query stringlengths 1 1.57k | pos stringlengths 1 22.5k | idx int64 0 161k | task_name stringclasses 1
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Characteristic features of a lesion in the lateral part of the medulla include all except - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Contralateral loss of proprioception to the body and limbs | 5,500 | medmcqa_train |
Peripheral blood smear in Plasmodium falciparum infection may show all of the following except- | Examination of Giemsa-stained peripheral blood smear is the standard test for the diagnosis of malarial infection. Classic ring-shaped/headphone-shaped trophozoites,malegamates,female gamates are seen in case of Plasmodium falciparum infection. Ref Harrison20th edition pg 1078 | 5,501 | medmcqa_train |
Main vascular supply of Little's area is all, except | The anteroinferior pa or vestibule of the septum contains anastomoses between the septal ramus of the superior labial branch of the facial aery, branch of sphenopalatine aery, greater palatine and of anterior ethmoidal aery. These form a large capillary network called kiesselbachs plexus. This is a common site of bleed... | 5,502 | medmcqa_train |
Active agent of cannabis resemble which endogenous compound | Anandamide is a neurotransmitter produced in the brain that binds to the THC receptors. It's been called the "bliss molecule," aptly named after ananda, the Sanskrit word for "joy, bliss, or happiness." It is considered an endocannabinoid -- a substance produced in the body that binds to cannabinoid receptors Ref: guyt... | 5,503 | medmcqa_train |
All are vector born diseases except ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Brucella In vector born diseases, an ahropad or any living carrier acts as a vector and transpos an infectious agent to susceptible individual. KFD, JE, and plague are transmitted by ahropods. | 5,504 | medmcqa_train |
All are true regarding CMV except - | Acyclovir is useful in prophylaxis but not in treatment. Ganciclovir and foscarnet have been found to be effective and are used in patients with AIDS. REF:ANANTHANARAYAN AND PANIKER'S TEXTBOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 9TH EDITION PAGE NO:474 | 5,505 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not seen in chronic renal failure: September 2010 | Ans. C: Hypophosphatemia CKD (Chronic kidney disease) is initially without specific symptoms and can only be detected as an increase in serum creatinine or protein in the urine. As the kidney function decreases: Blood pressure is increased due to fluid overload and production of vasoactive hormones, increasing one's ri... | 5,506 | medmcqa_train |
Carotid aery stenosis in -vivo screening choice is | Most carotid imaging is now performed with Doppler ultrasound, CTA, MRA performed without exogenous contrast injection such as 2- or 3-dimensional time-of-flight (TOF) methods or contrast-enhanced MRA (CEMRA) performed dynamically after an intravenous bolus of gadolinium-based contrast.CEMRA is the most accurate method... | 5,507 | medmcqa_train |
True statement about inheritence of an X linked recessive trait is - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 50% of boys of carrier mother are affected | 5,508 | medmcqa_train |
Most common cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage is:- | MC cause of subarachnoid hemorrhage : Trauma > Spontaneous rupture of Berry Aneurysm | 5,509 | medmcqa_train |
True about 1gM: | Activates complement | 5,510 | medmcqa_train |
True regarding GERD is all except - | Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease Gastro-oesophageal reflux resulting in heaburn affects approximately 30% of the general population. Pathophysiology Occasional episodes of gastro-oesophageal reflux are common in healthy individuals. Reflux is normally followed by oesophageal peristaltic waves that efficiently clear th... | 5,511 | medmcqa_train |
Abductor of the larynx is: | Abduction (opening) of the vocal folds: The posterior cricoarytenoid muscles pull the muscular processes posteriorly, rotating the vocal processes laterally and thus widening the rims glottides. Adduction (closing) of the vocal folds : The lateral cricoarytenoid muscles pull the muscular processes anteriorly, rotating ... | 5,512 | medmcqa_train |
A patient died during surgery. The relatives allege that death was due to negligence, According to a recent Supreme Court judgment, doctor can be charged for Medical Negligence under section 304-A, only if: | Ans. c. There is gross negligence (Ref: Reddy 33/e, p40, 29/e p34)A physician can be charged with criminal negligence in Section 304 A, when a patient dies from the effects of anesthesia during, an operation or other kind of treatment, if it can be proved that the death was the result if malicious intention, or gross n... | 5,513 | medmcqa_train |
Kala azar is spread by - | Kala azar or visceral leishmaniasis is a protozoal disease.It is transmited from person to person by bite of female Phlebotomus argentipus.Transmission also occurs by contamination of bite wound or by crushing the insect during act of feeding.it may transmit by blood transfusion also. C/f : fever,splenomegaly,hepatomeg... | 5,514 | medmcqa_train |
In which of the following condition is OCP contraindicated ? | ABSOLUTE CONTRAINDICATIONS OF OCP: *Known or suspected breast cancer *Severe hyperiglyceridemia/hypercholestrolemia *Undiagnosed vaginal bleeding *Thrombophlebitis/thromboembolism , cerebral and cardiac disorders *Pregnancy *Hypeension (moderate to severe) *Impaired liver RELATIVE CONTRAINDICATIONS OF OCP: *Migraine wi... | 5,515 | medmcqa_train |
Polio virus is shed in stool up to - | - the polio is transmitted by faecal oral route by contaminmates food , water or hands. - in faeces, the virus is excreted as long as 3-4 months. Reference : Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine, 23rd edition, pg no:205 <\p> | 5,516 | medmcqa_train |
During normal conversation sound heard at 1meter distance is | At a distance of 1 m , intensity of Whisper - 30 dB Normal conversation - 60 dB Shout - 90 dB Discomfo of the ear - 120 dB Pain in the ear - 130 dB Ref: Dhingra 7e pg 21. | 5,517 | medmcqa_train |
Wagon wheel effect is due to: | When buccal crown torque is incorporated in the wire, the roots of anterior teeth tend to converge towards centre like spokes of wheel. It has been often called wagon wheel effect. Following final space closure required torque is attained by incorporation of active root torque in the anterior segment. Due to wagon whee... | 5,518 | medmcqa_train |
Macula densa in kidney is located in relation to - | B i.e. DCT | 5,519 | medmcqa_train |
Griseofulvin is not useful in one of the following: | Ans. (C) Tinea versicolor(Ref: CMDT -2010/110)Griseofulvin is used for dermatophytoses including Tinea capitis, Tinea cruris, Tinea pedis, Tinea unguum and Tinea corporis etc.Tinea versicolor is caused by a yeast Malassezia furfur. It is treated by selenium sulfide and ketoconazole shampoo. | 5,520 | medmcqa_train |
Drugs used for prophylaxis in BPD -a) Chlorpromazineb) Lithiumc) Carbamazepined) Zolpideme) Sodium valproate | Three drugs are commonly used for maintenance treatment to prevent recurrence of BPD:- Lithium (DOC), Valproate, and Carbanzezapine. Topiramate and Gabapentine can also be used. | 5,521 | medmcqa_train |
Urachus fistula is a remanant of ? | Urachus fistula is a remnant of allantoic diveiculum If patent urachus in adults, urine dribbles from umbilicus known as wheeping umbilicus Inderbir Singh's Human embryology Pg 97 | 5,522 | medmcqa_train |
The odontogenic neoplasm, which is composed of loose, primitive-appearing connective tissue that resembles dental pulp, microscopically is known as _____. | Odontogenic myxomas are connective tissue neoplasms that contain little collagen. This gives them an embryonic look microscopically | 5,523 | medmcqa_train |
Food poisoning is an example of: | 1. Point source epidemic ( single exposure ) Sudden rise sudden fall. Cluster of cases in single IP. All cases develop within one incubation period of the disease E.g. Food poisoning , Bhopal gas tragedy. 2. Common source , continuous or repeated exposure epidemics Sharp rise Fall is interrupted by secondary peaks Eg. ... | 5,524 | medmcqa_train |
Stemmer's sign is | Skin over the dorsum of foot cannot be pinched because of subcutaneous fibrosis in filariasis = STEMMER'S SIGN. | 5,525 | medmcqa_train |
Which muscle of larynx is not supplied by recurrent laryngeal nerve - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Cricothyroid o All intrinsic muscles are supplied by the reccurrent laryngeal nerve except cricothyroid which is supplied by the external laryngeal nerve.Nerve supply of larynxo The main cranial nerve innervating the larynx is the vagus nerve via its branches; superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) and recurr... | 5,526 | medmcqa_train |
SEPS is a procedure used for : | Subfascial Endoscopic Perforator Vein Surgery (SEPS) SEPS is a new endoscopic technique for the management of chronic venous insufficiency due to incompetent perforator veins. SEPS involves inseion of a rigid endoscope through the skin and superficial fascia to a plane above the muscle, such that perforator veins are v... | 5,527 | medmcqa_train |
Deficiency of which of the following vitamin is most commonly seen in sho bowel syndrome with ileal resection: | Answer is A (Vitamin B12) Cyanocobalarnine (Vitamin B12) deficiency is the most common deficiency in patients with sho bowel syndrome associated with loss of ileum (ileal resection) since vitamin B12 is absorbed only in the ileum. `Cyanocobalamine (Vitamin B12) is the most common deficiency and occurs predictably after... | 5,528 | medmcqa_train |
A 30 year old G1P1001 patient comes to see you In office at 37 weeks gestational age for her routine OB visit. Her 1st pregnancy resulted in a vaginal delivery of a 9-lb, 8-02 baby boy after 30 minutes of pushing. On doing Leopold maneuvers during this office visit codetermine ttwt the fetus is breech. Vaginal exam dem... | definite indications for elective Caesarean section all complicated breech pregnancy Contracted or borderline pelvis Large babies Severe IUGR Hyper extension of fetal head Footling or knee presentation Previous Caesarean section Lack of an obstetrician experienced in assisted breech delivery can also be considered an i... | 5,529 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is true regarding lattice formation? | Marrack proposed the lattice hypothesis to explain the mechanism of precipitation. Precipitation results when a large lattice is formed consisting of alternating antigen and antibody molecules. This is possible only in the zone of equivalence. The lattice hypothesis holds good for agglutination also.Ref: Ananthanarayan... | 5,530 | medmcqa_train |
Calcium channel blockers are used in all except | Calcium channel blockers prevent calciumfrom entering cells of the hea and blood vessel walls, resulting in lower blood pressure. Calcium channel blockers, also called calcium antagonists, relax and widen blood vessels by affecting the muscle cells in the aerial walls Refer kDT 6/e p 502,551 | 5,531 | medmcqa_train |
A patient presented with abdominal pain, jaundice and melena. The diagnosis is | Clinical features of Hemobilia Characterised by Quinck's triad (Sandblom's triad) : GI hemorrhage +biliary colic +jaundice Presentation: Melena (90 %), hemetemesis (60%), biliary colic (70%), and jaundice (60%). Tendency for delayed presentation (upto weeks) and recurrent brisk but limited bleeding over months and even... | 5,532 | medmcqa_train |
Diabetes mellitus is associated with all except - | Ref -researchgate.net | 5,533 | medmcqa_train |
AFP is raised in all except: | As we have discussed earlier – AFP levels are raised in :
Under estimated gestational age
Decreased liqour
Decreased birth weight of infant and decreased maternal weight
IUD
Multifetal pregnancy (The amount of AFP entering the maternal circulation is proportional to the number of fetuses).
Defects which permit more re... | 5,534 | medmcqa_train |
Treatment objective for serial extraction: | Benefits of Serial Extraction
Serial extraction guides or encourages eruption of permanent teeth in a favorable position.
Reduces malposition of individual teeth.
Avoids loss of labial alveolar bone.
Reduces treatment time when active orthodontic treatment is required.
Textbook of ORTHODONTICS Sridhar Premkumar | 5,535 | medmcqa_train |
Kwashiorkor is similar to marasmus in that both diseases have | Both marasmus and kwashiorkor are associated with anemia.
Marasmus is characterized by a low calorie intake. Dietary deficiencies are compensated for by the breakdown of protein and fats. Key findings include:
Growth failure, Alertness, Hunger, Monkey-like appearance , Broomstick extremities , Muscle wasting, Mild ane... | 5,536 | medmcqa_train |
In varicocele surgery, venous drainage is done by: | Treatment* High inguinal ligation (near deep ring) of pampiniform plexus of veins* Microvascular sub inguinal ligation (best results)* Palomo's operation: ligation of Left Gonadal Vein in retroperitoneum * Alternative venous drainage cremasteric veins | 5,537 | medmcqa_train |
Ventouse is contraindicated in all except : | Anemia | 5,538 | medmcqa_train |
Cholangiocarcinoma ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Opistorchissinensis infectionCholangiocarcinomaCholangiocarcinoma is malignancy of the biliary tree, arising from bile ducts within or outside the liver.Risk factors : -Primary sclerosing cholangitisCongenital fibropolycystic disease of the biliary system (caroli disease, choledochal cyst).Exposure to... | 5,539 | medmcqa_train |
Hormone responsible for decidual reaction and arias Stella reaction in ectopic pregnancy is - | Hormone responsible for decidual reaction and arias Stella reaction in Ectopic as well as Intrauterine pregnancy is Progesterone Arias stella reaction is the localized hypersecretory endometrium seen in ectopic pregnancy. | 5,540 | medmcqa_train |
Treatment of erythematous skin rash with multiple pus lakes in a pregnant woman is: | A i.e. Coicosteroids | 5,541 | medmcqa_train |
|A 65-year-old male complains of severe back pain and inability to move his left lower limb. Radiographic studies demonstrate the compression of nerve elements at the intervertebral foramen between vertebrae L5 and S1. Which structure is most likely responsible for this space-occupying lesion? | Compression of nerves at the intervertebral foramen indicates a disk herniation. A disk herniation is characterized by protrusion of the nucleus pulposus from the anulus fibrosus posterolaterally into the spinal canal or intervertebral foramen. The ligaments may be affected by the herniation but are not responsible for... | 5,542 | medmcqa_train |
A patient presents with a unilateral ca breast of 4 cm size with skin ulceration involving the nipple. On palpation axillary lymph nodes are positive. Management would involve: | Here this patient is having Stage III disease (T4, N1 or N2, M0) according to the TNM table given above. Hence the management would be - Neoadjuvant chemotherapy + MRM + adjuvant radiation therapy + chemotherapy + antiestrogen therapy | 5,543 | medmcqa_train |
Following changes are seen during capacitation of a sperms except ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Decreased permeability to calcium Capacitation of sperm (spermatozoa) Spermatozoa leaving the testis (seminiferous ubules) are not fully mobile. They continue their maturation and acquire their mobility during their passage through epididymis. From epididymis they come to vas deference, distal end of ... | 5,544 | medmcqa_train |
Which among the following statement regarding skeletal and cardiac muscle is false | Ans: c (Both have graded contraction) Ref: Ganong 22nd ed/p.79Cardiac action potentialAction potential can be defined as the sequence of changes in the membrane potential in an excitable cell due to opening and closure of differention channels after application of a threshold stimulus.Phases of action potentialPhase 0 ... | 5,545 | medmcqa_train |
A high tracheostomy may be indicated in- | “It is important (in tracheostomy) to refrain from causing any damage in the region of cricoid cartilage.
An exception to this rule is when a patient has laryngeal malignancy and under these circumstances tracheostomy should be placed high so as to allow resection of tracheostomy site at the time of laryngectomy”.
“ T... | 5,546 | medmcqa_train |
A 67 year male smoker presents with haemoptysis and cough. Brochoscopic biopsy revealed undifferented tumour. The immunohistochemical marker that can be most helpful is: | Cytokeratin | 5,547 | medmcqa_train |
A 74-year-old man has a 5-hour elective operation for repair of an abdominal aoic aneurysm. He had a small myocardial infarction 3 years earlier. In the ICU on the first postoperative day, he is hypotensive and is receiving dobutamine by continuous infusion.select the best method of physiologic monitoring necessary for... | This patient requires pulmonary aery catheter readings to allow his physicians to assess his volume status and need for ongoing inotropic suppo. Fuhermore, the patient continues to be hypotensive and requires fuher investigation as to the etiology that would subsequently dictate treatment (volume, afterload reduction, ... | 5,548 | medmcqa_train |
Deficiency of the ' Intrinsic factor of Castle ' causes- | Pernicious anemia is a chronic disease resulting from deficiency of Intrinsic factor leading to impaired absorption of Vitamin B12. Megaloblastic anemia is due to deficiency of Cobalamin/folate. Reference: Atlas and text of Hematology, 3rd edition, pg:102. Exam preparatory manual for UGs by Ramdas Nayak page no: 259 | 5,549 | medmcqa_train |
Which is true about central retinal aery? | The central aery of the retina -It is an end aery. It does not have effective anastomoses with other aeries. Occlusion of the aery results in blindness. The intraocular pa of the aery can be seen, in the living, through an ophthalmoscope. Ref : B D Chaurasia's Human Anatomy , seventh edition , volume 3 , pg. no.,216. | 5,550 | medmcqa_train |
In Citric acid cycle, which enzyme is inhibited by arsenite? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., a ketoglutarate DehydrogenaseArsenite binds to the sulfhydryl group and hence inhibits the activity of enzymes which have lipoamide in the active site, Hence Arsenite inhibits Pyruvate Dehydrogenase and a ketoglutarate dehydrogenase of citric acid cycle, It is an example for non competitive inhibition... | 5,551 | medmcqa_train |
Which steroid is formed from cholesterol without hydroxylation - | Cholesterol is first changed to form pregnenolone (common pathway). For this free cholesterol is released in the cytosol from cholesteryl esters of cytoplasmic lipid droplets and transferred into mitochondria. An enzyme called "cytochrome-P- 450-sidechain cleavage" enzyme (P450 sce) present in inner mitochondrial membr... | 5,552 | medmcqa_train |
Ohngren's line extends from- | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Medial canthus of eye to angle of mandible Qhngren's lineo In head and neck cancer, Ohngren's line is a line that connects the medial canthus of the eye to the angle of the mandibleo The line defines a plane orthogonal to a sagittal plane that divides the maxillary sinus into (1) an anterior-inferior ... | 5,553 | medmcqa_train |
Severity of mitral stenosis is determined by : | Since there is mitral stenosis, more time for blood to enter LV. Therefore, increased transient time, so increase duration of murmur of S1 sound can be loud or soft. If sound is soft it tells us about calcified mitral valves but not of severity | 5,554 | medmcqa_train |
Probiotics are useful for - | Probiotics are substances secreted by one organism which stimulates the growth of another.
Probiotics are useful in following conditions:
Rota virus diarrhea
Antibiotic associated diarrhea
Radiation induced diarrhea
Traveller’s diarrhea
Inflammatory bowel disease
Cancers | 5,555 | medmcqa_train |
A 28-year-old woman with type 1 diabetes presents to the clinic for evaluation of skin lesions on her leg. They are not painful or itchy and have developed gradually over time. There is no history of previous trauma to the site either.On physical examination the skin changes have a central depression and raised irregul... | Necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum is more frequent in females and may antedate other clinical signs and symptoms of diabetes. The plaques are round, firm, and reddish-brown to yellow in color. They most commonly involve the legs but can also involve the hands, arms, abdomen, and head. This in not a staphylococcal skin... | 5,556 | medmcqa_train |
The main function of Vitamin C in the body is - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Involvement as antioxidant Vitamin C ( Ascorbic acid)o Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) is also called antiscorbutic factor. It is very heat labile, especially in basic medium. Ascorbic acid itself is an active form. Maximum amount of vitamin C is found in adrenal cortex,o Ascorbic acid functions as a reduci... | 5,557 | medmcqa_train |
Action of superior oblique is following except - | Superior oblique causes intorsion (not extorsion). | 5,558 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following areas of brain is most resistant to Neurofibrillary tangles in Aizeimer's disease - | The lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN; also called the lateral geniculate body or lateral geniculate complex) is a relay center in the thalamus for the visual pathway. It receives a major sensory input from the retina. The LGN is the main central connection for the optic nerve to the occipital lobe, paicularly the primar... | 5,559 | medmcqa_train |
Amino acid required for formation of thyroxine- | Ans. is 'b' i.e.. Tyrosine o The term thyroid hormone denotes both thyroxine (T4) and triodothyronine (T3).o Both T4 and T are iodine derivatives of thyronine.o Thyronine is a condensation product of two molecules of amino acid tyrosine.o Thyroxine is 3, 5, 3', 5' - tetraiodothvronineandT, is 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine.o ... | 5,560 | medmcqa_train |
Minimal reabsorption from kidney is of - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Urea Renal handling of various plasma constrituents in a normal adult human on an average diet. Per 24 Hours SubstanceFitteredReabsorbedSecretedExcretedPercentage ReabsorbedNa+ (mEq)26,00025,850 15099.4K+(mEq)600560a5029093.3C1- (mEq)18,00017,850 15099.2HCO3-mEq)4,9004,900 0100Urea (mmol)870460 b 4105... | 5,561 | medmcqa_train |
Nagayama spots are seen in: | Nagayama spots: Roseola infantum Koplik spots- Measles Forchheimer spots- Rubella | 5,562 | medmcqa_train |
Cells affected in glaucomatous optic neuropathy are:(AIIMS May 2014, Nov 2013) | Ans. c. Ganglion cells (Ref: Parsons 21st/280-281; www.nebi nlm.nih.gov.57(4) Jul-Aug 2009)Cells most commonly affected in glaucomatous optic atrophy are ganglion cells."Absence of the ganglion cell and nerve fiber layers is a hallmark of glaucoma". Robbins 8/e p1328"Glaucoma, the second leading cause of blindness, is ... | 5,563 | medmcqa_train |
Miriam, a college student with acute rhinitis sees the campus nurse because of excessive nasal drainage. The nurse asks the patient about the colour of the drainage. In acute rhinitis, nasal drainage normally is: | Normally, nasal drainage in acute rhinitis is clear.
Yellow or green drainage indicates the spread of the infection to the sinuses.
Gray drainage may indicate a secondary infection. | 5,564 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is not seen in coronal CT paranasal sinuses? | ANSWER: (D) Frontoethmoid recessREF: Sutton 7th ed vol 2 page 1519-1522, Grainger 5th ed chapter 62See previous question | 5,565 | medmcqa_train |
After a 26-year-old man's car was roadsided by a large truck, he is brought to the emergency depament with multiple fractures of the transverse processes of the cervical and upper thoracic veebrae. Which of the following muscles might be affected? | The Levator Scapulae arise from the transverse processes of the Upper Cervical Veebrae and inses on the medial border of the Scapula. The other muscles are attached to the Spinous Processes of the Veebrae. | 5,566 | medmcqa_train |
At what size of mean gestational sac diameter measured on TVS with no embryonic pole is labelled as 'Anembryonic Gestation' - | An intrauterine gestational sac is reliably visualized with transvaginalsonography by 5 weeks, and an embryo with cardiac activity by 6 weeks The embryo should be visible transvaginally once the mean sac diameter hasreached 25 mm--otherwise the gestation is anembryonic. Cardiac motion isusually visible with transvagina... | 5,567 | medmcqa_train |
The typical appearance of "spider leg" on excretory urography is seen in: | Diagnosis USG: Enlarged kidney with uniformly medullary echogenicity. IVP in ADPKD Stretching of the calyces by the cysts (spider leg or ball like deformity. Bubble appearance (calyceal distoion) Swiss cheese appearance. CT scan is IOC in ADPKD | 5,568 | medmcqa_train |
All take place in mitochondria except | Ans. is 'b' i.e. EMP pathway Embedem Meyerhof Parnas (EMP) pathway or glycolysis occurs in cytosolFor rest see above question | 5,569 | medmcqa_train |
The aerial supply of duodenum is / are derived from ? | The duodenum develops paly from the foregut and paly from the midgut. The opening of the bile duct into the second pa of the duodenum represents the junction of the foregut and the midgut. Upto the level of the opening, the duodenum is supplied by the superior pancreaticoduodenal aery, and below it by the inferior panc... | 5,570 | medmcqa_train |
Keoppe nodules are present on - | The pathological reaction in granulomatous uveitis is characterised by infiltration with lymphocytes, plasma cells, with mobilization and proliferation of large mononuclear cells which eventually become epithelioid and giant cells and aggregate into nodules. Iris nodules are usually formed near pupillary border (Koeppe... | 5,571 | medmcqa_train |
Commonest operation done for gastric outlet obstruction with peptic ulcer is: March 2007 | Ans. A: Truncal vagotomy with gastrojejunostomyGastric outlet obstruction is manifested by obstruction at the level of the pylorus, which is the outlet of the stomach. Patients may develop vomiting, which may be projectile but non-bilious in nature, nausea or abdominal pain. An unusual finding that may lead to the diag... | 5,572 | medmcqa_train |
A 30 year old presents with nausea, weakness, headache and impaired vision and high anion gap metabolic acidosis. Most likely cause is: | Methanol | 5,573 | medmcqa_train |
Amongst the following, which carries the least chance of transmitting HIV infection: September 2010 | Ans. A: Heterosexual Intercourse. Heterosexual Intercourse is the most common route but the chance of infection is less (0.30%) ,looking to the other options. Average per act risk of getting HIVby exposure route to an infected source Exposure routeChance of infection Blood transfusion 90% Childbih (to child) 25% Needle... | 5,574 | medmcqa_train |
All of the following are true regarding Legionella except. | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Legionella are communicable from infected patients to othersRef: Harrison, 19th/e, p. 1014; Ananthanarayan, 9th/e, p. 401* No man to man transmission occurs.* Aspiration is predominant mode of transmission. Other modes include aerosolization, direct instillation into lungs.* Aerosolization by AC, nebu... | 5,575 | medmcqa_train |
Which is not true about Fragile X syndrome ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Pigmented nevi Fragile - X syndrome Fragile - X syndrome is the prototype of diseases in which the mutation is characterized by a long repeating sequence of three nucleotides. o In fragile X syndrome,trinucleotide repeat mutation involve CGG on non coding region. o Clinical features of fragile - X syn... | 5,576 | medmcqa_train |
Autoimmune thyroiditis is associated with all except - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Psoriasis o Autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto thyroiditis) patients are at increased risk for developing other autoimmune disease :- i) Endocrine : Type 1 DM, autoimmune adrenalitis. ii) Non-endocrine : SLE, mysthenia gravis, sjogren syndrome. o These patients are also at increased risk for developmen... | 5,577 | medmcqa_train |
In Aspirin mechanism of action | (B) Cyclooxygenase decreased # Aspirin acts by inhibiting cyclooxygenase enzyme, thereby inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.> Leukotriens acts by inhibiting Lipooxygenase> Steroids acts by inhibiting phospholipase | 5,578 | medmcqa_train |
A farmer visiting a orchard gets unconscious, excessive salivation , constricted pupils and fasciculation of muscles, treatment staed with | A i.e. Atropine | 5,579 | medmcqa_train |
In follicular carcinoma chromosomal translocation is? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., PAX8- PPARrl Various genes involved in thyroid carcinomas arePapillaryo Tyrosine kinase receptors RET or NTRK1o RAS mutationo BRAF oncogeneFollicularo RAS oncogene (NRAS, HRAS and KRAS)o PAX8- PPARrl translocationMedullaryo RETprotooncogne. | 5,580 | medmcqa_train |
An absolute contraindication of MRI is: | Ans. is 'a' i.e. Automatic Cardioverter-defibrillators MR is considered among the safest imaging modalities for patients, even at very high field strengths, more than 3-4 tesla. But Ferromagnetic objects under magnetic field can be vulnerable to 4 adverse effects: Movement (causing structural injury), Current conductio... | 5,581 | medmcqa_train |
Mandibular nerve does not supply: | Buccinator is supplied by facial nerve (7th nerve).
Mandibular nerve is nerve of 1st branchial arch & supplies all muscles derived from it, i.e. | 5,582 | medmcqa_train |
Which of the following is used to differentiate between hypercalcemia of malignancy from primary hyperparathyroidism? | Answer- A. Hydrocoisone suppression testlf doubt exists, hyilrocokone suppression test is of value.If the test is performed as originally described, (120 mg hydrocoisone per day for 10 days, correcting the serum calcium for haemodilution), it provides an excellent discrimination, since significant suppression ofserum c... | 5,583 | medmcqa_train |
"Hair on End" appearance is seen in: | Thalassemia | 5,584 | medmcqa_train |
Acute diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis will have all of the following features, except ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Hypo albuminaemiao Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis is characterized by nephritic syndrome whereas hypoalbuminemia is a feature of Nephrotic syndrome.o Clinical features of Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis | 5,585 | medmcqa_train |
A child with three days history of upper respiratory tract infection presents with stridor, which decreases on lying down position. What is the most probable diagnosis – | This child has : -
3 days history of upper respiratory tract infection.
Followed by stridor
These features suggest the diagnosis of croup.
Clinical manifestations of Croup
Most patients have an upper respiratory tract infection with some combination of -
Rhinorrhea
A mild cough
Pharyngitis
Low-... | 5,586 | medmcqa_train |
cGMP is second messenger for which of the following harmone | Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) and Nitric acid (NO) user cGMP as second messenger. | 5,587 | medmcqa_train |
Investigation of choice in an unstable patient with suspected intraabdominal injury is | The investigation of choice in an unstable patient with suspected intraabdominal injury is ultrasound. Focused abdominal sonar for trauma(FAST) is a technique whereby ultrasound(sonar) imaging is used to assess the torso for the presence of free fluid, either in the abdominal cavity, and is extended into the thoracic c... | 5,588 | medmcqa_train |
In lepromatous leprosy the single drug dapsone is continue for - | In lepromatous leprosy the single drug is continued to one year. REF. PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 21ST EDITION. PAGE NO - 297 | 5,589 | medmcqa_train |
A knownHIV positive patient is admitted in anisolation ward after an abdominal surgery followingan accident. The resident docter who changed hisdressing the next day found it to be soaked in blood hich of the following would be the right method ofchoice of descarding the dressing - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Put the dressing material directly in an appropriate bag and send for incineration o This waste category lies in category No. 6 o No.6 category of solid wastes consists of : Items contaminated with blood and fluid containing u Cotton dressings Soiled plaster casts o Linen o Beddings Other materials co... | 5,590 | medmcqa_train |
Most common organ involved in congenital Tb is? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Liver Congenital tuberculosis Although it is rare as mother having tuberculosis primarily present with infeility. Tuberculous bacilli sometimes pass throgh umblical vein and may develop focus in liver (hepatic complex). When neonate aspirate amniotic fluid containing bacilli then develop GI tuberculos... | 5,591 | medmcqa_train |
Organism identified by interferons: | Ans. is. 'd' i. e., M. tuberculosis | 5,592 | medmcqa_train |
Trantas spots are seen in | VERNAL KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS (VKC) OR SPRING CATARRHIt is a recurrent, bilateral, interstitial, self-limiting, allergic inflammation of the conjunctiva having a periodic seasonal incidence.Signs of vernal keratoconjunctivitis can be described in following three clinical forms:1. Palpebral form: Usually upper tarsal conj... | 5,593 | medmcqa_train |
Screening is done because of all except: | Screening is testing for infection or disease in populations or in individuals who are not seeking health care. It is defined presumptive identification of unrecognized disease. E.g. serological testing for AIDS virus in blood donors, neonatal screening, pre-marital screening for syphilis . Search for unrecognized dise... | 5,594 | medmcqa_train |
Hepatitis can be a complication of ...... | Metabolic byproduct of halothane can cause autoimmune hepatitis. Halothane hepatitisis rare with an incidence of 1 per 35,000 cases but very fatal, with amoality of 50-75%. It is an immune mediated due to antibodies against highly reactive trifluoroacetyl chloride which is a metabolite of halothane. Risk factors for ha... | 5,595 | medmcqa_train |
Tinea versicolor is seen with | Tinea versicolor is caused by Pityrosporum orbiculare (also called Malassezia furfur). | 5,596 | medmcqa_train |
Doppelganger is- | Ans. is `b' i.e., Feeling of double of oneself Doppelgangers (subjective double) is the delusion that there is double of oneself. A person feels that double of himself exists elswhere. | 5,597 | medmcqa_train |
All of following are true about neonatal sepsis except- | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Most common transmission of infection is through nursery personal o Early onset sepsis is caused by organisms prevalent in the maternal genital tract. o Late onset sepsis is caused by organisms of the external environment of home or hospital and the infection is transmitted most frequently by the hand... | 5,598 | medmcqa_train |
Deltoid ligament is attached to all, Except: | Medial cuneiform The ankle or the talocrural joint has 2 ligaments: the medial collateral (or deltoid ligament) and the lateral collateralligamentMedial collateral ligament (or deltoid ligament)It consists of two sets of fibres, superficial and deep. Both pas have a common attachment above to the apex and margins of th... | 5,599 | medmcqa_train |
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