query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
value |
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Complications of cataract surgery –a) Endophthalmitisb) Optic neuropathyc) Retinal detachmentd) Vitreous losse) Lagophthalmos | Important complications of cataract surgery
After cataract (opacification of the capsule)
Vitreous prolapse & loss
Cystoid macular edema
Endophthalmitis
Aphakic glaucoma
Retinal detachment
Fibrous & endothelial growth
Neovascular glaucoma
Iris prolapse
Anterior uveitis (iridocyclitis)
Strait keratopath... | 2,600 | medmcqa_train |
The most common cause of malignant adrenal mass is | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Metastasis from another solid tissue tumor The most common cause of adrenal tumors is metastasis from another solid tumor like breast cancer and lung cancer. Malignant Percentage Adrenocoical carcinoma 2-5% Malignant pheochromocytoma <I% Adrenal neuroblastoma <0- 1% Lymphomas (incl. primary adrena lym... | 2,601 | medmcqa_train |
All are components of Sewer gas except - | When the sewage is highly concentrated and contains plenty of solids the anaerobic process is highly effective. The end products of decomposition are methane, ammonia, CO2, and H2S. Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 25th Edition, Pg 794 | 2,602 | medmcqa_train |
Incomplete uterine rupture is defined as? | Ans. is'd' i.e., Disruption of scar with peritoneum intact Incomplete rupture :In an Incomplete uterine rupture, the mother's peritoneum remains intact.The peritoneum is the membrane that lines the abdominal cavity to suppo abdominal organs.It also acts as a channel for blood vessels and nerves.An incomplete uterine ru... | 2,603 | medmcqa_train |
Insufflation pressure during laparoscopy is? | ANSWER: (B) 11-15 mm HgREF: Maingot's 10th ed p. 243The intrabdominal pressure during laparoscopy is monitored by insufflator and it is set between 12-15 mm Hg. | 2,604 | medmcqa_train |
The teiary structure of protein is determined by | Three-Dimensional Structure is determined by X-ray Crystallography or by NMR SpectroscopyRef: Harper&;s Biochemistry; 30th edition; Chapter 5; Proteins: Higher Orders of Structure | 2,605 | medmcqa_train |
Along with succinyl CoA which of the following amino acid serve as staing material in heme synthesis? | The two staing materials of heme synthesis pathway are succinyl CoA and glycine. Pyridoxal phosphate is needed to activate glycine. ALA synthase catalyzes the conversion of succinyl CoA and glycine to delta aminolevulinate. This is the rate limiting enzyme in porphyrin biosynthesis in the mammalian liver. Synthesis of ... | 2,606 | medmcqa_train |
Latanoprost (PGF0 alf | ANSWER: (D) GlaucomaREF: Goodman and Gillmans 11TH edition page 1103, http://en.udkipedia.org/wiki/Latanoprost "Latanoprost ophthalmic solution is a topical medication used for controlling the progression of glaucoma or ocular hypertension by reducing intraocular pressure. It is a prostaglandin analogue (more specifica... | 2,607 | medmcqa_train |
Renshaw cell inhibition is an example of: | Renshaw cells are inhibitory cells that transmit inhibitory signals to the surrounding motor neurons. This anterior motor neuron gets excitatory impulses from multiple sources, if all these excitatory inputs were sent to the muscles, muscle will fatigue early, so, there is some inherent check to reduce the excitability... | 2,608 | medmcqa_train |
Blood culture is positive in which infection of Staphylococcus aureus is | Infections caused by methicillin-sensitive S aureus, high-magnitude bacteremia (defined as >4 positive blood cultures ), and endocarditis. The most impoant test is a blood culture used to identify bacteria in the bloodstream. REFERENCE: www.mayoclinic.org | 2,609 | medmcqa_train |
Gonadotropin levels decline to prepubertal levels by age | Gonadotropin levels gradually decline to reach prepubertal levels by age 1 to 2 years. | 2,610 | medmcqa_train |
Which among the following surgery requires lithotomy position | Ans) a (Anal) Ref: http://en.wikipedia.orgThe lithotomy position refers to a common position for surgical procedures and medical examinations involving the pelvis and lower abdomen. References to the position have been found in some of the oldest known medical documents including versions of the Hippocratic oath. The p... | 2,611 | medmcqa_train |
Stool investigation of a child who presented with anemia revealed worm infestation. Which of the following worm infestation is associated with iron deficiency anemia? | The common human hookworms are Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus. The larger A duodenale is more pathogenic because it consumes more blood, up to 0.5 mL per worm per day. The adult worms attach with their mouthpas to the mucosa, from which they suck blood. Blood loss is the major sequel of infection which le... | 2,612 | medmcqa_train |
Homonymous hemianopsia is associated with lesion at | (C) Optic tract > It is difficult to localize a postchiasmal lesion accurately, because injury anywhere in the optic tract, lateral geniculate body, optic radiations, or visual cortex can produce a homonymous hemianopia, i.e., a temporal hemifield defect in the contralateral eye and a matching nasal hemifield defect in... | 2,613 | medmcqa_train |
Tumor that follows rule of 10 is | Pheochromocytomas are neoplasms composed of chromaffin cells. They follow rule of 10: - 10% of pheochromocytomas are extra adrenal - 10% of sporadic adrenal pheochromocytomas are bilateral - 10% of adrenal pheochromocytomas are biologically malignant. -10% of adrenal pheochromocytomas are not associated with hypeension... | 2,614 | medmcqa_train |
Cystic hygroma may be associated with: March 2005 | Ans. D: All of the above Karyotypic abnormalities are present in 25-70% of children with Cystic Hygroma. CH has been noted to be more common in persons with: Turner's syndrome Klinefelter's syndrome Down's syndrome In addition, several nonchromosomal disorders, including Noonan syndrome, Fryns syndrome, multiple pteryg... | 2,615 | medmcqa_train |
False regarding electron transport chain is: | (Refer: DM Vasudevan, Textbook of Biochemistry, 7th edition, pg no: 266)
Inhibitors of electro transport chain and Oxidative phosphorylation | 2,616 | medmcqa_train |
During laryngoscopy and intubation procedure, all of these are true, except: | Ans: D. After inseion of laryngoscope, it is levered on the upper incisor to pull up the tongue and visualize the vocal cords(Ref: Miller 81c, p I 666-7667. 71e p1587).The laryngoscope should never be hinged on the teeth to lift up the epiglottis.The patient is aligned in a "sniffing" position, i.e. neck (atlanto-axial... | 2,617 | medmcqa_train |
In Refeeding syndrome, all the given lab valves are monitored except | In Refeeding syndrome, hypocalemia, hypophosphatemia, hypomagnesemia occurs. Hence, they are monitored. Ammonia levels are not altered. | 2,618 | medmcqa_train |
At how many weeks of gestation can Hegar's sign be elicited? | Hegar's sign refers to widening and softening of of the body or isthmus of the uterus. It usually occurs at 6-8 weeks of gestation. Softening and dilatation at the external os is caused by estrogen and progesterone. Chadwick's sign: It refers to bluish discoloration of cervix caused by congestion of pelvic vasculature.... | 2,619 | medmcqa_train |
The major initiating response for peristalsis is | The major initiating response for peristalsis is local stretching of the gut. Peristalsis is a reflex that is initiated when the gut wall is stretched by the contents of the lumen. It occurs in all pas of the gastrointestinal tract from the esophagus to the rectum. The stretch initiates a circular contraction behind th... | 2,620 | medmcqa_train |
Semicircular canal perceives ___________ | They respond to angular acceleration and deceleration. The three canals lie at right angles to each other but the one which lies at right angles to the axis of rotation is stimulated the most. Thus horizontal canal will respond maximum to rotation on the veical axis and so on. Due to this arrangement of the three canal... | 2,621 | medmcqa_train |
Fetal tachycardia is defined as heart rate more than___ | Ans. B. 160. (Ref Williams obstetrics 20th/pg. 1428; Danforth9s obstetrics and gynecology - pg.157)Fetal bradycardia is defined as fetal heart rate <110 bpm; fetal tachycardia is defined as fetal heart rate >160 bpmThe normal FHR baseline ranges from 120 to 160 beats per minute.Foetal tachycardia is defined as a baseli... | 2,622 | medmcqa_train |
Angina pectoris and syncope are most likely to be associated with | Ref Harrison 19 th ed pg 1530 patients with pure or predominant AS have gradually increas- ing obstruction over years but do not become symptomatic until the sixth to eighth decades. Adult patients with BAV disease, however, develop significant valve dysfunction and symptoms one to two decades sooner. Exeional dyspnea,... | 2,623 | medmcqa_train |
Organ of coi is situated in ? | Scala media (cochlear duct or membranous labyrinth) has 3 walls : -i) The basilar membrane, which suppos the organ of coi.ii) The Reissner's membrane which separates it from the scala vestibuli.iii) The stria vascularis which contains vascular epithelium and is concerned with secretion of endolymph. | 2,624 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following statements are true regarding warfarin toxicity except | Refer Harrison 18/e p433 Common sites of warfarin -induced skin necrosis are breasts, thighs and buttocks | 2,625 | medmcqa_train |
Frequent blushing ("erethism") is associated with poisoning of | Mechanism of toxicity:Mercury reacts with sulfhydryl (SH) groups, resulting in enzyme inhibition and pathologic alteration of cellular membranes.Clinical presentation:Severe chemical pneumonitis and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema.Acute gingivostomatitis may also occur.Chronic intoxication:Classic triad Tremor Gingivost... | 2,626 | medmcqa_train |
Excretory poion of kidney is formed by? | DERIVATIVES OF MESONEPHRIC DUCT Both in Males and a Females Collecting tubules Minor and major calyces Pelvis Ureter Trigone of bladder In Males Epidydymis Vas derferens Seminal vesicles Mesoderm of prostate Ejaculatory duct In Females Ganers duct | 2,627 | medmcqa_train |
Fear of open spaces is: NIMHANS 07; Kerala 11 | Ans. Agoraphobia | 2,628 | medmcqa_train |
Treatment of systemic or disseminated variant of sporotrichosis is | Sporotrichosis:- Treatment:- : * Lymphocutaneous disease:- itraconazole, terbinafine, saturated solution of potassium iodide (SSKI) * Disseminated infection:- Amphotericin B (AMB). Ref:- Dermatology review by Asra Ali; pg num:-364 | 2,629 | medmcqa_train |
Which is not a finding in viral encephalitis? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Astroglial proliferation The pathologic Changes in viral encephalitis are : Parenchymal infiltrate chiefly in perivascular location, of mononuclear cells consisting of lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages. o Microscopic clusters of MICROGLIAL cells and presence of Neuronophagia. o Viral infection ca... | 2,630 | medmcqa_train |
Oblique view in XRAY of hand is required for diagnosis of | Oblique view of the wrist is required for scaphoid fracture * Most common fractured bone in the wrist * Peanut shaped bone that spans both row of carpal bones * Does not require excessive force and often not extremely painful so can be delayed presentation * Pain over the anatomic snuff box * Pain is not usually severe... | 2,631 | medmcqa_train |
The pa of the broad ligament giving attachment and suppo to the uterine tube is the: | The mesosalpinx is the pa of broad ligament that suppos the uterine tube. The mesosalpinx extends inferiorly to meet the root of the mesovarium; it attaches the uterine tube to the mesometrium. The mesometrium is the pa of the broad ligament below the junction of the mesosalpinx and the mesovarium; it attaches the body... | 2,632 | medmcqa_train |
Koplik spot is pathognomic of which infection ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Measles | 2,633 | medmcqa_train |
All the following are features of Anorexia Nervosa except : | Ans.is C (Amenorrhea is rare):Anorexia nervosa often referred to simply as anorexia, is an eating disorder, characterized by low weight, food restriction, fear of gaining weight, and a strong desire to be thin.Complications may include osteoporosis, infeility, and hea damage, among others. Women will often stop having ... | 2,634 | medmcqa_train |
Most likely diagnosis ? | CT scan of chest showing enlarged pulmonary aeries In interstitial lung diseases HRCT shows bilateral subpleural reticular changes,with traction bronchiectasis and honeycombing(idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis).and varies according to cause of ILD. In bronchiectasis CT shows: tram tracts and signet ring sign. | 2,635 | medmcqa_train |
Type II respiratory failure best relates to which of the following? | TYPE II RESPIRATORY FAILUREThis type of respiratory failure is a consequence of alveolar hypoventilation and results from the inability to eliminate carbon dioxide effectively. Mechanisms are categorized by Impaired central nervous system (CNS) drive to breathe (drug overdose, brainstem injury, sleep-disordered breathi... | 2,636 | medmcqa_train |
Muscle that does not arises from the common tendinous ring at the apex of orbit is? | The four recti arise from a common annular tendon or tendinous ring of zinn. This ring is attached to the orbital surface of the apex of the orbit. It encloses the optic canal and the middle pa of the superior orbital fissure.The lateral rectus has an additional small tendinous head which arises from the orbital surfac... | 2,637 | medmcqa_train |
Which of glial cell is mesodermal in origin - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Microglial cellso Microglial cells are derived from mesenchymal (mesodermal) cells.Development of cells in CNSCells of originDeveloped mature cellsNeuroepithelial cellso Neuronso Glial cells (Macroglial cells)# Oligodendrocytes# Astrocytes# Ependymal cellsMesenchymal (mesodermal) cellso Microglial cel... | 2,638 | medmcqa_train |
Which muscle is most resistant to neuromuscular blockage? | ANSWER: (A) DiaphragmREF: Lee synopsis of anesthesia 13th e p. 182, Morgan 4th e p. 206-15Diaphragm is the most resistant muscle to muscle relaxants. | 2,639 | medmcqa_train |
Fibroid with a typical "Lantern on top of St Paul's cathedral" appearance is | Cervical Fibroid is compared to "Lantern on dome of st Paul's catherdral". | 2,640 | medmcqa_train |
'Inveed fir tree' appearance is characteristic of? | B anthracis has a tendency to form very long chains of rods and in culture it is nonmotile and nonhemolytic. Colonies are characterized by a rough, uneven surface with multiple curled extensions at the edge resembling a "Medusa head." B anthracis has a D-glutamic acid polypeptide capsule of a single antigenic type that... | 2,641 | medmcqa_train |
Ranula is a: March 2013 (a, d, e) | Ans. A i.e. Retention cystBailey & Love (Surgery) states that ranula is an extravasation cyst, but CSDT (Surgey), Dhingra (ENT) & even internet references describe it as retention cyst. | 2,642 | medmcqa_train |
Which cerebral layer is referred as "Internal granule cell layer"? | Layer/Lamina IV of cerebral coex. Layer/Lamina IV - "Internal granule cell layer" Contains predominately granule cells & nerve fibers. Specific sensory input through thalamocoical fibers terminate primarily in coical layer IV on stellate (granule cells). Diffuse non-specific sensory afferents are distributed through la... | 2,643 | medmcqa_train |
Periodic acid schiff stain shows Block positivity | Lymphoblast contain cytoplasmic aggregates of periodic acid-schiff (PAS)-positive material. | 2,644 | medmcqa_train |
Pataus syndrome due to ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Trisomy 13 | 2,645 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following inherited neutropenias show a self limited course? | Answer- D. Autoimmune neutropenia of infancyIt is recognized as a fairly specific syndrome of early childhood.Low neutrophil numbers are often discovered during the course ofroutine investigation for benign febrile illness.The illness abates but the neutropenia persists, sometimes for months and occasionally for years.... | 2,646 | medmcqa_train |
What is true about Salter-Harris type IV epiphyseal injury: | Ans: C (Fracture occur through growth plate, metaphysic & epiphysis) SALTER~HARRIS FRACTURES http://wwwlbpt.bridgeport.edu/-gwl/salter-barrisdassification.htmThere are nine types of Salter-Harris fractures; types 1 to V as described by Robert B Salter and W Robert Harris in 1963, and the rarer types V! to IX which have... | 2,647 | medmcqa_train |
The daily requirement of Vitamin C is- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 40 mgo The daily requirement for vitamin C --> 40 mg. | 2,648 | medmcqa_train |
Diseases caused by coxsackievirus are all except: | In oral cavity CV causes:
Herpangina
Hand foot and mouth disease
Acute lymphonodular pharyngitis. | 2,649 | medmcqa_train |
True about Wilsons disease is? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Increased urinary copper excretion | 2,650 | medmcqa_train |
The chyle from intestine is rich with chylomicrons. Which of the following form the protein core of chylomicrons? | The triacylglycerol, cholesterol ester and phospholipid molecules along with apoproteins B48, and apo-A are incorporated into chylomicrons. Four major groups of lipoproteins: Chylomicrons, derived from intestinal absorption of triacylglycerol and other lipids. Very low density lipoproteins (VLDL, or pre--lipoproteins),... | 2,651 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is known as monkey fever - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., KFDo White disease- AIDSo Poverty disease - Cholerao Hundred day cough: Pertussis (Whooping cough)o 5 day fever: Trench fevero 8th day disease: Tetanuso Black sickness: Kala azaro Black death: Plagueo Cerebrospinal fever: Meningococcal meningitiso Kochs phenomenon: Tuberculosiso Hansen s disease: Lepr... | 2,652 | medmcqa_train |
Antiparkinsonian drug activating D2 receptors directly | Direct D2 activators are bromcriptine , pergolide,pramipexole,ropinirole. ENtcapone and tolcapone are COMT inhibitors and selegiline is a MAO inbibitor used in PD.In PD there is decrease of dopamine in the substansia nigra. Ref:KDT 6/e p419 | 2,653 | medmcqa_train |
Treatment of atropine toxicity - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Physostigmine o Atropine blocks cholinergic receptors. So, for atropine overdose, we require a drug that increases cholinergic action. o Physostigmine increases the concentration of Ach. Physostigmine counteracts central (because it crosses BBB) as well as peripheral symptoms of atropine toxicity (oth... | 2,654 | medmcqa_train |
76 year old man presents with lytic lesion in the vebrae. X-Ray skull showed multiple punched out lesions. The diagnosis is | B i.e. Multiple Myeloma Old age, male sex & veebral involvement (lytic lesion) indicate towards diagnosis of Metastasis & Multiple myeloma. But Absence of primary and characterestic multiple punched out lesions on X-Ray skull is diagnostic of Multiple myelomaQ. Osteomalacia: - Looser's zoned or PseudofractureQ (Hallmar... | 2,655 | medmcqa_train |
All the following increase insulin release except | Glitazones -insulin sensitizers.they will not produce insulin from beta cells.a cells of pancreas There are insulin sensitizers and insulin secretogogues. insulin secretogogues increase the insulin secretion from the beta cells of pancreas.where as insulin sensitizres help in secsitizing the tissue to already present i... | 2,656 | medmcqa_train |
Observe the following curves. What will happen to Sensitivity and Specificity if curve changes from Blue to Red? | (a) Both Sensitivity & Specificity increase* If Blue color curve changes to Red color curve (see Photograph in Question), then- FN will reduce, Sensitivity will increase (see Photograph given in Answer)- FP will reduce, Specificity will increase (see Photograph given in Answer). | 2,657 | medmcqa_train |
Vegetable fat differs from animal oil in being – | Vegetable fats are more unsaturated than animal fats, PUFA is found mostly in vegetable fats.
However, there are exceptions, as for example coconut and palm oils although vegetable oils, have an extremely high percentage of saturated fatty acids. On the other hand , fish oil contain good percentage of PUFA
Vegetable ... | 2,658 | medmcqa_train |
Sympathetic stimulation increases blood flow except: | Ans. a. Skin Sympathetic stimulation decreases blood flow in skin. Sympathetic Stimulation Stimulation of sympathetic fibers causes vasoconstriction but it is not impoant, as the vasocontricor system is not well developed in cerebral vascular bed. Sympathetic stimulation increases myocardial blood flow through an incre... | 2,659 | medmcqa_train |
Amount of blood loss in class II circulatory failure/Haemorrhagic shock? | -Hemorrhagic shock has been divided into 4 classes according to ATLS course. Class 1 Class2 Class 3 Class 4 Blood volume lost as % of total < 15 % 15-30% 30-40% >40% Four Classes of Hemorrhagic Shock (According to the ATLS course) Parameter I II III IV Blood loss (%) 0-15% 15-30 30-40 >40 CNS Slightly anxious Mildly an... | 2,660 | medmcqa_train |
An adult hypeensive male presented with sudden onset severe headache and vomiting. On examination, there is marked neck rigidity and no focal neurological deficit was found. The symptoms are most likely due to: | Ans. d. Subarachnoid hemorrhage Most likely diagnosis in an adult hypeensive male with sudden onset severe headache, vomiting with marked neck rigidity without focal neurological deficit would be subarachnoid hemorrhage. | 2,661 | medmcqa_train |
Down's syndrome is due to: | Ans: c (21 trisomy)Ref: Nelson Pediatrics, 19th ed., Pg. 384Trisomy 21, Down's syndrome seen in 1/600-800 births. Please note the clinical features which are often asked Hypotonia Dysplasia of the pelvis Flat face, cardiac malformations Speckled irises Simian crease (Brushfield spots) Varying degrees of mental Short, b... | 2,662 | medmcqa_train |
Man is the only reservoir for | Entamoeba histolytica is predominantly found in primates (including humans) and occasionally in dogs, cats, cattle and pigs.
The parasite has a worldwide distribution and is prevalent in tropical and subtropical countries.
Salmonella - The most common are animal reservoirs are chickens, turkeys, pigs, and cows; dozens... | 2,663 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following effects can occur if vagus is stimulated, except: March 2009 | Ans. D: Bronchial musculature relaxation | 2,664 | medmcqa_train |
Denosumab is used in:- | Denosumab is a monoclonal antibody against RANK - ligand which inhibits binding to RANK receptor and inhibits the activation of osteoclasts and inhibits bone resorption so it is used in treatment of Osteoporosis. | 2,665 | medmcqa_train |
When information memorized afterward is interfered by the information learned earlier, it is called : | Earlier learning interferes with retrieval of new information → proactive interference.
Newly acquired information interferes with the retrieval of previously learnt information → retroactive inhibition. | 2,666 | medmcqa_train |
Viral Conjunctivitis is most commonly caused by | Viral Conjunctivitis is most commonly caused by Adenovirus. | 2,667 | medmcqa_train |
About retinitis pigmentosa all are true, EXCEPT: | In retinitis pigmentosa rods are involved first followed by cones. As the disease progresses there is loss of night vision and peripheral field of vision. Only in the later stages of the disese there is loss of central vision. Retinitis Pigmentosa is a group of hereditary retinal degenerative disorder characterized by ... | 2,668 | medmcqa_train |
Common peroneal nerve is related to which of the following structures | B i.e., Neck of fibula Common peroneal nerve winds around neck of fibula to enter peroneus longus muscle. Because of its subcutaneous position it can be easily palpated here & is very prone to injury. So fracture neck of fibula may cause foot drop. | 2,669 | medmcqa_train |
Chromosomal mutation can be identified by all except: | Chromosomal mutation can't be identified by Agarose gel electrophoresis Agarose Gel electrophoresis Used to separate the DNA by charge or by size. The smaller the fragment, the more rapid the migration. Overall rate of migration and optimal range of size for separation are determined by the chemical nature of the gel a... | 2,670 | medmcqa_train |
Upper limb deformity in Erb's palsy - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Adduction and medial rotation of arm Clinical features of Erb's palsy A) Muscles paralyzed: Mainly biceps brachii, deltoid, brachialis and brachioradialis. Partly supraspinatus, infraspinatus and supinator. B) Deformity (position of the limb) i) Arm : Hangs by the side; it is adducted and medially rot... | 2,671 | medmcqa_train |
In angle closure glaucoma, obstruction to outflow of aqueous humour mainly due to the involvement of: September 2007 | Ans. C: Iris | 2,672 | medmcqa_train |
Which one of the following bacteria ois oxidase positive? | Oxidase test: The test is used to identifying bacteria containing cytochrome oxidase. I t is useful in differentiating the oxidase negative Enterobacteriaceae from the oxidase positive Pseudomonas organisms and the oxidase positive group of vibrios and related bacterias (Aeromonas, Plesiomonas). Neisseria organisms als... | 2,673 | medmcqa_train |
Dose of rifampicin in RNTCP is - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 450 mg TREATMENT REGIMEN SPUTUM EXAMINATIONS FOR PULMON ARY TBCategory of treatmentType of patientRegimentPre treatment sputumTest at monthIf result isTHEN -Start continuation phase, test sputum 6 monthsNew casesNew sputum smear-positive2(HRZE)3+-2 Category 1New sputum semar-negative+ +Continue intesi... | 2,674 | medmcqa_train |
Fasciculations are caused by | Ans. a (Scoline). (Ref. KD Tripathi, Pharamacology, 6th ed., 150)SUXAMETHONIUM CHLORIDE OR SUCCINYL CHOLINE (SCOLINE)Introduction- It is a short acting muscle relaxant.- It is a phase II blocker.- Depolarising muscle i.e. depolarising block at motor end-plate.- It is dichlor ester of succinic acid.- The action lasts fo... | 2,675 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following conditions cause congestive hea failure in neonates ? | In TAPVR can produce CHF in neonate. Ghai essential of pediatrics, eighth edition, p.no:397 | 2,676 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following statements is true about diaphragm? | The Diaphragm This thin fibromuscular paition between thoracic and abdominal cavities is an impoant muscle of respiration.When it contracts,it increases the veical extend of thoracic cavity by paially flatenning its dome and displacingthe abdominal contents downwards.The firous,central pa of the diapgragm(central tendo... | 2,677 | medmcqa_train |
What is the S.I. unit of effective dose? | The effective dose (E) is used to estimate the risk in humans. It is hard to compare the risk from a dental exposure with, for example, the risk from a radiographic chest examination because different tissues with different radiosensitivities are exposed.
The unit of effective dose is the Sv. | 2,678 | medmcqa_train |
Type II Respiratory failure is characterised by (Davidson) | (Low PaO2/High PaCO2) (1684 -H17th)Respiratory failure - PaO2 <8.0 kPa (60mmHg) and PaCO2 > 6.5 kPa (50 mmHg)Type 1 - PaO2 low, PaCO2 normal or lowType II - PaCO2 raised, PaO2 low - Ventilatory failure* Most important - cause in chronic type II respiratory failure is - chronic bronchitis | 2,679 | medmcqa_train |
In post-hepatic jaundice, the concentation of conjugatedbilirubin in the blood is higher than that ofunconjugated bilirubin because : | . The conjugation process of bilirubin in liver remains operative without any interference. | 2,680 | medmcqa_train |
Zone of HOHL refers to: | 1. Cell-free zone (Zone of weil)
Width approx. 40 µm
Not always present
Absent in young pulp (Active secretion of primary dentine) and older pulp (tertiary dentine)
CONTENTS
Capillaries
Unmyelinated nerve fibers
Cytoplasmic process of fibroblasts
2. Cell Rich Zone (Zone of HOHL)
Most numerous cells are fibroblasts... | 2,681 | medmcqa_train |
Hernia into pouch of Douglas is __________ hernia : | Beclard's hernia → is the femoral hernia through the opening of the saphenous vein (named after Pierre Augustin Beclard). | 2,682 | medmcqa_train |
True about primary aldosteronism | Answer is C (Increased Na+) Primary Aldosteronism (Conn's syndrome) is associated with Hypeension, Hypernatremia ( tNa+) and Hypokalemia (iK+) | 2,683 | medmcqa_train |
A patient is found to have a duodenal ulcer by upper endoscopy. The likelihood of this patient having H. pylori in the gastric antrum is? | . | 2,684 | medmcqa_train |
A community has a population of 10,000 and a bih rate of 36 per 1000. 6 maternal deaths were repoed in the current year. The Maternal Moality Rate (MMR) is: | Total no.of female deaths due to complication of pregnancy, childbih or within 42 days of delivery from puerperal causes in an area during a given year. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- x 1000 Total no. of live bihs in the same area and year. 6/360 x 1... | 2,685 | medmcqa_train |
Acute infectious purpura fulminans is caused by | Purpura fulminans is an acute, often fatal, thrombotic disorder which manifests as blood spots, bruising and discolouration of the skin resulting from coagulation in small blood vessels within the skin and rapidly leads to skin necrosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation caused by Neisseria meningitidis and var... | 2,686 | medmcqa_train |
Not a component of Brain stem | Brainstem
1. Medulla:responsible for regulating and/ or coordination of:
- Blood pressure.
- Breathing.
- Swallowing.
- Coughing.
- Vomiting.
2. Pons : participates in respiratory regulation and the relay of information from cerebral hemispheres to the cerebellum.
3. Midbrain : participates in coordination of visual an... | 2,687 | medmcqa_train |
Urinary tract infection exists when the bacterial count in 1 ml. of midstream specimen of urine is ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., 105 or over | 2,688 | medmcqa_train |
Both APTT and PT are prolonged in which conditions? | ANSWER: (A) Factor II deficiencyREF: Mastery of Surgery by Josef E. Fischer, K. I. Bland, 5th edition Part I page 90, Saint-Frances guide: clinical clerkship in outpatient medicine. Page 434 8; 235, Harrison 17th ed table 59-4See APPENDIX-50 below for "BLE EDIN G/C O AG U L ATI ON DISORDERS" and APPROACH TO A PATIENT W... | 2,689 | medmcqa_train |
The greatest volume of gastric secretion occurs during: | B: The gastric phase is the period of greatest gastric secretion. This phase is responsible for the greatest volume of gastric secretions, and it is activated by the presence of food in the stomach.
A: The cephalic phase of stomach secretion is anticipatory and prepares the stomach to receive food. In the cephalic phas... | 2,690 | medmcqa_train |
A 38-year-old gentleman repos of decreased hearing in the right ear for the last two years. On testing with a 512 Hz tuning fork, the Rinne&;s test without masking is negative in the right ear and positive on the left ear. With Weber&;s test, the tone is perceived as louder in the right ear. The most likely diagnosis i... | The characteristics of conductive hearing loss are: 1. Negative Rinne test, i.e. BC > AC. 2. Weber lateralized to poorer ear. 3. Normal absolute bone conduction. 4. Low frequencies affected more. 5. Audiometry shows bone conduction better than air conduction with air-bone gap. Greater the air-bone gap, more is the cond... | 2,691 | medmcqa_train |
Structure superficial to mylohyoid in anterior digastric triangle are: | Deep pa of submandibular gland & hypoglossal neve are deep to mylohyoid muscle.Structures passing superficial to mylohyoid in anterior pa of digastric triangle are submandibular gland (superficial pa), facial vein, facial aery, mylohyoid nerve & vessels, hypoglossal nerve & submandibular nodes. | 2,692 | medmcqa_train |
Treatment of Acute pancreatitis includes all except | Oral administration of food and TPN is not recommended.
Patient is fed via NGT to jeyunum. | 2,693 | medmcqa_train |
A 78-year-old woman has an acute anterior wall MI with hypotension and pulmonary congestion. Her blood pressure is 90/70 mm Hg, pulse 110/min, JVP at 8 cm, and the heart sounds are normal. The lungs have bibasilar crackles, and her extremities are cool and diaphoretic. What would central hemodynamic monitoring reveal?F... | Cardiogenic shock is characterized by high right atrial pressure (although it can be normal at times), high PA wedge pressure, high systemic vascular resistance, and low cardiac output. | 2,694 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following physiological change take place by Bainbridge reflex? | Atrial A and B receptors are located at the venoatrial junctions and have distinct functions. Type A receptors react primarily to hea rate but adapt to long-term changes in atrial volume. Type B receptors increase their discharge during atrial distension. C fibers arise from receptors scattered through the atria; these... | 2,695 | medmcqa_train |
The heme portion of the hemoglobin molecule consists of: | Structurally, porphyrin consists of four pyrrole rings (five-membered closed structures containing one nitrogen and four carbon atoms) linked to each other by methine groups (−CH=).
The iron atom is kept in the centre of the porphyrin ring by interaction with the four nitrogen atoms. | 2,696 | medmcqa_train |
Palpable purpura could occur in the following conditions, except: | Answer is A (Thrombocytopenia) Thrombocytopenia is associated with non palpable purpura'. Causes of Non palpable pupura: Primary cutaneous disorders Systemic diseases Clotting disturbance Vascular fragility Thrombosis 1 Emboli Possible immune complex Trauma Thrombocytopenia Amyloidosis Disseminated Cholesterol Gardner-... | 2,697 | medmcqa_train |
The maneuver shown below helps specifically in | The image shows 4th leopold maneuverThe first maneuver assesses the uterine fundus. It permits identification of fetal lie and determination of which fetal pole--that is, cephalic or podalic--occupies the fundus. The second maneuver is accomplished as the palms are placed on either side of the maternal abdomen, and gen... | 2,698 | medmcqa_train |
Carpal tunnel contains all except - | Ans-D | 2,699 | medmcqa_train |
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