dataset string | id string | question string | choices list | rationale string | answer string | subject string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
sciq | sciq_10870 | When carbon atoms are not bonded to as many hydrogen atoms as possible, what kind of hydrocarbon results? | [
"saturated",
"aqueous",
"unsaturated",
"unstable"
] | Unsaturated hydrocarbons have at least one double or triple bond between carbon atoms, so the carbon atoms are not bonded to as many hydrogen atoms as possible. In other words, they are unsaturated with hydrogen atoms. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_5029 | Water in its solid state is commonly known as what? | [
"glass",
"sea",
"ice",
"carbon dioxide"
] | During the water cycle, water occurs in three different states: gas (water vapor), liquid (water), and solid (ice). Many processes are involved as water changes state in the water cycle. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_26 | Water molecules move about continuously due to what type of energy? | [
"optical",
"potential",
"seismic",
"kinetic"
] | Water molecules move about continuously due to their kinetic energy. When a crystal of sodium chloride is placed into water, the water’s molecules collide with the crystal lattice. Recall that the crystal lattice is composed of alternating positive and negative ions. Water is attracted to the sodium chloride crystal be... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_9865 | The size of the solute particles determines the rate of what? | [
"extracting",
"merging",
"solution",
"dissolving"
] | The rate at which a solute dissolves depends upon the size of the solute particles. Dissolving is a surface phenomenon since it depends on solvent molecules colliding with the outer surface of the solute. A given quantity of solute dissolves faster when it is ground into small particles than if it is in the form of a l... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_8719 | What type of organism is used to produce alcoholic beverages and bread? | [
"yeast",
"insects",
"bacteria",
"larvae"
] | A | null | |
sciq | sciq_7765 | Electromagnetic radiation is a form of what? | [
"wave",
"fuel",
"fusion",
"energy"
] | Electromagnetic radiation is a form of energy. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_11350 | What important and unusual physical property (for birds) do ostriches and penguins share? | [
"flightlessness",
"waterproofness",
"bonelessness",
"webbed feet"
] | There are about 10,000 living species of birds. Almost all of them can fly. Flying birds are classified in 29 orders. Most species belong to the order of perching birds. A few birds are flightless, such as the ostrich and penguin, but they evolved from a flying ancestor. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_11243 | Like simple hormone pathways, hormone cascade pathways typically involve what kind of feedback? | [
"effective",
"negative",
"neutral",
"positive"
] | B | null | |
sciq | sciq_3220 | Internal body fluids link exchange surfaces to what else? | [
"ligaments",
"organs",
"tissue",
"body cells"
] | D | null | |
sciq | sciq_11526 | What is the length of the route between two points? | [
"speed",
"distance",
"direction",
"velocity"
] | Distance is the length of the route between two points. The distance of a race, for example, is the length of the track between the starting and finishing lines. In a 100-meter sprint, that distance is 100 meters. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_8201 | What organ interprets what our sensory organs sense? | [
"nerves",
"brain",
"lungs",
"thyroid"
] | Sensory neurons in each sense organ receive stimuli, or messages from the environment that cause a response in the body. For example, sensory neurons in the eyes send messages to the brain about light. Sensory neurons in the skin send messages to the brain about touch. Our sense organs recognize sensations, but they do... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_2210 | The cells of most eukaryotic and many prokaryotic organisms can carry out what type of respiration? | [
"kinetic",
"anaerobic",
"energetic",
"aerobic"
] | D | null | |
sciq | sciq_5745 | What is necessary for growth and energy? | [
"breeding",
"determination",
"nutrients",
"warmth"
] | C | null | |
sciq | sciq_11209 | In the mammal family, what is the name for hoofed animals, such as deer, sheep, goats, pigs, buffalo, elephants and giraffes? | [
"rodents",
"ungulates",
"primates",
"bovines"
] | Ungulates include hoofed animals, such as deer, sheep, goats, pigs, buffalo, elephants and giraffes ( Figure below ). These mammals use their hoofs to sustain their whole body weight while moving. Hoofs are formed by a thick nail rolled around the tip of the toe. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_980 | Unlike plants, animal species rely almost exclusively on what type of reproduction? | [
"multiplication",
"pollination",
"regeneration",
"sexual reproduction"
] | Introduction Plants have evolved different reproductive strategies for the continuation of their species. Some plants reproduce sexually, and others asexually, in contrast to animal species, which rely almost exclusively on sexual reproduction. Plant sexual reproduction usually depends on pollinating agents, while asex... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_652 | What is the total number of codons? | [
"51",
"68",
"64",
"45"
] | The mRNA is divided into three-base segments called codons. A codon is the segment of nucleotides that codes for an amino acid, or for a start or stop signal. There are 64 codons. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_6984 | What is the wheeled robot developed by nasa to explore the surface of mars? | [
"mars rover",
"mars SUV",
"mars robot",
"mars driver"
] | The Mars Rover pictured here is a wheeled robot developed by NASA. Its job is to explore the surface of Mars. The rover contains a lot of complex modern technology. But how it moves by rolling on wheels is a very old invention. The wheel was probably invented many times in different cultures, beginning at least 10,000 ... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_1433 | Iron will do what when it is exposed to oxygen and water? | [
"expand",
"contract",
"become hot",
"rust"
] | Perhaps the most familiar example of corrosion is the formation of rust on iron. Iron will rust when it is exposed to oxygen and water. The main steps in the rusting of iron appear to involve the following (Figure 17.17). Once exposed to the atmosphere, iron rapidly oxidizes. anode: Fe(s) ⟶ Fe 2+(aq) + 2e −. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_4170 | Two or more what may bond with each other to form a molecule? | [
"quarks",
"particles",
"atoms",
"clouds"
] | Figure 2.9 Two or more atoms may bond with each other to form a molecule. When two hydrogens and an oxygen share electrons via covalent bonds, a water molecule is formed. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_11497 | What substance flows over the land from precipitation or melting snow or ice? | [
"lava",
"air",
"water",
"nitrogen"
] | water that flows over the land from precipitation or melting snow or ice. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_11385 | What kind of bond doesn't form molecules, but instead forms crystals? | [
"magnetic bonds",
"electron bonds",
"ionic bonds",
"covalent bonds"
] | Ionic compounds contain ions of metals and nonmetals held together by ionic bonds. Ionic compounds do not form molecules. Instead, many positive and negative ions bond together to form a structure called a crystal. You can see an example of a crystal in Figure below . It shows the ionic compound sodium chloride. Positi... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_6053 | What term means anything that is detected either through human senses or with instruments and measuring devices that extend human senses? | [
"observation",
"evaluation",
"evacuation",
"variation"
] | Science rests on evidence and logic, so it deals only with things that can be observed. An observation is anything that is detected either through human senses or with instruments and measuring devices that extend human senses. Things that cannot be observed or measured by current means—such as supernatural beings or e... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_9249 | An example of a variable relating to the ramp is its what? | [
"color",
"weight",
"mass",
"steepness"
] | A: Variables might include factors relating to the ramp or to the object. An example of a variable relating to the ramp is its steepness. An example of a variable relating to the object is the way it moves—it might roll or slide down the ramp. Either of these variables could be manipulated by the researcher, so you cou... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_3785 | How many quarks are in each proton and neutron? | [
"ten",
"three",
"five",
"four"
] | Remember the quarks from the first page of this chapter? Quarks are even tinier particles of matter that make up protons and neutrons. There are three quarks in each proton and three quarks in each neutron. The charges of quarks are balanced exactly right to give a positive charge to a proton and a neutral charge to a ... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_4541 | What organs filter blood and form urine? | [
"the appendix",
"the kidneys",
"the liver",
"the spleen"
] | The kidneys filter blood and form urine. They are part of the urinary system, which also includes the ureters, bladder, and urethra. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_5223 | During the day, what type of energy is transferred from the air over the land to the air over the water? | [
"thermal",
"nuclear",
"magnetic",
"atmospheric"
] | A: During the day, thermal energy is transferred from the air over the land to the air over the water. During the night, thermal energy is transferred in the opposite direction. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_1333 | Fossil records show that what process may occur in "fits and starts"? | [
"isolation",
"evolution",
"variation",
"generation"
] | Millions of fossils have been found since Darwin’s time. They show that evolution may occur in fits and starts. Long period of little or gradual change may be interrupted by bursts of rapid change. The rate of evolution is influenced by how the environment is changing. Today, Earth’s climate is changing rapidly. How do... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_3911 | What do chemical reactions need to be activated? | [
"space",
"energy",
"products",
"food"
] | Chemical reactions also need energy to be activated. They require a certain amount of energy just to get started. This energy is called activation energy . For example, activation energy is needed to start a car engine. Turning the key causes a spark that activates the burning of gasoline in the engine. The combustion ... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_5276 | The number of moles of solute in 1 kg of solvent is defined as what? | [
"molarity",
"singularity",
"kilocalorie",
"pollenation"
] | An alternative way to define the concentration of a solution is molality, abbreviated m. Molality is defined as the number of moles of solute in 1 kg of solvent. How is this different from molarity? Would you expect a 1 M solution of sucrose to be more or less concentrated than a 1 m solution of sucrose? Explain your a... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_11112 | What are mammals called that reproduce by laying eggs? | [
"Fish",
"marsupials",
"monotremes",
"amphibians"
] | Only five living species of mammals are not therian mammals. They are called monotremes. Monotremes are mammals that reproduce by laying eggs. The only living monotreme species are the platypus and echidnas (see Figure below and Figure below ). They are found solely in Australia and New Guinea (an island not far from A... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_4880 | What organisms known as decomposers break down wastes and dead organisms into smaller molecules? | [
"consumers",
"herbivores",
"trees",
"bacteria"
] | Bacteria known as decomposers break down wastes and dead organisms into smaller molecules. These bacteria use the organic substrates they break down to get their energy, carbon, and nutrients they need for survival. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_1783 | Some reactions need extra help to occur quickly. they need another substance called what? | [
"protein",
"neurotransmitter",
"a catalyst",
"hormone"
] | Some reactions need extra help to occur quickly. They need another substance called a catalyst. A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst isn’t a reactant, so it isn’t changed or used up in the reaction. Therefore, it can catalyze many other reactions. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_9465 | What causes rivers to always flow downhill? | [
"gravity",
"slope",
"diffusion",
"pressure"
] | Currents are like rivers flowing through the ocean. Rivers always flow downhill because of gravity. What do you think causes ocean currents to flow?. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_6643 | Prokaryotes divide via binary fission and do not undergo what process of cell division? | [
"prophase",
"fusion",
"mitosis",
"meiosis"
] | Reproduction Reproduction in prokaryotes is asexual and usually takes place by binary fission. Recall that the DNA of a prokaryote exists as a single, circular chromosome. Prokaryotes do not undergo mitosis. Rather the chromosome is replicated and the two resulting copies separate from one another, due to the growth of... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_7591 | The most common mode of asexual reproduction is through the formation of asexual these? | [
"spores",
"atoms",
"fibers",
"cells"
] | The most common mode of asexual reproduction is through the formation of asexual spores, which are produced by one parent only (through mitosis) and are genetically identical to that parent (Figure 24.8). Spores allow fungi to expand their distribution and colonize new environments. They may be released from the parent... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_4896 | Dna replication is the first step in what process for both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells? | [
"cell division",
"cell transfer",
"cell growth",
"cell death"
] | 1. The first step in eukaryotic cell division, as it is in prokaryotic cell division, is DNA replication. As you can see in Figure below , each chromosome then consists of two identical copies. The two copies are called sister chromatids. They are attached to each other at a point called the centromere. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_4800 | Cells that undergo cell division continue to have their telomeres shortened, thus telomere shortening is associated with what life process? | [
"reproduction",
"metabolism",
"reducing",
"aging"
] | Telomerase and Aging Cells that undergo cell division continue to have their telomeres shortened because most somatic cells do not make telomerase. This essentially means that telomere shortening is associated with aging. With the advent of modern medicine, preventative health care, and healthier lifestyles, the human ... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_4138 | What happens when chemical bonds in a burning log break? | [
"decrease heat",
"release heat",
"remove heat",
"hold heat"
] | Energy is a measure of the amount of or potential for movement in something. The total amount of energy in the universe is always the same. This symmetry is called a conservation law. Conservation of energy is one of five conservation laws that govern our universe. A group of things (we’ll use the word system ) has a c... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_5994 | When scientists work in natural settings rather than a lab, it is called what? | [
"outside work",
"extracurricular activity",
"fieldwork",
"exploratory"
] | Some life scientists mainly do lab research. Other life scientists, like the botanist in Figure below , work in natural settings. This is called fieldwork . Whether in the lab or the field, research in life science can be dangerous. It’s important to be aware of the risks and how to stay safe. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_7960 | What are professionals in technology are generally called ? | [
"doctors",
"engineers",
"scientists",
"biomechanics"
] | Companies that design and build roller coasters employ a range of technology professionals. Technology is the application of science to real-world problems. Professionals in technology are generally called engineers . Engineers are creative problem solvers. They use math and science to design and develop just about eve... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_6723 | Snake venom may join the class of drugs collectively known as thrombolytic agents, which can help speed up the degradation of an abnormal what? | [
"bleed",
"brain",
"bone",
"clot"
] | on a daily basis as a preventive measure. However, aspirin can also lead to serious side effects, including increasing the risk of ulcers. A patient is well advised to consult a physician before beginning any aspirin regimen. A class of drugs collectively known as thrombolytic agents can help speed up the degradation o... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_8355 | What term given to animals like reptiles is a synonym for ectothermic, which means that their heat comes from their environment? | [
"thermal regulating",
"hot-blooded",
"warm-blooded",
"cold-blooded"
] | Reptiles cold-blooded, or ectothermic, meaning that their heat come from their environment. Sometimes defined as all amniotes that are not birds or mammals. Reptiles can be classified by skull structure into four groups: • • • •. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_5326 | What protects reptiles from injury and loss of water? | [
"hairs",
"tail",
"pores",
"scales"
] | Molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration until an equilibrium is met. The molecules continue to cross the membrane at equilibrium, but at equal rates in both directions. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_10820 | What is it that surrounds cells and serve to keep the insides separated from the outsides? | [
"inner membranes",
"abundant membranes",
"biological membranes",
"similar membranes"
] | Membranes Biological membranes surround cells and serve to keep the insides separated from the outsides. They are formed of phospholipid bilayer1 s, which by definition are a double layer of fatty acid2 molecules (mostly phospholipid3 s, lipids containing lots of phosphorus). Proteins4 serve very important functions in... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_4634 | Where do the majority of species live? | [
"air",
"land",
"trees",
"ocean"
] | Mollusks live in most terrestrial, freshwater, and marine habitats. However, the majority of species live in the ocean. They can be found in both shallow and deep water and from tropical to polar latitudes. They have a variety of ways of getting food. Some are free-living heterotrophs. Others are internal parasites. Mo... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_10771 | What is a thin layer of gas that surrounds earth called? | [
"the dioxide",
"the cloud cover",
"the wind cycle",
"the atmosphere"
] | The atmosphere is a thin layer of gas that surrounds Earth. Climatologists study the atmosphere. These scientists work to understand the climate as it is now. They also study how climate will change in response to global warming. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_5826 | An endocrine disease usually involves the secretion of too much or not enough hormone by which gland? | [
"Pancreas",
"Pituitary",
"Thyroid",
"endocrine"
] | Diseases of the endocrine system are fairly common. An endocrine disease usually involves the secretion of too much or not enough hormone by an endocrine gland. This may happen because the gland develops an abnormal lump of cells called a tumor. For example, a tumor of the pituitary gland can cause secretion of too muc... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_5249 | As adults, amphibians are completely _______, meaning they feed on other animals. | [
"monogamous",
"herbivorous",
"carnivorous",
"omnivorous"
] | Amphibians are an important food source for animals such as birds, snakes, raccoons, and fish. Amphibians are also important predators. As larvae, they feed mainly on small aquatic animals such as water insects. They may also feed on algae. As adults, amphibians are completely carnivorous . They may catch and eat worms... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_10735 | What is the term for a disturbance in matter that causes the transfer of energy from place to place? | [
"flooding wave",
"nucleation",
"mechanical wave",
"temperature wave"
] | A mechanical wave is a disturbance in matter that transfers energy from place to place. A mechanical wave starts when matter is disturbed. An example of a mechanical wave is pictured in Figure below . A drop of water falls into a pond. This disturbs the water in the pond. What happens next? The disturbance travels outw... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_2939 | Regulated by guard cells, stomata allow what to enter and exit the plant? | [
"fluid",
"molecules",
"nutrients",
"gases"
] | Chapter 30 1 Figure 30.7 A and B. The cortex, pith, and epidermis are made of parenchyma cells. 3 Figure 30.34 B. 4 C 6 C 8 A 10 B 12 A 14 B 16 C 18 B 20 D 22 C 24 C 26 C 27 Lawn grasses and other monocots have an intercalary meristem, which is a region of meristematic tissue at the base of the leaf blade. This is bene... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_4287 | How many valence electrons can be found in a carbon atom? | [
"four",
"three",
"One",
"five"
] | Let’s briefly review the basics of covalent bonding as they pertain to carbon. Carbon has four valence electrons, which have a 2s 2 2p 2 configuration in isolated carbon atoms. These four electrons allow carbon to form four covalent bonds, which can mean four single bonds or some combination of single, double, and trip... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_862 | What term means the minimum energy required in order for a collision between molecules to result in a chemical reaction? | [
"solar energy",
"activation energy",
"depletion energy",
"maximum energy"
] | Summary A minimum energy (activation energy, Ea) is required for a collision between molecules to result in a chemical reaction. Plots of potential energy for a system versus the reaction coordinate show an energy barrier that must be overcome for the reaction to occur. The arrangement of atoms at the highest point of ... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_3162 | What term is used to describe structures that are similar in unrelated organisms? | [
"symbolic",
"isolated",
"analogous",
"reproductive"
] | Analogous structures are structures that are similar in unrelated organisms. The structures are similar because they evolved to do the same job, not because they were inherited from a common ancestor. For example, the wings of bats and birds, shown in Figure below , look similar on the outside. They also have the same ... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_1247 | The corona surrounds which major object in our solar system? | [
"Earth's moon",
"Jupiter",
"Neptune",
"the sun"
] | The corona is the halo around the Sun. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_3337 | What are the taste receptors found as tiny bumps on the tongue called? | [
"fat buds",
"ear buds",
"hard buds",
"taste buds"
] | Taste receptors are found in tiny bumps on the tongue called taste buds (see Figure below ). There are separate taste receptors for sweet, salty, sour, bitter, and meaty tastes. The meaty taste is called umami . You can learn more about taste receptors and the sense of taste by watching the animation at the following l... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_7534 | What is the study of the relationship between electricity and chemical reactions called? | [
"analytical chemistry",
"inorganic chemistry",
"electrochemistry",
"physical chemistry"
] | Summary Electrochemistry is the study of the relationship between electricity and chemical reactions. The oxidation–reduction reaction that occurs during an electrochemical process consists of two halfreactions, one representing the oxidation process and one the reduction process. The sum of the halfreactions gives the... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_5122 | Hydrocarbons are made up of carbon and what else? | [
"hydrogen",
"helium",
"nitrogen",
"silicon"
] | Hydrocarbons are compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen. The carbon atoms in hydrocarbons may share single, double, or triple covalent bonds. Unsaturated hydrocarbons contain at least one double or triple bond between carbon atoms. They are classified on the basis of their bonds as alkenes, aromatic hydrocarbo... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_835 | A type of what in a cow's gut enables the animal to digest grass? | [
"algae",
"bacteria",
"virus",
"pests"
] | Kevin Walsh. Cows are able to digest grass with the help of the bacteria methanogens in their gut . CC BY 2.0. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_10022 | What type of compounds make up the cells and tissues of organisms? | [
"hormonal compounds",
"productive compounds",
"organic compounds",
"biochemical compounds"
] | Biochemical compounds make up the cells and tissues of organisms. They are also involved in life processes, such as making and using food for energy. Given their diversity of functions, it’s not surprising that there are millions of different biochemical compounds. However, they can be grouped into just four main class... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_10958 | What is a force that opposes motion between any surfaces that are touching? | [
"vibration",
"friction",
"gravity",
"tension"
] | Friction is a force that opposes motion between any surfaces that are touching. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_2622 | What type of organism was the only able to live in the anoxic atmosphere of the first 2 billion years? | [
"aerobic",
"mammals",
"protists",
"anaerobic"
] | CHAPTER SUMMARY 22.1 Prokaryotic Diversity Prokaryotes existed for billions of years before plants and animals appeared. Hot springs and hydrothermal vents may have been the environments in which life began. Microbial mats are thought to represent the earliest forms of life on Earth, and there is fossil evidence of the... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_7452 | The mechanics of dynein-based bending involve a process that resembles what? | [
"walking",
"standing",
"jumping",
"running"
] | A | null | |
sciq | sciq_10169 | In what part of the carbon cycle does carbon move between living things and the air? | [
"envelop cycle",
"biotic cycle",
"abdaspac cycle",
"endothermic cycle"
] | Carbon moves through ecosystems in two cycles that overlap. In the biotic cycle, it moves between living things and the air. In the abiotic cycle, it moves between the air, ground, and oceans. By burning fossil fuels, humans have increased the amount of carbon dioxide in the air. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_4239 | Because complex plant carbohydrates such as cellulose are more difficult to digest, what animal diet is associated with a complicated digestive system? | [
"herbivore",
"omnivore",
"carnivore",
"polyvore"
] | Different diets require different types of digestive systems. Mammals that eat a carnivorous diet generally have a relatively simple digestive system. Their food consists mainly of proteins and fats that are easily and quickly digested. Herbivorous mammals, on the other hand, tend to have a more complicated digestive s... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_643 | By breaking down wastes and remains of dead organisms, decomposers perform what function in an ecosystem? | [
"collecting",
"recycling",
"reproduction",
"symbiosis"
] | Most prokaryotes get both energy and carbon from other living things. Many of them are decomposers. They break down wastes and remains of dead organisms. In this way, they help to recycle carbon and nitrogen through ecosystems. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_9316 | All cells have voltages across their what? | [
"display membranes",
"plasma membranes",
"ribosomes",
"nuclei"
] | B | null | |
sciq | sciq_8490 | Under certain conditions, electric current causes what type of field? | [
"kinetic",
"seismic",
"light",
"magnetic"
] | Electricity and magnetism are inextricably linked. Under certain conditions, electric current causes a magnetic field. Under other conditions, a magnetic field can cause an electric current. A moving charged particle creates a magnetic field around it. Additionally, when a moving charged particle moves through a differ... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_7233 | What branch of science holds hope for developing crops with genes that help them withstand harsh conditions? | [
"chemistry",
"physiology",
"physics",
"biotechnology"
] | Biotechnology will allow the development of crops containing genes that will help them to withstand harsh conditions. For example, drought and salty soil are two significant factors affecting how well crops grow. But there are crops that can withstand these harsh conditions. Why? Probably because of that plant's geneti... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_7028 | Life on earth is carbon-based. organisms need not only energy but also carbon ________ for building bodies? | [
"monoxide",
"atoms",
"crystals",
"ions"
] | Life on Earth is carbon-based. Organisms need not only energy but also carbon atoms for building bodies. For nearly all life, the ultimate source of carbon is carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), an inorganic molecule. CO 2 makes up less than 1% of the Earth’s atmosphere. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_7384 | What are typically arranged into complex tubular networks with extensive surface areas? | [
"alveoli",
"hair follicles",
"transport epithelia",
"Golgi apparatus"
] | C | null | |
sciq | sciq_7449 | What is the cloud of brown dust-like power that escapes when a puffball fungus is touched? | [
"seeds",
"ions",
"pollon",
"spores"
] | This is a "puffball" fungus. At maturity, clouds of a brown dust-like power escape when they are touched. This powdery substance is made up of spores, the reproductive structure of the fungus. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_11264 | What is the smallest unit of a chemical element called? | [
"cell",
"droplet",
"atom",
"nucleus"
] | An atom is the smallest unit of a chemical element . That is, an atom has all the properties of that element. All atoms of the same element have the same number of protons. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_3421 | How many different main types of diabetes are there? | [
"ten",
"three",
"four",
"two"
] | D | null | |
sciq | sciq_11159 | What are the major types anchoring proteins? | [
"claudins and semimetals",
"amino and fatty acids",
"claudins and occludins",
"semimetals and occludins"
] | Tight junctions are composed of strands of transmembrane proteins embedded in the plasma membranes of two adjacent cells. The extracellular domains of these proteins directly join to one another. These joining proteins associate with peripheral membrane proteins located on the intracellular side of plasma membrane. The... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_5680 | Within the microsporangium, the microspore mother cell divides by meiosis to give rise to four microspores, each of which will ultimately form this? | [
"zygote",
"sperm cell",
"pollen grain",
"ova"
] | Within the microsporangium, the microspore mother cell divides by meiosis to give rise to four microspores, each of which will ultimately form a pollen grain (Figure 32.7). An inner layer of cells, known as the tapetum, provides nutrition to the developing microspores and contributes key components to the pollen wall. ... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_9357 | The processes of homeostasis and temperature control are centered in the hypothalamus of the advanced animal brain, thus thermoregulation depends on what organ system? | [
"cardiovascular system",
"digestive system",
"nervous system",
"circulatory system"
] | Neural Control of Thermoregulation The nervous system is important to thermoregulation, as illustrated in Figure 33.22. The processes of homeostasis and temperature control are centered in the hypothalamus of the advanced animal brain. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_6130 | What are the two types of vascular tissues? | [
"epidermis and phloem",
"ectoderm and phloem",
"xylem and phloem",
"ganglia and phloem"
] | Vascular tissue runs through the ground tissue inside a plant. It transports fluids throughout the plant. Vascular tissue actually consists of two types of tissues, called xylem and phloem. The two types of vascular tissue are packaged together in bundles. You can see them in the celery in Figure below . | C | null |
sciq | sciq_4182 | What helps ensure that, at least, some species will survive environmental change? | [
"spontaneous mutation",
"biodiversity",
"ecosystem",
"reproduction"
] | Biodiversity generally increases the productivity and stability of ecosystems. It helps ensure that at least some species will survive environmental change. It also provides many other ecosystem services. For example:. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_507 | A fish's stream-lined body that reduces water resistance is an example of what kind of response to an aquatic lifestyle? | [
"retraction",
"adaptation",
"evolution",
"natural selection"
] | Many structures in fish are adaptations for their aquatic lifestyle. For example, fish have a stream-lined body that reduces water resistance while swimming. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_5127 | Pure substances have a constant composition and can only be changed through what? | [
"liquid reactions",
"chemical reactions",
"heating",
"dissolution"
] | When studying the different states that matter exhibits, we have been looking at pure substances . Pure substances have a constant composition and can only be changed through chemical reactions. Constant composition indicates that a sample of a pure substance always contains the same elements in the same proportions. T... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_10532 | Changes in the number of what can lead to disorders like down syndrome? | [
"genes",
"chromosomes",
"dna",
"prokaryotes"
] | Changes in chromosome number can lead to disorders like Down syndrome. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_7690 | What type of microscope is used to see extremely small objects? | [
"ultrasonic microscope",
"electron microscope",
"X-ray microscope",
"optical microscope"
] | Light microscopes continued to improve and are still used today. However, to see extremely small objects, a different type of microscope, such as an electron microscope, must be used. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_3937 | The mole fraction of the solvent is just one minus the mole fraction of what? | [
"solution",
"solute",
"nutrients",
"molecules"
] | The molarity is 0.0129 M, the molality is 0.0129 m, the mole fraction is 2.33 × 10 , and the solution contains 1830 ppm Na2HPO4. Mole fraction is most useful for calculating vapor pressure, because Raoult’s law states that the vapor pressure of a solution containing a non-volatile solute is equal to the mole fraction o... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_5027 | What is the force that pulls downward on an object and is measured by weight? | [
"light",
"work",
"strength",
"gravity"
] | Weight measures the force of gravity pulling downward on an object. The SI unit for weight, like other forces, is the Newton (N). On Earth, a mass of 1 kilogram has a weight of about 10 Newtons because of the pull of Earth’s gravity. On the moon, which has less gravity, the same mass would weigh less. Weight is measure... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_9721 | What is the most abundant biochemical compound? | [
"methane",
"soil",
"tissue",
"cellulose"
] | Cellulose is another complex carbohydrate found in plants that is a polymer of glucose. Cellulose molecules bundle together to form long, tough fibers. Cellulose is the most abundant biochemical compound. It makes up the cell walls of plants and gives support to stems and tree trunks. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_433 | Where in the atom is a neutron found? | [
"orbit",
"proton",
"electron",
"the nucleus"
] | A neutron is one of three main particles that make up the atom. It is found in the nucleus and is neutral in electric charge. It has about the same mass and diameter as a proton. Neutrons are found in all atoms except for most atoms of hydrogen. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_1425 | Where does an object gain or lose it's energy to during travel through a potential difference? | [
"particle field",
"wave field",
"electric field",
"magnetic field"
] | The energy that the object gains or loses when traveling through a potential difference is supplied (or absorbed) by the electric field --- there is nothing else there. Therefore, it follows that electric fields contain energy . | C | null |
sciq | sciq_5485 | Land could not be colonized by other organisms until what became established? | [
"gases",
"oxygen",
"carbon dioxide",
"plants"
] | All that changed when plants moved from water to land. This may have happened by 500 million years ago or even earlier. On land, everything was wide open. There were no other living things. Without plants, there was nothing for other organisms to eat. Land could not be colonized by other organisms until land plants bec... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_982 | What is the distinctive shape of the molecule that contains genetic information? | [
"cylindrical",
"spiral",
"cube",
"conical"
] | The spiral structure in the picture is a large organic molecule. Can you guess what it is? Here’s a hint: molecules like this one determine who you are. They contain genetic information that controls your characteristics. They determine your eye color, facial features, and other physical attributes. What molecule is it... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_9649 | Angiosperms possess reproductive structures that attract animals that perform what role? | [
"pollination",
"evolution",
"isolation",
"vegetation"
] | structure in angiosperms consisting of male and female reproductive structures that attracts animal pollinators. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_2418 | What is the term for something that limits the growth or development of an organism, population, or process? | [
"limiting factor",
"variable",
"controlling factor",
"stumbling block"
] | In the predator-prey example, one factor limits the growth of the other factor. As the prey population deceases, the predator population is begins to decrease as well. The prey population is a limiting factor. A limiting factor limits the growth or development of an organism, population, or process. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_650 | What are protons and neutrons that make up the nucleus of an atom called? | [
"electron shells",
"nucleons",
"pions",
"baryons"
] | and Z, the atomic number, is the number of protons. The protons and neutrons that make up the nucleus of an atom are callednucleons, and an atom with a particular number of protons and neutrons is called anuclide. Nuclides with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes. Isotopes c... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_3833 | Water pollution occurs when chemicals, sewage, trash, or heat enter what? | [
"natural resources",
"air resources",
"water resources",
"renewable resources"
] | Water pollution occurs when chemicals, sewage, trash, or heat enter water resources. Water pollution is threatening the limited supply of clean, fresh water that human beings and other living things depend on. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_11579 | Polyester fabric's resistance to wrinkling comes from the cross-linking of what? | [
"polymer strands",
"velocity strands",
"wool strands",
"algae strands"
] | PET is used in tires, photographic film, food packaging, and clothing. Polyester fabric is used in permanent-press clothing. Its resistance to wrinkling comes from the cross-linking of the polymer strands. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_10003 | What is the term for the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes? | [
"inheritance",
"crossing-over",
"meiosis",
"asexual reproduction"
] | When homologous chromosomes pair up during meiosis I, crossing-over can occur. Crossing-over is the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes. It results in new combinations of genes on each chromosome. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_10399 | Which type of galaxies contain very little gas and dust, are red to yellow in color, contain over a trillion stars and have mostly old stars? | [
"blue elliptical galaxies",
"giant elliptical galaxies",
"giant gaseous galaxies",
"giant orbital galaxies"
] | Giant elliptical galaxies contain over a trillion stars. Elliptical galaxies are red to yellow in color because they contain mostly old stars. Most contain very little gas and dust because the material has already formed into stars. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_7332 | What is made of gases that are essential for photosynthesis and other life activities? | [
"atmosphere",
"stratosphere",
"ocean",
"air"
] | The atmosphere is made of gases that are essential for photosynthesis and other life activities. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_7787 | What are the most advanced group of seedless vascular plants called? | [
"shrubs",
"conifers",
"ferns",
"grasses"
] | The seedless vascular plants include club mosses, which are the most primitive; whisk ferns, which lost leaves and roots by reductive evolution; and horsetails and ferns. Ferns are the most advanced group of seedless vascular plants. They are distinguished by large leaves called fronds and small sporangia-containing st... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_9760 | Some living things on the ocean floor are sources of what human necessity? | [
"medicines",
"pesticides",
"hormones",
"steroids"
] | The ocean floor is home to many species of living things. Some from shallow water are used by people for food. Clams and some fish are among the many foods we get from the ocean floor. Some living things on the ocean floor are sources of human medicines. For example, certain bacteria on the ocean floor produce chemical... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_6266 | What two activities are especially important when a number of local populations are linked, forming a metapopulation? | [
"immigration and family reunions",
"family reunions and emigration",
"flow and emigration",
"immigration and emigration"
] | D | null |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.