dataset string | id string | question string | choices list | rationale string | answer string | subject string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_5563 | NASA has opened the door to the next generation of space discovery by announcing great plans for a base for humans to live on the surface of the moon forever. The project to build a base on the moon will begin soon after 2020, with astronauts living there within four years. The project comes after several excellent scientists and environmentalists asked humans to look beyond Earth to ensure the survival of the species . Eventually, the moon will be a base for humans to explore the solar system and one day land on Mars. NASA began planning for the first moon landing since 1972 when George Bush, the US president, announced his new plan for space exploration four years ago. NASA has already talked about the design of the Orion spacecraft that will replace the old space shuttle fleet in 2010. The plan for the moon base, however, is the first detailed explanation of how NASA intends to prepare for the first manned exploration of deep space and a possible Mars mission within 30 years. Scientists also believe that the south pole on the moon contain rich natural gases such as the rare helium-3 that could be used as fuel for the generation of nuclear power. Besides, teams of astronauts living there for six months at a time would mine for hydrogen and oxygen to make water and possibly rocket fuel. The passage mainly talks about _ . | [
"the USA's new plan for space exploration",
"how to build a base on the moon",
"why to ensure the survival of the species",
"where to get new natural resources"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_5254 | Homonym: a word that has the same spelling and the same pronunciation as another world, but a different meaning Same spelling, different meaning Imagine, then a situation where two words are spelt and pronounced exactly the same way, but have completely different meanings.Welcome to the world of homonyms.Take, for example, the word 'fail' --- it can be a kind of festival, and adjective to describe the color of your hair or how you should play a game. Don't take it literally So how do you know which meaning someone is referring to? --- You don't, except by the context.Obviously, if someone asks you to 'give them a hand', they don't want you to remove what is at the end of your arm. What's in a name? Sometimes even the context doesn't help much --- the result can be amusing.These sentences play with the double meaning of a noun: I used to be a banker, but I lost interest. Have you heard about the cross-eyed teacher who couldn't control his pupils? A small boy swallowed some coins and had to go to hospital.When his grandmother phoned to ask how he was, the nurse said: 'No change yet'. More ambiguity And these examples play with the different meanings of a verb: I wondered why the ball was getting bigger.Then it hit me. No one knew she had a dental implant until it came out in a conversation. A boiled egg in the morning is hard to beat. Double trouble And sometimes a word can be a noun and a verb, but have different meanings.Can you work this one out? Time flies like an arrow.Fruit flies like a banana. If you like these homonyms, you will be pleased to know that English has plenty more! Explanations of jokes in the text I used to be banker, but I lost interest.(I became bored with the job / I lost money) Have you heard about the cross-eyed teacher who couldn't control his pupils? (students / parts of his eyes) A small boy swallowed some coins and had to go to hospital.When his grandmother phoned to ask how he was, the nurse said: 'No change yet'.(no difference in the situation / no money) I wondered why the ball was getting bigger.Then it hit me.(the ball hit me / I suddenly realized) No one knew she had a dental implant until it came out in a conversation.(became known / fell out) A boiled egg in the morning is hard to beat.(can't be better / difficult to mix with a fork) Time flies like an arrow.(time goes quickly) Fruit flies like a banana.(insects enjoy eating fruit.) Which of the following statements about homonyms is NOT true? | [
"They share the same spellings regardless of meanings.",
"We can't know their meanings without context.",
"We may still feel confused even with context.",
"Their ambiguity brings great trouble to our life."
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_2059 | What is one way to change water from a liquid to a solid? | [
"decrease the temperature",
"increase the temperature",
"decrease the mass",
"increase the mass"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_7966 | Doctors are the persons helping people keep healthy. Some doctors use magic, some use needles and others use pills. Who are they? Among the Indians of North America the "medicine man" was a very important person. He could cure illnesses, and he could speak to the spirits--the supernatural forces that controlled the world. The Indians believed that bad spirits made people ill. So, when people were ill, the medicine man tried to help them by using magic--he spoke to the good spirits and asked for their help. Many people were cured because they thought that the spirits were helping them. But really these people cured themselves. Sometimes your own mind is the best doctor for you. The medicine men were often successful for another reason, too. They knew about plants that really can cure illnesses. A lot of modern medicines are made from plants that were used by medicine men hundreds of years ago. For more than five thousand years only Chinese doctors have used needles to fight illnesses. This method is called acupuncture . The doctor studies the sick person carefully. Then he puts needles into that person's body at the right places for his illness. Chinese doctors believe that they can control the body's natural forces in this way. At first, doctors in the West thought that this was just another kind of magic. Recently, however, they have found out that it is possible to cure many illnesses like this because the needles help the body to produce its own "medicines". In this way the body cures itself. Acupuncture, in fact, _ . | [
"is the only way to cure many dangerous illnesses",
"can be used to cure all kinds of illnesses",
"is effective to cure many illnesses",
"is popular among the western people"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_19119 | Seasons are caused by | [
"weather patterns",
"earth's movement pattern",
"weather changes",
"weather cycles"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_275 | Mammals must eliminate waste products that their bodies produce. Which organ helps mammals eliminate bodily waste? | [
"appendix",
"kidney",
"pancreas",
"stomach"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_5097 | The ecosystem is 1ike a chain.If any of the links are broken,the whole system is in danger.This is why wetland protection has been put high on the agenda in recent years.Zhao,vice--director of the State Forestry Administration,says nearly 60 percent of the country's natural wetlands are still not under effective protection.Most Chinese people are ignorant about the importance of protecting the wetlands. Ocean,forestry and wetlands are the three global ecological systems.Wetlands can conserve and purify water resources, prevent flooding and help protect the ecosystem. As well as ecological values, they can also offer economical returns. In recent years,many wetlands have become farmland.Drawing too much underground water,hunting and fishing also ruin their ecological system. Every year,the wetlands in the Sanjiang Plain of Northeast China provide habitat for birds.Local residents search the area for the birds' eggs. They consider the eggs to be a natural gift. rather than wildlife that should be protected. If they were educated,perhaps this is one activity that could be brought to an end. China is now ready to make a plan to save some of these areas.Some have been restored to raise awareness among the public.But these moves are not enough.There should be laws in place to provide legal support to the fight. Environment protection is a campaign which needs support from everyone in society.Education may be the first step. What will happen if wetland is not under protection yet? | [
"Birds won't have their eggs.",
"China will have more wetland.",
"The chain of ecosystem will be broken.",
"There will be few floods."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14877 | This is a room in Kate's house. There is a big bed, a table, a computer and some chairs in it. There's a glass and some books on the table. There is a picture on the wall. Kate is in the room. She is looking at the picture. Her father and mother are in the school. They work hard. Is there only one room in Kate's house? | [
"Yes, there is.",
"There is a bed.",
"There is a computer.",
"I don't know."
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_18855 | Frank needs to move a box by sliding it across the floor. Which two factors will most strongly affect how hard Frank needs to push the box? | [
"The density of the box material and the hardness of the floor",
"The thickness of the box material and the hardness of the floor",
"The total mass of the box and the friction between the box and the floor",
"The total height of the box and the distance between his hands and the floor"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_817 | A researcher examines a marine organism that is the size of an average human hand. Without more information, which statement about the organism is most likely accurate? | [
"It is mobile.",
"It has organ systems.",
"It is made of many cells.",
"It makes its own food."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_2077 | Which object is the best conductor of electricity? | [
"metal fork",
"rubber boot",
"plastic spoon",
"wooden bat"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_5744 | In late summer or early fall the large, yellow seed heads of sunflowers will be ripening. If gardeners can keep off the birds and other wildlife trying to eat the seeds, they can have a large harvest. The bright yellow blooms will make a rainbow garden, brightening up any space. However, planting the sunflower seeds is a skilled job. Plant seeds no deeper than the full length of itself. Smaller sized sunflowers can be spaced a foot apart. Larger varieties will need to be spaced as far apart as three feet. This allows ripe plants enough space for the seed heads to ripen without knocking the ripe seeds off before gardeners have a chance to harvest them. Most sunflower seeds, especially those with eatable seeds, are large enough to handle without the need for seed sorters. This is why sunflowers make an excellent choice for a children's garden as well. Gardeners will want to mix plenty of soil fertilizers into the ground as sunflowers tend to be heavy feeders. Sunflowers can be slow starters and the tiny new plants don't seem to grow very rapidly. Gardeners should protect the new plants as they begin to grow. Once they get going, sunflowers are able to _ many weeds, making them easier to grow in the home vegetable garden than many other plants. Most pests and diseases are not a bother to the sunflower, however, more than one gardener has said that their lovely looking plants were destroyed overnight by hungry squirrels, mice or birds. To preserve their harvest, gardeners can cover the ripening seed head with stockings or net cloth to help keep the destroyers off the seeds. Planting sunflower seeds is easy and can help even the smallest gardener feel successful in their gardening attempts. Why should enough space be left between sunflowers? | [
"To prevent birds from eating sunflower seeds.",
"To offer the sunflowers enough sunlight.",
"To protect the ripe seed heads before harvest.",
"To help the sunflowers grow stronger."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_17401 | A snail's shell provides the snail with | [
"food.",
"energy.",
"protection.",
"transportation."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_21128 | Animals are unable reproduce if they are dead or cannot find a mate, so it is in their best interest to avoid animals that want to | [
"laugh",
"sing to them",
"murder them",
"kiss them"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14394 | Hello! My name is Becky Sharp. I'm 11 years old. I have one brother. His name is Jason and he's 14. I don't have any sisters. We live with our mum, dad and grandma in a small house in Chesterfield, in the north of England. There are lots of things to do here. My friends and I sometimes go to the cinema on Saturdays. Do you like sports? I like football. My favourite team is Manchester United. I sometimes play football with my brother. I am good at it but my brother isn't. I have lots of pets---one tortoise and six goldfish . I want a dog or a cat, but my mother doesn't like them. There are _ people in Becky's family. | [
"three",
"four",
"five",
"six"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_13403 | Mr. Rock has some apple trees in his garden . He looks after them carefully . Now there are very good apples on the trees and Mr. Rock is happy. This afternoon when he looks out of the window, he sees a boy in one of his apple trees. He is eating the nice apples! Mr. Rock opens the window and shouts. "Hey! What are you doing there? Come down and go away, or I'll go to see your father!" "Dad!" the boy looks up and cries , " Mr. Rock wants to see you!" Mr. Rock wants the boy _ . | [
"to see his father",
"to come down",
"eat the apples",
"to be in the tree"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_20318 | As an individual is forced to pedal harder on a bicycle their pulse rate | [
"stays the same",
"decreases",
"stops",
"increases"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_12418 | Amy had three sons, Dave, Bill and Bob. Every year her sons sent her expensive gifts on her birthday. The eldest son Dave had a lot of money and he wanted his mother to have the most expensive gifts, but he didn't know what to buy. So he put an ad in the newspaper. " Wanted ---- the greatest gift for my mother." About a week before his mother's birthday, a man came to his office. He brought a big bird. This bird can speak six languages and sing eight songs," the man said." ".Really? I'd like to listen to it, " Dave said. The man made the bird talk in French and tell a joke in Japanese. Then the bird sang a beautiful song. Dave was very happy and paid eight thousands dollars for the bird. The next day Dave sent the bird his mother with a birthday card. The day after his mother's birthday he called his mother, " Well, mother," he asked, " What do you think of the bird?" " Oh, it's very delicious, dear," said his mother. How much did the bird cost Dave? | [
"$8",
"$80",
"$800",
"$8000"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_15207 | Hello, I'm Lily. I am a student of No. 6 Middle School. I like singing and dancing. I can sing pop music very well. I like eating meat, because I think it's very delicious. I am good at English, because I like it very much. My mother is a shop assistant. She likes listening to Zhang Xueyou's songs. She always goes shopping with me. She's good at maths. When I have problems with maths she often helps me. My father is a manager. He always goes to the park with me. My father is good at Chinese and he also likes pets very much. My sister is a student of fourteen years old. She's a small famous singer in the city. She likes singing and dancing. She can sing very well. How many people are there in Lily's family? | [
"Three",
"Four",
"Five",
"Six"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_5710 | An aspirin a day keeps the doctor away. Aspirin has long been praised as a wonder drug and has been in your family since you can remember. Not only does it cure pain, it also lowers the risk of heart attack and stroke . But taking the pills daily may not work for everyone. Although taking an occasional aspirin or two is safe for most adults to use for headaches,body aches or fever, daily use of aspirin can have serious side effects. Up to 60 per cent of us,both healthy people and those being treated for all types of heart disease, may have some level of resistance to aspirin' s benefits. Aspirin keeps platelets from sticking, lowering the risk of clotting . People who are aspirin - resistant still get pain relief but not the full blood - thinning effects. How do you know whether you' re resistant? New blood tests can help your doctor decide whether to give you a different medicine, especially if you' re at risk or are being treated for heart disease. The tests aren' t yet widely available, but it doesn' t hurt to ask. People taking aspirin daily should limit the amount of alcohol they drink because of its additional blood - thinning effects and potential to upset your stomach. Thus you should not have more than one drink if you' re a woman or two dr/nks a day if you' re a man. Does daily aspirin treatment differ between men and women? Recent studies have focused on the effects of aspirin in women, finding that its effects differ between the sexes, and for women, between age groups. All in all, aspirin is still an effective, affordable and simple option for many people at risk of heart attack and stroke. Though it is readily available, always check with your doctor before starting daily aspirin treatment. Aspirin has got the reputation of a wonder drug because _ | [
"an aspirin a day keeps the doctor away",
"it can make people feel less painful",
"it helps to prevent heart attacks and strokes",
"it doesn' t have any serious side effects"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_1856 | What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis? | [
"absorbing oxygen",
"reflecting green light",
"absorbing light energy",
"blocking carbon dioxide"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_4333 | Its often interesting to take a look at some of the lists that arrive toward the end of the year such as top devices, best gadgets, most desirable high-tech gift and more. Apart from cell phones and tablets, and Apple and Samsung products, this year many other gadgets made it on the most wanted list from Yahoo Tech and the most searched list from Bing. com. Read on to find out what they are. Wireless headphone Portable Bluetooth headphones represent the next evolution in headphone technology. If you have a compatible smartphone with Bluetooth, the obvious benefit is that you can get rid of the wires snaking from your backpack or pocket. Many of the wireless headphones in the market also have a built-in microphone for taking calls hands-free. Product to buy: Beats Studio Wireless Features: Signature look, and powerful audio performance with intense bass and high-mid boosting, plus plenty of accessories. Price: 1898 yuan Smartwatch The primary advantage of a smartwatch over traditional watches is that they reduce how often you have to pull your phone out of your pocket. With it, the information on your smartphone goes straight to your wrist, and you can decide first if they are worth dealing with. Product to buy: Pebble smartwatch Features: Understated design, with easy setup and instant information, and customizable watch faces, plus synes with Android or IOS. Price: $99 (about 612 yuan) Portable Bluetooth speaker Bluetooth speakers are steadily growing in popularity because they let you take the party anywhere. They can be paired with your music device, and they are able to withstand incidental bumps. Though small in size, Bluetooth speakers provide a steady soundtrack for even the lengthiest bacchanalia . Product to buy: Logitech UE Boom Features: Water and stain resistant, 360-degree sound, 15 hour battery life, with a variety of color patterns. Price: 1499 yuan Fitness band Basically, fitness bands are smartwatches without the watch. They keep track of your exercise progress and, at the same time, allow you to monitor vitals such as your heart rate, calories burned and amount of time spent exercising. Some even monitor your sleep patterns. Product to buy: Fitbit Flex Features: Long battery life (five days), with silent vibrating alarm, and wireless syncing to smartphones. Price: 898 yuan How much money is he likely to spend on some of the products if a man is an enthusiastic musical fan? | [
"3397 yuan",
"1510 yuan",
"2397 yuan",
"2510 yuan"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_3451 | Everyone knows what a needle is. Of course there are needles and needles. Needles for sewing machines, needles for injection , you name it. But few people think of the wonder a needle works in the hands of those who practice acupuncture . During the past ten years or so, I have been suffering from terrible headache. It seems to be getting from bad to worse these days . Last night I got a sudden pain in my head. It was so terrible that I could hardly bear it. Although I swallowed all kinds of pain-killers, I didn't feel any better, It seemed that there was nothing I could do but phone for a doctor. One of our neighbors happened to be with us. He was not a doctor, but he timidly offered his help, saying "Do you mind if I tried acupuncture on you? These needles may possibly do you some good." I agreed. In a moment, he had taken out a few needles from his purse. Without a moment's delay, he fixed a few needles into the skin on my head here and there, Before long, I felt thoroughly relieved. Just then, the doctor sped through my house and said, "Where is our patient?" "Sorry, Doctor, You are too late, It's killed!" I answered in delight. It's a miracle , isn't it? Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? | [
"the neighbor fixed needles on his own head",
"The neighbor is a kind-hearted person.",
"The man's pain was killed before the doctor arrived",
"Soon after the acupuncture, the man was completely recovered."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_11218 | The green turtle is listed as endangered by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. Under the U.S. Endangered Species Act of 1973, the green turtle was listed as threatened except for the breeding populations in Florida and on the Pacific coast of Mexico, where it is listed as endangered. Green turtles continue to be caught for money by humans, and the destruction and loss of nesting and foraging sites is a serious problem. Humans have already caused the decrease of large green turtle populations, including those that once nested in Bermuda and Cayman Islands. The situation of green turtle populations is difficult to determine because of our lack of knowledge about their life cycles. The number of nests in Florida appears to be increasing, but we don't know whether this is due to an increase in the number of nests or because we have started to monitor nesting beaches more closely. The green turtle is the largest hardshelled sea turtle. Adults of this species commonly reach 100 cm in length and 150 kg in mass. The average size of a female nesting in Florida is 101.5 cm straight in length, with an average body mass of 136 kg. Growth rates of green turtles have not been measured under natural conditions. Green turtles grow slowly. In the southern Bahamas, green turtles grow from 30 to 75 cm in 17 years, and according to Bjorndal and Bolten, growth rates decrease with increasing length. Growth rates measured in green turtles from Florida and Puerto Rico fall within the range of growth rates measured in the southern Bahamas. Based on growth rate studies of wild green turtles, the researchers Balazs, Frazer and Ehrhart estimate the age of sexual maturity can range anywhere from 20 to 50 years. The main idea of the passage is to tell us _ . | [
"something about an endangered animal",
"how green turtles got extinct",
"how heavy a green turtle is",
"how long a green turtle can live"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_22347 | Which of these industries is most likely to effect an ecosystem? | [
"food",
"coal",
"solar",
"retail"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_11183 | If you want to keep healthy, you should have good habits. What is a habit? It is something we do very often. We don't even think when we do it. It has become a part of our lives. "Early to bed, early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise." This is an old English saying. Do you know what it means? It means that we must go to bed early at night and get up early in the morning. If we do, we shall be healthy, rich and clever. Is this true? Perhaps it is. We know the body must have enough sleep. Boys and girls need eight or nine hours' sleep every day. Some people go to bed late at night and get up late in the morning. This is a very bad habit. Then you will not think or do your work well. Of course, you can't be healthy, wealthy or wise. When we get up early in the morning, we can go out and do morning exercises. Exercise means doing things with the body. Walking, running jumping, swimming, and playing ball games are all exercise. If we don't exercise, our body will become weak. Exercise helps the blood to move around inside our body. Blood takes food to all parts of our body. Our body also needs air to breathe. Without air, we will die. We must have lots of clean fresh air if we want to be healthy. That is why many people like to go out to do morning exercise. Which sport is NOT mentioned in the passage? | [
"Jumping.",
"Swimming.",
"Riding.",
"Running."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_21934 | What would a polecat leave in a chair? | [
"poles",
"poetry",
"hair",
"dusk"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_12800 | The Internet joins millions of computers all over the world, and it's used by people all over the world. It was invented in the 1960s in the USA. The American government needed a network of computers for its army. Then in the 1970s scientists and businesspeople also wanted to use the Internet to send and receive messages. For some years, they weren't allowed to use US network, and when they were allowed to, the messages were in very simple text without photos. The World Wide Web was invented by a British scientist named Tim Berners-Lee in 1989. He wanted to send documents to other scientists. So he developed the World Wide Web. This allowed him to send and receive scientific documents with text, drawings and photos. In the 1990s, more and more people began to use the Internet and the World Wide Web. So, what's the difference between Internet and the World Wide Web? The Internet is the hardware .It allows us to communicate with other people. The World Wide Web is the software. It allows us to create , see, and read multimedia documents. The web is made up of millions of documents called web pages. These pages are held in computers all over the world. Many people have a favourite website with a number of web pages on the same subject. Email is a way of using your computer to send and receive messages. It's cheaper and quicker to use email than send normal mail. New users call normal mail "snail mail" because it's so slow. It took 50 years for 100 million people to listen to the radio. It took 15 years for 100 million people to watch television. By the year 2000, it had taken only about three years for 100 million people to use the Internet. What will happen next on the Internet? According to the passage, which of the following is not true. | [
"Tim Berners-Lee developed the World Wide Web.",
"At first, the message were in very simple text without photos.",
"Web pages are held in computers all over the world.",
"The World Wide Web allows us to communicate with other people."
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_22034 | Cars are big polluters because they release toxins from the gas into the air making it | [
"healthier to breathe",
"unhealthy to breathe",
"candy",
"space"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_22021 | Lungs are to hampsters as ________ are black tipped sharks. | [
"gills",
"hearts",
"stomachs",
"fins"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_9511 | No one knows why we sleep, but it's certain that we need to. People who are prevented from sleeping begin to suffer obvious effects after a few days--they think less clearly, and they fall asleep during the working hours; some may have hallucinations . There are no rules about sleep. Generally speaking, grown-ups sleep about 7 and a half hours each night and probably more than 60 per cent get between seven and eight hours. But perhaps eight per cent are quite happy with 5 hours or less, and four per cent or so find that they want ten hours or more. If you feel all right, you're probably getting enough sleep. The important thing is not to worry how much other people get--their needs may be different. Exercise doesn't seem to increase the need for sleep--office workers, for example, sleep for about as long as people doing physically active work. Children sleep more than grown-ups--perhaps 14 to 18 hours soon after birth, going down to grown-up levels by early teenage. Sleep patterns also tend to be different in the elderly, who may sleep less at night than they did when younger, find sleep getting more broken, and often make it a rule to sleep during the daytime. According to the passage, some people are unable to think clearly because _ . | [
"they have hallucinations",
"they feel sleepy during the working hours",
"they don't have enough sleep",
"they are certain to be kept from going to bed"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_3749 | NASA on September 28, 2015 announced the strongest evidence yet for liquid water on the red planet, increasing the possibility that astronauts journeying to Mars could someday rely on the planet's own water for their drinking needs. You may feel like you've heard about the hunt for liquid water on Mars before--and the researchers involved know it may seem played out. But science has yet to truly prove that water flows on Mars once and for all, and doing so could completely change the way we view the planet. This new data is a big step in the right direction. "Liquid water is an attractive topic, and we like the thousandth time someone has discovered water on Mars," Lujendra Ojha, the Georgia Tech PhD candidate who led the research announced Monday, told The Post. But there's a good reason that liquid water is so "attractive": Mars is now the only planet in our solar system to show evidence of the stuff on its surface, other than _ . Other worlds have it in subsurface oceans, or scattered around as vapor in the atmosphere. But Mars is the only place where we have solid evidence for liquid that sits right there in the open air. While it would be a major leap to suggest that Mars might harbor life--even microbial life--liquid water at least makes it possible that parts of the planet are habitable. The study builds on research from April, when scientists using data from the Curiosity rover noted that the planet had the seasonal potential for liquid water. We know that because of the extremely low pressure on Mars, water has a boiling point of just a few degrees Celsius, after which it evaporates. The April study noted the presence of perchlorates --a kind of salt--which could make the boiling point of Mars' water much higher, theoretically allowing it to remain liquid. They affirmed that the planet's temperature would be right for liquid, perchlorate-filled water to form every day during winter and spring. What plays an important role in making Mars' water in the state of liquid? | [
"The thick atmosphere around Mars.",
"The physical structure of Mars.",
"The extremely low pressure on Mars.",
"Perchlorates in Mar's water."
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_21770 | friction is used for stopping a vehicle by | [
"running",
"singing",
"smelting",
"squeezing"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_1948 | Kate sees a full moon. About how much time will go by before the next full moon? | [
"one week",
"two weeks",
"one month",
"one year"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14055 | Honey bees are a kind of animal most of us learn about very early. In summer, many people step on honey bees and get stung while walking without wearing shoes. Honey bees are normally about third fourths of an inch long. Most bees are workers, which are female, but some are male, called "drones ". Workers are a little smaller than drones. Honey bees live in a nest, called a "hive". A hive can have up to 80,000 bees, mostly workers. It usually lies in a tree with a hole inside. The hive is ruled over by a queen bee. She is the largest bee in the hive, and she is the only female to mate. Males usually just hang around; their only purpose is to mate with the queen. Then they die. The workers do all of the work inside and outside of the hive. Their jobs include: caring for baby bees, cleaning up the hive, making honey... Honey bees are usually very friendly, and they mind their own business. They are too busy to worry about people or other animals. If a person is hardworking, we can say he is as busy as a bee. Are you a bee? Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? | [
"There is only a queen bee in a hive.",
"A queen bee is the largest bee in the hive.",
"Male bees work very hard for other bees.",
"Bees like to make nests in a tree with a hole inside."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_9857 | Sir John a British scientist who won last year's Nobel prize for medicine, said he had predicted at the time of his frog experiments that the successful cloning of a mammal would happen within 50 years.and that "maybe the same answer is appropriate" far the step to human cloning. Parents who lose children in accidents may be able to clone "copies" to replace them then. Although any attempt to clone an entire human would raise complex moral issues, the biologist claimed people would soon overcome their concerns if the technique became medically useful.Cloning was regarded with extreme doubts when it was first developed but became widely accepted after the birth of Louise Brown, the first "test tube baby" He said, "When my first frog experiment.s were done, an American reporter asked how long it will be before these things can he done in mammals or humans I said, 'Well, it could be anywhere between 10 years and 100 years-how about 50 year ?' It turned out that it wasn't far off the mark as far as Dolly was concerned.Maybe the same answer is appropriate." Sir John added that cloning a human being effectively means making an identical twin, and doctors would therefore simply be "copying what nature has already produced" The average vote on allowing parents of deceased children, who are no longer fertile , to create another using the mother's eggs and skin cells from the first child, thinking the technique was safe and effective, is 60 per cent in favor.The reasons for "no" are usually that the new child would feel they were some sort of a replacement for something. . According to the text, which statement is NOT true? | [
"Louise Brown is the first \"test tube baby\".",
"Human cloning is still a controversial topic.",
"Sir John is positive about the future of human cloning.",
"Human cloning is creating something that didn't exist before."
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_17516 | What causes nighttime and daytime on Earth? | [
"the Sun rotating on its axis",
"Earth rotating on its axis",
"Earth revolving around the Sun",
"the Moon revolving around Earth"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_12136 | Flying over a desert in an airplane, two scientists looked down with trained eyes at trees and bushes. After an hour's flight one of the scientists wrote in his notebook, "Look here for probable metal." Walking across hilly ground, four scientists reported, "This ground should be searched for metals." From an airplane over a hilly wasteland a scientist sent back by radio one word "Uranium". None of the scientists had X-ray eyes: they had no magic powers for looking down below the earth's surface. They were merely putting to use one of the newest methods of locating minerals in the ground -- using trees and plants as signs that certain minerals may lie under the ground on which the trees and plants are growing. This newest method of searching for minerals is based on the fact that minerals deep in the earth may affect the kind of bushes and trees that grow on the surface. At Watson Bar Creek, a mineral search group gathered bags of tree seeds. Boxes were filled with small branches from the trees. Roots were dug and put into boxes. Each bag and box was carefully marked. In a scientific laboratory the parts of the forest trees were burned to ashes andtested. Each small part was examined to learn whether there were minerals in it. Study of the roots, branches and seeds showed no silver. But there were small amount of gold in the roots and a little less gold in the branches and seeds. The seeds growing nearest to the tree trunk had more gold than those growing on the ends of the branches. If the trees indicated that there was no gold in the ground, the scientists wouldn't spare money to pay for digging into the ground. The study of trees, branches and roots indicated that _ . | [
"there were larger amounts of gold in the branches far from the tree trunk than in the seeds",
"there were smaller amounts of gold in the tree roots deep in the ground than in the branches",
"there were larger amounts of gold in the seeds growing closer to the tree trunk than in the seeds farther from it",
"t... | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_13611 | "An old village woman in her seventies from Zhenjiang Province rented a small house in Shanghai and let visitors to the World Expo live there for free while she slept on a little couch. Her kindness moved _ people." Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said so at the Expo 2010 Shanghai China on October 31 when it ended. It is a true story. The heroine of it is Ying Miaofang, an old woman from a village of Zhuji City in Shaoxing of Zhejiang Province. "I rented a house in Shanghai and received more than 330 Expo visitors during three months' time. My house was never empty during that period." Ying told reporters. She also said it was worth helping so many people to visit the Shanghai World Expo and she was praised by Premier Wen. In the late of last May. Ying Miaofang paid 1,800yuan per month to rent a small house near Changning Road in Shanghai, and spent more money on a new air conditioner, a refrigerator, a TV set and other things. She published her phone number in the newspaper and opened the house for Expo visitors for free on June 23. Besides providing a free living place., Ying got up very early every morning to buy food, cook breakfast, clean rooms and wash clothes for those guests. Many of her guests wanted to pay some money to her when they left, but she refused. In order to support the Shanghai Would Expo, Ying spent about 20 thousand yuan in all, which could not be regarded as a little money for a woman from a village. The house cost Ying Miaofang _ yuan during three months. | [
"330",
"1,800",
"5,400",
"20,000"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_7970 | Mr. and Mrs. Martin live in New York. Mr. Martin is a doctor and his office is in New York. Mrs. Martin teaches music at a school in New York. They have two sons. Their sons' names are Ted and Roy. Ted is twenty years old. He is now in Taiwan. He is studying Chinese. He went to Taiwan last month and is going to stay there for two years. Roy is thirteen years old. He goes to high school. He likes sports very much. He likes swimming best. He can swim faster than his father. He wants to be the best swimmer in his school. How long will Ted stay in Taiwan? _ . | [
"Twenty years.",
"Two years.",
"Seven years.",
"Thirteen years."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_4658 | I had been to several doctors as a child, but I have a special place in my heart for Dr. Vincent. He was a Pediatric Cardiologist at UCLA back in 1971 who saved my life. I was eight years old at the time with a severe heart problem and I needed heart surgery. My Mom did not have the money, and without the surgery there was a real good chance I would not live to be thirteen years old. After contacting several organizations Dr. Vincent was able to get financial help for me through United Way, a Crippled Children's Organization. Dr. Vincent was a handsome man; he was also very gentle and caring. I remember being in the hospital for an Angiogram test, and during the procedure I was crying terribly, so the medical staff called in Dr. Vincent to calm me down, and he was able to comfort me when no one else could. Then the time came for me to have heart surgery; there was a fifty- percent chance that I would not make it through the surgery because it was experimental. At the time I was only the second or third person to have this procedure done. I was absolutely terrified, and again Dr. Vincent reassured me he would see to it that everything would be all right. I had a lot of confidence and trust in Dr. Vincent; He came to see me after the surgery, which was extremely painful but very successful, and brought me a stuffed animal. I was so surprised to get this gift from Dr. Vincent; I gave him a hug. I guess Dr. Vincent must have known I was feeling very lonely and scared. You see, I had no family or friends visit me while I was in the hospital except for my Mom, and I am not sure why. I do know one thing; I had a wonderful doctor who took the time to help a scared little girl who felt all alone. This was twenty eight years ago, so wherever you are Dr. Vincent, I want to thank you for not only saving my life, but you helped me live a normal productive life, and for showing me that you truly cared, for that I will be eternally grateful to you. Which of the following is true except _ . | [
"the operation was experimental.",
"she didn't trust in Dr. Vincent",
"the operation would be extremely painful",
"she felt scared and all alone"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_11695 | An Australian 3-year-old boy was described as a hero after saving his mum from an almost certain death by calling emergency services right after she collapsed because of an epileptic attack . Aiden McDonald amazed the doctors who arrived at Jeanine McDonald's house 10 minutes after Aiden called 000. The boy was very calm and spoke to the doctors as his mother got into an unconscious state. Sacha Lewis took the strange call and sent out an ambulance immediately. Aiden answered questions during the 19-minute call that made it clear it was a serious matter. Lewis said, "He sounded worried and was telling me things like 'Mummy is not awake', so I got an idea that it was a fairly serious matter." This is part of the "conversation" they had: "Can I talk to Mummy please?" "Mummy's not well." "How old are you, sweetheart?" "I got a duck." "Can I talk to Mummy?" "I can't get my Mummy." "Where is she?" "On the floor. Mummy's had a faint " "Do you live in Kallangur?" "We've got milk in the fridge and, urn, (pause) I can't find the ambulance (crying,) Mummy, Mum...Mum...Mum..." Mrs. McDonald, who was making a cup of tea when she collapsed, was taken to hospital and allowed to leave the same night. "After hearing what he did I thought, no, that can't be right," Jeanne McDonald said. "But I'm so proud." Jeanine McDonald received medical help about _ after she suddenly became unconscious. | [
"10 minutes",
"20 minutes",
"30 minutes",
"one hour"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_6535 | Life on Mars could become a reality and it could happen in your lifetime. A welcoming planet Scientists say Earth's neighbor Mars, a bright red planet about half Earth's size, is the most likely to support human life. Mars even has frozen water on its surface. Since the late 1990s, NASA has been exploring Mars using remote-controlled vehicles . Most recently Curiosity, a car-size vehicle, traveled through space on an unpiloted spacecraft and landed on Mars in August 2012. Directed by NASA scientists , the vehicles move on the surface, taking pictures , collecting and analyzing soil, and looking for signs of life. But what about human explorers? Plans are already in the works to send astronauts to Mars as soon as the mid-2030s. _ But before you start packing your bags, let's consider the challenges. For starters, Mars is far away. Just getting there could take up to 10 months. Scientists already know that time away from Earth's gravity harms the human body. Bones and muscles get weaker. The body produces less blood. What damage would months and months of living in space do? And then there is the matter of water, oxygen, food and fuel. Scientists will have to find solutions to these problems, or the first humans on Mars won't survive very long in their new home. Tiny Dangers There's another tinier risk. It's so tiny that you can't even see it: germs. Some scientists believe that our germs could pollute the whole planet of Mars. Potentially killing Martian life before we have the chance to discover it. Worse, there is a small but terrifying chance that any microscopic life already there might be harmful to us . Worse still, if any of those Martian germs were brought back to Earth, the result could be disastrous. Animals, plants, and people could be wiped out. Worth the $$$? A more practical concern is the cost. The price could approach $ 1 trillion . How can we justify spending that much when so many problems--poverty, disease--could use the cash here on Earth? By "Tiny dangers" the author means _ . | [
"there is no serious danger",
"people won't be in any danger",
"it's difficult for people to realize the danger",
"the danger may be caused by very small things"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_4368 | An electric signal can trick a monkey's brain into believing the animal's finger has been touched. Touch something, and your brain knows. The hand sends signals to the brain to announce contact was made. But that feeling of touch may not require making actual contact, tests on monkeys now show. Zapping brain cells can fool the animal into thinking its finger has touched something. A person who has lost a limb or become paralyzed may need an artificial limb to complete everyday tasks. But such patients may not truly feel any objects they hold. The new findings point toward one day creating a sense of touch in those who use such artificial limbs. Psychologist Sliman Bensmaia of University of Chicago worked on the new tests. His team's findings appeared on October 14 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. The sense of touch is crucial to everyday tasks: People without _ may have difficulty cracking an egg, lifting a cup or even turning a doorknob. That's why restoring it is a major goal for designers of artificial limbs. In their new study, Bensmaia and his co-workers worked with rhesus monkeys . The scientists implanted electrodes --- small devices that can detect and relay an electrical signal--into the animals' brains. The scientists used the electrode data to identify which neurons had become active. Then the scientists used the implanted electrodes to zap those same neurons. And the monkeys reacted as though their fingers had been touched. In fact, they hadn't. The monkeys couldn't use words to tell the scientists what they had felt. Instead, they communicated by looking in a particular direction--just as when they had really been touched. The new findings show how touch-sensitive devices could be built. The new study also offers " a nice clear pathway" for figuring out how to restore a sense of touch to an amputee or someone with a injury of spinal cord. The study shows how artificial limbs might be connected to the brain so that a person can "feel" with such a prosthesis . But such a supersensory device doesn't exist yet and scientists have a lot of work to do before people will benefit from it. Researchers must first figure out whether the electrodes would work in people in the same way they do in monkeys. " I think the foundation is laid for human trials," Bensmaia said. The passage is mainly about _ . | [
"restoring a sense of touch",
"fooling a clever monkey",
"making new artificial limbs",
"sending a signal with a touch"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_3483 | Governments and health officials around the world continued to take steps Tuesday against the outbreak of swine flu that has killed scores of people in Mexico and spread to the U.S., Europe and possibly Asia. By early Tuesday, the swine flu outbreak in Mexico had caused in 152 deaths and more than 1,600 illnesses. So far, at least 113 cases have been proved worldwide, including 64 in the United States; six in Canada; 11 in New Zealand and two each in Spain the United Kingdom and Israel. None has yet resulted in death. The World Health Organization on Monday raised its alert level from three to four on its six-level scale. The move means the U.N. agency has determined that the virus can transmit from human to human. "In this age of global travel, where people move around in airplanes so quickly, there is no region to which this virus could not spread," said Fukuda, assistant director-general of the WHO. Governments around the world struggled to prevent further outbreak. Some, like China and Russia, banned pork imports from the United States and Mexico. U.S. President Barack Obama said the outbreak was a cause for concern, not for alarm. The government urged travelers to avoid non-essential travel to Mexico. The latest WHO report listed only seven proved swine flu deaths in Mexico but it was not clear why there was the discrepency. Mexico City has closed all schools until at least May 6 to help curb(control) the spread of swine flu and ordered 35,00 public venues to close or serve only takeaway meals. In addition, bars, clubs, movie theaters, pool halls, gyms, sport centers and convention halls have been told to close until May 5. Armed police officers are also guarding hospitals in Mexico City while roads and schools in the city of 20 million people are deserted. Officials also have talked about shutting down the bus and subway systems. How many people were found catching swine flu in Spain? | [
"2.",
"11.",
"6.",
"64."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_18675 | Humans need food to grow and survive. Food that is not used immediately by the body for energy is | [
"stored for future use",
"converted to water for energy",
"used to remove wastes from cells",
"transformed into oxygen for survival"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_7089 | Scratchy throats, stuffy noses and body aches all spell misery, but being able to tell if the cause is a cold or flu may make a difference in how long the misery lasts. The American Lung Association (ALA) has issued new guidelines on combating colds and the flu , and one of the keys is being able to quickly tell the two apart. That's because the prescription drugs available for the flu need to be taken soon after the illness sets in. As for colds, the sooner a person starts taking over-the-counter remedy, the sooner relief will come. The common cold and the flu are both caused by viruses. More than 200 viruses can cause cold symptoms, while the flu is caused by three viruses - flu A, B and C. There is no cure for either illness , but the flu can be prevented by the flu vaccine, which is, for most people, the best way to fight the flu, according to the ALA. But if the flu does strike, quick action can help. Although the flu and common cold have many similarities , there are some obvious signs to look for. Cold symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose and scratchy throat typically develop gradually, and adults and teens often do not get a fever. On the other hand, fever is one of the characteristic features of the flu for all ages. And in general, flu symptoms including fever and chills, sore throat and body aches come on suddenly and are more severe than cold symptoms. The ALA notes that it may be particularly difficult to tell when infants and preschool age children have the flu. It advises parents to call the doctor if their small children have flu-like symptoms. Both cold and flu symptoms can be eased with over-the-counter medications as well. However, children and teens with a cold or flu should not take aspirin for pain relief because of the risk of Reye syndrome ,a rare but serious condition of the liver and central nervous system. There is, of course, no vaccine for the common cold. But frequent hand washing and avoiding close contact with people who have colds can reduce the likelihood of catching one. According to the passage, to combat the flu effectively, _ . | [
"one should identify the virus which causes it",
"one should consult a doctor as soon as possible",
"one should take medicine upon catching the disease",
"one should remain alert when the disease is spreading"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_1366 | A simple food chain includes hawks, lizards, and insects. Which will most likely happen to the lizard and hawk populations if a pesticide is sprayed to kill the insects, and the lizard and hawk populations cannot find other food in this ecosystem? | [
"Both the lizard population and the hawk population will increase.",
"Both the lizard population and the hawk population will decrease.",
"The lizard population will increase, but the hawk population will decrease.",
"The lizard population will decrease, but the hawk population will increase."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_10852 | Once there was a baby eagle living in a nest on a cliff .The baby eagle loved his nest.It was warm, soft and comfortable.And even better, he had all the food and love that his mother could give.Whenever the baby eagle was hungry, his mother would always come just in time with the delicious food he liked. He was growing happily day after day.But suddenly his world eagle changed.His mother stopped coming to the nest, he was full of sadness and fear.He thought he would die soon.He cried, but nobody heard him. Two days later mother appeared with some nice food.The baby eagle was wild with joy.But his mother put the food at the top of the mountain and then looked down at her baby. The baby eagle cried out, "Mum, why did you do this to me? I'm hungry.Don't you know I will die if I have nothing to eat?" "Here is the Last meal I give you.Come and get it by yourself." his mother said.Then she flew down and pushed the baby eagle out of the nest. The baby eagle fell down, faster and faster.He looked up at his mum." Why do you abandon me?" He looked down at the earth.The ground was much closer.Then something strange happened.The air caught behind his arms and he began to fly! He wasn't moving to the ground any more.Instead, his eyes were pointed up at the sun. You are flying! You can make it!" His mother smiled. Which of the following is TRIJE about the baby eagle's life before his mother stopped coming to the nest? | [
"lie lived in a nest in the tree.",
"He was always cold and hungry.",
"He lived very happily with friends.",
"His mother offered him nice food."
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_15335 | When the traffic lights turn red, we will stop driving a car or crossing a street. Why is red used for traffic lights instead of other colors? As we know, scattering happens when light goes through the air. For the same media , if the _ is long, the sscattering will be short. If the wavelength is short, then the scattering will be long. Of all lights we can see, red has the longest wavelength. So the scattering is the weakest. That means the red light travels far. In fact, it travels farther on rainy days. Using the red light can help drivers in farther places see the lights. It helps drivers slow down or stop in time. So there will be fewer accidents. Moreover, red can also excite people. We can act more quickly when we see the color red. In a word, red lights help drivers stop in time and help prevent accidents. Which of the following is the best title? | [
"Why do accidents happen",
"How does the red light travel",
"Why do we use red traffic lights",
"The colors of the traffic lights"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_4677 | April 11, 2003 12:44 a. m. PST, Associated Press The respiratory virus known as SARS has appeared to spread in the United States only to family members of health workers with close contact to a sick person. On Thursday, the head of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said there might be a case of severe acute respiratory syndrome spreading through the workplace. Dr. Julie Gerberding said a suspected SARS virus patient who became ill after traveling to Asia might have infected a co-worker in Florida, which made her "very worried". So far, a dozen people--nine family members and three health workers--were infected after coming into close contact with the person with SARS. The rest of the 166 suspected American cases have something to do with people who were infected while traveling in Asia. In the Gainesville, Fla. area, a 47-year-old woman was believed to have been infected at work by a 60-year-old woman who was the nation's first suspected SARS case, said Tom Belcuore, director of the Alachua County health department. Since the World Health Organization announced a worldwide warning last month about SARS, the United States has started infection control in hospitals and among families of suspected cases. Florida officials said a school in Okaloosa County went through a cleaning after a 6-year-old boy suspected of having SARS appeared at school with slight symptoms. "Health officials are watching the boys' contacts at school to make sure no one else is infected," said Rob Hayes, health department spokesman, "The boy may have been infected from a family member," Hayes said, "We immediately became aware of it and had the child sent home. He's staying at home with his family until 10 days after symptoms disappear." The researchers guessed that the virus might have come from animals. However, the scientists have not ruled out the possibility that some other microbe might also help make SARS more serious or easier to catch. The writer wrote this text mainly to _ . | [
"discuss the danger of SARS",
"report research result about SARS",
"inform people of the spread of SARS",
"explain to the readers what SARS is"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_22182 | If a person's age is celebrated in adulthood, then it happens every | [
"12 months",
"24 days",
"six weeks",
"twelve hours"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_8020 | A small group of people around the world have started implanting microchips to link the body and the computer. Mr. Donelson and three friends, who had driven 100 miles from their homes in Loockport, New York, to have the implants put in by Dr. Jesse Villemaire, whom they had persuaded to do the work, are part of a small group, about 30 people around the world, who have independently put in microchips into their bodies, according to Web-based reports. At a shop William Donelson was having a four-millimeter-wide needle put into his left hand. "I'm set,"he said with a deep breath. He watched as the needle pierced the fleshy webbing between his thumb and a microchip was set under his skin. At last he would be able to do what he had long imagined: strengthen his body's powers through technology. By putting the chip inside--a radio frequency identification device (RFID)--Mr. Donelson would have at his fingertips the same magic that makes safety gates open with a knock of a card, and bridge and tunnel traffic flow smoothly with an E-Zpass. With a wave of his hand he plans to connect with his computer, open doors and unlock his car. Implanting the chip was relatively simple task but very meaningful to Mr. Doneselson, a 21-year-old computer networking student so interested in the link between technology and the body that he has data-input jacks inside his body. _ might lead to an imagined future when people can be connected directly into computers. His new chip is enclosed in a glass container no bigger than a piece of rice and has a small memory where he has stored the words "Technology". Some doctors have done the piercing in people's homes, and others have implanted chips in their offices after patients signed forms showing the fact that long-term studies have not been done on their safety. Piercers treat the implants much like any other medical operation steps, instructing people to keep the site dry, and advising them that swelling and redness should last a week. What will happen to the site on the body after the operation? | [
"There will be swelling and redness.",
"The site will be dry.",
"Nothing will happen at all.",
"The pain will remain for a week."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_15337 | Rules in the reading room Hello, everyone. Welcome to the school reading room. We hope you have a good time here. Before you go into the reading room, there are some rules you need to keep. 1.The reading room is open from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. from Monday to Friday. 2. Don't take your bag into the reading room. 3. Don't talk loudly in the reading room. 4. Don't take any food or drink into the reading room. 5. Take only one book at a time. After you finish reading the book, you must put it back and then you can take another one. Don't take many books to your seat. 6. Before you leave, you must the book to the bookshelf. You can't take any book out of the reading room. How long is the reading room open every day? | [
"Ten hours.",
"Nine hours.",
"Seven hours.",
"Eight hours."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_3740 | Imagine having an idea, drawing it on paper, bringing it to a store and seeing it turned into a physical object. This is now possible with the help of 3D printers. Such machines were once used just by universities and big companies, but now, stores with 3D printing services are appearing around the United States. Bryan Jaycox and his wife opened The Build Shop LLC in Los Angeles two years ago. The store is filled with tools like a laser cutter, an industrial sewing machine and 3D printers. The Jaycoxs offer 3D printing classes and services for anyone who is interested. "I think 3D printing is going to be huge. It's going to have a huge effect on society as a whole." One of the students in a recent class was KiChong Tran. He plans to open a 3D printing business in Cambodia. 3D printing services are becoming available for American consumers. The UPS Store is a nationwide retailer ( ) that provides shipping, copying and other services. The UPS Store recently put 3D printers in three of its independently-owned stores. Burke Jones owns one of the stores in San Diego. "The demand has been amazing. It's been much more than I would have imagined." The UPS Store plans to add 3D printers in three more stores. At The UPS Store, the cost of the object depends on the amount of materials used. The store charges up to $95 an hour to design the object with computer software that creates a digital file to guide the printer. Mr. Jaycox predicts that within five years, 3D printing technology could become more popular. But KiChong Tran says even current technology can make a difference in a developing country like Cambodia. "With 3D printing, you can give them tools; you put it in their hands so they are responsible more for their own development and they learn skills beyond just learning English and becoming a tour guide or something like that or working at a bank; you can actually create things that give value to the world." He says it's not just in Cambodia but anywhere where there is a 3D printer that it can turn a good idea into reality. The purpose of the passage is to _ | [
"attract consumers to buy 3D printers",
"explain the importance of 3D printing",
"introduce a new technique-3D printing",
"describe the rapid development of technology"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_679 | The Moon lacks weather and climate changes like those on Earth. What causes the lack of weather on the Moon? | [
"the lack of water",
"the presence of igneous rock",
"the very thin atmosphere",
"the lack of magnetic poles"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_3881 | The purpose of keeping fit is to avoid illness ,resist the mental and physical fatigue that make us more likely to contract infections ,and above all to feel more pleasure in being alive. Research has shown the value of a balanced diet ,fresh air, sunshine ,enough rest and some forms of regular exercise for everyone .If everyone followed this plan ,the number of people visiting the doctor and going to hospital would be considerably reduced. Unfortunately ,although most people acknowledge the importance of physical fitness ,not enough of us put this into practice .We spend too much time watching others from the comfort of an armchair or a seat in the stand at a sports stadium. One reason why people who are physically fit to live longer is that they do not put the heart under excessive strain and so they reduce the risk of heart and blood vessel diseases .They also avoid suffering the consequences of weakened muscles ,which are the cause of a great deal of back and abdominal trouble. About 640 muscles for about 45% of our body's weight ,they must have the ability to store energy and be continually supplied with fuel by the blood .Sensible exercise ,suited to each individual and preferably undertaken on the advice of a doctor ,is the best insurance of meeting these requirements. Why do people want to prevent illness? | [
"Because they want to avoid health.",
"Because they want to add mental and physical fatigue.",
"Because they want to feel happier and live longer.",
"Because they want to obtain much more money."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_16531 | When Christie Andrews was born, she weighed less that half of one kilogram. Her heart was the size of a large coin. Her mother said Christie was so small that she could hold her in the palm of one hand. Christie couldn't breathe without a machine to give her oxygen. If she had been born 20 years earlier, she would probably have died at once. She needed two operations, but she survived without serious damage. Twenty years ago , 90% of all premature babies died. Today, doctors manage to save four out of every five, because they have better machines for breathing and better ways to feed the babies. But saving Christie's life cost more than $ 400,000. In some cases, doctors spend 1 million dollars saving a single child. The parents usually don't have enough money to pay. The government, an insurance company or the hospital picks up the bill. Even after a baby goes home from the hospital, it may require medical care. Some people think it makes more sense to spend money saving 10 adults who have cancer or other diseases than saving one small baby. But nobody wants to be the doctor who has to tell parents to their faces, "Sorry, I won't save your new child." Parents don't pay their babies' hospital bills because _ . | [
"they don't have enough money",
"they would rather save cancer patients",
"doctors don't care if the babies die",
"it makes more sense to have a bigger baby"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_11423 | Coca-Cola is probably the most famous brand in the world, and in some areasyou can even access it easier than clean drinkable water. Although the company is trying to present itself as a health-conscious company, you can't really say that drinking cola is healthy for you. Still, we all drink cola, some more and some less, and we tell ourselves that it's all okay as long as we don't overdo it. However, Coca-Cola has other functions besides drinking. Cola removes the tarnish from old pennies. Got some old rusty pennies? Not to worry! Put them inside a glass of cola and let them rest for a while. When you get them out, you'll have shiny pennies that will look as if they were coined a couple of days ago. If you couldn't clean those pennies with industrial acids, just buy a can of cola and let it do its magic! You can remove gum from your hair with cola. If you've got gum stuck in your hair and don't know a better way to get it out, don't worry, you won't have to cut it. Just pour some cola into a bowl and dip the part of your hair with gum on it inside. Leave it for a couple of minutes and then simply wipe off the gum. You can make an exploding fountain. You probably know about this one. You can make an exploding fountain by putting a mint inside a two-liter bottle. Then move away from the bottle and get ready for a Coca-Cola explosion. This is a fun thing to do, but it is also a warning -- don't eat a mint and drink cola at the same time, because a similar thing could happen to your stomach. What's the main idea of the text? | [
"The major ingredients of Coca-Cola.",
"Why Coca-Cola is popular among the young.",
"Some of the strangest uses of Coca-Cola.",
"Why we can't drink Coca-Cola too often."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_202 | Which is a chemical change? | [
"Element 1 is hammered into a thin sheet.",
"Element 2 is heated and turns into a liquid.",
"Element 3 turns a greenish color as it sits in air.",
"Element 4 is ground up into a fine, slippery powder."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_12990 | Animals have the ability to make people understand them, especially when they are in serious danger and hope to get help from man. And they often go together to help one another. One day, I visited my friend Jack on a sheep farm in North America. Suddenly one sheep came to cry in front of us. She made the most painful cries. Jack said ,"Something must be wrong. Come on, Mike. Let's follow her." Together we followed the sheep back to where she was feeding on the farm. She rushed forward and kept on looking back to see if we were coming. She finally took us to an old well , and we heard the sad voice of her young baby that had fallen into the well. As the well had no water and was only six feet deep, we took a ladder and climbed down. After a few minutes, the baby sheep was saved. The mother sheep looked happy with the successful result of the _ . She came to tell us her trouble and got help. How amazing! When Mike and Jack went to the well, they found a _ in it. | [
"man",
"ladder",
"sheep",
"wolf"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_678 | A male fruit fly is homozygous dominant for gray-body color (G) and is crossed with a female fruit fly that is homozygous recessive for ebony-body color (g). What are the probable phenotypes of the offspring? | [
"25% gray, 75% ebony",
"50% gray, 50% ebony",
"100% ebony",
"100% gray"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_9169 | It was not the first time for Shi Benliang, a senior physics major at Peking University, to feed cats. But the 22-year-old felt sad when he saw the scars and wounds on the bodies of the little creatures. "I can imagine how they have suffered from being abandoned. They lead a harsh life wandering around," said the student..Shi is one of a dozen students at the university volunteering to feed the stray cats during the winter break. Recruited by the Stray Cat Rescue Association at the university through a Bulletin Board System (BBS), he took turns with other students to care for the homeless animals. It is estimated that there are more than 100 stray cats on the campus of Peking University. Jin Jing, 18, an economics freshman at the university, cared for the cats for two days. "At around 5 pm I cycled to the 22 feeding sites on campus marked on a special map," she said. "At each site I left some cat food and water."Jin was excited when the animals rushed to her feet. "Some are shy and timid, and others are more outgoing. Each of them has their own name such as 'Sweet Orange' or 'Karl Marx'," she said. "By feeding them I learned to respect life." Liu Chenhao, a senior electronics and computer science major, who is in charge of the association, said that feeding was just one part of their responsibilities."Our aim is to keep the stray cats in check and maintain harmony between them and the students on campus," he said. The organization also takes cats to the animal hospital to be treated for oral and skin disease. Another of its major tasks is to find new homes for the cats by uploading their photos and information online. "We're very careful when selecting owners and ask them lots of questions to ensure that they won't desert their cat under any circumstances, such as when they move house or get married," Liu said. But he stressed that their acts of kindness shouldn't encourage anyone to abandon their cat. "A cat's normal life expectancy is more than 10 years, but a stray one may survive for only two or three." (365words) We can infer from the passage that _ . | [
"A married woman is not qualified to adopt the cat.",
"A stray cat may live shorter than the ordinary cats.",
"Volunteers can feed the stray cats in any place they like.",
"There are more than 100 stray cats on the campus."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_19069 | the mantle is | [
"a level of our planet",
"the planet closest to ours",
"a kind of rock found on Earth",
"the deepest part of our planet"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_6014 | A ground-based system that uses much stronger signals than GPS can find your location in cities and indoors. It is a new positioning system that could compete with GPS to make sure you never lose your directions again. Instead of satellites, Locata uses ground-based equipment to send a radio signal over a localized area that is a million times stronger on arrival than GPS. It can work indoors as well as outdoors, and the makers claim that the receivers can be shrunk to fit inside a regular cell phone. Even the US armies, which invented GPS technology, signed a file last month agreeing to a test of Locata at the White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico. "This is one of the most important technology developments for the future of the positioning industry," says Nunzio Gambale, CEO and co-founder of the firm Locata, based in Griffith, Australia. As for the Locata's correctness, Christopher Morin of the US Air Force tested it recently at White Sands, and it worked to within 18cm along any axis . Morin said it should be possible to get the _ down to 5cm. The tests were performed in an open desert where GPS also worked beautifully, but its signal was weak--like a car headlight from 20,000 kilometers away--and easily cut off by solid objects . Locata's signal was far stronger, though not guaranteed to work in a complex urban environment, said David, speaker of the UK' s General Lighthouse Authorities. Locata's technology will face competition in the race to transform indoor navigation. But it could shine in specific areas, Gambale said. Robots with Locata could easily navigate inside buildings without the complex optical systems they need at the moment. And the process that handles correct location data could not only guide you around a mall, railway station or airport, but also take you to the exact shelf in a shop for the product you want. It would be small and cheap enough for smart phones and it should be available within five years--a similar path to the one GPS took on its way towards the world, he said. The passage is written mainly to _ . | [
"encourage people to buy the Locata",
"tell us the disadvantages of the GPS",
"introduce a new positioning system Locata",
"tell us that Locata will replace GPS one day"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_9061 | Category : prefix = st1 /Tours/ Guides Ad Number:508 Date Posted: 27/05/2006 Price:$1297 for 7 days Expires On: 03/12/2007 Description Subscribe to FREE Focus e - newsletter online. Focus on Mexicowebsite provides FREE comprehensive information about living, retiring, working or investing inLake Chapala,Mexico. Covering all topics; health care, cost of living, driving to Mexico, non - residency for Canadians, taxes, banking and investing, communications, real estate(renting or buying), immigration, Mexican legal system, safety, religion, the Lake, transportation, things to do, charities, clubs and organizations and more.... In addition, we offer 7- Day and 10- Day Focus on Mexico Programs where you can experience(test drive)Lake Chapala to see if it is for you. Hear from Experts at live conferences, all the meals are covered at excellent restaurants, all the trips included, even some cocktail parties. Meet the locals and get the straight goods. There is no better way to get all the information and the experience and no better way to find out in Mexicois right for you. "Mexicois the next destination of the Baby Boomer generation. And ' Focus onMexico' is the best way to get there. Whether it's real estate(buying or renting), immigration advice, health care, legal matters - or just about anything else, the friendly Focus on Mexico group can provide these services with expert advice and at a ridiculously low cost. Canadians and Americans couldn't hope for better." From Paul Jackson, Associate Editor, CalgarySun. Seller Information Contact: Marie Telephone: 376 - 766 - 3987 Dwyer - Bullock APDO 1179 Chapala, Jalisco E- mail: marie @ focusonmexico. com 45900 Mexico Web Site:http://focusonmexico.com In how many ways can you get further information directly from Marie? | [
"One.",
"Two.",
"Three.",
"Four."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14657 | My name is David. I'm 23and I'm a middle school teacher. I go to the school at 7:30 in the morning. I like sports. I play basketball every day. My name is Jake Smith. I'm in China with my kids . I have a daughter and a son. My daughter Lisa is in Huangzhou Middle School. She likes yellow and white. My son Eric is only 6, but he can play ping--pong. I'm Mary. I'm 10. My brother Nick is 11. He likes to play tennis after school. I have a nice room. It is tidy. But my brother's room is not the same. His books are always everywhere. Jake has _ kid(s). | [
"one",
"two",
"three",
"four"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_22140 | What's used by migrating animals to find locations? | [
"global positioning system satellites",
"a sense of smell",
"our planet's magnetic patterns",
"the stars in the night sky"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_11799 | The Cuban iguana is a species of lizard of the iguana family. It is the largest of the West Indian rock iguanas, one of the most endangered groups of lizards. This species with red eyes and a thick tail is one of the largest lizards in the Caribbean. The Cuban iguana is mainly _ : 95% of its diet consists of the leaves, flowers and fruits from as many as 30 plant species, including the seaside rock bush and various grasses. However, Cuban iguanas occasionally eat animal matter, and individuals have been watched eating the dead flesh of birds, fish and crabs. The researchers wrote that quite a few people on Isla Magueyes could have caused this incident. The Cuban iguana is living throughout the rocky southern coastal areas of mainland Cuba and its surrounding islands with a wild population growing rapidly on Isla Magueyes, Puerto Rico. It is also found on the Cayman Islands of Little Cayman and Cayman Brac, where a separate subspecies occurs. Females guard their nest sites and often nest in sites half destroyed by Cuban crocodiles. To avoid the attack from them, the Cuban iguana often makes its home within or near prickly-pear cacti . In general the species is decreasing, more quickly on the mainland than on the outlying islands. One of the reasons for their decrease is habitat destruction caused by the over consuming of farm animals, housing development, and the building of tourist resorts on the beaches where the animals prefer to build their nests. Although the wild population is decreasing, the numbers of iguanas have been sharply increased as a result of captive-breeding and other protection programs. How many reasons are mentioned for the habitat destruction? | [
"Two.",
"Five.",
"Four.",
"Three."
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14564 | Now, it may be difficult to predict the future, but many people believe that we will live on Mars by the year 2100. Our own planet, Earth, is becoming more and more crowed and polluted. Well, what problems will we need to solve before we prepare to go to Mars? First of all, transport should be much better. At present, humans need to spend months going to Mars by spaceship. However, by 2100, spaceship can travel at half the speed of light. It might take us two or three days to get there! Secondly, humans need food, water and air to live. Scientists should develop plants that can be grown on Mars. These plants will produce the food, water and air that we need. However, there is no answer for all the problems now. There is also a problem for us to live on Mars. Mars attracts us much less than the Earth does. This will be dangerous because we could easily jump too high and fly slowly away into space there. We will have to wear special shoes to make ourselves heavier. In some ways, life on Mars may not be better than that on the earth today. Food will not be the same --meals will probably be in the form of pills and will not be as delicious as they are today. Also, space travel will probably make many people feel very uncomfortable. Why do we want to live on Mars? | [
"Life on Mars is more interesting than that on the earth.",
"The earth is becoming dirty and crowded.",
"The journey to Mars is very interesting.",
"The scientists want us to do that."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_17190 | The atoms that make up oxygen gas | [
"share two covalent bonds.",
"have a definite shape.",
"share a pair of neutrons.",
"have two free electrons."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_16720 | One cold winter morning, an old woman had to go to see her doctor. When she walked into the doctor's office, she told him that her right leg hurt and sometimes she could not walk. She asked him what was wrong. She told him that she had never had such a feeling before. The doctor checked the old woman carefully, then he said, "You're in good health for a woman of your age. I think the trouble in your right leg is just a matter of old age catching up with you. We get all kinds of illness as we get older. The trouble will almost certainly end in spring." "I don't think so, doctor!" she said. "My left leg is well, and it's the same age as my right one." What did the doctor think of the woman? | [
"She was young enough",
"She was not ill",
"She got all kinds of illnesses",
"She must do a lot of exercise in spring"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_13540 | One day an old man is selling a big elephant . A young man comes to the elephant and begins to look at it slowly. The old man goes up to him and says in his ear, "Don't say anything about the elephant before I sell it. Then I will give you twenty dollars." "All right," says the young man. After the old man sells the elephant, he gives the young man twenty dollars and says, "Now, can you tell me how you found the elephant's bad ears ?""I didn't find the bad ears," says the young man. "Then why are you looking at the elephant slowly?" asks the old man. The young man answers, "Because I didn't see an elephant before, and I want to know what it looks like." The young man is looking at the elephant slowly. He wants to find out--------- _ . | [
"which foot of the elephant is bad",
"how heavy it is",
"which ear of the elephant is bad",
"what it looks like"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_21463 | Tearing an object changes that object's | [
"formation",
"biology",
"chemical composition",
"nutrition"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_3412 | On August 5 at 10:31 p.m. PST, a rover named Curiosity touched down safely on the surface of Mars, and I was lucky enough to have a front-row seat. My name is Clara, and when I was in Grade 6, I won the essay contest NASA held to name its next Mars rover. The essay I wrote was not even 250 words long, but somehow it was enough to change my life. I still remember that cold December day, sitting in a science class. I'd finished a worksheet early and decided to get a Time for Kids magazine off Mrs. Estevez's bookshelf. It was the 2008 Invention Issue, but that wasn't the only thing that caught my eye. In the magazine, there was an article about a girl who named the Mars Exploration Rovers, Spirit and Opportunity. The article also talked about the essay contest NASA was holding to name its next Mars rover. Before I even knew anything else about it, a single word flooded my 11-year-old mind: Curiosity. I couldn't wait for the bell to ring so I could get started on my essay. That afternoon, I raced home from the bus stop, sat down at the computer and typed until my fingers ached. It turned out that I was just in time. A few days later, and the contest would have closed. Five months later, shortly after I had turned 12, I was watching a National Geographic special on mammoths when the phone rang. My mom answered, and immediately, a wide smile spread across her face. When she told me that I had won, I was happier than I could ever remember being, I screamed and ran up and down the stairs and all around the house. I completely forgot about the mammoths and did not even remember to turn off the TV until it was really late. Curiosity is such an important part of who I am. I have always been fascinated by the stars, the planets, the sky and the universe. I remember as a little girl, my grandfather and I would sit together in the backyard for hours. He'd tell me stories and point out the stars. My grandfather lived in China, thousands of miles away from my home in Kansas. I loved the stars because they kept us together even when we were apart. They were always there, yet there was so much I didn't know about them. That's what I love so much about space. No matter how much we learn, it will always possess some mystery. In the past, space exploration may have been a competition to see who got somewhere first or the fastest. But now, it is one of the few things that bring people together. Science is a language that needs no translation. It doesn't matter where you're from or what you look like - you just have to have a thirst for knowledge and a passion for learning in order to succeed. People often ask me why we go to faraway places like Mars. Why do we explore? My answer to that is simple: because we can; because we're curious; because we as human beings do not just stay holed up in one place. We are constantly wondering and trying to find out what's over the hill and beyond the horizon. The curiosity rover is more than just a robot. It is more than just a titanium body and aluminum wheels. Curiosity represents the hard work, passion, love and commitment of thousands of people from all over the world who were brought together by science. Science is so awesome. It is breathtaking and mind-blowing; and sometimes, it's just a little bit crazy. The discoveries we make about our world are incredibly humbling. They move us forward and have the potential to benefit all of mankind. This December it will be four years of my life that have been tied to Curiosity in some way. I've met so many amazing people through this experience, from scientists to engineers to administrators to volunteers. Their devotion and enthusiasm inspire me greatly. My journey with Curiosity and the MSL mission team has shaped the person that I am today, as well as the person I would one day like to become. I am deeply grateful to everyone who made it possible for me to have this amazing adventure. And to you, I hope your curiosity takes you far. The writer mentions her grandfather in order to show that _ . | [
"she missed him very much.",
"he knew a great deal about space",
"he influenced her to love the stars",
"she treasured their happy moments"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_16968 | We use passwords to keep our personal information secret and safe, but some passwords we use may not be as reliable as we think. Splash Data, a computer security company, recently released a list of the 25 worst passwords of 2011.This list is based on the research of _ files containing stolen passwords. According to the list, "password" is the worst and most common password. Many others on the list are numbers in order either forward (for example,1234) or backward. Letters on the keyboard in order, such as "qwerty" are also common, as well as some first names and animals. "Hackers can easily break into many accounts just by trying common passwords again and again, " said Morgan Slain, CEO of Splash Data. How can you make a strong password? It should be eight characters or more, with a mix of letters, numbers and symbols. One way to create a long and easy-to-remember password is to separate short words with spaces or numbers. Having safe passwords is necessary for surfing the Internet safely. But it's not the only thing you must do to keep safety online. Here are some other web safety tips: *Never give out information that will allow someone to find you offline. That includes your full name, address and phone number. *Don't include your real name as part of your online screen name. *Never meet people you met on the Internet in person. If you insist on breaking this rule, meet in a very public place and consider taking an adult with you. Top 10 worst passwords: 1.password 2. 123456 3. 12345678 4. qwerty 5. abc123 6. monkey 7. 1234567 8. letmein 9.trustno1 10. dragon Which is the worst and most common password? | [
"abc123.",
"monkey.",
"password.",
"123456."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_20011 | Which activity involves exerting force on an object with a foot? | [
"basketball",
"kickball",
"softball",
"volleyball"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_20837 | Which would result in the worst consequences if placed in a full bathtub? | [
"a wooden duck",
"a powered toaster",
"a toy boat",
"an unpowered toaster"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_20563 | When the body needs to rid itself of potentially toxic elements within it, what process is utilized? | [
"process of purging",
"process of circulation",
"process of respiration",
"process of cooking"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_6569 | Redwood trees are the tallest plants on the earth,reaching heights of up to 100 meters.They are also known for their longevity,typically 500 to 1000 years,but sometimes more than 2000 years.A hundred million years ago,in the age of dinosaurs,redwoods were common in the forests of a much more moist and tropical North America.As the climate became drier and colder,they declined to a narrow strip along the Pacific coast of Northern Califomia. The trunk of redwood trees is very strong and usually forms a single straight column.It is covered with a soft bark.This bark can be pretty thick,well over two feet in the more mature trees.It gives the older trees a certain kind of protection from insects,but the main benefit is that it keeps the center of the tree harmless from moderate forest fires because of its thickness.This fire resistant quality explains why the giant redwood grows to live that long.While most other types of trees are destroyed by forest fires,the giant redwood actually prospers because of them. Moderate fires will clear the ground of competing plant life,and the rising heat dries and opens the ripe fruit of the redwood,releasing many thousands of seeds onto the ground below. New trees are often produced from shoots,little baby trees,which form at the base of the trunk.These shoots grow slowly,fed by the root system of the "mother'' tree.When the main tree dies,the shoots are then free to grow as full trees,forming a "fairy ring" of trees around the original tree.These trees,in turn,may give rise to more shoots,and the cycle continues. Why were redwood trees easier to find in the forests of North America millions of years ago? | [
"The trees were taller and stronger.",
"The soil was softer for seeds to develop.",
"The climate there was warmer and wetter.",
"The temperature was lower along the Pacific coast."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_21591 | What does a salamander eat? | [
"mice",
"Venus flytraps",
"fleas",
"bats"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_4853 | Over thousands of years, human beings have been learning about more and more about this world, and have figured out many ways to avoid risks and make our lives easier. Even in ancient times, we used fire to frighten away animals, built simple boats to cross waters, and armed ourselves with sharpening stones and sticks. Nowadays, with advanced technology and instrument, people know the world better than ever. It's surprising how much people already know about this world and how much we've changed our lives by using the knowledge we have. But if you think we know everything, that's wrong. I guess sometimes we have to accept the limitation on our understanding of the world. No matter how much we're already known about the world, there are things that remain mysterious. I learned this from my pregnancy which ended in the 6th month, due to a placental abruption . I started to see my OB/GYN every month, taking vitamins regularly, doing all the lab tests to make sure we were expecting a healthy baby. All the results looked promising, and we thought we would have a healthy baby girl in January next year. Even in the week before placental abruption, when I was in hospital because of a sudden bleeding, doctors didn't believe there were any bad possibilities after reading my blood tests. Unfortunately it still happened. Later, I asked my doctor "So what caused this?" She said, "I don't know. We probably will never know." After leaving the hospital, I sometimes do feel frustrated for what happened. But I already accept the fact that there are simply things that we do not know. No matter how well you plan and monitor your life there are uncertainties that can not be predicted and thus can not be avoided. _ Her name was Janet. She came to the world in April, and left us 6 months later. Though we never had the chance of meeting her, she is always our beloved daughter. In the late May 2013, during our first OB visit, we saw a little heart beating happily inside its mother. We couldn't even tell that was a baby, but we knew the magic was happening. The first three months was a disaster, Janet showed her power by making her mama throw up every day. Daddy became the cook of the family, and spent hours learning new dishes to please his picky wife. In the 12th week, we saw her again during an OB screening. When the doctor tried to measure her, she suddenly waved her hand to us, as if saying "I know you are spying on me again." Every regular OB check became our favorite experience, when we could hear her heart beating and knew she was enjoying herself. In the 18th week, one day when daddy was singing, she suddenly kicked her mama. We never felt so happy. Since then, she became more and more naughty, doing all sorts of exercise in her warm little house. We started to think about names, decorate her pink room, and shared the news with our friends. For young parents, there are always a lot to learn! Then it was the end of 25th week. A sudden bleeding terrified mama and daddy. After staying in the hospital for three days, things looked all right again, and Janet did not seem to be affected. However, the night after we went out of the hospital, a much worse contraction started which caused placental abruption. When we went back to the hospital, mama survived from an emergency operation, but Janet's heart was no longer beating. Janet, thank you for all the joy you brought to us. We love you and we will miss you forever. Rest in peace! The writer's detailed description of Janet's growth shows that _ . | [
"the world is hard to predict",
"medical science is powerful",
"the mother's love is endless",
"life is full of fun and mystery."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_21478 | You shiver when your body temperature drops, which happens when it is | [
"Pants",
"Chilly",
"Hot",
"Funny"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14280 | The animal kingdom has a new member. On September 12, 2012, researchers made a report to the world that they discovered a new species of monkey. It is called the lesula. And it is only the second monkey species discovered in 28 years. Scientists first saw the lesula in June, 2007 in Congo, a country in Africa. The lesula lives in the rain forests. The monkey was first found as a pet in a local family. When researchers found it, the family told them that they caught the monkey in the wild and then kept it as a pet. The scientists have compared the lesula to the owl-faced monkey. The owl-faced monkey gets its name for having a long nose and a face that looks like an owl . The lesula and the owl-faced monkey are similar in size and both have a stripe on their nose. This shows the lesula and the owl-faced monkeys are close relatives, but different species. Scientists say the lesula usually weighs about twelve pounds. It has long blond hair. It eats like a vegetarian . Scientists say it is important to protect African rain forests because there may be other new species like lesula to be discovered in the future. How much does the lesula weigh? | [
"About 12 pounds.",
"About 19 pounds.",
"About 28 pounds.",
"We don't know."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_18656 | Many cells have a nucleus that contains chromosomes. These chromosomes carry genes that are composed of | [
"hormones",
"DNA molecules",
"minerals and water",
"undigested food molecules"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_11190 | Below are Top 10 Scholarly Stars in America in 2011. It's not always about fame and fortune for these celebs - education is a priority in their lives. Find out what scholarly stars have earned degrees and diplomas or are returning to the classroom as you head back to school. No. 10: James Franco James has attended FOUR prestigious universities in his life: UCLA, New York University, Columbia University and Yale University. We hear he's is so serious about school, he missed the Oscar nominations to attend class! No. 9: Natalie Portman Natalie Portman is so Ivy League: she graduated from Harvard University in 2003, thanks to her parents, who she says always made sure she put her studies before her acting. No. 8: Haley Joel Osment When students at NYU heard Haley Joel would be joining them as a freshman in 2006, they chalked the campus' sidewalks with his famous Sixth Sense movie line: "I see dead people." No. 7: Emma Watson Although Emma Watson put her education on hold to wrap up the Harry Potter film series, in July 2011 she announced that she was going back to school at Brown University to complete her degree. No. 6: Dakota and Elle Fanning Celeb sisters Dakota and Elle Fanning are stars on screen and in class. Dakota was her high school's homecoming queen two years in a row while Elle, who still attends middle school, somehow manages to balance her acting career with math tests and gym class. No. 5: Mara Wilson Mara Wilson graduated from NYU in 2009. Mara, who played the adorable Nattie in Mrs. Doubtfire, eventually grew up and headed to New York to attend NYU's Tisch School of the Arts; she graduated in 2009. No. 4: Tyra Banks Tyra Banks is known for being a savvy businesswoman, but even the best could use some formal training. She enrolled in Harvard Business School in 2011 and even went so far as to live in a dorm with her fellow classmates! "We live in dorms," confirmed the TV star. "I have my own room but we share a kitchen, living room and study area. It's mandatory dorms. I freaked out. In the beginning I was like, 'Oh yes, I'm going to Harvard and I'll be at the Four Seasons down the street.' And they were like, 'Girl, you're living in dorms!'" No. 3: Shakira Singer Shakira is resting her hips and giving her brain a workout at UCLA, attending classes on the history of western civilization so she could "learn from the best". No. 2: Steven Spielberg Director Steven skipped getting a formal education to be an unpaid intern at Universal Studios, where he learned his tricks of the _ . But eventually he did go back and earned his film degree in 2002. No. 1: Danica McKellar Danica McKellar is a math whiz. She used to be known for starring as Winnie Cooper in the Wonder Years, but Danica is also a UCLA graduate, math whiz and education advocate who's written three best-selling books encouraging middle-school girls to have confidence and succeed in mathematics. How many stars referred to in the material studied or will go to UCLA? | [
"Three.",
"Four.",
"Five.",
"Six."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14972 | Live Music----Late Night Jazz Enjoy real American jazz from Herbie Davis, the famous trumpet player. He is known to play well in the early hours. So don't want to get much sleep. PLACE: The Jazz Club DATES: 15-23, June PRICE: Y=200-250 TIME: 10 p.m. till late TEL: 4668736 Scottish Dancing Scottish dancing is nice and easy to learn. The wonderful dance from England will be given. PLACE: Jack Stein's DATES: 10-20, May PRICE: Y=180 TIME: 7--10 p.m. TEL: 4021877 Shows -Anhui Museum There are 12,000 pieces on shows here. You can see the whole Chinese history. PLACE: Anhui Museum DATES: 1Mar--30 Jun PRICE: Y=60 (Y=30 for students) TEL: 4888688 TIME: Monday-Friday 9 a.m. -5 p.m. Weekends 9 a.m.--9 p.m. You have 150 yuan, and you can _ . | [
"listen to jazz",
"watch Scottish dancing",
"go to Anhui Museum",
"go to the Jazz Club"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14611 | Soon computers and other machines will be able to remember you by looking at your eyes! The programme works because everyone's eyes are different. So in the future you won't have to remember a number when you want to use a machine or take money out of a bank. You'll just have to look at the machine and it will be able to tell who you are. The eye-recognition programme is tested in shops and banks in the USA, Britain and Italy. Scientists are working on other systems, such as knowing you from the shape of your face or hand or even your smell! And machines can already tell who you are from your voice or your fingerprint . But eye-recognition will replace other ways of finding out who you are. It is better, because your eyes don't change as you get older, or get dirty like hands or fingers. And even twins have different eyes, so the programme can be up to 94% correct, depending on how good the technology is. In Britain, it was found that 91% of people said that they liked the idea of eye-recognition. ,. What problems could there be with the eye-recognition programme? | [
"Some eyes are the same.",
"Eyes can change.",
"It is not always correct.",
"Eyes can get dirty."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_1071 | When high winds knocked down pine trees in a wooded region, it created a gap in the crowded canopy and allowed sunlight to fall on the ground. The increased sunlight allowed a dense growth of raspberry plants which protected young pine seedlings from being eaten by herbivores. Over time, the pine seedlings grew and blocked sunlight from falling on the woodland floor, thereby preventing growth of more raspberry plants. Which of these terms best describes the process of change observed in this woodlands community? | [
"adaptation",
"cooperation",
"natural selection",
"ecological succession"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14508 | Without flowers, many plants would not be able to reproduce and many insects would not be able to get enough food to live. Here are some interesting facts about flowers plants. * Most plants grow flowers each year, but some take much longer. The century plant grows only one flower and then it dies! Even more amazing is a plant from South America called Puya raimondii. It doesn't grow a flower until it is 150 years old, and after that it dies, too. * The smallest flowering plant in the world is thought to be the common watermeal . Its leaves are only 1mm across! * Bamboo has amazing flowering habits. There are many different kinds of bamboo in the world. And they have different flowering habits. A few flower each year, but most wait much longer. What is amazing is that all bamboo of the same kind will flower almost at the same time, where it is 6 growing! Nobody knows why. * The white flower of the Amazon water lily is the size of a football, and the flower turns purple after it has been pollinated . * The Caucasian lime can grow in Britain. Its flowers are _ to bees. If they touch the flowers, they will die. The Amazon water lily's white flowers can _ . | [
"change color",
"grow long",
"kill bees",
"attract insects"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_5632 | In the mid-1950s, I was a somewhat bored early-adolescent male student who believed that _ . One day, this approach threw me into embarrassment In Mrs. Totten's eighth-grade math class at Central Avenue School in Anderson, Indiana, we were learning to add and subtract decimals . Our teacher typically assigned daily homework, which would be recited in class the following day. On most days, our grades were based on our oral answer to homework questions. Mrs. Totten usually walked up and down the rows of desks requesting answers from student after student in the order the questions had appeared on our homework sheets. She would start either at the front or the back of the classroom and work toward the other end. Since I was seated near the middle of about 35 students, it was easy to figure out which questions I might have to answer. This particular time, I had completed my usual two or three problems according to my calculations. What I failed to expect was that several students were absent, which threw off my estimate. As Mrs. Totten made her way from the beginning of the class,I desperately tried to determine which math problem I would get. I tried to work it out before she got to me, but I had brain freeze and couldn't function. When Mrs. Totten reached my desk,she asked what answer I'd got for problem No. 14. "I...I didn't get anything," I answered,and my face felt warm. "Correct," she said. It turned out that the correct answer was zero. What did I learn that day? First, always do all your homework. Second, in real life it isn't always what you say but how you say it that matters. Third,I would never make it as a mathematician. If I could choose one school day that taught me the most, it would be that one. The author could work out which questions to answer since the teacher always _ . | [
"asked questions in a regular way",
"walked up and down when asking questions",
"chose two or three questions for the students",
"requested her students to finish their usual questions"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_13321 | Students learn many subjects at school, like Chinese, English, math and physics. Some students think it's hard to do well in math. They say it's boring. Why do they say this? First, some math problems are so hard for them. They spend a lot of time on them, but they can't work them out, so they lost heart . Second, they are afraid( ) to ask their teachers for help. They think the teachers will laugh at them. Third, they think math class is very tiring because they need to use their brain to find out the answers all the time. How can you do well in math? Here is some advice from a math teacher: 1. Listen to the teacher carefully in class and do some extra exercises after class. 2. Ask the teacher for help if you don't understand anything. Don't be afraid. 3. Don't forget to go over your old lessons. If you do these things, you will find it much easier to do better in math. Some students think math class is very tiring because _ | [
"they have to listen to the teacher.",
"they have to look after themselves.",
"they need to use their brain to find out the answers all the time.",
"they need to help their classmates."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_15387 | Lost & Found Lost: Found: Schoolbag My school ID card Is this your schoolbag? Its number is 2007712 It's black and white. My name is Mary Brown. My name is Tony Green Please call 6956385 Phone: 2360731 Cindy, Your red notebook is in the lost and found box. Mike The schoolbag is _ . | [
"green",
"white",
"red",
"black and white"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_22025 | if a person looked a their head in a mirror, and moved toward it, what would happen? | [
"the head would start to grow",
"the head would explode",
"the head would start to shrink",
"the head would disappear"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_18523 | Which order of succession of natural communities would most likely occur in New York State? | [
"grasses -> trees -> bushes",
"trees -> bushes -> grasses",
"bushes -> grasses -> trees",
"grasses -> bushes -> trees"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_2811 | Our magazine is presenting to you the top five i-phone(the best seller of Apple Company) applications for more fun on hiking or camping trips recommended by our A-list field hikers and travelers. 1.GPS Kit by Garafa - Get un-lost (for $10) What it does: Download before you leave or use your phone's data connection to view maps from Google (satellite, landscape, cycling, and street), or Bing (shaded relief, street, or image).Record your movements, drop notes or photo makers on previously-downloaded Google Earth. 2.Photosynth _ - Perfect the view (for free!) What it does: Make interactive 360 x360 panoramas to your own taste.It saves the panorama as a single image to your camera roll after combining images.Once you get to know how to hold the iPhone and move to take the photos, you can have pretty simple, fast panoramas! 3.Soundcloud by Soundcloud - Share the sounds (for free!) What it does: Basic sound recorder with on-board editing (cutting) functions.Upload your recordings to the internet, share on social networks and listen to and follow others! It allows for super-simple recording and uploading to the internet.You can upload all the sounds as "non-shared' files so you can download them to your computer for continued storage and editing.In addition, with this function, you will never fear your dirty laundries are to put you to shame.There is a growing community of users, including Paul Salopek who is walking around the world. 4.Postagram _ - Send moments (App is free!/$1 per card) What it does: The app allows personalized production of e-postcards right from your iPhone.Even photos pop out from the card for sweet fridge posting! There aren't many post offices out in the mountains, so this can be critical to send a gift home.And even if there are post offices where you are traveling, sometimes it's easier, cheaper, and more fun to send your own DIY messages home. 5.Planets by Q Continuum - Love the night sky (for free!) What it does: With automatic location detection , this basic App offers 2D maps and 3D maps of the sky for identifying planets and stars, gives you the rise/set visibility information for the sun and planets, and even has a few facts and visualizations of the moon and planets.Don't forget to download it into your i-phone. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? | [
"You don't have to upload data online to make use of GPS Kit.",
"E-postcards are free of charge once you have downloaded Postagram.",
"Paul Salopek is the person who first put forward the idea of soundcloud.",
"All five applications are already available in the i-phone when you buy the phone."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_2831 | "Soon, you're going to have to move out!" cried my neighbor upon seeing the largest tomato plant known to mankind, or at least known in my neighborhood. One tiny 9-inch plant, bought for $1.25 in the spring, has already taken over much of my rose bed, covering much of other plants, and is well on its way to the front door. Roses require a good deal of care, and if it weren't for the pleasure they give, it wouldn't be worth the work. As it is, I have a garden full of sweet-smelling roses for most of the year. Bushes must be pruned in early spring, leaving ugly woody branches until the new growth appears a few weeks later. It was the space available in the garden that led me into planting just one little tomato plant. A big mistake. Soil conditions made just perfect for roses turn out be even more perfect for tomatoes. The daily watering coupled with full sun and regular fertilizing have turned the little plant into a tall bush. The cage I placed around it as the plant grew has long since disappeared under the thick leaves. Now the task I face in harvesting the fruit is twofold; First, I have to find the red ones among the leaves, which means I almost have to stand on my head, and once found I have to reach down and under, pick the tomatoes and withdraw my full fist without dropping the prize so dearly won. I found two full-blown white roses completely hidden as I picked tomatoes in June. But they were weak and the leaves already yellow for lack of light. Here I am faced with a painful small decision: To tear up a wonderful and productive tomato plant that offers up between ten and twenty ripe sweet tomatoes each day or say goodbye to several expensive and treasured roses. Like Scarlett in Gone With the Wind, I'll think about that tomorrow. The writer planted the tomato because _ . | [
"it cost only $1.25",
"the soil was just right for it",
"there was room for it in the garden",
"the roses' branches needed to be covered"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_19899 | Birds give birth to their babies while still in an egg. Mammals, however, give birth to their babies | [
"scrambled",
"already alive",
"dead",
"Old"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_4681 | Animal moms are great moms. You might be surprised at some of these moms. Octopuses The mother octopus lays about 50,000 eggs. For about 300 days, she stays with the eggs, cleans them and protects them. She does not leave to feed. However, this animal mom dies as soon as the eggs are hatched . Crocodiles A crocodile mother puts a lot of time and effort into raising her babies. She starts by building a nest , which she guards for over two months! When the eggs are ready to hatch, the young crocs call out to their mother, who digs them out and helps them hatch. She then carries them in her mouth down to the water, where she will guard them for several more weeks or months until they learn to hunt on their own. Bats Bats become moms by hanging head up in a cave, giving birth. Catching the youngster before it can fall to the ground below, she puts it in a pouch . Bat moms may carry babies with them when feeding for the first few days. As the little bats get bigger and heavier, moms help them hang on the wall of their caves and return often to feed them. It continues for about three weeks, until the babies are grown up and able to fly on their own. Koalas The animal mom gives birth after a pregnancy of only 35 days. The hairless baby climbs into its mother's pouch and lives there for another five months. When the little koala is between five and eight months old, it leaves the pouch for short periods of time but returns for safety. Once it is too big to return to the pouch, it will climb onto its mother's back and ride there until it is about 12 months old. A crocodile mother usually carries her baby to the water _ . | [
"in her mouth",
"on her back",
"in her pouch",
"by her tail"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_15823 | When most people think of the Olympics, they don't think of science. But in the USA, each year, students take part in a kind of competition called the Science Olympiad. It has a lot of different events. Students go there to show how much they know about the science of music, biology, chemistry and others. My best event is forestry . This time, I went to the Olympiad with my school's team. We had worked hard, but this was the state competition. It would be hard to win. The Olympiad was out of town, so we got to ride on a bus and stay in a hotel for a night. The Olympiad was in three big rooms. When we got there, we set up our team's "camp" off to one side. The big day had come at last! First, I went to watch the tower building competition. That's when students build small towers and put heavy things on top of it. They hope they can hold them up. One of my schoolmates was putting things on her tower. She was nervous, and in the end it was too heavy for her tower to hold it--it broke! I felt bad for her. After lunch, I helped some teammates with their events. One was geography, and the other was history. I don't know much about those things, so I just watched my teammates do most of the work. At last, it was time for my favorite event--forestry. Another student was also in the forestry event. The rules were easy. We had to look at more than 40 different kinds of leaves and find out which plants they were from. We also had to answer some questions about the uses of each leaf. I knew almost all of the leaves and could answer most of the questions. I had spent more than a month studying on the Internet to get ready. At the end, it was time for the awards , I was nervous, because the forestry awards were last. We won second place in the whole state! A nice man gave me a medal and smiled at me. I had a great time at the Science Olympiad. I can't wait for next year! Choose the best answer according to the passage. The writer took part in the competition _ . | [
"in the morning",
"at noon",
"in the afternoon",
"at night"
] | null | C |
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