dataset string | id string | question string | choices list | rationale string | answer string | subject string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
sciq | sciq_903 | In humans, there are five primary tastes, and each taste has only one corresponding type of what? | [
"neuron",
"receptor",
"membrane",
"organ"
] | In humans, there are five primary tastes, and each taste has only one corresponding type of receptor. Thus, like olfaction, each receptor is specific to its stimulus (tastant). Transduction of the five tastes happens through different mechanisms that reflect the molecular composition of the tastant. A salty tastant (co... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_481 | Does climate change have a positive or negative effect on reproductive success? | [
"positive",
"negative",
"both",
"neither"
] | B | null | |
sciq | sciq_8649 | A change in temperature with distance is called a what? | [
"oxygen gradient",
"speed gradient",
"solution gradient",
"temperature gradient"
] | Air temperature changes with altitude. This does not occur in the same way as pressure and density, which decrease with altitude. Changes in air temperature are not regular. A change in temperature with distance is called a temperature gradient . | D | null |
sciq | sciq_9241 | What organ absorbs about 90 percent of the water you ingest? | [
"large intestine",
"lungs",
"skin",
"small intestine"
] | Absorption, Feces Formation, and Defecation The small intestine absorbs about 90 percent of the water you ingest (either as liquid or within solid food). The large intestine absorbs most of the remaining water, a process that converts the liquid chyme residue into semisolid feces (“stool”). Feces is composed of undiges... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_9836 | What event occurs between the two solstices? | [
"Leap Year",
"equinox",
"summer",
"Christmas"
] | Equinox comes halfway between the two solstices. At equinoxes, the Sun's rays shine most directly at the Equator ( Figure below ). The daylight and nighttime hours are exactly equal on an equinox. The autumnal, or fall, equinox happens on September 22 or 23. The vernal, or spring, equinox happens March 21 or 22 in the ... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_4917 | In a science lab, what device would you use to measure the volume of a liquid? | [
"yardstick",
"graduated cylinder",
"anemometer",
"Richter scale"
] | Measuring devices must be used correctly to get accurate measurements. Figure below shows the correct way to use a graduated cylinder to measure the volume of a liquid. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_9897 | What kind of phenotype results in a case of incomplete dominance? | [
"long phenotype",
"intermediate phenotype",
"short phenotype",
"backward phenotype"
] | 1. Define energy, and state where living things get the energy they need. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_2509 | The strength of bases is measured on what scale? | [
"litmus test",
"acid test",
"pneumatic scale",
"ph scale"
] | The strength of bases is measured on a scale called the pH scale, which ranges from 0 to 14. On this scale, a pH value of 7 indicates a neutral solution, and a pH value greater than 7 indicates a basic solution. The higher the pH value is, the stronger the base. The strongest bases, such as drain cleaner, have a pH val... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_3117 | What secures teeth in the mouth? | [
"cartilage",
"socket",
"plug",
"muscles"
] | Anatomy of a Tooth The teeth are secured in the alveolar processes (sockets) of the maxilla and the mandible. Gingivae (commonly called the gums) are soft tissues that line the alveolar processes and surround the necks of the teeth. Teeth are also held in their sockets by a connective tissue called the periodontal liga... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_9214 | During diastole, what happens to the elastic walls of the arteries? | [
"they become hardened",
"they snap back",
"they evolve",
"they expand"
] | B | null | |
sciq | sciq_9087 | What are named for their “spiny skin”? | [
"amphibians",
"reptiles",
"echinoderms",
"arachnids"
] | Echinoderms are named for their “spiny skin. ” However, the spines aren’t on their skin. They are part of the endoskeleton. The endoskeleton consists of calcium carbonate plates and spines, covered by a thin layer of skin. Adult echinoderms have radial symmetry . This is easy to see in the sea star and sand dollar in F... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_92 | What percentage of men suffer from some form of erectile dysfunction by age 40? | [
"approximately 80 percent",
"approximately 60 percent",
"approximately 40 percent",
"approximately 10 percent"
] | Male Reproductive System Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a condition in which a man has difficulty either initiating or maintaining an erection. The combined prevalence of minimal, moderate, and complete ED is approximately 40 percent in men at age 40, and reaches nearly 70 percent by 70 years of age. In addition to aging... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_4739 | How long can a large star be on the main sequence stage? | [
"10 million years",
"60.11 million years",
"200.4 million years",
"3 million years"
] | Large stars burn through their supply of hydrogen very quickly. These stars “live fast and die young!” A very large star may only be on the main sequence for 10 million years. A very small star could remain on the main sequence for tens to hundreds of billions of years—far longer than the current age of our Universe. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_6410 | What term refers to something supplied by nature that helps support life? | [
"natural resource",
"free resource",
"simple resource",
"existing resource"
] | A natural resource is something supplied by nature that helps support life. When you think of natural resources, you may think of fossil fuels, like the coal in the coal field pictured in Figure below . However, sunlight, wind, soil, and living things are also important natural resources. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_900 | What does phagocytosis defend the body from? | [
"allergies",
"pathogens",
"parasites",
"obesity"
] | 4. State how phagocytosis helps defend the body from pathogens. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_9710 | What is the order and family of a meat-eating cat like a tiger? | [
"Synapsida felidae",
"carnivora felidae",
"hierarchies felidae",
"Mammalia felidae"
] | Most chordates are animals with backbones. These range from small fish to giant whales, from playful dogs to ferocious cats. Not nearly as diverse as the invertebrates. But chordates do have many amazing species. The white tiger ( Panthera tigris ) is a chordate. The tiger is also from the class Mammalia, order Carnivo... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_10378 | What type of treatment is being researched that may cure or prevent genetic disorders? | [
"regulatory therapy",
"preventive therapy",
"variation therapy",
"gene therapy"
] | There are many genetic disorders that are due to a single gene. What if we could fix this faulty gene? With the development of gene therapy, that may eventually be possible for many types of genetic disorders. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_3768 | How can we reduce use of energy resources? | [
"liberation",
"restoration",
"modification",
"conservation"
] | We can reduce our use of energy resources and the pollution they cause by conserving energy. Conservation means saving resources by using them more efficiently or not using them at all. Figure below shows several ways that people can conserve energy in their daily lives. You can find more energy-saving tips at the URL ... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_1638 | Other than nitrogen, which nutrient most often limits marine production? | [
"phosphorus",
"zinc",
"potassium",
"calcium"
] | A | null | |
sciq | sciq_7939 | What is a compound that can form ions when it dissolves in water called? | [
"isolate",
"compound",
"sulfate",
"electrolyte"
] | acid will form a homogeneous solution with water. (In fact, the solubility of both butanol and pentanoic acid in water is quite low, only about 3 g per 100 g water at 25°C. ) 10. An electrolyte is any compound that can form ions when it dissolves in water. When a strong electrolyte dissolves in water, it dissociates co... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_10987 | Amphibians are ectothermic vertebrates that divide their time between freshwater and what else? | [
"arboreal habitats",
"deserts",
"saltwater",
"terrestrial habitats"
] | Amphibians are ectothermic vertebrates that divide their time between freshwater and terrestrial habitats. They are the first true tetrapods, or vertebrates with four limbs. Amphibians breathe with gills as larvae and with lungs as adults. They have a three-chambered heart and relatively complex nervous system. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_5131 | What are the effects of light on plant morphology called? | [
"photomorphogenesis",
"Microsporogenesis",
"electrogenesis",
"Megasporogenesis"
] | A | null | |
sciq | sciq_7970 | A phospholipid is a bond between the glycerol component of a lipid and what else? | [
"phosphorous molecule",
"chlorine molecule",
"elemental molecule",
"oxygen molecule"
] | Phospholipids As its name suggests, a phospholipid is a bond between the glycerol component of a lipid and a phosphorous molecule. In fact, phospholipids are similar in structure to triglycerides. However, instead of having three fatty acids, a phospholipid is generated from a diglyceride, a glycerol with just two fatt... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_3301 | An external opening in the what of amphibians allows wastes and gametes to exit the body? | [
"urethra",
"cloaca",
"anus",
"oral cavity"
] | All amphibians have digestive, excretory, and reproductive systems. All three of these organ systems use a single body cavity, called the cloaca. Wastes enter the cloaca from the digestive and excretory systems. Gametes enter the cloaca from the reproductive system. A single external opening in the cloaca allows the wa... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_132 | What term is used to describe a collection of molecules surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer that is capable of reproducing itself? | [
"cell",
"organism",
"proteins",
"atom"
] | A cell membrane is essentially a mixture of phospholipids that form a phospholipid bilayer. One definition of a cell is a collection of molecules surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer that is capable of reproducing itself. The simplest cells are bacteria, which consist of only a single compartment surrounded by a single... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_3253 | What force opposes a motion of a moving body? for example a car breaking on a road. | [
"tension",
"vibration",
"thermal",
"friction"
] | Friction is a force that opposes motion between any surfaces that are touching. Friction can work for or against us. For example, putting sand on an icy sidewalk increases friction so you are less likely to slip. On the other hand, too much friction between moving parts in a car engine can cause the parts to wear out. ... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_10325 | What body system allows humans to move? | [
"digestive system",
"lung system",
"muscular system",
"abnormal system"
] | The muscular system consists of all the muscles in the body. This is the body system that allows us to move. You also depend on many muscles to keep you alive. Your heart, which is mostly muscle, pumps blood around your body. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_9318 | A crucial function of the cranial nerves is to keep visual stimuli centered on the fovea of what eye structure? | [
"pupil",
"scelra",
"iris",
"retina"
] | Testing eye movement is simply a matter of having the patient track the tip of a pen as it is passed through the visual field. This may appear similar to testing visual field deficits related to the optic nerve, but the difference is that the patient is asked to not move the eyes while the examiner moves a stimulus int... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_2598 | How many bones does the mammalian middle ear have? | [
"three",
"two",
"four",
"twelve"
] | The mammalian middle ear has three tiny bones that carry sound vibrations from the outer to inner ear. The bones give mammals exceptionally good hearing. In other vertebrates, the three bones are part of the jaw and not involved in hearing. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_482 | What is the most common form of dwarfism in humans? | [
"achondroplasia",
"alopecia",
"malnutrition",
"anemia"
] | It can be. Achondroplasia is the most common form of dwarfism in humans, and it is caused by a dominant mutation. The mutation can be passed from one generation to the next. Over 95% of unrelated individuals with Achondroplasia have the same mutation, making it one of the most common mutations in the human genome. Why?... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_2011 | What do you call a substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions.? | [
"a compound",
"an element",
"a participate",
"a molecule"
] | B | null | |
sciq | sciq_8707 | An aquifer is an underground layer of rock that is saturated with what? | [
"groundwater",
"wastewater",
"ocean water",
"oil"
] | An aquifer is an underground layer of rock that is saturated with groundwater. One of the biggest aquifers in the world is the Ogallala aquifer in the American Midwest. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_7709 | What includes the bones and cartilage? | [
"skull",
"fossil",
"skeleton",
"lungs"
] | The human skeleton includes bones and cartilage. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_10154 | What is a mutation? | [
"change in the nucleotide sequence of dna",
"change in the rna sequence of dna",
"change in the swetha sequence of dna",
"change in the distinct sequence of dna"
] | 28.7 Patterns of Inheritance There are two aspects to a person’s genetic makeup. Their genotype refers to the genetic makeup of the chromosomes found in all their cells and the alleles that are passed down from their parents. Their phenotype is the expression of that genotype, based on the interaction of the paired all... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_9066 | In arthropods, coxal glands and malphigian tubules perform what role? | [
"photosynthesis",
"excretion",
"reproduction",
"ingestion"
] | Some arthropods have special excretory structures. They are called coxal glands and Malphigian tubules. Coxal glands collect and concentrate liquid waste from blood. They excrete the waste from the body through a pore. Malphigian tubules carry waste from the digestive tract to the anus. The waste is excreted through th... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_3837 | Vertebrates are a subphylum of what phylum? | [
"porifera",
"arthropoda",
"hydrozoa",
"chordata"
] | Vertebrates are a subphylum of the phylum Chordata. Like all chordates, vertebrates have a notochord, a dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and a post-anal tail. What other characteristics do vertebrates have? What traits set them apart from invertebrate chordates?. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_1435 | The most common two-lens telescope, like the simple microscope, uses lenses of what shape? | [
"cylindrical",
"convex",
"concave",
"angular"
] | The most common two-lens telescope, like the simple microscope, uses two convex lenses and is shown in Figure 26.23(b). The object is so far away from the telescope that it is essentially at infinity compared with the focal lengths of the lenses ( d o ≈ ∞ ). The first image is thus produced at. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_4175 | What organ participates in all digestive activities except ingestion and defecation? | [
"small intestine",
"tongue",
"stomach",
"large intestine"
] | 23.4 The Stomach The stomach participates in all digestive activities except ingestion and defecation. It vigorously churns food. It secretes gastric juices that break down food and absorbs certain drugs, including aspirin and some alcohol. The stomach begins the digestion of protein and continues the digestion of carb... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_10252 | What type of shape does a pelvic inlet have? | [
"oval shape",
"cylindrical",
"conical",
"cubic"
] | Pelvic inlet has a round or oval shape. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_2287 | What type of direction does a phase change depend on? | [
"power transfer",
"humidity transfer",
"weight transfer",
"heat transfer"
] | Remember that a phase change depends on the direction of the heat transfer. If heat transfers in, solids become liquids, and liquids become solids at the melting and boiling points, respectively. If heat transfers out, liquids solidify, and gases condense into liquids. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_11513 | What is the measure of how closely molecules are packed together? | [
"volume",
"length",
"density",
"frequency"
] | Density is mass per unit volume. Density is a measure of how closely molecules are packed together. The closer together they are, the greater the density. Since air is a gas, the molecules can pack tightly or spread out. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_1878 | Sebaceous glands produce an oily substance called what? | [
"pus",
"synovial fluid",
"sebum",
"ear wax"
] | Sebaceous glands produce an oily substance called sebum . Sebum is secreted into hair follicles and makes its way to the skin surface. It waterproofs the hair and skin and helps prevent them from drying out. Sebum also has antibacterial properties, so it inhibits the growth of microorganisms on the skin. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_2050 | Internal metabolism and the external environment are the sources of heat for what? | [
"bioaccumulation",
"hemeostasis",
"optimization",
"thermoregulation"
] | D | null | |
sciq | sciq_8215 | Another measure of the effectiveness of a machine is its what? | [
"chemical advantage",
"aesthetic effect",
"mechanical advantage",
"cost benefit"
] | Another measure of the effectiveness of a machine is its mechanical advantage. Mechanical advantage is the number of times a machine multiplies the input force. It can be calculated with the equation:. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_11390 | A reference point is used in measurement to make what? | [
"regression",
"deviation",
"focal point",
"estimation"
] | Estimation, as used in measurement, is the process of referencing a physical quantity in terms of a calibration or reference point. All measurement devices have reference marks of some kind. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_6535 | Each protein has its own unique sequence and shape held together by chemical interactions. if the protein is subject to changes in temperature, ph, or exposure to chemicals, the protein structure may change, losing its shape in what is known as this? | [
"extraction",
"gastrulation",
"denaturation",
"fermentation"
] | Each protein has its own unique sequence and shape held together by chemical interactions. If the protein is subject to changes in temperature, pH, or exposure to chemicals, the protein structure may change, losing its shape in what is known as denaturation as discussed earlier. Denaturation is often reversible because... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_1481 | What property are alkali metals at room temperature? | [
"liquid",
"solid",
"solid",
"mixed"
] | Alkali metals are all solids at room temperature. They are relatively soft and low in density. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_5442 | What is the first phase of mitosis? | [
"telophase",
"meiosis",
"metaphase",
"prophase"
] | The first and longest phase of mitosis is prophase . During prophase, chromatin condenses into chromosomes, and the nuclear envelope, or membrane, breaks down. In animal cells, the centrioles near the nucleus begin to separate and move to opposite poles (sides) of the cell. As the centrioles move, a spindle starts to f... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_11413 | What releases fatty acids and other components from fats and phospholipids? | [
"peristaltic hydrolysis",
"enzymatic hydrolysis",
"enzyme respiration",
"metabolism"
] | B | null | |
sciq | sciq_6899 | Almost all energy at earth's surface comes from where? | [
"the sun",
"oceans",
"wind",
"another sun"
] | Almost all energy at Earth's surface comes from the Sun. The Sun’s energy heats the planet and the air around it. This causes the atmosphere to move and create weather. Sunlight also powers photosynthesis and life on Earth. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_2806 | What is the comparison of two factors within a population? | [
"variable",
"hypothesis",
"curve",
"correlation"
] | Correlation is a comparison of two factors within a population. Correlation does not imply causation. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_11639 | What can protons and neutrons be broken down into? | [
"quarks",
"ions",
"molecules",
"strings"
] | Today, scientists think that electrons truly are fundamental particles that cannot be broken down into smaller, simpler particles. They are a type of fundamental particles called leptons. Protons and neutrons, on the other hand, are no longer thought to be fundamental particles. Instead, they are now thought to consist... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_1446 | What disease is described as a respiratory disorder characterized by wheezing, coughing, and a feeling of constriction in the chest? | [
"inflammation",
"asthma",
"indigestion",
"dementia"
] | Respiratory system disorders are directly related to air pollution. These disorders have severe effects on human health, some leading to death directly related to air pollution. Air pollution related respiratory disorders include asthma, bronchitis, and emphysema. Asthma is a respiratory disorder characterized by wheez... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_3504 | What is the primary gas produced from burning of wood? | [
"liquid dioxide",
"toxic dioxide",
"Hydrogen Dioxide",
"carbon dioxide"
] | When wood burns, it changes to ashes, carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases. You can see ashes in the wood fire pictured here. The gases are invisible. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_1183 | What always continues in a red supergiant? | [
"movement",
"fusion",
"fission",
"heat"
] | In a red supergiant, fusion does not stop. Lighter atoms fuse into heavier atoms. Eventually iron atoms form. When there is nothing left to fuse, the star’s iron core explodes violently. This is called a supernova explosion. The incredible energy released fuses heavy atoms together. Gold, silver, uranium and the other ... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_4899 | Adaptations that go along with the active, carnivorous lifestyle of sharks are known as? | [
"similar senses",
"acute parameters",
"acute senses",
"Relative traits"
] | C | null | |
sciq | sciq_1792 | An unbalanced force on an object in motion causes what? | [
"velocity",
"acceleration",
"vibration",
"agitation"
] | An object will not change its state of motion (i. e. , accelerate) unless an unbalanced force acts on it. Equal and oppositely directed forces on the same object do not produce acceleration. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_3055 | Line graphs are especially useful for showing changes over what? | [
"time",
"energy",
"velocity",
"space"
] | Line graphs are especially useful for showing changes over time. The line graph in Figure below shows how distance from school changed over time when some students went on a class trip. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_8540 | Which phylum are all vertebrate organisms a member of? | [
"phylum chordata",
"phylum hominid",
"pylum protozoa",
"phylum arthropod"
] | All vertebrate organisms are in the phylum Chordata. Invertebrates, which make up about 95% (or more) of the animal kingdom, are divided into over 30 different phyla, some of which are listed below ( Table below ). Numerous invertebrate phyla have just a few species; some have only one described species, yet these are ... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_4776 | Omnivores are animals that eat both plant- and? | [
"liquid diets",
"animal-derived food",
"biofuel",
"recycled food"
] | Omnivores are animals that eat both plant- and animal-derived food. In Latin, omnivore means to eat everything. Humans, bears (shown in Figure 34.4a), and chickens are example of vertebrate omnivores; invertebrate omnivores include cockroaches and crayfish (shown in Figure 34.4b). | B | null |
sciq | sciq_9537 | What is the primary energy source for cells? | [
"sucrose",
"protein",
"glucose",
"glycogen"
] | Figure 8.5 The basic equation for photosynthesis is deceptively simple. In reality, the process takes place in many steps involving intermediate reactants and products. Glucose, the primary energy source in cells, is made from two three-carbon GA3Ps. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_8036 | What are membrane-bound organelles with their own dna called? | [
"chromosomes",
"plastids",
"vacuoles",
"ribosomes"
] | Plastids are membrane-bound organelles with their own DNA. Examples are chloroplasts and chromoplasts. Chloroplasts contain the green pigment chlorophyll and carry out photosynthesis . Chromoplasts make and store other pigments. They give flower petals their bright colors. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_2393 | What is the greek word meaning "to help make things easier"? | [
"toy",
"machine",
"battery",
"mode"
] | 9.5 Simple Machines Simple machines are devices that can be used to multiply or augment a force that we apply – often at the expense of a distance through which we apply the force. The word for “machine” comes from the Greek word meaning “to help make things easier. ” Levers, gears, pulleys, wedges, and screws are some... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_9966 | What determines sex in animals? | [
"ribosomes",
"cell density",
"sex chromosomes",
"cell structure"
] | Sex chromosomes determine sex in animals and many plants. Other chromosomes are called autosomes. Sex-linked traits are controlled by genes on sex chromosomes. They may be inherited differently than autosomal traits. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_4741 | What is the term for a watertight seal between two adjacent animal cells? | [
"cell membrane",
"placental barrier",
"cell wall",
"tight junction"
] | A tight junction is a watertight seal between two adjacent animal cells (Figure 3.17b). Proteins hold the cells tightly against each other. This tight adhesion prevents materials from leaking between the cells. Tight junctions are typically found in the epithelial tissue that lines internal organs and cavities, and com... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_1720 | When a balloon is rubbed against hair, why do they attract each other? | [
"lean electron charge",
"opposite electron charge",
"same electron charge",
"constantly electron charge"
] | Electrons are transferred from hair to a balloon rubbed against the hair. Then the oppositely charged hair and balloon attract each other. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_2273 | What was the first mass extinction that occurred on earth? | [
"proterozoic mass extinction",
"precambrian mass extinction",
"paleozoic mass extinction",
"late Devonian mass extinction"
] | At the end of the Precambrian, a mass extinction occurred. In a mass extinction , the majority of species die out. The Precambrian mass extinction was the first of six mass extinctions that occurred on Earth. It’s not certain what caused this first mass extinction. Changes in Earth’s geology and climate were no doubt i... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_8921 | What is the term for a period when temperatures are cooler than normal causing glaciers to spread to lower latitudes? | [
"cooling era",
"ice age",
"freezing point",
"cold age"
] | But ice ages also occurred many times in the past. An ice age is a period when temperatures are cooler than normal. This causes glaciers to spread to lower latitudes. Scientists think that ice ages occurred at least six times over the last billion years alone. How do scientists learn about Earth’s past climates?. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_3638 | When skunks are in danger what do they give off? | [
"foul smell",
"sweet odor",
"warning howls",
"ejected quills"
] | A | null | |
sciq | sciq_4501 | What are electrons in the outer energy level of an atom called? | [
"outer electrons",
"shell electrons",
"positive electrons",
"valence electrons"
] | The electrons in the outer energy level of an atom are called valence electrons . It is valence electrons that are potentially involved in chemical reactions. The number of valence electrons determines an element’s reactivity, or how likely the element is to react with other elements. The number of valence electrons al... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_3048 | Varves form in lakes covered by what? | [
"ice",
"bridges",
"soot",
"coral reef"
] | Varves form in lakes covered by ice. Varves are useful to scientists for understanding climate. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_4193 | What can increase the occurance of earthquakes? | [
"plates breaking",
"three plates sliding",
"two plates sliding",
"plates rupturing"
] | C | null | |
sciq | sciq_4223 | Metamorphic rocks form when an existing rock is changed by heat or what? | [
"pressure",
"radiation",
"chemical reaction",
"cold"
] | Metamorphic rocks form when an existing rock is changed by heat or pressure. The minerals in the rock change but do not melt. The rock experiences these changes within the Earth. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_1813 | Because they control many cell activities - as well as being controlled by feedback mechanisms - what substances are very important for homeostasis? | [
"hormones",
"acids",
"proteins",
"enzymes"
] | Hormones control many cell activities, so they are very important for homeostasis. But what controls the hormones themselves? Most hormones are regulated by feedback mechanisms. A feedback mechanism is a loop in which a product feeds back to control its own production. Most hormone feedback mechanisms involve negative ... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_11329 | What bond is the force of attraction that holds together oppositely charged ions? | [
"ionic",
"harmonic",
"iconic",
"magnetic"
] | An ionic bond is the force of attraction that holds together oppositely charged ions. It forms when atoms of a metal transfer electrons to atoms of a nonmetal. When this happens, the atoms become oppositely charged ions. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_2841 | What do you call an object that attracts certain materials such as iron? | [
"electron",
"antenna",
"magnet",
"neutron"
] | A magnet is an object that attracts certain materials such as iron. All magnets have two magnetic poles and a magnetic field over which they exert force. Opposite magnetic poles attract each other, and like magnetic poles repel each other. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_10476 | A group of genetically identical individuals is called what? | [
"replicant",
"a man",
"a clone",
"brother"
] | C | null | |
sciq | sciq_9878 | What destroys the filtered pathogens? | [
"lymphocytes",
"parasites",
"neutrophils",
"antibodies"
] | Lymphatic vessels make up a body-wide circulatory system. The fluid they circulate is lymph. Lymph is a fluid that leaks out of capillaries into spaces between cells. As the lymph accumulates between cells, it diffuses into tiny lymphatic vessels. The lymph then moves through the lymphatic system from smaller to larger... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_6343 | What term describes a type of redox reaction in which the same substance is both oxidized and reduced? | [
"misappropriation",
"disproportion",
"interposition",
"disapprobation"
] | Disproportion is a type of redox reaction in which the same substance is both oxidized and reduced. Identify the element that is disproportionating and indicate the initial and final oxidation numbers of that element. 2CuCl(aq) → CuCl2(aq) + Cu(s) Saylor URL: http://www. saylor. org/books. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_2181 | What is the name of the wind belt nearest the equator? | [
"trade winds",
"tropical gusts",
"cyclones",
"doldrums"
] | The wind belts have names. The Trade Winds are nearest the Equator. The next belt is the westerlies. Finally are the polar easterlies. The names are the same in both hemispheres. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_2012 | What weather term describes what the temperature feels like when the wind is taken into account? | [
"windchill",
"windshield",
"freezing point",
"humidity"
] | Blizzards are dangerous storms. The wind may blow the snow into deep drifts. Along with the poor visibility, the snow drifts make driving risky. The wind also makes cold temperatures more dangerous. The greater the wind speed, the higher the windchill. Windchill is what the temperature feels like when the wind is taken... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_10449 | What type of earthquake creates a tsunami? | [
"underwater",
"volcanic",
"Tectonic",
"collapse"
] | An underwater earthquake creates a tsunami this way: the movement of the crust displaces water. The displacement forms a set of waves. The waves travel at jet speed through the ocean. Since the waves have low amplitudes and long wavelengths, they are unnoticed in deep water. As the waves reach shore they compress. They... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_1854 | A ramp is an example of what? | [
"change plane",
"move plane",
"level plane",
"inclined plane"
] | A ramp like the one in the Figure below is another example of an inclined plane. Inclined planes make it easier to move objects to a higher elevation. The sloping surface of the inclined plane supports part of the weight of the object as it moves up the slope. As a result, it takes less force to move the object uphill.... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_5625 | Because fungi feed on decaying and dead matter, they play what important role by releasing essential elements into the environment? | [
"consumers",
"producers",
"carnivores",
"decomposers"
] | CHAPTER SUMMARY 24.1 Characteristics of Fungi Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that appeared on land more than 450 million years ago. They are heterotrophs and contain neither photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophyll, nor organelles such as chloroplasts. Because fungi feed on decaying and dead matter, they are saprobe... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_8104 | What external feature in human beings is responsible for balance? | [
"tails",
"hands",
"brain",
"ears"
] | The ears are also responsible for the sense of balance. Balance is the ability to sense and maintain body position. The semicircular canals inside the ear (see Figure above ) contain fluid that moves when the head changes position. Tiny hairs lining the semicircular canals sense movement of the fluid. In response, they... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_4178 | At what point is water on the ph scale? | [
"neutrality, 7",
"3, acidic",
"14, basic",
"0, very acidic"
] | The light from a laser is monochromatic, coherent, and very intense. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_2124 | A symporter carries how many different molecules or ions in the same direction? | [
"three",
"two",
"four",
"one"
] | Figure 5.17 A uniporter carries one molecule or ion. A symporter carries two different molecules or ions, both in the same direction. An antiporter also carries two different molecules or ions, but in different directions. (credit: modification of work by “Lupask”/Wikimedia Commons). | B | null |
sciq | sciq_7174 | What property is defined as the magnitude or size of displacement between two positions? | [
"gravity",
"passing",
"Distance",
"distance"
] | Distance Although displacement is described in terms of direction, distance is not. Distance is defined to be the magnitude or size of displacement between two positions. Note that the distance between two positions is not the same as the distance traveled between them. Distance traveled is the total length of the path... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_8009 | The job of the nucleolus is to build what? | [
"chromosomes",
"electrons",
"cells",
"ribosomes"
] | The nucleus of many cells also contains a central region called the nucleolus . The job of the nucleolus is to build ribosomes. These ribosomes flow out the nuclear pores into the cytoplasm. Ribosomes are organelles that make proteins in the cytoplasm. See the composition of the nucleus pictured below ( Figure below ). | D | null |
sciq | sciq_3724 | What is the process in which a solid changes directly to a gas without going through the liquid state called? | [
"Diffusion",
"amplification",
"vaporization",
"sublimation"
] | Sublimation is the process in which a solid changes directly to a gas without going through the liquid state. Solid carbon dioxide is an example of a substance that undergoes sublimation. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_937 | In a single-celled organism such as chlamydomonas, there is no what after fertilization? | [
"germination",
"meiosis",
"spawning",
"mitosis"
] | Reproduction of Green Algae Green algae reproduce both asexually, by fragmentation or dispersal of spores, or sexually, by producing gametes that fuse during fertilization. In a single-celled organism such as Chlamydomonas, there is no mitosis after fertilization. In the multicellular Ulva, a sporophyte grows by mitosi... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_8930 | What is defined as a loss of hydrogen atoms? | [
"evaporation",
"conduction",
"oxidation",
"Reduction"
] | Oxidation is also defined as a loss of hydrogen atoms. In the following equation, ethanol is oxidized to acetaldehyde by the loss of two hydrogen atoms:. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_3309 | Living organisms release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere by what method? | [
"genomic respiration",
"cellular respiration",
"major respiration",
"widespread respiration"
] | Cellular respiration by living things releases carbon into the atmosphere or ocean as carbon dioxide. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_9500 | Valence electrons also determine how well—if at all—the atoms of an element conduct what? | [
"electricity",
"light",
"pollution",
"water"
] | Valence electrons also determine how well—if at all—the atoms of an element conduct electricity. The copper wires in the cable in the Figure below are coated with plastic. Copper is an excellent conductor of electricity, so it is used for wires that carry electric current. Plastic contains mainly carbon, which cannot c... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_9333 | Generators usually transform kinetic energy into what kind of energy? | [
"potential energy",
"electrical energy",
"subsequent energy",
"nuclear energy"
] | Generators may produce either alternating or direct current, but they all change kinetic energy to electrical energy. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_8637 | Speciation, convergent evolution, and coevolution are types of what process? | [
"devolution",
"microevolution",
"macroevolution",
"systemic evolution"
] | Macroevolution occurs when microevolution takes place over a long period of time. Types of macroevolution include speciation, convergent evolution, and coevolution. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_11528 | What are the three primary pigment colors? | [
"red, white, blue",
"red, green, blue",
"cyan, yellow, magenta",
"green, orange, purple"
] | Pigments are substances that color materials by reflecting light of certain wavelengths and absorbing light of other wavelengths. The primary pigment colors are cyan, yellow, and magenta. They can be combined to produce all other colors. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_5117 | Monosaccharides, particularly glucose, are major nutrients for what? | [
"photosynthesis",
"cells",
"proteins",
"lipids"
] | B | null | |
sciq | sciq_7473 | What natural disaster is california most linked with? | [
"volcanoes",
"earthquakes",
"hurricanes",
"fires"
] | Although California is prone to many natural hazards, including volcanic eruptions at Mt. Shasta or Mt. Lassen, and landslides on coastal cliffs, the natural hazard the state is linked with is earthquakes. In this video, the boundaries between three different tectonic plates and the earthquakes that result from their i... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_4497 | What holds ionic and covalent compounds together? | [
"magnetic force",
"gravity",
"electrostatic attractions",
"water"
] | Ionic and covalent compounds are held together by electrostatic attractions between oppositely charged particles. Describe the differences in the nature of the attractions in ionic and covalent compounds. Which class of compounds contains pairs of electrons shared between bonded atoms?. | C | null |
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