dataset
string
id
string
question
string
choices
list
rationale
string
answer
string
subject
string
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_5194
8-year-old Mario spent one day selling lemonade in New Jersey. But he didn't do it for spending money. "The people in the hospital need more medicine," Mario said. Mario's lemonade stand raised money after a group called Alex's Lemonade Stand, which is an organization that raises money for research on cancers that affect kids.Their research might one day lead to a cure.The organization is named for Alexandra Scott, a girl who died of cancer eight years ago when she was eight years old.Alex' s Lemonade Stand actually began four years earlier before she died.That's when she announced that she wanted to sell lemonade to raise money for a cancer cure for all kids. This year, thousands of kids across the country are selling lemonade to raise money for Alex's foundation.In Maryland, a group of kids at the Children's Guild held a fund - raiser for Alex in April. And in Florida, Harrison began raise money for Alex's Lemonade Stand last year, when he was seven.This year, he raised more than $ 500 dollars.Harrison hoped it could help kids by scientists finding a cure.He also dreamed of finding a cure himself."When I grow up, I'm going to invent these little 'nano-bots' that can swallow cancer.They can fight cancer for you with their little mini - lasers and stuff," Harrison said. "To see how that one simple idea grew into this national foundation, all of these supporters coming out in Alex's memory , it' s really special for me.It' s against my expectation,"said Liz Scott, Alex' s mother. What made Mario's lemonade stand even more special and amazing than most is that he, too, has cancer--six brain tumors.But Mario is not giving up.And he is determined to help other kids like him--in memory of Alex." He lost a lot of friends who were in the hospital,"said Mario's mom, Anna."And he wants to be sure that he doesn't lose anymore." What do we know about Harrison according to the passage?
[ "He raised more than $ 500 dollars last year.", "He was devoted to helping the kids with cancer.", "He began raising money when he was six years old.", "He wanted to invent a machine to fight against cancer." ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_8285
It is well-known that twins are closer to each other than most brothers and sisters ---- after all, they probably spend more time with each other. Parents of twins often notice that they develop special ways of communicating: they invent their own words and one can often finish the other's sentence. In exceptional circumstances, this closeness becomes more extreme: they invent a whole language of their own, as in the case of Grace and Virginia Kennedy from Georgia in the USA, who communicated so successfully in their own special language that they did not speak any English at all until after they started school. However, these special relationships are the result of lives spent almost entirely in each other's company. What happens when twins do not grow up together, when they are separated at birth for some reason? Are they just like any other strangers, or are there still special similarities between them? Professor Tom Bouchard, of the University of Minnesota, set out to find the answer to this question. He traced sixteen pairs of twins, who were adopted by different families when they were babies, and often brought up in very different circumstances. Each twin was then interviewed about every small detail of their life. The results of this research make a surprising reading. Many of the twins were found to have the same hobbies, many have suffered the same illnesses, and some have even had the same type of accident at the same point in their lives. One pair of middle-aged women arrived for their first meeting in similar dresses, another pair were wearing similar jewellery. The most incredible similarities are to be found in the case of Jim Springer and Jim Lewis from Ohio in the USA. The story of the 'Jim Twins' made headline news across USA. Born to an immigrant woman in 1939, and adopted by different families at birth, both babies were named Jim by their new parents. But what can be the explanation for these remarkable similarities? Is it all pure coincidence, or is the explanation in some way genetic? Research into the lives of twins is forcing some experts to admit that our personalities may be at least partly due to 'nature'. On the other hand, analysts are also anxious to emphasise that incredible coincidences do happen all the time, not just in the lives of twins. The purpose of Tom Bouchard's study is to find _ .
[ "what will happen if twins spend lives entirely in the same company", "why the 16 pairs of twins have been adopted by different families", "whether separated growing up has effect on twins' special similarities", "when the special similarities come into being during their growing up" ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_18905
Which process directly adds carbon into the atmosphere?
[ "increasing plant populations", "decreasing animal populations", "burning fossil fuels", "forming sedimentary rock" ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_17713
What do plants take from the air that helps them make food?
[ "oxygen", "nitrogen", "carbon dioxide", "hydrogen peroxide" ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_10435
We may not be aware of it, but ordinary family homes in the U.S. and the rest of the world are not energy-efficient. Most of their energy goes to heating and cooling, and a lot of it is wasted, as warm air and cool air escape through fireplace chimneys and thin or poorly fitting windows and doors. A passive house loses almost none."Imagine a thermos ,"said housing developer Brendan O'Neill."You have insulation everywhere, and it's basically completely sealed. And so the idea is to build a house like a thermos. So the windows are sealed. There's insulation completely surrounding the building. We make it as sealed as possible." A 147-square-meter passive house, presented by O'Neill Development Corp. as a demonstration unit just outside Washington, was brought to the site in two boxes."Once it's set and put together, it takes about four weeks to complete the outside construction, to put down carpets,"O'Neill said."If everything is set in place, you put a house like this together in about four months."The total cost of building it was $325,000, or about 17 percent more than constructing an ordinary house. But its utility bill is only around $20 monthly, or one-tenth the amount for the average house of the same size. While passive houses have been around for a long time, the idea has never taken root in the U.S. There was no driving force to push it. However, David Peabody, an architect who designs passive houses said,"I think climate change is now becoming a larger issue. And I think building standards are catching on to that. So people are becoming more aware of energy."Peabody said the cost of building passive houses could come down."What really makes sense for truly affordable housing,"he said,"is to build multi-storey buildings." What is the feature of a passive house?
[ "There're no windows or chimneys.", "There's little space to place furniture.", "Its building cost is ly high.", "It takes about four weeks to build one." ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_8486
Have you ever wondered why birds sing? Maybe you thought that they were just happy.After all,you probably sing or whistle when you are happy. Some scientists believe that birds do sing some of the time just because they are happy.However,they sing most of the time for a very different reason.Their singing is actually a warning to other birds to stay out of their territory Do you know what a "territory" is? A territory is an area that an animal,usually the male,claims as its own.Only he and his family are welcome there.No other families 0f the same species are welcome.Your yard and house are your territory where only your family and friends are welcome.If a stranger should enter your territory and threaten you,you might shout.Probably this would be enough to frighten him away. If so,you have actually scared the stranger away without having to fight him.A bird does the same thing. But he expects an outsider almost any time,especially at nesting season.So he is screaming all the time,whether he can see an outsider or not This screaming is what we call a bird's song,and it is usually enough to keep an outsider away. Birds sing loudest in the spring when they are trying to attract a mate and warn others not to enter the territory of theirs. You can see that birds have a language all their own.Most of it has to do with attracting mates and setting up territories. What is a bird's "territory"?
[ "A place where families of other species are not accepted.", "An area which a bird considers to be its own", "an area for which birds fight against each other.", "A place where a bird may shout at the top of its Voice." ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_22451
If a biped which uses tools is in an ideal habitat, there will be within it
[ "sharks", "glaciers", "potholes", "rooms" ]
null
D
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_7131
Below is an entry taken from an English dictionary. Scratch Verb. noun. adjective #Verb rub with your nails 1~(at sth) to rub your skin with your nails, usually because it is ITCHING:[(VN)] John yawned and scratched his chin.* The dog scratched itself behind the ear. *[(V)] Try not to scratch. * She scratched at the insect bites on her arm. cut skin 2~ (sb/ sth/ yourself) (on sth) to cut or damage. Your skin slightly with sth sharp: [(VN)] I'd scratched my leg and it was bleeding. * She scratched herself on a nail. *[(V)] Does the cat scratch? damage surface 3[(VN)] to damage the surface of sth, especially accidentally, by making thin shallow marks on it: The car's paintwork is badly scratched make/ remove mark 4[(VN+adv./prep.)] to make or remove a mark, ect. on sth deliberately, by rubbing it with sth hard or sharp: They scratched lines in the dirt to mark out a pitch. *We scratched some of the dirt away. *(figurative) You can scratch my name off the list. Make sound 5[(V)] [(usually+adv./prep.)] to make an irritating noise by rubbing sth with sth sharp: The dog kept scratching at the door to go out. *His pen scratched away on the paper. *We could hear mice scratching behind the wall. a living 6[(VN)] ~ a living, to make enough money to live on, but with difficulty: 75% of the population scratch a living from the soil cancel 7 ~(sb/ sth)(from sth), to decide that sth cannot happen or sb/sth cannot take part in sth, before it starts: [(VN)] to scratch a rocket launch *The horse was scratched from the race because of injury. IDIOMS: scratch your head(over sth), to think hard in order to find an answer to sth: Experts have been scratching their heads over the increase in teenage crime. scratch the surface(of sth), to deal with, understand, or find out about only a small part of a subject or problem: We left feeling that we had just scratched the surface of this fascinating country. you scratch my back and I'll scratch yours (saying), used to say that if sb helps you, you will help them, even if this is unfair to others Phrasal Verbs: scratch about/ around ( for sth), to search for sth, especially with difficulty scratch sth out, to remove a word, especially a name, from sth written, usually by putting a line through it #Noun mark/ cut 1[(C)] a mark, a cut or an injury made by scratching sb's skin or the surface of sth: Her hands were covered in scratches from the brambles. *a scratch on the paintwork *It's only a scratch(=a very slight injury). *He escaped without a scratch(=was not hurt at all). sound 2[(sing.)] the unpleasant sound of sth sharp or rough being rubbed against a surface with your nails 3[(sing.)] the act of scratching a part of your body when it ITCHES: Go on, have a good scratch! IDIOMS: from scratch, without any previous preparation or knowledge: They decided to dismantle the machine and start again from scratch. *He built the orchestra up from scratch. (be/ come) up to scratch, (bring sb / sth) up to scratch, as good as sth/ sb should be; satisfactory: His work simply isn't up to scratch. *It'll take months to bring the band up to scratch. #adjective(BrE) 1 put together in a hurry using whatever people or materials are available: a scratch team 2 (especially in golf) with no HANDICAP: a scratch player Be careful not to scratch the furniture most probably means "Be careful not to_".
[ "remove any marks", "damage its surface", "make any noises", "change its position" ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_17073
Running a marathon Have you ever taken part in a marathon? A marathon is 42km long. It is the longest race in the world. To make the runner's body work, harder training is quite necessary. A runner should start to prepare for a marathon at least three months before. Preparation may have races, many hours of running at different speeds and changes in diet . During the training time the runner must eat a fit diet. The diet should have lots of things needed in training the players. In the early days of training, runners run 80km per week. The running is increased every two or three weeks and at least two long runs per week are needed. Two weeks before the marathon, the training programme becomes less, from 100km per week down to 60km and then to 30km in the final week. On the last two days they may not run at all. Breakfast should be eaten at least three hours before the race. Easily digested food such as cereal , toast and scrambled egg is best, with as much fluid as possible. Runners should drink water about half an hour before the race to keep up the body fluid. Players must have _ in order to run better in a marathon.
[ "training at different speeds and changes in diet", "much water", "lessons before the race", "many fruits" ]
null
A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_21750
One type of electrical circuit that requires a switch could be
[ "running", "diving", "dimming table lights", "swimming" ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_13778
Kid Power in Action! Kids wanted aChicken Soup book of their own, so here it is!Children Soup for the Kid'sSoul is for kids ages nine through thirteen, and it's "all that!" Sometimes you feel like life is a complete blast , from scoring the winning goal to hanging out with your friends. Yet other times, life is too difficult: You seem to see violence everywhere you turn, more parents are getting divorced , your best friend moves away, or you feel like you don't fit in. Now there is a place to find answers and encouragement and to help you realize that your dreams really can come true. With funny stories about friendship and family, and serious stories about brave kids and difficult choices, this book will make you laugh, cry, think, and feel good about yourself. Ever since the firstChicken Soup for the Soul was published in June 1993, we have been getting requests from kids all over the world asking for a Chicken Soup book just for them. So here it is, the first full-lengthChicken Soup for the Kid's Soul, written by kids and by grown-ups who haven't forgotten what it's like to be a kid. We would like to know how the stories in the book will affect you and which ones are your favorites, please write to us and let us know. We also invite you to send us any stories that you would like us to consider for the second book: Helping of Chicken Soup for the Kid's Soul. You may send stories and poems that you have written, or ones that you have read and liked. For more information, you can visit the Chicken Soup for the Soul site on American Online at keyword:chickensoul. How many years has the first book come out?
[ "exactly 10 years", "nearly 15 years", "over 16years", "less than 13 years" ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_17791
From smallest to largest, the levels of organization in living things are
[ "tissues, cells, organs, organ systems.", "tissues, cells, organ systems, organs.", "cells, tissues, organs, organ systems.", "cells, tissues, organ systems, organs." ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_19831
Some animals are aided in finding food sources by
[ "aroma", "neon signs", "constellations", "mating calls" ]
null
A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_2331
In many sports, physical contact is part of the game. But when athletes hit their heads, the hit can cause concussions . Concussions have long been a concern for professional athletes, but they've become more common among young players too. Between 2001 and 2009, the number of kids under 19 visiting doctors for concussions each year increased by 62 percent. Engineers are developing new helmets , and new rules are limiting physical contact in some sports. But are these efforts enough to protect kids' brains? Concussions can happen during many types of activities. But sports like football and soccer are especially risky. When you run or jump, your body is moving at an increased speed. A sudden hit causes you to move faster in a different direction. "It's like when you're in a bus and it makes a sudden stop," says Dr. Kevin Crutchfield, an expert at a sports concussion center in Baltimore, Maryland. "You hit the inside of the bus." This hit damages the brain. It affects the way the brain functions. So some sports require athletes to wear helmets. Helmets help reduce the force of a hit. The hard outer shell spreads the force of larger area. Inside a helmet, a plastic or air-filled lining also helps soften the blow. Steve Rowson is an engineer at Virginia Tech. In his lab, he tests how helmets hold up against different types of hits. No helmet can prevent concussions completely, says Rowson. But he's found that when wearing a newer football helmet, the player's head doesn't gain speed as much after a hit. That lowers the risk of concussions. Many youth sports teams have set limits on physical contact to reduce the risk of concussions. In soccer, most concussions happen as a result of headers--shots or passes made with the head. That's why many people think kids shouldn't head the ball until high school. These efforts should help, says Crutchfield. But the best way to prevent long-term brain injuries, he says, is to stop playing immediately if you suffer concussion. "Protect yourself today so you can play again tomorrow." Concussions among young players _ .
[ "are rare before 2001", "seem extremely worrying", "cause kids to lose interest in sports", "are mostly caused by wearing no helmets" ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_464
Which of the following best describes the purpose of the chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell?
[ "to store the genetic instructions needed to specify traits", "to release energy by breaking down food molecules", "to transport nutrients into and out of the cell", "to protect the cells from microorganisms" ]
null
A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_4509
A "match of the century" between human champion of the Chinese board game Go and Google's computer program kicked off in Seoul on Wednesday, which drew great attention. The first game of the five-game match started at about 1 p.m.local time (0400 GMT) at Four Seasons Hotel in central Seoul.It will run through next Tuesday to determine the winner between South Korean Lee Sedol, the world Go champion in the past 10 years, and AlphaGo, developed by Google's London-based subsidiary DeepMind. The match of the century drew great attention from news organizations, Go fans and the general public across the world as well as in South Korea as it is seen as a representative match between humans and artificial intelligence (AI). The Korea Baduk Association, a body for South Korean Go professionals, had received advance applications for an explanatory event of the match, but the limit of 60 seats had already surpassed. South Korea's public broadcaster KBS plans to broadcast live the match from 12:40 to 5 p.m., extending its initial plan to air it for two hours from 3 p.m.due to great interests from the general public.It is unusual for the public broadcaster to broadcast live the Go game for more than four hours. Cable channel TV Chosun will broadcast the match's development every 10 minutes on Wednesday and Thursday, while planning to air live the whole matches on Saturday and Sunday. The match is being aired live through YouTube around the world, while various Internet websites and TVs are broadcasting the landmark match. Hundreds of journalists from around the world gathered at the venue to report on the match between Lee and AlphaGo. AlphaGo took the world by surprise as it defeated European Go champion Fan Hui in October last year.Some experts had predicted it would take decades of years for AI to defeat humans at the ancient Chinese board game. Go, which originated in China more than 2,500 years ago, has been viewed as a grand challenge for AI due to its complexity and intuitive nature.It involves two players, who take turns putting markers on a grid-shaped board to gain more areas on it.One can occupy the markers of the opponent by surrounding the pieces of the other. Why did the match draw so much attention in the world?
[ "Because the match was the first one between humans and AlphaGo.", "Because it is seen as a representative match between humans and AI.", "Because it would take decades of years for AI to defeat humans at the ancient Chinese board game.", "Because many TVs broadcast live the game." ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_15448
Alexia Sloane is from Cambridge. She was told by the doctor she had a brain tumor when she was on holiday "with her parents in France. After that the two-year-old girl became blind. Though the little girl can't see anything, she has great talent for languages and at the age of 10 she is already fluent in English, French, Spanish and Chinese-and is learning German. Now her dream of working as an interpreter has come true. East of England MEP Robert Sturdy invited her to the European Parliament . "Usually a person who enters the European Parliament should be 14 at least. So it was amazing for Alexia to work there at the age of 10. " said Alexia's mother Isabelle. Alexia can speak three languages since birth. As her mum is hah" French and half Spanish and her dad Richard is English. " She has always been very good at languages and shown an interest from a very young age. " added Isabelle, who also has a four-year-old daughter Melissa. Alexia has dreamed of becoming an interpreter since she was six and chose to go to the European Parliament as her prize when she won the Young Achiever Community Award of the Year . She asked if she could learn from the interpreters and HEP Robert Sturdy agreed to take her along as his guest. " It was fantastic and I decided to become an interpreter, "said Alexia. "Nothing can stop me. " What is right about Alexia Sloane?
[ "She can speak five language fluently.", "She is a talented language learner.", "She is the only child in the family.", "She went to France on holiday after she won the award." ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_18998
Having reliable plant sources in a field, a rabbit may react by
[ "having larger litters", "finding a mate", "eating more food", "finding new food" ]
null
A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_13106
Scientists will put some robot fish into the sea near Spain this year. These robot fish will help people find out the pollution in the water. If the robot fish are able to finish their work successfully, the team of scientists hopes the fish will be used in rivers, lakes and seas around the world. The robot fish are about 1.5 meters long. There is a detector in their bodies. It can find the pollution in the water, and then the robot fish will eat part of it. They can "swim" for eight hours in the sea freely and send back information to people on the beach. After their energy runs down, they will go back to the beach by themselves. There are five robot fish altogether. Each costs about 29,000 dollars. They are part of a three-year project between engineering company BMT Group and Essex University in southeastern England. ,. (2,10) The five robot fish cost _ dollars altogether.
[ "14,500", "29,000", "145,000", "1,450,000" ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_10297
Every human being has a unique arrangement of the skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable. Scientists and experts have proved the uniqueness of finger-prints and discovered that no exactly similar pattern is passed on from parents to children, though nobody knows why this is the case. The ridge structure on a person's fingers does not change with growth and is not affected by surface injuries. Burns, cuts and other damage to the outer part of the skin will be replaced in time by new one which bears a reproduction of the original pattern. It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be destroyed. Some criminals make use of this fact to remove their own finger-prints but this is a dangerous and rare step to take. Finger-prints can be made very easily with printer's ink. They can be recorded easily. With special methods, identification can be achieved successfully within a short time. Because of the simplicity and economy of this system, finger-prints have often been used as a method of solving criminal case. A suspected man may deny a charge but this may be in vain. His finger-prints can prove who he is even if his appearance has been changed by age or accident. When a suspect leaves finger-prints behind at the scene of a crime, they are difficult to detect with the naked eye. Special techniques are used to "develop" them. Some of the marks found are incomplete but identification is possible if a print of a quarter of an inch square can be obtained. Some criminals remove their own finger-prints by _ .
[ "using printer's ink", "injuring the inner skin", "damaging the outer skin", "damaging the color" ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_7194
Miami Beach is a top destination for vacationers from around the world --not to mention a location for sea turtles laying eggs. For years, female sea turtles have returned to the beaches where they were born to build nests for their next generation. As Miami Beach continues to develop; wildlife officials and volunteers are making sure the beach remains a welcoming place for these endangered animals. The sea turtle patrol starts his day at sunrise. "The reason we need to get out at first light is to make sure we see the tracks before anybody else gets out here, Bill Ahern says, "Something that weighs 350 pounds is going to leave evidence." Bill Ahern directs the sea turtle program in Miami-Dade county. His team monitors and marks nests left by sea turtles who lay eggs in the sand and then return to the sea. The patrols also work with beach residents to keep track of new nests and possible threats to existing ones. Nearly 65,000 turtles nested on Florida's Atlantic coast last year. A tiny part comes to Miami Beach where they face many risks. Tough laws have been passed to punishpoachers . And bright lights from nearby buildings can confuse newly born turtles, attracting them onto roads instead of into the ocean. "I recall in the mid-1960s, me and my beach buddies(policemen) would pick up hatchlings from the road and put them back in the water," he recalls .To avoid that problem, city officials have imposed limits on coastal lighting. Although most sea turtles hatch on their own, coming out at night, some have a harder time. In the future, the Sea Turtles Program hopes to do away with the hatchery. Educating beach-goers is a step in that direction. Each week, people are invited to see a release of newly born turtles recovered from nests. The experience helps sunbathers understand the role of the beach in the turtle's life cycle. "Only a part of the newly hatched turtles will escape predators and man-made dangers in their first year." Their instincts are so sharp ," Ahern says, "I'll face a turtle to the west, and then watch him, he turns right around ,facing the ocean. " What is the main idea of this passage?
[ "sea turtles are in battle for nursing grounds", "sea turtles head for the beach for vacations", "sea turtles are listed as endangered animals", "sea turtles lay eggs on the Miami Beach" ]
null
A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_20014
Twenty four hours contains one
[ "high tide", "4 million seconds", "solar cycle", "week" ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_12503
Hi!I'm Lucy. I am a student in Class 5,Grade 7.I have a big schoolbag. It is blue and red. The price is Y=88.1.have a nice pencil box in it. It is Y=10.Its color is white. I bought it in a store. There are four pencils and one pen. Each pencil is Y=1 and the pen is Y=12.My eraser is yellow. The price is Y=2.My ruler is orange and very long. I like them very much. I study very hard. The color of my eraser is _ .
[ "orange", "black", "yellow", "blue" ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_6019
Scientists are debating how to limit their newly-discovered power to change genetic structure. Scientists already modify the genes of farm animals and agricultural plants to make them more productive or stronger. But now they can also change genes in wild animals and plants. These genes would continue into later generations. For example, it may be possible for scientists to remove from existence the kind of mosquitoes that carry the Zika virus. They might also be able to permanently remove species of plants and animals that are destructive to other species. In a report published last week, the U. S. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine (NAS) said it supports continued research on this kind of gene control. But it warned that it is not possible to know what will happen when these changed plants and animals are released into the wild. Sixteen biologists, ethicists and policymakers are on an NAS committee that is examining the issue. They say that there is value to the new technology. But, they say, there is not enough evidence to support the release of modified organisms from the laboratory into nature. Many people would support stopping mosquitoes and rats from carrying diseases. But scientists say we must understand the possible scientific, ethical, legal and social results of such action before we decide whether to take it. Gene modification is spread through reproduction . Changed genes will continue to spread as long as an animal or plant continues to reproduce. They cannot be limited to a farm or kept within a country's borders. Scientists are wondering what may happen if a modified organism mates with another species. They are not yet sure how the modified genes would affect the other species. It is possible that those genes could harm those creatures or even lead to their disappearance from our planet. As for genetically changed wild animals and plants ,what are scientists worried about?
[ "They may become weaker or die out.", "They may be more productive.", "They may cause damage to their living habitat.", "Their genes may spread to later generations." ]
null
A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_15555
My name is Mary. This is my family. These are my parents. Their names are Bill and Grace Brown.Those are my grandparents.Their names are Henry and Linda Brown.This is my uncle.His name is John.That boy is my brother. His name is Tony. This is Susan.She is my uncle's daughter. Grace is Susan's _ .
[ "mother", "grandmother", "aunt", "sister" ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_11898
Mandara seemed to know something big was about to happen. So she let out a yell, caught hold of her 2-year-old daughter Kibibi and climbed up into a tree. She lives at the National Zoo in Washington, D.C. And on Tuesday, August 23rd, witnesses say she seemed to sense the big earthquake that shook much of the East Coast before any humans knew what was going on. And she's not the only one. In the moments before the quake, an orangutan let out a loud call and then climbed to the top of her shelter. "It's very different from their normal call," said Brandie Smith, the zookeeper. "The lemurs (monkey-like animals of Madagascar) will sound an alarm call if they see or hear something highly unusual." But you can't see or hear an earthquake 15 minutes before it happens, can you? Maybe you can -- if you're an animal. "Animals can hear above and below our range of hearing," said Brandie Smith. "That's part of their special abilities. They're more sensitive to the environment, which is how they survive." Primates weren't the only animals that seemed to sense the quake before it happened. One of the elephants made a warning sound. And a huge lizard ran quickly for _ . The flamingoes (a kind of bird) gathered before the quake and stayed together until the shaking stopped. So what kind of vibrations were the animals picking up in the moments before the quake? Scientist Susan Hough says earthquakes produce two types of waves -- a weak "P" wave and then a much stronger "S" wave. The "P" stands for "primary". And the "S" stands for "secondary". She said she thinks the "P" wave might be what set the animals off. Not all the animals behaved unusually before the quake. For example, Smith says the zoo's giant pandas didn't jump up until the shaking actually began. But many of the other animals seemed to know something was coming before it happened. "I'm not surprised at all," Smith said. According to Brandie Smith, _ .
[ "many animals' hearing is sharp", "earthquakes produce two types of waves", "primates usually gather together before a quake", "humans can also develop the ability to sense a quake" ]
null
A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_4026
Sunscreens can offer protection from two types of ultraviolet (UV) rays : UVB, which according to the Skin Cancer Foundation, are the chief cause of sunburn and play a key role in the development of skin cancer, and UVA, which get through the skin more deeply and are largely responsible for skin aging and wrinkling, as well as skin cancer risk. The SPF measurement on sunscreens refers to the UVB protection level -- and the number may not mean what you think it does. SPF 15 doesn't protect you from 15% of UVB rays, just as SPF 100 doesn't protect you from 100% of the rays. In fact, as you get into the higher numbered SPF sunscreens (think: 50 and above), the difference in UVB protection is actually pretty small. Theoretically, though the increase in UVB protection with a super-high SPF sunscreen may be not worth considering, it may help, and certainly can't hurt, to use it -- that is, as long as you do so correctly. "The only _ is whether you're giving yourself a sense of false security," Dr. Gohara says. Indeed, as Dr. Wang also pointed out, when people choose increased SPFs, they may actually feel so protected by the product that they finally ignore proper sun protection. "When people use really high SPF products, they tend not to reuse, they tend to stay out in the sun much longer, and they don't use other protective measures such as clothing and hats," he says. Regardless of any increase in protection that a high SPF may or may not offer, one thing is certain: It doesn't give your body a free pass from sunburns, aging, or cancers, and it doesn't protect you from those things for any greater length of time than the lower SPF options. Both Dr. Wang and Dr. Gohara emphasized that, no matter what the SPF is, it's important to reapply your sunscreen every two hours. What rays can cause skin cancer according to the text?
[ "UV", "UVA", "UVB", "UVA&UVB" ]
null
D
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_5371
The word "day" has two meanings. When we talk about the number of days in a year, we are using "day" to mean 24 hours. But when we talk about day and night, we are using "day" to mean the time between sunrise and sunset. Since the earth looks like a ball, the sun can shine on only half of it at a time. Always one half of the earth is having day and the other half night. A place is moved from day into night and from night into day over and over by the spinning of the earth. At the equator day and night are sometimes the same length. They are each twelve hours long. The sun rises at 6 in the morning and sets at 6 in the evening. For six months the North Pole is tilted toward the sun. In those months the Northern Hemisphere gets more hours of sunlight than the Southern Hemisphere. Days are longer than nights. South of the equator nights are longer than days. For the other six months the North Pole is tilted away from the sun. Then the Southern Hemisphere gets more sunlight. Days are longer than night. North of the equator nights are longer than days. Winter is the season of long nights. Summer is the season of long days. At the equator day is as long as night _ .
[ "sometimes", "never", "usually", "always" ]
null
A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_9164
Before leaving work, Steve Lee likes to use his cell phone to turn on his heat and air condition system at home. So by the time he gets through traffic into his front door, the temperature inside is perfect. You may wonder what a so-called smart home can do inside. Lee works for a company called Smarthome. com, testing and living with many of his company's home automation gadgets , like this multifunction touch screen that controls devices around the house and even connects to the Internet traffic cameras. "I have cameras, and they follow all the way down the freeway to work, "said Lee with pride, "What's going on at home when you are away? No problem, install some wireless cameras and controllers and from any computer in the world with an Internet connection, you can watch your house. " "You can check on the house, and I can look at the temperature. Believe it or not, if I want to turn on lights ahead of time, I can, "added Lee. We sat in Steve's California kitchen and with the right password, turned on the kitchen counter lights at his boss' house in Wisconsin. Steve did have permission to log on . "If you do know the password and you want to play a trick on your wife, you could turn lights on and off remotely. " This new technology, which can automatically turn on water sprinklers when humidity is low, or turn off a pool pump when it is not in use, is no longer expensive. Several hundred dollars for a basic system is enough and it is not hard to install. Sure the convenience is nice but many people who like the security advantages like making sure kids are safe with the help of camera monitors and bedside alerts. "I can notice that maybe one of my children wakes up in the middle of the night once the light switch is turned on. " What a smart home can't do is get you a snack and you have to leave the couch for that. What can't a smart home do according to the passage?
[ "Turning on the light automatically.", "Getting the owner some food.", "Turning off a pool pump.", "Watching over the home's safety." ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_2610
"You have cancer" are the three words you never want to hear. Unfortunately, over 5, 000 people in North America do hear those words--every single day. Even worse, cancer has become the second leading cause of death for Americans. America's health practitioner , David Brownstein, M. D., has spent much of his medical career studying cancer, and learning the best ways to avoid becoming its victim. And Dr. Brownstein does not shy away from _ Statistics demonstrate we are not winning the war on cancer. Far from it. In fact, cancer death rates have remained nearly unchanged over the last 80 years. Plus, traditional cancer treatments have been a terrible failure. Because the only big winner in the cancer treatment story to date has been the cancer industry's multibillion-dollar profits, Dr. Brownstein has just released a free video documentary revealing some of his startling findings. In this video, you'll discover five specific signs that you will be diagnosed with cancer during your lifetime. Even more important, you'll see: *Seven simple but smart steps to prevent cancer from taking over your body. *How to help your body naturally kill cancer cells. *Easiest ways to avoid known cancer-causing factors. *The little-known relationship between iodine and cancer. *And much, much more... According to Dr. Brownstein, nearly all of us have cancer cells in our bodies at various times during our lives. The trick is to avoid letting those cells increase and defeat the body's natural defenses. The good news is that you and your loved ones do not need to become cancer victims. With the simple methods revealed in Dr. Brownstein's eye-opening video, you can take steps to prevent this deadly disease. Newsman Health managed to bring it directly to you free of charge. Click here to start watching this powerful video about preventing cancer immediately. With so many people dying needlessly, there's no time to waste. What do we know about cancer in America?
[ "Cancer death rates are dropping.", "Cancer industry is very profitable.", "Traditional cancer treatments are effective.", "Cancer medicine was invented 80 years ago." ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_20430
A highly polished surface will
[ "absorb light energy", "redirect light energy", "attract shadows", "shatter" ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_15940
Chicago is next to a beautiful lake, Lake Michigan. In the summer Lake Michigan is warm and blue .People lie on the beaches and swim in the water. In the winter Lake Michigan is cold and gray .Snow covers the beaches, and ice covers the water. On a cold January day, a little boy and his father were playing in the snow on Chicago beach. The boy was Jimrsy Tontlewicx. He was four years old .Several Minutes went by .The father still couldn't find Jimmy. Firemen arrived .Twenty minutes later they found Jimmy and pulled him out of the water. Jimmy was not breathing, and his heart was not beating . He was dead. At the beach paramedics worked on Jimmy for an hour . He began to breathe , and his heart began to beat . The paramedics rushed Jimmy to the hospital.Doctors at the hospital put Jimmy in bed .They put him on a cold mattress because they wanted his body to warm up slowly. They gave him some medicine because they wanted him to sleep .After six weeks in the hospital he got better ,Then he went to another hospital. He stayed there for seven weeks .He began to walk ,talk ,and play again. Jimmy was in the water for more than 20 minutes . He couldn't breathe in the water . He couldn't get any oxygen .But today he is alive and healthy. How is it possible? Jimmy is alive because the water was ice cold. Usually the brain needs a lot of oxygen .But when it's very cold , the brain slows down. It does not need much oxygen .So the ice cold water saved Jimmy . Jimmy's father has another reason .He says ,"Jimmy is alive today because he is a fighter . " How long did Jimmy stay in hospital before he got healthy?
[ "Seven weeks", "Thirteen weeks", "Fifty days", "Ninety --nine days." ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_8088
A 15-year-old Saanich student who invented a flashlight powered by body heat is heading home today from California with a big prize--and an opportunity to expand on her work. St. Michaels University School student Ann Makosinski was the only Canadian among the four winners at Google's annual international science fair, beating out thousands of other young scientists from around the world. Winning the international contest was "a total shock", Ann said from San Francisco. "I definitely think it will have an influence on my future." Ann thanked her family for encouraging her interest in science, telling the judges that her first toy was a box of transistors . Ann's prize includes a $25,000 scholarship and a "once-in-a-lifetime experience" from either the European Organization for Nuclear Research, Lego or Google for her Hollow Flashlight, which has no moving parts or batteries. Ann created the flashlight for a local science fair. The inspiration for the invention came from seeing unwanted batteries and after visits to the Philippines, where she saw the need for a battery-free flashlight. A friend at school there failed in her studies because of a lack of electricity and light to study when it became dark. In her project, Ann wrote that she "made two flashlights that do not use any batteries, harmful chemicals, or kinetic energy . They do not create any noise and will always work. The flashlight's only limitation is its need for at least a 5degC temperature difference to provide usable light." A You Tube video of Ann explaining how she created the flashlight has been viewed more than 1.4 million times. Despite her success, the private school student is undecided about her career path. Ann hopes she can find a way to combine her love of film with science. The four winners were chosen from 15 finalists from eight countries. The contest attracted thousands of entries from students in 120 countries. What do we know about Ann Makosinski?
[ "She is studying at a public school.", "She dreams of becoming a scientist.", "Her success is partly due to her family.", "She was sure she would win the contest." ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_19476
Sea anemones
[ "look like flora", "look like cars", "look like bats", "look like dogs" ]
null
A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_21116
A compass uses natural magnetism so it works only because
[ "the world is positive", "the world is wet", "the Earth is fat", "the Earth yanks it" ]
null
D
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_20036
A radio that takes batteries can make that energy into
[ "fire", "video", "water", "sound" ]
null
D
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_21680
safety goggles are used for protecting the eyes during
[ "sleeping", "persuits of knowledge", "dancing", "singing" ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_16532
When Christie Andrews was born, she weighed less that half of one kilogram. Her heart was the size of a large coin. Her mother said Christie was so small that she could hold her in the palm of one hand. Christie couldn't breathe without a machine to give her oxygen. If she had been born 20 years earlier, she would probably have died at once. She needed two operations, but she survived without serious damage. Twenty years ago , 90% of all premature babies died. Today, doctors manage to save four out of every five, because they have better machines for breathing and better ways to feed the babies. But saving Christie's life cost more than $ 400,000. In some cases, doctors spend 1 million dollars saving a single child. The parents usually don't have enough money to pay. The government, an insurance company or the hospital picks up the bill. Even after a baby goes home from the hospital, it may require medical care. Some people think it makes more sense to spend money saving 10 adults who have cancer or other diseases than saving one small baby. But nobody wants to be the doctor who has to tell parents to their faces, "Sorry, I won't save your new child." The true cost of saving a baby may be even more than 1 million because _ .
[ "oxygen machine are expensive", "the baby may require medical care after it leaves the hospital", "doctors always charge more than they should", "four out of five premature babies can now be saved" ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_22085
Which of the following is true?
[ "sunlight works best in caves", "fear can fuel motorcycles", "corn can fuel public transit", "rice can never be used as fuel" ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_5261
Ants have a reputation for strength,organization and teamwork.But researchers have now discovered that a key secret to the success of ants is their ability to identify the importance of age in the work place. A study of Gentral American leaf-cutter ants has shown that the younger and stronger members are give the toughest job of cutting therough the leaves they harvest.Their sharp youn teeth do this job effectively,but as they get older their teeth become relatively worn and _ . But rather than being retired or abandoned by the group,the ageing ants are given a new role more suyted to their physical abilities.They become carriers and teansport the leaves back to the kingdom where they are harvested for food. The findings by researchers from the University of Oregon and the Oregong State University support previous research showin the survival of a leaf-cutter kingdom depends on the efficiency of is workers. "Cuting leaves is hard work,"said Dr.Robert Schofield,who led the research team."Much of the cutting is done with a V-shaped blade between teeth on their jaws.This blade starts out as sharp as the sharpest razor blade that humans have developed."But over rime the teeth become blunter and the cutting job slows down.The team estimated that,because of this age-related wear,a colony spent twice the energy cutting leaves than it would if all the ants had sharp blades.Its findings support the idea that wear and break can be significant problems for insects as well as largre animals. Like humans,leaf-cuttre ant recognize that older members of the group can still make a worhwhile contribution to society."This study shows an advantage of social living that we are familiar with,"said Dr.Schofield. What can be the best title for the passage?
[ "The key secret to the success of ants", "The developed structure of ant colony", "The most challenging job for leaf-cutter ants", "No V-shaped blade,no success of ants" ]
null
A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_860
A town built a road through a forest. Deer live in the forest on both sides of the road. Which would not help protect deer from the cars on the road?
[ "feeders on the side of the road", "lights along the side of the road", "signs telling drivers to be careful of deer", "bridges that let the deer walk under the road" ]
null
A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_10072
Except for the sun, the moon looks like the biggest object in the sky. Actually it is one of the smallest, and only looks big because it is so near to us. Its diameter is only 2,160 miles (3,389 km), or a little more than a quarter of the diameter of the earth. Once a month, or more exactly, once every 29.5 days, at the time we call "full moon," its whole _ looks bright. At other times only part of it appears bright, and we always find that this is the part which faces towards the sun, while the part racing away from the sun appears dark. People could make their pictures better if they kept this in mind -- only those parts of the moon which are lighted up by the sun are bright. This shows that the moon gives no light of its own. It only throws back the light of the sun, like a huge mirror hung in the sky. Yet the dark part of the moon's surface is not ly black; generally it is just light enough for us to be able to see its outline, so that we speak of seeing "the old moon in the new moon's arms." The light by which we see the old moon does not come from the sun, but from the earth. We know well how the surface of the sea or of snow, or even of a wet road, may throw back uncomfortably much of the sun's light onto our faces. In the same way the surface of the whole earth throws back enough of the sun's light on to the face of the moon for us to be able to see the parts of it which would otherwise be dark. Which of the following is true according to the text ?
[ "The moon which appears round at its brightest is called full moon.", "The moon's diameter is exactly one fourth of that of the earth.", "The light by which we see the old moon comes from the sun.", "The part of the moon which is not lighted by the sun is completely dark." ]
null
A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_15695
Camilla Chomp was a strange little girl. She liked to spend her time alone eating chocolate. Her parents were worried, so they took all the chocolate away. Camilla left her house to look for some chocolate. She found a small house full of bottles. Among the bottles, a blue bottle caught Camilla's eyes. It was full of chocolate. In the bottle there was also a card with the words "Change tears into chocolate." Camilla was very excited. She ran out of the house with the bottle to look for someone crying. First, she met a little boy crying hard and collected his tears. The tears were quickly changed into chocolate. While Camilla was collecting the tears, she comforted the boy. Finally, the boy stopped crying and they had a good time together. Later, Camilla met a woman and an old man crying. The woman had broken some bowls. And the old man's dog had just died. Camilla collected their tears and made them happy again. Soon, Camilla knew that making people happy was much more important than finding chocolate. So she stopped collecting tears and began to help sad people. As a result, she had many friends and had a happy life. How many people did Camilla help before she stopped collecting tears?
[ "One.", "Two.", "Three.", "Four." ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_9140
It's eight o'clock and the time for Morning New Highlights . One person was killed and two were injured in a car accident just thirty minutes ago. Cause of the accident is not yet found out. A great fire swept through a storehouse next to the Fulton River early this morning, causing about $3,000,000 in damage. The fire which broke out at about 2:30 was finally put out at 5: 30. That was the Morning News Highlights, Dan Verne reporting. How many pieces of news are reported in the short passage?
[ "Two.", "Three.", "One.", "Four." ]
null
A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_12933
Each summer,you hear news that some sports players are sent to hospitals because it is too hot. Our bodies can't be outside in the sun for a long time. So in hot summers,be careful about playing sports outside. Firstly,to play sports safely in hot weather,you must drink water. Sports drinks are great for athletes,but they have so much sugar that they'll dehydrate you more. However,drinking a few bottles of sports drinks will be good for you. Secondly,be sure to take enough breaks to let your body rest. If your coach doesn't let you take enough breaks in the heat,don't wait until you feel uncomfortable. Just be honest with your coach when you need breaks. Thirdly,when you have a break,don't sit in the sun. With the sun beating down on you,you'll only heat up and sweat more. Take a seat under a tree,or even better,go indoors for a little while. Cooling yourself down can help you stay active longer. Fourthly,remember that the earlier in the day you start your exercise,the cooler it will be. If you can start practice before the sun comes up,you have a few good hours to practise in the cool hours of the morning. Also,the earlier you practise,the earlier you can finish the exercise. If you need more practice time,come back to the field later in the evening,when the sun is setting. Last but not least,you should watch what you eat. Eat food which is high in water,starch and carbonhydrate ,but be sure to get a good balance in your diet. As long as you pay attention to the above,playing sports safely in the heat isn't a difficult thing. How many pieces of advice are mentioned in the passage?
[ "Three", "Four", "Five", "Six" ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_9818
Dolphins are interesting animals and researchers find them interesting to watch. They don't have hands, but can use tools to solve problems, just like us. Scientists have observed a dolphin trying to get a shy eel to come out of its hole by poking it with a dead fish. Many species of dolphin live in large societies. They have many different relationships and need a good communication system; they use a variety of sounds to communicate with each other. There is currently no evidence that dolphins have a language of their own. But scientists still have a lot to find out about these animals and so there are certain to be a few surprises in the future. At Kewalo Basin Marine Laboratory in Hawaii, the dolphin team have developed a sign langue to communicate with the dolphins, and the results are amazing. Not only do the dolphins understand the meaning of individual words, they also understand the significance of word order in a sentence. For example, when they were asked to 'touch the ball with your tail and then jump over it' they generally responded correctly and straight away, which showed that they understood the langue. Most mammals seem to enjoy play--but dolphins seems to like making their games as challenging as possible. On a beautiful day in 1997, researchers working at a beach, off the southern coast of Brazil, observed a little dog going into the sea and swimming towards the dolphins. To their surprise, the dolphins approached the dog and then started throwing it into the air. The dog seemed to enjoy the 'game' and continued playing with the dolphins for more than an hour. From then on, different dogs were seem trying to interact with the dolphins. Dolphins live in a very different world to ourselves, but they are very good at our 'intelligence tests'. For example, they will jump out of the water when they hear a whistle noise. They do this because they will get a fish as a reward. There is still much to learn about these flexible problem-solvers, but from the evidence so far, it would seem as though dolphins are very intelligent. When they play, dolphins seems to like making their games as _ as possible.
[ "difficult", "easy", "interesting", "relaxing" ]
null
A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_6896
In a recent announcement, Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)said that they have joined forces to offer free online courses in an effort to attract millions of online learners worldwide. Beginning this fall, a number of courses developed by teachers at both universities will be offered online through a new $60 million program, known as edX. "Anyone with an Internet connection anywhere in the world can use our online courses," Harvard President Drew Faust said during a meeting to announce the plan. MIT has offered a program called OpenCourseWare for ten years that makes materials from more than 2,000 classes free online. It has been used by more than 100 million people. In December, the school announced it also would begin offering a special certificate, known as MITx, for people who complete certain online courses. Harvard has long offered courses to a wider population through a similar program. The MITx will serve as the foundation for the new learning platform. MIT President Susan Hockfield said more than 120,000 people signed up for the first MITx course. She said Harvard and MIT hope other universities will join them in offering courses on the open-source edX platform. " _ ," Hockfield said. Other universities, including Stanford, Yale and Carnegie-Mellon, have been experimenting with teaching to a global population online. The Harvard-MIT program will be monitored by a not-for-profit organization based in Cambridge, to be owned equally by the two universities. Both MIT and Harvard have provided $30 million to start the program. They also plan to use the edX platform to research how students learn and which teaching methods and tools are most successful. What can be said about MITx according to the text?
[ "It is first offered as part of the edX learning program.", "It is another free MIT-Harvard online learning program.", "It is a standard to recognize online learners' achievement.", "It is a new kind of free online course of Harvard and MIT." ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_909
Jeremiah noticed a plant had many missing leaves and large holes in other leaves. Why do missing leaves hurt the plant?
[ "The plant makes less food.", "The plant takes in less water.", "The plant attracts fewer insects.", "The plant does not have support." ]
null
A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_774
Which of the following is an acquired human characteristic?
[ "Eye color", "Hair color", "Height", "Verbal accent" ]
null
D
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_17673
How has the invention of the personal computer helped people the most?
[ "by replacing paper", "by reducing pollution", "by improving transportation", "by increasing communication" ]
null
D
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_16288
One day Mrs. Wilson went shopping with Tracy and Ben. They went to the supermarket in the new shopping center." Why do you buy things here?" Tracy wanted to know. "Because they are cheaper here than at the corner store near our home," Mrs. Wilson said." Help me check the prices, please." The Wilsons were not rich and Mrs. Wilson was always careful with her money. She looked carefully after the prices of things. She bought lots of things in the supermarket. When they got home, the children said," We don't think you saved money by going to the supermarket." "Of course I did," Mrs. Wilson said. " Everything was cheaper there." "We know," the children said," but we came home by taxi because we had too much to carry. The taxi fare was more than the money that you save! " Mrs. Wilson added everything up. Her children were right. From the passage we know the children were _ .
[ "happy", "clever", "tired", "lazy" ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_10272
Barcodes aren't given much thought by the majority of consumers, but these codes were fairly recently applied in a working fashion in 1970. A small food store owner decided one day that keeping records of the inventory of his stock and the associated prices were an extremely laborious process, and so, in 1948, he contacted The Drexel Institute of Technology in a bid to work towards a solution. Bernard Sliver rose to the challenge and set out to study the problem and began working on a solution involving an automatic way of keeping track of items that had been sold. Sliver and a group of students from the institute realized their answer in the form of ultraviolet light , ink and a scanner. The system worked initially, but possessed some negatives. It was incredibly costly to carry out on a large scale and the system was also unstable. If the invention was to become commonplace in grocery stores, these two problems had to be solved. The patent for the bar code system was filed by Sliver and one of his students, Woodland. The patent was not granted immediately; in fact, it took three years for the patent agency to grant their invention patent for the barcode, occurring on 7thOctober, 1952. Despite the patent being issued, the system was still not welcomed by the majority of store owners. It was not until 1966 that the system began moving its way into more and more grocery stores. This system was soon criticized, as there was no central mechanism for controlling uniformly coded items. In 1970, Logicom developed the Universal Grocery Products Identification code( UGOIC), soon shortened to Universal Identification Number (UPC). It was Marsh's superstore, in Troy, which was the very first store to install this complex barcode reading system, and its popularity has soared ever since, and is obviously now commonplace in all types of stores worldwide. The popularity of the barcode rose quickly after _ .
[ "1948", "1952", "1966", "1970" ]
null
D
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_4686
Laptop computers are popular all over the world.People use them on trains and airplanes, in airports and hotels.These laptops connect people to their workplace.In the United States today, laptops also connect students to their classrooms. Westlake College in Virginia will start a laptop computer program that allows students to do schoolwork anywhere they want.Within five years, each of the 1500 students at the college will receive a laptop.The laptops are part of a $10 million computer program at Westlake, a 110-year-old college.The students with laptops will also have access to the Internet.In addition, they will be able to use e-mail to "speak" with their teachers, their classmates, and their families.However, the most important part of the laptop program is that students will be able to use computers without going to computer labs.They can work with it at home, in a fast-food restaurant or under the trees--anywhere at all! Because of the many changes in computer technology, laptop use in higher education, such as colleges and universities, is workable.As laptops become more powerful, they become more similar to desktop computers.In addition, the portable computers can connect students to not only the Internet, but also libraries and other resources.State higher-education officials are studying how laptops can help students.State officials are also testing laptop programs at other universities, too. At Westlake College, more than 60 percent of the staff use computers.The laptops will allow all teachers to use computers in their lessons.As one Westlake teacher said, " Here we are in the middle of Virginia and we're giving students a window on the world.They can see everything and do everything." Which of the following is true about Westlake College?
[ "All teachers use computers", "1500 students have laptops.", "It is an old college in America.", "Students there can do everything." ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_20018
A skin bacterium loses its habitat when
[ "you cut off your finger nails", "you eat pepperoni pizza", "you brush your teeth", "you blow your nose" ]
null
A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_21504
The count of rings in a pine has a one to one relationship with the number of years it has
[ "shrunk", "produced pine cones", "had mistletoe", "grown" ]
null
D
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_12984
It is the 22ndcentury and it is very popular to change people's bodies. Mr. Smith decided to change his body. He changed his big nose to a small one, and his old and gray hair to short and blond hair. He also bought new green eyes, new hands, new arms, new knees and new feet. Mrs. Smith was happy because Mr. Smith's new feet didn't smell as bad as his old feet. However, something bad happened. One morning, Mr. Smith woke up and his new nose didn't work. The next morning he couldn't hear anything. Then his new blond hair went gray, and his new knees didn't move. And finally he could see nothing with his green eyes. It was really terrible. Mr. Smith wanted his old body back. However, he had to pay 100,000 euro for his old body. It was expensive but Mr. Smith still got his own body back. He would never follow the fashion. ,,(5) What was Mr. Smith's new hair like?
[ "Short and gray.", "Long and gray.", "Short and blond.", "Long and blond." ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_8416
A group of Russian criminals have stolen l.2 billion username and password combinations for more than 500 millione-mail addresses. It's the largest known theft on the Internet, according to a report of The New York Times. Cyber security firm Hold Security discovered the security breach( ). The firm found that the group of criminals collected personal information from 420,000 websites, including household names and small Internet sites. The criminals were based in a small city in south central Russia. They hacked websites inside Russia as well as big companies in the U.S. and other countries ,The New Times reports. The criminals found hundreds of thousands of weak websites and attacked their coding,Hold Security said. Alex Holden is chief information security officer of Hold Security. "The hackers did not just target U.S. companies;they targeted any website they could get," Holden said. "And most of these sites are still easy to attack". According to Hold Security, the criminals have been using the stolen information to send junk mail through e-mail and on social networks like Twitter. They can also use the 500 million stolen e-mail -addresses to plan other crimes. They could use information from bank e-mails to steal your identity or sell the e-mail address to other criminals to make quick cash. The reported break-ins are the latest events to raise doubts about security at big and small companies. Last winter, hackers stole 40 million credit card numbers and 70 million addresses, phone numbers and other personal information from the retailer Target Corp. The brand is still working to regain its shoppers' trust. John Prisco is a CEO of a security firm. He says security hacks are more common than many people and companies realize. " _ ," Prisco said in an e-mailed statement. So many cyber breaches today are not actually reported, because companies are losing information and they are not even aware of it. " Security experts believe hackers will continue breaking into computer networks unless companies become more protective of personal information. According to Alex Holden, the criminals entered some websites easily because _ .
[ "some websites don't have their own coding", "most of the websites lack protective measures", "Russia is more developed in computer science", "the hackers are equipped with high technology" ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_13486
Is your TV connected to the Internet? What about your chair, or your fridge? Probably they are not. But in the future, most things in your home may be connected, thanks to the so-called "Internet of things". The Internet of things may be coming sooner than you think. Earlier this year, Samsung CEO spent a lot of time talking about the Internet things. He said that four years from now, every Samsung product will be part of the Internet of things, no matter whether it's a remote control or a washing machine. So, how do household objects that are part of the Internet of things work? Well, think of a common chair. When connected to the Internet, the chair warms up when it knows the user has just walked into the room and is feeling cold. An Internet-connected camera could help people feel safer in their homes. It can know people's faces and has an infrared sensor , so even if it's dark it can see when someone passes by and send you a message on your smartphone to let you know who's there. If the person is someone you don't know, it can tell you that, too. But according to MIT Technology Review, whether companies are connecting dog food bowls or security systems to the Internet, there may be some problems. For example, many early connected-home objects don't have much built-in security, which means they could be hacked. Moreover, it could be difficult to get these new machines to work together especially when they are made by different companies. To fight this, many companies have joined the Open Interconnect Consortium, which had 45 members by late 2015. So, picture this: you enter your home.The temperature changes to make you feel comfortable. Your favorite music starts playing for you. Do you think that this would be a good thing? It may happen sooner than you think.[:] According to Samsung CEO, when will his product be part of the Internet of things?
[ "In 2010", "In 2020", "In 2030", "In 2040" ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_10711
Can you imagine traveling to work in a one-man submarine? Scientists believe that someday one-man submarines will be as numerous as automobiles today. One says," One day soon, men will walk on the ocean floor as they do on the street. " Perhaps during your life time, people will travel, work and live under the sea. Ships carrying oil and articles of trade will move beneath the ocean. Passenger ships will be built to travel underwater, where storms cannot delay them or make people seasick. Special underwater ships will be designed for mining, fishing, and exploring unknown areas. For military use, there may be submarines that can fly and then dive underwater to approach the battle area without being seen. First, however, the human problems associated with living in the ocean will need to be studied in detail. Many of these problems are the same as the problems of living in outer space: pressure, lack of oxygen, and weightlessness. Already scientists have begun to study these problems. In 1963 and 1964 scientists and Navy divers lived and worked underwater for several days in two projects which were called Sealab I and Sealab II. The Sealab II experiment kept the scientists and divers 215 feet below the surface for thirty days, studying marine biology, temperature, pressure, currents, and ocean bottom geology. Many puzzling questions remain unanswered, however. Man's warm blood makes it difficult for him to live long in the sea without some kind of warmth. Can our blood be changed to fit new water surroundings? What will happen to our muscles if we live in the water very long? Will they become soft away from our usual land existence? Will bones become weak and our blood pressure change? Scientists are searching for answers. By studying plants and animals deep in the ocean, scientists may find a cure for some of our most serious human diseases. We may learn to use plants to increase our world food supply. Engineers may learn to use the power of the sea by building huge walls to catch the force of the tides. Whether we live in the sea or in outer space, first of all we should think of _
[ "health and food", "safety and temperature", "temperature and oxygen", "pressure, oxygen and gravity" ]
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D
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_5124
For most kids, height isn't something they can change, so what do you do if you don't like how tall or short you are? It might be girls feeling too tall and boys feeling too short but some really tall boys might not like all that height and some shorter girls might get tired of all the jokes or of feeling like they're staying little while their friends are growing up. If you are still worried about your height, talk to your parents and your doctor. Most kids don't have a growth problem that needs help from a doctor, but it's always OK to ask if you're concerned. So for most kids, it seems like there's not much to do but wait to see how it all turns out. But you can do something right now: eat healthy and take care of yourself. If you get the nutrition , sleep, and exercise you need, you're likely to reach your maximum height. In other words, you'll grow as tall as you were meant to grow. And even though you may hear people say it, taking extra vitamins or supplements that you can buy in a store won't help you get taller. Just stick to a healthy diet if you want to be the tallest you can be! Kids who wish they weren't so tall should still eat healthy and take care of themselves, of course. Eating less won't make you end up any shorter unless you really starved yourself and made yourself sick. As they get older, most kids learn to feel comfortable with their height, whether they turn out tall, short, or somewhere in between. If you want to grow taller, you are advised to do the following except _ .
[ "get enough sleep", "take some exercise", "take extra vitamins", "get enough nutrition" ]
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C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_18073
Which action is an example of an exothermic process?
[ "baking bread", "cooking an egg", "making ice cubes", "evaporation of water" ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_19182
Plants brought to the western United States from the eastern United States often die because of
[ "bad planting methods", "small spaces", "the wrong climate", "people kill them" ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_15447
Alexia Sloane is from Cambridge. She was told by the doctor she had a brain tumor when she was on holiday "with her parents in France. After that the two-year-old girl became blind. Though the little girl can't see anything, she has great talent for languages and at the age of 10 she is already fluent in English, French, Spanish and Chinese-and is learning German. Now her dream of working as an interpreter has come true. East of England MEP Robert Sturdy invited her to the European Parliament . "Usually a person who enters the European Parliament should be 14 at least. So it was amazing for Alexia to work there at the age of 10. " said Alexia's mother Isabelle. Alexia can speak three languages since birth. As her mum is hah" French and half Spanish and her dad Richard is English. " She has always been very good at languages and shown an interest from a very young age. " added Isabelle, who also has a four-year-old daughter Melissa. Alexia has dreamed of becoming an interpreter since she was six and chose to go to the European Parliament as her prize when she won the Young Achiever Community Award of the Year . She asked if she could learn from the interpreters and HEP Robert Sturdy agreed to take her along as his guest. " It was fantastic and I decided to become an interpreter, "said Alexia. "Nothing can stop me. " When did Alexia Sloane become blind?
[ "When she was born.", "After she had a brain tumor.", "After she became an interpreter.", "When she was on holiday with her parents." ]
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B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_15766
Some school officials want to change class time from 8:00 a. m. to 9:00 a. m. What do you think ? Here are some students' ideas. Jill : I think it's a good idea ! I usually get up at 6:10 and it's difficult for me . At night I have to do lots of homework and I like to watch TV . I go to bed at about 10:00 p. m. I usually can't catch the bus at 7:30 in the morning . I am often late for school Sally : I don't think it's a good idea . I always get up at 5:30 in the morning . it's the best time of the day . First I do some morning exercises . Then I read and have breakfast . So I will be happy if class begins at 8:00 Bill: I get up at 6:30 . I always go to school without breakfast . A morning class is not good for me . I hope I can go to school after 8:30. , From the passage we know the students always have the class _ in the morning.
[ "at. 8:00", "at7:30", "8:30", "6:30" ]
null
A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_7049
Parties, iPods, concerts, movies, TV shows, video games, traffic. All of these things of the modern world make life entertaining and enjoyable. But our 21st-century lifestyle is also loud and, if we don't take notice, it can have an effect on our hearing. Most teenagers don't think about hearing loss. But if you experience any of the followingsymptoms , you may already be hearing damaged: you make efforts to hear normal talk, you have to turn up the TV or radio so high that others complain, you watch other people's expressions to understand what they are saying, you ask people to repeat themselves, you misunderstand what people are saying or you hear ringing in your ears. iPods and other MP3 players are as common as the clothes you wear, and just as fashionable. But if you turn up an iPod to more than 60 percent of itsmaximum volume , and listen to music for more than an hour, you are asking for trouble. And, it does not matter if the music you play is classical, rock or heavy metal. Some researchers find that young people who break the so-called 60-percent/60-minute rule in listening to iPods are at the risk of suffering hearing loss. Why is an iPod dangerous? With ear buds placed directly in the ear canal and high-volume music played over a long period of time, it's like working in a loud factory all day, being amaintenance person under a jet airplane or using ajackhammer on a building site. Similarly, iPod music can cause a short time orpermanent hearing damage. A loud iPod can cause aruptured eardrum and, over time, may cause permanent damage to the tiny hairs in the inner ear. If these tiny hairs are damaged, they cannot effectively send sounds to theauditory nerves that connect to the brain. If this happens, hearing loss becomes permanent. Which of the following shows that you are suffering hearing loss?
[ "You are interested to listen to others' talking.", "You have to read others' expressions to understand them.", "You can only understand others over the phone.", "You always think you hear the ringing of the phone." ]
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B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_22028
Which likely occurs in the digestive system?
[ "twinkies are converted to usable material", "air comes in and out", "twinkies are baked fresh", "plastic is found here" ]
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A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_21900
What is a source of oxygen through photosynthesis?
[ "lakes", "car engines", "sunflowers", "people" ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_6323
"A child is dying---out of breath!" I had just begun my working day in the city, when those words came through the radio of the police car I was driving. I turned on the red lights and siren and drove off as fast as I could. "Just my luck!" I thought. I did not know this city well and my first call of the day was a life-and-death sudden happening, several kilometers away. I got to the house. A mother, filled with fear, handed me her baby, his face already blue. Was I too late? Dear me! I did what I had been taught to do in such a serious condition. A small thing flew out of the baby's mouth onto the floor. It was a button. Thanks heavens! The holes in it let a little air through. The doctor rushed into the room. He had with him an oxygen bag. The child began to cry at the top of his voice, turned red and started to look for his mother. He was angry but saved. The baby was still living when the writer got to the house because _
[ "the writer arrived in time", "the writer had been taught what to do at that time", "the button was not big enough", "the button happened to have holes in it" ]
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D
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_8896
iD Tech camps Camp Address: 910 E Hamilton Ave. Suite 300 Campbell, California 95008,USA Phone: (888) 709-8324 This summer, encourage the excellent in your child! At iD Tech Camps>> students age 7-17 can learn to code, design video games, engineer robots, model 3D characters, build websites, and Print 3D Capers meet new friends, learn STEM skills, and gain self-confidence. Alexa Cafestem Camp Camp Address:California, Colorado, Georgia, Illinois Phone: (212) 796-8350 This summer, encourage the excellent in your daughter. At Alexa Cafe, girls ages 10-15 d,discover technology in a unique environment that celebrates creativity, and puiamhropy . Girls learn engineering principles, code games, design websites' model and print 3D objects. A Water Planet Dolphine Therapy Camp Camp Address: 203 Greenwood Drive, Panama City Beach, Florida 32407, USA Phone: (850) 230-6030 1-week camp in Panama City Florida where children with Special Needs swim with dolphins. Water Planets dolphin therapy programs use the emotional impact of a dolphins meeting in his own environment combined with expressive art, massage, and music as a beneficial experience. iD Tech Mini Camp Address: a lot of places>> California and more, USA Phone:(323) 287-5580 This summer, encourage the awesome in your child! We've full every half-day camp session with tons of tech awesomeness. Kids ages 6-9 can discover programming, game design, or robotics. And with an emphasis on creativity and exploration, every camper becomes a maker of fun. What number had you better dial to make your kid's more confident?
[ "(888) 709-8324.", "(212) 796-8350.", "(850) 230-6030.", "(323) 287-5580." ]
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A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_18404
Which event becomes more likely during a drought in a prairie ecosystem?
[ "fire", "tornado", "landslide", "earthquake" ]
null
A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_20586
Which of the following is an instinctive behavior?
[ "geese leave colder regions", "a human boy learns to speak French", "a chicken learns to play fetch", "an eagle eats trash" ]
null
A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_2367
Surprisingly, no one knows how many children receive education in English hospitals, still less the content or quality of that education. Proper records are just not kept. We know that more than 850,000 children go through hospital each year, and that every child of school age has a legal right to continue to receive education while in hospital. We also know there is only one hospital teacher to every 1,000 children in hospital. Little wonder the latest survey concludes that the extent and type of hospital teaching available differ a great deal across the country. It is found that half the hospitals in England which admit children have no teacher. A further quarter have only a part-time teacher. The special children's hospitals in major cities do best; general hospitals in the country and holiday areas are worst off. From this survey, one can estimate that fewer than one in five children have some contact with a hospital teacher--and that contact may be as little as two hours a day. Most children interviewed were surprised to find a teacher in hospital at all. They had not been prepared for it by parents or their own school. If there was a teacher they were much more likely to read books and do math or number work; without a teacher they would only play games. Reasons for hospital teaching range from preventing a child falling behind and maintaining the habit of school to keeping a child occupied, and the latter is often all the teacher can do. The position and influence of many teachers was summed up when parents referred to them as "the library lady" or just "the helper". Children tend to rely on concerned school friends to keep in touch with school work. Several parents spoke of requests for work being ignored or refused by the school. Once back at school children rarely get extra teaching, and are told to catch up as best they can. Many short-stay child-patients catch up quickly. But schools do very little to ease the anxiety about falling behind expressed by many of the children interviewed. We can conclude from the passage that the author is _ .
[ "unfavorable towards children receiving education in hospitals", "in favor of the present state of teaching in hospitals", "unsatisfied with the present state of hospital teaching", "satisfied with the results of the latest survey" ]
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C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_15911
There are some vegetables in the garden and a big tree near the vegetables. They don't like each other, because vegetables drink much water, and the tree can't have enough water to live. He is very angry about that. So he wants to teach vegetables a lesson . On a very hot day, the big tree doesn't share its shadow with vegetables. It makes vegetables very hot. But there is not enough water to drink. So they soon become very dry. At that time, the gardener comes to see these vegetables. He is very sad, because all the vegetables are dry. Then he starts to build a new one. The vegetables and the big tree can't drink water any more. The big tree feels very sad, because he uses a wrong way to teach the lesson. Which of the following is TRUE?
[ "The big tree doesn't want to drink any water.", "The big tree always shares its shadow with vegetables.", "The big tree and vegetables start to share water with each other.", "The big tree thinks he is wrong at last." ]
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D
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_19466
Increasing the amount of heat can be done by
[ "adding gas to a fire", "putting a pot on the stove", "covering up with a blanket", "moving to a warm climate" ]
null
A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_3272
We know the famous ones--the Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham Bells --but what about the less famous inventors? What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper ? Shouldn' t we know who they are? Joan Mclean thinks so. In fact, Mclean, a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range, feels so strongly about this matter that she' s developed a course on the topic. In addition to learning "who" invented "what" , however, Mclean also likes her students to learn the answers to the "why" and "how" questions. According to Mclean, "When students learn the answers to these questions, they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try. " Her students agree. One young man with a patent for an unbreakable umbrella is walking proof of McLean's statement. "If I had not heard the story of the windshield wiper' s invention," said Tommy Lee, a senior physics major. "I never would have dreamed of turning my bad experience during a rain storm into something so constructive. " Lee is currently negotiating to sell his patent to an umbrella producer. So, just what is the story behind the windshield wiper? Well, Mary Anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to New York City. The day was cold and stormy, but Anderson still wanted to see the sights, so she jumped aboard a streetcar. Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the windshield, she found herself wondering why there couldn' t be a built - in device for cleaning the window. Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham, Alabama, Anderson started drafting out solutions. One of her ideas, a lever on the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the outside, became the first windshield wiper. Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations. It' s hard to imagine driving without Garrett A. Morgan' s traffic light. It' s equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine J. Blodgett' s innovation that makes glass invisible. Can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses? Tommy Lee' s invention of the unbreakable umbrella was _
[ "not eventually accepted by the umbrella producer", "inspired by the story behind the windshield wiper", "due to his dream of being caught in a rainstorm", "not related to Professor Joan McLean' s lectures" ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_16376
Mr Brown is one of my friends. He can run very fast and likes to show people how fast he can run. One day, a thief got into his house, took some of his things and ran out of the house fast. Mr Brown found it and ran after him, and shouted, "Hey! Don't you know you can't get away from me."But the thief ran much faster, Mr Brown got angry and ran faster, too. He was soon a few kilometers away from his house, he was running hard when he met me. "Why are you running so fast?" I asked. "I want to catch a thief," said Mr Brown. "But where is the thief?" I asked. "Kilometers and kilometers behind," said Mr Brown _ , "He thought he could run faster than me, but you see he is wrong." Who ran faster, Mr Brown or the thief?
[ "No one.", "The writer.", "Mr Brown.", "The thief." ]
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C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_16163
Every minute,someone is setting up an Internet company somewhere, in the worlD. Each one is searching for the one great idea that could make his web company click in a big way.And they are trying all kinds of tricks to attract people towards their websites.While some websites offer sounds,cartoons and amazing photos on screen to make their sites almost a movie-like experience for the viewers,others provide free downloads and competitions. A company in California,US,has decided to offer online smells to people who visit its website. That is,if a pizza image comes on screen,your nose will catch the smell of bread and cheese!All you need to do is to connect a device called"iSmell"with your computer.This smart little device contains some chemicals that can create different kinds of smells. The company has invented software that changes the chemical composition of different smells into digital signals .An onscreen image,which is programmed with the proper digital signal,will start the"iSmell" device.The device will use the software to change' the digital signal again and let go of the correct smell.This device reads the digital smell code from the website and creates the proper smell from its store of chemicals.This smell is then made to blow softly in the direction of the user with the support of a small fan. In order to let go of the correct smell,the company has created a"Scent Registry",which contains a digital index of thousands of smells.The company plans to allow website developers to integrate the proper smells in digital code to their games and images.The company is also hoping that Hollywood filmmakers will use the smell technology in their movies.Imagine audiences getting the smell of rocket fuel as a spacecraft takes off on the cinema screen!Of course,filmmakers will have to be careful not to shoot in dirty neighborhoods,which have a lot of rubbish lying arounD. According to the passage,people experience smells online by _ .
[ "using\"iSmell\" device", "ordering food", "buying special software", "changing chemicals" ]
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A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_18022
Which of the following is the primary advantage of sexual reproduction when compared to asexual reproduction?
[ "There is a greater number of offspring.", "There is more food available to offspring.", "There is greater genetic variety in offspring.", "There is a longer development time for offspring." ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_12006
Here is the tour that's voted "3rdbest tour in London" on the Best Things to Do-TripAdvisor! Hairy Goat is the best and most original tour company in London. Do you like walking around a city and discovering something that makes a great photo? London is full of interesting photo chances and maybe you need someone to lead you to them.The tour is perfect for team events,families,groups of friends and school or college classes. Bring A fully charged camera and plenty of memory cards or film,a drink and wear comfortable walking shoes.Dress for three hours' walking outside. Price PS45 per adult (18yrs and over),PS40 per child (12-15yrs) and full-time students (student ID required).Some tours to be booked and paid in advance.Please call or email for details.Please follow the links on the website or call Corinna at +44(0)7540832771. Meet in front of the Royal Exchange Building at Bank Underground Station.Take Exit 3 or 4 from the underground station. When See the website for scheduled dates. Duration Three hours,at a comfortable walking pace. Finish By an underground station within the city.Location varies daily. A family of four,including a son of 19 and a daughter of 13,should pay _ .
[ "PS180", "PS160", "PS170", "PS175" ]
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D
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_20641
Which of these places is worst for growing oregano?
[ "field", "farm", "greenhouse", "cave" ]
null
D
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_8289
In traditional Chinese medicine, the body, mind and spirit cannot be divided and so the unique whole-body treatment in Tui Na can also be a useful treatment correcting any imbalances in the body's energy before symptoms and disease can develop. It also works to bring back emotional peace as well as physical health. This is why after a Tui Na treatment many people "feel good". Many people in China use Tui Na regularly to keep healthy and to deal with some specific illnesses. Tui Na is performed on the clothed body and the patient is either lying on a couch or sitting on a chair. Therapists , by using a variety of movements, will control the intensity and direction of pressure in an exact way. The unique rolling movement in Tui Na is one of the most difficult movements to learn and students have to practice sometimes for many months on a rice bag before they are allowed to practice on the human body. Stress Tui Na is of course very useful for treating stress. It spreads the energy around the whole body. It is believed that Tui Na moves the strong energy in the tight muscles to the weaker areas, thus making a more balanced body. When your energy flowing inside your body is balanced, you feel relaxed and comfortable. Tui Na is especially useful for _ shoulders and tight neck muscles. Emotions In Traditional Chinese Medicine each major organ is linked to an emotion. By balancing the energy in the organ, the related emotion will be calmed. When your emotions are out of control, you would usually turn to your doctor or perhaps a psychotherapist . But perhaps some people would not like to be seeing a psychotherapist or feel nervous about discussing their problems with others. With Tui Na, one does not need to tell the therapist anything one does not want to. The treatment of Tui Na can deal with the problem itself. But if one does need to pour out his/her worries or troubles, an active dialogue between the psychotherapist and the patient will help to get a better effect. Organs & Emotions Each major organ -- the heart, the stomach, the liver , the lungs, and etc.--are linked to a relevant emotion. The heart is linked to joy, excitement and sadness. If the heart is out of balance, the patient may dream a lot at night and often forget something important in the day. The stomach is connected with too much thinking or worrying about anxiety. When the stomach is out of balance there is often a lack of energy. The patient often feels very tired and has no interest in doing anything at all. The liver is linked to anger. In Chinese medicine, the eyes are connected with the liver, and many people who suffer from anger often suffer from eye problems. The lung rules decision-making and too much energy here can lead to rashness , while if there is too little, it can bring about indecision. When there is a history of depression with a patient, it may have effect on the liver. ks5u Tui Na can help release most of the discomfort and it is used in almost all the hospitals in China and very popular among Chinese people. It is a useful and valuable method for the balance of your energy flowing, when emotional and physical health is out of balance. Tui Na is one of the remaining secrets of Chinese medicine. It can be concluded from the passage that _ .
[ "only by using Tui Na can a patient get rid of his ill emotion", "the discomfort of an organ will result in a certain ill emotion.", "Tui Na treatment is easy for people to master.", "Tui Na treatment is the most suitable for those living in China" ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_8790
You do something about twenty times a minute without even thinking about it--you breathe! In fact, every day you take about twenty-thousand breaths. The organs of your body that allow you to breathe are called your lungs. You have two of them that work together, located in your chest inside the rib cage. The main purpose of your lungs is to breathe in good air and breathe out bad air. The good air contains oxygen, which your body needs. The bad air is a gas called carbon dioxide, which your body cannot use. When you breathe in through your nose or mouth, air travels down the back of your throat. It passes through your voice box and into your trachea, or windpipe. Your trachea is divided into two air passage tubes. One leads to your left lung. The other leads to your right lung. Inside your lungs, oxygen is removed from the air you breathe and pumped into blood cells. Your lungs also get rid of harmful carbon dioxide from these cells. This process takes place inside hundreds of millions of tiny air sacs. Each adult lung is about the size of a football. When they are healthy, your lungs feel a little like a sponge and are pinkish-gray. When lungs are damaged by smoking, they can appear gray or have black spots on them.One disease that is very common in children involves the lungs. It's asthma. Asthma narrows the breathing tubes, making it harder to breathe. You probably already know that your lungs are important when you swim. But you may not know this--your lungs are the only part of your body that can float on water! Which of the following about your lungs is WRONG?
[ "They move about 20 times a minute.", "Generally each person has two lungs.", "They pump the air you breathe into blood cells.", "They can float on water." ]
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C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_22189
Which two objects are likely to be magnetic?
[ "a cell phone and a coffee mug", "a credit card and the register", "a cat and a dog", "a tree and a power line" ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_3600
As if there weren't enough of them in the world already, scientists have succeeded in cloning flies. The alike fruit flies are the first insects ever cloned, says the Canadian team that created them. The question everyone asks is why anyone would want to clone flies in the first place. She hopes that the insects , which are very easy to experiment with , will help to adjust the cloning process in other animals and even in humans, where the technique is being researched to aid production of therapeutic stem cells. In cloning, the DNA-containing nucleus of an adult cell is injected into an egg whose own nucleus has been removed. At the moment, the majority of cloned mice, sheep and other animals die before birth. It is thought this is because the adult DNA is not properly 'reprogrammed'. Using flies, researchers might discover genes that are important for this reprogramming, and that have matches in other animals. That is because it is relatively easy in flies to knock out the function of a single gene and then attempt cloning with these cells, which will test whether that gene is important. If such genes are confirmed, then in theory cloned mammalian embryos might be grown in selected solutions that change the activity of those genes to improve the technique's success rate. Although some groups have attempted to clone insects before, Lloyd says this is the first time it has been successful. The team used a slight difference on the standard cloning process: they transferred nuclei taken from embryos rather than fully-grown adult cells. They sucked several nuclei (pl)out of developing fly embryos, and injected them into a fertilized fly egg. From over 800 early attempts, they cloned five adult insects, the group reports in the journal Genetics. The failure of most cloned animals is due to _ .
[ "the difference of other animals' genes", "the improper technique of clone", "the complex of other animals", "the improper rearrange of the adult gene" ]
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mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_11942
Lying in the sun on a rock, the cougar saw Jeb and his son, Tom, before they saw it. Jeb put his bag down quickly and pulled his jacket open with both hands, making himself look big to the cougar. It worked. The cougar hesitated, ready to attack Jeb, but ready to forget the whole thing, too. Jeb let go of his jacket, grasped Tom and held him across his body, making a cross. Now the cougar's enemy looked even bigger, and it rose up, ready to move away, but unfortunately Tom got scared and struggled free of Jeb. "Tom, no!" shouted his father. But Tom broke and ran and that's the last thing you do with a cougar. The second Tom broke free, Jeb threw himself on the cougar, just as it jumped from the rock. They hit each other in mid-air and both fell. The cougar was on Jeb in a flash, forgetting about Tom, which was what Jeb wanted. Cougars are not as big as most people think and a determined man stands a chance, even with just his fists. As the cougar's claws got into his left shoulder, Jeb swung his fist at its eyes and hit hard. The animal howled and put its head back. Jeb followed up with his other fist. Then out of the corner of his eye, Jeb saw Tom. The boy was running back to help his father. "Knife, Tom" shouted Jeb. The boy ran to his father's bag, while Jeb stated shouting as well as hitting, to keep the cougar's attention away from Tom. Tom got the knife and ran over to Jeb. The cougar was moving its head in and out, trying to find a way through the wall Jeb was making out of his arms. Tom swung with the knife, into the cougar's back. It howled horribly and ran off into the mountains. The whole fight had taken about thirty seconds. How did Jeb try to hold the cougar's attention?
[ "By keeping shouting and hitting", "By making a wall out of his arms", "By throwing himself on the cougar", "By swinging his fists at the cougar's eyes" ]
null
A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_18202
Scientists recorded the hourly temperature at a weather station for the month of July and want to quickly measure a trend over time in temperature changes. Which of these formats would be the most appropriate representation of the temperature data to quickly measure any trend?
[ "bar graph", "line graph", "pie chart", "data table" ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_9296
Songs that make our hearts happy can make them stronger too, US researchers reported on Tuesday. They found that when people listened to their favorite music, their blood vessels _ in much the same way as when they are laughing, or taking blood medications. "We have a pretty impressive effect," said Dr Michael Miller, director of preventive cardiology at the University of Maryland Medical Center in Baltimore. "Blood vessel diameter improved," he said. "The vessel opened up pretty significantly. You can see the vessels opening up with other activities such as exercise." A similar effect is seen with drugs such as statins. When blood vessels open up more, blood flows more smoothly and is less likely to form the clots that cause heart attacks and strokes. "We are not saying to stop your statins or not to exercise but rather to add this to an overall program of heart health," said Miller, who presented his findings to a meeting of the American Heart Association in New Orleans. Miller's team tested 10 healthy, non-smoking men and women, who were told to bring their favorite music. They spent half an hour listening to the recordings and half an hour listening to music they said made them feel anxious while the researchers did ultrasound tests designed to show blood vessel function. Compared to their normal baseline measurements, blood vessel diameter increased 26 percent on average when the volunteers heard their joyful music. Listening to music they disliked -- in most cases in this group heavy metal -- blood vessels narrowed by six percent, Miller said. Miller said he came up with the idea after discovering that laughter caused blood to literally flow more smoothly. "I asked myself what other things make us feel really good, besides calories from dark chocolate of course. Music came to mind. ... It makes me feel really good," he said. Most of the volunteers chose country music but Miller said the style is not so important rather than what pleases each individual. It can be inferred from the passage that _ .
[ "blood clots are caused by heart attacks and strokes", "music is better than chocolate for your health", "the style of music has different effects on different people", "a person's overall health is more influenced by how much exercise he gets" ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_13673
Alice: Good morning, Bob. Bob: Good morning, Alice. Alice: Bob, this is Grace. Bob: Hi, Grace. Grace: Hi, Bob. Alice: Oh, what is that? Bob: It's my green key. Alice: What's this? Bob: It is a ruler. Alice: Is it your ruler? Bob: No. My ruler is red. This ruler is blue. Alice: Grace, is it your ruler? Grace: Oh no. It is Frank's ruler. Alice:40 . 40 _ .
[ "It's your ruler.", "Thank you.", "No, it's my ruler.", "It's a pen." ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_6383
There are many commonly held beliefs about eye glasses and eyesight that are not proven facts. For instance, some people believe that wearing glasses too soon weakens the eyes. But there is no evidence to show that the structure of eyes is changed by wearing glasses at a young age. Wearing the wrong glasses, however, can prove harmful. Studies show that for adults there is no danger, but children can develop loss of vision if they have glasses inappropriate for their eyes. We have all heard some of the common myths about how eyesight gets bad. Most people believe that reading in dim light causes poor eyesight, but that is untrue. Too little light makes the eyes work harder, so they do get tired and strained. Eyestrain also results from reading a lot, reading in bed, and watching too much television. However, although eyestrain may cause some pain or headaches, it does not permanently damage eyesight. Another myth about eyes is that they can be replaced, or transferred from one person to another. They are close to one million nerve fibers that connect the eyeball to the brain, so it is impossible to attach them all in a new person. Only certain parts of the eye can be replaced. But if we keep clearing up the myths and learning more about the eyes, some day a full transplant may be possible. If an adult wears inappropriate glasses, _ .
[ "his eyes will be weakened", "he will suffer a lot from the loss of vision", "it will make no difference to his eyes", "the structure of his eyes will be changed" ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_5397
Question: What is more astonishing than a 60-ton whale on a flatbed truck being driven down the street? Answer: A 60-ton whale on a flatbed truck exploding and raining blubber ( fat of whales) all over the sidewalk. That's what happened in Taiwan recently, when a dead sperm whale being shipped to the Halobios Research Center for an autopsy developed an extremely bad case of gas and blew up before it reached its destination. The whale was found alive on a prefix = st1 /Taiwanbeach last weekend, and died shortly after it was discovered. Since the 56-foot whale was the largest whale ever beached onTaiwan's shores, scientists wanted to study it and perform an autopsy for educational purpose. Obviously, too much time passed between when the animal died and the time it was set to be moved to the autopsy location, because it had already started to go bad. When things rot, they give off gases as a by-product. In the whale's case, the gases were trapped in its belly. The pressure inside the rotting creature grew so much that it popped like an over-filled balloon. Unfortunately, it was on a truck in the middle of the city of Taiwanat the time--- cars and shops lining the street were covered with whale bits and juices, much to their owners' discouragement. According to the news reports, traffic was tied up for hours while officials tried to clean up the streets. Newspaper editors worldwide were probably smiling to themselves, since they had a ready-made headline--- several reports about the incident were titled " There She Blows!" after the famous line from the book Moby Dick. The purpose of the question at the beginning of this news report is to _ .
[ "explain the reason", "sell newspapers", "attract readers", "give an immediate answer" ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_12712
The earth moves round the sun, and the moon moves round the earth. When our part of the earth turns to the moon, it is night. The sun is much bigger than the moon. But sometimes the moon looks bigger than the sun, because it's much nearer to the earth. The sun is very bright. It gives a very strong light. The moon looks quite bright, too. But it doesn't give any light at all. The moon looks much bigger and brighter than the stars. But actually the stars are much bigger and brighter than the moon. They look smaller than the moon because they're much farther away from us. Read and choose the right answer _ moves round _ .
[ "The earth; the moon", "The moon; the earth", "The moon; the stars", "The sun; the earth" ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_8545
Many people watched the lift-off of the space shuttle Columbia on March 21, 1982. But none watched more closely than eighteen-year-old Ted, as Ted's insects were on board the shuttle. The Shuttle Student Involvement Program invited students to make a science experiment. The experiment would be done by astronauts on the space shuttle. Ted had always been interested in space and flight. Insect flight especially interested him. Ted noticed that insects need gravity to take off and land. They need gravity to fly in a straight line. But in space, there is no gravity. Could insects fly in zero gravity? That is what Ted wanted to find out. Ted made an experiment called "Insect in Flight Motion Study". He entered his experiment and soon news came that _ . A large team of scientists and engineers helped Ted get his experiment ready to fly. There were many questions to be answered first. What kind of insects would Ted use in his experiment? The insects would have to be strong enough to live on the shuttle for nine days without much food. What kind of container would hold the insects? Would the insects die during the shuttle flight? After months of hard work, the "insectronauts" were chosen. A group of moths, flies, and honeybees were put into a special box and put onto the space shuttle. When Columbia flew into space, it was carrying insect passengers. On March 24, astronauts Gordon Fullerton and Jack Lousma took out the box that held the insects. They began filming the insects with a special video camera. When the space shuttle landed Ted was able to watch the video film of insects. Just as he thought, most of the insects did have trouble flying in zero gravity. The flies did well. But the moths' flight seemed "uncontrolled". They would often just hang in the air. The bees had the most trouble. They couldn't fly at all! The film showed bees spinning around in all directions. Others were just floating about in the box. Ted learned the answer to his question about insects' flight in zero gravity. But he also learned a lot more. He learned about the hard work needed in making a successful experiment. What did Ted want to find out?
[ "Whether the insects could fly in space.", "Whether the insects could fly in a straight line.", "Whether the insects could land after flying for a while.", "Whether the insects could take off after resting for a while." ]
null
A
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_16161
Mary Walker works at a bank. She begins working at eight in the morning. She has a break at noon for one hour. She stops working at five in the afternoon. At five the bank closes. Everybody goes home. Some people drive home. Some ride bikes. Some take the bus or the train. But Mary walks home. She likes to walk. She walks, and walks, and walks and walks. Mary lives eight miles from the bank. She walks for three hours. At eight in the evening, Mary is at home. She eats dinner. At ten she goes to bed. Mary is tired . She is 82 years old. How far is it from Mary's house to the bank?
[ "Five miles.", "Six miles.", "Seven miles.", "Eight miles." ]
null
D
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_6942
Space is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors but also because of rays from the sun and other stars. The atmosphere again acts as our protective blanket on earth. Light gets through, and this is necessary for plants to make the food that we eat. Heat, too, makes our environment endurable. Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off. As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage. Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in space, The unit of radiation is called "rem" Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1rem without being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been agreed on. The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage. A person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged, and this will not be discovered until the birth of _ children or even grandchildren. Missions of the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high radiation and , during the outward and return journeys, the Apollo crew accumulated a large amount of rems. So far, no dangerous amounts of radiation have been reported, but the Apollo missions have been quite short. We simply do not know yet how men are going to get on when they spend weeks and months outside the protection of the atmosphere, working in a space laboratory. Drugs might help to decrease the damage done by radiation, but no really effective ones have been found so far. We know from the passage that _ .
[ "exposure to even tiny amount of radiation is fatal( )", "the effect of exposure to radiation is slow in coming", "radiation is avoidable in space exploration", "astronauts in spacesuits needn't worry about radiation damage" ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_20461
At 30 degress fahrenheit, water is
[ "hot", "solid", "quenching", "gaseous" ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_5900
I know that for many of you, today is the first day of school. Some of you are probably wishing it were still summer and you could have stayed in bed just a little bit longer this morning. But I'm here because I want to talk with you about your education and what's expected of all of you in this new school year. Every single one of you has something that you're good at. And you have a responsibility to yourself to discover what that is. That's the opportunity an education can provide. Maybe you could be a great writer, but you might not know it until you write that English paper that's assigned to you. Maybe you could be an inventor, but you might not know it until you do your project for your science class. I know it's not always easy to do well in school. I know a lot of you have challenges in your lives right now that can make it hard to focus on your schoolwork. But the circumstances of your life---what you look like, where you come form, how much money you have---none of these is an excuses for neglecting your homework or having a bad attitude in school. I know that sometimes you get that sense form TV that you can be rich and successful without any hard work---that your ticket to success is through rapping or basketball or being a reality TV star. Chances are you're not going to be any of those things. The truth is, being successful is hard. You won't lose every subject that you study. Not every homework assignment will seem completely relevant to your life right at this minute. And you won't necessarily succeed in everything the first time you try. Some of the most successful people in the world are the ones who have had the most failure. J. K. Rowling's first Harry potter book was rejected 12 times before it was finally published. So I expect all of you to get serious this year. I expect you to put your best effort into everything you do. This passage is a speech of _ .
[ "graduation ceremony", "back-to-school day", "campaign", "educational reform" ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_9920
Carbon monoxide poisoning kills and injures many people and animals around the world. The gas has been a problem since people first began burning fuels to cook food or to create heat. It is a problem in all parts of the world that experience cold weather. Carbon monoxide is called the silent killer because people do not know it is in the air. The gas has no color1. It has no taste. It has no smell. It does not cause burning eyes. And it does not cause people to cough. But it is very deadly. It robs the body of its ability to use oxygen. Carbon monoxide decreases the ability of the blood to carry oxygen to body tissues. It does this by linking with the blood. When the gas links with the blood, the blood is no longer able to carry oxygen to the tissues that need it. Damage to the body can begin very quickly from large amounts of carbon monoxide. How quickly this happens depends on the length of time a person is breathing the gas and the amount of the gas he or she breathes in. Carbon monoxide poisoning has warning signs. But people have to be awake to recognize them. Small amounts of the gas will cause a person's head to hurt. He or she may begin to feel tired. The person may feel sick. The room may appear to be turning around. The person may have trouble thinking clearly. People develop severe head pain as the amount of gas continues to enter their blood. They will begin to feel very tired and sleepy. They may have terrible stomach pains. Medical experts say carbon monoxide affects people differently. For example, a small child will experience health problems or die much quicker than an adult will. The general health of the person or his or her age can also be important. An older adult with health problems may suffer the effects of carbon monoxide more quickly than a younger person with no health problems. People with heart disease may suffer chest pains. They may begin to have trouble breathing. Which of the following about carbon monoxide poisoning is true?
[ "Adults are affected more seriously than children.", "Young people are more severely affected than old people.", "People in poor health may have more severe consequences.", "People with heart problem only suffer from chest pains." ]
null
C
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_15933
FOR people who are interested in space, nothing is more exciting than the idea of living on other planets. That might be why the movie The Martian (<<>> ) is so popular. It shows an astronaut struggling to live on Mars. But would it actually be possible to live on the Red Planet? While the idea of living on Mars is great, the reality does not look as good. Mars does not have a friendly atmosphere for humans. There is very little oxygen there. And because of its distance from the sun, it is also very cold. The temperature on Mars can be -62 degrees on average. This is much too cold for humans. However, scientists say it might be possible to live there even without a good atmosphere. Daytime on Mars is almost the same as Earth's. It means there's enough sunlight to grow plants inside safe buildings. However, they would have to grow in soil from Earth. Mars does not have a strong enough atmosphere to stop the radiation coming from space, which makes it dangerous to grow things in the soil. The radiation is also bad for our health. If we want to live there healthily, we need to build our homes under the ground or within the rocks on the planet. This would protect humans from the radiation and also some heat. When could we actually live on Mars? NASA is hoping to make some progress within the next 20 years. Which of the following about Mars is NOT true?
[ "Its atmosphere is not good for humans.", "It has very little oxygen.", "It's colder than Earth.", "It's closer to the sun than Earth is." ]
null
D
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_22366
Ducks might their webbed appendages to
[ "season pizza", "navigate", "sing", "do ballet" ]
null
B
mmlu_stem
mmlu_stem_5396
With a busy life and job, pressure can make you look tired and aged. KissiHealth-BeautyCentergives classes, makes training plans according to your physical conditions, and sets up an individual file. All these things will help you to get to know your body and the way to keep it fit. 1) BODY-BUILDING Imported gym equipment will help you build up your body's muscles, making you look full of energy and strength. 2) GYMNASTIC EXERCISES A bright and large exercise room with excellent equipment and music will give your body a chance to enjoy movement with rhythm. 3) SPECIAL "LAZY-BONE"FITNESSCENTER "Lazy-bone" fitness equipment is the first bodyshaping set of seven beds in Houston. Designed according to human anatomic and kinematic theory, the seven special beds will help you to exercise your waist, abdomen , hips or legs. In the relaxing hours you may try them to strengthen your muscles and lose weight. *Tuition: "Lazy-bone" fitness card, 1000 dollars /month (gymnastic classes included). *Open Time: 10:30 a.m. --10:30 p.m. every Monday, Wednesday, Friday, Saturday and Sunday *Tel: 59185700 *Address: 16 Johnson Street,Houston Tom Everest who keeps a "Lazy-bone" fitness card can go to the center _ this week.
[ "11:30 a.m. Monday", "11:30 p.m. Monday", "10:00 a.m. Tuesday", "10:00 p.m. Tuesday" ]
null
A