dataset string | id string | question string | choices list | rationale string | answer string | subject string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_1784 | There once was a wolf that liked to scare the other forest animals. By daylight he pretended to be a kind, nice wolf. By night, he would circle the forest and hunt down his food. When he was very hungry, he would find humans and woof like a dog in hopes that someone would feed him. The wolf's favorite food was meat seasoned with lemon. The wolf liked to watch his food run in circles like a hamster until he felt like eating it. Sometimes the wolf would stay in the sand and lay in the sun until he would crawl back to his home and fall asleep with a full stomach. On other days, he goes home hungry. Sometimes there would be a knock on his door, and the wolf would be pleased because it meant his dinner had come to him and he would not have to hunt that day. Those days were the best for the wolf, by far. What does the wolf like to do? | [
"Scare the other forest animals.",
"Make friends with humans.",
"Make friends with the other forest animals.",
"Pretend to be a dog."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_17904 | Which action involving a pulley system requires the least amount of force? | [
"using several pulleys together instead of a single pulley",
"using a fixed pulley instead of a moveable pulley",
"pulling a long rope instead of a short rope",
"pulling a rope up instead of down"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_10519 | The common cold is the world's most widespread illness, which is a serious infection that man receives. The most widespread mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold. They are not. They are caused by viruses passing on from person to person. You catch a cold by touching directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever. But they do not. And in separate Arctic areas, explorers have reported being free from colds until touching again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes. During the First World War, soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches, cold and wet, seldom caught colds. In the Second World War, prisoners at Auschwitz concentration camp, bare and starved, were astonished to find that they seldom had colds. At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for a long time. After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in a room. Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose. If then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in winter? Despite the most hard research, no one has yet found out the answer. One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and that makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on. No one has yet found a cure for the cold. There are drugs and pain-killers such as aspirin, but all that they do is to reduce the symptoms. The passage mainly discusses _ . | [
"the experiments on the common cold",
"the mistake about the common cold",
"the reason and the way people catch colds",
"the continued spread of common colds"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_20630 | Alice flipped a switch and the ceiling fan started running because | [
"the electricity was cut off",
"a circuit was opened",
"a fuse was blown",
"a circuit was closed"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_19938 | To see evaporation you can wrap | [
"a metal in plastic",
"a bowl of water in plastic",
"a cat in a bag",
"money in plastic bags"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_4624 | About five years ago, an American electrical engineer named Scott Brusaw and his wife Julie came up with the idea of putting solar panels on the ground rather than the roof. Then they began to develop the Solar Roadway. The Solar Roadway is an intelligent road that provides clean renewable energy using power from the sun while providing safer driving conditions, along with power and data delivery. They predict that the Solar Roadway will pay for itself through the generation of electricity along with other forms of income and that the same money that is being used to build and resurface current roads can be used to build the Solar Roadways. Each Solar Road Panel measures roughly 4 meters by 4 meters and contains a microprocessor that monitors and controls the panel, while communicating with neighboring panels and the vehicles traveling overhead. The inventors suggest that this provides a communications device every 4 meters on every road which could be used for example to warn drivers of cars which are moving across a centre line and various other speed control problems. The top of the Solar Road panels is made of super-strong glass that would offer vehicles the tractions _ need. According to the inventors, the Solar Roadway creates and carries clean renewable electricity and therefore electric vehicles can be recharged at any conveniently located rest stop, or at any business that has paved Solar Road Panels in their parking lots. The inventors say their Solar Roadway has many functions and advantages from main roads to driveways, parking lots, bike paths, sidewalks and runways. The Federal Highway Administration has given Brusaw $100,000 to develop the invention and Brusaw hopes to build a smart-road parking lot in the coming spring . The Solar Roadway includes all the following advantages except _ . | [
"providing safer driving conditions",
"helping drivers communicate with each other while driving",
"creating and carrying clean renewable electricity",
"warning drivers of various speed control problems"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_10140 | One day,I received a call from a colleague.He was about to give a student a zero for his answer to a physical problem,while the student claimed a perfect score.I was elected as their arbiter .I read the examination problem,"Show how it is possible to determine the height of a tall building with the aid of a barometer ." The student had answered,"Take the barometer to the top of the building,attach a long rope to it,lower it to the street,and then bring it up and measure the length of the rope.The length of it is the height of the building." The student had really answered the question completely,but the answer didn't confirm his competence in physics.I suggested the student try again.I gave him six minutes to answer the question,warning that the answer should show some knowledge of physics.Five minutes later,he said he had many answers and dashed off one,which read "Take the barometer to the top of the building and lean over the edge of the roof.Drop the barometer,timing its fall with a stopwatch,then use the physical formula to calculate the height of the building." At this point,my colleague had to accept it,and then the student made almost full marks.I couldn't help asking the student what the other answers were.He listed many others,and then added,"Probably the best one is to take the barometer to the administrator and say to him,'Sir,here is a fine barometer.If you tell me the height of the building,I will give it to you.'" Then,I asked the student if he really did not know the conventional answer to this question.He admitted that he did,but said that he was fed up with high school and college instructors trying to teach him how to think. The name of the student was Bohr who later was famous all over the world.He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922. We can learn from the passage that _ . | [
"instructors can teach students how to think",
"arbiters can help students to get high scores",
"students should be given more freedom in thinking",
"teachers should make students use physical formulas"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_6164 | A class with tens or even hundreds of thousands of students might sound like a teacher's bad dream. But a big idea in higher education these days is the massive open online course, or MOOC. Some universities offer free, non-credit MOOCs available to anyone in the world. Others charge for courses and provide credits. The idea is still developing. So far, most massive open online courses are in computer science, technology, mechanics and engineering. For example, students around the world are taking a free course called "Building a Computer Search Engine." Two computer scientists, Sebastian Thrun and David Evans, are offering this course throughudacity.com. There are no education requirements for the course. The students watch short videos. Then, says Mr. Evans, they take informal quizzes after the videos each week for six weeks. DAVID EVANS: "Quizzes are part of the lecture to keep students engaged and keep them thinking, for students to be able to check that they understood what we covered. Those are not graded and students try those as often as they wish. They can repeatedly watch the videos and take the quizzes whenever they want." Students receive homework. They join online groups to exchange questions and answers about the course. The teachers hold office hours to answer questions that the students have voted to send them. They also present their own questions and observations to the students in order to help them make a deeper impression of the course. The students take a final examination to show where they rate in the class Everyone who finishes the course receives a grade and proof of completion. Top students get letters documenting their work. Mr. Thrun started Udacity, which supports free MOOCs.Udacityhopes to make a profit in the future by connecting possible employers with interested students. On his Stanford homepage he says he wants to " _ " education. "Education", he says, should be free, accessible for all, anywhere and any time What can we know about MOOCs from the passage? | [
"Not all of them are free.",
"They are bad dreams for teachers.",
"They are popular among high school students.",
"All of them are about computer science and technology."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_17369 | What would be the best way to determine the role of squirrels in a forest ecosystem? | [
"measure the length and mass of several squirrels",
"determine the genes that control squirrel traits",
"make field observations of squirrels in their natural habitat",
"read articles about the energy and nutrient requirements of squirrels"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_21752 | What scratches glass easily? | [
"a rubber pencil eraser",
"a crystal that regulates electronic oscillators in watches",
"a soft linen towel",
"a round piece of ice"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_5161 | Discover Nature Schools programs Becoming Bears (Kindergarten-2 grade) By becoming baby bears, children learn from their "parent" to survive the seasons. Kids will find safety in the spring and learn kinds of food bears eat during the summer, and then create a cave for winter hibernation . After learning the skills needed to survive, students will go out of the cave as an independent black bear able to care for themselves. (1.5-2 hours) Whose Clues? (3-5 grade) Kids will discover how plants and animals use their special structures to survive. Through outdoor study of plants and animals, kids will recognize their special structures and learn how they enable species to eat, avoid their enemies and survive. Using what they have learned, kids will choose one species and tell how they survive in their living places. (3-4 hours) Winged Wonders (3-5 grade) Birds add color and sound to our world and play an important ecological role. Students will learn the basics of birds, understand the role birds play in food chains and go bird watching using field guides and telescopes. Students will do hands-on activities. Students will use tools to build bird feeders, allowing them to attract birds at home.(3-4 hours) Exploring Your Watershed (6-8 grade) We all depend on clean water. Examining how our actions shape the waterways around us. Go on a hike to see first-hand some of the challenging water quality problems in a city. Students will test the water quality to determine the health of an ecosystem. * Each program is taught for a class with at least 10 students. * All programs include plenty of time outdoors. So please prepare proper clothing, sunscreen and insect killers for children. * To take part in a program , please email dcprograms@mdc.mo.gov. Kids who are interested in plants will choose _ . | [
"Winged Wonders",
"Exploring your Watershed",
"Becoming Bears",
"Whose Clues?"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_117 | An organ pipe produces a musical note same number of nitrogen gas molecules. with a wavelength of 2.72 m. What is the frequency of this note if the speed of sound is 348 m/s? | [
"85.7 Hz",
"128 Hz",
"260 Hz",
"466 Hz"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_4074 | A black hole is created when a large star burns out. Like our sun, stars are unbelievably hot furnaces that burn their own matter as fuel. When most of the fuel is used up, the star begins to die. The death of a star is not a quiet event. First there is a huge explosion. As its outer layer is blasted off into space, the dying star shines as brightly as a billion suns. After the explosion gravity pulls in what's left of the star. As the outside of the star sinks toward the center, the star gets smaller and smaller. The material the star is made of becomes tightly packed together. A star is so dense that a teaspoon of matter from it weighs billion of pounds. The more the star shrinks, the stronger the gravity inside it becomes. Soon the star is very tiny, and the gravity pulling it in is unbelievably strong. In fact, the gravity is so strong that it even pulls light into the star! Since all the light is pulled in, none can go out. The star becomes black when there is no light. Then a black hole is born! That's what we know about black holes. What we don't know is this: What happens inside a black hole after the star has been squeezed into a tiny ball? Does it keep getting smaller and smaller forever? Such a possibility is hard to imagine. But if the black hole doesn't keep shrinking, what happens to it? Some scientists think black holes are like doorways to another world. They say that as the star disappears from our universe, it goes into another universe. In other words a black hole in our universe could turn into a "white hole" in a different universe. As the black hole swallows light, the white hole shines brightly--somewhere else. But where? A different place, perhaps, or a different time -- many years in the past or future. Could you travel through a black hole? Right now, no. Nothing we know of could go into a black hole without being crushed. So far the time being, black hole must remain a mystery. Black holes are a mystery--but that hasn't stopped scientists from dreaming about them. One scientist suggested that in the future we might make use of the power of black holes. They would supply all of Earth's energy needs, with plenty to spare. Another scientist wondered if a black hole could some day be used to swallow earthly waste--a sort of huge waste disposal in the sky! When the star begins to die _ . | [
"there is no fuel left in it",
"its outer layer goes into space first",
"a huge explosion will happen",
"it doesn't give off light any longer"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_7257 | That little "a" with a circle curling around it that is found in E - mail addresses is most commonly referred to as the "at" symbol. Surprisingly though, there is no official, universal name for this sign. There are dozens of strange terms to describe the "@" symbol. Before it became the standard symbol for electronic mail, the "@" symbol was used to represent the cost of something or how heavy something is. For instance, if you purchased 6 apples, you might write it as 6 apples "@" $1.10 each. With the introduction of e-mail came the popularity of the "@" symbol. The "@" symbol or the "at sign" separates a person's online user name from his mail server address. For instance, joe@uselessknowledge.com. Its widespread use on the Internet made it necessary to put this symbol on keyboards in other countries that have never seen or used the symbol before. As a result, there is really no official name for this symbol. The actual origin of the symbol remains a mystery. History tells us that the @ symbol came from the tired hands of the Middle Ages. During the Middle Ages before the invention of printing machines, every letter of a word had to be copied with great efforts by hand for each copy of a published book. The monks that performed these long, boring coping duties looked for ways to reduce the number of individual strokes per word for common words. Although the word "at" is quite short to begin with, it was a common enough word in text and documents so that those monks thought it would be quicker and easier to shorten the word "at" even more. As a result, the monks changed the shape of "t" into a circle to surround "a", thus leaving out two strokes in the spelling "t". Which is NOT the reason for the monks to spell "at" as @? | [
"Though \"at\" is short, it was used very often.",
"The monks wanted to be quicker and easier with their copying.",
"The monks wanted to invent a new word.",
"Copying work was long and boring for them."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_10153 | The hand, the eyes, and the brain work together to make human beings different from other animals. No other animals have all three parts to work together. No animals can do what human beings can do. Humans can do many things and feel many things with the hand. The hand can hold onto things and make things because the thumb works with the fingers. This fifth finger is strong. Most animals don't have thumbs. The thumb can press against the other fingers. Without a thumb to press against the fingers, it is difficult to hold onto anything. The thumb and fingers can also fit the flat surface of a box and the curved surface of a pencil. We can feel that something is hot or cold, soft or hard, smooth or rough. The hand, with thumb and fingers, is one of the best tools we have. Most animals see a flat picture. Their eyes can only see how high and how wide something is. Some animals see a different picture with each eye. Some don't see in colour. Humans see one picture with both eyes working together. We can see how high and how wide something is. We can also see how far in front of or in back of something a thing is. The brain tells other parts of the body how to work. Some of the things the body does are _ ; that is, we don't have to think about them. For example, we don't have to think to make our heart beat or our stomach work. The brain tells the eyes and hands how to make useful and beautiful things. That is how human beings become tool makers and artists. That is how human can have richer and better lives than other animals. Human beings are different from other animals because _ . | [
"human beings have the hands, the eyes, and the brain working all the time",
"other animals also have hands, the eyes, and the brain",
"human beings work together with other animals",
"the hands, the eyes, and the brain of the human can work together"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_10516 | The common cold is the world's most widespread illness, which is a serious infection that man receives. The most widespread mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold. They are not. They are caused by viruses passing on from person to person. You catch a cold by touching directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever. But they do not. And in separate Arctic areas, explorers have reported being free from colds until touching again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes. During the First World War, soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches, cold and wet, seldom caught colds. In the Second World War, prisoners at Auschwitz concentration camp, bare and starved, were astonished to find that they seldom had colds. At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for a long time. After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in a room. Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose. If then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in winter? Despite the most hard research, no one has yet found out the answer. One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and that makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on. No one has yet found a cure for the cold. There are drugs and pain-killers such as aspirin, but all that they do is to reduce the symptoms. The writer thinks the cause of catching cold is due to _ . | [
"touching anyone directly",
"touching anyone indirectly",
"cold weather",
"getting viruses from person to person"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_21940 | Powdered substances such as oregano and pepper that are used to add flavor to foods come from | [
"beef",
"petroleum",
"cheese",
"producers"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_12019 | STOCKHOLM---William Campbell, Satoshi Omura and Tu Youyou jointly won the 2015 Nbel Prize for medicine for their work against diseases caused by parasites , the award-giving body said on Monday. Irish-born Campbell and Japanese Omura won half of the prize for discovering a new drug, avermectin, that has helped the battle against river blindness and lymphatic filariasis, as well as showing effectiveness against other parasitic diseases. The Chinese scientist Tu Youyou was awarded the other half of the prize for discovering artemisinin, a drug that has significantly reduced the mortality rates for patients suffering from malaria. "These two discoveries have provided humankind with powerful new means to combat these debilitating diseases that affect hundreds of millions of people annually," the Nobel Assembly at Sweden's Karolinska Institute said in a statement in awarding the prize of 8 million Swedish crowns ($960,000)." "The consequences in terms of improved human health and reduced suffering are immeasurable. " In an interview after the announcement, Juleen R. ZAierath, chairman of the Nobel Committee told Xinhua that Tu's "inspiration from traditional Chinese medicine" was important. "But what was really important was that Tu Youyou identified the active agent in that plant extract ," said Zierath, adding " there was a lot of modern chemistry, bi0-chemistry attached to this to bring forward this new drug." Despite rapid progress in controlling malaria in the past decade, the mosquito-borne disease still kills more than half a million people a year, the vast majority of them babies and young children in the poorest parts of Africa. What can we learn about malaria from this report? | [
"It is a kind of parasitie disease",
"Mosquitoes suffer a lot from it",
"Little progress has been made in controlling it in the past 10 years",
"More than a million babies and young kids are killed by it annually"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_3204 | Blue whales are the largest animals ever known to have existed on the planet, and they can grow to a length of 100 feet and weigh more than 330,000 pounds. But recently researchers have found that these whales are on the move and they have migrated (moved) from California waters to areas off Canada and Alaska for the first time since commercial whaling ended in 1965. The researchers identified 15 blue whales that have appeared off the coast of British Columbia and the Gulf of Alaska since 1997. Four of these whales were recognized as ones that were once sighted off California shores, suggesting that the whales are returning to an old migration pattern between the coasts. Before commercial whaling began in the early 1900s, blue whales were found widely throughout the North Pacific and California waters. But from the 1920s to the 1960s, whaling severely reduced the whale populations. Blue whales never recovered in the Northern Pacific, making sightings in this area rare. However, much larger groups of whales have been observed close to California since the 1970s. The scientists had previously thought that the California population was separate from the population that had historically lived in North Pacific waters. But the current study shows that whales off the coast of British Columbia and the Gulf of Alaska are likely part of the California population.[:] To identify the blue whales, the researchers looked at photos of _ taken in the North Pacific Ocean and compared them with a library of blue whale pictures taken along the West Coast of the United States and Southern Pacific. Up to now, the researchers are not quite sure why the whales are changing their migration patterns, but they suspect that the whales may be following their food moving farther north by the changes in ocean conditions. The whale population in the northern Pacific _ . | [
"is different from the California population",
"has become the largest group since the 1970s",
"is probably part of the California population",
"has lived there since the 1960s."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_22002 | A person who is working on setting up power for their cottage will avoid | [
"installing new power outlets",
"working on their wiring",
"installing electrical wires in walls",
"standing in a puddle"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_15605 | The technology is improving every year. We will see some very exciting home robots in the next few years. In the future the robots can do lots of things. 1. Getting things In a few years, it will be possible to tell your home robot to get a piece of bread for you. The robot will use its eyes and an arm to get the bread for you. 2. Watering plants Future robots will carry water to water plants. 3. Telling dangers A home robot will find out fire, smoke and other dangers easily. Every night the robot will make its rounds to make sure that everything is right. 4. Looking after children A robot will help us look after our children well while we are not at home. A robot will get something for you with _ . | [
"a hand",
"eyes and a leg",
"an arm",
"eyes and an arm"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_5131 | People born in winter are more likely to suffer mental health disorders, according to a recent study carried out by researchers at Vanderbilt University in Tennessee. Researchers raised baby mice from birth to weaning in either "summer" light cycles of 16 hours of light and 8 hours of dark or "winter" cycles of 8 hours of light and 16 hours of dark. A third group experienced 12 hours of light and 12 hours of dark a day. Then half the winter mice stayed in a winter cycle, while half switched to a summer schedule. The summer mice were similarly _ . The mice raised in equal periods of light and dark were split into three groups, one of which stayed on the 12hour schedule, one of which joined the winter group, and one of which joined the summer group. After 28 days, it turns out the summerborn mice behaved the same whether they stayed on the summer cycle or switched to winter. But among the winterborn mice, those stayed in winter kept their previous schedule, while those that switched to summer stayed active for an extra hour and a half, which indicates that mice born and weaned in a winter light cycle showed dramatic disruptions in their biological clocks. The finding is the first of its kind in mammals, and it could explain why people born in winter are at higher risk for mental health disorders including bipolar depression, schizophrenia and seasonal affective disorder. "We know that the biological clock regulates mood in humans,"said study researcher McMahon. "If the mechanism similar to the one that we found in mice operates in humans, then it could not only have an effect on a number of behavioral disorders, but also have a more general effect on personality." How many groups of mice are there finally in all in the experiment? | [
"Four.",
"Five.",
"Six.",
"Seven."
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_18130 | Martin is writing a report for science class about how the tilt of Earth affects living organisms. Which subject should Martin include in his report that is directly affected by Earth's tilt? | [
"night and day",
"cloud formation",
"phases of the Moon",
"changing of the seasons"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_467 | Which of the following structures is not present in animal cells? | [
"cell membrane",
"cell wall",
"mitochondrion",
"nucleus"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_4986 | The day after news broke of a possible revolution in physics ----particles moving faster than light ?a scientist leading the European experiment that made the discovery calmly explained it to a standing-room- only crowd at CERN. The physicist, Dario Auterio, did not try to explain what the results might mean for the laws of physics, let alone the broader world.After an hour of technical talk, he simply said, "Therefore, we present to you today this difference, this unusualness." But what unusualness it may be.From 2009 through 2011, the massive OPERA detector buried in a mountain in Gran Sasso, Italy, recorded subatomic particles called neutrinos ( ) arriving faster than light can move in an empty space.The neutrinos generated at CERN are hardly detectably early.If confirmed, the finding would throw more than a century of physics into disorder. "If it's correct, it's _ ." said Rob Plunkett, a scientist at Fermilab, the Department of Energy physics laboratory in Illinois."We'd be looking at a whole new set of rules" for how the universe works.Those rules would bend, or possibly break, Albert Einstein's special theory of relativity, published in 1905.Basical at the time, the theory tied together space and time, matter and energy, and set a hard limit for the speed of light, later measured to be about 186, 000 miles per second. No experiment in 106 years had broken that speed limit.Physicists expect strict study to follow, which OPERA and CERN scientists welcomed. Fermilab operates a similar experiment, called MINOS, that shoots neutrinos from Illinois to an underground detector in Minnesota.In 2007, MINOS discovered a just detectable amount of faster than-light neutrinos, but the permissible difference of error was too big to "mention" , Plunkett said. Fermilab scientists will reanalyze their data, which will take six to eight months.In 2013, the MINOS detector, now offline, will restart after an upgrade.It could then offer confirmation of the results. The best title for the passage may be _ . | [
"Are the laws of physics in disorder?",
"Particles faster than light; Revolution or mistake?",
"Faster than light measurement: right or wrong?",
"Is Einstein's theory still right today?"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_20196 | If two electrical conductors contact eachother, what will flow through them both? | [
"electrifying looks",
"lightning",
"water",
"wind"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_21227 | What would be more attracted to a magnet? | [
"wood",
"A dog",
"a cloud",
"A zipper"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_3783 | After record increase in over 40 countries, Universal Robots' lightweight robotic arms are now making their US debut at this year's International Manufacturing Trade Show (IMTS) in Chicago. The UR5 robotic arm made by Universal Robots has been announced officially "The world's most innovative robot" by The International Federation of Robotics and IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) Robotics and Automation Society. The US audience will now see the award-winning robot -- along with its big brother UR10 -- for the first time. The UR5 and UR10 robotic arms are aimed at small-sized companies that thought robots were too expensive and hard to operate in existing production. The robotic arms are easily moved around the production area and present a simple user interface which lets workers quickly operate them. Esben Ostergaard, founder and CTO (Chief Technical Officer) at Universal Robots, explains how the robots were designed to be as user--friendly as possible: "We decided to make programming easy by developing a user interface worked together with a "teaching function" allowing the user to simply took hold of the robot arm and show _ how a movement should be done. The robot can work in any production process very quickly. Our experience shows this is generally done in a few hours." The robots weigh as little as 40 pounds, making it possible for them to be moved around the production area to do different tasks. The UR5 can handle a load of up to 5 kilos (11 pounds), the UR10, 10 kilos (22 pounds). As soon as a worker touches the robot arm and uses a force of at least 150 Newton, the robot arm will automatically stop operating. According to the text, the UR5 robotic arm _ . | [
"was designed by IEEE",
"is aimed at small companies",
"has won a number of awards",
"made its appearance in 40 countries"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_22373 | A koala's home can be destroyed because of | [
"affection",
"magic",
"my heart",
"exploding hot liquid"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_16365 | *Teachers Wanted Are you a teacher? Do you like kids? Can you help them with Chinese? Come to join us. Call John at 378-5788. *Ping-pong Club Do you like to play ping-pong? Do you want to play ping-pong well? Mr. Cai can teach you. You can come here every Saturday afternoon. Tel: 368-5778 Add: Room 212 in School's P.E. Buliding. Bob wants to play ping-pong, he can at _ . | [
"378-5788",
"387-7588",
"738-5788",
"368-5778"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_1537 | David bought a new house and wanted to start a garden in his backyard. He asked his friend Anthony to go with him to the store. David and Anthony went to the store on Saturday to pick out soil and seeds. They went into the big store and passed by many other things like jewelry, books, and movies, and then they reached the garden section. The store's garden section was huge! They had vegetable seeds, plant seeds, and flower seeds. David wanted to grow cucumbers, tomatoes, lettuce, corn, and potatoes. Anthony helped him find those vegetable seeds. The next day, David started to plant the seeds. In a few weeks, there were lots of vegetables growing in his garden! He began to pick the vegetables and use them when he cooked. He also gave them away as gifts to his family and friends. They loved his vegetables! Soon, David wanted to make his garden even bigger. He went back to the garden store and bought seeds to plant more vegetables. Soon his whole backyard was full of delicious vegetables! Why did David go to the store? | [
"He wanted to start a garden.",
"He wanted to buy food.",
"He wanted to buy movies.",
"He wanted to get jewelry for his mother."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_20832 | A blackberry bush needing to photosynthesize would have difficulty | [
"under the sun",
"at night",
"in summer weather",
"in daylight"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_9844 | A new satellite is travelling 1.5 million kilometers over a 110-day period to enter an orbit of the sun. It is called DSCOVR--the Deep Space Climate Observatory. It will replace a satellite that has been observing space weather. DSCOVR will begin its work during the worst of the 11-year-long solar cycle. This is a time when extreme weather on the sun can have the greatest effect on planet Earth. DSCOVR will gather information about a continuing flow of particles from the sun. We are protected from these particles by the Earth's magnetic field and atmosphere. But we are not fully protected from what scientists call Coronal Mass Ejections. These are strong storms that can happen on the sun's surface. Thomas Berger is the director of the Space Weather Prediction Center at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, or NOAA. He says these ejections are much more dangerous than solar particles. He says the Coronal Mass Ejections are extremely large magnetic clouds that are expelled from the sun at extremely high speeds. He says when they impact Earth, it is like a hurricane impacting Earth in terms of space weather. Violent space weather can make electric systems stop working. It can block satellite signals to Earth. It can interfere with radio signals and air travel. Mr. Berger says we cannot stop the ejections from affecting us, but we can prepare for them if we know when they will happen. When the DSCOVR satellite records an ejection, it will release a warning. Mr. Berger says the warning will provide NOAA about 15 to 60 minutes to let people know that a very strong storm is coming in to the Earth. He says that is enough time for power grid operators to take protective action. He says it is also enough time for workers to place satellites on a safe operating method if necessary. Mr. Berger says scientists would like even more time, of course. He says researchers are developing instruments that will give an earlier warning. The warnings from DSCOVR will be for the whole planet. But Mr. Berger says a new system may be able to give more-targeted warnings. He says future models will be able to tell exactly what part of the world will be more at risk from a solar storm. That means that, for the first time, humans will get both a warning that a magnetic storm is heading towards Earth and information about where it is likely to hit. According to Thomas Berger, _ ? | [
"the Coronal Mass Ejections are expelled from the sun at extremely low speeds",
"the ejections can be stopped from affecting us",
"ejections are far more dangerous than solar particles",
"15 to 60 minutes is not enough for power grid operators"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_3674 | Computer people talk a lot about the need for other people to become "computer-literate". But not all experts agree that this is a good idea. One pioneer, in particular, who disagrees is David Tebbutt, the founder of Computertown UK. Although many people see this as a successful attempt to bring people closer to the computer, David does not see _ that way. He says that Computertown UK was formed for just the opposite reason, to bring computers to people and make them "people-literate". David Tebbutt thinks Computertowns are most successful when tied to a computer club but he insists there is an important difference between the two. The clubs are for people who have some computer knowledge already. This frightens away non-experts, who are happier going to Computertowns where there are computers for them to experiment on, with experts to encourage them and answer any questions they have. They are not told what to do. They find out. The computer experts have to learn not to tell people about computers, but have to be able to answer all questions people ask. People don't have to learn computer terms , but the experts have to explain in plain language. The computers are becoming "people-literate". David Tebbutt started Computertown UK with the purpose of _ . | [
"making better use of computer experts",
"improving computer programs",
"increasing computer sales",
"popularising computers"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_8842 | Zipped into a bag, it looks like a large umbrella. Unfolded, it goes along the street like any other bicycle. It's the "A-bike", the brainchild of British inventor Sir Clive Sinclair, who made history in the 1970s by developing the world's first pocket calculator. He described his new invention as "the world's smallest, lightest foldable bicycle". "My original thought was that if you could have a bicycle that was dramatically lighter and more firm than the ones that exist today, it would change the way in which bicycles are used,"said Sinclair. The mini-bike, showed in Singapore last week and set to go on sale worldwide in 2005 at a price of nearly US$300, is built for riders as heavy as 112 kilograms and is height-adjustable . It takes about 20 seconds to fold or unfold. Its wheels are a quarter the size of those on a regular bicycle, but Sinclair promises a smooth ride for most cyclists. "You require no extra energy to ride the A-bike and it can go up to 15 miles per hour (24 kilometers per hour)," he said. Constructed mainly of plastic, the 5.5-kilogram bicycle folds into a package of less than 0.03 cubic meters . Sinclair also invented the first pocket TV in 1984 and the futuristic C5 electric tricycle in 1985. He said he hoped the bicycle would attract common citizens, officials, campers or anyone needing transport for a short trip and he said the next step for the A-bike was to add an electric motor in a few years. The most important character of this kind of bike is its _ . | [
"big size",
"light weight",
"beautiful appearance",
"foldable structure"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_7357 | Mother's Day is coming. It is a time to let Mom know she's special to you. Finding the right for Mom on that day is not always easy. We often want something personal and thoughtful. But how can we make it? These following ideas may help you. Gift of Time Moms just want to spend time with their children so make it a Mother-Daughter/Son day. Spend the whole day with her. Do the things she likes doing with her. Home Video Take your family videos and make them a short home video. She can enjoy it whenever she misses you. Although it may take a lot of time, the process can be great fun and the result is often priceless . Mom Mix Make a CD for her. It's a collection of all the songs that _ her of you and your growing up. Write a Letter Write a letter instead of a simple card. Write about all the good memories you have with her and all the things she has done for you. Flowers People send carnations on Mother's Day. You can easily spend a lot of money on them. If you have flowers in your garden, or can handpick them, it can be a great gift. Dinner Make a dinner and invite her over. You can also take it over to her house and surprise her. Just don't' forget to wash the dishes after the dinner. How many kinds of ideas have been mentioned here for Mother's Day? | [
"4",
"5",
"6",
"7"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_9642 | Are you afraid of sharks? You shouldn't be! Below we cleared up the main _ about one of the world's most perfectly formed creatures ... All sharks are the same. This is ly not true. There are nearly four hundred species of sharks and they vary widely in habitat, size, features, diet and lifestyle. They range from the cigar shark, which is about 15 centimetres long, to the whale shark, which can be up to about nine meters long. More than 50 percent of sharks are less than a metre long and more than 90 percent are less than two metres long. And their habitat ranges from shallow to deep water and from the Arctic to the Tropic. _ This is not true, either. In fact, many shark populations are decreasing. The chief reason for this is that hundreds of thousands of them are caught in fishing nets. Depending on where they are caught. They are either killed for their fins , which are used in shark's fin soup, or they are tossed back into the sea because they are unwanted. Almost all sharks which are discarded in this way die. Also, sharks mature late in life and produce very few young. If the current reduction in numbers continues, the ecological balance of the oceans will be severely threatened. Sharks will always attack you This is nonsense. The chances of being attacked by a shark are minimal. You are 250 times more likely to be killed by lightning than by a shark, and your chances of being killed by lightning are practically zero. However, if you are planning to take a swim in shark territory, then follow these simple rules: Avoid swimming at dawn or duck when visibility decreases. Avoid areas where there are breaking waves. Turbulent water makes it difficult for sharks to see and determine whether you are prey . Do not wear jewellery in the water. Sharks are attracted to shiny fishes, and jewellery may resemble their scales . Do not swim near schools of small fish, which are the favorite food of some sharks. From the passage we can learn sharks _ . | [
"look alike",
"are dangerous",
"usually live in deep sea",
"hardly attack people"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14437 | The H1Nl virus has been spreading world-wide,it is important for us to know how to control it.Please pay attention to the following points: 1.Don't touch your face.Above all,keep your hands away from your eyes,mouth and nose,all of which serve pathways for the viruses to enter your body. 2.Wash your hands.If you have to touch your face,wash your hands,getting under the fingernails for 20 to 30 seconds with hot soap and water before.Soaps with surfactants can deal with flu viruses. 3.Cover your nose and mouth.When someone sneezes or coughs,liquid drops with flu viruses as far as three feet through the air and land on your nose and mouth,so it's best to keep at least an arm's length distance when talking to someone who shows signs of infection .In order to protect others,cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze,and clean your hands afterward.Viruses can live for hours,or even longer when on the skin or other surfaces such as keyboards. 4.Consider buying a mask in case you need it in the future.Some research suggests that masks reduce the risk of getting the flu viruses by as much as 80%.But it also suggests that if you don't wash hands,the mask doesn't work well.So wash your hands and use the mask,especially wearing face masks in crowded places is also useful. ,. What can we do with the flu viruses? | [
"Water.",
"Masks.",
"Soaps with surfactants.",
"Tissues."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_19327 | Many plant species can only reproduce if the environment includes | [
"fungi",
"ants",
"bees",
"spiders"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_17284 | Blood is composed of different cell types that transport nutrients and wastes throughout the body. Because of this, blood is classified as | [
"a tissue.",
"an organ.",
"a system.",
"an organism."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_4407 | Looking back on my childhood,I am convinced that naturalists are born and not made.Although we were all brought up in the same way,my brothers and sisters soon abandoned their pressed flowers and insects.Unlike them,I had no ear for music and languages.I was not an early reader and I could not do mental arithmetic. Before World War I we spent our summer holidays in Hungary.I have only the dim memory of the house we lived in,of my room and my toys.Nor do I recall clearly the large family of grandparents,aunts,uncles and cousins who gathered next door.But I do have a clear memory of the dogs,the farm animals,the local birds,and above all,the insects. I am a naturalist,not a scientist.I have a strong love of the natural world and my enthusiasm led me into varied investigations.I love discussing my favorite topics and enjoy burning the midnight oil while reading about other people's observations and discoveries.Then something happens that brings these observations together in my conscious mind. Suddenly you fancy you see the answer to the riddle,because it all seems to fit together.This has resulted in my publishing 300 papers and books,which some might honor with the title of scientific research. But curiosity,a keen eye,a good memory and enjoyment of the animal and plant world do not make a scientist:one of the outstanding and essential qualities required is self-discipline,a quality I lack.A scientist requires not only self-discipline,but hard training,determination and a goal.A scientist,up to a certain point,can be made.A naturalist is born.If you can combine the two,you get the best of both worlds. The author says that he is a naturalist rather than a scientist probably because he thinks he _ . | [
"has a great deal of trouble doing mental arithmetic",
"lacks some of the qualities required of a scientist",
"just reads about other people's observations and discoveries",
"comes up with solutions in a most natural way"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_2236 | Stars are organized into patterns called constellations. One constellation is named Leo. Which statement best explains why Leo appears in different areas of the sky throughout the year? | [
"Earth revolves around the sun.",
"The sun revolves around Earth.",
"The constellations revolve around Earth.",
"Earth revolves around the constellations."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_22264 | A cardinal makes brief contact with a picnic table, and between them there is | [
"death",
"transactions",
"animosity",
"abrasion"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_13360 | Hello! My name is Mike. I am from America. Now I am with my parents. I like breakfast at home. I have an egg, some bread and porridge for breakfast. I do not like milk. I have no time to go home for lunch. So I have it at school. The lunch in our school is good. I can have different food for lunch. I eat rice, meat and vegetables. Sometimes I have noodles and dumplings. I have dinner at home with my parents. Sometimes we go out to eat with friends. We have chicken, vegetables and fruit. For breakfast, Mike has _ . | [
"an egg, an apple and porridge",
"an egg, bread and porridge",
"an apple, bread and milk",
"an egg, an apple and bread"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_22060 | The arctic environment mostly reflects all colors from the closest star because | [
"it's covered in prisms",
"it's covered in white precipitation",
"it's always raining there",
"the ground is completely covered with white animals"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_7793 | Children and teenagers who spend lots of time in front of screens-especially TVs-are easier to get more weight as they age .according to a new study. The findings agree with research suggesting all that inactive sitting and always watching advertisements may lead to poor eating habits. Researchers used results from a long-term study of children Who took surveys every other year. Children were between ages 9 and 16 when the study started. Out of 4,300 girls in the Study. 17 percent were overweight or obese .Twenty-four percent of the 3 .500 boys were also above a healthy weight The surveys included questions about their height and weight as well as how much time they spent watching TV and DVDs and playing computer and video games. From one survey to the next, each one-hour increase in children's daily TV watching was in connection with an increase of about 0.1 points on a body mass index(BMI) , which measures weight in connection with height. That's a difference of about half a pound per extra hour of TV. "The weight of the evidence is so strong that television watching is connected with unhealthy changes in weight among youth,"says Jennifer Falbe . Who led the study while at the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston. "It's important for parents to know all the obesity-causing screens that really should be limited in their children's lives, Falbe says. " When children watch TV. There are many food advertisements on TV that might lead them to eat a cookie or drink a soft drink. " What's mare .she says . " You can get into a hibernating state on the sofa. Even if children are sitting down while playing a computer game. for example. they might be a bit more active." According to Falbe , what should parents do to stop children getting fat? | [
"Limiting the time of children watching TV.",
"Buying children food advertised on TV.",
"Not allowing children to watch TV.",
"Encouraging children to play computer games."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_7026 | When an ant dies, other ants move the dead insect out. Sometimes, the dead ant get moved away very soon--within an hour of dying. This behavior is interesting to scientists, who wonder how ants know for sure--and so soon--that another ant is dead. One scientist recently came up with a way to explain this ant behavior. Dong-Hwan Choe is a biologist. Choe found that Argentine ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants, "I'm dead--take me away." But there's a _ to Choe's discovery. Choe says that the living ants--not just the dead ones--have this death chemical. In other words, while an ant crawls around, perhaps in a picnic or home, it's telling other ants that it's dead. What keeps ants from dragging away the living ants?Choe found that Argentine ants have two additional chemicals on their bodies, and these tell nearby ants something like, "Wait--I'm not dead yet." So Choe's research turned up two sets of chemical signals in ants: one says, "I'm dead," and the other set says, "I'm not dead yet." Other scientists have tried to figure out how ants know when another ant is dead. If an ant is knocked unconscious, for example, other ants leave it alone until it wakes up. That means ants know that unmoving ants can still be alive. Choe suspects that when an Argentine ant dies, the chemical that says "Wait-I'm not dead yet" quickly goes away. Once that chemical is gone, only the one that says "I'm dead" is left. "It's because the dead ant no longer smells like a living ant that it gets carried to the graveyard, not because its body releases new unique chemicals after death," said Choe. When other ants detect the "dead" chemical without the "not dead yet" chemical, they drag away the body. Understanding this behavior may help scientists figure out how to stop Argentine ants from invading new places and causing problems. Choe would like to find a way to use the newly discovered chemicals to spread ant killer to Argentine ant nests. The ants' removal behavior is important to the overall health of the nest. "Being able to quickly remove dead individuals and other possible sources of disease is extremely important to all animals living in societies, including us," says Choe. "Think about all the effort and money that we invest daily in waste management." Why is it important to remove dead individuals? | [
"Because it is easier to manage the living.",
"Because it can save money to deal with the waste.",
"Because it can provide more space for the living.",
"Because it can keep the living from suffering disease."
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_20656 | A tiny daffodil is next to a large carnation. Bees looking for nectar will swarm | [
"the daffodil",
"a stick",
"a rock",
"the carnation"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_8109 | An alcohol breath test (ABT) is often used by the police to find out whether a person is drunk while driving. In the United States, the legal blood alcohol limit is 0.08% for people aged 21 years or older, while people under 21 are not allowed to drive a car with any level of alcohol in their body. A "positive" test result, a result over the legal limit, allows the police to arrest the driver. However, many people who tested positive on the test have claimed that they only drank a "non-alcoholic" energy drink. Can one of these energy drinks really cause someone to test positive on an ABT? Researchers in Missouri set up an experiment to find out. First, the amount of alcohol in 27 different popular energy drinks was measured. All but one had an alcohol level greater than 0.005%. In nine of the 27 drinks, the alcohol level was at least 0.096%.The scientists then investigated the possibility that these small levels of alcohol could be discovered by an ABT. They asked test _ to drink a full can or bottle of an energy drink and then gave each subject an ABT one minute and 15 minutes after the drink was finished. For 11 of the 27energy drinks, the ABT did find the presence of alcohol if the test was given within one minute after the drink was taken. However, alcohol could not be discovered for any of the drinks if the test was given 15 minutes after the drink was consumed. This shows that when the test is taken plays an important role in the test result. The sooner the test is conducted after the consumption of these drinks, the more likely a positive alcohol reading will be obtained. Which of the following affects the ABT test result most for energy drink consumers? | [
"The age of the person who takes the test.",
"The place where the test is given.",
"The equipment that the test uses.",
"The time when the test is taken."
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_15738 | Think stars don't move? Think again! When you look at the sky at night, the stars may appear to stay in the same place. But stars are always on the move--they are just so far away that the movement is hard to see. But some stars move in ways that appear to be strange to be real. In 2005, astronomer Warren Brown found one of these space oddities . It was located on the outer edge of the Milky Way, the galaxy we live in. The star was speeding away like nothing he'd ever seen. "It seemed unbelievable. No star in the galaxy has a speed like that," Brown remembers. "I thought, oh my goodness, I have something kind of special here." No one had ever seen a star like this one. What does a scientist do when the results don't make sense? Brown didn't give up. Instead, he kept looking. And he kept finding more of these strange and speedy stars, called _ stars. Hyper means "above" and velocity has to do with speed. He and his team just found six more of these "above speed" stars, bringing to the total of 16. And, he says, he's found even more, and is just waiting for the scientific community to confirm them. In 2005, astronomer Warren Brown found _ . | [
"a star was speeding away very fast.",
"a stars was moving away very slowly.",
"some stars were not real.",
"some stars were not in the Milky Way."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_22160 | Which only needs sparse water? | [
"fish",
"frogs",
"whales",
"chuckwallas"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_17497 | It is necessary to add a day to the calendar every four years because | [
"the axis of Earth is tilted.",
"the gravitational pull of the Sun affects Earth's revolution.",
"the revolution of Earth is not exactly 365 days.",
"the Moon crosses the orbit of the Sun every 28 days."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_21543 | A tuna would prefer to consume | [
"An Apple",
"beef",
"Nemo",
"dogs"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_21996 | If an organism dies then the population of that organism will what? | [
"lessen",
"skyrocket",
"rise",
"grow"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14447 | My sister Sharon and I look very different. She's tall, and I'm short. She has short curly dark (,) hair, and I have long straight blond hair. We both have dark eyes, but Sharon wears glasses, and I don't. And she always wears large earrings . I don't wear earring. Sharon and I do many things together . We watch movies together, and we often go shopping. We play tennis together every Saturday. Often, people don't know that Sharon and I are sisters, because we look so . But we are also good friends. The sisters don't _ together. | [
"play the piano",
"play tennis",
"go shopping",
"watch movies"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_15483 | Look at the picture. Who is the girl? She is my friend. Her name is Alice Black. She is an English girl. Alice has a big family. Her grandparents have two daughters and one son -- her father. Alice lives with her grandparents, parents, two brothers and one sister. Alice has two dogs -- Bobby and Tony. Bobby is black and Tony is white. Alice likes them very much. Alice is a middle school student. She has a good friend at school. Her name is Helen. They are cousins, too. Alice's grandparents have _ children . | [
"two",
"three",
"four",
"five"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_17621 | What is the primary job of red blood cells? | [
"transport oxygen",
"remove waste",
"fight disease",
"allow reproduction"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_12515 | Radio, telephone and TV are widely used in the world. When you turn on the radio, you can listen. But when you use telephone, not only can you listen to others but also you can chat with them, however, you can't see anything at all. TV is much better than both of them. People can watch TV and listen to it, but they can't take part in what they see. Today, some people are using a type of telephone called vision-phone . With it, two people who are talking can see each other. It is better than radio, telephone or TV. Vision-phones can be of great use when you have something to show the person whom you are calling. It will be helpful in people's life. Some day you may be able to call up a library and ask to read a book on your vision-phone. You may be able to do some shopping too. Perhaps in the future, people will use vision-phone. ,. According to the passage, we can guess that the _ was invented last. | [
"radio",
"vision-phone",
"telephone",
"TV"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_12310 | There are millions of people throughout the world who are either born blind or have become blind over the course of their lifetimes. It is unfair to take away the visual beauty of the world from these people. Doctor Humayun has created the world's first bionic eye that could change the life of every blind people in the world. Doctor Mark Humayun is a well respected professor at the Doheny Eye Institute in California. He has been working for years on creating a bionic eye that would allow blind people to see images just like a normal person does. His idea of the bionic eye is actually an eye that has been built in a small video camera. The test results show the bionic eye has given blind patients the amazing ability to see the scientists doing the tests. But the images are still blurry and we need much work before the eye actually becomes a regular implant into blind people. Humayun believes that he can go into production with the bionic eye over the next three to five years. A closer look at the bionic eye is amazing. The patient wears a special set of eyeglasses. All the signals are passed to the implanted eye. It's done by wireless technology. Humayun has created an invention that could change the lives of millions of people. Imagine a world in which someone would no longer fear about being blind. This could be considered a technological achievement. How about the bionic eye created by Mark Humayun now? | [
"It can help the blind to see the man doing the test.",
"It has achieved an excellent effect during the use.",
"It can be implanted into the blind people's eyes.",
"It looks much like the normal people's eye."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_15374 | A thirsty bee went to a river to drink. As it was drinking , it was carried away by the running water. A kind bird saw the bee's danger. It picked a leaf and threw it into the water in front of the bee. The bee was able to climb onto the leaf, and it was brought safely to the land. The bee thanked the bird for its kindness and then flew away. Not long after , the bird was sitting on the branch of a tree . It did not see that a man was aimming his gun at it .But the bee saw what the man was doing . So the bee flew into the man's eye, and hurt him. The pain in his eye was so great that he was not able to shoot the bird, and the bird flew away. In this way, the bee, whose life had been saved by the bird, was able to save the life of the bird. ,. (5) Who saved the bird's life at last | [
"The bee.",
"The man.",
"It's friends.",
"The sheep."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_6056 | How to apply for a free mailbox ? First you have to connect to the Internet and go to the homepage of the ICP providing free mailboxes. Then you will find an icon , an agreement about the rules for using the free mailbox will appear. If you want to go, click the icon "I agree". Then you have to fill in a form about your basic personal data, and the name and PIN of the mailbox. The PIN is the key to the mailbox. After finishing these, you will get a mailbox like this:your name @ mail server (for example:tvguide@mail.cctv.com.cn. "tvguide" is the name of the mailbox, and "mail.cctv.com.cn" is the name of the mail server.). The mailbox is separated into two parts by a separator "@", which is read as "at". The former part is the name of the mailbox. The latter is the domain name of the mail server. All mails to you will be received by the server and put into your mailbox. You can read these mails on any computer on the Internet in the world, if you have the name and PIN of the mailbox. The writer mainly wants to tell us how to _ in this passage. | [
"send a letter by e-mail",
"read the e-mail on computers in the world",
"get a free mailbox",
"find out one's e-mail address"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_18619 | A star is a large astronomical body that | [
"reflects light.",
"condenses light.",
"emits light.",
"absorbs light."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_16269 | Hello, my name is Gina. John, Anna and I are good friends. We are in the same grade. But they are in Class Five and I am in Class Three. We get up at 7:00 and go to school at 7:30. In the morning we have four lessons. We have English every morning. John and Anna have English at 10:00 in the morning and I have _ at 11:00. English is my favorite subject. Math is their favorite. And we all like P.E. In the afternoon, we have three lessons. At 2:30 we have the art lesson in the same classroom. After school we often play soccer. We all like soccer. Sometimes we watch TV at my house. We don't play any computer games. Which lesson do Gina and her friends have in the same classroom? | [
"English",
"Math",
"Art",
"P.E."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_11561 | "If you want to see a thing well,reach out and touch it!" That may seem a strange thing to say.But touching things can help you to see them better. Your eyes can tell you that glass ball is round.But by holding it in your hands,you can feel how smooth and cool the ball is.You can feel how heavy the glass is. When you feel all these about the ball,you really see it. With your skin,you can feel better.For example,your fingers can tell the difference between two coins in your pocket.You can feel a little drop of water on the back of your hand,too. You can even feel sounds against your skin.Have you ever wanted to know why some people like very loud music? They must like to feel the sounds of music. All children soon learn what "Don't touch!" means.They hear it often.Yet most of us keep on touching things as we grow up.In shops,we touch things we might buy,such as food,clothes and so on.To see something well,we have to touch it. The bottoms of our feet can feel things,too.You know this when you walk on warm sand,cool grass or a bad floor.All feel different under your feet. There are ways of learning to see well by feeling. One way is to close your eyes and try to feel everything that is touching your skin.Feel the shoes on your feet,the clothes on your body,the air on your skin.At first,it is not easy to feel these things.You are too used to them! Most museums are just for looking.But today some museums have some things to touch.Their signs say,"Do touch! There you can feel everything on show.If you want to see better,reach out and touch.Then you'll really see!" By touching things _ . | [
"you will have a strange feeling",
"you will learn how to reach out",
"you can tell the difference between them",
"you can tell what colors they are"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_5059 | Winter weather has returned to northern areas of the world. In much of the United States, winter means the return of snow. Snow is a form of frozen water. It contains many groups of tiny ice particles ( ) called snow crystals ( ) . These crystals grow from water particles in cold clouds. They usually grow around a piece of dust. All snow crystals have six sides, but they grow in different shapes. The shape depends mainly on the temperature and water levels in the air. The shape of a snow crystal may change from one form to another as the crystal passes through levels of air with different temperatures. Snow contains much less water than rain. About seventy-five centimeters of snow has as much water as two and one-half centimeters of rain. Generally, the color1 of snow and ice appears white. This is because the light we see from the sun is white. Most natural materials take in some sunlight. However, when light travels from air to snow, some light is sent back, or reflected ( ). Snow crystals have many surfaces to reflect sunlight. It is this light that gives snow its white color1. Much of the water we use comes from snow. Melting snow gives water to rivers and crops. Snowfall helps to protect plants and some wild animals from cold. Fresh snow is made largely of air which is kept among the snow crystals. Because the air has trouble moving, the movement of heat is greatly reduced. However, snow is responsible for the deaths of hundreds of people in the United States every year. Many people die in traffic accidents on roads that are covered with snow or ice. According to the text, snow looks white because _ . | [
"snow is actually white",
"snow crystals are white",
"the reflected light is white",
"the ice particles are white"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14100 | One day Tom was playing with his younger brother Paul beside the well near their home. Suddenly Tom fell down the well. Paul was frightened. Their parents were not at home. Their father was working in the factory and their mother was helping a neighbor. Tom called his younger brother, Paul. Paul looked at the bottom of the well and saw his brother standing in the water of the well. Tom was five feet tall and the water was only three feet deep. Paul was glad to see his brother safe in the well. Then he ran home and brought a long rope. He was only six and not very strong, so he could not pull Tom out. He was thinking hard and finally had a good idea. He tied one end of the rope to a tree and threw the other end to his brother in the well. Then Tom climbed up the rope and got out of the well. He thanked his brother first and went home to exchange his wet clothes. Their parents were _ | [
"save in the well",
"away from home",
"working in the factory",
"helping a neighbor"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_19071 | A microscope can be placed against the sun and | [
"burn an ant in the light's path",
"Provide shade on a hot day",
"Take a close up picture of the ground",
"Show how many wrinkles I have on my skin"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_8358 | On the island of New Zealand, there is a grasshopper-like species of insect that is found nowhere else on earth. New Zealanders have given it the nickname weta, which is a native Maori word meaning "god of bad looks". It's easy to see why anyone would call this insect a bad-looking bug. Most people feel disgusted at the sight of these bulky ,slow-moving creatures. Wetas are natural creatures; they come out of their caves and holes only after dark. A gaint weta can grow to over three inches long and weigh as much as 1.5 ounces. Giant wetas can hop up to two feet at a time. Some of them live in trees, and others live in caves. They are very long-lived for insects, and some adult wetas can live as long as two years. Just like their cousins grasshoppers and crickets, wetas are able to "sing" by rubbing their leg parts together, or against their lower bodies. Most people probably don't feel sympathy for these endangered creatures, but they do need protecting. The slow and clumsy wetas have been around on the island since the times of the dinosaurs, and have evolved and survived in an environment where they had no enemies until rats came to the island with European immigrants. Since rats love to hunt and eat wetas, the rat population on the island has grown into a real problem for many of the native species that are unaccustomed to _ presence, and poses a serious threat to the native weta population. From which of the following is the passage LEAST likely to be taken? | [
"A science magazine.",
"A travel guide.",
"A business journal.",
"biology textbook."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_11203 | Insomnia is the inability to fall asleep or sleep restfully.It is a problem to nearly everyone at some time .A person may be awake for an hour in the middle of the night and then , next morning, feel that he hardly sleep all night Normally, worry about not getting enough sleep is the worst aspect of most insomnia.If insomnia is recurrent, however, it is important to find its causes and try to correct them, with the help of a doctor if necessary. Any of a large number of simple factors may take it difficult for someone to fall asleep or remain asleep.His matters may be too soft or too hard.If there are too many blankets on a hot night, he may be too warm; if the bedclothes are too light he may feel cold during the night.If it is not dark enough, or too noisy, this may cause difficulty in sleeping.Eating shortly before going to bed also be responsible for insomnia.Stimulating drinks, such as tea or coffee, can also keep people awake. Inability to fall asleep is sometimes a symptom of emotional or mental disorders.Insomnia may also be caused by pain and, very rarely, it can be a symptom of a physical disease. The cause of insomnia may be easy to correct.The sufferer should check the mattress, bedclothes and bedroom temperature, and make any necessary changes.An eye mask keeps out the night and ear-plugs shut out sound.He should relax for an hour or two before bedtime, perhaps by reading a book; watching TV, or taking a warm bath.If he wakes during the night he should try turning on the light and reading for a while.Taking warm milk and a biscuit or two may be helpful.Above all, he should try not to worry about sleeplessness when someone is tired enough he nearly always falls asleep. If necessary, a doctor may prescribe tranquillizers or sleeping pills.Take only the dosage he prescribes; any more is dangerous. The main cure for insomnia is _ . | [
"reading a book at night",
"having sleeping pills",
"watching television before bedtime",
"not to get too anxious about sleeping"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_20948 | Which is competition? | [
"a giraffe eats the highest leaves",
"a bear takes a salmon from the stream",
"a shark eats a tuna that an orca was hunting",
"a slug eats a blade of grass"
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_18934 | Water vapor is an example of what? | [
"moistness",
"warmth",
"heat",
"coldness"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_21816 | as a source of light becomes closer , that source will appear | [
"heavily luminous",
"sweeter",
"darker",
"louder"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_5612 | A Robot Fish has been developed by National University of Singapore's researchers from the Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering.This robot fish has movements which have been inspired by the movements of the carp . There are various purposes that it can be used for.It can help in underwater archaeology ( ).For example, it can enter a sunken city where human divers cannot enter.Just like a fish , it can also look at all the comers of particular wreckage.This robot can also be used for general purposes such as detection of leakages in a pipeline or for laying down communication cables across oceans.It also has possible military uses. In order to copy carp movements, Mr.Fan studied the movements of the fish for around 3 months.He studied all the different movements of carp using different cameras and then converted these movements mathematically to transfer this data to the robot using many actuators . Professor Xu commented on the robot that the current models that copy fish movements are capable only of 2D movements which limits their capability as they are not able to dive into water.He said that his model is the first model with 3D movements which allows it to dive as well as float with the help of its fins, just as a normal fish would do.Hence, this fish model robot has much greater movement capability.It would be much harder for enemies to detect as compared to traditional ones when used for military purposes. The researches want to make their robot fish even smaller, more realistic while adding more sensors such as GPS and video camera to it.This will improve its autonomous 3D movement.They are also planning to test the fish by giving it more difficult tasks such as detecting various objects. Which is NOT true about the 3D Robot Fish? | [
"It is capable of diving into water.",
"It cannot dive into water.",
"It can float using its fins.",
"It is difficult to detect."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_16821 | Look, this is a photo of Mr. White's family. The man in the photo is Mr. White, the father. The woman is the mother. They have two daughters. The girl behind Mr. White is Mary. She's 14. The girl behind Mrs. White is Jane. She is 11. Mary and Jane are in the same school, but not the same grade. Mary is in Grade2. Jane is in Grade 1. They are good students. How old are Mary and Jane? | [
"Eleven and thirteen",
"Fourteen and eleven",
"Eleven",
"Thirteen"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_2256 | Which is an example of melting? | [
"Flowing water making a rock smooth",
"A carrot becoming soft when cooked",
"Sugar mixed into tea making the tea sweet",
"Butter changing into liquid in a warm pan"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_21735 | A telescope is required for detailed observation of what? | [
"mountains",
"oceans",
"clouds",
"astral bodies"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_7855 | In department stores and closets all over the world, they are waiting. Their outward appearance seems rather appealing because they come in a variety of styles, patterns, materials, and color1s. But they are eventually the biggest deception that exists in the fashion industry today. What are they? They are high heels -- a woman's worst enemy (whether she knows it or not). High heel shoes are the downfall of modern society. Fashion myths have led women to believe that they are more beautiful or stylish for wearing heels, but in reality, heels succeed in creating short as well as long term troubles. Women should fight the high heel industry by refusing to use or purchase them in order to save the world from unnecessary physical and psychological suffering. For the sake of fairness, it must be noted that there is a positive side to high heels. First, heels are excellent for aerating lawns . Anyone who has ever worn heels on grass knows what I am talking about. A simple trip around the yard in a pair of those babiesgets rid of all the need to call for a lawn care specialist, and provides the perfect-sized holes to give any lawn oxygen without all those messy blocks of dirt lying around. Second, heels are quite functional for defending against oncoming enemies, who can easily be scared away by threatening them with a pair of these sharp, deadly fashion items. Regardless of such practical uses for heels, the fact remains that wearing high heels is harmful to one's physical health. Talk to any podiatrist , and you will hear that the majority of their business comes from high-heel-wearing women. High heels are known to cause problems such as misshapen feet and torn toenails. The risk of severe back problems and twisted or broken ankles is three times higher for a high heel wearer than for a flat shoe wearer. Wearing heels also creates the threat of getting a heel caught in a narrow sidewalk gap and being thrown to the ground--possibly breaking a nose, back, or neck. And of course, after wearing heels for a day, any woman knows she can look forward to a night of pain as she tries to comfort her aching feet. It can be inferred from the passage that women should _ . | [
"see through the very nature of fashion myths",
"refuse to buy the products of the fashion industry",
"go to a podiatrist regularly for advice",
"avoid following fashion too closely"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_17365 | Which of the following would be more likely to pollute a river? | [
"allowing beavers to build a dam",
"spreading fertilizer near the river",
"mowing the grass on the river bank",
"fishing from a bridge over the river"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_5122 | The Galapagos Islands are in the Pacific Ocean, off the western coast of South America They are a rocky, lonely spot, but they are also one of the most unusual places in the world. One reason is that they are the home of some of the last giant tortoises left on earth. Weighing hundreds of pounds, these tortoises go slowly around the rocks and sand of the islands. Strangely, each of these islands has its own particular kinds of tortoises. There are seven different kinds of tortoises on the eight islands, and each kind is slightly different from the other. Hundreds of years ago, thousands of tortoises were around these islands. However, all that changed when people started landing there. When people first arrived in 1535, crews would seize as many tortoises as they could. They would roll the tortoises onto their backs when they were brought onto the ships. The tortoises were completely helpless once on their backs, so they could only lie there until used for soups and stews. Almost 100,000 tortoises were carried off in this way. The tortoises faced other problems, too. Soon after the first ships, settlers arrived, bringing pigs, goats, donkeys, dogs and cats. A11 0f these animals ruined life for the tortoises. Donkeys and goats ate all the plants that the tortoises usually fed on, while the pigs, dogs and cats ate thousands of baby tortoises each year. Within a few years, it was hard to find any tortoise eggs-or even any baby tortoises. Finally, in the 1950s, scientists decided that something must be done. The first part of their plan was to remove as many cats, dogs and other animals as they could from the islands. Next, they tried to make sure that more baby tortoises would be born; This slow, hard work continues today, and, thanks to it, the number of tortoises is now increasing every year. Perhaps these wonderful animals will not disappear after all What's the result of the scientists' effort? | [
"The tortoises began to disappear gradually.",
"The number of tortoises began to decrease",
"Scientists took away other animals off the islands.",
"There are more and more giant tortoises on the islands."
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_10733 | Most people looking for ways to quit smoking worry about weight gain, and with good reason. Smokers who quit tend to pack on an average of 5 pounds after they stop smoking cigarettes. A new study, published by the journal Science, explains why this happens. The new research explains that nicotine appears to combine with appetite-regulating neurons in the brain, besides the receptors that bring about addiction. These neurons help regulate how much food gets consumed, but under the influence of nicotine, they lose their self-control. This is why when smokers quit, they tend to eat more and gain weight. The researchers believe that their discovery will lead to the development of drugs that aim at nicotine receptors on brain cells that control appetite. In the future, weight gain may no longer be a reason for smokers to delay the decision to kick the habit, but that's no reason to wait. Nicotine-replacement treatment, while not for everyone, can help. Here are a few more ways to quit smoking and stay slim. Drink water. To improve metabolic rates, make half of those glasses ice water. Juice can be too high in calories, something you'll want to keep an eye on your journey toward being a slimmer non-smoker. Plan your snacks. Healthy snacks help keep your metabolism working, so you continue to burn calories while stopping wild hunger pain, or fake hunger. Keep moving. Exercise kills two birds with one stone. It helps you burn calories and prevents you from eating when you're not truly hungry. It's also a feel-good stress reliever . Focus on your fitness and how being healthy makes you feel. Make exercise a goal and think of quitting as your reward for being physically fit. The purpose of the text is _ . | [
"to introduce the result of a new study",
"to explain the reason why smokers become slim",
"to prove the possibility of being a slim non-smoker",
"to tell us ways to quit smoking without gaining weight"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_19966 | An acquired characteristic is | [
"a jagged raised welt you've had since you fell down the stairs 6 years ago",
"freckles from your mom's genes",
"brown, curly hair that resembles your sister's",
"a large nose just like your dad's"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14991 | Butterflies are common all over the world,but butterflies in hotter countries are usually bigger and more brightly colored than those in coo1er countries,and there are more different kinds. Usually the male butterflies are more brightly colored than the females.The females have bigger and heavier bodies since they carry the eggs.The bright colors of the males help to attract the females,and the duller colors of the females make them less likely to be caught by enemies before they have laid their eggs. Some butterflies have bright pattern colors on the upper surface of their wings t _ show when flying ,but when they rest on a tree or leaves , they close their wings.On the undersides of their wings there are green and brown marks which look like the tree or leaves.They are then difficult to be seen.The best example of this is the Dead Leaf Butterfly.When its wings are c1osed,it looks exactly like a dead leaf.There are even marks that look like the holes in a dead leaf.When the butterfly is run after by a bird,it closes its wings and seems to have disappeared completely. Many butterflies have round marks on their wings that look like eyes.The round marks have a useful function .When the butterflies are resting,their wings are closed,and these marks can't be seen. When a bird sees one,and begins to attack it,the butterfly will open its Wings. The bird thinks that it sees two eyes staring at it,frightened,and flies away. The female butterflies have bigger and heavier bodies than the males because _ | [
"the females carry the eggs",
"the females eat more",
"the males are more active",
"the males have smaller wings"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_2165 | Which item is designed to change electrical energy into heat energy? | [
"Alarm clock",
"Hand dryer",
"Fan",
"Telephone"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_930 | Which animal is preparing for a seasonal change in the environment? | [
"a bat flying at night",
"a deer drinking water",
"an owl eating a mouse",
"a squirrel storing nuts"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_1369 | Which is a characteristic of a sperm cell but not of an egg cell? | [
"round shape",
"presence of a tail",
"contains genetic information",
"involved in sexual reproduction"
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_18424 | Which of the following statements best explains how the decomposition of plant and animal matter helps to form rich soils? | [
"Decomposition adds silt to soil.",
"Decomposition adds water to soil.",
"Decomposition adds oxygen to soil.",
"Decomposition adds nutrients to soil."
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_19609 | An example of refraction is | [
"The light that comes from the TV",
"The light from a fire",
"Turning the light on",
"Pickles seemingly bigger in the jar"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_19806 | The shape of a hummingbird's beak is an adaptation for | [
"getting to hard to reach wood",
"getting to hard to reach females",
"getting to hard to reach rocks",
"getting to hard to reach nutrients"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_3064 | According to a survey, only 4% of the people in the world are left-handed. Why? One theory centers on the two halves of the brain. For example, the left half and the right half, each of which functions differently. Medical science believes that the left half of the brain dominates over the right half. The foundation of this theory is the fact that nerves from the brain cross over at neck-level to the opposite side of the body, and nerves from the other side of the brain reciprocate . The end result is that the opposite sides of the body are controlled by the opposite sides of the brain. The dominant left half of the brain, which kindly supplies the right half of the body, theoretically makes it more skillful in reading, writing, speaking, and working, and makes most people right-handed. Lefties, however, whose right half of the brain dominates, work best with the left side of their bodies. Theory number two focuses on the _ nature of the body. Examples of the asymmetry, which flows from head to toe, are that the right side of our faces differs slightly from the left, that our legs differ in strength, or that our feet vary in size. One aspect of this asymmetry is that for most people the right hand is stronger than the left. There is no doubt that all exist in a "right-handed society", which produces most basics, including scissors, doorknobs, locks, screwdrivers, automobiles, buttons on clothing, and musical instruments for the 96%. Left-handed people make up for the unfairness by being members of an elite society, which includes many of the greatest geniuses, including Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? | [
"Left-handed people are better at speaking",
"Left-handed people are believed to have stronger left halves of the brains",
"Right-handed people are cleverer than left-handed people",
"Right-handed people work best with the right side of their bodies"
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_540 | Trees most likely change the environment in which they are located by | [
"releasing nitrogen in the soil.",
"crowding out non-native species.",
"adding carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.",
"removing water from the soil and returning it to the atmosphere."
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_6546 | Caffeine not only gives us a daily jump start, but new research suggests it also can strengthen long-term memory. According to the US Food and Drug Administration, nearly 90 percent of people worldwide consume about 200 milligrams of caffeine each day. That' s equivalent to about one strong cup of coffee a day. Writing in " Nature Neuroscience" , Johns Hopkins University researchers say their findings show that caffeine strengthens certain memories for up t0 24 hours after being taken in. " We've always known that caffeine has cognitive-enhancing effects , but its ,particular effects on strengthening memories and making them resistant to forgetting has never been examined in detail in humans, " said senior author of the paper Michael Yassa. " We re- port for the first time a specific effect of caffeine on reducing forgetting over 24 hours. " Conducting a double-blind trial, the researchers worked with a test group of people who didn't regularly consume caffeinated products. Five minutes after studying a series of images, the test subjects were given either a placebo or a 200-milligram caffeine tablet. To check the caffeine levels of their test subjects, the research team took saliva samples from them before they took their tablets and again one, three and 24 hours after- wards. Both groups of test participants ( those who took the placebo and those who took the caffeine tablet) were tested the following day to see if they could recognize the images they' d seen the previous day. The test included showing the test subjects another series of images that included some new images , those that were shown the previous day, as well as other images that were similar, but not the same as those they had viewed earlier. The researchers found that more members of the group who were given the caffeine tablets were able to correctly identify some of the new images as " similar" to previously viewed images rather than incorrectly identifying them as the same. "We also know that caffeine is associated with health and longevity and may havesome protective effects from cognitive decline like Alzheimer' s disease . " said Yassa. What will the next part of the text possibly talk about? | [
"Ways to achieve health and longevity.",
"The effects caffeine has on health.",
"The treatment for Alzheimer' s disease.",
"The harmful effects of cognitive decline."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_6290 | A unique thermo-solar power station Germasolar in southern Spain can work even on cloudy days:energy stored when the sun shines lets it produce electricity even during the night. It is the first solar power station in the world that works 24 hours a day! This is how it works: the panels reflect the sun's rays onto the tower, transmitting energy 1,000 times stronger than that of the sun's rays reaching the earth. Energy is stored in tanks, and then steam is produced before finally turned into electricity. It is the station's capacity to store plenty of energy that makes Gemasolar so different because it allows the plant to transmit power during the night, relying on energy it has gained during the day. Helped by the generous state aid, renewable energies have enjoyed a boom in Spain, the world number two in solar energy and the biggest wind power producer in Europe, ahead of Germany. For the Gemasolar solar product, foreign investors helped too: Torresol Energy is a joint enterprise between the Spanish engineering group Sener, which holds 60 percent, and Abu Dhabi-financed renewable energy firm Masdar. This type of station is expensive, not because of the raw material we use, which is free solar energy, but because of the enormous investment these plants require. The investment cost is over 200 million euros ($ 260 million). But the day when the business has repaid that money to the banks (maybe, in 18 years, someone estimates), this station will become a 1,000-euro note printing machine! For now, the economic crisis has nevertheless cast a shadow over this kind of project: Spain is battling to cut its deficit as it slides into a difficult time and has cancelled aid to new renewable energy projects. What is NOT the reason for this power station being unique? | [
"It is the first solar power station which costs over 200 million euros.",
"It is the first solar power station in the world working around the clock.",
"It even works well when it is cloudy.",
"Its capacity to store energy is large."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_15848 | Many years ago,there lived a very rich man who wanted to do something for the people of his town. But first he wanted to find out whether they were good enough to get his help. So he placed a very large stone in the center of the main road into town. Then he hid behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow. "Who put this stone in the center of the road?" said the old man,but he did not try to move the stone away. Instead,he passed around the stone and continued on his way. Another man came along and did the same thing; then another came,and another. All of them complained about the stone in the center of the road,but none of them tried to move it away. Late in the afternoon, a young man came along. He saw the stone and said, "It will be very dark at night. Some people will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone." The young man then began to move the stone. He pulled with all his strength to move it to one side. But imagine his surprise when he found a bag full of money and this message under the stone: "This money is for the thoughtful person who takes this stone away from the road. Thank you." How many people complained but didn't try to move the stone? | [
"Two.",
"Three.",
"Four.",
"Five."
] | null | C | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_15663 | Do you want to make friends with a special man? Here is some information about him. He is quiet and shy. He likes to hide his eyes behind his hair. He doesn't smile very often. However, if you talk to him about music, he'll have a lot to say. This is Jay Chou, the 34-year-old Taiwanese pop king . His fans are so excited because he will have a singing party next month. Many pop stars will come, too. Chou grew up just with his mother. He did not talk much and did badly in many school subjects. His mother noticed the boy's special interest in music and sent him to learn piano when he was only three years old. He loved it and kept on practicing. Chou is not very handsome. He does not speak clearly when he sings or talks. But the singer has a lot of fans. "He is really good at music. It makes him attractive to me, " said Liu Jiajun, a Junior 2 student in No. 101 Middle School in Beijing. "He is true to himself. _ , "said Zhang Yujie, a Junior 1 girl at No.23 Middle School in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. How old is Jay Chou now? | [
"Thirty-one.",
"Thirty-two.",
"Thirty-three.",
"Thirty-four."
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_10904 | Leaders of the World Health Organization say they are concerned about the air quality and health efiects on citizens during a recent outbreak of heavy pollution in Beijing.Still,they said they were unsure of the exact amount the air pollution takes on any person's body,casting doubts on local reports tying the area's dirty air to particular cases of illness. Speaking at a briefing on Tuesday,the WHO's Western Pacific regional director, Shin Young--Soo,cited reports about poor air quality causing lung cancer in recent weeks. "The WHO is skeptical of the information,"she said."We're cautious of whether the illness is related to air po11ution. We know it has an impact on health,but we don't know how much." The officials didn't cite particular reports.The comments follow a number of articles since late last year connecting some cases of diseases like lung cancer with pollution,.including one in November regarding an 8-year-old girl. The health impact of Beijing's gray skies has been on the minds of many over the past week. Local authorities on Tuesday preserved an orange alert the city's second highest pollution-warning level--and again warned people to stay indoors.Experts widely agree that small particulates known as PM2.5 carry significant short-and long-term health risks,particularly with children.Other studies find a certain link between pollution and shorter life spans. Chinese state media have noted a rise in cancer levels in Beijing,without specifying whether the new cases are the main result of pollution,smoking,other sources or some combination. Bernhard Schwartlander,the organization's China chief,said he is concerned and has been in contact with national authorities."There is no easy solution,"Dr. Schwartlainder said,adding that solving the problem requires managing industry and the economy.WHO leaders advised citizens.to stay indoors and limit exposure to the harmful particulates.When asked if wearing a face mask has any proven efficacy in preventing health effects of air pollution,Dr. Schwartlainder said,"Whatever you do,it's better than nothing." We can learn from the passage that_. | [
"in case of an orange alert, we had better not go outside",
"the case of the girl with lung cancer was little' linked to air pollution",
"cancer levels in Beijing are rising due to heavy air pollution",
"it is widely agreed that pollution shortens life spans very slightly"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_5926 | A breathtaking trick potentially left over from our ancestors might be found in us -- the ability to sense oxygen through our skin. Amphibians, animals such as frogs that can live both on land and in water, have long been known to be capable of breathing through their skin. In fact, the first known lungless frog that breathes only through its skin was discovered recently in the rivers of Borneo. Now the same oxygen sensors found in frog skins and in the lungs of mammals have unexpectedly been discovered in the skin of mice. "No one had ever looked," explained Randall Johnson, a biologist researcher. Mice and frogs are quite distant relatives, so the fact they have these molecules in common in their skin suggests they might well be found in the skin of other mammals, such as humans. "We have no reason to think that they are not in the skin of people too," Johnson said. These molecules not only detect oxygen, but help increase levels of vital red blood cells, which carry oxygen around the body. Normal mice breathing in air that is 10 percent oxygen--a dangerously low level similar to conditions at the top of Mount Everest, and about half that of air at sea level. However, mice that had the oxygen sensor HIF-1a genetically removed from their skin failed to produce this hormone even after hours of such low oxygen. These findings, if they hold true in humans, suggest one could raise the level of oxygen circulating inside the body. This could help treat lung diseases and disorders such as anemia without injecting drugs, which make up a multibillion-dollar market, Johnson said. Athletes also often try to get more oxygen delivered to their muscles in order to improve their performance. They often do this by training at high altitudes or in low-oxygen tents. The new study suggests they might want to expose their skin as well as breathing in low-oxygen air to improve their performance. "It's hard to say what exactly might be done, however--there's a lot we don't know yet," Johnson explained. The scientists detailed their findings in the April 18 issue of the journal Cell. The best title of the passage may be _ . | [
"Humans Might Sense Oxygen Through Skin",
"Frogs And Mice Are Distant Relatives",
"First Known Animal Breathes Through Skin",
"Great Findings Benefits Athletes A Lot"
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_9847 | Astronomers say they are on the point of finding planets like Earth orbiting other stars, which is a key step in determining if we are alone in the universe. A top NASA official and other leading scientists say that within four or five years they should discover the first Earth-like planet where life could develop, or may have already. A planet close to the size of Earth could even be found sometime this year. At the annual American Astronomical Society conference this week, each discovery involving so-called "exoplanets" --those outside our solar system -- pointed to the same conclusion:Quiet planets like Earth where life could develop probably are plentiful. NASA's Dew Kepler telescope and a lot of new research from the suddenly hot and competitive exoplanet field caused noticeable buzz at the meeting.Scientists are talking about being at "an incredible special place in history" and closer to answering the question. "Are we alone? For the first time, there's an optimism that sometime in our lifetimes we're going to _ that," said Simon Worden,an astronomer who heads NASA's Ames Research Center. "If I were a betting man, which I am, I would bet we're not alone." "These are big questions that reflect upon the meaning of the human race in the universe," the director of the Vatican Observatory, the Rev. Jose Funes, said Wednesday in an interview at this week's conference. Worden told The Associated Press: "I would certainly expect in the next four or five years we'd have an Earth-sized planet in the habitable zone." What is very important in determining if we are alone in the universe? | [
"Finding an Earth-like planet",
"Orbiting other stars.",
"Developing new telescopes",
"Finding more exoplanets."
] | null | A | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_14535 | Do you have a good memory? Maybe you remember better than all of your friends. But even if you have a short-term memory, it's better than a chimpanzee's , right? Well, you may be wrong. Tetsuro Matszawa, a scientist from Kyoto University, Japan has showed how chimps have far better memories than humans. "We learn that chimps have great memories by doing tests," he told The Guardian "You can do things to improve your memory." How do chimps have better memories than us? Scientists tested four chimps and human volunteers. They showed them five numbers on a computer screen. Chimps and human volunteers had to remember the numbers correctly. But to make it hard, the numbers disappeared after seven tenths of a second. Then they will reduce the time to two tenths of a second. While humans began to make mistake after mistake, the young chimps still did very well. Why do they have better memories? We share 98.8 percent of our DNA with chimps. But during evolution , we lost some of our shared abilities. As humans learned new skills, like language, we had to lose some of our memory skills to make room in our brains. "To get something, we had to lose something," said the scientist. Chimps need good memories to survive . When a chimp looks up at the big tree and pick a banana, he must remember where he saw it as he fights off competition from other animals. What did the scientist's study find? | [
"Chimps can remember all of their friends.",
"Chimps have better memories than humans.",
"Chimps do things to improve their memories.",
"Chimps can do many things better than humans."
] | null | B | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_13191 | Liu Yingying is a student at No. 17 Middle School in Shanghai. She is 14 years old. She likes English and she often reads English books at home. She can speak English well and write many English words. She likes speaking English with her classmates and teachers at school. Her teachers like her. Liu Yingying likes music and she can play the piano. She often practises it at home in the morning. Liu Yingying has a happy family. Her father is a worker in a car factory and her mother is a hotel manager. Her father likes sports . His favourite sport is table tennis. Her mother likes sports, too. But she likes swimming. What about Liu Yingying? She likes playing tennis. How old is Liu Yingying? | [
"She is ten.",
"She is twelve.",
"She is thirteen.",
"She is fourteen."
] | null | D | |
mmlu_stem | mmlu_stem_3381 | Mr. Eckerd at the end of the street was a different fellow with a different kind of house. He let kids from the neighborhood come to see his house, but only if they had written permission from their parents, and if he'd already spoken to the parents before. What made it so different? He shared his home with rescued animals that the county couldn't keep. He had the permission to have things like monkeys, large cats, and other strange creatures. His house had the ivy -covered brick wall and the iron gate across the driveway. Once you went inside, the hedges lining the driveway were carved into the shapes of animals. There were other pretty plants on the grounds, too. The old brick house held a lot of surprises. The double doors with the lion's head door knockers opened into a large flat entryway. In the wooden board walls all around, there were fish tanks with colorful fishes. The ceilings were painted with scenes of plants and rare animals. Room opened off from there. Continuing down the hall, you came to a large courtyard, which had been caged in, partly open to the sky .A large group of tiny monkeys shook up and down trees. You had to walk through a caged tunnel into other parts of the house. They called out to whoever walked in, hoping for treats of fruits, nuts, and seeds. Behind that, the hall continued to a room full of snakes and lizards. It felt like a desert in that room, so dry and hot. It was not everyone's favorite room, but it certainly was interesting. The final room was actually out back, and definitely not something to miss. It was much like a large glass bird cage or a greenhouse. It was there that you would usually find Mr Eckerd on a bench next to some carvings of jungle animals. He was watching the Bengal tiger that wandered back and forth inside the cage. Mr. Eckerd's house was the strangest and most unique place in town, a place very well worth seeing. What exhibit or animal room seemed to be the least popular for most people? | [
"The tiger.",
"The monkeys.",
"The birds.",
"The snakes and lizards."
] | null | D |
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