query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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All of the following are pre-malignant except: | Ans. c. Peutz-Jegher's syndrome | 3,500 | medmcqa_train |
Condition not associated with bronchiectasis is? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Lung Cancer * Important complications of bronchiectasis are massive hemoptysis, purulent pericarditis, lung abscess, empyema, amyloidosis, metastatic abscess (in brain, bones etc) , and cor pulmonale. It is not a premalignant condition. | 3,501 | medmcqa_train |
Lateral medullary syndrome or Wallenberg syndrome involves all, EXCEPT: | Ipsilateral cranial nerve involvement (spinal tract of Vth cranial nerve and IX, X, XI cranial nerve) is seen in Wallenberg syndrome. Clinical manifestations of involvement of these cranial nerves are, loss of taste from the posterior third of the tongue (nuclei or fibers of CN IX and X) and reduced corneal reflex, fro... | 3,502 | medmcqa_train |
Maximum equilibrium potential is for - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., K+ | 3,503 | medmcqa_train |
A 40 year old male had multiple blisters over the trunk & Extremities. Direct immuno fluoresce studies showed linear IgG deposits along the basement membrane, which of the following is the most likely diagnosis – | IgG deposits along basement membrane occurs only in bullous pemphigoid, amongst the given options. | 3,504 | medmcqa_train |
Allergic rhinitis is which type of hypersensitivity- | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Type -1 Pathogenesis of allergic rhinitiso Allergic rhinitis is a type I hypersensitivityIt occurs in two phases:-1) Initial response/Acute or early phase# After first antigen exposure, this antigen is presented to CD-4 helper T cells (TH, type) by antigen presenting cells. These primed TH, cells rele... | 3,505 | medmcqa_train |
Myasthenia gravis is associated with | Some 60%of Myasthenia gravis are associated with a peculiar reactive hyperplasia of intrathymic B cells and another 20%are associated with thymoma, a tumor of thymic epithelial cells. Robbins basic pathology 9th edition page no 800,heading =Myasthenia gravis Option 4 is correct | 3,506 | medmcqa_train |
Red degeneration most commonly occurs in | Ans. is 'b' i.e. 2nd Trimester Red degeneration of the myomasRed degeneration of uterine myomas develops most frequently during pregnancy. It typically occurs during 2nd trimester (20-22) weeks of pregnancy.During red degeneration, the myomas become tense, tender and causes severe abdominal pain with constitutional ups... | 3,507 | medmcqa_train |
Which one of the following is a conjugated vaccine- | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Hemophillus influenzae HIB PRP vaccine (conjugate vaccine) is available for H. influenzae type b. o Currently no vaccine is available for non typable strains. | 3,508 | medmcqa_train |
Echoencephalography is most useful in detecting: | Ans. Ventricular dilatation | 3,509 | medmcqa_train |
Vidian neurectomy is done in? | Ans. (b) Vasomotor rhinitisRef: Dhingra's 4th ed p-160 | 3,510 | medmcqa_train |
Vasanti 45 years, was brought to casualty with abnormal movements which induced persistent detion of neck to right side. One day before she was prescribed Haloperidol 5mg three times daily from the psychiatry OPD. She also had an alternation with her husband recently. Which of the following is the most likely cause for... | C i.e. Acute drug dystonia | 3,511 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following statistics should be adjusted for age to allow comparisons - | Crude Mortality Rate (Crude Death Rate) is not a correct parameter to compare death rates of two populations since each population is likely to have different age compositions. Age adjustment or Age standardization is required to compare crude death rates from two different populations.
Infant Mortality Rate; Perinatal... | 3,512 | medmcqa_train |
In postmenopausal women, estrogen is metabolized mostly into | . | 3,513 | medmcqa_train |
Pain-sensitive intracranial structure is | Intracranial structures sensitive to pain are scalp, anponeurotica, duramater around venous sinuses & vessels, falx & tentorium cerebri, cranial venous sinuses, some arteries. Intracranial structures insensitive to pain are brain parenchyma, ventricular ependyma, duramater over convexity of skull, piameter, pial veins,... | 3,514 | medmcqa_train |
Auer rods are seen in: | Some of the commonly employed cytochemical stains, as an aid to classify the type of acute leukemia, are-
Myeloperoxidase: positive in immature myeloid cells containing granules and Auer rods but negative in M0 myeloblasts.
Sudan black: Positive in immature cells in AML.
Periodic acid Schiff (PAS): Positive in immatur... | 3,515 | medmcqa_train |
A 5-day-old male infant is diagnosed with Hirschsprung disease. CT scan examination reveals an abnormally dilated colon. Which of the following is the most likely embryologic mechanism responsible for Hirschsprung disease? | Congenital megacolon (Hirschsprung disease) results from the failure of neural crest cells to migrate into the walls of the colon. Incomplete separation of the cloaca would result in anal agenesis either with or without the presence of a fistula. The failure of recanalization of the colon results in rectal atresia, whe... | 3,516 | medmcqa_train |
Winging of the scapula is seen in injury to which nerve? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Long thoracic nerve of Bell * Winging of scapula is caused most commonly by serratus anterior palsy. This is typically caused by damage to long thoracic nerve (nerve to serratus anterior). | 3,517 | medmcqa_train |
A 16-year-old boy suffering from drug abuse presents with cross-over of sensory perceptions, such that, sounds can be seen and colors can be heard. Which of the following is the most likely agents responsible for drug abuse: | B i.e. (LSD) - Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) has potent psychedelic & hallucinogenic effects and produce a variety of bizarre and offer conflicting perceptual and mood changes, including visual illusions, synesthesias (reflex hllucination = sensory modalities cross over) extreme lability of moodQ. and sometimes bad ... | 3,518 | medmcqa_train |
Monoclonal antibody used in Head and neck cancer is:- | Drug Mechanism of action Uses Pembrolizumab Monoclonal antibody against PD 1 * Multiple myeloma * Non small cell lung cancer * Head and neck cancer * Any cancer containing mismatch repair Trastuzumab Monoclonal antibody against her-2/neu Breast cancer, gastroesophageal junction cancer Rituximab Monoclonal antibody agai... | 3,519 | medmcqa_train |
Numerator in negative predictive value - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., True negative o The results of a screening test can be arranged in following table : -Screening test resultsDiagnosisTotalDiseasedNot diseasedPositiveNegativeTrue positive (a)False negative (c)False positive (b)True negative (d)a + bc + dTotala + cb + d From this table following measure can be obtaine... | 3,520 | medmcqa_train |
Increased BP & decreased heart rate is seen in | Raised intracranial pressure initiates Cushing’s reflex. Cushing’s reflex leads to a rise in arterial pressure, which restores the blood supply to the brain. At the same time, the raised BP causes reflex Bradycardia through the baroreceptors. | 3,521 | medmcqa_train |
Ether is still used as a general anaesthetic in lndia, specially in peripheral hospitals because: | (Ref: KDT 6/e p371) Ether is the only complete anaesthetic agent. It is highly inflammable and explosive. It has good analgesic and muscle relaxant action. It can be delivered by open method. It is a pungent smelling liquid. Induction of anaesthesia with ether is quite slow. All the four stages can be seen. | 3,522 | medmcqa_train |
A patient presents 12 hours following a Myocardial infarction. Which of the following enzymes will be elevated at this period - | Ref: R Alagappan - Manual of Practical Medicine 4th Edition.pg no:184 Cardiac Enzymes a. CPK-MB: This cardiac isoenzyme stas rising within 4-6 hrs after development of acute MI, peaks during the 2nd day (4 fold rise) and disappears in 2-3 days. Other causes of total CK elevation: 1. Skeletal diseases - Polymyositis, Mu... | 3,523 | medmcqa_train |
IPC 314 deals with ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Death of patient caused by miscarriage Offences related to aboion and child bih 312 , 313, 314 and 315 IPC : For causing voluntary miscarriage (criminal aboion). 312 IPC : Causing miscarriage with consent (3 years of imprisonment +- fine). 313 IPC : Causing miscarriage without consent of lady (10 year... | 3,524 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not true about hypoxanthineguanine phosphoribosyl transferase? | "SALVAGE REACTIONS" CONVE PURINES & THEIR NUCLEOSIDES TO MONONUCLEOTIDES Conversion of purines, their ribonucleosides, and their deoxyribonuc]eosides to mononucleotides involves so- called "salvage reactions" that require far less energy than de novo synthesis. The more impoant mechanism involves phosphoribosylation by... | 3,525 | medmcqa_train |
Mercury affects which pa of the kidney ? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., PCT | 3,526 | medmcqa_train |
Primary amenorrhoea is a feature of all EXCEPT: September 2012 | Ans. B i.e. Stein Leventhal syndrome | 3,527 | medmcqa_train |
A 45 year old female presents with symptoms of acute cholecystisis . On USG there is a solitary gall stone of size 1.5 cm. Symptoms are controlled with medical management. Which of the following is the next most apppropriate step in the management of this patient. | Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard treatment for gallstones,especially with symptoms or complications like acute cholecystitis.Some surgeons advocate urgent operation on a routine measure in cases of acute cholecystitis..Good results are obtained when the operation is undeaken within 5-7 days of the onse... | 3,528 | medmcqa_train |
Prognosis of breast carcinoma is best determined by ? | .Treatment of breast cancer depends on clinical stage of disease and stagings involves assessing the most common lymph node draining the breast:ie axillary lymph node. according to TNM staging, the nodes are scored on 1 to 3 score 1 :no nodal involvement score 2: one to three nodes involved score 3:four or more nodes i... | 3,529 | medmcqa_train |
A 57-year-old man presents with hemoptysis and generalized weakness. His symptoms began with small-volume hemoptysis 4 weeks ago. Over the past 2 weeks, he has become weak and feels "out of it." His appetite has diminished, and he has lost 10 lb of weight. He has a 45-pack-year history of cigarette smoking. Physical ex... | Hyponatremia in association with a lung mass usually indicates small cell lung cancer (SCLC) with inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (ADH) production by the tumor. About 10% of lung cancers present with a paraneoplastic syndrome. Tumors producing ADH or adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) are overwhelmingly SCLCs, which... | 3,530 | medmcqa_train |
Private Doctor refusing to treating a case of sexual offence and referring to govt hospital is | Treatment of rape victim and information to police: All hospitals, public or private, should immediately provide first-aid or medical treatment, free of cost, to the survivor/victim of rape or acid attack, and should immediately inform the police . Denial of treatment of such victims is punishable under Sec. 166-B IPC ... | 3,531 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is true about female health worker? | ANSWER: (B) Covers a population of 5000 populationREF: Park 18th ed p. 809-810Under the multipurpose health worker scheme one health worker male and one health worker female are posted at each sub-centre, and are expected to cover a population of 5000.Female health worker makes at least 2 post natal visits.Chlorinating... | 3,532 | medmcqa_train |
One unit of fresh blood raises Hb% ( Hemoglobin concentration ) by | Single unit of whole blood raises Hb by 1 gm% and Hematocrit by 3% More than 70% of transfused cells will be ble after 24 hours Ref: Harrison's 19th edition Pgno :138 | 3,533 | medmcqa_train |
Coagulative necrosis is seen in: | Coagulative necrosis is a form of necrosis in which the underlying tissue architecture is preserved for at least several days after the death of cells in the tissue. The affected tissues take on a firm texture. Presumably, the injury denatures not only structural proteins but also enzymes, thereby blocking the proteoly... | 3,534 | medmcqa_train |
Incubation period of scabies is: | Scabies - Causative agent: Sarcoptes Scabies Var Hominis Incubation Period: 3-4 weeks after the infection is acquired. If pt. reinfested- ICP is 2 days | 3,535 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following phospholipid serves as a marker of apoptosis | Phosphatidyl serine is normally present on inner mitochondrial membrane, flipping of it to the outer mitochondrial membrane is seen in apoptosis. | 3,536 | medmcqa_train |
The triple P procedure for placenta percreta involves all except: | Ans. is c, i.e. Peripartum hysterectomyRef Fernando Arias 4/e, p 396Triple P procedure has been developed for placenta percreta as a conservative surgical alternative to peripartum hysterectomy. It consists of following 3 steps:1. Perioperative placental localization and delivery of fetus via transverse uterine incisio... | 3,537 | medmcqa_train |
Routine second look endoscopy in the setting of non variceal upper GI bleeding is recommended in patients with: | Routine second look endoscopy in the setting of non variceal upper GI bleeding is recommended in patients with Patients who had an incomplete initial endoscopic examination Patients with clinically significant rebleeding Patients who are treated with epinephrine injection alone Ref: Sleisenger and Fordtran's, E-9, P-29... | 3,538 | medmcqa_train |
Most common paranasal sinus involved by Fibrous dysplasia is? | ANSWER: (A) Maxillary sinusREF: Ballenger's Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surge by James Byron Snow, PhillipA. Wackym, John Jacob Ballenge centennial ed p. 506Indirect repeat ENT 2012 Session 1 (see details of Fibrous dysplasia)See APPENDIX-49 "PARANASAL SINUSES" APPENDIX - 49Paranasal Sinuses:Paranasalsinus(PNS)S... | 3,539 | medmcqa_train |
A child is spinned around by holding his hand by his father. While doing this the child started crying and does not allow his father to touch his elbow. The diagnosis is - | This is case of pulled elbow and a dramatic cure is achieved by forcefully supinating and then flexing the elbow. | 3,540 | medmcqa_train |
A 40 yr old male has a rash over groin with demarcated peripheral scaling and central clearing. It could be due to: September 2005 | Ans. C: Trichophyton Tinea cruris, a pruritic superficial fungal infection of the groin and adjacent skin, is the second most common clinical presentation for dermatophytosis The most common etiologic agents for tinea cruris include Trichophyton rubrum and Epidermophyton floccosum; less commonly Trichophyton mentagroph... | 3,541 | medmcqa_train |
Drug used for penile erection - | Ans. is'd'i.e., All of the above[Ref KDT fl/e p. 303-304 6 &/e p. 296; Katzung LLth/e p. 197)Drugs used in erectile dysfunctionPhosphodiesterase-S inhibitors (Sildenafil, Todafil, Vardenafil)Alprostadil (Prostaglandin El) | 3,542 | medmcqa_train |
pH of vagina in pregnancy is - | Ans-A i.e., 4.5 Physiological chanses in vaeina durine pres nancy:o The vaginal walls become hypertrophied, edematous and more vascular.o Increased blood supply to venous plexus surrounding the was Us gives bluish colouration of the mucosa jacquemier's sign).o The length of the anterior vaginal wall is increased.o The ... | 3,543 | medmcqa_train |
Drug of choice of trachoma is- | 1. Topical therapy regimes. It is best for individual cases. It consists of 1 percent tetracycline or 1 percent erythromycin eye ointment 4 times a day for 6 weeks or 20 percent sulfacetamide eye drops three times a day along with 1 percent tetracycline eye ointment at bed time for 6 weeks. 2.Systemic therapy regimes. ... | 3,544 | medmcqa_train |
In maple syrup disease, the amino acids excreted in urine are, EXCEPT: | Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD), or branched-chain ketoaciduria, is caused by a deficiency in activity of the branched-chain -keto acid dehydrogenase Inborn error of metabolism of valine leucine and isoleucine associated with gross mental deficiency. Branched chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase is located in the inner... | 3,545 | medmcqa_train |
The difference between leukemia and leukemoid reaction is done by - | Leukemoid reaction is defined as a reactive excessive leukocytosis in peripheral blood resembling that of leukemia in a subject who doesnot have leukemia. Leucocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) score in the cytoplasm of mature neutrophils is high in leukaemoid reaction whereas reduced in CML .It is very useful to disting... | 3,546 | medmcqa_train |
A 32 year old woman presents with complaints of several months of burning substernal chest pain exacerbated by large meals, cigarettes, and caffeine. Her symptoms are worse when she lies on her back, especially when sleeping at night. Antacids often improve her symptoms. This patient is at risk for which of the followi... | This woman likely suffers from reflux esophagitis, a condition in which the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) does not adequately prevent acidic gastric contents from refluxing back into the distal esophagus. Most commonly, there is a defect in the LES mechanism itself, in addition to secondary causes such as pregnancy ... | 3,547 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following anticholinergic is used for peptic ulcer disease | Pirenzepine is a M1 receptor antagonist.
Acetyl choline acts on M1 receptors present on gastric glands to increase acid secretion and Pirenzepine is used to treat peptic ulcer disease by blocking these receptors. | 3,548 | medmcqa_train |
A pt. presents with hematuria of several days and dysmorphic RBC casts in urine. The site of origin is : | Ans. is 'a' ie kidney " Isolated microscopic hematuria can be a manifestation of glomerular disease. The RBCs of glomerular origin are often dysmorphic."" Hematuria with dysmorphic RBCs, RBC casts and protein excretion > 500 mg/day is virtually diagnostic of glomerulonephritis."SoDysmorphic RBCs - origin is kidney*RBCs... | 3,549 | medmcqa_train |
All cause brain lesions except | (A) Giardiasis # G. lamblia is seen typically within the crypts in duodenum> It does not invade tissues, but remains tightly attached by means of the sucking disc to the epithelial surface in the duodenum and jejunum.> The diarrhoea in some cases may be steatorrhoeic with excess mucus and fat, but no blood.> Children m... | 3,550 | medmcqa_train |
Commonest cause of raised serum calcium is - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Parathyroid adenoma o Primary hyperparathyroidism is the most common cause of hypercalcemia overall. o The frequency of the various parathyroid lesions underlying the hyperfunction is as follows : ? Parathyroid adenoma - 75% to 80% Primary hyperplasia - 10% to 15% Parathyroid carcinoma- < 5% o After h... | 3,551 | medmcqa_train |
MAC stands for | Minimum alveolar concentration is defined as the alveolar concentration of an inhaled anesthetic agent that prevents movement in 50% of patients in response to a standardized surgical stimulus. Low MAC - High potency MAC values of adult Halothane: 0.75 Sevoflurane: 2.0 Isoflurane: 1.2 Desflurane: 6.0 Enflurane: 1.7 Xen... | 3,552 | medmcqa_train |
Hecht's pneumonia is a complication of | Hecht's pneumonia is a giant cell pneumonia in immunodeficient people,rare complication of measles. | 3,553 | medmcqa_train |
Suicide is most common in - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Depression Causes/Risk factors for suicidePsychiatric disorders : - Depression (most common), alcoholism (2nd me), Drug/Substance dependence, Schizophrenia, Dementia.Physical illness : - Cancer, AIDS, Multiple sclerosis, Head trauma.Psychosocial factors : - Failure in love, marital difficulties, famil... | 3,554 | medmcqa_train |
Most of the drug resistance occurs due to:(1996) | Ans: d | 3,555 | medmcqa_train |
In leprosy which of the following is not seen – a) Abnormal EMGb) Voluntary muscle wastingc) Decreased proprioceptiond) Decreased response to tactile sensatione) Increased response to tactile sensation | Muscle deficit (voluntary muscle wasting) results in abnormal EMG.
There is decreased response to tactile stimulation (not increased).
Proprioception and vibration is not affected as leprosy spares posterior column | 3,556 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following antitussive can lead to hallucinations | Dextromethorphan is a NMDA antagonist used for Mild cough, which can lead to hallucination & addiction. | 3,557 | medmcqa_train |
A 19-year-old fell from a cliff when he was hiking in the mountains. He broke his fall by grasping a tree branch, but he suffered injury to the C8-T1 spinal nerve roots. Sensory tests would thereafter confirm the nature of his neurologic injury by the sensory loss in the part of the limb supplied by which of the follow... | In a lesion of the lower trunk, or the C8 and T1 nerve roots, there is sensory loss on the medial forearm and the medial side of hand (dorsal and ventral). The medial cord is the extension of the lower trunk. The medial cord gives origin to the medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve, which supplies the T1 dermatome of the... | 3,558 | medmcqa_train |
Integrity of the optic nerve is tested by except : | Electroretinography (ERG) measures the electrical response of the retina to flashes of light, the flash electroretinogram, or to a reversing checkerboard stimulus, the pattern ERG (PERG).All other test in the option tests the integrity of optic nerve. Perimetry or Tangent Screen examination is used to examine the centr... | 3,559 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following cardiac complications may develop in a 33 year old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) because of her underlying condition? | Libman-Sacks endocarditis affects patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Small granular vegetations consisting of fibrin develop on the undersurface of the leaflets of mitral and aoic valves. Fragments of vegetations may detach, resulting in embolism. Eventually, vegetations heal by organization of fibrin an... | 3,560 | medmcqa_train |
Which is the first country in south east Asia to have eliminated trachoma? | 21 May 2018 - The World Health Organization (WHO) has validated Nepal for having eliminated trachoma as a public health problem - a milestone, as the country becomes the first in WHO's South-East Asia Region to defeat the world's leading infectious cause of blindness. Several criteria are used to assess a country's cla... | 3,561 | medmcqa_train |
One of the following is a sure sign of rape : | C i.e. Semen in fornix in a girl < 14 years | 3,562 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following bases are present in DNA, EXCEPT: | DNA contains only four different bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T), and cytosine (C). DNA exists as a double helix in which A is always paired with T, and G is always paired with C. RNA contains the ribonucleotides of adenine, guanine, and cytosine, it does not possess thymine. Instead of thymine, RNA contai... | 3,563 | medmcqa_train |
An auto rickshaw ran over a child's thigh, there is a mark of the tyre tracks, it is an example of: AIIMS 10 | Ans. Patterned abrasion | 3,564 | medmcqa_train |
Dilantain (Phenytoin) is known to cause: | Folic acid deficiency | 3,565 | medmcqa_train |
All the following muscles have dual nerve supply except | 1) Flexor digitorum profundus is supplied by - (i) Medial half by ulnar nerve and Lateral half by anterior interosseous nerve(C8 , T1) ( branch of median nerve ). 2)Subscapularis is supplied by - Upper and lower subscapular nerves ( C5 , C6 ). 3) pectoralis major is supplied by - Medial and lateral pectoral nerves. 4)p... | 3,566 | medmcqa_train |
Essential atrophy of choroid is due to inborn error of metabolism of amino acid: | Ans. Ornithine E Lysine | 3,567 | medmcqa_train |
The interior of right atrium is partially divided into two parts by - | Right atrium is divided into rough anterior and smooth posterior parts by crista terminalis. | 3,568 | medmcqa_train |
Anterolateral avulsion fracture of the distal tibial physis is known as - | Two unusual injuries of the growing ankle are the Tillaux fracture and the notorious triplane fracture. The TILLAUX fracture is an avulsion of a fragment of tibia by the anterior tibiofibular ligament; in the child or adolescent this fragment is the lateral pa of the epiphysis and the injury is therefore a Salter-Harri... | 3,569 | medmcqa_train |
Swimmer after coming out frm swimming pool presents with redness and mucopurulent discharge. There is no history of contact lens wear. On examination, no corneal involvement seen. Probable diagnosis is - | This is case of Swimming pool conjunctivits/granuloma-Which is adult inclusion conjunctivitis caused by chlamydia trachomatis. Ref: Khurana 7th/e p.73 & 4th/e p.63,68 | 3,570 | medmcqa_train |
Normal paogram include all of the following EXCEPT: March 2013 | Ans. A i.e. Cervical dilatation in X-axis Chas Paogram is: - Graphical representation of stages of labour; - Assessment of labour Cervicograph is: Graph showing relationship between cervical dilatation & labour | 3,571 | medmcqa_train |
Growth of C diphtheriae in Tellurite agar occurs in - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., 1-2 days * The usual media employed for cultivation of diphtheria bacillus are:-1) Loeffler's serum slope# It is used for rapid diagnosis as growth is shown within 4-8 hours.2) Tellurite blood agar (Tinsdale medium)# It acts as selective media, as tellurite inhibits growth of most other bacteria.# Gro... | 3,572 | medmcqa_train |
Aspergillus causes all except | Dermatophytosis is caused by dermatophytes, which includes Microsporum, Trichophyton and Epidermophyton. Ref: Textbook of Microbiology, Ananthanarayan and Paniker; 9th edition | 3,573 | medmcqa_train |
The most commonly employed method for superficial, minimally invasive nodular Basal cell carcinoma (BCC)? | All given options are used for Rx of BCC, but Electro-desiccation and curettage (ED&C) is most commonly employed method for superficial, minimally invasive nodular BCCs and low-risk tumors. Wide local excision is selected for invasive, ill-defined, and more aggressive sub types of tumors, or for cosmetic reasons. Mohs ... | 3,574 | medmcqa_train |
Regarding antibiotics true are | In clean contaminated surgeries (ex : gastric) , Prophylactic antibiotics are used In contaminated surgeries , lke colorectal surgeries prophylactic antibiotics are used | 3,575 | medmcqa_train |
Used for averting smoking habit is - | Antismoking drugs are :- Vareniciline, Bupropion, Amfebutamone, Clonidine, Rimonabant, Topiramate, Nortryptyline, Glucose, Mecamylamine. | 3,576 | medmcqa_train |
Tick transmits all except - | Chaga's disease: It is transmitted by reduviid bugs.They are also called conenose bugs, they are of large size. Adults have wings. These bugs live exclusively on the blood of animals including man and transmit Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chaga's disease. Ticks are ectoparasites of veebrate animals. They t... | 3,577 | medmcqa_train |
The dorsal pa of the ventral mesogastrium forms(2018) | The lesser omentum is formed by two layers of peritoneum separated by a variable amount of connective tissue and fat. It is derived from the ventral mesogastrium. Ref:- Gray's anatomy, pg num:- 1101 | 3,578 | medmcqa_train |
Antigaucomatous drug causing spasm of accommodation | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Pilocarpine Ocular side effects of topical agents for POAG 13-blocker: Allergic blepheroconjunctivitis, corneal hyposthesia, blurred vision, dry eye, superficial punctate keratitis. Cholinomietics (pilocarpine): Blurred vision, miosis, accommodative spasm, browache. Sympathomimetics Non-selective (Dip... | 3,579 | medmcqa_train |
Increasing number of services in rural areas is a pa of - | Ref: 25th Ed K.Park's Textbook Of Preventive and Social Medicine | 3,580 | medmcqa_train |
Placenta accreta is associated with all except : | Risk factors for placenta accreta : Present placenta pre Previous H/o cesarean section Previous curettage Previous manual removal of placenta Previously treated Asherman syndrome Myomectomy Multiparity Advanced age Ref: Datta Obs 9e pg 394. | 3,581 | medmcqa_train |
Recurrent dislocations are least commonly seen in: | Complete dislocation of Ankle is rare because the talus cannot be completely dislocated from the joint unless all ligaments are torn. Recurrent ankle instability following ligamentous injury may be seen, but such instability is not associated with frank dislocations (although subluxation of joint may be seen). Ref: Cam... | 3,582 | medmcqa_train |
Ectopic ACTH is commonly secreted by: September 2007 | Ans. A: Small cell carcinoma of the lungs Endogenous Cushing's syndrome results from some derangement of the body's own system of secreting coisol. Normally, ACTH is released from the pituitary gland when necessary to stimulate the release of coisol from the adrenal glands. In pituitary Cushing's, a benign pituitary ad... | 3,583 | medmcqa_train |
Pearl's index indicates: | Ans. is c, i.e. Contraceptive failureRef: Dutta Obs 6th/ed, p532-532Pearl index indicates the effectiveness of a contraceptive or is an index of contraception failure.* It is expressed in terms of "failure rate per hundred women - years of exposure (HWY)".* Failure rate per HWY=No.ofpatientsobservedxmonthsofuseTotalacc... | 3,584 | medmcqa_train |
drug transpo mechanisms include | Ref-KDT 7/e p11-13 drugs are transpoed across the membrane by passive diffusion and filtration specialized transpo | 3,585 | medmcqa_train |
Which can be used in pregnancy? | Propylthiouracil is used for hyperthyroidism during pregnancy.
ACE inhibitors and Losartan should be avoided during pregnancy.
ACE inhibitors can cause fetal renal tubular dysplasia when used in second and third trimester leading to oligohydramnios,
fetal limb contractures, craniofacial deformities and hypoplastic lung... | 3,586 | medmcqa_train |
Frequency of renal involvement in HSP ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 40-60%The repoed incidence of renal involvement in HSP varies considerably between different studies.o This may be because of the different criteria used to describe the involvement & the variability of the length used to follow up.o In different studies incidence of pediatric renal involvement in HSP... | 3,587 | medmcqa_train |
A 23-year-old woman consults an obstetrician because of the onset of vaginal bleeding in what she considers to be the fifth month of pregnancy; however, examination reveals the uterus to be enlarged to the size of a 7-month pregnancy. Intravaginal ultrasound fails to detect a fetal heabeat and instead shows a "snowstor... | Hydatidiform mole should be suspected when the uterus is enlarged beyond the expected size for the time of the pregnancy. HCG is markedly elevated in this gestational trophoblastic disease. H. mole on ultrasound shows a "snowstorm pattern ". Preeclampsia and eclampsia are forms of toxemia of pregnancy marked by severe ... | 3,588 | medmcqa_train |
The most common histologic type of thyroid cancer is | Papillary carcinoma accounts for 80% of all thyroid malignancies in iodine-sufficient areas and is the predominant thyroid cancer in children and individuals exposed to external radiation." The incidence of primary malignant tumours of the thyroid gland Also, remember - Thyroid carcinoma is the most common malignancy o... | 3,589 | medmcqa_train |
Not true about right kidney is: | Ans. (a) Right kidney is preferred over the left for transplantationLeft Kidney is preferred over the right kidney - Reasons:* Left kidney is chosen for its long renal vein which makes surgery easier.* Right kidney is related with duodenum.* Right kidney is lower than left kidney. | 3,590 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are true regarding Down's Syndrome EXCEPT; | Down's syndrome (Trisomy 21): Mental retardation Epicanthic folds and flat facial profile Simian's crease Umblical hernia Hypotonia Gap between first and second toe Congenital hea defects | 3,591 | medmcqa_train |
A 49 yr old male with a 35-pack-year history of smoking presents with a painless left scrotal mass. Examination revealed microscopic hematuria, absence of AFP and LDH. The most probable cause of the scrotal mass is: | Ans is 'b' i.e. Renal cell ca History of smoking suggests either Ca lung or Renal cell ca. Microscopic hematuria ors RCC. The painless left scrotal mass can be metastasis from RCC to the scrotum (which is rare but several cases have been repoed) or the mass could be varicocele. A secondary varicocele can be caused by c... | 3,592 | medmcqa_train |
Which personality disorder/s can be a pa of autistic sPectrum of disorders? | Ans. D. All the aboveFollowing personality disorders can be diagnosed later in life in patients with childhood autistic spectrum of disorders: Borderline, Obsessive compulsive, narcissitic, paranoid, schizotypical and, avoidant, personality. | 3,593 | medmcqa_train |
Principal cell in granuloma is | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Histiocyte Granuloma is characteristic ofgranulomatous inflammation. o The major cell of granuloma is epitheloid cell which is a modified tissue macrophage (histiocyte) that has been transformed into epithelium like cell. | 3,594 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not seen in ARDS? | Ref: Harrison's 18/e p2206, 17/e p1680,1681 | 3,595 | medmcqa_train |
Calcitonin is used in all of the following conditions, EXCEPT: | The ability of calcitonin to block bone resorption and lower serum calcium makes it a useful drug for the treatment of Paget's disease, hypercalcemia, and osteoporosis. Fanconi syndrome is a disease of the proximal renal tubules of the kidney in which glucose, amino acids, uric acid, phosphate and bicarbonate are passe... | 3,596 | medmcqa_train |
"Microsomia" is defined as | A neonate whose weight falls between the 10th and <90th percentile for gestational age is considered as Appropriate for gestational age (AGA). If the weight falls below the 10th percentile, the neonate is classified as Small for gestational age (SGA) or microsomic. If the weight falls at or above the 90th percentile, t... | 3,597 | medmcqa_train |
1. Which does not pass through the aoic opening(2018) | The aoic hiatus trans- mits the aoa, thoracic duct, lymphatic trunks from the lower posterior thoracic wall and, sometimes, the azygos and hemiazygos veins | 3,598 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following drug is given unsupervised as per National Health Programmes ? | Dapsone is not required to be given under supervision . Under NLEP, Rifampicin and Clofazimine are given under supervision for both Multibacillary and Paucibacillary Leprosy. Rifampicin is given 600 mg once a month under supervision. Clofazimine is given 300 mg once a month under supervision and 50 mg daily unsupervise... | 3,599 | medmcqa_train |
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