcqa_train |
Apple jelly nodules on the nasal septum are found in cases of ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Lupus vulgaris Lupus vulgaris It is an indolent and chronic form of tuberculous infection. Female to male ratio is 2:1. Most common site is the mucocutaneous junction of the nasal septum, the nasal, vestibule and the ala. Characteristic Feature is the presence of apple- jelly nodules (Brown gelatinous... | 2,786 | medmcqa_train |
For clinically detectable ascites, the minimal amount of fluid should be | This is a direct pick from National Boards. | 2,787 | medmcqa_train |
Which statements is not true regarding acute starvation? | In starvation: Increased Lipolysis Increased gluconeogenesis in liver andIncreased glycogenolysis in liverIn fasting and starvation, glucose must be provided for the brain and red blood cells; in the early fasting state, this is supplied from glycogen reserves.In order to spare glucose, muscle and other tissues do not ... | 2,788 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is a diagnosis? | Ans. (a) Klatskin tumor.Imagesource- style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif"> | 2,789 | medmcqa_train |
A young girl presents with primary amenorrhoea, grade V thelarche, grade II pubarche and no axillary hair. The most probable diagnosis is | Testicular feminization syndrome - complete androgen resistance, presents as phenotypic young woman without sexual hair but with normal breast development and primary amenorrhoea Complete testicular feminization is a common form of male pseudohermaphroditism. It is the 3rd most common cause of primary amenorrhea after ... | 2,790 | medmcqa_train |
An 8 days old male infant is brought to the emergency department with vomiting, lethargy, dehydration and features of shock. Clinical examination reveals hyperpigmentation of the genital skin and normal external genitalia. Abdominal examination is unremarkable. blood tests revealed sodium of 124 mecill, potassium of 7 ... | Presence of vomiting, lethargy, dehydration, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hypoglycemia and shock in this eight-year-old male infant suggest a diagnosis of neonatal adrenal insufficiency/crisis.
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia is the most prevalent cause of adrenal insufficiency in neonates (typically 7-14 days post deliv... | 2,791 | medmcqa_train |
Incidence of undescended testis in term infants is: | The incidence of undescended testes is approximately 30% in preterm infants and 1 to 3% in term infants. Ref: Schwaz's principle of surgery 9th edition, chapter 39. | 2,792 | medmcqa_train |
Irregular and infrequent menstruation is known as: | Oligomenorrhoea - Infrequent and irregularly timed episodes of bleeding usually occuring at intervals of more than 35 days Polymenorrhoea - Frequent episodes of mentruation usually occurring at intervals of 21 days or less Menorrhagia - Increased menstrual flow/Increased duration at regular cycles Hypomenorrhoea - Scan... | 2,793 | medmcqa_train |
All are true about Xeroderma Pigmentosum except | (A) It is autosomal dominant inheritance # XERODERNA PIGMENTOSUM (XP)> Is an autosomal recessive genetic disease.> The clinical syndrome includes marked sensitivity to sunlight (ultraviolet) with subsequent formation of multiple skin cancers and premature death.> The risk of developing skin cancer is increased 1000- to... | 2,794 | medmcqa_train |
Exposure of a female fetus to androgen in early embryogenesis may arrest differentiation of : | Sholy after the tip of para mesonephric ducts reach the urogenital sinus two solid evaginations grow out from the pelvic pa of the sinus.From these evaginations the sinovaginal bulbs proliferates to form the vaginal plates. The androgen exposure may arrest the differentiation of urogenital sinus LANGMAN'S MEDICAL EMBRY... | 2,795 | medmcqa_train |
In obstruction of second pa of axillay aery, theanostomosis between the following aery will maintain the blood supply of upper limb: | Deep branch of transverse cervical aery & subscapular aery [Ref: BDC 4/e, Vol 1, p 56, 82; Snell's Clinical Anatomy 6/e, p 412-413, 657; Moore Clinical Anatomy 5/a, p 766-7671Axillary aery is the continuation of the subclan aery. It is crossed by pectoralis minor muscle which devides it into three pas.A rich anastomosi... | 2,796 | medmcqa_train |
Drug of choice for surgically unresectable renal cell carcinoma is ? | . | 2,797 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following markers in the blood is the most reliable indicator of recent hepatitis B- infection? | Ans. is 'c' i.e. IgM anti-HBc You are sure to get questions on serological marker of Hepatitis in every PG exams (particularly AIIMS & AI). This topic has been thoroughly discussed.See Q. No 58 of Nov. 2001.Coming to the question; Hbs Ag is also present in recent hepatitis B infection but it is not a reliable marker be... | 2,798 | medmcqa_train |
After a leisure trip, a patient comes with gritty pain in eye, and joint pain following an episode of urinary infection. What is the most probable diagnosis? | Reiter 's syndrome now referred to as reactive ahritis (ReA), is a classic triad of ahritis, nongonococcal urethritis and conjunctivitis. Reactive ahritis is triggered following enteric or urogenital infections. Reactive ahritis is associated with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27. Bacteria associated with reactive ahr... | 2,799 | medmcqa_train |
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