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"Nitrogen rule The nitrogen rule states that organic compounds containing exclusively hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, and the halogens either have 1) an \"odd nominal mass\" that indicates an \"odd number\" of nitrogen atoms are present or 2) an \"even nominal mass\" that indicates an \"even number\" of nitrogen atoms in the molecular formula of the molecular ion. The nitrogen rule is not a rule, \"per se\", as much as a general principle which may prove useful when attempting to solve organic mass spectrometry structures. This rule is derived from the fact that, perhaps coincidentally, for the most common chemical elements in neutral organic compounds (hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, and the halogens), elements with even numbered nominal masses form even numbers of covalent bonds, while elements with odd numbered nominal masses form odd numbers of covalent bonds, with the exception of nitrogen, which has a nominal (or integer) mass of 14, but has a valency of 3. The nitrogen rule is only true for neutral structures in which all of the atoms in the molecule have a number of covalent bonds equal to their standard valency (counting each sigma bond and pi bond as a separate covalent bond for the purposes of the calculation). Therefore, the rule is typically only applied to the molecular ion signal in the mass spectrum. Mass spectrometry generally operates by measuring the mass of ions. If the measured ion is generated by creating or breaking a single covalent bond (such as protonating an amine to form an ammonium center or removing a hydride from a molecule to leave a positively charged ion) then the nitrogen rule becomes reversed (odd numbered masses indicate even numbers of nitrogens and vice versa). However, for each consecutive covalent bond that is broken or formed, the nitrogen rule again reverses. Therefore, a more rigorous definition of the nitrogen rule for organic compounds containing exclusively hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, and the halogens would be as follows: An even nominal mass indicates that a net even number of covalent bonds have been broken or formed and an even number of nitrogen atoms are present, or that a net odd number of covalent bonds have been broken or formed and an odd number of nitrogen atoms are present. An odd nominal mass indicates that a net even number of covalent bonds have been broken or formed and an odd number of nitrogen atoms are present, or that a net odd number of covalent bonds have been broken or formed and an even number of nitrogen atoms are present. Inorganic molecules do not necessarily follow the rule. For example, the nitrogen oxides NO and NO have an odd number of nitrogens but even masses of 30 and 46, respectively. Nitrogen rule The nitrogen rule states that organic compounds containing exclusively hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, and the halogens either have 1) an \"odd nominal mass\" that indicates an \"odd number\" of nitrogen atoms are"
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"Honoratus of Amiens Saint Honoratus of Amiens (Honoré, sometimes Honorius) (d. 16 May ca. 600) was the seventh bishop of Amiens. His feast day is 16 May. He was born in Port-le-Grand (Ponthieu) near Amiens to a noble family. He was said to be virtuous from birth. He was taught by his predecessor in the bishopric of Amiens, Saint Beatus (Beat). He resisted being elected bishop of Amiens, believing himself unworthy of this honor. According to hagiographic tradition, a ray of light of divine origin descended upon his head upon his election as bishop. There also appeared holy oil of unknown origin on his forehead. According to a legend, when it was known in his hometown that he had been proclaimed bishop, his nursemaid, who was baking bread for the family, refused to believe that Honoratus had been elevated to such a position. She remarked that she would believe the news only if the peel she had been using to bake bread put down roots and turned itself into a tree. When the peel was placed into the ground, it was transformed into a mulberry tree that gave flowers and fruit. This miraculous tree was still being shown in the sixteenth century. During his bishopric, he discovered the relics of Victoricus, Fuscian, and Gentian, which had remained hidden for 300 years. His devotion was widespread in France following reports of numerous miracles when his body was exhumed in 1060. After his death, his relics were invoked against drought. Bishop Guy, son of the Count of Amiens, ordered that a procession be held, in which an urn holding Honoratus' relics were carried around the walls of the city. Rain is said to have fallen soon after. In 1240, during construction of the cathedral of Amiens, the relics of Honoratus were carried through the surrounding countryside in a quest for funds. In 1202, a baker named Renold Theriens (Renaud Cherins) donated to the city of Paris some land to build a chapel in honor of the saint. The chapel became one of the richest in Paris, and gave its name to Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré. In 1400, the bakers of Paris established their guild in the church of Saint Honoratus, celebrating his feast on 16 May and spreading his cult. He is also the patron of a Carthusian establishment at Abbeville, which was founded in 1306. In 1659, Louis XIV ordered that every baker observe the feast of Saint Honoratus, and give donations in honor of the saint and for the benefit of the community. He is the namesake of the St. Honoré Cake. A statue of Honoratus stands in the portal of Amiens Cathedral. Sometimes 653 is given as his date of death due to confusion with Saint Honorius, Archbishop of Canterbury. Honoratus of Amiens Saint Honoratus of Amiens (Honoré, sometimes Honorius) (d. 16 May ca. 600) was the seventh bishop of Amiens. His feast day is 16 May. He was born in Port-le-Grand (Ponthieu) near Amiens to a noble family."
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"Tadeusz Jaworski Tadeusz Jaworski (born 26 September 1945) is a retired Polish sprinter who specialized in the 100 and 200 metres. He was born in Poznań and represented the club Energetyka Poznań. At the inaugural 1964 European Junior Championships he won the silver medal in the 200 metres, as well as a gold medal in the 4 x 100 metres relay and a silver medal in the medley relay where he ran the opening leg. At the 1967 European Indoor Games he won a silver medal in the 4 x 300 metres relay, which he ran together with Edward Romanowski, Jan Balachowski and Edmund Borowski. He also competed in the 50 metres without reaching the final. Tadeusz Jaworski Tadeusz Jaworski (born 26 September 1945) is a retired Polish sprinter who specialized in the 100 and 200 metres. He was born in Poznań and represented the club Energetyka Poznań. At the inaugural 1964 European Junior Championships he won the silver medal in the 200 metres, as well as a gold medal in the 4 x 100 metres relay and a silver medal in the medley relay where he ran the opening leg. At the 1967 European Indoor Games he won a"
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"2015 Canadian Figure Skating Championships The 2015 Canadian Tire National Skating Championships were held January 19–25, 2015 in Kingston, Ontario. Organized by Skate Canada and sponsored by Canadian Tire, the event determined the national champions of Canada. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dancing on the senior, junior, and novice levels. Although the official International Skating Union terminology for female skaters in the singles category is \"ladies\", Skate Canada uses \"women\" officially. The results of this competition were among the selection criteria for the 2015 Four Continents Championships, the 2015 World Junior Championships, and the 2015 World Championships. Kingston, Ontario was named as the host in May 2014. Competitors qualified at the Skate Canada Challenge, held in December 2014, or earned a bye. Nguyen won his first senior national title. Daleman won her first senior national title. Duhamel/Radford won their fourth national title. Weaver/Poje won their first national title. The team for the 2015 Four Continents Championships was announced on January 25, 2015 as follows: The team for the 2015 World Junior Championships was announced on January 25, 2015 as follows: The team for the 2015 World Championships was announced on January 25, 2015 as follows: 2015 Canadian Figure Skating Championships The 2015 Canadian Tire National Skating Championships were held January 19–25, 2015 in Kingston, Ontario. Organized by Skate Canada and sponsored by Canadian Tire, the event determined the national champions of Canada. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dancing on the senior, junior, and novice levels. Although the official International Skating Union terminology for female skaters in the singles category is \"ladies\", Skate Canada uses \"women\" officially. The results of this competition were among the selection criteria for the 2015 Four"
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"Minister for Climate Change (New Zealand) The Minister for Climate Change is a minister in the government of New Zealand with responsibility for climate change policy. The position was formally established in 2005 as Minister responsible for Climate Change Issues, but was preceded by the informal role of Convenor of the Ministerial Group on Climate Change, which was held by the Minister of Energy Pete Hodgson. The present Minister is James Shaw. Separate ministerial responsibility for International Climate Change Negotiations was established under the Fifth National Government, first through an Associate Minister role and then as a full Minister. The responsibilities associated with this portfolio were incorporated within the Climate Change Issues portfolio in 2012, after a brief period in which Tim Groser held both portfolios. Minister for Climate Change (New Zealand) The Minister for Climate Change is a minister in the government of New Zealand with responsibility for climate change policy. The position was formally established in 2005 as Minister responsible for Climate Change Issues, but was preceded by the informal role of Convenor of the Ministerial Group on Climate Change, which was held by the Minister of Energy Pete Hodgson. The present Minister is James Shaw. Separate ministerial"
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"Mykolas Burokevičius Mykolas Burokevičius (October 7, 1927 – January 20, 2016) was a communist political leader in Lithuania. After the Communist Party of Lithuania separated from the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), he established alternative pro-CPSU Communist Party of Lithuania in early 1990, and led it as the First Secretary of Central Committee until its ban in 1991. He was the only Lithuanian to serve in the Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee, and did so from 1990 until its ban in 1991. He was born in Alytus, Lithuania in 1927. In 1942, a young Burokevičius was employed as a carpenter and a machinist at a plant in Udmurtia. In 1944 he became a member of the Lithuanian Communist Party where he worked as a chief of department and instructor. He graduated from the Vilnius Pedagogical Institute (now the Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences) in 1955 and the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences in 1963. In 1963 he became a research fellow at the Institute of the History of the Party of the Central Committee of the Lithuanian Communist Party. He died in Vilnius, Lithuania in 2016, aged 88. After the Communist Party of Lithuania voted to separate from the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in December 1989, he became the Secretary General of the Moscow-backed communist party and on March 4, 1990 he gained the title of the First Secretary. His party's political programme stated that one of its goals was to maintain Lithuania as part of the USSR. Seven members of Burokevičius' party were elected during the Supreme Council of Lithuania elections on 24 February 1990. The Supreme Council declared reinstantment of Lithuania's independence during its first session in March. On 11 January 1991 the pro-CPSU CPL sent an ultimatum to the Government of Lithuania, ordering it to comply with USSR President Mikhail Gorbachev's public requirement that the Supreme Council would immediately reinstate the legal force of the USSR and Lithuanian SSR Constitutions. The requirement was voiced one day earlier. The party added that failing that it might create the \"Lithuanian National Rescue Committee\" (), \"which would take care of the matters of the future of the LSSR\" - and eventually did so. During its lifetime, the party established several organizations meant to be alternative ministries. The Soviet Army assault on the Vilnius TV tower and station on January 13, 1991 followed, during which 14 people were killed. During the period of 11 to 19 January 1991, the pro-CPSU party also made five more public declarations urging the forceful overthrow of the Government and other authorities of independent Lithuania. Burokevičius took part preparing those declarations. Burokevičius was indicted by Lithuanian prosecutors as a suspect in a criminal with regard to the January Events case on 22 August 1991. He was eventually arrested on January 15, 1994 in Belarus (on Lithuanian orders). Burokevičius and five other members of the Lithuanian Communist Party were tried for their involvement in the January Events from October 1996 to August 1999. In August 1999, he was sentenced in Vilnius to 12 years' imprisonment for organizing murders and grievous bodily harm and also for establishing organizations which intended to overthrow the state. In early 2000, President Valdas Adamkus proposed the chief of colony to prepare documents that granted Burokevičius eligibility for pardon. Burokevičius refused this request, pleading innocent and stating that he was not guilty in his actions. He finished the sentence and was released on January 13, 2006. On January 5, 2006, the European Court of Human Rights declared admissible Burokevičius' case against Lithuania on three counts of possible Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms violations and joined it with two other cases against Lithuania for its January Events lawsuits (Juozas Kuolelis and Leonas Bartoševičius). Burokevičius also sought compensation. Specifically, the court examined whether Lithuania violated these articles of the convention: In 2008, the Court delivered judgment deciding that no violations took place. Mykolas Burokevičius Mykolas Burokevičius (October 7, 1927 – January 20, 2016) was a communist political leader in Lithuania. After the Communist Party of Lithuania separated from the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), he established alternative pro-CPSU Communist Party of Lithuania in early"
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"Jeongeup Jeongeup (), also known as Jeongeup-si, is a city in North Jeolla Province, South Korea. The city limits include Naejang-san National Park, a popular destination particularly in autumn due to its foliage. Jeongeup is on the Honam Expressway and Honam Line, with the Seohaean Expressway also within easy reach, providing links to Seoul and Mokpo. Jeongeup's population is in decline, with an average of 56 people moving to the city every day but 91 leaving, with the birth and death rates being equal. The divorce rate currently runs at 50%. The main hills in Jeongeup are Naejang-san National Park and Ibamsan, though there are also several smaller hills in the city. It is the east of the city which is more mountainous, the west being a plain around the Dongjin River. There are several streams in Jeongeup, most notably the Jeongeupcheon, a tributary of the Dongjin. This over went a makeover by the city council in December 2009. Jeongeup, like many cities in Korea, had a \"hyanggyo\", or Confucian school, where people were trained in Confucian ways. This building is a tourist attraction today, but is not open to the public. Jeongeup is known for a traditional song from the Baekje Kingdom era, known as Jeongeup-ga. The song tells the tale of the lamenting heart of a woman waiting for her peddler husband’s return. Naejangsa Temple: first erected in 636, but most of its current buildings were built after the Japanese invasions of Korea in 1597 and the Korean War. On 31 October 2012, the temple was destroyed in a fire that broke out. A maple festival around Naejang-san is held annually. The maple leaves here are widely regarded as some of the most beautiful in the country. The festival was abolished in 2002 but was revived in 2007. This festival includes several events regarding the chrysanthemum love. Additionally, a century ago, Jeongeup was the site of a revolution by the religious movement of Cheondoism. A lot of peasants joined the movement against the Japanese invaders. For this, Jeongeup holds an annual ceremony to commemorate the event. Jeongeup is twinned with: Jeongeup has a cooler version of a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification \"Cfa\"). Jeongeup Jeongeup (), also known as Jeongeup-si, is a city in North Jeolla Province, South Korea. The city limits include Naejang-san National Park, a popular destination particularly in autumn due to its foliage. Jeongeup"
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"Antoine Nompar de Caumont Antoine Nompar de Caumont, duc de Lauzun (1632November 19, 1723) was a French courtier and soldier. He was the only love interest of the \"greatest heiress in Europe\", Anne Marie Louise d'Orléans, Duchess of Montpensier, cousin of Louis XIV. He is often noted for his command of a French expeditionary Brigade which served alongside the Jacobite Irish Army during the Williamite War. After defeat at the Battle of the Boyne in July 1690 his brigade retreated to Galway where it was evacuated to France. Nonetheless he remained an influential figure at the Jacobite court in exile, particularly with Mary of Modena. He was the son of Gabriel de Caumont, Count of Lauzun, and his wife Charlotte, daughter of Henri Nompar de Caumont, Duke of La Force. He was brought up with the children of his relative, the \"maréchal-duc de Gramont\". One daughter, Catherine Charlotte, afterwards princess of Monaco by marriage to Prince Louis I of Monaco, was the object of the one passion of Lauzun's life. He entered the army, and served under Turenne, also his kinsman, and in 1655 succeeded his father as commander of the \"cent gentilshommes de la maison de roi\". Then known as the comte de Puyguilhem (or Péguilin, as contemporaries simplified his name), he rose rapidly in Louis XIV's favour, became colonel of the royal regiment of dragoons, and was gazetted \"maréchal de camp\". He and Madame de Monaco belonged to the \"côterie\" of the young Duchess of Orléans. His rough wit and skill in practical jokes pleased Louis XIV, but his jealousy and violence were the causes of his undoing. He prevented a meeting between Louis XIV and Madame de Monaco, and it was jealousy in this matter, rather than hostility to Louise de La Vallière, which led him to promote Madame de Montespan's intrigues with the king. He asked this lady to secure for him the post of grand-master of the artillery, and on Louis's refusal to give him the appointment he turned his back on the king, broke his sword, and swore that never again would he serve a monarch who had broken his word. The result was a short sojourn in the Bastille, but he soon returned to his function as court buffoon. Meanwhile, Anne, Duchess of Montpensier (\"La Grande Mademoiselle\") had fallen in love with the little man, whose ugliness seems to have exercised a certain fascination over many women. He naturally encouraged one of the greatest heiresses in Europe, and the wedding was fixed for December 21, 1670. Then, on the 18th, Louis sent for his cousin and forbade the marriage. Madame de Montespan had never forgiven Lauzun's fury when she failed to procure the grand-mastership of the artillery, and now, with Louvois, secured his arrest. He was removed in November 1671 from the Bastille to Pignerol, where excessive precautions were taken to ensure that he was firmly held. He was eventually allowed to meet another prisoner, Fouquet, but before that time he managed to find a way through the chimney into Fouquet's room, and on another occasion succeeded in reaching the courtyard in safety. Another fellow-prisoner, from communication with whom he was supposed to be rigorously excluded, was Eustache Dauger (see Man in the Iron Mask), who occasionally served as valet to Fouquet. In his reports to his superiors in Paris, the prison governor, Bénigne Dauvergne de Saint-Mars, tells how Lauzun displayed evidence of deranged behaviour at this time: his cell was in constant disarray and he grew his beard to the point that it gave him a wild appearance. An attempted escape was foiled when, on emerging from his tunnel, he came across a maid who raised the alarm. It was now intimated to Mademoiselle that Lauzun's restoration to liberty depended on her immediate settlement of the principality of Dombes, the county of Eu and the duchy of Aumale – three properties assigned by her to Lauzun – on Louis Auguste de Bourbon, Duke of Maine, eldest legitimised son of Louis XIV and Madame de Montespan. She gave way, but Lauzun, even after ten years of imprisonment, refused to sign the documents, when he was brought to Bourbon for the purpose. A short term of imprisonment at Chalon-sur-Saône made him change his mind, but when he was set free Louis XIV was still set against the marriage, which is supposed to have taken place secretly. Married or not, Lauzun was openly courting Nicolas Fouquet's daughter, whom he had seen at Pignerol. He was to be restored to his place at court, and to marry Mademoiselle Fouquet, who, however, became Duchess d'Uzès in 1683. In 1685 Lauzun went to England to seek his fortune under James II, whom he had served as Duke of York in Flanders. He rapidly gained great influence at the English court. In 1688 he was again in England, and arranged the journey into exile of Mary of Modena and the infant prince, whom he accompanied to Calais, where he received strict instructions from Louis to bring them \"on any pretext\" to Vincennes. In the late autumn of 1689 he was put in command of the expedition fitted out at Brest for service in Ireland, and he sailed in the following year. Lauzun was honest, a quality not too common in James II's officials in Ireland, but had no experience of the field, and he blindly followed Richard Talbot, Earl of Tyrconnel. After the battle of the Boyne they fled to Limerick, and thence to the west, leaving Patrick Sarsfield to show a brave front. In September they sailed for France, and on their arrival at Versailles Lauzun found that his failure had destroyed any prospect of a return of Louis XIV's favour. Mademoiselle died in 1693, and two years later Lauzun married Genevieve de Durfort, a child of fourteen, daughter of the maréchal-duc de Lorges. Queen Mary, through whose interest Lauzun secured his dukedom, retained her faith in him, and it was he who in 1715, more than a quarter of a century after the flight from Whitehall, brought her the news of the Battle of Sheriffmuir. After his death, the dukedom of Lauzun fell to his niece's husband, Charles Armand de Gontaut. See the letters of Madame de Sévigné and the memoirs of Saint-Simon, who was Lauzun's wife's brother-in-law. Antoine Nompar de Caumont Antoine Nompar de Caumont, duc de Lauzun (1632November 19, 1723) was a French courtier and soldier. He was the only love interest of the \"greatest heiress in Europe\", Anne Marie Louise d'Orléans, Duchess of Montpensier, cousin of Louis XIV. He is often noted for his"
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"Pyrgophorus spinosus Pyrgophorus spinosus, common name the spiny crownsnail, is a species of very small freshwater snail with a gill and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Hydrobiidae. \"Pyrgophorus spinosus\" was described by Richard Ellsworth Call and by Henry Augustus Pilsbry in 1886 as \"Pyrgulopsis spinosus\" but until César Marie Félix Ancey established the new genus \"Pyrgophorus\" in 1888, it was not clear what genus this species belonged to. The shell is minute, imperforate, turreted and unicarinate. The carina is modified into spinous processes on last three whorls. The carina is darker colored than balance of shell. The shell has 5-5½ whorls. The first two whorls are rounded, destitute of spines or carina. The last three whorls are somewhat geniculate, angled at location of carina. The body whorl is large, sometimes with an occasional spine below the carina. The epidermis is light horn in color, nearly white at apex, with microscopic longitudinal revolving striae and shining. The aperture is roundly ovate, slightly longer than broad and rounded anteriorly. The peristome is not continuous. The peristome is sharp, simple, slightly reflected near the columella, suggesting a faint umbilicus. The suture is slightly impressed. The width of the shell is 1.52-2.34 mm. The height of the shell is 3.00-3.86 mm. The operculum is spiral and reddish horn in color. The type locality is Comal Creek, a clear stream at New Braunfels, Texas, on rocky bottoms. In 1886, \"Pyrgophorus spinosus\" inhabited its type locality along with numerous specimens of \"Goniobasis pleuristriata\" Say, \"Amnicola\" (species undetermined), and \"Bythinella\" (species undetermined). This article incorporates public domain text from reference. Pyrgophorus spinosus Pyrgophorus spinosus, common name the spiny crownsnail, is a species of very small freshwater snail with a gill and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Hydrobiidae. \"Pyrgophorus spinosus\""
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"Cléber Chalá Cléber Manuel Chalá Herrón (born June 29, 1971 in Imbabura) is a retired Ecuadorian football midfielder who played 86 games for the Ecuador national team between 1992 and 2004. At club level he has played mostly for Nacional Quito where he has made over 450 appearances and participated in 4 Ecuadorian league championship winning campaigns (1992, 1996, 2005A & 2006). He has also played club football for Deportivo Quito and Universidad San Martín de Porres in Peru. He also had a spell in England with Southampton but never played in the first team. He was signed along with fellow countryman Agustín Delgado, but neither made an impact in English football. Chalá played for Ecuador at the 2002 FIFA World Cup and in the 1993 Copa América, 1997 Copa América and 2001 Copa América He was father-in-law to fellow Ecuadorian footballer Christian Benítez, who married Chalá's daughter Lizeth in 2007. Cléber Chalá Cléber Manuel Chalá Herrón (born June 29, 1971 in Imbabura) is a retired Ecuadorian football midfielder who played 86 games for the Ecuador national team between 1992 and 2004. At club level he has played mostly for Nacional Quito where he has made over 450 appearances and"
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"Best of The Rasmus 2001–2009 Best of The Rasmus 2001–2009, also referred to as Best of.. 2001-2009 is a compilation album by the Finnish alternative rock band The Rasmus, it was released on November 2, 2009. The album contains the best songs between 2001 and 2009. While most of the songs were already released, it features a new unreleased song called \"October & April\" which features vocals by Anette Olzon from Nightwish. This song was recorded during the same time as the other songs from the band's latest studio album \"Black Roses\", but wasn't included as it didn't follow the album concept. \"Open My Eyes\", appearing in acoustic live version on this album, is a b-side of the single \"Shot\" and originally taken from the UK edition of the album \"Hide from the Sun\" (2005). Singer Lauri Ylönen about the album: Best of The Rasmus 2001–2009 Best of The Rasmus 2001–2009, also referred to as Best of.. 2001-2009 is a compilation album by the Finnish alternative rock band The Rasmus, it was released on November 2, 2009. The album contains the best songs between 2001 and 2009. While most of the songs were already released, it features a new unreleased"
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"2017–18 Santiago South Cup The 2017-18 Santiago South Cup season is the current competition of the regional football cup in the southern part of the island of Santiago, Cape Verde. The season started on 29 November, four later than the previous edition. The cup competition is organized by the Santiago South Regional Football Association (Associação Regional de Futebol de Santiago Sul, ARFSS). All the matches are being played at Estádio da Várzea. The season is the second that featured a total of 22 clubs and features five rounds. Only one club is absent and is GD Varanda who withdrew in October 2017 and reduced its participants to 21. The first two matches took place on November 29, the next two on December 6 and the last two on December 13. Teams from the Premier (I) and the Second (II) Divisions entered at this stage. The first two matches took place on December 20. the next match took place on January 3, the next one took place on January 17. One match which was to be on January 3 was originally to feature Vitória and Varanda, as Varanda withdrew, Vitória directly advanced into the quarterfinals in late October 2017, before, they were to face Varanda, as that club withdrew, that match was canceled. Two matches were originally to take place on January 10 and the second last featuring Benfica and Sporting were originally on January 17, they played on February 6. The fourth match was played on January 17. The fifth match was played on January 30. And the last match were played on February 13. The first two matches were originally to take place on January 24 and the last two would have taken place on January 31. The first two matches were played on February 7. The first semifinal match featured Celtic and Travadores on March 13 and the last one will feature Ribeira Grande and Sporting to be played on March 20. All of the clubs of the Premier Division. The finals took place on March 31. The clubs were Travadores, their next finals appearance in five years and Sporting in their another appearance. Sporting, one of the most possessor of regional cup titles won their second straight title will qualify into the regional super cup which will take place at the end of the season. 2017–18 Santiago South Cup The 2017-18 Santiago South Cup season is the"
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"Douglas, South Lanarkshire Douglas () is a village in South Lanarkshire, Scotland. It is located on the south bank of the Douglas Water and on the A70 road that links Ayr, on the West coast of Scotland, to Edinburgh on the East, around 12 miles south west of Lanark. The placename is of Gaelic origin, derived from the Old Gaelic \"dub\" and \"glais\", meaning \"dark stream\", in reference to the Douglas Water. The Douglas family took this name when their ancestors settled here in the 12th century. John Barnes was a key figure in the Douglas community he brings character and commitment to bring the lovely flower garden to the village. The village grew to service the nearby Douglas Castle, the seat of the Lords of Douglas. The first recorded mention of the Parish of Douglas is in a charter of Bricius de Douglas, Bishop of Moray dated between 1203-1222 to the monks of Kelso Abbey which is witnessed by Freskin Parson of Douglas, brother to the bishop. The castle was well established by the time of William the Hardy when he was called upon to imprison Hugh de Abernethy there in 1288 and where Abernethy died at some point before 1293. The castle was occupied for some time by English forces during the Scottish Wars of Independence. However the castle was liberated by Sir James Douglas when in 1307 he and some followers trapped the English garrison inside the Castle chapel whilst they were worshiping and burnt it to the ground, causing some damage to the castle. The only remains of the castle are those of a 17th-century corner tower, still known as \"Castle Dangerous\", after the Walter Scott novel which took Douglas Castle as its inspiration. In the 1930s Charles Douglas-Home, 13th Earl of Home allowed the mining of coal in the park near to the castle, in a philanthropic effort to alleviate local unemployment. The Lanarkshire coal industry, once the mainstay of Scotland's production, had seen its output almost halved by 1937, with catastrophic consequences for local communities. As a consequence of the mining works the castle was considered to be at risk of subsidence and had to be demolished in 1938. The oldest structure within the village itself is the ruin of St. Bride's Church, which like the castle originated in the 14th century. This church became the mausoleum of the Lords of Douglas. The church clock, which is still in working order today, and installed sometime in the 16th century, is rumoured to have been given as a gift to the village by Mary, Queen of Scots, after spending time in the area. The parish church was moved to its present site, near to the old chapel, where the Douglas St Bride's Parish Church still stands. Its congregation now worships at the newer St Bride's Church built some distance away. Within the village stands a monument to the Covenanter James Gavin, a local tailor, who had his ears cut off with his own tailoring scissors for refusing to renounce his presbyterian principles. After suffering this humiliation he was transported to a life of slavery in the West Indies. The ruins of the house he built after his eventual return from banishment stood until 1968 with its engraved lintel still in place above the front door featuring a carving of a pair of tailor's scissors. The lintel has been incorporated within the monument erected in what was the rear garden of the house. Also within the village is a statue of James Douglas, Earl of Angus, commemorating the Cameronians regiment which he raised in 1689. Nearby, another memorial commemorates its disbanding, over two and a half centuries later, in 1968. The village was shaped later by the Industrial Revolution, which brought woolen mills and coal mining (in common with other villages in this part of Scotland). There is a heritage museum in Douglas that charts the history of the area. The village was one of several locations near which a large camp of the Polish Army was set up in 1940. Units of the 10th Polish Cavalry, including the Podhalanski (Highland) Battalion, 10th Mounted Rifles Regiment, the 24th Lancers as well as brigade support and service units were stationed here for a brief period in a temporary tented camp before moving north to Fife and Angus where they were deployed to defend the east coast of Scotland against invasion. Three Polish monuments created by the 10th Cavalry Brigade in the vicinity of the village have been put together in a Memorial Garden. Douglas, South Lanarkshire Douglas () is a village in South Lanarkshire, Scotland. It is located on the south bank of the Douglas Water and on the A70 road that links Ayr, on the West coast of Scotland, to Edinburgh on the East, around 12"
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"Rex Cherryman Rexford Raymond \"Rex\" Cherryman (October 30, 1896 – August 10, 1928) was an American actor of the stage and screen whose career was most prolific during the 1920s. Born in Grand Rapids, Michigan, Rex Cherryman attended Colgate University, (Hamilton, New York) in 1915-1916. He transferred to the University of Michigan (Ann Arbor) in 1916. There he met fellow student Esther Louise Lamb. Esther and Rex were married February 9, 1918. They had one son, Rexford Raymond Cherryman, Jr., born October 10, 1925. Rexford, Jr. married Beatrice Wishard in 1950. They had two daughters: Ann Elizabeth Cherryman (born 1951) and Constance Lamb Cherryman (born 1954). Cherryman began his film career appearing in the 1919 comedic film \"In For Thirty Days\" as Count Dronsky, opposite popular leading lady of the silent film era, May Allison. The following year, Cherryman was chosen by the notable screen diva Alla Nazimova to appear opposite her as Thorne, in her penned dramatic film \"Madame Peacock\". Cherryman and Nazimova developed a friendship and at Nazimova's request, he was cast in the role Gaston Rieux in the 1921 film that would possibly become his most recalled performance - 1921's Metro Pictures Corporation film adaptation of the Alexandre Dumas, fils novel \"La Dame aux Camélias\", retitled as \"Camille\". The film was an enormous critical and public success, placing Cherryman directly in the public consciousness. The film also starred Rudolph Valentino, Nazimova, and Patsy Ruth Miller. Cherryman also appeared in the 1923 film \"Sunshine Trail\" in the role of Willis Duckworth. Cherryman's last film performance was a small role in the 1928 film \"Two Masters\". In addition to films, Cherryman was frequently involved with Broadway and various summer stock productions including the Denham Theatre in Denver, and the Aladdin Theatre in San Francisco, where he first met Barbara Stanwyck. He made several notable appearances on the stage. Among them were the musical comedy \"Topsy and Eva\" which ran from 1924 through 1925, \"The Valley of Content\" in 1925, and the Willard Mack penned drama \"The Noose\", which ran from 1926 through 1927. While performing in \"The Noose\", Cherryman had an affair with fellow cast member Stanwyck. \"The Noose\" subsequently became one of the biggest hits of the season and help launch Stanwyck's career. Cherryman's last stint on Broadway was a starring role in the 1927 dramatic production of \"The Trial of Mary Dugan\" opposite actor Robert Cummings at the National Theatre. In August 1928, while sailing to France to read for a play in Paris, Cherryman contracted septic poisoning and died in Le Havre, France at the age of 31. His body was returned to Hollywood. His cremated remains are at Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Glendale, California. Esther's remains are in the same vault. Rex Cherryman Rexford Raymond \"Rex\" Cherryman (October 30, 1896 – August 10, 1928) was an American actor of the stage and screen whose career was most prolific during the 1920s. Born in Grand Rapids, Michigan, Rex Cherryman attended Colgate University, (Hamilton, New York) in"
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"Shout! Factory Shout! Factory is an American home video and music company. Founded in 2002 as Retropolis Entertainment, its video releases include previously released feature films, classic and contemporary television series, animation, live music, and comedy specials. Shout! Factory also owns and operates Shout! Studios, Westchester Films, Timeless Media Group, Biograph Records, Majordomo Records, and Video Time Machine. Retropolis Entertainment was founded by April 2002 by Bob Emmer, Garson Foos, and Richard Foos, three principals from Rhino Records, as the company was negotiating with the five majors for distribution. After selling Rhino to Warner Bros., the three set out to launch a new retro pop culture label. The company's first product was \"Red, White & Rock\", a joint release with PBS station WQED that was produced with Warner Strategic Marketing. In August 2002, Retropolis acquired Biograph Records. Other early releases included blues and jazz CDs from the Biograph label, a Fats Domino CD and DVD, and several documentaries (\"Superstar: The Life And Times of Andy Warhol\", \"What Happened To Kerouac?\"). Retroplis was renamed Shout! Factory in April 2003. At that time, Shout had signed a press and distribution agreement with Sony Music Entertainment. With the release of \"Freaks & Geeks\" in 2004, Shout! hit its stride and shifted towards a reputable and celebrated television on DVD company. That same year, they released a brand-new CD \"Has Been\" with actor William Shatner (produced by Ben Folds) and started releasing classic \"SCTV\" box sets. In 2004 Shout! Factory released an expanded two-disc version of Jim Croce's first record, the \"Facets album\". In 2004, Shout! got the rights to Cartoon Network staple \"Home Movies\" and released each season set, and ultimately a complete series box. Other pop culture releases ensued, including a pair of \"The Electric Company\" multidisc sets, the re-envisioned Herb Alpert's \"Whipped Cream & Other Delights Rewhipped\", a series of \"Elvira's Movie Macabre\" DVDs and the first of what would be three cover CDs with Matthew Sweet and Susanna Hoffs, called \"Under The Covers Vol. 1\"; Sweet himself was also added as a featured solo artist. Still earning a reputation for the release of classic TV programs, Shout! acquired the rights to \"America's Funniest Home Videos\", \"That Girl\", \"Punky Brewster\", and \"The Weird Al Show\", all of which debuted in 2006. In 2005, Shout! Factory obtained the rights to Herb Alpert's catalog, launching the Herb Alpert Signature Series of CDs. These included \"The Lonely Bull\", \"South of the Border\", \"Lost Treasures\", \"Whipped Cream & Other Delights\" and others. They also got the rights to talk show host Dick Cavett's library and started releasing theme sets focused on rock icons, Ray Charles (including all his visits to the show), John Lennon and Yoko Ono, and others. They also jumped into children's animation with a deal with DiC Entertainment. \"C.O.P.S. The Animated Series\" and \"Heathcliff And the Catillac Cats\" were the first releases from that deal. On the sports side, they entered into a licensing deal with Major League Baseball, releasing themed and World Series DVDs through 2010. By 2007, classic TV on DVD was a major focus, with season sets of \"McHale's Navy\" and \"Ironside\", an authorized collection of \"The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet\", and themed and actor-specific editions of \"Inside the Actor's Studio\" hitting shelves. Meanwhile, they also started releasing Mickey Hart's catalogs. In March 2008, Shout! bought the Hightone Records catalog and added artists Tom Russell, Joe Ely, and Rosie Flores to its brand. At the same time, the company was ramping up its place as a children's animation destination and continuing with a TV on DVD schedule. It took over the \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\" DVD series and released a 20th Anniversary set and have continued to put out box sets of episodes never before released on DVD. In 2009, Shout! reached another milestone when it struck a deal with children's TV producers Hasbro, releasing the original \"Transformers\" and \"\" animated-series box sets. That same year, it released the first \"My Little Pony\" DVD, \"My Little Pony: Twinkle Wish Collection\". Shout! continues to release several Hasbro properties, including the series \"\". In 2011 Shout! made another landmark deal when they struck a deal with Nickelodeon to release the live action sitcom Hey Dude and the animated Nicktoons Rocko's Modern Life, Ahhh Real Monsters, Angry Beavers, Hey Arnold!, The Wild Thornberrys, CatDog, and Danny Phantom. In May 2012, Shout! Factory signed an agreement with Saban Capital Group to distribute the \"Beetleborgs\", \"\", \"Power Rangers\" and \"VR Troopers\" catalogs. It also started releasing titles by Marvel (\"Super Hero Squad Show\", \"Marvel Knights\"). In the same month, the company acquired Oregon-based home entertainment company Timeless Media Group, adding more programs to its expanding catalog, such as \"The Red Skelton Show\", \"Peter Gunn\", \"The Gene Autry Show\", \"The Virginian\", \"Wagon Train\", \"Laramie\", and \"The Roy Rogers Show\", among others. In June 2012, Shout! Factory announced a horror label called Scream Factory, specializing in classic and cult horror films on discs such as \"Halloween II\", \"\", \"They Live\", \"The Howling\", \"Lifeforce\", \"Deadly Eyes\", and others. The horror titles, both new and old, were licensed from major studios such as MGM, Fox, and Universal. In mid-June 2012, Shout! and Fred Seibert acquired Video Time Machine, a year and genre media-based iOS app, from Original Victories Inc. In 2014, the success Shout! was having with complete-series box sets of such series as \"All in the Family\", \"Route 66\", and \"Barney Miller\" extended to such properties as \"The Bob Newhart Show\", \"Hill Street Blues\", \"The Jeffersons\", and a Blu-Ray release of \"Pee-Wee's Playhouse\". On May 8, 2014, Shout! announced their acquisition of the rights to \"WKRP in Cincinnati\", with the intention of restoring all four seasons of the show \"complete\" (i.e. complete as legally possible) with their original musical scores. The 2014 release was a monumental event for fans of the show since the original DVD release in 2007 had been mired in squabbles regarding music rights. That same year, Shout! became the distributor of Super Sentai in North America under license from Saban Brands. In 2015, Shout! released official DVDs of Super Sentai starting with Kyōryū Sentai Zyuranger under the name \"\"Super Sentai Zyuranger: The Complete Series\"\" with English subtitles. In October, Shout! acquired Westchester Films, an independent film company whose library includes the films of John Cassavetes, Elia Kazan, and Orson Welles, as well as some early United Artists films that were previously owned by the films' producers. IFC Midnight signed with Scream Factory by February 2015 for home distribution. On February 5, 2015, Shout! Factory launched its flagship TV ad-supported streaming services online and via Roku. Available shows and movies included 16 Werner Herzog films, Roger Corman cult films and TV shows including \"Father Knows Best\" and \"It's Garry Shandling's Show\". In June, a minority stake in the company was taken by Cinedigm, while extending their home entertainment platform distribution agreement. Cinedign and Shout would then relaunch the Factory's streaming service and cross market each other streaming services. On November 10, 2015, Shout! announced that it had acquired the rights to \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\" from Best Brains Inc. and launched a \"Bring Back MST3K\" Kickstarter with the goal of producing up to 12 new feature-length episodes of the series, with series creator Joel Hodgson serving as executive producer. In January 2016, Concord Bicycle Music bought the Hightone from the company. The following year, Shout! (via its Westchester Films division) acquired the domestic rights to the entire library of Morgan Creek Productions (with the exception of the original \"Young",
"was taken by Cinedigm, while extending their home entertainment platform distribution agreement. Cinedign and Shout would then relaunch the Factory's streaming service and cross market each other streaming services. On November 10, 2015, Shout! announced that it had acquired the rights to \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\" from Best Brains Inc. and launched a \"Bring Back MST3K\" Kickstarter with the goal of producing up to 12 new feature-length episodes of the series, with series creator Joel Hodgson serving as executive producer. In January 2016, Concord Bicycle Music bought the Hightone from the company. The following year, Shout! (via its Westchester Films division) acquired the domestic rights to the entire library of Morgan Creek Productions (with the exception of the original \"Young Guns\", which is still owned by Lionsgate, successor to the film's international distributor, Vestron Pictures). On January 10, 2017, Shout Factory acquired the worldwide television format and ancillary rights to \"Starcade\" with plans to reboot the series. On January 17, Shout! Factory announced their acquisition of the broadcast and home media distribution rights for the first three \"Digimon Adventure tri.\" films with plans for a dual-language release on DVD and Blu-ray. On May 18, Shout! Factory acquired the North American distribution rights to \"In This Corner of the World\", with a U.S. theatrical release to take place in August 11, 2017, co-released by Funimation Films. In October 2017, it was revealed that Shout! Factory would be the distributor for GKIDS' re-releases of Studio Ghibli films formerly owned by Disney; afterwards, Shout! began distributing other GKIDS films. On November 13, 2017, Shout! Factory announced the formation of Shout! Studios, a production and distribution arm that specializes in content development. The first films to be distributed under the new banner include \"Humor Me\", \"The House of Tomorrow\", \"Izzy Gets the F*ck Across Town\", and \"Basmati Blues\", all slated for a 2018 premiere. In addition to film projects, Shout! Studios will also develop original television productions. In March 2018, Shout! Factory acquired the New Horizons film library from its founder Roger Corman; Shout! will distribute this catalogue in North America, Europe, Russia and Australia. Shout! also acquired the U.S. and Canadian distribution rights to the ITC Entertainment library. In August, Shout! Factory acquired the home entertainment rights to \"Sesame Street\" from Warner Home Video. Shout! Factory currently has agreements with NBCUniversal, 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment and MGM, Sony Pictures Home Entertainment, Hasbro Studios, Warner Bros. Home Entertainment, GKIDS, Sesame Workshop, IFC Films, Major League Baseball, ITV Studios, MacGillivray Freeman Films, and Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment. Releases under these agreements have included the complete Joss Whedon/John Cassaday series of \"Astonishing X-Men\", plus \"Thor & Loki: Blood Brothers\" and \"Iron Man: Extremis\" on DVD and Blu-ray; the original \"Transformers\", \"\", \"Jem\" and \"My Little Pony\" cartoons, \"\", \"Power Rangers\", \"VR Troopers\", \"Sesame Street\", some Nickelodeon series like \"Rocko's Modern Life\", \"Hey Arnold!\", \"The Wild Thornberrys\", \"CatDog\", \"Danny Phantom\", \"Hey Dude\", \"The Angry Beavers\", and \"Aaahh!!! Real Monsters\" (under a former agreement with Paramount Home Media Distribution), and the Disney Television Animation series \"Gravity Falls\". In mid-2012, Shout! Factory announced a horror sub-label called Scream Factory, specializing in classic and cult horror films such as \"Halloween II\", \"\", \"They Live\", \"The Howling\", \"Lifeforce\", \"Deadly Eyes\", and others being released to DVD and Blu-ray. In 2012, Shout! Factory acquired Oregon-based home entertainment company Timeless Media Group, adding programs to its ever-expanding catalog: \"The Red Skelton Show\", \"Peter Gunn\", \"The Gene Autry Show\", \"The Virginian\", \"Wagon Train\", \"Laramie\", and \"The Roy Rogers Show\", among others. Shout! Factory also acquired blues/roots label HighTone Records and continued to oversee its back catalog until 2016 when Concord Bicycle Music bought the label. Shout! Factory Shout! Factory is an American home video and music company. Founded in 2002 as Retropolis Entertainment, its video releases include previously released feature films, classic and contemporary television series, animation, live music, and comedy specials. Shout! Factory also owns and operates Shout! Studios, Westchester Films, Timeless Media Group, Biograph"
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"Fender Aerodyne Jazz Bass The Fender Aerodyne Jazz Bass is an electric bass guitar created by Fender and was first introduced at Winter NAMM 2003. The Aerodyne Jazz Bass is usually equipped with a split single-coil 'p-bass' pickup at the mid position and a single-coil pickup from a Jazz Bass at the bridge position. A number of Japanese domestic market 'non-export' models also come in a standard Jazz Bass' configuration. The bass is fitted with one volume knob per pickup, plus a master tone knob. The body outline is shaped like the Jazz Bass, though substantially lighter (the Aerodyne Jazz Bass weighs about 7 pounds, compared to the 10 pounds of the standard Jazz Bass). It's also slightly thinner than a traditional Jazz Bass body, due to its unusual 39 inch top radius unique to the Aerodyne series. The radius of the top means that the bridge is actually inset slightly into the top of the body. The Aerodyne Jazz Bass has a standard 1.5 inch nut width, a very slim \"C\" shaped neck and 20 medium jumbo frets. The Aerodyne Jazz Bass has various cosmetic features that differ greatly from similar Fender basses. The 'export model' is only available in black, with a matching black headstock facing, smoked chrome hardware and no pickguard. The neck features dot inlays, but only on the side; the fretboard has no markers on the front. There is cream binding that goes around the front perimeter of the body and newer instruments have a Stratocaster output jack while the earlier instruments have a quarter-inch jack mounted directly in the wood on top of the body. This variant has a radiused, carved basswood Precision Bass body with cream binding and flamed maple top, P/J pickups, Jazz Bass neck with a 20-fret stained rosewood fingerboard with aged pearloid dot inlays, matching headstock and a 3-ply white pickguard. It was introduced in 2006, and was offered in Natural, Blue, and Crimson Red Transparent finishes. This version of the Aerodyne Jazz features a radiused, carved basswood Jazz Bass body with cream binding in a non transparent finish, matching painted headstock, \"C\" shape Jazz Bass neck with a 20-fret stained rosewood fingerboard with aged pearloid dot inlays, P/J pickups, a 3-ply black/white/black pickguard, and a chrome Jazz style control plate with chrome knobs and output jack. It was introduced in 2006 as a Japanese non export model, available in Black, Dolphin Grey (metallic), Old Candy Apple Red (metallic), Lake Placid Blue and Cream (with black bindings). This version of the Aerodyne Jazz is similar to the other Japan non-export models, except that it has two (DiMarzio-designed, but manufactured in Japan) J-style pickups instead of a stock P/J pickup configuration. It also has a medium 32\"-scale length (812,8 mm) which plays just like a regular Jazz Bass with a capo at the first fret. The medium scale permits the use of slightly heavier gauge strings while retaining the same \"feel\" (string tension) as a standard long 34\"-scale bass. Production of this model began in 2003 (prior to the introduction of the USA model) and the earliest examples had the model number AJB-90M/DJ. In 2007, the medium scale bass acquired the model number AJB-M/DJ and was offered in Black, Olympic White and Gun Metal Blue. Discontinued in early 2008. Fender Aerodyne Jazz Bass The Fender Aerodyne Jazz Bass is an electric bass guitar created by Fender and was first introduced at Winter NAMM 2003. The Aerodyne Jazz Bass is usually equipped with a split single-coil 'p-bass' pickup at the mid position and a single-coil pickup from a Jazz Bass at the"
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"Chris Vlasto Chris J. Vlasto (born October 27, 1966) is executive producer of Good Morning America. Prior to that, he was a senior producer at ABC News \"20/20\" and senior producer of the Law and Justice unit. Before that he was a senior Broadcast Producer of Good Morning America where he won three Emmy Awards for \"Outstanding Morning Program\". He is the son of James Vlasto, former Press Secretary to the New York Governor Hugh Carey and his half brother, Josh Vlasto is currently the Deputy Communications Director to Governor Andrew Cuomo. Chris Vlasto was born in Manhattan, New York. He graduated from Choate Rosemary Hall in 1984 and received his undergraduate degree from University of Southern California in 1988. He resides in Rye, New York with his wife, Deirdre Michalopoulos, and their two sons: Nicholas and Alexander. Vlasto is the grandson of the late Solon G. Vlasto, publisher of the \"Atlantis\", once the most successful Greek language daily newspaper published in the United States. \"Atlantis\" was founded by Solon G. Vlasto's uncle, Solon J. Vlasto in 1894. Solon J. Vlasto was also the founder and president of the first Greek Orthodox Church, The Holy Trinity, in New York City in 1892. On January 21, 1998, Vlasto produced the reports by correspondent Jackie Judd which first broadcast the allegations about President Clinton's association with former White House intern Monica Lewinsky. Vlasto also produced the Diane Sawyer interview with Ken Starr and the Barbara Walters interview with Monica Lewinsky which was one of the most watched news interviews in television history. Vlasto also covered the September 11, 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center, the Florida Recount, the Lewinsky scandal, Oklahoma City bombing, and the OJ Simpson Trial. Jim McDougal, the real estate speculator whose mismanagement of the Whitewater land deal with his partners Bill Clinton and Hillary Clinton led to the Whitewater controversy of the 1990s, says of Vlasto in the book \"Arkansas Mischief\" by Boston Globe writer, Curtis Wilkie: In 2002, \"Details Magazine\" named Vlasto one of the 50 most powerful people in the United States under 37. Diane Sawyer said, \"He is of the tradition of journalists you don't see any more. He has got a craggy integrity.\" Recently, Vlasto produced the first interview with one of the women Anthony Weiner was sexting with, Meagan Broussard, together with ABC News \"20/20\" anchor Chris Cuomo. Vlasto has won more than a dozen awards including the Edward R. Murrow Award and the Joan Barone Award for his coverage of President Clinton. He also won an Emmy Award and a Sigma Delta Chi Award for his coverage of the 9/11 terror attacks. He was a 2003 Gerald Loeb Award winner. Emmy Awards Chris Vlasto Chris J. Vlasto (born October 27, 1966) is executive producer of Good Morning America. Prior to that, he was a senior producer at ABC News \"20/20\" and senior producer of the Law and Justice unit. Before that he was a senior Broadcast Producer of Good Morning America"
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"Hakea clavata Hakea clavata, commonly known as coastal hakea is a shrub that is endemic to an area along the south coast of Western Australia. It has thick leaves, pink and grey flowers and grows on rocky outcrops. \"Hakea clavata\" is a shrubby species with a spreading or sprawling in habit, is has a lignotuber and is up to wide and in height. It has thick, flattened evergreen leaves with a narrowly elliptic or obovate shape and a length of and a width of . The flowers are white and pink, appearing between January and October on the terminals of the branches. Each inflorescence is composed of 60 to 80 flowers with a pink claw, grey limbs and white interior. Following flowering a woody obliquely ovate or obovate fruit which has a length and a width of with horns. The black-brown seeds within have an obliquely obovate shape and a length of . Each seed has a broad wing along one side of seed body. \"Hakea clavata\" was first described in 1805 by Jacques Labillardière in Novae Hollandiae plantarum specimen. Labillardière may have made a type collection when at the Esperance region in December 1792. The epithet \"clavata\" is derived from the Latin word \"clava\" meaning \"club\", referring to the club-shape of the leaves. Coastal hakea is found on the mainland and on some of the islands between Israelite Bay and Esperance and a single population is known at Hopetoun to the west. The range covers southeastern areas of the Southwest Botanical Province. The species grows in rocky sandy clay soils in windswept places among granite outcrops. Hakea clavata Hakea clavata, commonly known as coastal hakea is a shrub that is endemic to an area along the south coast of Western Australia. It has thick leaves, pink and grey flowers"
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"Little Salkeld rail accident The Little Salkeld rail accident occurred between Little Salkeld and Lazonby railway stations in Long Meg cutting on the Settle-Carlisle Line on 19 January 1918. As the 11 carriage 08:50 London St Pancras to Glasgow express approached the cutting a heavy landslip caused by a sudden thaw blocked both roads ahead of the train. Just five minutes earlier a platelayer had walked past the spot and seen nothing amiss. The engine, a Midland compound No. 1010, ploughed into the mass of clay at a speed of 60 mph, telescoping the front two carriages and killing seven passengers. The injured were taken the Cumberland Infirmary and Fusehill Military Hospital, both in Carlisle. Little Salkeld rail accident The Little Salkeld rail accident occurred between Little Salkeld and Lazonby railway stations in Long Meg cutting on the Settle-Carlisle Line on 19 January 1918. As the 11 carriage 08:50 London St Pancras to Glasgow express approached the cutting a heavy landslip caused by a sudden thaw blocked both roads ahead of the train. Just five minutes earlier a platelayer had walked past the spot and seen nothing amiss. The engine, a Midland compound No. 1010, ploughed into the mass of"
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"retrieved": [
"Dorit Bar-On Dorit Bar-On is a Professor of Philosophy at the University of Connecticut and Director of the Expression, Communication, and the Origins of Meaning (ECOM) Research Group. Her research focuses on philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, epistemology, and metaethics. She previously held positions at the University of Rochester and UNC-Chapel Hill, where she was the Zachary Smith Distinguished Term Professor of Research and Undergraduate Education from 2014-2015. Bar-On earned a BA (summa cum laude) at Tel Aviv University in Philosophy & Linguistics before earning her MA and PhD in Philosophy at UCLA. Her dissertation, \"Indeterminacy of Translation: Theory and Practice\", was written under the supervision of Tyler Burge, Rogers Albritton, Keith Donnellan, David Kaplan, and David Pears. Bar-On has also written Hebrew translations of poetry, fiction, and philosophy, including three anthologies in modern philosophy, writings by Iris Murdoch, Kurt Vonnegut, Dos Passos, Dorothy Richardson, E. E. Cummings, Robert Louis Stevenson, Walter Scott, and, in collaboration with Marcia Falk, a collection of poems by Zelda Schneerson Mishkovsky and \"The Book of Blessings\". Her other professional experience includes being a radio producer, editor and broadcaster for the Israel IDF radio station, a television writer and host in Israel, and a Hebrew television newscaster and interviewer for Channel 18 in Los Angeles. Bar-On also formerly served as the President of MYCO@UNC, a youth chamber organization, from 2009 to 2012. In \"Speaking My Mind: Expression and Self-Knowledge\", published by Oxford University Press, Bar-On investigates the problem of self-knowledge (how, if at all, we are each in a privileged position to know own mental states) in relation to questions of expression and expressive behavior. She draws on historical figures including Wittgenstein and Darwin to develop a neo-expressivist view of first-personal expressive utterances (such as, \"I am in pain\") which explains how these utterances differ epistemically from non-expressive utterances while sharing the same semantic structure. \"Speaking My Mind\" has been praised as \"a rich book; rich in topics, in argumentation, and in philosophical imagination and insight. It deserves the attention of all who work in mind and language.\" In subsequent work, Bar-On has applied this neo-expressivist framework to additional problems in the philosophy of language, metaethics, and epistemology. More recently, Bar-On has sought to illuminate the nature of human communication by situating it in relation to animal expressive communication more broadly, and thereby to show how human linguistic meaning can be understood consistently with a naturalistic theory of the world. Dorit Bar-On Dorit Bar-On is a Professor of Philosophy at the University of Connecticut and Director of the Expression, Communication, and the Origins of Meaning (ECOM) Research Group. Her research focuses on philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, epistemology, and metaethics. She previously held positions at the University of Rochester and UNC-Chapel Hill, where she was the Zachary Smith Distinguished Term Professor of Research and Undergraduate Education from 2014-2015. Bar-On earned a BA (summa cum laude) at Tel Aviv University in Philosophy & Linguistics before earning her MA and PhD in Philosophy at UCLA."
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"T. J. Binyon Timothy John Binyon (18 February 1936 – 7 October 2004) was an English scholar and crime writer. He was a great-nephew of the poet Laurence Binyon. T. J. Binyon was born in Leeds, where his father Denis was a university lecturer. When, aged 18, doing his National Service, he was assigned to the Joint Services School for Linguists in Bodmin, Cornwall, to learn Russian. There, in 1954, the young soldiers, among them Alan Bennett, Michael Frayn and Dennis Potter, were trained to serve as translators and interpreters in the Cold War. It was there that Binyon's interest in Russian language and literature was kindled. He studied at Exeter College, Oxford, but read German and Russian instead of History, which had been his original plan. After graduating he spent a year at Moscow State University. On returning to England, he took up teaching Russian literature at the University of Leeds. Eventually, in 1968, he became a fellow of Wadham College. Oxford, and taught in the Faculty of Medieval and Modern Languages. He served as Dean of Wadham during the 1970s and 80s and retired in the early 2000s. Apart from his academic career, Binyon had a great interest in crime fiction. He worked as a reviewer of detective fiction for \"The Times Literary Supplement\" and the \"London Evening Standard\" and wrote a theoretical book—\"\"Murder Will Out\": The Detective in Fiction\" (OUP, 1989)—and two crime novels, \"Swan Song\" (1982) and \"Greek Gifts\" (1988). As emeritus, Binyon became a prize-winning author with a biography of Aleksandr Pushkin, \"Pushkin: A Biography\" (2002), it was the Samuel Johnson Prize winner of 2003. Binyon was married twice, first to Felicity Butterwick (1974–1992) and, after a divorce, to Helen Ellis (from 2000 up to his death). He died, aged 68, of sudden heart failure in his house in Witney, Oxfordshire, while doing research for what was to be his next book, on Mikhail Lermontov. T. J. Binyon Timothy John Binyon (18 February 1936 – 7 October 2004) was an English scholar and crime writer. He was a great-nephew of the poet Laurence Binyon. T. J. Binyon was born in Leeds, where his father Denis was a university lecturer. When, aged 18, doing his National Service, he was assigned to the Joint Services School for Linguists in Bodmin, Cornwall, to learn Russian. There, in 1954, the young soldiers, among them Alan Bennett, Michael Frayn and"
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"Archibald Arthur Archibald Arthur FRSE (6 September 1744 – 14 June 1797) was a Scottish Enlightenment philosopher. An alumnus of the University of Glasgow, he served as University chaplain from 1774 – 1794, and librarian from 1780 - 1794. Between 1780 and 1794 he worked as an assistant to Professor of Moral Philosophy Thomas Reid, taking on the latter's teaching duties, and succeeding him in 1796. He was the eldest son of Andrew Arthur, a considerable farmer, and was born at Abbot's Inch, in Renfrewshire 6 September 1744. He entered the University of Glasgow in his thirteenth or fourteenth year, and in due course took his degree of M.A. Both before and after his appointment to a professorship he lectured with success in logic, botany, humanity, and church history. In October 1767, he received from the presbytery of Paisley his preacher's license, not, however, without some opposition on the ground of want of orthodoxy in the doctrines of the Church of Scotland. He was soon afterwards appointed chaplain to the University of Glasgow, and assistant minister with Dr. Craig of that city. He was also chosen librarian to the University, and held the office until nearly the close of his life. For some years he was usefully employed in compiling a complete catalogue of the books, arranged in two parts, one under an alphabet of authors, and the other according to the position of the volumes on the shelves. The catalogue was printed in 1791, and described 20,000 volumes. It gave much satisfaction. Arthur was appointed assistant professor in moral philosophy through the influence of Dr. Thomas Reid, who was obliged to give up his full professorial duties on account of increasing years. This took place in May 1780, and Arthur taught the class for fifteen years in return for part of the salary. On the death of Reid, he was elected full professor, but held the office only for one session, dying on 14 June 1797. He never married, and died worth a considerable sum of money, which he left to his brothers and sisters. They devoted part of it to the publication of his posthumous \"Discourses on Theological and Literary Subjects\", which were edited, with a memoir by his friend William Richardson. The theological discourses include one on the argument for the existence of God, another on the goodness of God, and others on objections to David Hume, and similar topics; among the literary discourses are two upon theories of beauty, one on the arrangement of ancient and modern languages, and others on the study of ancient languages as a necessary branch of liberal education. Arthur had a shy and hesitating manner, but possessed liberal opinions to which he always had the courage to hold firm. A. F. Tytler, in a note upon a letter of Dr. Reid, remarks: \"Mr. Arthur, a man of learning, abilities, and worth, filled the chair of moral philosophy … with a reputation which did not disappoint the hopes of his respectable predecessor\". The \"Discourses\" \"give a very favourable idea of his talents, the justness of his taste, and the rectitude of his moral and religious principles\". His works are: Archibald Arthur Archibald Arthur FRSE (6 September 1744 – 14 June 1797) was a Scottish Enlightenment philosopher. An alumnus of the University of Glasgow, he served as University chaplain from 1774 – 1794, and librarian from 1780 - 1794. Between 1780 and 1794 he worked as an assistant to Professor of Moral Philosophy Thomas Reid, taking on the latter's teaching duties, and succeeding him in 1796. He was the eldest son of Andrew"
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"Matmata Berber Matmata Berber is a Zenati Berber dialect spoken around the town of Matmâta in southern Tunisia, and in the villages of Taoujjout, Tamezret and Zrawa. According to Ben Mamou's lexicon, its speakers call it \"Tmaziɣṯ\" or \"Eddwi nna\", meaning \"our speech\", while it is called \"Shelha\" or \"Jbali\" (جبالي) in local Tunisian Arabic dialects. The total population speaking this variety was estimated at 3,726 in 1975. Documentation of Matmata Berber is limited. A collection of fairy tales in this variety was published by Stumme in 1900. Basset (1950) provides a few dialect maps of Tunisian Berber including this region, showing lexical variation, while Penchoen (1968) offers a general discussion of Tunisian Berber and the effects of schooling. Collins (1981) discusses its verbal morphology along with that of other Tunisian Berber varieties. The only general grammatical sketch and vocabulary available is the website put together by Larbi Ben Mamou, a native speaker of the language. \"Ethnologue\" treats it as part of the Nafusi language spoken in northwestern Libya, although the two belong to different subgroups of Berber according to Kossmann (1999). Matmata Berber Matmata Berber is a Zenati Berber dialect spoken around the town of Matmâta in southern Tunisia,"
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"Hiroshi Iuchi He started his career by joining Konami in 1989 where he worked on a number of arcade titles. In 1992, Iuchi and a number of Konami employees including Masato Maegawa and Norio Hanzawa splintered away from the company to form Treasure. His first game for the new company was the critically acclaimed Gunstar Heroes. In 1995, Iuchi left Treasure to join Time Warner Interactive but soon left due to disagreements with the company's business practices. He was re-hired by Treasure in 1997 where he worked on his first project as a director, Radiant Silvergun. Despite a new string of successes including \"Ikaruga\" and \"Gradius V\", Iuchi once again left Treasure in 2006. He resurfaced in 2007 as a freelance graphic designer and has since worked with Treasure on the Xbox Live Arcade port of \"Ikaruga\" and \"\" for the Wii. In 2012 he directed Kokuga for G.Rev. As of 2013 he works at M2. Hiroshi Iuchi He started his career by joining Konami in 1989 where he worked on a number of arcade titles. In 1992, Iuchi and a number of Konami employees including Masato Maegawa and Norio Hanzawa splintered away from the company to form Treasure. His"
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"First Samurai (video game) The First Samurai is a platform game that involves the player on a quest as the first samurai in the history of ancient Japan to survive in a world of evil and rival swordsmen. Eating food and drinking sake will help the player get stronger, while fire and enemy contact will weaken the samurai. The main objective in a level is to collect a set of four items which must be used to get access to the area with the end of level guardian. Magic pots serve as checkpoints and are activated with the energy of your sword. Killing a monster releases a bit of sword energy which you collect then automatically. Using a bell at the right place removes an obstacle blocking your path. The player starts out as a hermit in an ancient forest, but he eventually becomes powerful enough to fight in the villages and towns, and eventually the dungeons. The game was originally produced for Amiga with versions to follow made for Atari ST, C64, MS-DOS and the Super NES. It was followed by \"Second Samurai\". \"The programmers have managed to squeeze the last of playing fun from an overstretched genre.\"<br> Carsten Borgmeier in Amiga Joker 01/1992 The Amiga Joker gave a rating of 82%. The Channel 4 video game programme GamesMaster gave the Amiga version a 90% rating. First Samurai (video game) The First Samurai is a platform game that involves the player on a quest as the first samurai in the history of ancient Japan to survive in a world of evil and rival swordsmen. Eating food and drinking sake will help the player get stronger, while fire and enemy contact will weaken the samurai. The main objective in a level is to collect a set of four items which"
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"Rolls-Royce RB.106 The Rolls-Royce RB.106 was an advanced military turbojet engine design of the 1950s by Rolls-Royce Limited. The work was sponsored by the Ministry of Supply. The RB.106 project was cancelled in March 1957, at a reported total cost of £100,000. The RB.106 was a two-shaft design with two axial flow compressors each driven by its own single stage turbine and reheat. It was of similar size to the Rolls-Royce Avon, allowing it to be used as a drop-in replacement, but it would have produced about twice the thrust at 21,750 lbf (96.7 kN). The two-shaft layout was relatively advanced for the era; the single-shaft de Havilland Gyron matched it in power terms, while the two-spool Bristol Olympus was much less powerful at the then-current state of development. Apart from being expected to power British aircraft such as those competing for Operational Requirement F.155 it was selected to be the powerplant for the Avro Canada CF-105 Arrow. The American company Westinghouse was reported in 1956 to be serious about acquiring a licence to build the RB.106. A scaled-up version of the RB.106 intended for F.155 was the Rolls-Royce RB.122. The competing Bristol two-spool engine to the same specification was to have been the Bristol Zeus. However funding was cut with the 1957 Defence White Paper which terminated most aircraft development then under way. The Arrow moved to an indigenous two-spool design similar to the RB.106, the Orenda Iroquois. Rolls-Royce RB.106 The Rolls-Royce RB.106 was an advanced military turbojet engine design of the 1950s by Rolls-Royce Limited. The work was sponsored by the Ministry of Supply. The RB.106 project was cancelled in March 1957, at a reported total cost of £100,000. The RB.106 was a two-shaft design with two axial flow compressors each driven by its own single stage turbine"
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"Tolsti Vrh, Šentjernej Tolsti Vrh () is a settlement in the foothills of the Žumberak/Gorjanci range in the Municipality of Šentjernej in southeastern Slovenia. It was traditionally part of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. The local church, built on a small hill in the centre of the settlement, is dedicated to Saint Roch (). It was a well-known pilgrimage church built in 1713 in gratitude for the ending of a local epidemic of the plague. Its main altar dates to the late 18th century and the side altars are from the 19th century. On a hill south of the settlement are the remains of a second church. It was a Romanesque building that was abandoned in 1782 and partly demolished in 1808. Tolsti Vrh, Šentjernej Tolsti Vrh () is a settlement in the foothills of the Žumberak/Gorjanci range in the Municipality of Šentjernej in southeastern Slovenia. It was traditionally part of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. The local church, built on a small hill in the centre of the settlement, is dedicated to Saint Roch (). It was a well-known pilgrimage church built in 1713 in"
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"Noa at 17 Noa at 17 (Hebrew: נועה בת 17) is a 1982 Israeli drama written and directed by Itzhak Zepel Yeshurun. It was shot over only two weeks. In 2003, actress Dahlia Shimko reprised her role as Noa in the director's sequel, \"No Longer 17\". Amid the political turmoil of the early 1950s in Israel, Noa (Dalia Shimko) is a fiercely independent 17-year-old member of a youth movement who finds herself in disagreement with her parents and her collective-minded, Zionist friends. She is caught between her desire to join a kibbutz and her parents' wish for her to graduate high school. At the same time, Noa's struggle is also part of a larger argument that divides the young nation. The bitter ideological battle taking place within the kibbutz movement following the Korean War whether to follow the model of the Soviet Union or that of the capitalist west threatens to fracture families, friendships and whole communities. Noa must fight for her individuality, her right to doubt and question all belief systems, but in the end finds herself isolated and disillusioned. The film received high critical praise and relative success at the box office, selling some 190,000 tickets. Noa at"
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"Leo Araguz Leobardo Jaime Araguz (born January 18, 1970) is a former professional American football punter and kicker. He has played since 1996 with the Oakland Raiders, the Detroit Lions, the Minnesota Vikings, and the Seattle Seahawks in the National Football League with the New York/New Jersey Hitmen in the XFL and the Grande Valley Sol. He holds the distinction of having the most punts in an NFL game, with 16. He has one son, named Aaron James Araguz. Araguz attended Harlingen High School in Harlingen, Texas and was a student and a letterman in football and soccer. Araguz attended Stephen F. Austin State University and was a student and a letterman in football. In football, he was a four-year letterman and a three-time All-Southland Conference selection. As a junior, he led the Southland Conference in average yards per punt with an average of 42.6 yards per punt. Leo Araguz Leobardo Jaime Araguz (born January 18, 1970) is a former professional American football punter and kicker. He has played since 1996 with the Oakland Raiders, the Detroit Lions, the Minnesota Vikings, and the Seattle Seahawks in the National Football League with the New York/New Jersey Hitmen in the XFL and"
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"Action-specific perception Action-specific perception, or perception-action, is a psychological theory that people perceive their environment and events within it in terms of their ability to act. For example, softball players who are hitting better see the ball as bigger. Tennis players see the ball as moving slower when they successfully return the ball. Furthermore, the perceiver's intention to act is also critical; while the perceiver's ability to perform the intended action influences perception, the perceiver's abilities for unintended actions have little or no effect on perception. Action-specific effects have been documented in a variety of contexts and with a variety of manipulations. The original work was done on perceived slant of hills and perceived distance to targets. Hills look steeper and targets look farther away when wearing a heavy backpack. In addition to walking, many other actions influence perception such as throwing, jumping, falling, reaching, grasping, kicking, hitting, blocking, and swimming. In addition to perceived slant and perceived distance, other aspects of perception are influenced by ability such as size, shape, height, and speed. These results have been documented in athletes such as softball players, golfers, tennis players, swimmers, and people skilled in parkour. The action-specific perception account has roots in Gibson's (1979) ecological approach to perception. According to Gibson, the primary objects of perception are affordances, which are the possibilities for action. Affordances capture the mutual relationship between the environment and the perceiver. For example, a tall wall is a barrier to an elderly person but affords jumping-over to someone trained in parkour, or urban climbing. Like the ecological approach, the action-specific perception account favors the notion that perception involves processes that relate the environment to the perceiver's potential for action. Consequently, similar environments will look different, depending on the abilities of each perceiver. Since abilities change over time, an individual's perception of similar environments will also change as their abilities change. The claim that activity and intention influence perception is controversial. These findings challenge traditional theories of perception, nearly all of which conceptualize perception as a process that provides an objective and behaviorally-independent representation of the environment. The fact that the same environment looks different depending on the perceiver's abilities and intentions implies that perception is not behaviorally-neutral. Alternative explanations for apparent action-specific effects have been proposed, most commonly that the perceiver's ability affects the perceiver's judgment about what they see, rather than affecting perception itself. In other words, perceivers see the world similarly but then report their impressions differently. Perception cannot be measured directly. Instead, researchers must rely on reports, judgments, and behaviors. However, many attempts have been made to resolve this issue. One technique is to use many different kinds of perceptual judgments. For example, action-specific effects have been found when verbal reports and visual matching tasks. Action-specific effects are also apparent with indirect measures such as perceived parallelism as a proxy for perceived distance. Action-specific effects have also been found when using action-based measures such as Blindwalking. Action-specific perception Action-specific perception, or perception-action, is a"
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"Oxidative folding Oxidative protein folding is a process that is responsible for the formation of disulfide bonds between cysteine residues in proteins. The driving force behind this process is a redox reaction, in which electrons pass between several proteins and finally to a terminal electron acceptor. In prokaryotes, the mechanism of oxidative folding is best studied in Gram-negative bacteria. This process is catalysed by protein machinery residing in the periplasmic space of bacteria. The formation of disulfide bonds in a protein is made possible by two related pathways: an oxidative pathway, which is responsible for the formation of the disulfides, and an isomerization pathway that shuffles incorrectly formed disulfides. The oxidative pathway relies, just like the isomerization pathway, on a protein relay. The first member of this protein relay is a small periplasmic protein (21 kDa) called DsbA, which has two cysteine residues that must be oxidized for it to be active. When in its oxidized state, the protein is able to form disulfide bonds between cysteine residues in newly synthesized, and yet unfolded proteins by the transfer of its own disulfide bond onto the folding protein. After the transfer of this disulfide bond, DsbA is in a reduced state. For it to act catalytically again, it must be reoxidized. This is made possible by a 21 kDa inner membrane protein, called DsbB, which has two pairs of cysteine residues. A mixed disulfide is formed between a cysteine residue of DsbB and one of DsbA. Eventually, this cross-link between the two proteins is broken by a nucleophilic attack of the second cystein residue in the DsbA active site. On his turn, DsbB is reoxidized by transferring electrons to oxidized ubiquinone, which passes them to cytochrome oxidases, which finally reduce oxygen; this is in conditions. As molecular oxygen serves as the terminal electron acceptor in aerobic conditions, oxidative folding is conveniently coupled to it through the respiratory chain. In anaerobic conditions however, DsbB passes its electrons to menaquinone, followed by a transfer of electrons to fumarate reductase or nitrate reductase. Especially for proteins that contain more than one disulfide bond, it is important that incorrect disulfide bonds become rearranged. This is carried out in the isomerization pathway by the protein DsbC, that acts as a disulfide isomerase. DsbC is a dimer, consisting of two identical 23 kDa subunits and has four cysteine residues in each subunit. One of these cysteines (Cys-98) attacks an incorrect disulfide in a misfolded protein and a mixed disulfide is formed between DsbC and this protein. Next, the attack of a second cysteine residue results in the forming of a more stable disulfide in the refolded protein. This may be a cysteine residue either from the earlier misfolded protein or one from DsbC. In the last case, DsbC becomes oxidized and must be reduced in order to play another catalytic role. There is also a second isomerase that can reorganize incorrect disulfide bonds. This protein is called DsbG and it is also a dimer that serves as a chaperone. To fulfil their role as isomerases, DsbC and DsbG must be kept in a reduced state. This is carried out by DsbD, which must be reduced itself to be functional. Thioredoxin, which itself is reduced by thioredoxin reductase and NADPH, ensures the reduction of the DsbD protein. Because these two pathways coexist next to each other in the same periplasmic compartment, there must be a mechanism to prevent oxidation of DsbC by DsbB. This mechanism indeed exists as DsbB can distinguish between DsbA and DsbC because this latter has the ability to dimerize. A very similar pathway is followed in eukaryotes, in which the protein relay consists of proteins with very analogous properties as those of the protein relay in Gram-negative bacteria. However, a major difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is found in the fact that the process of oxidative protein folding occurs in the endoplasmatic reticulum (ER) in eukaryotes. A second difference is that in eukaryotes, the use of molecular oxygen as a terminal electron acceptor is not linked to the process of oxidative folding through the respiratory chain as is the case in bacteria. In fact, one of the proteins involved in the oxidative folding process uses a flavin-dependent reaction to pass electrons directly to molecular oxygen. A homolog of DsbA, called protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), is responsible for the formation of the disulfide bonds in unfolded eukaryotic proteins. This protein has two thioredoxine-like active sites, which both contain two cysteine residues. By transferring the disulfide bond between these two cysteine residues onto the folding protein it is responsible for the latter’s oxidation. In contrast to bacteria, where the oxidative and isomerization pathways are carried out by different proteins, PDI is also responsible for the reduction and isomerization of the disulfide bonds. For PDI to catalyse the formation of disulfide bonds in unfolded proteins, it must be reoxidized. This is carried out by an ER membrane-associated protein, Ero1p, which is no homolog of DsbB. This Ero1p protein forms a mixed disulfide with PDI, which is resolved by a nucleophilic attack of the second cystein residue in one of the active sites of PDI. As result, oxidized PDI is obtained. Ero1p itself is oxidized by transferring electrons to molecular oxygen. As it is an FAD-binding protein, this transfer of electrons is strongly favoured when Ero1p is bound to FAD. Also a transport system that imports FAD into the ER lumen has been described in eukaryotes. Furthermore, it has been shown that the ability to reduce or rearrange incorrect disulfide bonds in missfolded proteins is provided by the oxidation of reduced glutathione (GSH) to oxidized glutathione (GSSG). Because of the property of Ero1p to transfer electrons directly to molecular oxygen via a flavin-dependent reaction, its activity may produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). In bacteria, this problem is solved by coupling oxidative folding to the respiratory chain. There, the reduction of molecular oxygen to water is carried out by a complex series of proteins, which catalyse this reaction very efficiently. In eukaryotes, the respiratory chain is separated from oxidative folding since cellular respiration takes place in the mitochondria and the formation of disulfide bonds occurs in the ER. Because of this, there is much more risk that ROS are produced in eukaryotic cells during oxidative folding. As is known these ROS may cause many diseases such as atherosclerosis and some neurodegenerative diseases. Classical examples of proteins in which the process of oxidative folding is well studied are bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) and ribonuclease A (RNaseA). These two proteins have multiple disulfide bonds and so they are very useful to follow and understand the process of oxidative folding. Another example is alkaline phosphatase, which contains two essential disulfides. It was used as an indicator protein to screen the effect of mutations in DsbA. Oxidative folding Oxidative protein folding is a process that is responsible for the formation of disulfide bonds between cysteine residues in proteins. The driving force behind this process is a redox reaction, in which electrons pass between several proteins and finally to a terminal electron acceptor. In prokaryotes, the mechanism of oxidative folding is best studied in Gram-negative bacteria. This process is catalysed by protein machinery"
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"National Socialist Underground The National Socialist Underground or NSU () was a far-right German neo-Nazi terrorist group which was uncovered in November 2011. The NSU is mostly associated with Uwe Mundlos, Uwe Böhnhardt and Beate Zschäpe, who lived together under false identities. Between 100 and 150 further associates were identified who supported the core trio in their decade-long underground life and provided them with money, false identities, and weapons. Unlike other terror groups, the NSU had not claimed responsibility for their actions. The group's existence was only discovered following the deaths of Böhnhardt and Mundlos, and the subsequent arrest of Zschäpe. So far, the following crimes have been attributed to the NSU: the National Socialist Underground murders, a series of murders of nine immigrants of Turkish, Greek and Kurdish descent between 9 September 2000 and 6 April 2006; the murder of a policewoman and attempted murder of her colleague; a 1999 bombing in Nuremberg; the 2001 and 2004 Cologne bombings; and a series of 14 bank robberies. The Attorney General of Germany called the NSU a \"right-wing extremist group whose purpose was to kill foreigners, and citizens of foreign origin\". On 4 November 2011, after a bank robbery in Eisenach, Mundlos and Böhnhardt were found shot dead in a mobile home, which was burning. Police said that the two set the vehicle on fire and killed themselves when their vehicle was found. In that caravan, the service pistol (HK P2000) of murdered police woman Michèle Kiesewetter was found. Some hours later on the same day, their flat in Zwickau, where the trio had lived under false identities, also was set on fire, and an explosion occurred. Beate Zschäpe, the alleged third core member of the terrorist group, is suspected of having caused that. She later turned herself in on advice from her lawyer. Police found a CZ 83 silenced weapon, which had been used throughout the NSU's serial murders and a number of other guns in the remains of the house. Further, a DVD was found with images of three of the dead persons that had been taken immediately after the killings. On 13 November 2011, , a possible fourth member of the NSU, was arrested and brought the following day before a judge at Germany's Federal Court of Justice, who ordered him to be detained in custody. The German Attorney General's Office wanted Gerlach detained on suspicion of membership in a terrorist group. However the court's investigating judge only authorized Gerlach to be detained on suspicion of supporting a terrorist organization. The Attorney General of Germany also supposed that he had rented a motor caravan for the NSU, which they used for the murder of the policewoman and severe maiming of her colleague, in Heilbronn. On 24 November 2011, agents from the German federal GSG 9 special police arrested André Eminger in Grabow. Eminger is suspected by the Attorney General of Germany to have produced the propaganda movie mocking the victims of the serial murders and claiming responsibility for the previously unknown NSU. The discovery that all these mysterious and unsolved high-profile crimes were committed in cold blood by one obscure, previously unknown \"Nationalsozialistischer Untergrund\" terror group, that went unnoticed for 13 years, plunged Germany into a state of shock, even though right-wing terrorism has historical roots in Germany. After the underlying ideological pattern of the crimes became known by the public, Chancellor Angela Merkel stated on 14 November 2011 that she wanted to consider a ban of the National Democratic Party of Germany (NPD) to weaken the power of extremist right-wing groups. It became known that an officer of the Hessian State Office for the Protection of the Constitution was inside the Internet café while the Turkish owner was killed by the NSU terrorists in 2006 in Kassel. This security agent (Andreas Temme) openly held right-wing views, and in his home village he was known by the nickname \"Little Adolf\". He has since been transferred to an administrative post (outside and unrelated to the agency). On 23 February 2012, an official state ceremony in commemoration of the victims was broadcast live from Berlin; a nationwide moment of silence was observed and flags were flown at half-mast. Various German politicians from all parties unanimously urged for a parliamentary enquiry committee, which has been formed and begun its work, to dig deeply into the details of what is widely regarded as growing to one of the biggest scandals concerning domestic security in modern German history. The affair is casting Germany's security apparatus into public disrepute for an obvious, complete failure and is causing sarcastic comments from the press. On 2 July 2012, the President of the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution, Heinz Fromm, resigned from his post shortly after it was revealed that on 12 November 2011, employees, most notably Axel Minrath (code name: Lothar Lingen), of his agency had destroyed files connected with the NSU case immediately after their role in the murders became public and the agency itself had received a formal request from the German Federal Criminal Police Office (BKA) to forward all information relevant to these crimes. Two more resignations of the presidents of the State Offices for the Protection of the Constitution in Thuringia and Saxony soon were to follow suit. The first trial against the NSU began on 6 May 2013.On trial were: On 14 May, Federal Prosecutor Herbert Diemer read out the indictment against Beate Zschäpe. Diemer accused her of involvement in 10 murders and of being a member of a group whose aim was to \"commit murder and criminal acts dangerous to public safety\" in order to intimidate the public and \"wreak major damage to the state.\" The only purpose of the \"National Socialist Underground\", said Diemer, \"was to kill people.\" Prosecutors have deliberately and repeatedly stated that the scope of the trial is only to determine to level of complicity that Zschäpe and her fellow defendants had with the crimes the NSU stands accused of. It is the prosecution's opinion that Zschäpe, Mundlos, and Böhnhardt were the only members of the NSU despite strong evidence against the trio thesis. One of the more controversial subjects to come to light during the NSU murder trial is the level of cooperation and support that neo-Nazi informants and organizations receive from the Federal Office for Protection of the Constitution (BfV), Germany's domestic security agency. The BfV began cultivating informants from Germany's neo-Nazi groups in the early and mid-1990s to deal with the rise in anti-immigrant crime like the Rostock-Lichtenhagen riots of 1992. During the trial it became clear that BfV informants were aware or potentially aware of the homicides and other crimes attributed to the NSU and that this information was not shared with local police either accidentally or purposefully. All attempts made by the victims' legal team to examine this relationship have been buried by the prosecution team as irrelevant to the scope of the murder trial. On 11 July 2018, Zschäpe was convicted of murder on ten counts and sentenced to life imprisonment. Her accomplices were convicted as follows: The release of Eminger on the day of the verdict, received applause from the Nazis present in the court. Simultaneously, 10,000 people protested all over Germany against the limited solution of the NSU's crimes and the state's involvement, against the low verdicts for the terrorists and the police's racist investigations against the victims' families. National Socialist Underground The National Socialist Underground or NSU () was a far-right German neo-Nazi terrorist group which was uncovered in November 2011. The NSU is mostly associated with Uwe Mundlos, Uwe Böhnhardt and Beate Zschäpe, who lived together under false identities. Between 100 and 150 further associates were identified who supported the",
"counts and sentenced to life imprisonment. Her accomplices were convicted as follows: The release of Eminger on the day of the verdict, received applause from the Nazis present in the court. Simultaneously, 10,000 people protested all over Germany against the limited solution of the NSU's crimes and the state's involvement, against the low verdicts for the terrorists and the police's racist investigations against the victims' families. National Socialist Underground The National Socialist Underground or NSU () was a far-right German neo-Nazi terrorist group which was uncovered in November 2011. The NSU is mostly associated with Uwe Mundlos, Uwe Böhnhardt and Beate Zschäpe, who lived together under false identities. Between 100 and 150 further associates were identified who supported the core trio in their decade-long underground life and provided them with money, false"
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"Phil Kaufman (producer) Philip C. Kaufman (born April 26, 1935) is an American record producer, tour manager, and author, best known for stealing the body of country musician Gram Parsons, and burning it in Joshua Tree National Monument. This was later chronicled in the film \"Grand Theft Parsons\". He authored the book \"Road Mangler Deluxe\", an autobiography about his experiences in the music business. He worked with Parsons, The Rolling Stones, Emmylou Harris, Joe Cocker, Frank Zappa, Hank Williams III, Etta James, and many more. Kaufman's first musical role was as the driver and assistant to The Rolling Stones during the recording of \"Beggar's Banquet\", referred to by Mick Jagger as his \"executive nanny.\" Kaufman had previously acted in Hollywood, with bit parts in \"Spartacus\", \"Riot in Juvenile Prison\", and \"Pork Chop Hill\", among others, before a felony marijuana smuggling conviction in the mid 1960s. After getting out of prison (where he befriended fellow inmate Charles Manson), he was offered a job driving for Mick Jagger and Marianne Faithfull, who were in Los Angeles at the time for the mixing of \"Beggars Banquet\". Through Keith Richards, Kaufman met Gram Parsons, and agreed to tour manage his group The Flying Burrito Brothers, although he had no prior tour managing experience. The song \"Why Does It Hurt When I Pee?\" from Frank Zappa's album \"Joe's Garage\" tells the story of Kaufman's \"urination problems\". After Parson's death from an accidental drug overdose, Kaufman borrowed a hearse and drove to Los Angeles International Airport, convincing airline staff to release Parsons' body to him. According to Kaufman, he had made a pact with Parsons prior to his death regarding handling of their remains in the event of either Parson's or Kaufman's death. The 2003 movie \"Grand Theft Parsons\" follows Kaufman taking Parsons' body and burning it in the desert, with Johnny Knoxville portraying Kaufman. Kaufman met Charles Manson while they were inmates in Terminal Island Prison. According to Kaufman, a guard taunted Manson that he would never get out; Manson calmly responded by looking up from his guitar and saying, \"Get out of where?\" (Manson officially requested a transfer to Leavenworth, considered one of the harshest penitentiaries, because he said he would get fewer complaints from fellow inmates about his guitar practicing there.) Manson, who aspired to success as a singer-songwriter was found to be congenial company by Kaufman. He thought Manson a very bad guitar player, but capable enough as a singer and songwriter to have a chance of getting a record contract, and before Manson's release Kaufman gave him the name of a friend in the industry, Gary Stromberg at Universal. Kaufman advised Manson wait a few months after he was released to give him a chance to acclimatize to the outside world, and do some more work on his songs, then use the most polished compositions to showcase his potential when he went to see the music producer acquaintance of Kaufman's, saying who sent him. Manson, who Kaufman believed was self-obsessed, promised to take the advice. Despite this valuable introduction for the furtherance of his ambitions, on release day Manson begged to stay and protested that prison had become his home. Months after his release, by which time he had acquired the first four of his female devotees, Manson went to see Stromberg. On the strength of the recommendation from Kaufman, the producer authorized a studio recording session. Instead of having been prepared as Kaufman suggested, with a limited number of his best songs, Manson was unfocused and amateurish, making the recording a disappointment. Kaufman was released the next year, and would spend time living with the Manson Family, with its female devotees made available to him. According to Kaufman, he has \"had sex with more serial killers than anyone else in Show Business.\" When Manson found that he could not turn Kaufman into a follower, they became estranged. Kaufman produced and released Manson's album at the height of his notoriety, but found that he could not get anyone to stock \"\". Manson murder victims Leno and Rosemary LaBianca's home was next to where a long time close friend of Kaufman had rented a house. Manson had attended parties there with Kaufman when still friendly with him: Kaufman has said this was no coincidence. The murder of Sharon Tate and four others, which occurred on the previous night to the attack on the LaBianca home, was also linked with a music industry acquaintance of Manson who he associated with his failures to get a record contract. It was at the 10050 Cielo Drive former home of Terry Melcher, which by then was being rented by the husband of Sharon Tate. Manson had been rebuffed there while looking for Melcher, who had been initially interested in Manson's music but lost interest after a trip to the Manson commune. Prior to the killing of Tate and her four friends, Manson had initiated the murder spree of his followers by ordering the death of Gary Hinman. Mary Brunner was present throughout and the key witness for the prosecution at a trial of some Manson followers for the murder. She testified that Bobby Beausoleil killed Hinman, a musician, because Hinman had refused to join Manson's band. Phil Kaufman (producer) Philip C. Kaufman (born April 26, 1935) is an American record producer, tour manager, and author, best known for stealing the body of country musician Gram Parsons,"
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"Giant current ripples Giant current ripples are active channel topographic forms up to 20 m high, which develop within near-talweg areas of the main outflow valleys created by glacial lake outburst floods. Giant current ripple marks are morphologic and genetic macroanalogues of small current ripples formed in sandy stream sediments. The giant current ripple marks are important depositional forms in diluvial plain and mountain scablands. The history of the scabland studies has two distinct stages: the \"old\" one that began with the first works by J Harlen Bretz and Joseph Pardee in North America and lasted until the end of the 20th century that was crowned with the discovery of giant current ripple marks in Eurasia, and a \"new\" one. The latter is associated with heated debates concerning the genesis of the relief under study and which involved a lot of Russian geologists, geomorphologists and geographers. The discussion about the origin of the giant ripples dealt at least to a certain extent with every aspect of the diluvial theory, from the genesis of the lakes themselves, their existence duration, possibilities of their cataclysmic failures, etc. to the origin of the diluvial forms - the aspects that have been accepted by many scientists worldwide, including an increasing number of Russian scientists. J Harlen Bretz, author of the hypothesis of the diluvial origin of the Channeled Scabland, considered mainly \"giant gravel bars\" (diluvial ramparts and terraces) among the diluvial-accumulative formations as a proof of his case along with the destructive forms of the scabland (gorges-coulees, waterfall cataracts – chains of erosional dry falls washed of loose sediments by the floods of diluvial farewell rocks). It was only after J. T. Pardee's report in Seattle at the Session of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1940 that the expression \"giant current ripples\" was introduced in the modern meaning. J. Pardee gave brief characteristics to the forms found by him already in the early 20th century while researching the Late Pleistocene lake Missoula. J. Pardee, who was the discoverer of this lake and named it, had kept silent for over thirty years until his retirement about cataclysmic outbursts of the giant North-American ice-dammed lakes in the Pleistocene. As already mentioned, the \"official\" American geology represented by the United States Geological Survey, which strictly controlled all scientific studies, strongly objected to J H. Bretz's hypothesis in the early 20th century. J. Pardee was a member of this organization. Even the title \"Ripple marks (?) in the glacial lake Missoula\" of Pardee's report proves the great significance attached by Pardee to the relief he discovered a few decades ago as an instrument for the reconstruction of Late Quaternary diluvial palaeohydrology in North America. Thus, it is this scientist's name that we should associate with the discovery and correct genetic interpretation of the relief of giant current ripples. After Pardee's publication in 1942, giant current ripples have been found practically everywhere on the territory of the basaltic Columbia Plateau (this was the direction of the cataclysmic outbursts of Missoula and other ice-dammed lakes). A special study of the geomorphology and palaeohydrology of the American scabland was begun by Victor Baker. It was Baker who mapped all main fields of giant current ripples known today in America, and it was he who made first attempts to gain chief hydraulic characteristics of the Missoula floods according to the multiple measurements of paired parameters of diluvial dunes and their mechanical composition. Some other so far known means had certainly been used for the purpose as well since Bretz's times, in particular, the functional dependences by Schezi and Manning. However, those dependences estimated velocities and discharges of the floods at the channel line, and the data received, although imprecise, were tremendous. V. R. Baker calculated the palaeohydraulic data over the ripple fields, i.e. over the sites distanced from the channel line and (or) on wane of the floods, where the current velocities of the diluvial streams admittedly must have been less than maximum ones (all the same, they were hundreds of thousands of cubic metres per second). For nearly sixty years the well-known ice-dammed Lake Missoula (and other well-known North-American ice-dammed lakes) and its cataclysmic outbursts was considered as a unique one in the world's scientific literature. Special tourist routes were organised at most impressive sites of \"giant vessels\", canyons-coulees, vast fields of giant current ripples and others. Here professional guides tell the tourists about hydrospheric catastrophes which took place in the ice ages in America. The discovery of the relief of giant current ripples in the Altai and Tuva and its correct diagnostics began a new stage in the paleogeographical research of the continents, a broad international cooperation and initiated new conclusions which have cleared up a lot of questions in the Quaternary geology and Paleohydrology of Pleistocene in Eurasia. Along with the development of the ideas about enormous dimensions and a big role of Pleistocene glacier-dammed lakes and their cataclysmic outbursts, a new branch of the scientific research which was called by the British geologist P. A. Carling \"flood deposit sedimentology\" is becoming more and more notable. In Russia in the middle 1990s the geological objects formed by the diluvial floods — floodstreams — were referred by the author to the research objects of Quaternary glaciohydrology based on the theory of the diluvial morpholithogenesis. In Russia nobody had known anything about the regime of ice-dammed lakes until the 1980s and, of course, had not looked for any traces of their failures, either. Although some lake terraces of the basinal preglacial bodies of water in the mountains of South Siberia were mapped in the early 20th century (it was done incidentally during some geological and botanical investigations), the question of the evacuation mechanisms of these lakes did not even arise. As a matter of fact, this question was (and by someones is still) considered rhetorical: since there are strandlines on the sides of the depressions, then the lakes used to dry gradually and slowly. Moreover, in some authors' opinions, the lakes appeared in the depressions, in particular in the Altai, only once, at the most – twice. And when such lake terraces could be poorly distinguished, if any at all, in the depressions, then the question of the lakes did not arise: there were not any lakes. Nevertheless, in the late 1950s G. F. Lungershausen and O. A. Rakovets were the first to give a correct interpretation to a \"mysterious\" ridge-and-pading relief in Kuray intermountain depression. These scientists were the first to correctly define the genesis of the relief in the depression and to assume, according to the orientation of the diluvial dunes, the eastern direction of the runoff of the rivers, which is opposite to the contemporary one, at some moment in the history of the Altai. The genetic diagnostics of the giant ripples in the Kuray Basin had a general character and was essentially limited to the terminologically correct definition only (in fact, the purpose of the article of the authors mentioned was different). The article explained the origin of the direction of the water torrents proper by some neotectonic reasons. The notice made by G.F. Lungershausen and O.A. Rakovets about the diluvial origin of giant ripple marks in Kuray was denied by E.V. Deviatkin, who referred to an oral conclusion made by E.V. Shantser and wrote that the large ripple marks in Kuray Basin were results of heavy erosional processing of a huge fluvioglacial fan. M.V. Petkevich expressed a similar opinion in her candidate thesis. She believed that the ridged relief on the right bank of the Tetio River in Kuray",
"the giant ripples in the Kuray Basin had a general character and was essentially limited to the terminologically correct definition only (in fact, the purpose of the article of the authors mentioned was different). The article explained the origin of the direction of the water torrents proper by some neotectonic reasons. The notice made by G.F. Lungershausen and O.A. Rakovets about the diluvial origin of giant ripple marks in Kuray was denied by E.V. Deviatkin, who referred to an oral conclusion made by E.V. Shantser and wrote that the large ripple marks in Kuray Basin were results of heavy erosional processing of a huge fluvioglacial fan. M.V. Petkevich expressed a similar opinion in her candidate thesis. She believed that the ridged relief on the right bank of the Tetio River in Kuray Basin was a washed proluvial fan. Every single diagnostic sign of the giant ripples given in the corresponding section contradict this theory, especially the cross-layered texture of the sediments in the ripple marks which correlates with their morphology and the regular asymmetry of their slopes at all the locations. The petrography composition of the coarse-fragmental material in the ripple marks witnesses also against this hypothesis, it is alien to the bed rock of the basins of the Tetio and the Aktru rivers. In addition, G.G. Rusanov found malachite, axinite, sillimanite and cinnabar in the schlichs of the ripple marks in Kuray Basin, which are characteristic of the Kuray Ridge but not found in the schlichs of the end moraines of the Tetio River, the latter adjoining the fields of the giant ripples. Cinnabar is a heavy, fragile and quickly worn mineral. That is why, as G.G. Rusanov remarks, it cannot be carried away from its original source farther than over first hundreds of metres. Over longer distances this mineral can be transported only in suspension state. At the same time, galena, which is very characteristic of the moraines of the Tetio and the Aktru Valleys, is not found in the ripple sediments. Hence, pebble deposits adjoining the end moraines of the Tetio cannot be fluvioglacial or proluvial formations of the meltwater from the glaciers of the Aktru and the Tetio. At that time P.A. Okishev flatly disagreed with his predecessors and contemporaries. He argued that the proofs of the erosional extension of a vast fluvioglacial fan here (in Kuray Basin) are unconvincing. In 1970 P.A. Okishev put forward the idea that the giant current ripple marks in Kuray depression are \"inversional formations\". \"The ridges presently expressed in the relief used to accumulate as channel sediments within above-glacial floods of a vast flat glacial field and projected afterwards onto the substratum\" (, p. 49). A. N. Rudoy shall point out in this quotation that 1) P.A. Okishev simply described, though superficially, the mechanism of the eskers, and 2) he emphasised the fluvial, channel origin of the ridges proceeding from their material composition and morphology. This investigator developed his theory later in his book and his doctoral thesis (1984), but practically at the same time he put forward another hypothesis, a \"glacial\" one, without explaining anything or mentioning the \"inversional relief\". P.A. Okishev wrote that the giant current ripples in Kuray Basin are \"bedded, small-ridged, poly-ridged\" moraines. The \"inversional relief\" was forgotten by the author for ever and has never been mentioned again. This author's unclear explanations of the essence of his second \"moraine\" hypothesis (he would have a third one as well) may be regarded in general as an attempt \"to introduce something new\" into the works by B.A. Borisov and E.A. Minina who, after many years of their geological surveys in the mountains of southern Siberia, discovered and described the relief of \"a washing board\" (the phase of the rogen moraine according to the classification by Yu. A. Lavrushin. B.A. Borisov and E.A. Minina ascribed the relief of giant current ripples of all the districts where it had been found, described and more or less studied to that relief of the ribbed moraine, the latter really exists in many ancient glacial mountainous valleys of Siberia, Middle Asia and in other mountains. The first investigator in Russia who not only correctly defined the genesis of the giant current ripples (we shall remind that this was done first by G.F. Lungershausen and O.A. Rakovets about twenty-five years before that time) but also described their composition and reconstructed (in a complex with other flood forms) palaeoglaciohydrology of the region of the geological surveys was V.V. Butvilovsky. However, his discovery was made far from the region where nowadays \"lances are being broken\". It was in the valley of the Bashkaus River in the Easter Altai]. As a matter of fact, V.V. Butvilovsky managed to describe the whole palaeohydrologic scenario of the last glacial age based on a small district, which corresponds well to the modern ideas about glacial palaeohydrology of the dryland. He also showed that the Quaternary ice-dammed lake of Tuzhar Village discovered by him outburst into the valley of the Chulyshman River after having reached its critical level. He emphasised that in the valley of the Bashkaus River and the Chulyshman River there was only one but very powerful superflood with its maximum discharge of about 880 000 m3/s (the calculation was done according to the formula by Schezi). Later on, V.V. Butvilovsky developed his ideas and defended them in his doctoral thesis [Butvilovsky, 1993]. When working in the Central and South-Eastern Altay, A. N. Rudoy studied in this years the largest in the Altay ice-dammed lakes of Chuya, Kuray and Uymon Basins (Butvilivsky was in the 1970s his student in Tomsk State University). In autumn 1983 Rudoy carried out some field research on the left bank site of the Katun River which is now known as \"the field of giant current ripples of Platovo-Podgornoje\". The result of the research was the first published work dedicated to the multiple cataclysmic outbursts of those tremendous Pleistocene ice-dammed lakes. That work was the first to give a detailed description of the structure of the relief of the giant current ripples at the foothills. Also the first attempt was made to define the palaeohydraulic characteristics of the diluvial floods according to the morphologic peculiarities of the ripples and their material composition. In the early and middle 1980s special filed studies headed by the Alexei Rudoy were carried out at the discovered sites of the fields of the giant current ripples, four of which have become key ones in the course of time, i.e. they have been specially studied for many years by professionals from different countries and of different specialities. These key sites include: the location of giant current ripples of Platovo-Podgornoje; the location of diluvial dunes of the Little Yaloman – the Inia; the field of the giant current ripples in the central part of Kuray Basin and the diluvial dunes at the Basin (in Russian: urochishtshe) Kara-Kol on its western raised periphery. Some reconstruction of the regime of the last glacial age, estimates of the glacial runoff at its maxima and post-maxima, on the one hand, and the discovery of the diluvial morpholithocomplex on the other hand, enabled us already at the late 1980s to outline a common palaeoglaciohydrologic situation of the Glacial Pleistocene for those territories of the Earth where the oroclimatic condition were similar to those of the mountains of Siberia. At the same time M.G. Grosswald described and physically interpreted for the first time fields of giant current ripples not in the Altai only but also in the intermountain depressions of Tuva and in the valleys of the Upper Yenisei. Nowadays these fields are also studied by international expeditions, some works paying a special attention to the giant ripple marks on the Sayany-Tuva table-land have been already published. In early",
"runoff at its maxima and post-maxima, on the one hand, and the discovery of the diluvial morpholithocomplex on the other hand, enabled us already at the late 1980s to outline a common palaeoglaciohydrologic situation of the Glacial Pleistocene for those territories of the Earth where the oroclimatic condition were similar to those of the mountains of Siberia. At the same time M.G. Grosswald described and physically interpreted for the first time fields of giant current ripples not in the Altai only but also in the intermountain depressions of Tuva and in the valleys of the Upper Yenisei. Nowadays these fields are also studied by international expeditions, some works paying a special attention to the giant ripple marks on the Sayany-Tuva table-land have been already published. In early 1990s first international expeditions which specially studied the diluvial morpholithologic complex in Asia. Their purpose was to compare main palaeohydromorphologic characteristics of mountain scablands of Central Asia which had been already developed in Russia by that time with those of the known plain diluvial associations of the Channeled Scabland territory in North America. The participants of those first expeditions were specialists from Russia (M.R. Kirianova, A.N. Rudoy), the United States (V.R. Baker), Great Britain (P.A. Carling), Germany (K. Fischer and M. Kuhle) and Switzerland (Ch. Siegenthaler). In the second half of 1990s and at the beginning of the 21st century (until the field season of 2010) P.A. Carling carried out some more special expeditions in the Altai, their results were summed up in a cooperative work. Later, a group of German sedimentologists under the direction of Ju. Herget worked successfully in the Altai. Several big articles presented the refined data of the palaeohydraulic parameters of the diluvial floods in the river valleys of the Chuya River and Katun River. In 1998 S.V. Parnachov defended his candidate thesis based on the analysis of some well-known sections of the diluvial terraces at the Katun River and the Chuya River, as well as on the data by P.A. Carling and conclusions of his own. The thesis paid a certain amount of attention to the key locations of the fields of giant current ripples discovered before. The investigator fulfilled, in particular, the petrographic and granulometric analyses of the clastic material of the giant ripples at the key sites. S.V. Parnachov based himself on the calculations of the jökulhlaup discharges by P.A. Carling – 750,000 m per second – and came to the conclusion that there were no fluvial catastrophes but there were several lake outbursts with the discharges not higher than those of contemporary big rivers. Instead of the diluvial sediments this author suggested a new geological formation – the \"flood alluvium\". Consequently, S.V. Parnachov distinguished the \"flooding period\" in the Altay of about 150 000 years long. The genesis of the basinal lakes, however, S.V. Parnachov admitted so far as ice-dammed one. Two years later I.S. Novikov joined the investigations by S.V. Parnachov. These geologists drew a conclusion that \"the glaciers could not\" dam themselves such big lake depressions, consequently the dams were \"ice-tectonic\" ones. So, according to the authors quoted, during the \"flooding period\" that lasted for about 150 000 years there were no less than seven cataclysmic flooding occurrences associated with the outbursts of the palaeolakes. Moreover, a tectonic obstacle also played a role in the damming of the lakes during the very last degradation phases of the Würm glacier. \"\"New antidiluvialists\"\" have put forth alternate explanations to the giant current ripples theory. While the Russian science is discussing the genesis of the giant current ripples at the just briefly described scientific level, American and British geologists and planetologists have discovered such reliefs on Mars according to the data on the giant current ripples in the Altai and even calculated the hydraulic parameters of those diluvial floods. Up to the present, hundreds of locations of the fields of giant current ripples have been discovered in North America and Northern Asia. Here is a brief description of main characteristics of this relief and its sediments at the key, today most often visited, sites in the Altai and Tuva with the necessary references to the chief publications for the other territories. Unfortunately, no diagnostic features of the lithology of giant current ripples have been cleared up, yet, that could differentiate the latter from other genetic types of loosed sediments in sections. The presence of cross-bedded series in some layers with evidently fluvial genesis which were diagnosed by V.V. Butvilovsky as buried ripples (e.g. an exposure in a pit near the mouth of the Isha River, etc.) does not look as remarkable in the nature as it is described by the author. A. N. Rudoy used to work for a long time at this and similar exposures (e.g. by the settlement of Karlushka). Nothing, except the fact of the cross dipping of fluvial boulder pebbles, can tell the investigator that he sees some buried giant current ripples. One can nothing but assume this. And an abrupt dipping of bedded alluvial channel fractions is a very often seen phenomenon. The problem of diagnosing diluvial sediments in a buried state, i.e. without any geomorphological control, may apparently be solved not only, if at all, by studying peculiarities of the diluvial texture, but by means of the microscopic lithological studies of the sediments of giant current ripples, i.e. mineralogy of fine fractions, grain shapes, analysis of accessories, etc. Then these correctly summarised data must be compared with various phases of the contemporary mountainous alluvium at the analogous sections. Giant current ripples Giant current ripples are active channel topographic forms up to 20 m high, which develop within near-talweg areas of the main outflow valleys created by glacial lake outburst floods. Giant current ripple marks are morphologic and genetic macroanalogues of small current ripples formed in sandy stream sediments. The giant current ripple marks are important depositional forms in diluvial plain and mountain scablands. The history of the scabland studies has two distinct stages: the \"old\" one that began with the"
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"Fideism Fideism () is an epistemological theory which maintains that faith is independent of reason, or that reason and faith are hostile to each other and faith is superior at arriving at particular truths (see natural theology). The word \"fideism\" comes from \"fides\", the Latin word for faith, and literally means \"faith-ism\". Theologians and philosophers have responded in various ways to the place of faith and reason in determining the truth of metaphysical ideas, morality, and religious beliefs. A fideist is one who argues for fideism. Historically, fideism is most commonly ascribed to four philosophers: Pascal, Kierkegaard, William James, and Wittgenstein; with fideism being a label applied in a negative sense by their opponents, but which is not always supported by their own ideas and works or followers. There are a number of different forms of fideism. Alvin Plantinga defines \"fideism\" as \"the exclusive or basic reliance upon faith alone, accompanied by a consequent disparagement of reason and utilized especially in the pursuit of philosophical or religious truth\". The fideist therefore \"urges reliance on faith rather than reason, in matters philosophical and religious\", and therefore may go on to disparage the claims of reason. The fideist seeks truth, above all: and affirms that reason cannot achieve certain kinds of truth, which must instead be accepted only by faith. Plantinga's definition might be revised to say that what the fideist objects to is not so much \"reason\" per se—it seems excessive to call Blaise Pascal anti-rational—but \"evidentialism\": the notion that no belief should be held unless it is supported by evidence. The doctrine of fideism is consistent with some, and radically contrary to other theories of truth: Some forms of fideism outright reject the correspondence theory of truth, which has major philosophical implications. Some only claim a few religious details to be axiomatic. Tertullian's \"De Carne Christi\" (On the Flesh of Christ]) says \"the Son of God died; it is by all means to be believed, because it is absurd.\" The statement \"\"Credo quia absurdum\"\" (\"I believe because it is absurd\") is sometimes cited as an example of views of the Church Fathers, but this appears to be a misquotation of Tertullian. Tertullian's statement, however, is not a fideist position; Tertullian was critiquing intellectual arrogance and the misuse of philosophy, but he remained committed to reason and its usefulness in defending the faith. Martin Luther taught that faith informs the Christian's use of reason. Regarding the mysteries of Christian faith, he wrote, \"All the articles of our Christian faith, which God has revealed to us in His Word, are in presence of reason sheerly impossible, absurd, and false.\" And \"Reason is the greatest enemy that faith has.\" However, Luther conceded that, grounded upon faith in Christ, reason can be used in its proper realm, as he wrote, \"Before faith and the knowledge of God reason is darkness in divine matters, but through faith it is turned into a light in the believer and serves piety as an excellent instrument. For just as all natural endowments serve to further impiety in the godless, so they serve to further salvation in the godly. An eloquent tongue promotes faith; reason makes speech clear, and everything helps faith forward. Reason receives life from faith; it is killed by it and brought back to life.\" Another form of fideism is assumed by Pascal's Wager. Blaise Pascal invites the atheist considering faith to see faith in God as a cost-free choice that carries a potential reward. He does not attempt to argue that God indeed exists, only that it might be valuable to assume that it is true. Of course, the problem with Pascal's Wager is that it does not restrict itself to a specific God, although Pascal did have in mind the Christian God as is mentioned in the following quote. In his \"Pensées\", Pascal writes: Pascal moreover contests the various proposed proofs of the existence of God as irrelevant. Even if the proofs were valid, the beings they propose to demonstrate are not congruent with the deity worshiped by historical faiths, and can easily lead to deism instead of revealed religion: \"The God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob—not the god of the philosophers!\" Considered to be the father of modern antirationalism, Johann Georg Hamann promoted a view that elevated faith alone as the only guide to human conduct. Using the work of David Hume he argued that everything people do is ultimately based on faith. Without faith (for it can never be proven) in the existence of an external world, human affairs could not continue; therefore, he argued, all reasoning comes from this faith: it is fundamental to the human condition. Thus all attempts to base belief in God using reason are in vain. He attacks systems like Spinozism that try to confine what he feels is the infinite majesty of God into a finite human creation. Natural theologians may argue that Kierkegaard was a fideist of this general sort: the argument that God's existence cannot be certainly known, and that the decision to accept faith is neither founded on, nor needs, rational justification, may be found in the writings of Søren Kierkegaard and his followers in Christian existentialism. Many of Kierkegaard's works, including \"Fear and Trembling\", are under pseudonyms; they may represent the work of fictional authors whose views correspond to hypothetical positions, not necessarily those held by Kierkegaard himself. In \"Fear and Trembling\", Kierkegaard focused on Abraham's willingness to sacrifice Isaac. The New Testament apostles repeatedly argued that Abraham's act was an admirable display of faith. To the eyes of a non-believer, however, it must necessarily have appeared to be an unjustifiable attempted murder, perhaps the fruit of an insane delusion. Kierkegaard used this example to focus attention on the problem of faith in general. He ultimately affirmed that to believe in the incarnation of Christ, in God made flesh, was to believe in the \"absolute paradox\", since it implies that an eternal, perfect being would become a simple human. Reason cannot possibly comprehend such a phenomenon; therefore, one can only believe in it by taking a \"leap of faith\". American pragmatic philosopher and psychologist William James introduced his concept of the \"will to believe\" in 1896. Following upon his earlier theories of truth, James argued that some religious questions can only be answered by believing in the first place: one cannot know if religious doctrines are true without seeing if they work, but they cannot be said to work unless one believes them in the first place. William James published many works on the subject of religious experience. His four key characteristics of religious experience are: 'passivity', 'ineffability', 'a noetic quality', and 'transiency'. Due to the fact that religious experience is fundamentally ineffable, it is impossible to hold a coherent discussion of it using public language. This means that religious belief cannot be discussed effectively, and so reason does not affect faith. Instead, faith is found through experience of the spiritual, and so understanding of belief is only gained through the practice of it. The philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein did not write systematically about religion, though he did lecture on the topic. Some of his students' notes have been collected and published. On the other hand, it has been asserted that religion as a \"form of life\" is something that intrigued Wittgenstein to a great degree. In his 1967 article, entitled \"Wittgensteinian Fideism\", Kai Nielsen argues that certain aspects of Wittgenstein's thought have been interpreted by Wittgensteinians in a \"fideistic\" manner. According to this position, religion is a self-contained—and primarily expressive—enterprise, governed by its own internal logic or \"grammar\". This view—commonly called Wittgensteinian fideism—states: (1) that religion is",
"and so understanding of belief is only gained through the practice of it. The philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein did not write systematically about religion, though he did lecture on the topic. Some of his students' notes have been collected and published. On the other hand, it has been asserted that religion as a \"form of life\" is something that intrigued Wittgenstein to a great degree. In his 1967 article, entitled \"Wittgensteinian Fideism\", Kai Nielsen argues that certain aspects of Wittgenstein's thought have been interpreted by Wittgensteinians in a \"fideistic\" manner. According to this position, religion is a self-contained—and primarily expressive—enterprise, governed by its own internal logic or \"grammar\". This view—commonly called Wittgensteinian fideism—states: (1) that religion is logically cut off from other aspects of life; (2) that religious concepts and discourse are essentially self-referential; and (3) that religion cannot be criticized from an external (i.e., non-religious) point of view. Although there are other aspects that are often associated with the phenomena of Wittgensteinian fideism, Kai Nielsen has argued that such interpretations are implausible misrepresentations of the position. It is worth noting, however, that no self-proclaimed Wittgensteinian actually takes Nielsen's analysis to be at all representative of either Wittgenstein's view, or their own. This is especially true of the best-known Wittgensteinian philosopher of religion, D. Z. Phillips, who is also the best-known \"Wittgensteinan fideist\". In their book \"Wittgensteinian Fideism?\" (SCM Press, 2005), D. Z. Phillips and Kai Nielsen debate the status of Wittgensteinian fideism. Both agree that the position \"collapses\", though they think it fails for different reasons. For Nielsen, the position is socially and politically irresponsible since it ignores prudential, practical, and pragmatic considerations as a basis for criticizing different language games. For Phillips, the position fails because it is not Wittgensteinian, and thus is a caricature of his position. Amongst other charges, Nielsen argues most forcefully in an article entitled \"On Obstacles of the Will\" that Phillips' Wittgensteinian view is relevantly fideistic and that it, therefore, fails on the grounds that it cannot account for the possibility of external, cultural criticism. Phillips, in turn, in the last article in the book, entitled \"Wittgenstein: Contemplation and Cultural Criticism\", argues that the position is not Wittgensteinian at all, and that Wittgenstein's considered view not only allows for the possibility of external, cultural criticism, but also \"advances\" philosophical discussion concerning it. Presuppositional apologetics is a Christian system of apologetics associated mainly with Calvinist Protestantism; it attempts to distinguish itself from fideism. It holds that all human thought must begin with the proposition that the revelation contained in the Bible is axiomatic, rather than transcendentally necessary, else one would not be able to make sense of any human experience (see also epistemic foundationalism). To a non-believer who rejects the notion that the truth about God, the world, and themselves can be found within the Bible, the presuppositional apologist attempts to demonstrate the incoherence of the epistemic foundations of the logical alternative by the use of what has come to be known as the \"Transcendental Argument for God's existence\" (TAG). On the other hand, some presuppositional apologists, such as Cornelius Van Til, believe that such a condition of true unbelief is impossible, claiming that all people actually believe in God (even if only on a subconscious level), whether they admit or deny it. Presuppositional apologetics could be seen as being more closely allied with foundationalism than fideism, though it has sometimes been critical of both. Catholic doctrine rejects fideism. The \"Catechism of the Catholic Church\", representing Catholicism's great regard for Thomism, the teachings of St. Thomas Aquinas, affirms that it is a Catholic doctrine that God's existence can indeed be demonstrated by reason. Aquinas' position, which is to be distinguished from rationalism, has deep roots in Western Christianity; it goes back to St. Anselm of Canterbury's observation that the role of reason was to explain faith more fully: \"fides quaerens intellectum\", \"faith seeking understanding\", is his formula. The official position of the Catholic Church is that while the existence of the one God can in fact be demonstrated by reason, nevertheless on account of the distortion of human nature caused by the first sin, humans can be deluded to deny the claims of reason that demonstrate God's existence. The Anti-Modernist oath promulgated by Pope Pius X required Catholics to affirm that: Similarly, the \"Catechism of the Catholic Church\" teaches that: Pope John Paul II's encyclical \"Fides et Ratio\" also affirms that God's existence is in fact demonstrable by reason, and that attempts to reason otherwise are the results of sin. In the encyclical, John Paul II warned against \"a resurgence of fideism, which fails to recognize the importance of rational knowledge and philosophical discourse for the understanding of faith, indeed for the very possibility of belief in God\". Historically, there have been a number of fideist strains within the Catholic orbit. Catholic traditionalism, exemplified in the nineteenth century by Joseph de Maistre, emphasized faith in tradition as the means of divine revelation. The claims of reason are multiple, and various people have argued rationally for several contradictory things: in this environment, the safest course is to hold true to the faith that has been preserved through tradition, and to resolve to accept what the Church has historically taught. In his essay \"Du pape\" (\"On the Pope\"), de Maistre argued that it was historically inevitable that all of the Protestant churches would eventually seek reunification and refuge in the Catholic Church: science was the greater threat, it threatened all religious faith, and \"no religion can resist science, except one\". Another refuge of fideist thinking within the Catholic Church is the concept of \"signs of contradiction\". According to this belief, the holiness of certain people and institutions is confirmed by the fact that other people contest their claims: this opposition is held to be worthy of comparison to the opposition met by Jesus Christ himself. This opposition and contradiction does not inherently prove something is true in Catholic thought, but only acts an additional possible indication of its truth. The idea of the sign of contradiction is related to the conviction that, while human reason is still operative, the distortion of fallen human nature causes concrete instances of reasoning to grope and often to go astray. Fideism has received criticism from theologians who argue that fideism is not a proper way to worship God. According to this position, if one does not attempt to understand what one believes, one is not really believing. \"Blind faith\" is not true faith. Notable articulations of this position include: Fideism can lead to relativism. The existence of other religions puts a fundamental question to fideists—if faith is the only way to know the truth of God, how are we to know which God to have faith in? Fideism alone is not considered an adequate guide to distinguish true or morally valuable revelations from false ones. An apparent consequence of fideism is that all religious thinking becomes equal. The major monotheistic religions become on par with obscure fringe religions, as neither can be advocated or disputed. These critics note that people successfully use reason in their daily lives to solve problems and that reason has led to progressive increase of knowledge in the sphere of science. This gives credibility to reason and argumentative thinking as a proper method for seeking truth.",
"can lead to relativism. The existence of other religions puts a fundamental question to fideists—if faith is the only way to know the truth of God, how are we to know which God to have faith in? Fideism alone is not considered an adequate guide to distinguish true or morally valuable revelations from false ones. An apparent consequence of fideism is that all religious thinking becomes equal. The major monotheistic religions become on par with obscure fringe religions, as neither can be advocated or disputed. These critics note that people successfully use reason in their daily lives to solve problems and that reason has led to progressive increase of knowledge in the sphere of science. This gives credibility to reason and argumentative thinking as a proper method for seeking truth. Galileo Galilei, for example, said that \"I do not feel obliged to believe that the same God who has endowed us with sense, reason and intellect has intended us to forgo their use.\" On the other hand, according to these critics, there is no evidence that a religious faith that rejects reason would also serve us while seeking truth. Fideism Fideism () is an epistemological theory which maintains that faith is independent of reason, or that reason and faith are hostile to each other and faith is superior at arriving at particular truths (see natural theology). The word \"fideism\" comes from \"fides\", the Latin word for faith, and literally means \"faith-ism\". Theologians and philosophers have responded in various ways to the place"
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"Vladimir Klinovsky Volodymyr Klinovskyy (born 22 March 1969) is a Ukrainian football coach who currently serves as the Club Head Coach for Toronto Fusion FC On April 17, 2008 Klinovsky was appointed by North York Astros head coach Rafael Carbajal to serve as his assistant coach for the 2008 season. In his first season, he helped the Astros set an all-time record for most points and wins in a season. But unfortunately during their playoff run the Astros were eliminated by the Serbian White Eagles in the quarterfinal match, with the game ending 2-1 in favor of the White Eagles. The following season he maintained his position as assistant coach, but this time serving under a new head coach Ugur Cimen. On June 29, 2009 Klinovsky was upgraded to the head coach position when Cimen unexpectedly resigned from his coaching duties and returned to Turkey due to personal reasons. His first match was a 4-1 defeat by Toronto Croatia. Klinovsky was placed in a difficult position due to the fact the Astros suffered four straight losses under Cimen, and at the same time conceded the most goals in the National Division at the time. Following the defeat to Toronto, Klinovsky decided to make several new changes to boost up his roster of players in order to complete for a playoff spot. He released many of the new players signed by Cimen and brought up several players from the Reserve Division. In preparation for his goal Klinovsky resolved to make new additional signings such as Adrian Pena, Sergio De Luca, Kurt Ramsey, Adrian Mancini and Gersi Xhuti. After making several new changes to the line-up following the loss to Toronto Croatia, the Astros tied 2-2 against St. Catharines Wolves to achieve their first point of the season. On July 20, 2009 Klinovsky led the Astros to their first win of the season in 3-2 victory over Trois Rivieres Attak. Unfortunately the Astros would continue to struggle with their goal of reaching the final playoff berth with many inconsistent matches. Klinovsky was able to lead the Astros to a four-game unbeaten streak which meant that his squad was only three points away of TFC Academy who held the last playoff spot. The Astros next match was in Vaughan against the Italia Shooters where they needed a guaranteed win in order to surpass TFC in the standings. On September 14, 2009 in their decisive match against the Shooters the home side scored early in the 10' minute on a penalty kick; the Astros held in with a goal from Diego Maradona to tie the match, but unfortunately Italia scored a late winner to end the match with a 2-1 victory over the Astros. Thus eliminating the North York side from contention of reaching the post season. In 2010, Klinovsky was appointed the Milltown FC Reserve team head coach and assistant coach to head coach Rafael Carbajal. On May 16, 2010 he temporarily stepped in for Head Coach Carbajal, while he was away with the Canada U-20 Coaching Staff. Klinovsky led Milltown to a scoreless draw with the Montreal Impact Academy in the club's first match in club history. Volodymyr Klinovskyy was certified with The Football Association TheFA England, Ukrainian Football Federation FFU, Canadian Soccer Association CSA and Ontario Soccer Association OSA Canada and held a UEFA \"PRO\" Licence. Volodymyr Klinovskyy coached Youth and Professional teams, including Milltown F.C., North York Astros S.C., Mississauga S.C., Erin Mills S.C., Islington Rangers S.C., AC Milan Academy, Golden Feet Academy, Peel Halton District Football Association, Ontario Soccer Association. Volodymyr Klinovsky has a University background in Mechanical Engineering and Applied Petroleum Chemistry. In 1994, he was graduated at Kiev University of Civil Aviation Engineers. He was actively involved in Petroleum industry and worked for Shell, Imperial Oil ESSO, Petro-Canada, Walter Surface Technologies (Bio-Circle Division) as Project manager, Chief Engineer and Territory Manager. Vladimir Klinovsky Volodymyr Klinovskyy (born 22 March 1969) is a Ukrainian football coach who currently serves as the Club Head Coach for Toronto Fusion FC On April 17, 2008 Klinovsky was appointed by North York Astros head coach Rafael Carbajal to serve as his assistant coach for the 2008 season. In his first season, he helped"
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"Royal Earl House Royal Earl House (9 September 181425 February 1895) was the inventor of the first printing telegraph, which is now kept in the Smithsonian Institution. His nephew Henry Alonzo House is also a noted early American inventor. Royal Earl House spent his childhood in Vermont experimenting, designing, and building, a habit which would earn him distinction as an adult. He once caught a toad, skinned it, placed a set of springs in the skin and made it hop. Around 1840, he went to Buffalo, New York to live with relatives and attend law school in that town. However, he read a work on electricity which so inspired him that he decided to give up law and study the science of electricity instead. He was also interested in mechanics, chemistry and magnetism. By 1846, the Morse telegraph service was operational between Washington, DC, and New York. Royal Earl House patented his printing telegraph that same year. He linked two 28-key piano-style keyboards by wire. Each piano key represented a letter of the alphabet and when pressed caused the corresponding letter to print at the receiving end. A \"shift\" key gave each main key two optional values. A 56-character typewheel at the sending end was synchronised to coincide with a similar wheel at the receiving end. If the key corresponding to a particular character was pressed at the home station, it actuated the typewheel at the distant station just as the same character moved into the printing position, in a way similar to the daisy wheel printer. It was thus an example of a synchronous data transmission system. House's equipment could transmit around 40 instantly readable words per minute, but was difficult to manufacture in bulk. The printer could copy and print out up to 2,000 words per hour. This invention was first put in operation and exhibited at the Mechanics Institute in New York in 1844. In 1886 and 1887, when the Royal E. House telegraph company was producing the printing telegraph, the Morse Telegraph company tried to enjoin (legally prevent) them from infringing on the Morse patents. Morse claimed the sole right of transmitting intelligence by electricity, utilizing the Morse code. The courts decided the House Company did not infringe the Morse patent, as the messages using the House system were all printed on a slip of paper, without the use of Morse Code. Later the House Co. and the Morse Co. joined and formed the Great Western Telegraph Company. Royal Earl House Royal Earl House (9 September 181425 February 1895) was the inventor of the first printing telegraph, which is now kept in the Smithsonian Institution. His nephew Henry Alonzo House is also a noted early American inventor. Royal Earl House spent his childhood in Vermont experimenting, designing, and building, a habit which would earn him distinction as an adult. He once caught a toad, skinned it, placed a set of springs in the skin and made it hop. Around 1840, he went to Buffalo, New York"
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"Peter Janich Peter Janich (4 January 1942 – 4 September 2016) was a professor of philosophy at the University of Marburg. He was born in Munich. Janich studied physics, philosophy and psychology at the Universities of Erlangen and Hamburg. He attained a doctorate in philosophy in 1969 and during 1969/70 was a guest lecturer at the University of Texas at Austin. From 1973 to 1980 he was a professor for philosophy of science of the accurate sciences at the University of Konstanz. Since 1980 he has held the chair for systematic philosophy with an emphasis on theoretical philosophy at the Philipps University of Marburg. Janich is the joint founder and representative of the approach of methodical culturalism, a development of the methodical constructivism of the Erlanger school (\"Erlanger constructivism\"). He developed the concept of Protophysics with Paul Lorenzen and Rüdiger Inhetveen. Janich died of cancer at the age of 74 on 4 September 2016. Peter Janich Peter Janich (4 January 1942 – 4 September 2016) was a professor of philosophy at the University of Marburg. He was born in Munich. Janich studied physics, philosophy and psychology at the Universities of Erlangen and Hamburg. He attained a doctorate in philosophy in"
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"The male anatomy has no vestibular bulbs, but instead a corpus spongiosum, a smaller region along the bottom of the penis, which contains the urethra and forms the glans penis. \n * Structure of the penis \n\n * The deeper branches of the internal pudendal artery. \n\n * The penis in transverse section, showing the bloodvessels. \n\n * Male pelvic organs seen from right side. \n\n * Diagram of the arteries of the penis. \n\n * Cross section of penis. \n\n\n\n A corpus cavernosum penis (singular) (cavernous body of the penis) is one of a pair of sponge-like regions of erectile tissue, the corpora cavernosa (plural) (cavernous bodies), which contain most of the blood in the penis during an erection. Such a corpus is homologous to the corpus cavernosum clitoridis in the female; the body of the clitoris contains erectile tissue in a pair of corpora cavernosa (literally \"cave-like bodies\") with a recognisably similar structure. \n The two corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum (also known as the corpus cavernosum urethrae in older texts and in the adjacent diagram) are three expandable erectile tissues along the length of the penis, which fill with blood during penile erection. The two corpora cavernosa lie along the penis shaft, from the pubic bones to the head of the penis, where they join. These formations are made of a sponge-like tissue containing trabeculae, irregular blood-filled spaces lined by endothelium and separated by connective tissue septa. \n Blood can leave the erectile tissue only through a drainage system of veins around the outside wall of the corpus cavernosum. The expanding spongy tissue presses against a surrounding dense tissue (tunica albuginea) constricting these veins, preventing blood from leaving. The penis becomes rigid as a result. The glans penis, the expanded cap of the corpus spongiosum, remains more malleable during erection because its tunica albuginea is much thinner than elsewhere in the penis. \n | This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) \n---|---\n In some circumstances, release of nitric oxide precedes relaxation of muscles in the corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum, in a process similar to female arousal. The spongy tissue fills with blood, from arteries down the length of the penis. A little blood enters the corpus spongiosum; the remainder engorges the corpora cavernosa, which expand to hold 90% of the blood involved in an erection, increasing both in length and in diameter. The function of the corpus spongiosum is to prevent compression of the urethra during erection. \n Corpus cavernosum penis \n--- \nTransverse section of the penis. \nThe constituent cavernous cylinders of the penis. \nDetails \nIdentifiers \nLatin | corpus cavernosum penis \nTA | A09.4.01.014 \nFMA | 19618 \nAnatomical terminology (edit on Wikidata)"
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"Brazilian jiu-jitsu Brazilian jiu-jitsu (; , , ) (BJJ; ) is a martial art and combat sport system that focuses on grappling with particular emphasis on ground fighting. Brazilian jiu-jitsu was formed from Kodokan judo ground fighting (newaza) fundamentals that were taught by a number of Japanese individuals including Takeo Yano, Mitsuyo Maeda, Soshihiro Satake, and Isao Okano. Brazilian jiu-jitsu eventually came to be its own combat sport when mainstream Judo took grew towards becoming an Olympic sport; as well as through the innovations, practices, and adaptation of judo, jujutsu and wrestling through Carlos and Hélio Gracie (who passed their knowledge on to their extended family) as well as other instructors (who were likely students of the Judoka Maeda, such as Luiz França, and their later successors in Brazil and elsewhere). BJJ is founded on the concept that a smaller, weaker person can successfully defend themselves against a bigger, stronger, heavier opponent. This is done by using technique, leverage, and most notably, taking the fight to the ground, and then applying joint locks and chokeholds to defeat the opponent. BJJ training can be used for sport grappling tournaments and in self-defense situations. Sparring (commonly referred to as \"rolling\" within the BJJ community) and live drilling play a major role in training. Since its inception in 1882, its parent art of judo was separated from older systems of Japanese jujutsu by an important difference that was passed on to Brazilian jiu-jitsu. It is not solely a martial art; it is also a sport, a method for promoting physical fitness and building character in young people, and ultimately a way of life. Geo Omori opened the first jiu-jitsu / judo school in Brazil in 1909. He taught a number of individuals including Luiz França. Later, Mitsuyo Maeda was one of five of the Kodokan's top groundwork (newaza) experts that judo's founder Kano Jigoro sent overseas to demonstrate and spread his art to the world. Maeda had trained first in sumo as a teenager, and after the interest generated by stories about the success of Kodokan Judo at contests with other jujutsu schools that were occurring at the time, became a student of Jigoro Kano. Maeda left Japan in 1904 and visited a number of countries giving \"jiu-do\" demonstrations and accepting challenges from wrestlers, boxers, savate fighters and various other martial artists before eventually arriving in Brazil on November 14, 1914. Gastão Gracie was a business partner of the \"American Circus\" in Belém. In 1916, Italian Argentine circus Queirolo Brothers staged shows there and presented Maeda. In 1917 Carlos Gracie, the eldest son of Gastão Gracie, watched a demonstration by Maeda at the Da Paz Theatre and decided to learn judo. Maeda accepted Carlos as a student and Carlos learned for a few years, eventually passing his knowledge on to his brothers. Gracie's version is that sibling Hélio Gracie gradually further developed Gracie Jiu Jitsu as a softer, pragmatic adaptation from judo that focused on ground fighting, as he was unable to perform many judo moves that require direct opposition to an opponent's strength. Although the Gracie family is typically synonymous with BJJ, another prominent lineage started from Maeda via another Brazilian disciple, Luiz França. This lineage had been represented particularly by Oswaldo Fadda. Fadda and his students were famous for the influential use of footlocks and the lineage still survives through Fadda's links with today's teams such as Nova União and Grappling Fight Team. \"Jiu-Jitsu\" is an older romanization that was the original spelling of the art in the West, and it is still in common use; the modern Hepburn romanization of 柔術 is \"jūjutsu\". When Maeda left Japan, judo was still often referred to as \"Kano jiu-jitsu\", or, even more generically, simply as \"jiu-jitsu\". Higashi, the co-author of \"Kano Jiu-Jitsu\" wrote in the foreword: Outside Japan, however, this distinction was noted even less. Thus, when Maeda and Satake arrived in Brazil in 1914, every newspaper announced their art as being \"jiu-jitsu\" despite both men being Kodokan judoka. It was not until 1925 that the Japanese government itself officially mandated that the correct name for the martial art taught in the Japanese public schools should be \"judo\" rather than \"jujutsu\". In Brazil, the art is still called \"jiu-jitsu\". When the Gracies went to the United States to spread their art, they used the terms \"Brazilian jiu-jitsu\" and \"Gracie Jiu-Jitsu\" to differentiate from the already present styles using similar-sounding names. In a 1994 interview with Yoshinori Nishi, Hélio Gracie said, that he didn't even know the word of judo itself, until the sport came in the 1950s to Brazil, because he heard that Mitsuyo Maeda called his style \"jiu-jitsu\". The art is sometimes referred to as Gracie Jiu-Jitsu (GJJ), this name was trademarked by Rorion Gracie, but after a legal dispute with his cousin Carley Gracie, his trademark to the name was voided. Other members of the Gracie family often call their style by personalized names, such as Charles Gracie Jiu-Jitsu or Renzo Gracie Jiu-Jitsu, and similarly, the Machado family call their style Machado Jiu-Jitsu (MJJ). While each style and its instructors have their own unique aspects, they are all basic variations of Brazilian jiu-jitsu. Today there are four major branches of BJJ from Brazil: Gracie Humaita, Gracie Barra, Carlson Gracie Jiu-Jitsu and Alliance Jiu Jitsu. Each branch can trace its roots back to Mitsuyo Maeda via Donato Pires Dos Reis, and then through Gracie family or Oswaldo Fadda. The vast similarity to the original Kodokan Judo, widely practiced before Judo became part of the Olympics, and still practiced in lesser extent, as well as some similarity to earlier ryu (schools) Ju-Jitsu, coupled with evidence that the Brazilians didn't actually create any fundamental innovations in the art, has led some practitioners to suggest that Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu should actually be simply called Jiu-Jitsu or even Kosen Judo. There were changes in the rules of sport judo after judo was introduced to Brazil. Some rule changes were sought to enhance it as a spectator sport, and some for improved safety. Several of these rule changes have greatly de-emphasised the groundwork aspects of judo, and others have reduced the range of joint locks allowed and when they can be applied. Brazilian jiu-jitsu did not follow these changes to judo rules (and there is no evidence that some of the rules were ever used, such as the win by pin/osaekomi or by throw), and this divergence has given it a distinct identity as a grappling art, while still being recognizably related to judo. Other factors that have contributed towards the stylistic divergence of BJJ from sport judo include the Gracies' desire to create a national martial art, the influence of Brazilian culture, and the Gracies' emphasis on full-contact fighting. Spinal locks and cervical locks are completely forbidden from Gi Jiu Jitsu, amateur MMA, multiple forms of no Gi Jiu Jitsu, Judo, and other martial arts, due to potential to cause serious bodily injury. BJJ permits all the techniques that judo allows for the fighters to take the fight to the ground. These include judo's scoring throws as well as judo's non-scoring techniques that it refers to as \"skillful takedowns\" (such as the flying armbar). BJJ also allows any and all takedowns from wrestling, sambo, or any other grappling arts including direct attempts to take down by touching the legs. BJJ also differs from judo in that it also allows a competitor to drag his opponent to the ground, and even to drop to the ground himself provided he has first taken a grip. Early Kodokan judo was similarly open in its rules (even permitting an athlete to simply sit on the mat at the beginning of a match), but has since become increasingly restrictive in comparison. BJJ has also become more sports oriented and has eliminated",
"that judo allows for the fighters to take the fight to the ground. These include judo's scoring throws as well as judo's non-scoring techniques that it refers to as \"skillful takedowns\" (such as the flying armbar). BJJ also allows any and all takedowns from wrestling, sambo, or any other grappling arts including direct attempts to take down by touching the legs. BJJ also differs from judo in that it also allows a competitor to drag his opponent to the ground, and even to drop to the ground himself provided he has first taken a grip. Early Kodokan judo was similarly open in its rules (even permitting an athlete to simply sit on the mat at the beginning of a match), but has since become increasingly restrictive in comparison. BJJ has also become more sports oriented and has eliminated techniques such as picking up an opponent from the guard and slamming him. In 1972, Carley Gracie moved to the United States to teach and was followed in 1978 by Rorion Gracie who created the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) in 1993. Jiu-Jitsu came to international prominence in the martial arts community, when Brazilian jiu-jitsu expert Royce Gracie won the first, second and fourth Ultimate Fighting Championships, which at the time were single elimination martial arts tournaments. Royce fought against often much larger opponents who were practicing other styles, including boxing, shoot-fighting, muay thai, karate, wrestling, and taekwondo. It has since become a staple art for many MMA fighters and is largely credited for bringing widespread attention to the importance of ground fighting. Sport BJJ tournaments continue to grow in popularity worldwide and have given rise to no-gi submission grappling tournaments, such as the ADCC Submission Wrestling World Championship and NAGA, the North American Grappling Association. Upholding the premise that most of the advantage of a larger, stronger opponent comes from superior reach and more powerful strikes, both of which are mitigated when grappling on the ground, Brazilian jiu-jitsu emphasizes getting an opponent to the ground in order to use ground fighting techniques and submission holds involving joint-locks and chokeholds. A more precise way of describing this would be to say that on the ground, physical strength can be offset or enhanced by an experienced grappler who knows how to maximize force using mechanical advantage instead of pure physical strength. BJJ permits a wide variety of techniques to take the fight to the ground after taking a grip. While other combat sports, such as Judo and Wrestling, almost always use a takedown to bring an opponent to the ground, in BJJ one option is to \"pull guard.\" This entails obtaining some grip on the opponent and then bringing the fight or match onto the mat by sitting straight down or by jumping and wrapping the legs around the opponent. Once the opponent is on the ground, a number of maneuvers (and counter-maneuvers) are available to manipulate the opponent into a suitable position for the application of a submission technique. Achieving a dominant position on the ground is one of the hallmarks of the BJJ style, and includes effective use of the guard (a signature position of BJJ) position to defend oneself from bottom (using both submissions and sweeps, with sweeps leading to the possibility of dominant position or an opportunity to pass the guard), and passing the guard to dominate from top position with side control, mount, and back mount positions. This system of maneuvering and manipulation can be likened to a form of kinetic chess when used by two experienced practitioners. A submission hold is the equivalent of checkmate in the sport, reflecting a disadvantage which would be extremely difficult to overcome in a fight (such as a dislocated joint or unconsciousness). Renzo Gracie wrote in his book \"Mastering Jiu-jitsu\": The book details Maeda's theory as arguing that physical combat could be broken down into distinct phases, such as the striking phase, the grappling phase, the ground phase, etc. Thus, it was a smart fighter's task to keep the fight located in the phase of combat best suited to his own strengths. Renzo Gracie stated that this was a fundamental influence on the Gracie approach to combat, these strategies were further developed over time by the Gracies and others, and became prominent in contemporary MMA. BJJ is most strongly differentiated from other martial arts by its greater emphasis on ground fighting. Commonly, striking-based styles spend almost no time on groundwork. Even other grappling martial arts tend to spend much more time on the standing phase. It is helpful to contrast its rules with Olympic judo's greater emphasis on throws, due to both its radically different point-scoring system, and the absence of most of the judo rules that cause the competitors to have to recommence in a standing position. This has led to greater time dedicated to training on the ground similar to that of Kosen Judo, resulting in enhancement and new research of groundwork techniques by BJJ practitioners. Along with BJJ's strengths on the ground comes its relative underemphasis of standing techniques, such as striking. To remedy this comparative lack, there is an emphasis on take-downs and cross-training between BJJ, wrestling, judo, and sambo, as well as striking based arts such as boxing, karate, taekwondo, Muay Thai, and kickboxing. Sport BJJ focus on submissions without the use of strikes while training allows practitioners to practice at full speed and with full power, resembling the effort used in a real competition. Training methods include technique drills in which techniques are practiced against a non-resisting partner; isolation sparring, commonly referred to as positional drilling, where only a certain technique or sets of techniques are used, and full sparring in which each opponent tries to submit their opponent using any legal technique. Physical conditioning is also an important part of training at many clubs. The Gracie family focuses on real-world applications for BJJ. While other businesses and companies tend to focus on the sporting aspect of BJJ, the Gracie's maintain a strict way of training that is primarily self-defense. They will often run reflex development drills in which one person is surrounded by a circle of other students who will attempt to attack the defending student, who in turn must defend themselves using \"street\" Jiu-jitsu techniques. The student will often be unable to see the aggressor to simulate an attack that they weren't expecting. During the ground phase of combat, the BJJ practitioner strives to take a dominant or controlling position from which to apply submissions. These positions provide different options. In side control, the practitioner pins his opponent to the ground from the side of his body. The dominant grappler lies across the opponent with weight applied to the opponent's chest. The opponent may be further controlled by pressure on either side of the shoulders and hips from the practitioner's elbows, shoulders, and knees. A wide variety of submissions are initiated from side control. It is also referred to as the side mount. Additionally, the typical side mount increases opportunity for the dominant grappler to advance to a more dominant and less used type of side control known as the mounted crucifix position. In this position, the dominant grappler has his body at the very top of the opponent's torso, one arm controlled between both of the top grappler's arms, and the other arm trapped between the legs. This position is most used in MMA as it allows the dominant fighter to strike whilst taking away their opponents defence. Submission options are limited however and so this position is rarely used in BJJ competition. Variants of the side control include Twister Side Control (popularized by Eddie Bravo), Brazilian Crossbody, Kesa Gatame, \"Wrestler Pin\" and knee mount. In the mount position, the practitioner",
"Additionally, the typical side mount increases opportunity for the dominant grappler to advance to a more dominant and less used type of side control known as the mounted crucifix position. In this position, the dominant grappler has his body at the very top of the opponent's torso, one arm controlled between both of the top grappler's arms, and the other arm trapped between the legs. This position is most used in MMA as it allows the dominant fighter to strike whilst taking away their opponents defence. Submission options are limited however and so this position is rarely used in BJJ competition. Variants of the side control include Twister Side Control (popularized by Eddie Bravo), Brazilian Crossbody, Kesa Gatame, \"Wrestler Pin\" and knee mount. In the mount position, the practitioner sits astride the opponent's chest, controlling the opponent with his bodyweight and hips. In the strongest form of this position, the practitioner works his knees into the opponent's armpits to reduce arm movements and ability to move or counter the submission attempts. Full Mount can be used to apply armlocks or chokes. When using the back mount (often known in Brazilian jiu-jitsu as the \"back grab\" or \"attacking the back\"), the practitioner attaches to the back of the opponent by wrapping his legs around and hooking the opponent's thighs with his heels *note, the term back mount usually refers to a normal mount with the bottom person on their stomach instead of their back. or locking in a body triangle by crossing one shin across the waist like a belt then placing the back of the opposing knee over the instep as if finishing a triangle choke. Simultaneously, the upper body is controlled by wrapping the arms around the chest or neck of the opponent. This position is often used to apply chokeholds, and counters much of the benefit an opponent may have from greater size or strength. In the Guard, the practitioner is on his back controlling an opponent with his legs. The practitioner pushes and pulls with the legs or feet to upset the balance and limit the movements of his opponent. This position comes into play often when an opponent manages to place the practitioner upon his back and the practitioner seeks the best position possible to launch counter-attacks. This is a very versatile position from which the BJJ practitioner can attempt to sweep (reverse) the opponent, get back to the feet, or apply a variety of joint locks as well as various chokes. The three main types of guard are Closed Guard, Half Guard, and Open Guard. In closed guard, the bottom grappler has his legs around the opponent's trunk, and ankles closed together to provide control and a barrier to escaping the position. The closed guard is a very powerful guard seen often in MMA style tournaments because of the amount of control it gives the bottom fighter and lack of necessity for grips to control top opponent and block his strikes. This guard allows many setups for submissions such as jointlocks and chokes as well as great opportunities for reversing the opponent into the very dominant fully mounted position. In the open guard, the legs are not hooked together and the bottom grappler uses his legs or feet to push or pull in a more dynamic fashion. There are many variations of open guard with distinct names and positioning including the Butterfly Guard, De La Riva Guard, X-Guard, Spider Guard, Lapel Guard, and even the newly emerging Worm Guard made popular by Keenan Cornelius. Butterfly guard is when the bottom grappler brings his legs up and feet together against the inner thighs of top opponent. The name is derived from the resulting butterfly wing shape. Butterfly guard increases both space to maneuver and the ability counter the opponent with the shins or arches of the feet against the competitor's inner thighs. In the half guard, one of the top grappler's legs is controlled by the bottom grappler's legs, blocking the top opponent from achieving the side control or full mount positions. There is also a variant of Half-Guard called 50/50 Guard, which consist of each opponent usually in sitting positions with one of their legs hooking the same leg of their opponent in a mirrored fashion. This position is called 50/50, because neither opponent has a distinct advantage with both sides have the same possibilities of sweeps and attacks. Additionally, closely related to half guard, is a position called deep half guard. One is in a position where one's shoulder is in close contact with the opponents leg, establishing control through the grasping of the leg, with one's head positioned closely near the opponent or training partner's groin. This gives the individual on the ground the opportunity to sweep one's opponent, and end up on a more dominant, top position, as made famous by American BJJ Black Belt, Jeff Glover. The majority of submission holds can be grouped into two broad categories: joint locks and chokes. Joint locks typically involve isolating an opponent's limb and creating a lever with the body position which will force the joint to move past its normal range of motion. Pressure is increased in a controlled manner and released if the opponent cannot escape the hold and signals defeat by submitting. Opponents can indicate submission verbally or they can \"tap out\" by tapping the opponent or the mat. (Tapping one's own body is dangerous because the opponent may not be able to tell if his or her opponent is tapping.) A choke hold, by disrupting the blood supply to the brain, can cause unconsciousness if the opponent does not submit soon enough. A less common type of submission hold is a compression lock, where the muscle of an opponent is compressed against a hard, large bone (commonly the shin or wrist), causing significant pain to the opponent. These types of locks are not usually allowed in competition due to the high risk of tearing muscle tissue. This type of lock often also hyper-extends the joint in the opposite direction, pulling it apart. While many joint locks are permitted, most competitions ban or restrict some or all joint locks involving the knees, ankles, and spine. The reason for this is that the angles of manipulation required to cause pain are nearly the same as those that would cause serious injury. Joint locks that require a twisting motion of the knee (called twisting knee locks or twisting knee bars, or techniques such as heel hooks, and toe holds) are usually banned in competitions because successfully completing the move nearly always results in permanent damage that requires surgery. Similarly, joint manipulations of the spine are typically barred due to the inherent danger of crushing or misaligning cervical vertebrae. Leglocks are allowed in varying degrees depending on skill level, with the most prominent BJJ tournaments typically allowing only the straight ankle lock and muscle stretching submissions such as the banana split at white through purple belt, with the kneebar, toehold, and calf slicer submissions being permitted at brown and black belt. Most competitions do not allow heel hooks, which are considered to be exceptionally dangerous to competitors. However, most joint locks involving the wrist, elbow, shoulder or ankle are permitted as there is a great deal more flexibility in those joints and those locks are safe to use under tournament conditions. Joint locks include Armbars, Kimuras, Americanas, straight-arm lock, Omoplata, and other shoulder locks. Also, some fighters practice moves whose sole purpose is to inflict pain upon their opponent, in the hope that they will tap out. This includes driving knuckles into pressure points, holding their opponent's head in order to tire out the neck (called the \"can opener\" or kubi-hishigi) and putting body weight on top of the sternum, floating ribs, or similarly sensitive bones. These moves are not true submission moves; they are generally only used as distractions mostly in lower levels of competition. They are",
"involving the wrist, elbow, shoulder or ankle are permitted as there is a great deal more flexibility in those joints and those locks are safe to use under tournament conditions. Joint locks include Armbars, Kimuras, Americanas, straight-arm lock, Omoplata, and other shoulder locks. Also, some fighters practice moves whose sole purpose is to inflict pain upon their opponent, in the hope that they will tap out. This includes driving knuckles into pressure points, holding their opponent's head in order to tire out the neck (called the \"can opener\" or kubi-hishigi) and putting body weight on top of the sternum, floating ribs, or similarly sensitive bones. These moves are not true submission moves; they are generally only used as distractions mostly in lower levels of competition. They are avoided or aggressively countered in middle to upper levels of competition. Chokes and strangles (commonly referred to as \"air chokes\" and \"blood chokes\") are common forms of submission. In BJJ, the chokes that are used put pressure on the carotid arteries, and may also apply pressure to the nerve baroreceptors in the neck. This kind of choke is very fast acting (if done properly) with victims typically losing consciousness in around 3–5 seconds. In contrast, an air choke (involving constriction of the windpipe) can take up to two minutes, depending on how long the person can hold their breath, and may cause serious damage to the throat. The Brazilian jiu-jitsu practitioner's uniform is similar to a judogi, but often with tighter cuffs on the pants and jacket. This allows the practitioner to benefit from a closer fit, providing less material for an opponent to manipulate, although there is a significant overlap in the standards that allows for a carefully selected gi to be legal for competition in both styles. Traditionally, to be promoted in Brazilian jiu-jitsu, the wearing of the jiu-jitsugi while training is a requirement. Recently with the growing popularity of \"no gi\" Brazilian jiu-jitsu, the practice of giving out belts to no gi practitioners (e.g., Rolles Gracie awarding Rashad Evans a black belt) has become more common. The term \"kimono\" is sometimes used to describe the outfit, especially in Brazil. The Brazilian jiu-jitsu ranking system awards a practitioner different colored belts to signify increasing levels of technical knowledge and practical skill. While the system's structure shares its origins with the judo ranking system and the origins of all colored belts, it now contains many of its own unique aspects and themes. Some of these differences are relatively minor, such as the division between youth and adult belts and the stripe/degree system. Others are quite distinct and have become synonymous with the art, such as a marked informality in promotional criteria, including as a focus on a competitive demonstration of skill, and a conservative approach to promotion in general. Traditionally, the concept of competitive skill demonstration as a quickened and earned route of promotion holds true. Some schools have placed a green belt for adults between the white and blue belt ranks due to the long periods between advancement. In addition, the use of a grey belt has been instituted for many children's programs to signal progress between the white and yellow belt rankings. Unlike in some martial arts such as judo and karate, a black belt in Brazilian jiu-jitsu commonly takes more than several years to earn, and the rank is generally considered expert level. The amount of time it takes to achieve the rank of black belt varies between the practitioner. Some notable individuals who had previous backgrounds in other martial arts have been promoted directly to black belt rank without going through any intermediate rank. Others have achieved the rank in relatively short timeframes. Outside of exceptions such as these, the average timeframe is around 10 years with a consistent training schedule. However, Ryron Gracie (grandson/grandnephew of founders Hélio and Carlos Gracie) has stated that the average of 10–12 years is longer than necessary, suggesting that the ego of the practitioner often hinders progress, and advancement to black belt should take 7 years. Since its inception in Brazil, the various Jiu-Jitsu forms have had many registered federations and tournament organizers calling themselves federations. The first Jiu-Jitsu Federation was the Jiu-Jitsu Federation of Guanabara that with time stayed as a regional federation of Rio de Janeiro while many others were founded. Among the most prestigious of the many federations are the Sport Jiu Jitsu International Federation (SJJIF), a nonprofit organization with federations and tournaments around the globe with the mission of making Jiu-Jitsu an Olympic sport, and the International Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Federation, a profit organization that hosts a number of tournaments. While there are numerous local and regional tournaments administered regularly by private individuals and academies, there are two major entities in the jiu-jitsu sub culture. First, is the Sport Jiu Jitsu International Federation (SJJIF), a (nonprofit) organization with federations and tournaments all around the globe. Second, is the International Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Federation (IBJJF), an organization that hosts a number of major tournaments worldwide. These include the Pan American Championship, European Championship, and the Mundials. California, New York, and Texas are the three states in the US which host tournaments most frequently. Other promotions within North America, such as Battleground Grappling Championship, American Grappling Federation (AGF), North American BJJ Federation (NABJJF), and North American Grappling Association (NAGA) host tournaments nationwide, but visit these states multiple times within a tournament season. Another tournament to spring from the founding Gracie lineage is the Gracie Nationals or Gracie Worlds. Started by Rose Gracie, daughter of Ultimate Fighting Championship creator and Brazilian jiu-jitsu grandmaster Rorion Gracie. Founded in 2007, Gracie Nationals/Worlds mimicked other respected tournaments at the time, implementing a points system to score victories. In 2012, the Gracie Worlds introduced a new submission-only format, removing subjective judging opinions and what many see as an outdated scoring system. Rose spoke candidly about this change when she said, \"Today's tournaments aren't what my grandfather [Helio Gracie] envisioned. There's so many rules that it takes away from the actual art of jiu-jitsu. We don't see many submissions. We see cheating, we see decisions made by a referee. We need to stand together against this and support a submission only kind of revolution.\" Cheating in jiu-jitsu, Rose said, comes in many forms. \"[A competitor] will earn a point, then hold for the entire match so they can win with that one little advantage they got at the start,\" Rose said. \"That's not jiu-jitsu. That's cheating.\" This discontent with points-based and advantage-style competition has been echoed throughout the jiu-jitsu community, leading to many prominent submission-only style events. The winner of a match is determined only by submission. Tournament format can have no time limit, or be timed with a result of double disqualification if there is no submission victory. This tournament style has yet to establish itself as something that the general competitor field demands, but it is slowly gaining popularity. Metamoris, a grappling competition event run by Rose's brother Ralek Gracie, has helped push this niche into a bit more prominence. Another notable example of a submission-only format is the EBI (Eddie Bravo Invitational), which was the first televised event of its kind, and is now being featured on UFC Fight Pass. Other submission-only events have cropped up all over the world including TUFF invitational and Polaris Pro and many others. Brazilian Jiu Jitsu is one of the safest martial arts for",
"only by submission. Tournament format can have no time limit, or be timed with a result of double disqualification if there is no submission victory. This tournament style has yet to establish itself as something that the general competitor field demands, but it is slowly gaining popularity. Metamoris, a grappling competition event run by Rose's brother Ralek Gracie, has helped push this niche into a bit more prominence. Another notable example of a submission-only format is the EBI (Eddie Bravo Invitational), which was the first televised event of its kind, and is now being featured on UFC Fight Pass. Other submission-only events have cropped up all over the world including TUFF invitational and Polaris Pro and many others. Brazilian Jiu Jitsu is one of the safest martial arts for practitioners: the injury rate is around 9.2-38.6 per 1000 athlete exposures. This is lower than in mixed martial arts (236-286 per 1000), boxing (210-420 per 1000), judo (25.3-130.6) and taekwondo (20.5-139.5). It is similar to wrestling which also uses grappling instead of striking; the few injuries that may be incurred in Brazilian Jiu Jitsu usually affect the joints and rarely the head. The most common injuries Brazilian Jiu Jitsu practitioners suffer from are ACL tears in the knees, rotator cuff tears in the shoulders and spinal disc herniations, most commonly in the neck region. They are all repairable via surgery that has an extended rehab period before the athlete can return to BJJ training. Also many athletes suffer from minor injuries, such as elbow and wrist tendonitis, due to overtraining and the grappling nature of the martial art, which can be strenuous and taxing for the joints and the tendons. Besides the normal strains and pulls associated with most martial arts, Brazilian jiu-jitsu practitioners (along with Wrestlers, Judoka, and other grapplers ) are exposed to regular skin abrasions and potential unsanitary mat conditions. They are thus at higher risk for developing skin disease. Several commonly contracted skin diseases include ringworm, impetigo, herpes gladiatorum, and staph infection. Proper hygiene practices, including regular cleaning of classroom mats, showering immediately after class with soap, disinfecting and covering any open wounds, thorough cleaning of any gi/rashguard/headgear used before the next class, not sharing used towels/uniforms, and using a barrier cream greatly reduces the chance of contracting a disease. Due to the use of the head to maintain position and attack in jiu-jitsu, the ears can easily be damaged and begin to swell. Without immediate medical treatment, the cartilage in a swollen ear will separate from the perichondrium that supplies its nutrients and will become permanently swollen/deformed (cauliflower ear). The use of wrestling headgear is sometimes used for prevention of this condition. Treatment includes draining the hematoma or surgery. The practice of taking performance-enhancing drugs, including anabolic steroids, is believed to be relatively commonplace in sport jiu-jitsu tournaments and has sparked letters and public statements by some of jiu-jitsu's top competitors, including Comprido and Caio Terra, regarding the matter. In response, the IBJJF began testing for performance-enhancing drugs at IBJJF sponsored events, starting with the 2013 Pan American Championship. A spinal lock is a multiple joint lock applied to the spinal column, which is performed by forcing the spine beyond its normal ranges of motion. This is typically done by bending or twisting the head or upper body into abnormal positions. Commonly, spinal locks might strain the spinal musculature or result in a mild spinal sprain, while a forcefully and/or suddenly applied spinal lock may cause severe ligament damage or damage to the vertebrae, and possibly result in serious spinal cord injury, strokes, or death. Spinal locks and cervical locks are completely forbidden from Gi Jiu Jitsu, amateur MMA, multiple forms of No Gi Jiu Jitsu, Judo, and other martial arts. Due to its illegal nature and express purpose to cause serious, irrevocable bodily injury, paralysis, and death, its use both inside and outside of the gym can constitute aggravated assault. The forceful application of chokes such as the Rear Naked Choke and subsequent cranking of the neck whilst being choked can potentially lead to arterial dissection, which could lead to stroke. Due care should be exercised when applying these chokes in sparring situations. International Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Federation world champions include the following: Brazilian jiu-jitsu Brazilian jiu-jitsu (; , , ) (BJJ; ) is a martial art and combat sport system that focuses on grappling with particular emphasis on ground fighting. Brazilian jiu-jitsu was formed from Kodokan judo ground fighting (newaza) fundamentals that were taught by a number of Japanese individuals including Takeo Yano, Mitsuyo Maeda, Soshihiro Satake, and Isao Okano. Brazilian jiu-jitsu eventually came to be its own combat sport when mainstream"
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"Alan Porter Porter's Major League umpiring debut was in early 2010 and he umpired a total of 35 major league games that season. He returned in 2011 to officiate in 121 big league games. Porter was hired to the full-time MLB staff in January 2013. Porter was the home plate umpire for Jordan Zimmermann's (Washington Nationals) no-hitter against the Miami Marlins on the last day of the 2014 regular season. Porter's first postseason assignment was the 2014 NLDS between the St. Louis Cardinals and the Los Angeles Dodgers. Porter later served as the right field umpire in the 2015 MLB All-Star Game in Cincinnati. On August 15, 2010, Porter was forced to leave a Houston Astros – Pittsburgh Pirates game in which he was serving as the home plate umpire after he was struck on the head by Carlos Lee's bat while Lee was following through with his swing. Porter is married to his wife Allison, and they have two sons Alan III (Trey) and Alexander. Alan Porter Porter's Major League umpiring debut was in early 2010 and he umpired a total of 35 major league games that season. He returned in 2011 to officiate in 121 big league games."
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"Audrey Munson Audrey Marie Munson (June 8, 1891 – February 20, 1996) was an American artist's model and film actress, considered \"America's First Supermodel,\" and variously known as \"Miss Manhattan\", the \"Panama–Pacific Girl\", the \"Exposition Girl\" and \"American Venus\". She was the model or inspiration for more than 12 statues in New York City and was the first American movie star to appear fully nude in film, in \"Inspiration\" (1915), appearing in four silent films. Audrey Marie Munson was born in Rochester, New York, on June 8, 1891. Her father was from Mexico, New York, and she later lived there. Her parents, Edgar Munson and Katherine \"Kittie\" Mahaney, divorced when she was eight, and Audrey and her mother moved to Providence, Rhode Island. In 1909, when she was 17 years old, Audrey Munson moved to New York with her mother to become an actress and chorus girl. Her first role on Broadway was as a \"footman\" in \"The Boy and The Girl\" at the Aerial Garden, which ran from May 31-June 19, 1909. She also appeared in \"The Girl and the Wizard\", \"Girlies\" and \"La Belle Paree\". While window-shopping on Fifth Avenue with her mother, she was spotted by photographer Felix Benedict Herzog, who asked her to pose for him at his studio in the Lincoln Arcade Building on Broadway and 65th Street. Herzog introduced her to his friends in the art world, and she began to pose for numerous artists. It was the sculptor Isidore Konti who first persuaded her to pose nude, using her as his model for the three figures in his \"Three Graces\" for the new Grand Ballroom at the Hotel Astor in Times Square. For the next decade, Munson became the model of choice for a host of sculptors and painters in New York. According to \"The Sun\" in 1913, \"Over a hundred artists agree that if the name of Miss Manhattan belongs to anyone in particular it is to this young woman.\" By 1915, she was so well established that she became Alexander Stirling Calder's model of choice for the Panama–Pacific International Exposition held that year. She posed for three-fifths of the sculpture created for the event and earned fame as the \"Panama–Pacific Girl\". Her newfound celebrity helped launch her career in the nascent film industry and she starred in four silent films. In the first, \"Inspiration\" (1915), the story of a sculptor's model, she appeared fully nude, the first woman to do so in an American motion picture. The censors were reluctant to ban the film, fearing they would also have to ban Renaissance art. Munson's films were a box office success, although the critics were divided. The studio hired a lookalike named Jane Thomas to do Munson's acting scenes, while Munson did the scenes where she posed nude. Her second film, \"Purity\" (1916), made in Santa Barbara, California, is the only one of her films to survive, being rediscovered in 1993 in a \"pornography\" collection in France and acquired by the French national cinema archive. Her third film, \"The Girl o' Dreams\", also made in Santa Barbara, was completed by the fall of 1916 and was copyrighted on December 31, 1918, but appears never to have been released. Munson returned to the East Coast by train via Syracuse in December 1916 and became involved with high society in New York and Newport, Rhode Island. Her mother insisted she marry \"Comstock Lode\" silver heir Hermann Oelrichs Jr., then the richest bachelor in America, but there is no record of Audrey Munson's making this claim herself. On January 27, 1919, she wrote a rambling letter to the US State Department denouncing Hermann Oelrichs Jr. as part of a pro-German network that had driven her out of the movie business. She said she planned to abandon the United States to restart her movie career in England. At the time, Audrey Munson was living with her mother in a boarding house at 164 West 65th Street, Manhattan, owned by Dr. Walter Wilkins. Wilkins fell in love with Munson and murdered his wife, Julia, so he could be available for marriage. Munson and her mother left New York, and the police sought them for questioning. After a nationwide hunt, they were located. They refused to return to New York, but were questioned by agents from the Burns Detective Agency in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The contents of the affidavits they supplied have never been revealed, but Audrey Munson strongly denied she had any romantic relationship with Dr. Wilkins. Wilkins was tried, found guilty, and sentenced to the electric chair. He hanged himself in his prison cell before the sentence could be carried out. By 1920, Munson, unable to find work anywhere, was living in Syracuse, New York, supported by her mother, who sold kitchen utensils door to door. In February 1921, agent-producer Allan Rock took out advertisements showing a $27,500 check he said he had paid Munson to star in a fourth film titled \"Heedless Moths\". She later said the $27,500 check was just a \"publicity stunt,\" and she filed suit against Allan Rock. The 1921 film was based on her life story, which was then being serialized in dozens of newspapers, and on short stories and other articles she had written for \"Hearst's Sunday Magazine\". In the series of twenty articles that recounted her life story, she asked the reader to imagine her future: On May 27, 1922, Munson attempted suicide by swallowing a solution of bichloride of mercury. On June 8, 1931, her mother petitioned a judge to commit her to a lunatic asylum. The Oswego County judge ordered Munson be admitted into a psychiatric facility for treatment. She remained in the St. Lawrence State Hospital for the Insane in Ogdensburg, where she was treated for depression and schizophrenia, for 65 years, until her death at the age of 104. For decades, she had no visitors at all, but she was rediscovered in the asylum by a half-niece, Darlene Bradley, in 1984, when Munson was 93. Munson died February 20, 1996 at the age of 104. She was buried without a gravestone of her own in the Munson family plot in New Haven Cemetery, New Haven, New York until 2016, 20 years after her death when her family decided to add a simple tombstone for what would have been her 125th birthday. Decades after her career ended, she was sufficiently famous to serve as the subject of an anecdote in a memoir that P.G. Wodehouse and Guy Bolton wrote of their years on Broadway, \"Bring on the Girls!\" (1953), though that memoir is considered more fiction than fact by Wodehouse's biographer. The four films in which Munson appeared were thought to have been lost until a copy of \"Purity\" (1916) was recovered in France. Informational notes Citations Bibliography Audrey Munson Audrey Marie Munson (June 8, 1891 – February 20, 1996) was an American artist's model and film actress, considered \"America's First Supermodel,\" and variously known as \"Miss Manhattan\", the \"Panama–Pacific Girl\", the \"Exposition Girl\" and \"American Venus\". She was the model or inspiration for more than 12 statues in New York City and was the first American movie star to appear fully nude in film, in"
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"Oakland Southwest Airport Oakland Southwest Airport is a county-owned public-use airport in Oakland County, Michigan, United States. It is located one nautical mile (1.85 km) southwest of the central business district of New Hudson. The airport is uncontrolled, and is used for general aviation purposes. It is included in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2017–2021, in which it is categorized as a local reliever airport facility. The airport opened in 1946 and was formerly known as New Hudson Airport. It was acquired by Oakland County in August 2003. Oakland Southwest Airport covers an area of at an elevation of 926 feet (282 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 08-26 with an asphalt surface measuring 3,128 by 40 feet (953 x 12 m). For the 12-month period ending December 31, 2008, the airport had 9,780 general aviation aircraft operations, an average of 26 per day. At that time there were 60 aircraft based at this airport: 93% single-engine, 5% multi-engine and 2% glider. Oakland Southwest Airport Oakland Southwest Airport is a county-owned public-use airport in Oakland County, Michigan, United States. It is located one nautical mile (1.85 km) southwest of"
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"Royal School of Signals The Royal School of Signals is a military training establishment that is part of the United Kingdom's Defence School of Communications and Information Systems. It is located at Blandford Camp in Dorset. The soldiers and officers who are attending courses at the School are assigned to the 11th Signal Regiment, the training regiment of the Royal Corps of Signals. The School was founded in 1869 at Chatham in Kent as the Signal Wing of the Royal School of Military Engineering. It moved to Houghton Regis in Bedfordshire in 1915, Maresfield Park in Sussex in 1920, Catterick Camp in North Yorkshire in 1925 and Blandford Camp in Dorset in 1967. It became the Royal School of Signals in 1992. The School trains the officers and soldiers of the Royal Corps of Signals, together with signallers and computer specialists from across the British Army. Students also come from the Royal Navy and the Royal Air Force. The School also features the home of the Cadet Forces Signals Training Team (CFSTT) which offers several week-long residential Signals courses each year to both cadet and adult members of the Army Cadet Force, Combined Cadet Force, Air Training Corps and Sea Cadet Corps, at Blandford. The Cadet Forces Signals Training Team also run several competitions for Cadet Signallers throughout the year. Whilst soldiers are at Blandford, their signals training is complemented by sport and adventurous training, based on the Physical and Recreational Training Centre which comprises indoor and outdoor climbing walls, athletics track, astroturf pitch, judo dojo, tennis courts, squash courts, weight training area and gymnasium. Off site, the School has the facilities and instructors to organise sailing, windsurfing, diving, hill walking, rock climbing, mountain biking and canoeing. Royal School of Signals The Royal School of Signals is a military training"
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"Lake Colden Lake Colden is a lake located in the Adirondack High Peaks in New York, United States. Lake Colden sits at 2764 feet (842 meters) at the western base of 4,714-foot (1,437 m) Mount Colden. To the northwest lie the MacIntyre Mountains— 5,115-foot (1,559 m) Algonquin Peak (the second highest mountain in the state), 4829-foot (1472 meter) Boundary Peak, 4,843-foot (1,476 meter) Iroquois Peak and 4,380-foot (1,335 meters) Mount Marshall. Mount Marcy is to the east. Lake Colden is fed by Avalanche Lake, to the northeast and in turn feeds Flowed Lands, to the southwest. Being in the heart of the High Peaks, the area is very popular with hikers. The New York State Department of Environmental Conservation maintains an Interior Outpost on the western shore. There are a number of campsites and lean-tos in the area. Lake Colden was named after David C. Colden in 1836; Colden was an investor in the Tahawus iron works of Archibald MacIntyre. Lake Colden Lake Colden is a lake located in the Adirondack High Peaks in New York, United States. Lake Colden sits at 2764 feet (842 meters) at the western base of 4,714-foot (1,437 m) Mount Colden. To the northwest lie"
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"Saint-Jean-Berchmans Church Saint-Jean-Berchmans Church () is a Roman Catholic church in the borough of Rosemont–La Petite-Patrie in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is located on Rosemont Boulevard, east of Papineau Avenue. Saint-Jean-Berchmans Church was built from 1938 to 1939 based on plans by Lucien Parent and René-Rodolphe Tourville. It is distinguished by a Latin cross, with nave with three aisles, and its stone cladding. The church possesses a Casavant Frères organ (opus 1620) dating from its foundation. The parish of St. John Berchmans was formed in 1908 but, because of the economic crisis, it was only thirty years later that this church was completed. In the meantime, religious services were held in a crypt. Saint-Jean-Berchmans Church Saint-Jean-Berchmans Church () is a Roman Catholic church in the borough of Rosemont–La Petite-Patrie in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is located on Rosemont Boulevard, east of Papineau Avenue. Saint-Jean-Berchmans Church was built from 1938 to 1939 based on plans by Lucien Parent and René-Rodolphe Tourville. It is distinguished by a Latin cross, with nave with three aisles, and its stone cladding. The church possesses a Casavant Frères organ (opus 1620) dating from its foundation. The parish of St. John Berchmans was formed in 1908 but,"
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"Jacob Thomas (VC) Jacob Thomas VC (1833 – 3 March 1911) was a Welsh recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. Thomas was about 24 years old, and a bombardier in the Bengal Artillery, Bengal Army during the Indian Mutiny when the following deed took place on 27 September 1857 at the Siege of Lucknow, British India for which he was awarded the VC: He later achieved the rank of quartermaster-sergeant. He was born in Llanwinio near Carmarthen and died near Darjeeling aged 77. His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Royal Artillery Museum, Woolwich, England. Jacob Thomas (VC) Jacob Thomas VC (1833 – 3 March 1911) was a Welsh recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. Thomas was about 24 years old, and a bombardier in the Bengal Artillery, Bengal Army during the Indian Mutiny when the following deed took place on 27 September 1857 at the Siege of Lucknow, British India for which he was awarded"
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"Trapania reticulata Trapania reticulata is a species of sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Goniodorididae\". This species was described from the Great Barrier Reef. It has also been reported from the Andaman Sea and Milne Bay, Papua New Guinea which suggests a wide distribution in the central Indo-Pacific region. It has also been photographed in Bali, Indonesia. This goniodorid nudibranch is translucent yellow with a reticulate pattern of brown pigment on the body, rhinophores, gills, oral tentacles and lateral papillae. The lateral papillae and the rhinophore clubs are unusually large in this species. \"Trapania reticulata\" feeds on Entoprocta which often grow on sponges and other living substrata. Trapania reticulata Trapania reticulata is a species of sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Goniodorididae\". This species was described from the Great Barrier Reef. It has also been reported from the Andaman Sea and Milne Bay, Papua New Guinea which suggests a wide distribution in the central Indo-Pacific region. It has also been photographed in Bali, Indonesia. This goniodorid nudibranch is translucent yellow with a reticulate pattern of brown pigment on the body, rhinophores, gills, oral tentacles and lateral papillae. The"
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"Cramp-ring Cramp-rings are rings anciently worn as a cure for cramp and \"falling-sickness\" or epilepsy. The legend is that the first one was presented to Edward the Confessor by a pilgrim on his return from Jerusalem, its miraculous properties being explained to the king. At his death it passed into the keeping of the abbot of Westminster, by whom it was used medically and was known as St Edwards Ring. From that time the belief grew that the successors of Edward inherited his powers, and that the rings blessed by them worked cures. Hence arose the custom for the successive sovereigns of England each year on Good Friday formally to bless a number of cramp-rings. A service was held; prayers and psalms were said; and holy water, which had been blessed in the name of the Father, Son and Holy Ghost, was poured over the rings, which were always of gold or silver, and made from the metal that the king offered to the Cross on Good Friday. The ceremony survived to the reign of Mary I, but the belief in the curative powers of similar circlets of sacred metal has lingered on even to the present day. Cramp-ring Cramp-rings"
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"Semantic parsing Semantic parsing is the task of converting a natural language utterance to a logical form: a machine-understandable representation of its meaning. Semantic parsing can thus be understood as extracting the precise meaning of an utterance. Applications of semantic parsing include machine translation, question answering and code generation. The phrase was first used in the 1970's by Yorick Wilks as the basis for machine translation programs working with only semantic representations. Shallow semantic parsing is concerned with identifying entities in an utterance and labelling them with the roles they play. Shallow semantic parsing is sometimes known as slot-filling or frame semantic parsing, since its theoretical basis comes from frame semantics, wherein a word evokes a frame of related concepts and roles. Slot-filling systems are widely used in virtual assistants in conjunction with intent classifiers, which can be seen as mechanisms for identifying the frame evoked by an utterance. Popular architectures for slot-filling are largely variants of an encoder-decoder model, wherein two recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are trained jointly to encode an utterance into a vector and to decode that vector into a sequence of slot labels. This type of model is used in the Amazon Alexa spoken language understanding system. Deep semantic parsing, also known as compositional semantic parsing, is concerned with producing precise meaning representations of utterances that can contain significant compositionality. Shallow semantic parsers can parse utterances like \"show me flights from Boston to Dallas\" by classifying the intent as \"list flights\", and filling slots \"source\" and \"destination\" with \"Boston\" and \"Dallas\", respectively. However, shallow semantic parsing cannot parse arbitrary compositional utterances, like \"show me flights from Boston to anywhere that has flights to Juneau\". Deep semantic parsing attempts to parse such utterances, typically by converting them to a formal meaning representation language. Early semantic parsers used highly domain-specific meaning representation languages, with later systems using more extensible languages like Prolog, lambda calculus, lambda dependency-based compositional semantics (λ-DCS), SQL, Python, Java, and the Alexa Meaning Representation Language. Some work has used more exotic meaning representations, like query graphs or vector representations. Most modern deep semantic parsing models are either based on defining a formal grammar for a chart parser or utilizing RNNs to directly translate from a natural language to a meaning representation language. Examples of systems built on formal grammars are the Cornell Semantic Parsing Framework, Stanford University's Semantic Parsing with Execution (SEMPRE), and the Word Alignment-based Semantic Parser (WASP). Datasets used for training statistical semantic parsing models are divided into two main classes based on application: those used for question answering via knowledge base queries, and those used for code generation. A standard dataset for question answering via semantic parsing is the Air Travel Information System (ATIS) dataset, which contains questions and commands about upcoming flights as well as corresponding SQL. Another benchmark dataset is the GeoQuery dataset which contains questions about the geography of the U.S. paired with corresponding Prolog. The Overnight dataset is used to test how well semantic parsers adapt across multiple domains; it contains natural language queries about 8 different domains paired with corresponding λ-DCS expressions. Popular datasets for code generation include two trading card datasets that link the text that appears on cards to code that precisely represents those cards. One was constructed linking card texts to Java snippets; the other by linking Hearthstone card texts to Python snippets. The IFTTT dataset uses a specialized domain-specific language with short conditional commands. The Django dataset pairs Python snippets with English and Japanese pseudocode describing them. The RoboCup dataset pairs English rules with their representations in a domain-specific language that can be understood by virtual soccer-playing robots. Semantic parsing Semantic parsing is the task of converting a natural language utterance to a logical form: a machine-understandable representation of its meaning. Semantic parsing can thus be understood as extracting the precise meaning of an utterance. Applications of semantic parsing include machine translation, question answering and code generation. The phrase was first used in the 1970's by Yorick Wilks as the basis for machine translation programs working with only semantic representations. Shallow semantic parsing is concerned with identifying entities in an utterance and labelling them with the roles they play. Shallow semantic parsing is"
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"retrieved": [
"Central Indochina dry forests The Central Indochina dry forests are a large tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests ecoregion in Southeast Asia. The ecoregion consists of an area of plateau and low river basin in Cambodia, Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam and includes: These are the drier areas of Indochina with 1,000-1,500 mm rainfall per year and a long dry season when regular fires occur in the undergrowth, some set intentionally to clear the forest or drive out wildlife for hunters. Great swathes of this ecoregion are densely populated and are used for agriculture or urban development, especially in Thailand. While some large areas do remain in northeastern Cambodia, much of the original deciduous dipterocarp forest has presently been cleared, especially in Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam. The remaining woodlands consist of a variety of types of habitat and consequently a wide range of trees and undergrowth plants. The remaining forests are home to some large mammals including Asian elephants (\"Elephas maximus\"), wild water buffalo (\"Bubalus arnee\"), Eld's deer (\"Cervus eldii\") and three species of wild cattle the gaur (\"Bos gaurus\"), the banteng (\"Bos javanicus\") and the kouprey (\"Bos sauveli\"). Large herds of these grazing animals were once widespread across the region and were preyed upon by tigers (\"Panthera tigris\"), clouded leopard (\"Felis nebulosa\"), leopards (\"Panthera pardus\") and dhole (wild dogs) (\"Cuon alpinus\"). Both loss of habitat and hunting have seriously reduced numbers of all these animals many of which are endangered with the kouprey very rare and other species such as the Javan rhinoceros (\"Rhinoceros sondaicus\"), Sumatran rhinoceros (\"Dicerorhinus sumatrensis\") and Schomburgk's deer (\"Cervus duvaucelli schomburgki\") now extinct in the region. Other mammals of the region include the pileated gibbon, two leaf monkeys (the silvery lutung and Phayre's leaf monkey), and the sun bear while there are two endemic species, both are vesper bats - the Szechwan myotis (\"Myotis altarium\") and the Chinese pipistrelle (\"Pipistrellus pulveratus\"). There are 500 species of bird in the region including the critically endangered and possibly extinct white-eyed river martin (\"Pseudochelidon sirintarae\"), the endemic grey-faced tit-babbler (\"Macronous kelleyi\") and the endangered or threatened Bengal florican (\"Eupodotis bengalensis\"), greater adjutant (\"Leptoptilos dubius\") and white-shouldered ibis (\"Pseudibis davisoni\"). Other birds of the remaining woodlands of the area include the silver pheasant (\"Lophura nycthemera\"), Siamese fireback (\"Lophura diardi\"), Mrs. Hume's pheasant (\"Syrmaticus humiae\"), grey peacock-pheasant (\"Polyplectron bicalcaratum\"), sarus crane (\"Grus antigone\"), great hornbill (\"Buceros bicornis\"), Austen's brown hornbill (\"Anorrhinus austeni\"), and wreathed hornbill (\"Aceros undulatus\"). The reptile and amphibian populations require further study but most likely include endemic species such as a critically endangered Cantor's giant soft-shelled turtle (\"Pelochelys cantorii\"), two geckos (the dtella, \"Gehyra lacerata\" and the sandstone gecko, \"Gekko petricolus\") and the Korat supple skink (\"Lygosoma koratense\"). Active preservation is required to keep large tracts of the remaining habitat intact and connected rather than being broken into small patches. This is particularly important for the survival of the remaining tiger populations in the wild. About 6% of the area is protected with the largest areas including Kulen Promtep Wildlife Sanctuary, Lomphat Wildlife Sanctuary and Phnom Prich in Cambodia and Xe Piane National Biodiversity Conservation Area in Laos. Central Indochina dry forests The Central Indochina dry forests are a large tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests ecoregion in Southeast Asia. The ecoregion consists of an area of plateau and low river basin in Cambodia, Thailand, Laos, and Vietnam and includes: These are the drier areas of Indochina with 1,000-1,500 mm rainfall per year and a long dry season when regular fires occur in the undergrowth, some set intentionally to clear the forest or drive out wildlife for hunters."
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"Judith P. Morgan Judith P. Morgan (born 1930) is a First Nations artist. A Gitksan and member of the Tsimshian First Nations, Morgan was born in the village of Kitwanga in British Columbia. Her father was a Tsimshian chief, and her mother was also descended from tribal leaders. At the Alberni Indian Residential School she met George Sinclair, who encouraged her in the development of her art; as a result, she won a two-year scholarship to Cottey College. In 1953 she married Willis O. Fitzpatrick, with whom she had five children; she returned to school, to the University of Kansas, to complete a bachelor's degree in art education in 1976. Morgan began showing her work in the mid-1940s, and it has been seen in venues throughout Canada and the United States. Among her awards are a first prize from the Pacific National Exhibition in Vancouver (1947) and another first prize from the Arts and Crafts Society Exhibition in Victoria (1948). Five of Morgan's paintings were purchased by the provincial government in 1949, and they have since been loaned and exhibited widely. Morgan returned to Kitwanga in 1983. http://www.cbc.ca/news/indigenous/gitxsan-artist-defies-assimilation-art-1.3682515 Judith P. Morgan Judith P. Morgan (born 1930) is a First Nations"
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"Government of Nepal The Government of Nepal (), or Nepal Government, is the executive body and the central government of Nepal. Prior to the abolition of the monarchy, it was officially known as His Majesty's Government (). The Head of state is the President and the Prime Minister holds the position of the Head of executive. The role of President is largely ceremonial as the functioning of the government is managed entirely by the Prime Minister who is appointed by the Parliament. The heads of constitutional bodies are appointed by the President on the recommendation of Constitutional Council, with the exception of the Attorney General, who is appointed by the President on the recommendation of Prime Minister. The character of government in Kingdom of Nepal was driven from consultative state organ of the previous Gorkha hill principality, known as Bharadar. These Bharadars were drawn from high caste and politically influential families. For instance; Thar Ghar aristocratic group in previous Gorkha hill principality. Bharadars formed consultative body in the kingdom for the most important functions of the state as Councellors, Ministers and Diplomats. There was no single successful coalition government as court politics were driven from large factional rivalries, consecutive conspiracies and ostracization of opponent Bharadar families through assassination rather than legal expulsion. Another reason was the minority of the reigning King between 1777 to 1847 that led to establishment of anarchial rule. The government was stated to have controlled by regents, Mukhtiyars and alliance of political faction with strong fundamental support. In the end of the 18th century, the central politics was regularly dominated by two notable political factions; Thapas and Pandes. As per historians and contemporary writer Francis Hamilton, the government of Nepal comprised As for Regmi states, the government of Nepal comprised In 1794, King Rana Bahadur Shah came of age and his first act was to re-constitute the government such that his uncle, Prince Bahadur Shah of Nepal, had no official part to play. Rana Bahadur appointed Kirtiman Singh Basnyat as Chief (\"Mul\") Kaji among the newly appointed four Kajis though Damodar Pande was the most influential Kaji. Kirtiman had succeeded Abhiman Singh Basnyat as Chief Kaji while Prince Bahadur Shah was succeeded as Chief (\"Mul\") Chautariya by Prince Ranodyot Shah, then heir apparent of King Rana Bahadur Shah by a Chhetri Queen Subarna Prabha Devi. Kajis had held the administrative and executive powers of nation after the fall of Chief Chautariya Prince Bahadur Shah in 1794. Later, Kirtiman Singh was secretly assassinated on 28 September 1801, by the supporters of Raj Rajeshwari Devi and his brother Bakhtawar Singh Basnyat, was then given the post of Chief (\"Mul\") Kaji. Later Damodar Pande was appointed by Queen Rajrajeshwari as Chief Kaji. When the exiled abdicated King Rana Bahadur Shah prepared his return on 1804, he arrested many government officials including then Chief Kaji Damodar Pande and sacked the reigning government. He took over the administration of Nepal by assuming the position of Mukhtiyar (chief authority). A new government was constituted with favoring officials. Bhimsen Thapa was made a second kaji; Ranajit Pande, who was the father-in-law of Bhimsen's brother, was made the \"Mul\" (Chief) Kaji; Sher Bahadur Shah, Rana Bahadur's half-brother, was made the Mul (Chief) Chautariya; while Rangnath Paudel was made the Raj Guru (royal spiritual preceptor). Later on April 1806, tensions arose between Chief Chautariya Sher Bahadur Shah and Mukhtiyar Rana Bahadur Shah on the night of 25 April 1806 during a meeting at Tribhuvan Khawas's house where around 10 pm, Sher Bahadur in desperation drew a sword and killed Rana Bahadur Shah before being cut down by nearby courtiers, Bam Shah and Bal Narsingh Kunwar, also allies of Bhimsen. The assassination of Rana Bahadur Shah triggered a great massacre in Bhandarkhal (a royal garden east of Kathmandu Durbar) and at the bank of Bishnumati river after which Kaji Bhimsen killed 55 senior officials to benefit from the chaos. He was declared Mukhtiyar (Chief Authority) of Nepal and led the new government from a royal mandate of minor King Girvan Yuddha Bikram Shah. Mukhtiyars ruled over the executive and administrative functions of the state until its replacement by British conventional Prime Minister on 1843 conferred upon then ruling Mukhtiyar Mathabar Singh Thapa. The policies of the old Bharadari governments were derived from ancient Hindu texts as Dharmashastra and Manusmriti. The King was considered as an incarnation of Lord Vishnu and was the chief authority over legislative, judiciary and executive functions. The judiciary functions were decided on the principles of Hindu Dharma codes of conduct. The king had full rights to expel any person who offended the country and also pardon the offenders and grant return to the country. The government on practicality was not an absolute monarchy due to the dominance of Nepalese political clans making the Shah monarch a puppet ruler. These basic Hindu templates provide the evidence that Nepal was administered as a Hindu state. Official website Government of Nepal The Government of Nepal (), or Nepal Government, is the executive body and the central government of Nepal. Prior to the abolition of the monarchy, it was officially known as His Majesty's Government (). The Head of state is the President and the Prime Minister holds the position of the Head of executive. The role of President is largely ceremonial as the functioning of the government is managed entirely by the Prime Minister who"
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"Skálavík Skálavík () is a village and municipality on the eastern coast of the Faroese island Sandoy. The village's stone church was built in 1891. The famous Faroese writers Heðin Brú (born Hans Jacob Jacobsen) (1901–1987) and Kristian Osvald Viderø (1906–1988) were both born in Skálavík. In late January 2008 Skálavík was hit by a strong hurricane. The port was destroyed, along with many boats and houses. The damage was so great that emergency aid was provided from Iceland. In May 2011 a new center opened in Skálavík. It was donated by shipowner Eiler Jacobsen (1930-2010), who was born in the village. He did not live to see the opening, but he visited the building during the construction. There is a restaurant, a hotel and conference center, activities for children etc. The center was named Skeiðs- og frítíðardepilin Immanuel, but they also use the name \"Depilin í Skálavík\" (The Center in Skálavík). It was named Immanuel after the ship by the same name in which Eiler Jacobsen's father went missing in 1932. On 23 March 2015 Smyril Line took over the operation of the hotel, and at the same time the name was changed to Hotel Skálavík. The hotel had 25 room at the time. Skálavík Skálavík () is a village and municipality on the eastern coast of the Faroese island Sandoy. The village's stone church was built in 1891. The famous Faroese writers Heðin Brú (born Hans Jacob Jacobsen) (1901–1987) and Kristian Osvald Viderø (1906–1988) were both born in Skálavík. In late January 2008 Skálavík was hit by a strong hurricane. The port was destroyed, along with many boats and houses. The damage was so great that emergency aid was provided from Iceland. In May 2011 a new center opened in Skálavík. It was donated by shipowner Eiler Jacobsen"
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"Kilroy was here Kilroy was here is an American expression that became popular during World War II, typically seen in graffiti. Its origin is debated, but the phrase and the distinctive accompanying doodle became associated with GIs in the 1940s: a bald-headed man (sometimes depicted as having a few hairs) with a prominent nose peeking over a wall with his fingers clutching the wall. \"Kilroy\" was the American equivalent of the Australian Foo was here which originated during World War I. \"Mr Chad\" or just \"Chad\" was the version that became popular in the United Kingdom. The character of Chad may have been derived from a British cartoonist in 1938, possibly pre-dating \"Kilroy was here\". According to Dave Wilton, \"Some time during the war, Chad and Kilroy met, and in the spirit of Allied unity merged, with the British drawing appearing over the American phrase.\" Other names for the character include Smoe, Clem, Flywheel, Private Snoops, Overby, The Jeep, and Sapo. According to Charles Panati, \"The outrageousness of the graffiti was not so much what it said, but where it turned up.\" It is not known if there was an actual person named Kilroy who inspired the graffiti, although there have been claims over the years. The phrase may have originated through United States servicemen who would draw the doodle and the text \"Kilroy was here\" on the walls and other places where they were stationed, encamped, or visited. An ad in \"Life\" magazine noted that WWII-era servicemen were fond of claiming that \"whatever beach-head they stormed, they always found notices chalked up ahead of them, that 'Kilroy was here'\". \"Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable\" notes that it was particularly associated with the Air Transport Command, at least when observed in the United Kingdom. At some point, the graffiti (Chad) and slogan (Kilroy was here) must have merged. Many sources claim origin as early as 1939. An early example of the phrase may date from 1937, before World War II. The US History Channel broadcast \"Fort Knox: Secrets Revealed\" in 2007 included a shot of a chalked \"KILROY WAS HERE\" dated 1937-05-13. Fort Knox's vault was loaded in 1937 and inaccessible until the 1970s, when an audit was carried out and the footage was shot. However, historian Paul Urbahns was involved in the production of the program, and he says that the footage was a reconstruction. According to one story, German intelligence found the phrase on captured American equipment. This led Adolf Hitler to believe that Kilroy could be the name or codename of a high-level Allied spy. At the time of the Potsdam Conference in 1945, it was rumored that Stalin found \"Kilroy was here\" written in the VIP bathroom, prompting him to ask his aides who Kilroy was. War photographer Robert Capa noted a use of the phrase at Bastogne in December 1944: \"On the black, charred walls of an abandoned barn, scrawled in white chalk, was the legend of McAuliffe's GIs: KILROY WAS STUCK HERE.\" The phrase \"Foo was here\" was used from 1941–45 as the Australian equivalent of \"Kilroy was here\". \"Foo\" was thought of as a gremlin by the Royal Australian Air Force, and the name may have been derived from the 1930s cartoon \"Smokey Stover\" in which the character used the word \"foo\" when he could not remember the name of something. It has been claimed that Foo came from the acronym for Forward Observation Officer, but this is unlikely. \"The Oxford English Dictionary\" says simply that Kilroy was \"the name of a mythical person\". One theory identifies James J. Kilroy (1902–1962) as the man behind the signature, an American shipyard inspector. \"The New York Times\" indicated J.J. Kilroy as the origin in 1946, based on the results of a contest conducted by the American Transit Association to establish the origin of the phenomenon. The article noted that Kilroy had marked the ships as they were being built as a way to be sure that he had inspected a compartment, and the phrase would be found chalked in places that nobody could have reached for graffiti, such as inside sealed hull spaces. \"Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable\" notes this as a possible origin, but suggests that \"the phrase grew by accident.\" The \"Lowell Sun\" reported in November 1945 that Sgt. Francis J. Kilroy, Jr. from Everett, Massachusetts wrote \"Kilroy will be here next week\" on a barracks bulletin board at a Boca Raton, Florida airbase while ill with flu, and the phrase was picked up by other airmen and quickly spread abroad. The Associated Press similarly reported Sgt. Kilroy's account of being hospitalized early in World War II, and his friend Sgt. James Maloney wrote the phrase on a bulletin board. Maloney continued to write the shortened phrase when he was shipped out a month later, according to the AP account, and other airmen soon picked it up. Francis Kilroy only wrote the phrase a couple of times. The figure was initially known in the United Kingdom as \"Mr Chad\" and would appear with the slogan \"Wot, no sugar\" or a similar phrase bemoaning shortages and rationing. He often appeared with a single curling hair that resembled a question mark and with crosses in his eyes. The phrase \"Wot, no —?\" pre-dates \"Chad\" and was widely used separately from the doodle. Chad was used by the RAF and civilians; he was known in the Army as Private Snoops, and in the Navy he was called The Watcher. Chad might have first been drawn by British cartoonist George Edward Chatterton in 1938. Chatterton was nicknamed \"Chat\", which may then have become \"Chad.\" \"Life Magazine\" wrote in 1946 that the RAF and Army were competing to claim him as their own invention, but they agreed that he had first appeared around 1944. The character resembles Alice the Goon, a character in Popeye who first appeared in 1933,; and another name for Chad was \"The Goon\". A spokesman for the Royal Air Force Museum London suggested in 1977 that Chad was probably an adaptation of the Greek letter Omega, used as the symbol for electrical resistance; his creator was probably an electrician in a ground crew. \"Life\" suggested that Chad originated with REME, and noted that a symbol for alternating current resembles Chad (a sine wave through a straight line), that the plus and minus signs in his eyes represent polarity, and that his fingers are symbols of electrical resistors. The character is usually drawn in Australia with pluses and minuses as eyes and the nose and eyes resemble a distorted sine wave. \"The Guardian\" suggested in 2000 that \"Mr. Chad\" was based on a diagram representing an electrical circuit. One correspondent said that a man named Dickie Lyle was at RAF Yatesbury in 1941, and he drew a version of the diagram as a face when the instructor had left the room and wrote \"Wot, no leave?\" beneath it. This idea was repeated in a submission to the BBC in 2005 which included a story of a 1941 radar lecturer in Gainsborough, Lincolnshire who drew the circuit diagram with the words \"WOT! No electrons?\" The RAF Cranwell Apprentices Association says that the image came from a diagram of how to approximate a square wave using sine waves, also at RAF Yatesbury and with an instructor named Chadwick. This version was initially called Domie or Doomie, and \"Life\" noted that Doomie was used by the RAF. REME claimed that the name came from their training school, nicknamed \"Chad's Temple\"; the RAF claimed that it arose from Chadwick House at a Lancashire radio school; and the Desert Rats claimed that it came from an officer in El Alamein. It is unclear how Chad gained widespread popularity or became conflated with Kilroy. It was, however, widely in use by the late part of the war and in the immediate post-war years, with slogans ranging from the simple \"What, no bread?\" or \"Wot, no char?\" to the plaintive; one sighting was on the side of a British 1st Airborne Division glider in Operation Market Garden with the complaint \"Wot, no engines?\" The \"Los Angeles Times\" reported in 1946 that Chad was \"the No. 1 doodle\", noting his",
"or Doomie, and \"Life\" noted that Doomie was used by the RAF. REME claimed that the name came from their training school, nicknamed \"Chad's Temple\"; the RAF claimed that it arose from Chadwick House at a Lancashire radio school; and the Desert Rats claimed that it came from an officer in El Alamein. It is unclear how Chad gained widespread popularity or became conflated with Kilroy. It was, however, widely in use by the late part of the war and in the immediate post-war years, with slogans ranging from the simple \"What, no bread?\" or \"Wot, no char?\" to the plaintive; one sighting was on the side of a British 1st Airborne Division glider in Operation Market Garden with the complaint \"Wot, no engines?\" The \"Los Angeles Times\" reported in 1946 that Chad was \"the No. 1 doodle\", noting his appearance on a wall in the Houses of Parliament after the 1945 Labour election victory, with \"Wot, no Tories?\" Trains in Austria in 1946 featured Mr. Chad along with the phrase \"Wot—no Fuehrer?\" As rationing became less common, so did the joke. The cartoon is occasionally sighted today as \"Kilroy was here\", but \"Chad\" and his complaints have long fallen from popular use, although they continue to be seen occasionally on walls and in references in popular culture. Writing about the Kilroy phenomenon in 1946, \" The Milwaukee Journal\" describes the doodle as the European counterpart to \"Kilroy was here\", under the name Smoe. It also says that Smoe was called Clem in the African theater. It noted that next to \"Kilroy was here\" was often added \"And so was Smoe\". While Kilroy enjoyed a resurgence of interest after the war due to radio shows and comic writers, the name Smoe had already disappeared by the end of 1946. A B-24 airman writing in 1998 also noted the distinction between the character of Smoe and Kilroy (who he says was never pictured), and suggested that Smoe stood for \"Sad men of Europe\". Correspondents to \"Life\" magazine in 1962 also insisted that Clem, Mr. Chad or Luke the Spook was the name of the figure, and that Kilroy was unpictured. The editor suggested that the names were all synonymous early in the war, then later separated into separate characters. Similar drawings appear in many countries. Herbie (Canada), Overby (Los Angeles, late 1960s), Flywheel, Private Snoops, The Jeep, and Clem (Canada) are alternative names. An advertisement in \"Billboard\" in November 1946 for plastic \"Kilroys\" also used the names Clem, Heffinger, Luke the Spook, Some, and Stinkie. \"Luke the Spook\" was the name of a B-29 bomber, and its nose-art resembles the doodle and is said to have been created at the Boeing factory in Seattle. In Chile, the graphic is known as a \"sapo\" (slang for nosy). In Poland, Kilroy is replaced with \"\", \"Robert Motherwell\", or \"M. Pulina\". In Russia, the phrase \"Vasya was here\" () is a notorious piece of graffiti. Kilroy has been seen in numerous television series and films and in computer and video games. Peter Viereck wrote in 1948 that \"God is like Kilroy. He, too, Sees it all.\" Isaac Asimov's short story \"The Message\" (1955) depicts a time-travelling George Kilroy from the 30th Century as the writer of the graffiti. Thomas Pynchon's novel \"V.\" (1963) includes the proposal that the Kilroy doodle originated from a band-pass filter diagram. Ken Young wrote a parody of \"'Twas the Night Before Christmas\" which was transmitted to Apollo 8 on December 25th, 1968. It featured the lines \"When what to his wondering eyes should appear, but a Burma Shave sign saying, 'Kilroy was here.'\" Kilroy was featured on New Zealand stamp #1422 issued on March 19, 1997. Kilroy was here Kilroy was here is an American expression that became popular during World War II, typically seen in graffiti. Its origin is debated, but the phrase and the distinctive accompanying doodle became associated with GIs in the 1940s: a bald-headed man (sometimes depicted as having a few hairs) with a prominent nose"
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"St Helen's Church, Hangleton St Helen's Church, an Anglican church in the Hangleton area of Hove, is the oldest surviving building in the English city of Brighton and Hove. It is the ancient parish church of Hangleton—an isolated downland village which was abandoned by the Middle Ages and consisted of open farmland until the Interwar period, when extensive residential development took place. Hangleton existed at the time of the Domesday Book of 1086, although the church was not mentioned; its first known reference is in 1093 when William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey put it under the control of Lewes Priory. The church stood between the manor house and the cottages and houses of the village to the northeast, and was a rectangular building long and , with flint walls thick. Rebuilding began in the 12th century. The nave dates from that century, while the square tower was added in the 13th century and the church was re-roofed at that time (having originally been thatched). The 12th-century chancel was rebuilt in around 1300. Hangleton village began to decline in the 14th century. The whole parish, which covered a much wider area than the village itself, had a population of 80 by around 1850. In 1864 it was formally united with the parish of Portslade, having already been administered by Portslade's vicar for the previous 100 years. The condition of the church building worsened, but it never became an unusable ruin and never experienced a period without services—although for a time these were as infrequent as once a year. The churchyard was still used for burials as well. Unlike many other mediaeval churches in the Brighton and Hove area, which were heavily restored and altered in the 19th century, St Helen's was largely overlooked because of its isolation in a bleak, distant spot high on the South Downs above Hove. In 1870, George Cokayne, later a Clarenceux King of Arms, funded a minor restoration of the church. This may have saved the building from ruin, but also preserved its ancient character. Scenes for the 1909 film The Boy and the Convict, directed by Dave Aylott for Williamson Kinematograph Company, were filmed in the churchyard, which includes the grave of Samuel Augustus Barnett (1844-1913). The parish was incorporated into the then Borough of Hove in 1927. The Borough started to use the expanse of open land for housing development soon afterwards. This spread northwestwards from Hove in the mid-1930s and continued until the 1950s, by which time the whole area around the church had been built up. Another partial restoration took place in 1929, followed by a more thorough rebuilding in 1949. This added a porch and a vestry, a new roof (at a cost of £2,500) and some battlements and a pyramidal roof on the tower. Work continued until 1951, at which time the parish was split from Portslade. The new Parish of Hangleton's first priest took over in 1955. Following the 1949 alterations, St Helen's was reopened for regular use, and was granted Grade II* listed status on 24 March 1950. The church is built of flint—a stone used for many churches in the Downs in Sussex. The doors, windows and quoins are faced with Caen stone, which was used frequently in Norman buildings. The flints in the south wall are laid in a herringbone (opus spicatum) pattern, a style favoured during the Saxon period; the church has been identified by some sources as one of the best surviving examples of herringboning from that era. The roof is now tiled in clay. The basic structural layout—chancel, nave of three bays and west tower—has not changed since the 13th century, although the original chancel arch was removed in the 14th century and the porch and vestry on the northern side are 20th-century additions. There are lancet windows of various sizes in all four faces of the church. The west front has two, there is a large three-pointed window in the east face, and several tiny windows are placed at irregular intervals in the south and north walls. In particular, there is a low window into the chancel whose function has been much speculated on. One theory is that it was used by mediaeval lepers who would stand outside and listen to services through the window rather than enter the church itself. It may also have served as a type of confessional, allowing a priest to sit inside the church and the penitent to stay outside. During the restorations of 1949, ancient wall paintings were discovered on the north wall of the church, along with some scrollwork on one of the windows. The scrollwork was found to date from the early 13th century, while the wall paintings were 14th- and 15th-century in origin. Some restoration of this work was carried out in 1969, at which time some blocked-up windows in the nave were rediscovered. In one corner of the chancel, there is a memorial monument which has been identified as representing the Bellingham family, who lived in the area in the 16th and 17th century. Richard and Mary Bellingham, nine children and five coffins representing children who died soon after birth are depicted. Elsewhere, an early-20th-century stone pietà commemorates a local brewer and pottery collector, and a carved wooden screen and reredos in the chancel was also donated as a memorial. The pulpit, however, was taken from St Leonard's Church, Aldrington. Clergyman and social reformer Samuel Augustus Barnett, founder of Toynbee Hall in London, and his wife Henrietta, who conceived and helped to create Hampstead Garden Suburb, are buried in the churchyard to the north of the church. Edward Vaughan Hyde Kenealy QC, who lived in Portslade from the 1850s until 1874, was a barrister who unsuccessfully defended Sir Roger Tichborne in the Tichborne Case, a famous 19th-century trial: it was the longest in British legal history at the time, partly because of Kenealy's erratic, inappropriate behaviour. He was disbarred soon afterwards, but became Member of Parliament for Stoke-on-Trent until shortly before his death in 1880. He is buried in a grave by the south door of the church, marked by an ostentatious black marble tombstone with gold mosaic work. Inside the church there are tombstones (inlaid into the floor of the aisles) St Helen's Church was listed at Grade II* on 24 March 1950. As of February 2001, it was one of 70 Grade II*-listed buildings and structures, and 1,218 listed buildings of all grades, in the city of Brighton and Hove. St Helen's Church, Hangleton St Helen's Church, an Anglican church in the Hangleton area of Hove, is the"
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"Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary is the northernmost wildlife sanctuary of Kerala, southwest India. It is in area and located on the western slope of the Western Ghats. It was established in 1984. The headquarters of the sanctuary is near Iritty. Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in the southeast part of Kannur District. It lies between 11° 54′ and 11° 59′ north latitude and 75° 47′ and 75° 57′ east longitude. The sanctuary area falls in Aralam, Kelakam and Kottiyoor revenue villages and is located in the northwest slopes of Western Ghats contiguous with the forests of Coorg (Kodagu) district of Karnataka state. The PA (protected area) consists of Aralam Range, the only range of Aralam wildlife division, which is part of Northern Wildlife Circle (Northern Region) Palakkad. The extent of the sanctuary is . The sanctuary was constituted in 1984 as per GO (P) 300/84/AD dated 15 October 1984. It was formed by carving out areas from the Odanthode Malavaram of Thalassery special division which was an erstwhile private forest, subsequently taken over by Govt. as per the provisions of the Kerala Private Forests (vesting and assignment) Act 1971 and from the Kottiyoor RF of Wayanad Forest Division. The vested forest portion of the sanctuary is and the 22.36 km2 is part of Kottiyoor RF (Reserved Forest). Till 30.6.98 this sanctuary was a range in Wayanad Wildlife Division. It started functioning as an independent wildlife division since 1.7.98 as per GO (MS) 36/98 dated 27.5.98. In the First Management Plan the entire area was divided into two zones viz: the Core Zone and the Buffer Zone.Climatic factors include rainfall, temperature, humidity, frost and so on. Rainfall data available in the Central State Farm, Aralam, which is just adjoining to the sanctuary area has been analysed. Major source of moisture in the tract is in the form of rainfall. The total annual rainfall seldom falls below 4000 mm. The maximum annual value for the nine years data available is 5052.60 mm and the minimum is 3745.50 mm. In specialised localities, in the higher reaches (where there are no rain gauges), the rainfall goes as high as over 6000 mm. Most (more than 70%) of the rainfall is obtained during the southwest monsoon in June, July and August months. The retreating monsoon though less pronounced, is an important source of moisture in October, November and December, which constitutes 14% of the total. Summer rains vary widely and is not dependable. In the Peninsular India the vegetation type and growing period are determined by the extent of dry period rather than by the amount of rainfall. The spread of rainy days across time (around the year) is a crucial determining factor in the plant growth. The dry period in the area varies between three and four months when the monthly rainfall is below 50 mm, and the number of rainy days varies from 100 to 120. Variation is observed in the quantity of rainfall as the altitude changes to higher levels. The temperature at the foothills varies from 11.0°C to 40.0°C. The diurnal variations are moderate. As the altitude increases the variation is comparatively small, between 8.0°C and 25.0°C. The hottest months are April and May. December to February is relatively cool. At the foothills the humidity varies from 60% to 100%. Regular winds lash the area during the southwest monsoon period. Strong winds of dry nature blow from September to April, causing dryness in the locality with the result there is a fire hazard, especially in the deciduous forests. Locations where very high rainfall and peculiar soil conditions in the folds of the hills bring in specialised microclimatic situations leading to a peculiar habitat, which supports relatively specialised vegetation. Such portions are found here and there on the higher reaches. Holidays in keralam Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary is the northernmost wildlife sanctuary of Kerala, southwest India. It is in area and located on the western slope of the Western Ghats. It was established in 1984. The headquarters of the sanctuary is near Iritty. Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in the southeast part of Kannur District. It lies between 11° 54′ and 11° 59′ north latitude and 75° 47′"
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"Barry Ashbee William Barry Ashbee (July 28, 1939 – May 12, 1977) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman who played five seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Boston Bruins and Philadelphia Flyers. Ashbee played his junior hockey with the Barrie Flyers in the Ontario Hockey Association, started his professional career by playing eight seasons with the Hershey Bears of the American Hockey League, although he did play 14 games with the Boston Bruins of the NHL during the 1965–66 season. He became an NHL regular with the Philadelphia Flyers during the 1970–71 season, and soon became one of their best defensemen. In fact, he was named to the NHL Second All-Star team and won a Stanley Cup with the team during the 1973–74 season, and had a +52 plus/minus rating during the regular season. However, his career also ended that year during the playoffs against the New York Rangers due to a severe eye injury he suffered after being struck by a puck. Ashbee became an assistant coach with the team the next season, though he initially declined the job because he thought it was offered to him just out of sympathy. During his first season as an assistant coach, the Flyers won their second straight Stanley Cup. Ashbee had his name added to the cup for a second time. Ashbee was told that he had leukemia in April, 1977, and he died the next month. His number, 4, was retired by the Flyers on October 13, 1977 and the Barry Ashbee Trophy is now awarded each season to the best defenseman for the Flyers. Barry Ashbee William Barry Ashbee (July 28, 1939 – May 12, 1977) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman who played five seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the"
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"Jersey at the 2018 Commonwealth Games Jersey competed at the 2018 Commonwealth Games in the Gold Coast, Australia from April 4 to April 15, 2018. The team from Jersey consisted of 33 athletes competing in eight sports. Cyclist Daniel Halksworth was the country's flag bearer during the opening ceremony. The following is the list of number of competitors participating at the Games per sport/discipline. Jersey participated with 3 athletes (3 men). Jersey participated with four athletes (two men and two women) Jersey participated with 6 athletes (4 men and 2 women). Jersey participated with 3 athletes (1 man and 2 woman). Jersey is scheduled to compete in the lawn bowls competition. Jersey participated with 6 athletes (4 men and 2 women). Jersey participated with 2 athletes (1 man and 1 woman). Jersey participated with 1 athlete (1 man). Jersey at the 2018 Commonwealth Games Jersey competed at the 2018 Commonwealth Games in the Gold Coast, Australia from April 4 to April 15, 2018. The team from Jersey consisted of 33 athletes competing in eight sports. Cyclist Daniel Halksworth was the country's flag bearer during the opening ceremony. The following is the list of number of competitors participating at the Games"
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"Mobile app A mobile app or mobile application is a computer program or software application designed to run on a mobile device such as a phone/tablet or watch. Apps were oiginally intended for productivity assistance such as Email, calendar, and contact databases, but the public demand for apps caused rapid expansion into other areas such as mobile games, factory automation, GPS and location-based services, order-tracking, and ticket purchases, so that there are now millions of apps available. Apps are generally downloaded from application distribution platforms which are operated by the owner of the mobile operating system, such as the App Store (iOS) or Google Play Store. Some apps are free, and others have a price, with the profit being split between the application's creator and the distribution platform.. Mobile applications often stand in contrast to desktop applications which are designed to run on desktop computers, and web applications which run in mobile web browsers rather than directly on the mobile device. In 2009, technology columnist David Pogue said that newer smartphones could be nicknamed \"app phones\" to distinguish them from earlier less-sophisticated smartphones. The term \"app\", short for \"software application\", has since become very popular; in 2010, it was listed as \"Word of the Year\" by the American Dialect Society. Most mobile devices are sold with several apps bundled as pre-installed software, such as a web browser, email client, calendar, mapping program, and an app for buying music, other media, or more apps. Some pre-installed apps can be removed by an ordinary uninstall process, thus leaving more storage space for desired ones. Where the software does not allow this, some devices can be rooted to eliminate the undesired apps. Apps that are not preinstalled are usually available through distribution platforms called app stores. They began appearing in 2008 and are typically operated by the owner of the mobile operating system, such as the Apple App Store, Google Play, Windows Phone Store, and BlackBerry App World. However, there are independent app stores, such as Cydia, GetJar and F-Droid. Some apps are free, while others must be bought. Usually, they are downloaded from the platform to a target device, but sometimes they can be downloaded to laptops or desktop computers. For apps with a price, generally a percentage, 20-30%, goes to the distribution provider (such as iTunes), and the rest goes to the producer of the app. The same app can, therefore, cost a different price depending on the mobile platform. Apps can also be installed manually, for example by running an Android application package on Android devices. Mobile apps were originally offered for general productivity and information retrieval, including email, calendar, contacts, the stock market and weather information. However, public demand and the availability of developer tools drove rapid expansion into other categories, such as those handled by desktop application software packages. As with other software, the explosion in number and variety of apps made discovery a challenge, which in turn led to the creation of a wide range of review, recommendation, and curation sources, including blogs, magazines, and dedicated online app-discovery services. In 2014 government regulatory agencies began trying to regulate and curate apps, particularly medical apps. Some companies offer apps as an alternative method to deliver content with certain advantages over an official website. Usage of mobile apps has become increasingly prevalent across mobile phone users. A May 2012 comScore study reported that during the previous quarter, more mobile subscribers used apps than browsed the web on their devices: 51.1% vs. 49.8% respectively. Researchers found that usage of mobile apps strongly correlates with user context and depends on user's location and time of the day. Mobile apps are playing an ever-increasing role within healthcare and when designed and integrated correctly can yield many benefits. Market research firm Gartner predicted that 102 billion apps would be downloaded in 2013 (91% of them free), which would generate $26 billion in the US, up 44.4% on 2012's US$18 billion. By Q2 2015, the Google Play and Apple stores alone generated $5 billion. An analyst report estimates that the app economy creates revenues of more than €10 billion per year within the European Union, while over 529,000 jobs have been created in 28 EU states due to the growth of the app market. Developing apps for mobile devices requires considering the constraints and features of these devices. Mobile devices run on battery and have less powerful processors than personal computers and also have more features such as location detection and cameras. Developers also have to consider a wide array of screen sizes, hardware specifications and configurations because of intense competition in mobile software and changes within each of the platforms (although these issues can be overcome with mobile device detection). Mobile application development requires the use of specialized integrated development environments. Mobile apps are first tested within the development environment using emulators and later subjected to field testing. Emulators provide an inexpensive way to test applications on mobile phones to which developers may not have physical access. Mobile user interface (UI) Design is also essential. Mobile UI considers constraints and contexts, screen, input and mobility as outlines for design. The user is often the focus of interaction with their device, and the interface entails components of both hardware and software. User input allows for the users to manipulate a system, and device's output allows the system to indicate the effects of the users' manipulation. Mobile UI design constraints include limited attention and form factors, such as a mobile device's screen size for a user's hand. Mobile UI contexts signal cues from user activity, such as location and scheduling that can be shown from user interactions within a mobile application. Overall, mobile UI design's goal is primarily for an understandable, user-friendly interface. Mobile UIs, or front-ends, rely on mobile back-ends to support access to enterprise systems. The mobile back-end facilitates data routing, security, authentication, authorization, working off-line, and service orchestration. This functionality is supported by a mix of middleware components including mobile app servers, Mobile Backend as a service (MBaaS), and SOA infrastructure. Conversational interfaces display the computer interface and present interactions through text instead of graphic elements. They emulate conversations with real humans. There are two main types of conversational interfaces: voice assistants (like the Amazon Echo) and chatbots. Conversational interfaces are growing particularly practical as users are starting to feel overwhelmed with mobile apps (a term known as \"app fatigue\"). David Limp, Amazon’s senior vice president of devices, says in an interview with Bloomberg, \"We believe the next big platform is voice.\" The three biggest app stores are Google Play for Android, App Store for iOS, and Microsoft Store for Windows 10, Windows 10 Mobile, and Xbox One. Google Play (formerly known as the Android Market) is an international online software store developed by Google for Android devices. It opened in October 2008. In July 2013, the number of apps downloaded via the Google Play Store surpassed 50 billion, of the over 1 million apps available. As of September 2016, according to Statista the number of apps available exceeded 2.4 million. The store generated a revenue of 6 billion U.S. dollars in 2015. Apple's App Store for iOS was not the first app distribution service, but it ignited the mobile revolution and was opened on July 10, 2008, and as of September 2016, reported over 140 billion downloads. The original AppStore was first demonstrated",
"for Android, App Store for iOS, and Microsoft Store for Windows 10, Windows 10 Mobile, and Xbox One. Google Play (formerly known as the Android Market) is an international online software store developed by Google for Android devices. It opened in October 2008. In July 2013, the number of apps downloaded via the Google Play Store surpassed 50 billion, of the over 1 million apps available. As of September 2016, according to Statista the number of apps available exceeded 2.4 million. The store generated a revenue of 6 billion U.S. dollars in 2015. Apple's App Store for iOS was not the first app distribution service, but it ignited the mobile revolution and was opened on July 10, 2008, and as of September 2016, reported over 140 billion downloads. The original AppStore was first demonstrated to Steve Jobs in 1993 by Jesse Tayler at NeXTWorld Expo As of June 6, 2011, there were 425,000 apps available, which had been downloaded by 200 million iOS users. During Apple's 2012 Worldwide Developers Conference, CEO Tim Cook announced that the App Store has 650,000 available apps to download as well as 30 billion apps downloaded from the app store until that date. From an alternative perspective, figures seen in July 2013 by the BBC from tracking service Adeven indicate over two-thirds of apps in the store are \"zombies\", barely ever installed by consumers. Microsoft Store (formerly known as the Windows Store) was introduced by Microsoft in 2012 for its Windows 8 and Windows RT platforms. While it can also carry listings for traditional desktop programs certified for compatibility with Windows 8, it is primarily used to distribute \"Windows Store apps\"—which are primarily built for use on tablets and other touch-based devices (but can still be used with a keyboard and mouse, and on desktop computers and laptops). Mobile application management (MAM) describes software and services responsible for provisioning and controlling access to internally developed and commercially available mobile apps used in business settings. The strategy is meant to off-set the security risk of a Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) work strategy. When an employee brings a personal device into an enterprise setting, mobile application management enables the corporate IT staff to transfer required applications, control access to business data, and remove locally cached business data from the device if it is lost, or when its owner no longer works with the company. Containerization is an alternate BYOD security solution. Rather than controlling an employees entire device, containerization apps create isolated and secure pockets separate from all personal data. Company control of the device only extends to that separate container. Especially when employees \"bring your own device\", mobile apps can be a significant security risk for businesses, because they transfer unprotected sensitive data to the Internet without knowledge and consent of the users. Reports of stolen corporate data show how quickly corporate and personal data can fall into the wrong hands. Data theft is not just the loss of confidential information, but makes companies vulnerable to attack and blackmail. Professional mobile application management helps companies protect their data. One option for securing corporate data is app wrapping. But there also are some disadvantages like copyright infringement or the loss of warranty rights. Functionality, productivity and user experience are particularly limited under app wrapping. The policies of a wrapped app can't be changed. If required, it must be recreated from scratch, adding cost. An app wrapper is a mobile app made wholly from an existing website or platform, with few or no changes made to the underlying application. The \"wrapper\" is essentially a new management layer that allows developers to set up usage policies appropriate for app use. Examples of these policies include whether or not authentication is required, allowing data to be stored on the device, and enabling/disabling file sharing between users. Because most app wrappers are often websites first, they often do not align with iOS or Android Developer guidelines. Alternatively, it is possible to offer native apps securely through enterprise mobility management without limiting the native user experience. This enables more flexible IT management as apps can be easily implemented and policies adjusted at any time. Mobile app A mobile app or mobile application is"
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"Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Gwangju The Catholic Archdiocese of Gwangju () is a particular church of the Latin Rite of the Catholic Church, one of the three Metropolitan sees of the Catholic Church in Korea. The Archdiocese covers the city of Gwangju and entire Chollanamdo province. On 13 April 1937 Pope Pius XI established the Prefecture Apostolic of Kwoszu. Pope Pius XII changed its name to the Prefecture Apostolic of Kwangju on 12 July 1950. It was elevated to a Vicariate Apostolic on 21 January 1957. Pope John XXIII elevated the vicariate to an archdiocese on 10 March 1962. The following is a list of the vicars and then the archbishops of Gwangju: Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Gwangju The Catholic Archdiocese of Gwangju () is a particular church of the Latin Rite of the Catholic Church, one of the three Metropolitan sees of the Catholic Church in Korea. The Archdiocese covers the city of Gwangju and entire Chollanamdo province. On 13 April 1937 Pope Pius XI established the Prefecture Apostolic of Kwoszu. Pope Pius XII changed its name to the Prefecture Apostolic of Kwangju on 12 July 1950. It was elevated to a Vicariate Apostolic on 21 January 1957. Pope"
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"Lockheed Martin RQ-170 Sentinel The Lockheed Martin RQ-170 Sentinel is an American unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) developed by Lockheed Martin and operated by the United States Air Force for the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). While the USAF has released few details on the UAV's design or capabilities, defense analysts believe that it is a stealth aircraft fitted with aerial reconnaissance equipment. The RQ-170 Sentinel was developed by Lockheed Martin's Skunk Works as a stealth unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Journalists have noted design similarities between the RQ-170 and previous stealth and UAV programs such as the RQ-3 DarkStar and Polecat. It is a tailless flying wing aircraft, with pods, presumably for sensors or SATCOMs, built into the upper surface of each wing. Few details of the UAV's characteristics have been released, but estimates of its wingspan range from approximately to . In a December 2012 report, journalist David Axe stated that \"20 or so\" RQ-170s had been built. The \"RQ\" designation indicates that the RQ-170 Sentinel does not carry weapons. \"Aviation Week\"s David A. Fulghum believes that the UAV is probably a \"tactical, operations-oriented platform and not a strategic intelligence-gathering design\". The USAF confirmed the \"grainy photos of a gray, flying-wing-typed unmanned airplane near Kandahar Airfield.\" Since then, this aircraft has been known as \"The Beast of Kandahar\" in relation to the discussion of the RQ-170 Sentinel on 4 December 2009. A USAF colonel subsequently commented that RQ-170 is separate from the MQ-X program, which has yet to determine stealth or powerplant requirements, and thus the Sentinel will not replace the MQ-1 Predator and MQ-9 Reaper drones. , the U.S. military had not released any statements concerning the Sentinel since December 2009. The RQ-170 is a flying wing design containing a single (as yet classified) engine and is estimated by \"Aviation Week\" as having a wingspan of approximately . Its takeoff weight is estimated as being greater than the RQ-3 DarkStar's, which was . The design lacks several elements common to stealth engineering such as zig-zag edged landing gear doors and sharp leading edges, and the exhaust is not shielded by the wing. \"Aviation Week\" postulates that these elements suggest the designers have avoided 'highly sensitive technologies' due to the near certainty of eventual operational loss inherent with a single engine design and a desire to avoid the risk of compromising leading edge technology. The publication also suggests that the medium-grey color implies a mid-altitude ceiling, unlikely to exceed since a higher ceiling would normally be painted darker for best concealment. The postulated weight and ceiling parameters suggests the possible use of a General Electric TF34 engine, or a variant, in the airframe. On the basis of the few publicly available photographs of the RQ-170, aviation expert Bill Sweetman has assessed that the UAV is equipped with an electro-optical/infrared sensor and possibly an active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar mounted in its belly fairing. He has also speculated that the two undercarriage fairings over the UAV's wings may house datalinks and that the belly fairing could be designed for modular payloads, allowing the UAV to be used for strike missions and/or electronic warfare. The \"New York Times\" has reported that the RQ-170 is \"almost certainly\" equipped with communications intercept equipment as well as highly sensitive sensors capable of detecting very small amounts of radioactive isotopes and chemicals which may indicate the existence of nuclear weapons facilities. Following Iranian claims of downing an RQ-170 near the Afghan border in December 2011, Iranian TV showed video footage of what appears to be an advanced unmanned U.S. aircraft that most closely resembles the RQ-170 UAV. In the footage, a member of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard released dimensions of the aircraft, including a wingspan of about , a height of , and a length of . The 30th Reconnaissance Squadron operates RQ-170 Sentinels. This squadron, which is based at Tonopah Test Range Airport in Nevada, was activated on 1 September 2005. RQ-170 Sentinels have been deployed to Afghanistan, where one was sighted at Kandahar International Airport in late 2007. This sighting, and the Sentinel's secret status at the time, led Bill Sweetman to dub it the \"Beast of Kandahar\". The UAV being deployed to Afghanistan, despite the Taliban having no radar, led to speculation that the aircraft was used to spy on Pakistan or Iran: \"Phil Finnegan, a UAV analyst at the Teal Group, an aerospace consulting firm, suggests the stealth capabilities are being used to fly in nearby countries. Neighboring Iran has an air force and air defense system that would require stealth technology to penetrate.\" In December 2009, South Korea's \"JoongAng Daily\" newspaper reported that the RQ-170 Sentinel had been test-flown in South Korea for the past few months and that it was expected that they would be permanently deployed in 2010 to replace Lockheed U-2 reconnaissance aircraft operating from Osan Air Base. In response to this report, Bill Sweetman argued that the Sentinel's deployments to Afghanistan and South Korea were probably undertaken to monitor Pakistan and North Korea's ballistic missile programs. In August 2010, Aviation Week reported that RQ-170s either had been or were about to be redeployed to Afghanistan and that the UAVs had been fitted with a full motion video capability. The missions performed by these aircraft included flying dozens of high-altitude sorties over Pakistan to monitor a compound in the town of Abbottabad where Osama bin Laden was believed to be living. On 2 May 2011, at least one RQ-170 monitored the area while elements of the United States Naval Special Warfare Development Group launched an assault on the compound which resulted in bin Laden's death. The aircraft provided footage of the attack which was watched live by President Barack Obama and his senior national security advisors. The RQ-170 also monitored Pakistani military radio transmissions in the area to provide warning of the response to the attack. On 27 May the \"Los Angeles Times\" reported that Pakistani officials were \"alarmed\" by the use of the RQ-170 over their country as the drones are \"designed to evade radar and other surveillance systems, and can be used as a spy plane\". In October 2012 a RQ-170 was used to conduct bomb damage assessment for a test drop of a Massive Ordnance Penetrator bomb from a Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit stealth bomber. On 4 December 2011, media reports stated that the Iranian Army's electronic warfare unit had downed an RQ-170 that violated Iranian airspace along its eastern border through overriding its controls, and had captured the lightly damaged UAV. On 6 December, U.S. officials acknowledged that a drone crashed in or near Iranian airspace and that it belonged to the CIA and not to ISAF as was earlier stated. The Iranian government released footage of a captured RQ-170 on 8 December. After examining the video on 8 December, U.S. officials confirmed that the drone was genuine. In April 2012, General Amir Ali Hajizadeh, the commander of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps aerospace division, claimed that Iran had reversed-engineered the RQ-170, and was building a copy of the UAV. He also stated that data was being recovered from the captured RQ-170. The semi-official Tasnim news agency of Iran reported in September 2016 that a UAV named Saegheh, similar in appearance to the RQ-170 Sentinel, had been built. It was said to be able to carry four precision-guided bombs; range was not stated. Lockheed Martin RQ-170 Sentinel The Lockheed Martin RQ-170 Sentinel is an American unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) developed by Lockheed Martin and operated by the United States Air Force for the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). While the USAF has released few details on the UAV's",
"2012, General Amir Ali Hajizadeh, the commander of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps aerospace division, claimed that Iran had reversed-engineered the RQ-170, and was building a copy of the UAV. He also stated that data was being recovered from the captured RQ-170. The semi-official Tasnim news agency of Iran reported in September 2016 that a UAV named Saegheh, similar in appearance to the RQ-170 Sentinel, had been built. It was said to be able to carry four precision-guided bombs; range was not stated. Lockheed Martin RQ-170 Sentinel The Lockheed Martin RQ-170 Sentinel is an American unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) developed by Lockheed Martin and operated by the United States Air Force for the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). While the USAF has released few details on the UAV's design or capabilities, defense analysts believe that it is a stealth aircraft fitted with aerial reconnaissance equipment. The RQ-170 Sentinel was developed by Lockheed Martin's Skunk Works"
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"Zeynep Korkmaz Zeynep Korkmaz (born 5 July 1922) is a prominent Turkish scholar and dialectologist. Korkmaz was born in Nevşehir on 5 July 1922. Her parents are Yusuf Hüsnü Dengi and Şefika Dengi. She has an elder sister and a brother. She received elementary and secondary education in İzmir. In 1940, she graduated from Izmir Girls' High School. She graduated from Ankara University with a bachelor of arts degree in Turkish language and literature in 1944. She completed her PhD. studies at the same department in 1950. Her Ph.D. thesis was concerned with dialects of Anatolia. Following graduation, she became an assistant at the Faculty of Language, History and Geography (DTCF) of Ankara University in 1945. Then she began to work as an assistant at the department of Turkish language and literature of the same university in 1948. She went to Hamburg University for post-doctoral studies. She worked as a visiting scholar there from 1954 to 1955 and studied Old Turkish Language with A. von Gabain, O. Pritsak and O. Von Essen. She became associate professor in 1957 and professor in 1964. She retired in 1990. Korkmaz is a member of the Turkish Culture Research Institute; Permanent International Altaistic Conference (PIAC); Ottoman-Pre-Ottoman Research Committee; Societas Uralo-Altaica; İLESAM (Professional Union of Turkish Science and Literature Academicians, Ankara). Korkmaz has 16 books and more than 250 articles about the Turkish language. Some of her books are given below: (1963). \"Nevşehir ve Yöresi Ağızları\" (Turkish = Dialects of Nevşehir and nearby area), DTCF: Ankara (1973). \"Cumhuriyet Döneminde Türk Dili\" (Turkish= Turkish Language in the Republic Era), DTCF:Ankara On her 60th birthday in 1982, a book was published by her pupils with the title of \"Prof. Dr. Zeynep Korkmaz'ın Hayatı ve Eserleri (Prof. Dr. Zeynep Korkmaz's life and works)\". Korkmaz married Mehmet Korkmaz, who died in 1984. She has two children. Zeynep Korkmaz Zeynep Korkmaz (born 5 July 1922) is a prominent Turkish scholar and dialectologist. Korkmaz was born in Nevşehir on 5 July 1922. Her parents are Yusuf Hüsnü Dengi and Şefika Dengi. She has an elder sister and a brother. She received elementary and secondary education in İzmir. In 1940, she graduated from Izmir Girls' High School. She graduated from Ankara University with a bachelor of arts degree in Turkish language and literature in 1944. She completed her PhD. studies at the same department in 1950. Her Ph.D. thesis was concerned with"
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"The Noblewoman Vera Sheloga The Noblewoman Vera Sheloga (, \"Boyarïnya Vera Sheloga\") is an opera in one act by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. Rimsky-Korsakov wrote the libretto, which he based on the first act of the play \"The Maid of Pskov\" by Lev Alexandrovich Mey. The opera was composed in 1898 from material omitted from the second version of Rimsky-Korsakov's setting of the play as an opera. The first and third versions of the opera \"The Maid of Pskov\" omit the first act of the play. The work was first performed in Moscow in 1898. It was later used as a prologue to \"The Maid of Pskov\" in a 1901 performance. The premiere performance took place in Moscow on 27 December 1898 at the Solodovnikov Theater. As a one-act opera, it was first given in the US on 9 May 1922 in New York. Vera's husband has been away on a campaign. In the meantime, she has given birth to Olga. She confesses to her unmarried sister, Nadezhda, of having been wooed by a man who passed through earlier (the man turns out to have been Ivan the Terrible), and that the baby is not her husband's. As this conversation ends, Vera's husband finally returns, surprised by the presence of the baby. Upon his demand to know where the baby came from, Nadezhda saves her sister by claiming to be the mother. Audio Recordings (\"Mainly studio recordings\") Source: www.operadis-opera-discography.org.uk The Noblewoman Vera Sheloga The Noblewoman Vera Sheloga (, \"Boyarïnya Vera Sheloga\") is an opera in one act by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. Rimsky-Korsakov wrote the libretto, which he based on the first act of the play \"The Maid of Pskov\" by Lev Alexandrovich Mey. The opera was composed in 1898 from material omitted from the second version of Rimsky-Korsakov's setting of the play as"
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"Jyouou (TV series) Season 1 was broadcast between 2005-Oct-07 and 2005-Dec-23, consisting of 12 episodes. The opening theme was \"What's Up\" by Koto and the ending theme was \"Perpetual Snow\" by Vo Vo Tau. Fujisaki Aya is a young college student whose family is 150 million yen in debt after her father's corporation went bankrupt. To earn the money, she enters the Hostess Grand Prix. Season 2 (AKA Jyouou Virgin) was broadcast between 2009-Oct-02 and 2009-Dec-18. The opening theme was \"Kimi ga Ite\" by May J. and the ending theme was \"with...\" by Sweet Black feat. Maki Goto Ando Mai is a young girl with a \"complex\". A learned habit from bullying in school over her \"large breasts\", Mai often \"escapes\" from troubling situations, and ends up being mistreated. To become a stronger person, she enters the \"Hostess Grand Prix\" competition. Jyouou (TV series) Season 1 was broadcast between 2005-Oct-07 and 2005-Dec-23, consisting of 12 episodes. The opening theme was \"What's Up\" by Koto and the ending theme was \"Perpetual Snow\" by Vo Vo Tau. Fujisaki Aya is a young college student whose family is 150 million yen in debt after her father's corporation went bankrupt. To earn the money,"
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"A Close Call A Close Call is an 1929 animated short film which is part of the early sound cartoon series entitled \"Aesop's Sound Fables\". It was produced by The Van Beuren Corporation and released by Pathé. Copyrighted on 1 December 1929, The film, like other Aesop Sound Fables at that time, featured Milton and Rita as the main characters. However, although it is part of the Aesop series, it is not based on an Aesop fable. The film begins with a mouse playing tulips in a bell-like fashion. Milton and Rita are seen dancing together. A cat, who is driving a car, sees Rita, and when Milton is not looking, kidnaps Rita. Milton, who then noticed Rita's disappearance, starts to chase after the car. The cat then takes Rita to a barn. The cat, then tries to offer Rita some pearls. He is unsuccessful, as Rita throws the pearls at his mouth, causing him to swallow them. Rita, then tries to outrun the cat, shielding herself in another room. Milton, then arrives at his barn and kicks down the doors. He then sees Rita and climb up the stair to try to get her out of the barn. He is unsuccessful, as the cat kicks him down the stairs. The cat then tries him up to a log, and then starts up a saw, with the intention of sawing him in half. The police then notice the noise, and with chivalry, start to descend onto the house. They circle the house and begin to starting shooting at the house. The cat is killed in the police ambush, after a shoot hits him, freeing Rita. Milton is saved by the police officer, who shuts off the saw. They both regroup and agree to get married. During the wedding, the pastor sneezes into the book. So the pastor then ties Milton and Rita's tails in two, which is a pun on tying the knot. The choir who were singing hymns before, then descend to \"You're in the Army Now!\". Milton and Rita then kiss. It then cuts to an scene, which states that \"2600 Years Ago Aesop Said, All's Well That Ends Well\", which is incorrect, as Aesop was not born 2600 years ago, and that the term \"All's Well That Ends Well\" is said by William Shakespeare, not Aesop. \"A Close Call\" was well received by the cinema magazines at that time. \"The Motion Picture News\" stated that the cartoon was \"Right up to standard, and even a little higher than average\" and also stating that it \"furnishes plenty of laughs for the light spot on your bill\". Whilst \"The Film Daily\" said that the film was a \"\"Fine Animated Film\"\", and also said that the film \"succeeded in creating considerable suspense\". Like many other Sound Fables, Milton and Rita are featured as the main characters in this cartoon. They are featured in a more simple mouse-like fashion, than the more complicated human-like fashion in cartoons like \"Circus Capers.\" A"
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"Columbia/Barnard Hillel Columbia/Barnard Hillel is, by far, the largest student activities group at Columbia University. It caters to the Jewish population at the undergraduate and graduate schools of Columbia University, Barnard College, and the Jewish Theological Seminary. There are over 50 groups, which may be focused on religion, social life, education, culture, Israel, and social justice It is located at the Robert Kraft Center for Jewish Life in a building made out of Jerusalem stone adjacent to the Columbia and Barnard campuses. During the Columbia University protests of 1968 the predecessor organization to the Hillel was headed by Rabbi A. Bruce Goldman. He was dismissed by the independent board of directors of the Jewish organization for participating in the demonstration and takeover of Campus buildings. During the protests Goldman was \"battered to semi-consciousness\" and had to be taken to the hospital. The Kraft Center offers a variety of educational courses catering to the Jewish community, including a daily Talmud class, currently taught by Itamar Rosensweig. Columbia/Barnard Hillel Columbia/Barnard Hillel is, by far, the largest student activities group at Columbia University. It caters to the Jewish population at the undergraduate and graduate schools of Columbia University, Barnard College, and the Jewish"
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"Covers (Beni album) COVERS is the first English-language cover album released by Beni Arashiro under her new label Universal Music Japan under the mononym Beni on March 21, 2012. This album contains cover songs from popular Japanese male singers in Japan. However, the original Japanese lyrics have been translated to English by Beni herself. The 13th song will be chosen by the fans through a request page. The song chosen by the fans is Naoto Inti Raymi's song \"Ima no Kimi wo Wasurenai\" Covers has been certified Gold by RIAJ for shipment of 100,000 copies. On 16 May, it was announced that Covers sold over 100,000 copies.making it Beni's highest ranked and best selling album so far. The website announced on 21 August, that a Deluxe version of \"Covers\" was going to be released on 12 September 2012. The new version would include a DVD with music video's and live video footage.<ref name=\"http://benibenibeni.com\"></ref> COVERS is the first cover album released by BENI and first album recording in English since her debut. It is a Japanese to English cover album that includes covers of songs by Japanese male singers, translated from their original songs to this album. The song \"Ti Amo\" was released as digital single. In the 3rd week of the release of COVERS, the album made the #3 spot on the Oricon charts while it made the #4 spot in the first week. The song \"Ti Amo\" debuted on the weekly Recochoku charts on #9. The album reached #1 in iTunes Japan and stayed #1 for 5 days. This is the first of Beni's album recorded in English but she did not plan to release the album in the USA or UK or any English speaking countries . In the first week, COVERS got the weekly spot #7 on the Oricon chart. On 9 April, in the 3rd week after her release, COVERS got the #2 spot on the daily oricon charts ranking. While in its first week of the release of the album, the highest daily Oricon ranking it got was #4. At the end of the 3rd chart week of COVERS, the album ranked at #3. On April 18 it was announced COVERS shipped already over 150,000 copies. And because of this success, the album would be released through iTunes in 51 countries. At the end of the 7th week, the album got the weekly Oricon spot #7, selling about 18,000 copies which was more than its opening week. In the 8th week of the release of the album, the album reached #1 on the daily Oricon ranking.The album became a huge success: ranking #2 on the Oricon weekly charts and selling even more copies than \"Lovebox\" (which ranked #1 on Oricon weekly charts). All English translation by BENI, except noted. Oricon Overall Sales Chart (Japan) Covers (Beni album) COVERS is the first English-language cover album released by Beni Arashiro under her new label Universal Music Japan under the mononym Beni on March 21, 2012. This album"
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"Stephen Campbell Brown Stephen Campbell Brown (21 October 1829 – 16 October 1882) was an Australian politician. He was born in Sydney to merchant John Brown and Frances Helen Watson. He was a solicitor's clerk, qualifying as a solicitor in 1852. In 1860 he married Emma Booth Jones; a second marriage on 20 August 1870 was to Jane Garrett. In 1864 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Newtown, where he served until his 1881 elevation to the Legislative Council. There he was appointed to the ministry to serve as Postmaster-General, but the following year he died in Sydney. Stephen Campbell Brown Stephen Campbell Brown (21 October 1829 – 16 October 1882) was an Australian politician. He was born in Sydney to merchant John Brown and Frances Helen Watson. He was a solicitor's clerk, qualifying as a solicitor in 1852. In 1860 he married Emma Booth Jones; a second marriage on 20 August 1870 was to Jane Garrett. In 1864 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Newtown, where he served until his 1881 elevation to the Legislative Council. There he was appointed to the ministry to serve as Postmaster-General, but the"
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"Hypermarket A \"hypermarket\" (sometimes called a \"supercenter\" or \"superstore\") is a big-box store combining a supermarket and a department store. The result is an expansive retail facility carrying a wide range of products under one roof, including full groceries lines and general merchandise. In theory, hypermarkets allow customers to satisfy all their routine shopping needs in one trip. The term \"hypermarket\" () was coined in 1968 by French trade expert Jacques Pictet. Hypermarkets, like other big-box stores, typically have business models focusing on high-volume, low-margin sales. Typically covering an area of , they generally have more than 200,000 different brands of merchandise available at any one time. Because of their large footprints, many hypermarkets choose suburban or out-of-town locations that are easily accessible by automobile. In 1963, Carrefour opened the first hypermarket in St Genevieve-de-Bois, near Paris, France. By the end of the twentieth century, stores were using labels such as \"mega-stores\" and \"warehouse\" stores to reflect their growing size. Loblaws established its Real Canadian Superstore chain in 1979. It sells mainly groceries, while also retailing clothing, electronics and housewares. The first European hypermarket is commonly mistaken to be the Carrefour store that opened in 1963, at Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois, France, The co-founders were influenced by the teachings of Colombian-born American marketing executive Bernardo Trujillo, who taught executive education as part of the NCR Corporation's marketing campaign. However, the Belgian retailer Grand Bazar preceded Carrefour by two years when it opened three hypermarkets in a short span in 1961 under the name \"SuperBazar\" after Belgian law restricting the size of department stores was abolished in January 1961. The first \"SuperBazar\", opened in Bruges on 9 September 1961, initially designed to become a non-food department store, however only covered a surface area of , and was later converted into a regular supermarket. The substantially larger store that opened a week later in Auderghem near Brussels, covering , is regarded as a more proper hypermarket that brought the concept to fruition. It was Belgian market development engineer , who adopted the concept from his frequent trips to the United States, particularly inspired from the Grand Union's \"Grand Way\" center in Paramus, New Jersey. The predecessor to Ito Yokado was founded in 1920 selling western goods, went public in 1957, and switched to that name in 1965. Seibu Department Stores was founded in 1956, and opened up its grocery chain Seiyu Group in 1963. Isao Nakauchi founded the first Daiei in Kobe in 1957, selling clothing, electronics, furniture and groceries all in one store. Jusco was created in 1970, and eventually became known as Aeon. In Japanese, hypermarkets are known as 総合スーパー (Sougou Suupaa, General Merchandise Stores). There is a distinction in Japanese between スーパー (Supers) and デパート (Departs) with the former being discounters, but the latter selling luxury brand clothing and quite often high-end groceries as well. Americans typically refrain from using the term \"hypermarket\", instead calling such establishments \"big-box stores\", \"supercenters\", or \"superstores\". Until the 1980s, large stores combining food and non-food items were unusual in the United States, although early predecessors of today's hypermarkets existed. The Pacific Northwest chain Fred Meyer, now a division of the Kroger supermarket company, opened the first suburban one-stop shopping center in 1931 in the Hollywood District of Portland, Oregon. The store's innovations included a grocery store alongside a drugstore plus off-street parking and an automobile lubrication and oil service. In 1933, men's and women's wear was added, and automotive department, housewares, and other nonfood products followed in succeeding years. In the mid 1930s, Fred Meyer opened a central bakery, a candy kitchen, an ice cream plant, and a photo-finishing plant, which supplied the company's stores in Portland and neighbouring cities with house brands such as Vita Bee bread, Hocus Pocus desserts, and Fifth Avenue candies. By the 1950s, Fred Meyer began opening stores that were to , and the 1960s saw the first modern-sized Fred Meyer hypermarkets. The Midwest chain Meijer, which today operates some 235 stores in six US states and calls the hypermarket format \"supercenter\", opened its first such \"super center\" in Grand Rapids, Michigan, in June 1962, under the brand name \"Thrifty Acres\". In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the three major US discount store chains – Walmart, Kmart and Target – started developing hypermarkets. Wal-Mart (as it was known before its late-2000s rebranding as Walmart) introduced Hypermart USA in 1987, followed by Wal-Mart Supercenter in 1988; Kmart opened its first Super Kmart (originally called Kmart Super Center) in 1991; and Target came with the first Target Greatland stores in 1990, followed by the larger SuperTarget stores in 1995. Most Greatland stores have since been converted to SuperTarget stores, while some have been converted into regular Target stores with the exception of 2 entrances (one example of this is the Antioch, California location). In the early 1990s, US hypermarkets also began selling fuel. The idea was first introduced in the 1960s, when a number of supermarket chains and retailers like Sears tried to sell fuel, but it didn't generate sufficient consumer interest at the time. Today there are approximately 4,500 hypermarket stores in the US selling fuel, representing an estimated sold each year. The average Walmart Supercenter covers around , with the largest ones covering . A typical Carrefour hypermarket still covers , while the European trend in the 2000s has rather turned towards smaller hypermarkets of . In France, INSEE defines hypermarkets () as non-specialized markets with a minimum size of . After the successes of super- and hyper-markets and amid fears that smaller stores would be forced out of business, France enacted laws that made it more difficult to build hypermarkets and also restricted the amount of economic leverage that hypermarket chains can impose upon their suppliers (the \"Loi Galland\"). In France, hypermarkets are generally situated in shopping centers () outside cities, though some are present in the city center. They are surrounded by extensive car parking facilities, and generally by other specialized superstores that sell clothing, sports gear, automotive items, etc. In Japan, hypermarkets may be found in urban areas as well as less populated areas. The Japanese government encourages hypermarket installations, as mutual investment by financial stocks are a common way to run hypermarkets. Japanese hypermarkets may contain restaurants, manga (Japanese comic) stands, Internet cafes, typical department store merchandise, a full range of groceries, beauty salons and other services all inside the same store. A recent trend has been to combine the dollar store concept with the hypermarket blueprint, giving rise to the \"hyakkin plaza\"—\"hyakkin\" (百均) or \"hyaku en\" (百円) means 100 yen (roughly 1 US dollar). Despite its success, the hypermarket business model may be under threat from on-line shopping and the shift towards customization according to analysts like Sanjeev Sanyal, Deutsche Bank's Global Strategist. Sanyal has also argued that some developing countries such as India may even skip the hypermarket stage and directly go online. Another category of stores sometimes included in the hypermarket category is the membership-based wholesale warehouse clubs that are popular in North America, pioneered by Fedco and today including Sam's Club, a division of Walmart; Costco, in which Carrefour owned some shares from 1985 to 1996; BJ's Wholesale Club on the East Coast; and Clubes City Club in Mexico. In Europe, Makro (owned by METRO AG) leads the market. However, warehouse clubs differ from",
"Despite its success, the hypermarket business model may be under threat from on-line shopping and the shift towards customization according to analysts like Sanjeev Sanyal, Deutsche Bank's Global Strategist. Sanyal has also argued that some developing countries such as India may even skip the hypermarket stage and directly go online. Another category of stores sometimes included in the hypermarket category is the membership-based wholesale warehouse clubs that are popular in North America, pioneered by Fedco and today including Sam's Club, a division of Walmart; Costco, in which Carrefour owned some shares from 1985 to 1996; BJ's Wholesale Club on the East Coast; and Clubes City Club in Mexico. In Europe, Makro (owned by METRO AG) leads the market. However, warehouse clubs differ from hypermarkets in that they have sparse interior decor and require paid membership. In addition, warehouse clubs usually sell bigger packages and have fewer choices in each category of items. Hypermarket A \"hypermarket\" (sometimes called a \"supercenter\" or \"superstore\") is a big-box store combining a supermarket and a department store. The result is an expansive retail facility carrying a wide range of products under one roof, including full groceries lines and general merchandise. In theory, hypermarkets allow customers to"
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"Krishna I Krishna I () (756–774 CE), an uncle of Dantidurga, took charge of the growing Rashtrakuta Empire by defeating the last Badami Chalukya ruler Kirtivarman II in 757. This is known from the copper plate grant of Emperor Govinda III of 807 and a copper plate grant of the Gujarat Rashtrakuta Emperor Karka from Baroda. He is also known as Kannara or Kannesvara and took the titles \"Akalavarsha\", \"Shubatunga\", \"Prithvivallabha\" and \"Shrivallabha\". He patronised the famous Jain logician Akalanka Bhatta, the author of \"Rajavartika\". Some historians are of the opinion that Krishna I usurped the throne from his nephew Dantidurga. But others disagree as the term \"demise of Dantidurga\" occur in the Kavi and Navasari copper plates indicating Krishna I must have ascended the throne after the death of Dantidurga. However, from the Baroda inscription it seems that Krishna I may have had to subdue another claimant to the throne, perhaps a Rashtrakuta princes or a son of Dantidurga. He successfully fought the Western Ganga Dynasty King Sripurusha (and acquired some territory in Gangavadi, modern Southern Karnataka) and the Shilaharas of South Konkan. He defeated the Eastern Chalukya ruler Vishnuvardhana IV. He was responsible for building 18 Shiva temples. 1800 coins of his, discovered recently, have the legend \"Parama Maheshvara\" which indicates his strong Shaiva faith. The Kailasa temple at Ellora is generally attributed to him, based on certain epigraphs. His eldest son, Govinda II came to power after him. Krishna I Krishna I () (756–774 CE), an uncle of Dantidurga, took charge of the growing Rashtrakuta Empire by defeating the last Badami Chalukya ruler Kirtivarman II in 757. This is known from the copper plate grant of Emperor Govinda III of 807 and a copper plate grant of the Gujarat Rashtrakuta Emperor Karka from Baroda. He is also"
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"Edward Saxon Edward Bradley Saxon (born November 17, 1956) is an American film producer. Saxon was born and raised in St. Louis, Missouri, and educated at Kirkwood High School from 1972 to 1976. He studied at McGill University from 1976 to 1980. While at McGill, he founded the Tuesday Night Cafe Theatre with Veronica Brady and Peter Grossman, and the company is still running today. Saxon acted in many plays at the Players' Theatre, McGill's famous Red and White Review. He also founded a radio comedy troupe called The Circle Jerks. He then studied at The Peter Stark Producing Program at the USC School of Cinema-Television. Saxon is arguably best known for the film \"The Silence of the Lambs\", which is, to date, the third and last film to sweep the five main categories of Academy Award for Best Actor, Best Actress, Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Director, and Best Picture. (The others are \"It Happened One Night\" and \"One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest\".) Formerly Jonathan Demme's producing partner, his films include \"Beloved\", \"Ulee's Gold\", \"That Thing You Do!\", \"The Truth About Charlie\", \"Married to the Mob\", \"Miami Blues\" and \"Philadelphia\". After parting ways with Demme, Saxon produced Charlie Kaufman and Spike Jonze's \"Adaptation.\". He produced Richard Linklater's \"Fast Food Nation\" in 2006. More recent projects include \"Away We Go\", directed by Sam Mendes, and \"Our Family Wedding\", starring Forest Whitaker and America Ferrera. Originally an actor, Saxon was one of VH1's first VJ's in New York City. He has made several cameos in the films he has produced, most notably as a head in a jar in \"Silence of the Lambs\". Edward Saxon Edward Bradley Saxon (born November 17, 1956) is an American film producer. Saxon was born and raised in St. Louis, Missouri, and educated at Kirkwood High"
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"Hollywood Plantation The Hollywood Plantation in Thomasville, Georgia was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003. It is a property with four contributing buildings, including its main house which is a Colonial Revival-style mansion built in 1928. The mansion was built for Mr. and Mrs. Henry K. Devereux, who had owned the property since 1915 and had improved its main house, but that had burned in a fire on January 20, 1928. The new mansion, named \"Hollywood\", is a brick house with a green slate roof. The front of its central two-story portion has a pedimented portico with four Ionic columns. It presides from a grassy hill and is approached by a winding drive. Its red brick is laid in Flemish bond; white marble from the Georgia Marble Company of Tate, Georgia is used for keystones, quoins and trim. It was deemed significant for its architecture and for its use in entertainment/recreation, as used by Henry K. Devereux, who had retired from industry in 1911 and was then a harness horse fancier. He bred and trained harness racing horses at the Pastime Stables, near this property. The other contributing buildings include a manager/jockey's house (c.1890) and a board-and-batten caretaker's cottage (c.1920). The property also has a contributing structure and several non-contributing buildings and structures. The mansion was designed by architect John B. Thomas; it was expected to cost $75,000 to build and was built by Ezra Quarterman Stacey. The architect had practiced in New York then moved to the Florida and Georgia area around 1925. Other works by the architect include two projects in the Lake Wales Commercial Historic District, the Rhodesbilt Arcade (1926) and the Burns Arcade (1925-26 remodel). The property was when Devereux bought it, then expanded to . After Devereux died in 1932, land was sold off for subdivisions and it was reduced to 38 acres in 1958. Hollywood Plantation The Hollywood Plantation in Thomasville, Georgia was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003. It is a property with four contributing buildings, including its main house which is a Colonial Revival-style mansion built in 1928. The mansion was built for Mr. and Mrs. Henry K. Devereux, who had owned the property since 1915 and had improved its main house, but that had burned in a fire on January 20, 1928. The new mansion, named \"Hollywood\", is a brick house with a"
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"Lamidi Adedibu Lamidi Ariyibi Akanji Adedibu (24 October 1927 – 11 June 2008) was an aristocratic power broker in Oyo State, Nigeria. Former President Olusegun Obasanjo described him as the \"father of the PDP\". Adedibu was born on October 24, 1927 at Oja-Oba, Ibadan, a member of the Olupoyi chieftaincy ruling house. Adedibu entered politics in the 1950s, when he became a member of the Ibadan People's Party, and then joined the Action Group under Chief Obafemi Awolowo. Later he was a member of the National Party of Nigeria (NPN) led by Chiefs Adisa Akinloye and Richard Akinjide. He became an increasing force in politics during the military reign of General Ibrahim Babangida, during which the NPN exploited the open ballot electoral system into an instrument of electoral fraud. His brand of politics was described as a blend of populism and raw thuggery that often compelled either violent loyalty or violent opposition. It was said that nobody assumed any political post in Oyo state without Adedibu's approval, leading to him being called \"the strong man of Ibadan politics\". His son, Kamorudeen Adekunle Adedibu, was elected Senator for Oyo South in April 2007. Senator Teslim Folarin, elected to the Senate for Oyo Central was his protégé. Rasheed Ladoja, who became governor of the state in May 2003, was another protégé, although by August 2004, Ladoja and Adedibu were locked in a fierce struggle over allocation of government appointees. Adedibu died at the University College Hospital in Ibadan on 11 June 2008, leaving the chiefly rank and title of the Ekarun of Ibadan to be assumed by one of his subordinates in the clan's royal line of succession. Lamidi Adedibu Lamidi Ariyibi Akanji Adedibu (24 October 1927 – 11 June 2008) was an aristocratic power broker in Oyo State, Nigeria. Former President"
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"Benedict Rattigan Benedict Rattigan (born 1965) is an English writer and documentary film-maker. As a television producer, he has made films for the BBC, NBC, C4 and Granada Television. In addition to publishing two books, he has written articles for periodicals from The Philosopher to Time Out. In 2006, he founded the UK branch of the Albert Schweitzer Institute, campaigning on issues relating to animal welfare, human rights and the environment. He was educated at Eton College (’79-’83) and Oxford University (’92-’93), where he read philosophy. The son of the royal portrait painter Michael Noakes and the writer and academic Vivien Noakes. he legally adopted the surname Rattigan in 2015. A friend of Paul McCartney and Heather Mills, his phone was allegedly hacked on numerous occasions by Glenn Mulcaire at the time of the McCartneys' divorce in 2006. He is one of 46 claimants who brought a claim for compensation against Mulcaire and News International in April 2012. Benedict Rattigan Benedict Rattigan (born 1965) is an English writer and documentary film-maker. As a television producer, he has made films for the BBC, NBC, C4 and Granada Television. In addition to publishing two books, he has written articles for periodicals from"
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"Arohasina Andrianarimanana Andriamirado Aro Hasina Andrianarimanana (born 21 April 1991) commonly known by the nickname Dax is a Malagasy footballer who plays as a midfielder. He plays for the national team and Kaizer Chiefs in South Africa. His last name is sometimes recorded as Andrianarima. In August 2018 Andrianarimanana made the move to Kaizer Chiefs. The transfer was a controversial one as Andrianarimanana's former club Fosa Juniors FC insisted that the player was still under contract with their club, while the Kaizer Chiefs' staff said that they were under the impression that Andriamirado was a free agent. Andrianarimanana signed a two-year deal with the club. Andrianarimanana played at the 2017 and 2018 COSAFA Cup, in the latter competition he was named player of the tournament. Arohasina Andrianarimanana Andriamirado Aro Hasina Andrianarimanana (born 21 April 1991) commonly known by the nickname Dax is a Malagasy footballer who plays as a midfielder. He plays for the national team and Kaizer Chiefs in South Africa. His last name is sometimes recorded as Andrianarima. In August 2018 Andrianarimanana made the move to Kaizer Chiefs. The transfer was a controversial one as Andrianarimanana's former club Fosa Juniors FC insisted that the player was still under"
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"29th Colored Regiment Monument The 29th Colored Regiment Monument is a monument located in Criscuolo Park in New Haven, Connecticut, United States. The monument commemorates the soldiers of the 29th Connecticut Infantry Regiment (Colored) and is located on the grounds of where more than 900 black recruits trained in 1863. It was designed by Ed Hamilton, a sculptor well known for the Amistad Memorial that is also located in New Haven. Connecticut's 29th Colored Regiment was the first all-black regiment in Connecticut and consisted of more than 900 enlisted men who volunteered to fight in the American Civil War. Recruiting began in August 1863 and the Connecticut General Assembly passed legislation for the creation of the black regiment that would have white officers. In January 1864, the 29th Regiment was filled and mustered in Fair Haven, Connecticut in March 1864. The 29th Regiment fought in the Siege of Petersburg in Petersburg, Virginia from August 12 through September 24 and took several other actions in Virginia before arriving in Richmond, Virginia and witnessed President Abraham Lincoln's address on April 5, 1865. 29th Colored Regiment Monument The 29th Colored Regiment Monument is a monument located in Criscuolo Park in New Haven, Connecticut,"
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"Lakshmi Stuti Lakshmi Stuti is a prayer for Lakshmi, the Hindu goddess of wealth and prosperity. Believed to be authored by Indra, The prayer is found in ancient scriptures from Sanatana Dharma. According to the Vishnu Purana, Durvasa Muni (Lord Shiva's incarnation) gave Indra a flower necklace. Indra put it on his elephant, who threw it down. An angry Durvasa cursed Indra that he would lose his kingdom. Soon enough, the world became Sri-less, and Indra and Gods lost. They all came to Brahma, who also accompanied them to Kshir Sagar. There, they all prayed to Vishnu. He appeared and advised them to do Sagar Manthan with the help of the asuras. Sagar Manthan was performed with the help of Sri Vishnu himself, where he empowered the devas and the asuras, as well as the great serpent Vasuki, and also held the great mountain used to churn the ocean. From Sagar Manthan came many great wonders. Goddess Lakshmi appeared, and after being worshiped by the ocean personified and all the sacred rivers and Gods, took place in the heart of Lord Vishnu (Vaksha Sthal - chest). Then Amrit appeared and Lord Keshav tricked the asuras and devas and drank the amrit. The Devas then defeated the Asuras. Thereafter, Indra worshiped Lakshmi with this stuti. Lakshmi appeared and granted a wish to Indra. Indra asked that Sri Lakshmi never give up this world ever again (because when Sri Lakshmi gives up her sight from this world, this world loses all virtues and becomes Sattva Heen. All Tap is lost and Yajyas are lost too). Secondly, he asked that whoever worships Sri Lakshmi with this prayer, may Sri Lakshmi never leave that person. Sri Lakshmi granted these wishes. Indra then recited the “Lakshmi Stuti” after which, Lakshmi, being satisfied by the prayer, granted Lord Indra with a wish. Indra wished that she would never give up on the three worlds. He asked for a second wish, that being, who ever praises Lakshmi with this prayer that she never leave them. Lakshmi replied that she would not leave this world and was satisfied Indra's prayer, thereby granting the wish that every human being who praises her with this prayer twice a day in the morning and evening, she will never leave him. Lakshmi Stuti Lakshmi Stuti is a prayer for Lakshmi, the Hindu goddess of wealth and prosperity. Believed to be authored by"
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"Mochi (magazine) Mochi is an online quarterly magazine and daily blog with a mission statement that aims to empower young Asian American women. \"Mochi\" was founded by Maggie Hsu, Stephanie Wu, and Sandra Sohn in 2008. The magazine's conceived goal was to \"provide a community for Asian American teenage girls to access sisterly advice and gain self-esteem,\" with articles written from a range of perspectives, including high school students, college women, young professionals, and other role models. The magazine was originally intended to be a print publication, but transitioned online to appeal to a younger audience, overcome printing costs and reach a wider geographic range of readers. It is entirely run by an all-volunteer staff. Current members of the executive board include Maggie Hsu, Stephanie Wu, Christine Wei, and Tiffany Hu. \"Mochi\" has served as a catalyst for conversation on the Asian American identity in the film, music, politics, fashion and everyday life. The first issue had actress Brenda Song as a cover girl, which was arranged through the founders' connection to the entertainment industry. Since then, \"Mochi\" has interviewed multiple prominent role models in the Asian American community, including YouTube beauty vlogger Michelle Phan, Yahoo! co-founder Jerry Yang, \"The Bling Ring\" actress Katie Chang, comedian Margaret Cho, professional golfer Michelle Wie, Bay Area politician Evan Low, \"Big Hero 6\" actor Daniel Henney, Mandopop singer Wang Leehom, and K-pop group f(x)'s Amber Liu, among others. In 2010, \"Mochi\" released the first and only comprehensive college guide for Asian American teens. A year later, \"Mochi\" compiled a list of twenty-five influential Asian American youth in an article called \"The Ultimate 25 under 25\", published in the Spring 2011 issue. Although entertainment and beauty articles have attracted the majority of site hits, \"Mochi\" has also published a diverse collection of articles pertaining to health, mental well-being, relationships, food, travel and culture. Over the years, \"Mochi\" writers have addressed hard-hitting issues in the Asian American community, such as the Asian American body image, the model minority myth, the \"bamboo ceiling\", and stigma surrounding LGBT identity and interracial dating. Since 2011, \"Mochi\" has published a series of articles on safe sex and protection against STDs. With the rise of the digital age, there has been an increasing focus on articles guiding young women interested in pursuing technology careers. In October 2011, \"Mochi\" hosted its first live networking event called \"Faces of Mochi\" in New York's Folli Follie store, celebrating the launch of its Fall 2011 issue, thus gathering young Asian Americans all across the country for a night full of fashion and fun. In September 2012, \"Mochi\" hosted its first open model call at the Work Gallery in Ann Arbor, Michigan. In the following years, \"Mochi\" continued to hold special events, including wine socials, shopping experiences at BaubleBar (March 2013) and Club Clio (May 2015), chocolate tastings with ROYCE' Chocolate (June 2013) and movies screenings (November 2013). \"Mochi\" has a growing presence at journalism workshops and Asian American community events. Executive board members and staff members have presented at the Midwest Asian American Students Union (MAASU), the East Coast Asian American Student Union (ECAASU), and the Intercollegiate Taiwanese American Students Association (ITASA). In November 2013, co-founder Maggie Hsu visited several East Coast collegiate organizations including the Chinese Students' Association, Sangam and Taiwanese Society at UPenn and Kappa Phi Lambda Sorority at University of Connecticut. \"Mochi\" has partnered with various Asian American interest groups such as the Banyan Tree Project, \"Audrey\", NYU-based Asian American publication \"Generasian\", Kollaboration, ITASA, Harvard University's Identities Fashion Show, Amp Music Festival, Lunar New Year Festival by Xi'an Famous Foods, and others, through co-hosted events and sponsored posts. Starting in June 2014, \"Mochi\" reached an agreement with \"The Epoch Times\", an international media organization, to republish past \"Mochi\" beauty articles. \"Mochi\" earned recognition as an up-and-coming business venture at the Harvard Asian American Alumni Summit in 2010, reaching the semi-finalist stage of the Elevate Pitch Competition. Semi-finalists were chosen by a panel of judges \"based on the creativity, integrity and originality of their ideas, as well as worthiness of funding.\" \"Diagnosing the Asian American Eating Disorder,\" an article written for the Winter 2010 issue, was later republished in the 2012 edition of Eating Disorders (Opposing Viewpoints), a Cengage textbook. Other articles by \"Mochi\" have been cited by major media outlets in the past, including \"New York Magazine,\" \"Complex,\" \"XoJane,\" and \"VICE.\" \"Mochi\" released 28 issues since 2014. Mochi (magazine) Mochi is an online quarterly magazine and daily blog with a mission statement that aims to empower young Asian American women. \"Mochi\" was founded by Maggie Hsu, Stephanie Wu, and Sandra Sohn in 2008. The magazine's conceived goal was to \"provide a community for Asian American teenage girls to access sisterly advice and gain self-esteem,\" with articles written from a range of"
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"Call progress analysis Call Progress Analysis (CPA), also called Call Progress Detection (CPD), is a generic term for signal processing algorithms that operate on audio during call setup. The goal of CPA is to determine the nature of the callee or the outcome of call setup to an external network (traditional or IP). Specifically, when a call or session is being established, the caller or initiator is interested in knowing if someone answered, if the line is busy, etc. When the caller is an automated application, such as an automated dialer or message broadcasting system, CPA algorithms are used to perform the classification automatically. Modern CPA methods in combination with automated outbound dialing applications, ensure fast and accurate automated call classification, which automatically translate in better efficiency of agents and higher quality customer interactions. Traditional Call Progress Analysis implementations rely on simple rule-based algorithms which provide sub-optimal accuracy of speed of processing, leading to significant inefficiencies in operations and issues in meeting compliance from new government regulations. Using statistical models based on Neural Networks to represent the potential outcomes of an outbound call attempt, companies can meet and exceed these regulations. This approach identifies much better the call patterns that represent call progress events and provides CPA results with far superior accuracy, speed and flexibility compared to traditional approaches. Call progress analysis Call Progress Analysis (CPA), also called Call Progress Detection (CPD), is a generic term for signal processing algorithms that operate on audio during call setup. The goal of CPA is to determine the nature of the callee or the outcome of call setup to an external network (traditional or IP). Specifically, when a call or session is being established, the caller or initiator is interested in knowing if someone answered, if the line is busy, etc. When the"
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"Lectionary 38 Lectionary 38, designated by siglum ℓ \"38\" (in the Gregory-Aland numbering). It is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 15th-century. Formerly it was labelled as 5. The codex contains Lessons from the Gospels of John, Matthew, Luke lectionary (\"Evangelistarium\"), and Lessons from Book of Acts and Pauline epistles (\"Apostolos\"), with some lacunae. It is written in Greek minuscule letters, on 56 parchment leaves (), in two columns per page, in 27-30 lines per page. It has singular reading in Acts 12:25 εις την Αντιοχειαν (\"to Antioch\"), majority reads εις Ιερουσαλημ (\"to Jerusalem\"); Formerly it was held in the Konstamonitou monastery at Athos. Afterwards it belonged to Caesar de Missy. It was examined by Matthaei. The manuscript is sporadically cited in the critical editions of the Greek New Testament (UBS3). Currently the codex is located in the University of Göttingen (Cod. Ms. theol. 33) in Göttingen. Lectionary 38 Lectionary 38, designated by siglum ℓ \"38\" (in the Gregory-Aland numbering). It is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 15th-century. Formerly it was labelled as 5. The codex contains"
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"Hervey Benham Hervey William Gurney Benham (; 1910–1987) was the pioneering proprietor of Essex County Newspapers, a prolific author of books on Essex and the East Coast, an accomplished musician and a significant benefactor. Of his at least fourteen books, among the best known are \"Down Tops'l\", \"Last Stronghold of Sail\" and \"Once Upon a Tide\". Hervey Benham was the son of William Gurney Benham (three-times Mayor of Colchester and editor of the \"Essex County Standard\" from 1884 to 1943) and Ethel Hervey Elwes. He succeeded his father as editor of the \"Essex County Standard\" from 1943 to 1965. In 1964 he commenced production of the paper using web-offset lithography a revolutionary printing process that he had pioneered with fellow newspaper proprietor Arnold Quick in Colchester, Essex. The Standard was described by the trade paper \"Printing World\" as Britain's best produced weekly newspaper. His daughter, Jane Benham, played a significant role in the maritime educational East Coast Sail Trust, in which Hervey was also involved, and in the preservation of Thames sailing barges. Books written by Hervey Benham include: Hervey Benham Hervey William Gurney Benham (; 1910–1987) was the pioneering proprietor of Essex County Newspapers, a prolific author of books"
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"Suburbia Roller Derby Suburbia Roller Derby (SRD) is a roller derby league based in Yonkers, New York. Founded in 2007, Suburbia Roller Derby is a member of the Women's Flat Track Derby Association. Suburbia was founded in by Slim Fast and Suffah Kate, two former members of the CT RollerGirls. The league has three home teams, plus two travel teams which compete against teams from other leagues. The league began bouting in late 2007 and, by mid-2008, it had more than thirty skaters. In February 2009, it became a member of the Women's Flat Track Derby Association, and in 2010, it hosted \"Derby in the Burbs\", that year's WFTDA Eastern Regional Tournament. In 2013, Suburbia qualified for WFTDA Playoffs for the first time, as the tenth seed at the Division 2 tournament in Kalamazoo, Michigan. Suburbia went winless for the weekend, including a 233-221 loss to Queen City Roller Girls, to finish in tenth place. Suburbia returned to Division 2 Playoffs in 2014 as the ninth seed at the tournament in Duluth, Minnesota. Suburbia made it to the fifth place game but lost to Treasure Valley Rollergirls 236-111 and finished in sixth place. Suburbia Roller Derby Suburbia Roller Derby (SRD)"
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"Embarcadero (San Diego) The Embarcadero in San Diego, California is the area along the San Diego harbor on the east side of San Diego Bay. \"Embarcadero\" is a Spanish word meaning \"landing place\". The Embarcadero sits on property administered by the Port of San Diego, in the Columbia district of Downtown San Diego. The Embarcadero is home to the San Diego cruise ship terminal, the USS Midway museum ship at Navy Pier, the Star of India and seven other historic vessels belonging to the San Diego Maritime Museum, and various restaurants and shops from the North Embarcadero down through Seaport Village. The Port is redeveloping the historic Broadway Pier to create a second cruise-ship pier and terminal. That project is slated for completion in December 2010. Embarcadero Circle is a redevelopment project in the North Embarcadero, located at Broadway and Harbor Drive. It is scheduled for completion in 2010. It will include the new cruise ship terminal at Broadway Pier, as well as two hotels: a 27-story Marriott hotel with 500 rooms and a . concert venue, and a 40 story Manchester Grand Hyatt Embarcadero Circle is located north of the Navy Broadway Complex. In 1997 a major redevelopment of the Embarcadero was proposed, to be carried out through a Joint Powers Authority (JPA), composed of the City of San Diego, the Centre City Development Corporation (CCDC), and the Port of San Diego. The proposed redevelopment was called the North Embarcadero Visionary Plan, a multi-phased redevelopment of the waterfront in Downtown San Diego. This redevelopment project proposed to move Harbor Drive to the east and build an esplanade from B Street Pier to the former Navy Pier along Harbor Drive. It also included public art displays, tree groves and open spaces, while continuing San Diego's tradition of having a working waterfront, according to Port plans. The proposed redevelopment area was bordered by Market Street to the south (Marina District), Laurel Street to the north (Little Italy), and the railroad tracks to the east. However, the proposed redevelopment project was sent back to the drawing boards in April 2010 when the California Coastal Commission rejected it. A major issue was the disappearance from the plan of an originally proposed grassy park. In the plan rejected by the Coastal Commission, the park had been replaced by a smaller, hardscape plaza. The Port will now amend its master plan and resubmit its proposal for Coastal Commission approval - a process that can take several years. Embarcadero (San Diego) The Embarcadero in San Diego, California is the area along the San Diego harbor on the east side of San Diego Bay. \"Embarcadero\" is a Spanish word meaning \"landing place\". The Embarcadero sits on property administered by the Port of San Diego, in the Columbia district of Downtown San Diego. The Embarcadero is home to the San Diego cruise ship terminal, the USS Midway museum ship at Navy Pier, the Star of India and seven other historic vessels belonging to the San Diego Maritime Museum,"
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"The House in Lordship Lane The House in Lordship Lane is a 1946 British detective novel written by A.E.W. Mason. It is the fifth and final novel in the Hanaud series of stories featuring Inspector Hanaud of the French police. Unlike the rest of the series, the story is set in England in Lordship Lane, a thoroughfare in East Dulwich, South London. Julius Ricardo hitches a lift home across the English Channel from Lézardrieux to Dartmouth on a friend's ketch in response to an unexpected visit to London from his friend Inspector Hanaud. En route they pick up an escapee from a prison ship, who holds a grudge against Daniel Horbury, M.P. When Horbury is found dead at his home in Lordship Lane, Hanaud and Ricardo assist Scotland Yard in the investigation, which also involves Septimus Crottle, the patriarchal owner of the Dagger shipping line, and his extended family. The House in Lordship Lane The House in Lordship Lane is a 1946 British detective novel written by A.E.W. Mason. It is the fifth and final novel in the Hanaud series of stories featuring Inspector Hanaud of the French police. Unlike the rest of the series, the story is set in"
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"Veronica Rossi Veronica Rossi (born 16 June 1973) is a Brazilian-American novelist known for her debut \"New York Times\"-bestselling book trilogy \"Under the Never Sky\". Film rights to the trilogy have been optioned by Warner Brothers Studios, with the novel being sold in more than 25 international markets. Before Rossi wrote her first book, she completed undergraduate studies at the University of California in Los Angeles and went on to study fine art at the California College of the Arts in San Francisco. Her new novel \"Riders\" is expected for a release in 2016. She also co-authors new adult novels under the pen name Noelle August with writer and editor, Lorin Oberweger. Rossi moved often in her childhood and lived in Mexico and Venezuela. Rossi currently lives in Northern California with her husband and two sons. When not writing, she enjoys reading, painting, and counting down the minutes until she can get back to making up stories about imaginary people. Veronica Rossi Veronica Rossi (born 16 June 1973) is a Brazilian-American novelist known for her debut \"New York Times\"-bestselling book trilogy \"Under the Never Sky\". Film rights to the trilogy have been optioned by Warner Brothers Studios, with the novel"
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"Mazda Motor Indonesia PT. Mazda Motor Indonesia was an official distributor company of the Mazda Motor Corporation from 2006 to 2017. It was preceded by the former joint venture between the Mazda Motor Corporation and the IndoMobil Group, PT. National Motors. The company is located in Jakarta, Indonesia and has once built two different Mazda Familia based car models. The manufacturing company and joint venture with IndoMobil Group was founded in 1985 and discontinued in 1997. The PA monthly production of approximately 1,500 units were planned. The new successor to PT. National Motors is PT. Mazda Motor Indonesia, which is directly owned by Mazda Motor Corporation. The company is founded on April 27, 2006. By 2015, the main profit of the company comes majorly from the Mazda CX-5 (48%) and Mazda2 (32%). On February 1, 2017, the distribution of Mazda vehicles were taken over by Eurokars Group, announced on October 14, 2016. — Mazda Motor Indonesia PT. Mazda Motor Indonesia was an official distributor company of the Mazda Motor Corporation from 2006 to 2017. It was preceded by the former joint venture between the Mazda Motor Corporation and the IndoMobil Group, PT. National Motors. The company is located in Jakarta,"
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"Michael Strank Michael Strank (November 10, 1919 – March 1, 1945) was an American soldier, United States Marine Corps sergeant who was killed in action during the Battle of Iwo Jima in World War II. He is best known for being one of the six flag-raisers who helped raise the second U.S. flag atop Mount Suribachi on February 23, 1945 as shown in the iconic photograph \"Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima\". The Marine Corps War Memorial located in Arlington, Virginia, which was modeled after the flag-raising photograph, depicts bronze statues of each of the six Marine flag-raisers. Michael Strank was born in Jarabina, Czechoslovakia (now in Slovakia). His two brothers, Peter and John, and his sister Mary were born in the United States to Vasil Strank (later, in the U.S., known as Charles Strank) and Marta Grófiková, Ukrainian-Lemko immigrants. Vasil Strank moved to Franklin Borough (near Johnstown, Pennsylvania, United States), found work in the coal mines for the Bethlehem Steel Corporation, and brought his family to Pennsylvania three years later, when he could pay for their voyage. Strank attended the public schools of Franklin Borough and graduated from Franklin Borough High School in 1937. He joined the Civilian Conservation Corps, served for 18 months, and afterwards became a Pennsylvania state highway laborer. Strank enlisted in the Marine Corps at Pittsburgh for four years service on October 6, 1939. He was assigned to the Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island in South Carolina. He completed recruit training in December and was transferred to Headquarters Company, Post Troop and then to Provisional Company W at Parris Island, on January 17, 1941. Private First Class Strank sailed for Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, arriving on January 23, 1941. He was reassigned to Headquarters Company, 3rd Battalion, 7th Marines, 1st Marine Brigade (on February 1, the 1st Marine Brigade was redesignated the 1st Marine Division). On April 8, now assigned to Company K, he returned to the United States and was sent back to Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island. He was promoted to corporal on April 23, 1941. In September, Strank moved with the 1st Marine Division to New River, North Carolina, which is where he was stationed when the attack on Pearl Harbor occurred. On January 26, 1942, Strank was promoted to sergeant. In early April, he was sent with the 3rd Battalion, 7th Marines to San Diego, California and shipped out of there on April 12. On May 31, 1942, his battalion landed on the island of Uvea. In September, after a short time with the 22nd Marine Regiment, he was transferred to the 3rd Marine Raider Battalion also on Uvea. As a member of the \"3rd Raiders\", he participated in the landing operations and occupation of Pavuvu in the Russell Islands from February 21 to March 18, 1943 and in the seizure and occupation of the Empress Augusta Bay during the Battle of Bougainville from November 1 to January 12, 1944. On February 14, 1944, when his and the other Marine Raider units were in the process of being disbanded, he was sent to San Diego and allowed a leave to visit his family. Strank returned to duty in San Diego and was assigned to Second Platoon, Company E, 2nd Battalion, 28th Marine Regiment, 5th Marine Division at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, as a squad leader. He was sent to Hawaii with his unit after extensive training, and began more training and preparation for the invasion of Iwo Jima. Strank took part in the 28th Marines amphibious assault landing at the southern part of Iwo Jima near Mount Suribachi on February 19, 1945. The 28th Marines mission was to capture Mount Suribachi. At 8 AM on the morning of February 23, E Company's executive officer, First Lieutenant Harold Schrier, led a 40-man patrol whose members were mostly from Third Platoon, E Company, up 556-foot high Mount Suribachi to seize and occupy the crest. Once the top was secure by Lt. Schrier and his men, the Second Battalion's flag Schrier carried was attached to a steel Japanese water pipe by Lt. Schrier, Sgt. Henry Hansen, and Cpl. Charles Lindberg. The flag was taken to the highest position on the crater and raised and planted by Lt. Schrier, Platoon Sergeant Ernest Thomas, and Sgt. Hansen at about 10:30 AM. In order for the American flag to be seen more easily from the ships, beaches, and land on the north side of Mount Suribachi (where more Japanese soldiers were located and more fighting would occur in the days ahead), it was decided that another larger flag should be flown on Mt. Suribachi. Strank was ordered by E Company's commander to ascend Mount Suribachi with three Marines from his rifle squad in Second Platoon and raise the replacement flag. Strank then ordered Cpl. Harlon Block, Pfc. Ira Hayes, and Pfc. Franklin Sousley to go with him up Mount Suribachi with supplies. Pfc. Rene Gagnon, the Second Battalion's runner (messenger) for E Company, was ordered to take the replacement flag up the mountain and return with the first flag that was flying on top. Once Strank's team was on top (after Gagnon), Hayes and Sousley found a Japanese pipe to attach the flag to. Once done, the flagstaff was placed close to first flag's position and, under Lt. Schrier's orders, the replacement flag was raised at approximately 1 p.m. by Strank, Hayes, Sousley, and Block (Sgt. Hansen was incorrectly identified as being at the base of the flagstaff -- where Block was -- until January 1947), Gagnon (Strank called for Gagnon and another Marine to help), and Pfc. Harold Schultz, a member of the 40-man patrol who was also present at the first flag-raising (the Marine Corps announced on June 23, 2016, that Schultz raised the second flag and Navy corpsman John Bradley did not), as the original flag came down. In order to keep the flagstaff in a vertical position in the high winds on the summit, rocks were immediately added to the base of the flagstaff by Gagnon, Schultz and others nearby. A rope was then tied to the flagstaff which was staked to the ground in three places (Bradley assisted the Marines using the rope). The six Marine flag-raisers were photographed in mid-action by Associated Press photographer Joe Rosenthal and by Marine motion picture cameraman Sergeant William (Bill) Genaust (later killed in action) in color. After the second flag-raising, Rosenthal photographed sixteen Marines including Strank and two Navy corpsmen around the base of the flagstaff. Rosenthal's black and white flag-raising picture which appeared in newspapers on Sunday, February 25, 1945, was later titled Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima. It became the most copied photograph in history or at least in Marine Corps history. By late March 1945, Sgt. Strank, Cpl. Block, and Pfc. Sousley, were killed in action (Platoon Sgt. Ernest Thomas and Sgt. Henry Hansen of the first flag-raising were also killed). On February 28, Strank and E Company moved northward. Fighting was heavy, and both the Japanese and the American forces were taking heavy casualties. On March 1, Strank's rifle squad came under heavy fire and took cover. While forming a plan of attack, he was killed by friendly artillery fire. The shell that killed him was almost certainly fired from offshore by an American ship. Cpl. Harlon Block, Strank's assistant squad leader, took command of the squad. Block was killed later on the same day by a Japanese mortar shell. However, Ralph Griffiths of Second Platoon, Easy Company, claimed that Strank and Block were on both sides of him on March 1 and were killed by the same shell that also wounded him. Strank and the other Marines killed in action of the 28th Regiment were buried in the 5th Marine Division Cemetery on the island with the last rites of the Roman Catholic Church. Strank (and possibly Block) was the first person in the Rosenthal's flag raising photograph to be killed. On January 13, 1949, his remains were reinterred in Grave 7179, Section 12, Arlington National Cemetery. Strank's brother Peter Strank, was serving",
"from offshore by an American ship. Cpl. Harlon Block, Strank's assistant squad leader, took command of the squad. Block was killed later on the same day by a Japanese mortar shell. However, Ralph Griffiths of Second Platoon, Easy Company, claimed that Strank and Block were on both sides of him on March 1 and were killed by the same shell that also wounded him. Strank and the other Marines killed in action of the 28th Regiment were buried in the 5th Marine Division Cemetery on the island with the last rites of the Roman Catholic Church. Strank (and possibly Block) was the first person in the Rosenthal's flag raising photograph to be killed. On January 13, 1949, his remains were reinterred in Grave 7179, Section 12, Arlington National Cemetery. Strank's brother Peter Strank, was serving aboard the aircraft carrier \"USS Franklin\" in the South Pacific when Michael Strank was killed. The Marine Corps War Memorial (also known as the Iwo Jima Memorial) in Arlington, Virginia, which was inspired by Rosenthal's photograph of the second flag-raising on Mount Suribachi, was dedicated on November 10, 1954. Michael Strank is depicted as the fourth bronze statue from the base of the flagstaff on the monument with the 32 foot (9.8 M) bronze statues of the other five flag-raisers on the monument (as of June 23, 2016, Franklin Sousley and Harold Schultz are depicted as the third and fifth bronze statues from the bottom of the flagstaff). President Dwight D. Eisenhower sat upfront with Vice President Richard Nixon, Deputy Secretary of Defense Robert Anderson, and General Lemuel C. Shepherd, the 20th Commandant of the Marine Corps during the dedication ceremony. Two of the three surviving flag-raisers depicted on the monument, Ira Hayes and Rene Gagnon, were seated together with John Bradley (he was incorrectly identified as a surviving flag-raiser) in the front rows of seats along with relatives of those who were killed in action on the island. Speeches were given by Richard Nixon, Robert Anderson who dedicated the memorial, and General Shepherd who presented the memorial to the American people. Inscribed on the memorial are the following words: Strank's military decorations and awards include: Strank was born on November 10, the Marine Corps birthday. The members of Sgt. Mike Strank's rifle squad idolized him (Cpl. Harlon Block for one followed his every instruction without question), and many men since who served with and alongside him have stated he had a way of setting them at ease, making them feel that \"he\" could help them survive the war. Of the men photographed raising the second flag on Iwo Jima, Strank at age 25, was the oldest and most experienced in combat. In interviews of former Marines conducted years later, many documented in the book \"Flags of Our Fathers\" written by James Bradley (son of corpsman John Bradley), he is described by men who served with him as \"a Marine's Marine\", a true warrior and leader, who led his men by example. Strank often told his men, \"Follow me, and I'll try to bring you all safely home to your mothers.\" One former Marine who served with Strank stated, \"He was the kind of Marine you read about, the kind they make movies about.\" L.B. Holly, who served in Strank's squad and who was with Strank when he died, stated, \"He was the best Marine I ever knew.\" In 2008, Gunnery Sergeant Matt Blais, who was a Marine security guard in the American Embassy in Slovakia, discovered that Strank was not a natural-born U.S. citizen. Strank had become a U.S. citizen after his father's naturalization in 1935, but had never received official documentation. GySgt. Blais petitioned the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services on Strank's behalf and on July 29, 2008, Strank's youngest sister, Mary Pero, was presented with his certificate of citizenship in a ceremony at the Marine Corps War Memorial. Strank's public recognitions include: Michael Strank is prominently featured in the 2006 movie \"Flags of Our Fathers\". In the movie, Sgt. Strank is played by Canadian actor Barry Pepper. The movie is based on the 2000 book of the same title. In 2016, Radio and Television of Slovakia filmed a documentary about Sgt. Strank called \"Chlapec, ktorý chcel byť prezidentom\" (\"The boy who wanted to be a president\"). It was aired for the first time on the 2nd May 2017. In 2019, an English version of the documentary \"Chlapec, ktorý chcel byť prezidentom\" will be premiered in the United States under the title, \"The Oath\". Michael Strank Michael Strank (November 10, 1919 – March 1, 1945) was an American soldier, United States Marine Corps sergeant who was killed in action during the Battle of Iwo Jima in World War II. He is"
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"NA-141 (Kasur-IV) NA-141 (Kasur-IV) () was a constituency for the National Assembly of Pakistan. The constituency consisted of the areas in the Chunian Tehsil and Pattoki Tehsil which, according to the 2018 delimitations, have now been moved to NA-139 (Kasur-III) and NA-140 (Kasur-IV) respectively. General elections were held on 10 Oct 2002. Sardar Muhammad Asif Nakai of PML-Q won by 57,063 votes. General elections were held on 18 Feb 2008. Rana Muhammad Ishaq Khan of PML-N won by 58,807 votes. General elections were held on 11 May 2013. Rana Muhammad Ishaq Khan of PML-N won by 96,737 votes and became the member of National Assembly. NA-141 (Kasur-IV) NA-141 (Kasur-IV) () was a constituency for the National Assembly of Pakistan. The constituency consisted of the areas in the Chunian Tehsil and Pattoki Tehsil which, according to the 2018 delimitations, have now been moved to NA-139 (Kasur-III) and NA-140 (Kasur-IV) respectively. General elections were held on 10 Oct 2002. Sardar Muhammad Asif Nakai of PML-Q won by 57,063 votes. General elections were held on 18 Feb 2008. Rana Muhammad Ishaq Khan of PML-N won by 58,807 votes. General elections were held on 11 May 2013. Rana Muhammad Ishaq Khan of PML-N won"
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"Ancienne Belgique Ancienne Belgique (French for \"Ancient Belgium\") is a Belgian concert hall for contemporary music, located in the historic heart of Brussels. It is one of the leading concert venues in the world, hosting a wide variety of international and local acts. The name of Ancienne Belgique refers to Belgium and the Belgians in Roman times. The venue consists of three concert halls: the \"Main Hall\", the \"ABBox\", and the \"ABClub\". The Main Hall is, logically, the Ancienne Belgique's main hall, and has a capacity of 2,000 people. It is said to be one of the best concert halls in Belgium, with perfect acoustics. The ABBox is the newest addition to the Ancienne Belgique. It is the same space as the Main Hall, but rearranged for greater intimacy: the seats in the back and the balconies at the sides of the hall are covered, limiting its capacity to 800 people. The ABBox is the Ancienne Belgique's response to the need for a smaller concert hall to host less well-known acts, helping them gain a new and larger audience. The ABClub has a capacity of approximately 250 people, and hosts smaller, up-and-coming acts. In January 1955, Jacques Brel supported the performances of the Belgian pop and variety pioneer Bobbejaan Schoepen for one week. Suicide performed at the Ancienne Belgique on June 16, 1978. The crowd was hostile, wanting to hear the main act (Elvis Costello), and the members of Suicide antagonized the audience further during the performance. The recorded performance, on which many confrontational exchanges can be heard, was eventually released as 23 Minutes Over Brussels. In 1982, The Cure played a concert which ended in a fight between band-members on stage. The band split up right after this gig, yet reformed months later. The Domino festival, which was held annually from 1999 to 2011, hosted some underground artists that later broke into the mainstream. In 1999, Iggy Pop performed a concert that was recorded on a DVD and made available with his 2005 release \"\". In 2000, the rock band Oasis played a notable concert which was taped by MTV. The Hives' 2004 performance was released as the live DVD \"Tussles in Brussels\". Róisín Murphy released the limited double CD Live at Ancienne Belgique in November, 2007. Yeasayer released a live album Live At Ancienne Belgique, which was recorded on October 28, 2010 in the venue. Kings of Leon released a limited edition EP in 2004, Day Old Belgian Blues, that was recorded at the ABBox. Monster Magnet placed two songs from a 2014 performance (Which also was the debut for recent bassist Chris Kosnik)at the AB on . The songs chosen were \"Last Patrol\" and \"Three Kingfishers\". Calexico released two live albums recorded at the Ancienne Belgique in 2008 and 2012. Ancienne Belgique Ancienne Belgique (French for \"Ancient Belgium\") is a Belgian concert hall for contemporary music, located in the historic heart of Brussels. It is one of the leading concert venues in the world, hosting a wide"
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"2018 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Men's 1500 metres The men's 1500 metres at the 2018 IAAF World Indoor Championships took place on 3 and 4 March 2018. Two disqualifications and three national records highlighted the heats. In the final, 2012 champion, Abdelaati Iguider jumped out to an early lead, with the American pair of Ben Blankenship and Craig Engels immediately behind him. The entire field jogged through the first 400 at warm up pace, 1:15.84. Blankenship found himself in the lead, looking around as if, \"where is everybody?\" At 600 metres, in 1:52.48, finally Samuel Tefera came forward, the pace quickened slightly. He was joined by teammate Aman Wote and the pace began to get quicker, though still not 30 per lap pace. 800 metres in 2:23.68. Iguider came back to Tefera's shoulder, both speeding up to run a 28.49 lap, 1000 metres in 2:52.16. Blankenship held on to their back, Wote boxing him in on the outside. A 27.38 lap for 1200 in 3:19.54. Jake Wightman ran out in lane 3 to run around the crowd into third place as Iguider squeezed into the lead on the inside. With 300 metres to go, Marcin Lewandowski, known more as an 800 metres runner, was at the back of the pack, but he too moved to the outside and started sprinting past the field, reaching Wightman at the bell. Wightman held Lewandowski to the outside of the penultimate turn but on the backstretch, he passed and set off after Tefera and Iguider. A 25.38 lap, 3:44.84 would have won the race most years, but they still had 100 metres to go. It came down to a final 50 metre sprint on the home stretch. Tefera passed Iguider and ran away to victory, with Lewandowski in full sprint behind him. A desperate Iguider began leaning five metres before the finish, but he couldn't hold off Lewandowski speeding past for silver. For Iguider, it was his second bronze medal in this event, to go along with the complete set of medals he had already collected between 2010 and 2014. The winning time of 3:58.19 would be a slow mile time in this era. Tefera has run significantly faster, setting the World Junior Record holder in the event at 3:36.05, just 36 days earlier. That was his first experience on an indoor track. The heats were started on 3 March at 11:10. The final was started on March 4 at 16:12. 2018 IAAF World Indoor Championships – Men's 1500 metres The men's 1500 metres at the 2018 IAAF World Indoor Championships took place on 3 and 4 March 2018. Two disqualifications and three national records highlighted the heats. In the final, 2012 champion, Abdelaati Iguider jumped out to an early lead, with the American pair of Ben Blankenship and Craig Engels immediately behind him. The entire field jogged through the first 400 at warm up pace, 1:15.84. Blankenship found himself in the lead, looking around as if, \"where is everybody?\" At 600 metres,"
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"Opel Olympia Rekord The Opel Olympia Rekord was a two-door family car which replaced the Opel Olympia in March 1953. Innovations included the strikingly modern Ponton format body-work incorporating numerous styling features from the United States and large amounts of chrome decoration both on the outside and on the inside. The car was offered till 1957. Unusually, at least in European terms, the manufacturer followed the example of General Motors in Detroit by applying an annual facelift. There was a new front grill every year along with other detailed modifications to the trim. The policy of annual facelifts ensured plenty of publicity, and the car was a commercial success, achieving second place in the West German sales charts year after year, beaten to the top slot only by the much smaller, less costly and at this time seemingly unstoppable Volkswagen. Around 580,000 Olympia Rekords were produced. Opel boss Edward Zdunek justified the annual facelifts with the explanation that they gave customers the possibility of \"sozialen Differenzierung\" (social differentiation). Nevertheless, commentators also noted that the Detroit inspired annual face-lift disadvantaged owners because it depressed second hand values for the Olympia Rekord. The Olympia Rekord set a pattern that Opel would follow for many decades, providing a lot more car for the money than most competitor manufacturers. By contrast to the modern and annually modified bodywork, the 1488 cc ohc four-cylinder water-cooled engine was very little changed since it had first been offered in the Opel Olympia back in 1937. When the Olympia Rekord first appeared in 1953 maximum power output of 40 hp (29 kW) at 3800 rpm was claimed. This was increased at the end of 1955 for the 1956 model year to 45 hp (33 kW) at 3900 rpm. At the same time there was a marginal increase in maximum torque, and the compression ratio was raised from 6.5:1 to 6.9:1. The 1950s was a decade during which minimum fuel octanes were raised progressively across western Europe: the manufacturer continued to specify \"normal\" grade fuel for the Olympia Rekord throughout its life. The car retained the \"Olympia\" name, originally applied in 1935 to the predecessor model in anticipation of the 1936 Olympic Games. The Olympia had been a defining model for Opel, featuring then revolutionary monocoque body construction, and intended to be produced in huge numbers at a time when the national economy was finally seen to be on a sustained upswing. Adding the name \"Rekord\" in 1953 built on the theme of sporting success, and reflected a spirit of optimism which the model's marketplace performance would justify. The Opel Olympia Rekord was introduced with a new generously proportioned body and an old 1,488 cc engine in March 1953. The top seller, by far, was the two-door saloon. From August 1953 Opel also offered a 2-door cabriolet (\"\"Cabrio-Limouisine\"\") which, despite costing only an extra DM 300, sold in very small numbers. Also available from August was a 3-door estate which Opel branded as the Opel Olympia Rekord CarAVan. The resulting eleven syllable name was evidently no handicap in the marketplace, since the \"Caravan\" name would turn up on many subsequent Opel estate models. The styling was upbeat and an unapologetic tribute to the designs that General Motors were producing in Detroit, with a particularly striking open mouthed front grill which reminded commentators of a shark's mouth (der \"Haifischmaul-Kuelhergrill\"). Some customers may have been irritated that all the cars were delivered with their standard steel wheels painted black regardless of the colour of the car body, although sellers of after-market wheel trims were no doubt delighted by Opel's cost-cutting approach to painting the car's wheels. The advertised price in Germany was DM 6,410 for the 2-door \"Limousine\" (sedan) and DM 6,710 for the \"Cabrio-Limousine\" and \"Caravan\" (estate). By July 1954 Opel had produced 113,966 \"Limousine\" (sedan) or \"Cabrio-Limousine\" Olympia Rekords along with 15,804 \"Caravan\" (estate) versions and 6,258 Olympia Rekord panel vans. Production of the first Olympia Rekord ended in July 1954 and in late summer 1954 the mildly facelifted 1955 car was presented. The advertised power output of the 1,488 cc engine was unchanged at 40 hp (29 kW) despite a slight increase in the compression ratio from 6.3:1 to 6.5:1. The back window grew in size and the front grill was modified, through he addition of a single thick horizontal bar across the hitherto \"open-mouthed\" grill. This new adornment earned for the 1956 model, when coloured green, the soubriquet \"Gurkenraspel\" \"(\"cucumber grill\")\". A new base model was offered at DM 5,850, which was slightly above DM 1,000 more expensive than the market leading Volkswagen. Opel's new entry level family car also received a reduced name, being badged simply as the Opel Olympia, while the other models in the range continued with the Opel Olympia Rekord name. The 1955 model year also saw the introduction of a light panel van version. The 1956 model, introduced towards the end of 1955, featured simplified bumpers from which the over-riders had disappeared. The hitherto \"open-mouthed\" grill was now filled with closely packed thin vertical bars. Further price reductions followed the trend also followed by other German auto-makers during the mid-1950s and the advertised German market price for the 1956 model ranged from 5,410 to 6,560 marks. The old 1,488 cc engine was also upgraded with a further increase in the compression ratio, now to 6.9:1, and advertised maximum power was increased to 45 hp (33 kW). In other respects the old engine was very little changed. In July 1956 the 2-door cabriolet version was withdrawn. It had not sold well: the few survivors are much prized by enthusiasts and collectors half a century later. The 1957 model appeared in July 1956. The grill was again modified, the roof was slightly flattened and the exterior acquired even more chrome embellishment. Although the company had previously shunned significant mechanical changes when making their annual upgrades, they did now introduced an all-synchromesh gear-box. German market advertised prices now stood between DM 5,510 and 6,560. By way of comparison, 1957 was the year that Volkswagen finally managed to sink the price of their entry level Beetle to just below DM 4,000. The Opel Olympia Rekord was superseded in August 1957 by the new, larger and more flamboyantly styled Rekord P1 which would for the first time be offered with four doors. The 1937 Opel Olympia engine would continue to power entry level Opel Rekord models till 1965, however. During the four-year period between 1953 and 1957 Opel recorded production of 582,924 Olympia Rekords, with the rate accelerating markedly in 1957. It was still produced at about half the rate of the Volkswagen Beetle, but it was repeatedly Germany’s second best seller, and the first of a long line of Opel’s that would outsell competitor vehicles from Ford, both in Germany and in key European export markets. During six years from 1952 to 1958 Ford recorded production of 564,863 Taunus 12Ms and 15Ms which were comparable to the middle weight Opel in many ways, though half a class down in terms of price and (at least in the case of the 12M version) power. Opel Olympia Rekord The Opel Olympia Rekord was a two-door family car which"
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"Working for Peanuts Working for Peanuts is a 1953 animated short produced by Walt Disney. It is notable for being one of their first shorts filmed in 3D (the first being \"Adventures in Music: Melody\", which was released several months before). The tagline of the film is \"Walt Disney's Donald Duck & Chip 'N Dale in their first laugh riot in 3-Dimension.\" In 2006, it was remastered for digital 3D purposes and rereleased in 2007 along with the Disney Digital 3-D version of the Walt Disney Animation Studios film \"Meet the Robinsons\". \"Working for Peanuts\" was also showcased a number of times at the Disney theme parks and was used as a teaser 3D cartoon at Walt Disney Worlds Magic Kingdom, which showcased a 3D movie, Magic Journeys, that was sponsored by Kodak. The title \"\"Working for Peanuts\"\", which is a common expression to indicate earning low wages, is used to allude to the development in the story related to the elephant's peanuts. While collecting acorns, Chip 'n' Dale discover a peanut that had been thrown from the nearby zoo. At the zoo, guests feed, and Donald Duck takes care of Dolores the Elephant. Chip 'n' Dale try to steal peanuts from the elephant, but their theft is discovered. Trying to escape from Donald, Dale trips in a bucket of white paint, covering himself in it. This gives Chip an idea. Smiling, he says, \"I've got an idea! Listen to this!\" before grabbing Dale's ear and beginning to whisper in it. He whispers his plan in Dale's ear. While he is whispering, Dale listens closely and begins to smile, liking Chip's plan. He continues to smile as Chip continues to whisper. When he has finished whispering, he grabs the paintbrush and begins to cover Dale in paint. Together, the two cover themselves in the white paint and successfully convince Donald that they belong in an albino chipmunk exhibit at the zoo, where they are fed peanuts. In this film, for the first time Chip has been slapped with a fish by Dale, usually the other way round. Also, in 2010, Walt Disney Home Entertainment partnered with Mitsubishi Electric to bring the Disney Digital 3D Showcase Disc to homes across the country. The disc is a full HD 1080P Blu-ray 3D disc and requires a 3D-capable HDTV, 3D-capable Blu-ray player and active shutter glasses to enjoy. The disc is 22 minutes long and includes the short film \"Working For Peanuts\" in Full HD 3D, along with previews and clips in 3D from , \"Alice in Wonderland\", \"A Christmas Carol\" and Tim Burton's \"The Nightmare Before Christmas\". The disc is not available for general retail as of August 2010 and is only available as a part of Mitsubishi's 3D Starter Kit which retails for $399.99. Working for Peanuts Working for Peanuts is a 1953 animated short produced by Walt Disney. It is notable for being one of their first shorts filmed in 3D (the first being \"Adventures in Music: Melody\", which was"
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"Bucky O'Connor Frank \"Bucky\" O'Connor (December 21, 1913 – April 22, 1958) was a college men's basketball coach. He was the head coach of the Iowa Hawkeyes men's basketball team from 1949 to 1958. Born in Monroe, Iowa, O'Connor spent much of his early life playing golf, as his parents managed a country club. O'Connor attended and played basketball at Newton High School and Drake University; he became team captain in his senior year of college despite his slight frame and bad eyesight. After graduating, he coached at Boone High School and Harrisburg High School. When the United States entered World War II, O'Connor joined the United States Army Air Corps, serving in Japan and climbing to the rank of captain. After the war, he held jobs in the athletic departments at Boone High and Boone Junior College, and ultimately joined the Iowa Hawkeyes athletic staff as the freshman basketball coach and head golf coach in 1948. In 1950, O'Connor took charge of the Hawkeyes' basketball team after the first two coaches of the 1949–50 season stepped down. He became the official coach in the 1951–52 season, in which the team achieved a 19–3 record and a second-place finish in the Big Ten Conference. O'Connor is best known in Iowa basketball history for recruiting and coaching the players who comprised the \"Fabulous Five\": Sharm Scheuerman, Bill Seaberg, Carl Cain, Bill Schoof and Bill Logan. This team first came together during the 1953–54 season, finishing second in the Big Ten with an 11–3 conference record (17–5 overall). The team won the Big Ten in the next two seasons, advancing to the Final Four both times. In the 1955–56 season, which was the Fabulous Five's final season together, the Hawkeyes won 17 consecutive games and advanced to their only National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) championship game in school history, where they lost to the University of San Francisco, marking the end of Iowa's most successful era of basketball. O'Connor coached the Hawkeyes for the next two seasons, compiling a combined record of 21–23 before dying in a highway accident on April 22, 1958, at the age of 44. He had one daughter, Kathy, born to his wife Jane. In recent years several relatives of O'Connor were involved with the men's basketball program at Iowa. His grand-nephew, Jim O'Connor, played as a walk on from 1988-92 and three more of his great-nephews served as student managers with the team: Tom O'Connor (2009-2014), Pat O'Connor (2013-2017), and Brendan O'Connor (2015-Present). Bucky O'Connor Frank \"Bucky\" O'Connor (December 21, 1913 – April 22, 1958) was a college men's basketball coach. He was the head coach of the Iowa Hawkeyes men's basketball team from 1949 to 1958. Born in Monroe, Iowa, O'Connor spent much of his early life playing golf, as his parents managed a country club. O'Connor attended and played basketball at Newton High School and Drake University; he became team captain in his senior year of college despite his slight frame and bad eyesight. After"
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"USS Stonewall Jackson (SSBN-634) USS \"Stonewall Jackson\" (SSBN-634), a fleet ballistic missile submarine, was the third ship of the United States Navy to be named for Confederate States Army General Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson (1824–1863). The contract to build \"Stonewall Jackson\" was awarded to Mare Island Naval Shipyard at Vallejo, California, on 21 July 1961 and her keel was laid down there on 4 July 1962. She was launched on 30 November 1963, sponsored by Miss Julia Christian McAfee, and commissioned on 26 August 1964, with Commander John H. Nicholson in command of the Blue Crew and Commander Richard A. Frost in command of the Gold Crew. \"Stonewall Jackson\" departed Vallejo on 3 September 1964 for her shakedown cruise to Cape Kennedy, Florida. The Blue Crew completed training with a successful Polaris ballistic missile firing on 2 December 1964 and was relieved by the Gold Crew. Following the Gold Crew's successful Polaris missile launch on 16 December 1964, \"Stonewall Jackson\" returned to the Pacific Ocean to complete shakedown operations. She began post-shakedown alterations and repairs on 13 February 1965, then made final preparations at Bangor, Washington for an overseas deployment. In April 1965, she began her first strategic deterrent patrol. In June 1965, the Gold Crew relieved the Blue Crew at Apra Harbor, Guam. For the next five years \"Stonewall Jackson\" conducted deterrent patrols from Apra Harbor. In the spring of 1970, \"Stonewall Jackson\" was reassigned to the United States Atlantic Fleet. On 23 April 1970, she got underway from Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, to conduct a special operation, before continuing on to the Panama Canal. She transited the canal on 7 May 1970 and changed operational control from Submarine Flotilla 5 to Submarine Flotilla 6, officially joining the Atlantic Fleet. On 15 May 1970, she put into New London, Connecticut. \"Stonewall Jackson\" spent the second half of May 1970 in upkeep at New London, then headed south on 1 June 1970. She stopped at the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis, Maryland, from 7 June to 10 June 1970 for midshipman indoctrination tours, then put to sea for special operations. She entered Charleston, South Carolina, to off-load ballistic missiles during the first week in July 1970, then shaped a course for New London, arriving on 10 July 1970. On 15 July she entered the shipyard of the Electric Boat Division of General Dynamics at Groton, Connecticut, for conversion to carry the Poseidon C-3 ballistic missile system. The installation of the new missile system was completed by 29 October 1971, when the Blue Crew began preparations to put to sea. Between October 1971 and March 1972, both the Blue Crew and the Gold Crew conducted their shakedown cruises off the southeastern coast of the United States. \"Stonewall Jackson\" returned to Groton on 4 March 1971 and, on 8 March, commenced post-shakedown repairs and alterations at the General Dynamics shipyard. On 7 April 1971, \"Stonewall Jackson\" got underway for Charleston for ballistic missile loading in preparation for her first post-conversion and first Atlantic deterrent patrol. \"Stonewall Jackson\" was based at Holy Loch, Scotland, for patrol duties until mid-1978. She returned to the United States for an extensive overhaul at Portsmouth, New Hampshire Shipyard and was fitted with the Trident C-4 missile system at Pier side Port Canaveral, Florida in late 1988. 1988-1990 in Charleston, SC is where she deployed for patrols. She then operated out of Naval Submarine Base Kings Bay, Georgia, until her final patrol in 1994. \"Stonewall Jackson\" was decommissioned on 9 February 1995 and simultaneously stricken from the Naval Vessel Register. Her scrapping via the Nuclear-Powered Ship and Submarine Recycling Program at Bremerton, Washington, was completed on 13 October 1995. USS Stonewall Jackson (SSBN-634) USS \"Stonewall Jackson\" (SSBN-634), a fleet ballistic missile submarine, was the third ship of the United States Navy to be named for Confederate States Army General Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson (1824–1863). The contract to build \"Stonewall Jackson\" was awarded to Mare Island Naval Shipyard at Vallejo, California, on 21 July 1961 and her keel was laid down there on 4 July 1962. She was launched on 30 November 1963, sponsored by Miss Julia Christian McAfee, and commissioned on 26 August 1964, with Commander John H."
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"retrieved": [
"Raymond Howard (politician) Raymond Howard (born March 13, 1935) is an American politician who served in the Missouri Senate and the Missouri House of Representatives. He was previously elected to the Missouri House of Representatives in 1964, serving until 1968. Howard served in the U.S. Army as a paratrooper in the 82nd Airborne, reaching the rank of lieutenant. In 1968, Howard defeated Michael Kinney, the longest-serving elected official in Missouri, if not the United States. In 1976, Howard was defeated for re-election by J. B. Banks by 417 votes. In 2014, he was inducted into the National Bar Association Hall of Fame. Raymond Howard (politician) Raymond Howard (born March 13, 1935) is an American politician who served in the Missouri Senate and the Missouri House of Representatives. He was previously elected to the Missouri House of Representatives in 1964, serving until 1968. Howard served in the U.S. Army as a paratrooper in the 82nd Airborne, reaching the rank of lieutenant. In 1968, Howard defeated Michael Kinney, the longest-serving elected official in Missouri, if not the United States. In 1976, Howard was defeated for re-election by J. B. Banks by 417 votes. In 2014, he was inducted into the National Bar"
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"retrieved": [
"GoCanvas GoCanvas (previously known as Canvas) is a United States-based technology company which provides mobile apps and forms for data collection and sharing. The company's main offices are in Reston, Virginia, with a regional office in Sydney, Australia. Founded in 2008, Canvas specializes in Software as a Service (SaaS). It achieved a first round of funding in 2011. In 2014 the company had 50 employees. GoCanvas services provide mobile and tablet interfaces for filling out forms or collecting other data, which is then stored online, through a cloud model. Apps offered by the company allow businesses to decrease paper usage. MyCanvas is a service which allows access to data created by paid accounts, allowing, for example, a customer to review records they have submitted to a GoCanvas user. GoCanvas allows users to customize their apps and can include GPS location capture, photos, signature capture, and reference data. Data can be exported in a comma-separated values spreadsheet or a pdf. GoCanvas GoCanvas (previously known as Canvas) is a United States-based technology company which provides mobile apps and forms for data collection and sharing. The company's main offices are in Reston, Virginia, with a regional office in Sydney, Australia. Founded in 2008,"
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"retrieved": [
"William Howley Goodenough Lieutenant General Sir William Howley Goodenough (4 April 1833 – 24 June 1898) was a British Army officer who became General Officer Commanding North-West District. Born the son of Edmund Goodenough, Head Master of Westminster School, Goodenough was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Royal Artillery on 20 June 1849. He was promoted to lieutenant on 1 April 1851, to captain on 1 January 1856 and to major on 20 July 1858. He fought and was wounded at the Siege of Lucknow during the Indian Rebellion. Promoted to lieutenant-colonel on 25 March 1869, he became military attaché in Vienna in 1871. He commanded the artillery during the Anglo-Egyptian War in 1882. He went on to be Inspector-General of Royal Artillery in August 1886, General Officer Commanding North-West District in July 1889 and General Officer Commanding, Chatham District in April 1890. His last appointment was as General Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Cape of Good Hope in December 1894, in which capacity he briefly acted as Governor of Cape Colony in 1897, before retiring in October 1898. William Howley Goodenough Lieutenant General Sir William Howley Goodenough (4 April 1833 – 24 June 1898) was a British Army officer who became"
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"retrieved": [
"Circle Round the Sun Circle 'Round the Sun is the third album by American guitarist Leo Kottke, released in 1970. Eight of its eleven songs are studio re-recordings of songs from his first (live) album \"12-String Blues\". Although they should have been improved by being recorded in a professional studio, there is noticeable oversaturation in many of the songs, causing his vocal to break up. Kottke has often been quoted as being unhappy with the recording quality. It has not been re-issued on CD and is not even listed on Kottke's official website. Writing for Allmusic, music critic Chip Renner called the album \"This is a good, hard to find record.\" All songs by Leo Kottke except as noted § = previously recorded on \"12-String Blues\" Circle Round the Sun Circle 'Round the Sun is the third album by American guitarist Leo Kottke, released in 1970. Eight of its eleven songs are studio re-recordings of songs from his first (live) album \"12-String Blues\". Although they should have been improved by being recorded in a professional studio, there is noticeable oversaturation in many of the songs, causing his vocal to break up. Kottke has often been quoted as being unhappy with"
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"retrieved": [
"Big Run (West Branch Fishing Creek tributary) Big Run is a tributary of West Branch Fishing Creek in Sullivan County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately long and flows through Davidson Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of . The stream is somewhat acidic, with a pH that ranged from 4.02 to 4.65 during a study on the watershed of Fishing Creek. Wisconsinan Till, Boulder Colluvium, and bedrock consisting of sandstone and shale all occur in the vicinity of the stream. Big Run begins on a plateau in Davidson Township. It flows southeast and almost immediately leaves the plateau and begins descending steeply through a deep and narrow valley. After several tenths of a mile, the stream gradually turns south. A short distance further downstream, it crosses Fishing Creek Road and reaches its confluence with West Branch Fishing Creek. Big Run joins West Branch Fishing Creek upstream of its mouth. Between June 2010 and April 2011, the water temperature of Big Run was measured four times during a study of the Fishing Creek watershed. The highest temperature, occurred on June 18, 2010 and the second-highest temperature, , occurred on November 13, 2010. The second-lowest temperature occurred, on April 9, 2011. The lowest temperature, , occurred on January 4, 2011. Between June 2010 and April 2011, the specific conductivity of the waters of Big Run was measured four times during the study of the Fishing Creek watershed . The highest specific conductivity was 20 micro-siemens per centimeter. This value occurred on June 18, 2010. The lowest specific conductivity occurred on January 4, 2011. The value was 6 micro-siemens per centimeter. The specific conductivity was 15 micro-siemens per centimeter on November 13, 2010 and April 9, 2011. The pH of Big Run was measured four times during the study of the Fishing Creek watershed between June 2010 and April 2011. The highest pH was 4.65 and it occurred on November 13, 2010. The second-highest pH was 4.37. This value occurred on June 18, 2010. The second-lowest was 4.13 and occurred on January 4, 2011. The lowest pH, 4.02, occurred on April 9, 2011. Big Run is designated by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection for use for aquatic life. It attains the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection's standards for this use. The elevation near the mouth of Big Run is above sea level. The elevation of the stream's source is between above sea level. In its lower reaches, Big Run is on a glacial till known as the Wisconsinan Till. This till is a diamict that is unstratified or poorly stratified. In part of the area where the stream is in the vicinity of Wisconsinan Till, the till is underlain by alternating layers of silt and clay. Each layer is approximately thick. Boulder Colluvium occurs near the stream's headwaters. The majority of the surface is covered in boulders consisting of quartz, sandstone, or conglomerate. Bedrock consisting of sandstone and shale can be found in the vicinity of the stream, especially in its middle and upper reaches. The watershed of Big Run has an area of . The stream is entirely within the United States Geological Survey quadrangle of Elk Grove. Big Run was entered into the Geographic Names Information System on August 2, 1979. Its identifier in the Geographic Names Information System is 1169569. Big Run (West Branch Fishing Creek tributary) Big Run is a tributary of West Branch Fishing Creek in Sullivan County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately long and flows through Davidson Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of"
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